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Grassilli E, Pisano F, Cialdella A, Bonomo S, Missaglia C, Cerrito MG, Masiero L, Ianzano L, Giordano F, Cicirelli V, Narloch R, D'Amato F, Noli B, Ferri GL, Leone BE, Stanta G, Bonin S, Helin K, Giovannoni R, Lavitrano M. Correction: A novel oncogenic BTK isoform is overexpressed in colon cancers and required for RAS-mediated transformation. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03037-w. [PMID: 38637670 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- E Grassilli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
- BiOnSil srl, Monza, Italy.
| | - F Pisano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- BiOnSil srl, Monza, Italy
| | - A Cialdella
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- BiOnSil srl, Monza, Italy
| | - S Bonomo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C Missaglia
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - M G Cerrito
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - L Masiero
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - L Ianzano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F Giordano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - V Cicirelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - R Narloch
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F D'Amato
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - B Noli
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - G L Ferri
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - B E Leone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Stanta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Bonin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - K Helin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Stem Cell Center (Danstem), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R Giovannoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - M Lavitrano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
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Aydin I, May M, Pisano F, Mpofu-Maetzig N, Grode L, Parekh S, Pujari P, Shewale S, Desai S, Sharma H, Rao H, Gautam M, Gairola S, Shaligram U. Safety and immunogenicity of SIIPL Tdap, a new tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine, in healthy subjects 4-65 years of age: A Phase II/III randomized, observer-blinded, active controlled, multicenter clinical study in Germany. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)01157-X. [PMID: 37827966 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of a new booster vaccine against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt. Ltd (SIIPL Tdap). METHODS The Phase II/III trial was randomized (2:1), observer blinded and active controlled. Healthy subjects aged 4-65 years received a single dose of either SIIPL Tdap or comparator Tdap vaccine (Boostrix®, GlaxoSmithKline, Belgium), and were followed-up for 30 days. Blood samples for safety and immunogenicity assessments were collected pre-vaccination and on day 30 post-vaccination. The study assessed safety and reactogenicity of SIIPL Tdap compared to the comparator Tdap as well as the co-primary immunogenicity outcomes: (i) seroprotection rates against diphtheria toxoid (DT) and tetanus toxoid (TT) and (ii) the booster response rates against pertussis toxoid (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) 30 days post-vaccination in all study subjects. A margin of -10 % was used for non-inferiority testing. Secondary outcomes included the booster response rates against DT and TT, seropositivity rates against pertussis antigens, and antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for all vaccine components. RESULTS At Day 30 post-vaccination, SIIPL Tdap was assessed as non-inferior to the comparator Tdap in terms of: i) seroprotection rates against DT (94.4 % vs. 94.9 %) and TT (99.9 % vs. 100 %) and ii) pertussis booster response rates (93.8 % vs. 88.4 % anti-PT, 89.7 % vs. 90.9 % anti-FHA and 86.3 % vs. 84.4 % anti-PRN), for SIIPL Tdap versus comparator Tdap, respectively. GMCs for anti-PT and anti-PRN were higher in subjects vaccinated with SIIPL Tdap compared to comparator Tdap. All other secondary outcomes were comparable. The overall frequency of local and systemic solicited AEs was comparable; no treatment related SAEs were reported. CONCLUSIONS Booster vaccination with SIIPL Tdap was non-inferior to comparator Tdap with respect to the immunogenicity of the vaccine components and was equally well tolerated. EudraCT number: 2019-002706-46.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inci Aydin
- Serum Life Science Europe GmbH, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marcus May
- Serum Life Science Europe GmbH, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Serum Life Science Europe GmbH, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | - Sameer Parekh
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Pramod Pujari
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Sunil Shewale
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Shivani Desai
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Hitt Sharma
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Harish Rao
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Manish Gautam
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
| | - Sunil Gairola
- Serum Institute of India Private Limited, Pune, India
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Pasella M, Pisano F, Cannas B, Fanni A, Cocco E, Frau J, Lai F, Mocci S, Littera R, Giglio SR. Decision trees to evaluate the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. Front Neuroinform 2023; 17:1248632. [PMID: 37649987 PMCID: PMC10465164 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2023.1248632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a persistent neurological condition impacting the central nervous system (CNS). The precise cause of multiple sclerosis is still uncertain; however, it is thought to arise from a blend of genetic and environmental factors. MS diagnosis includes assessing medical history, conducting neurological exams, performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and analyzing cerebrospinal fluid. While there is currently no cure for MS, numerous treatments exist to address symptoms, decelerate disease progression, and enhance the quality of life for individuals with MS. Methods This paper introduces a novel machine learning (ML) algorithm utilizing decision trees to address a key objective: creating a predictive tool for assessing the likelihood of MS development. It achieves this by combining prevalent demographic risk factors, specifically gender, with crucial immunogenetic risk markers, such as the alleles responsible for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules and the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) genes responsible for natural killer lymphocyte receptors. Results The study included 619 healthy controls and 299 patients affected by MS, all of whom originated from Sardinia. The gender feature has been disregarded due to its substantial bias in influencing the classification outcomes. By solely considering immunogenetic risk markers, the algorithm demonstrates an ability to accurately identify 73.24% of MS patients and 66.07% of individuals without the disease. Discussion Given its notable performance, this system has the potential to support clinicians in monitoring the relatives of MS patients and identifying individuals who are at an increased risk of developing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Pasella
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Cannas
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fanni
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cocco
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, Centro Sclerosi Multipla, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jessica Frau
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, Centro Sclerosi Multipla, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Lai
- Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Mocci
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Centre for Research University Services, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Roberto Littera
- AART-ODV (Association for the Advancement of Research on Transplantation), Cagliari, Italy
- Medical Genetics, R. Binaghi Hospital, ASSL Cagliari, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rita Giglio
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Centre for Research University Services, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
- AART-ODV (Association for the Advancement of Research on Transplantation), Cagliari, Italy
- Medical Genetics, R. Binaghi Hospital, ASSL Cagliari, ATS Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy
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Pisano F, Cannas B, Fanni A, Pasella M, Canetto B, Giglio SR, Mocci S, Chessa L, Perra A, Littera R. Decision trees for early prediction of inadequate immune response to coronavirus infections: a pilot study on COVID-19. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1230733. [PMID: 37601789 PMCID: PMC10433226 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1230733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Few artificial intelligence models exist to predict severe forms of COVID-19. Most rely on post-infection laboratory data, hindering early treatment for high-risk individuals. Methods This study developed a machine learning model to predict inherent risk of severe symptoms after contracting SARS-CoV-2. Using a Decision Tree trained on 153 Alpha variant patients, demographic, clinical and immunogenetic markers were considered. Model performance was assessed on Alpha and Delta variant datasets. Key risk factors included age, gender, absence of KIR2DS2 gene (alone or with HLA-C C1 group alleles), presence of 14-bp polymorphism in HLA-G gene, presence of KIR2DS5 gene, and presence of KIR telomeric region A/A. Results The model achieved 83.01% accuracy for Alpha variant and 78.57% for Delta variant, with True Positive Rates of 80.82 and 77.78%, and True Negative Rates of 85.00% and 79.17%, respectively. The model showed high sensitivity in identifying individuals at risk. Discussion The present study demonstrates the potential of AI algorithms, combined with demographic, epidemiologic, and immunogenetic data, in identifying individuals at high risk of severe COVID-19 and facilitating early treatment. Further studies are required for routine clinical integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Pisano
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Cannas
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fanni
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Manuela Pasella
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Rita Giglio
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- AART-ODV (Association for the Advancement of Research on Transplantation), Cagliari, Italy
- Medical Genetics, R. Binaghi Hospital, Local Public Health and Social Care Unit (ASSL) of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Centre for Research University Services (CeSAR, Centro Servizi di Ateneo per la Ricerca), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Stefano Mocci
- Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Centre for Research University Services (CeSAR, Centro Servizi di Ateneo per la Ricerca), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Luchino Chessa
- AART-ODV (Association for the Advancement of Research on Transplantation), Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Perra
- AART-ODV (Association for the Advancement of Research on Transplantation), Cagliari, Italy
- Unit of Oncology and Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberto Littera
- AART-ODV (Association for the Advancement of Research on Transplantation), Cagliari, Italy
- Medical Genetics, R. Binaghi Hospital, Local Public Health and Social Care Unit (ASSL) of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Aymerich E, Sias G, Pisano F, Cannas B, Fanni A, the-JET-Contributors. CNN disruption predictor at JET: Early versus late data fusion approach. Fusion Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Aymerich E, Pisano F, Cannas B, Sias G, Fanni A, Gao Y, Böckenhoff D, Jakubowski M. Physics Informed Neural Networks towards the real-time calculation of heat fluxes at W7-X. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2023.101401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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Rosazza M, Soria F, Moschini M, Del Giudice F, Pichler R, Hurle R, Mancon S, Carrion Monsalve D, Krajewski W, Mari A, Mazzoli S, Livoti S, Dutto D, De Bellis M, Ola L, Pisano F, Fiameni C, Lillaz B, Gontero P. Clinical validation of the EAU2021 intermediate risk NMIBC definition and implications for adjuvant treatment: A multicenter YAU Urothelial Collaboration. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Albani S, Pisano F, Berlier N, Pelloni E, Caterina B, Biava L, Contu L, Scacciatella P. P88 LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE CLOSURE DEVICE COMPLICATED BY LATE ONSET PERICARDIAL EFFUSION AND TAMPONADE: A CASE REPORT. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac012.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Late onset complications of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) device procedure are anecdotal and there are no such complications reported in literature using Cardia Ultraseal (Cardia, USA).
Case Summary
We report the case of a 74–year–old Caucasian man affected by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with significant bleeding risk (familiar thrombocytopenia, macroscopic hematuria episodes during therapy with direct oral anticoagulants, HAS–BLED risk score: 4) and ischemic risk as well (CHADSVASC score: 3). The patient was treated with LAAO device implantation for high bleeding risk. Subsequently, after 26 days from LAAO procedure, he was admitted to the emergency department for hematic cardiac tamponade. The patient was successfully treated with subxyphoidal pericardiocentesis in the acute phase, unfortunately cardiac arrest occurred during the transfer to the referral hospital for urgent cardiac surgery. Permanent neurological damage was reported and the patient died on day 28.
Discussion
There are several clinical and radiological aspects that may suggest a cause–effect relationship with the occurrence of hematic pericardial effusion and LAA occlusion device implantation: firstly the pericardial effusion was hematic and its occurrence was preceded by acute interscapular pain suggesting an acute pericardial irritation caused by the hematic effusion and secondly, the CT scan played an “indirect key role” excluding several causes of hematic pericardial effusion (such as aortic dissection and solid tumors that could infiltrate the pericardial membrane), thirdly there are no other anamnestic events that may be associated with this clinical manifestation (such as trauma). The low flexibility of the Cardia Ultraseal (Cardia, Inc., Eagan, MN, USA) nitinol mesh structure, as previously reported in others settings, may be associated to increased torque of the device by the beating heart. A bench test showed that the Ultrasept, a large–mashed device for interatrial defect closure, very similar to Ultraseal, needs a high compression force during implantation as a result of its low radial strength. In addition, compared to other devices, the bulb part is much larger. Consequently, when the device is deeply inserted in LAA, a higher surface area within the appendage wall is directly overlapped, having more chance of causing friction.All these aspects could be responsible of wall erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Albani
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - F Pisano
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - N Berlier
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - E Pelloni
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - B Caterina
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - L Biava
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - L Contu
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
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Albani S, Pisano F, Bernardi A, Amato G, Bonino C, Biava L, Contu L, Pelloni E, Scacciatella P. P79 FIRST GENERATION BIORESORBABLE VASCULAR SCAFFOLD VS NEXT GENERATION BIORESORBABLE VASCULAR SCAFFOLD: SINGLE CENTER, LONG–TERM FOLLOW UP EXPERIENCE. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac012.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous randomized controlled trials demonstrated a higher rate of stent thrombosis with first generation (Absorb; Abbott Vascular, USA) bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation as compared with second–generation drug–eluting stent. Currently, with limited indications, others next generation BVS (NGB) are available (Magmaris; Biotronik AG, Switzerland and DESolve; Elixir Medical Corporation, USA). Real world long–term outcomes of such devices are limited.
Methods and Results
In our center from 27/09/2012 to 28/08/2018 in a cohort of 277 patients, a total of 259 BVS and 191 NGB (120 Magmaris and 71 DESolve) devices were implanted. The primary efficacy endpoint was a combined end point of target–lesion revascularization (TLR) and target lesion myocardial infarction (TLMI) the primary safety endpoint was scaffold thrombosis (ScT). At a median follow–up, of 83 months (interquartile range–IQR, 61–91 months) for BVS, and 48 months (IQR, 41–53.5 months) and 64.5 months (IQR, 58.5–69 months) for Magmaris and DESolve respectively, TLR/TLMI occurred in 17 patients (10.5%) in the BVS group and 4 patients (3.5%) in the NGB group (p value= 0.03), ScT occurred in 5 patient (3.1%) and 1 patient (0.9%), p–value=0.23, respectively. Median time of ScT occurrence in the BVS group was 12.5 months (IQR 9.75–16.75), ScT in the NGB group occurred after patient’s suspension of dual antiplatelet therapy 3 months later from the implantation date.
Conclusion
In a single center real world setting, the use of NGB appear safer compared to BVS at long–term follow–up.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Albani
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - F Pisano
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - A Bernardi
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - G Amato
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - C Bonino
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - L Biava
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - L Contu
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
| | - E Pelloni
- SC CARDIOLOGIA OSPEDALE U. PARINI, AOSTA
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Pisano F, Gontero P, Sylvester R, Joniau S, Serretta V, Larré S, Di Stasi S, van Rhijn B, Witjes A, Grotenhuis A, Colombo R, Briganti A, Babjuk M, Soukup V, Malmstrom PU, Irani J, Malats N, Baniel J, Mano R, Cai T, Cha E, Ardelt P, Varkarakis J, Bartoletti R, Dalbagni G, Shariat SF, Xylinas E, Karnes RJ, Palou J. Risk factors for residual disease at re-TUR in a large cohort of T1G3 patients. Actas Urol Esp 2021; 45:473-478. [PMID: 34147426 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The goals of transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TUR) are to completely resect the lesions and to make a correct diagnosis in order to adequately stage the patient. It is well known that the presence of detrusor muscle in the specimen is a prerequisite to minimize the risk of under staging. Persistent disease after resection of bladder tumors is not uncommon and is the reason why the European Guidelines recommended a re-TUR for all T1 tumors. It was recently published that when there is muscle in the specimen, re-TUR does not influence progression or cancer specific survival. We present here the patient and tumor factors that may influence the presence of residual disease at re-TUR. MATERIAL AND METHODS In our retrospective cohort of 2451 primary T1G3 patients initially treated with BCG, pathology results for 934 patients (38.1%) who underwent re-TUR are available. 74% had multifocal tumors, 20% of tumors were more than 3 cm in diameter and 26% had concomitant CIS. In this subgroup of patients who underwent re-TUR, there was no residual disease in 267 patients (29%) and residual disease in 667 patients (71%): Ta in 378 (40%) and T1 in 289 (31%) patients. Age, gender, tumor status (primary/recurrent), previous intravesical therapy, tumor size, tumor multi-focality, presence of concomitant CIS, and muscle in the specimen were analyzed in order to evaluate risk factors of residual disease at re-TUR, both in univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regressions. RESULTS The following were not risk factors for residual disease: age, gender, tumor status and previous intravesical chemotherapy. The following were univariate risk factors for presence of residual disease: no muscle in TUR, multiple tumors, tumors > 3 cm, and presence of concomitant CIS. Due to the correlation between tumor multi-focality and tumor size, the multivariate model retained either the number of tumors or the tumor diameter (but not both), p < 0.001. The presence of muscle in the specimen was no longer significant, while the presence of CIS only remained significant in the model with tumor size, p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS The most significant factors for a higher risk of residual disease at re-TUR in T1G3 patients are multifocal tumors and tumors more than 3 cm. Patients with concomitant CIS and those without muscle in the specimen also have a higher risk of residual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pisano
- Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Studies of Turin; Department of Urology, Fundacio Puigvert, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Gontero
- Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Studies of Turin
| | - R Sylvester
- Formerly Department of Biostatistics, EORTC Headquarters
| | - S Joniau
- Oncologic and Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - V Serretta
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Larré
- Department of Surgical Science, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - S Di Stasi
- Policlinico Tor Vergata-University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - B van Rhijn
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Witjes
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Grotenhuis
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R Colombo
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Università Vita-Salute, Ospedale S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - A Briganti
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Università Vita-Salute, Ospedale S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - M Babjuk
- Department of Urology, Motol Hospital, University of Praha, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - V Soukup
- Department of Urology, Motol Hospital, University of Praha, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - P U Malmstrom
- Department of Urology, Academic Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Irani
- Department of Urology, Hospital Bicetre, France
| | - N Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)
| | - J Baniel
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - R Mano
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - T Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - E Cha
- Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - P Ardelt
- University Hospital Basel, Urological University Clinic Basel-Liestal, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Varkarakis
- Department of Urology, Sismanoglio Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - R Bartoletti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Dalbagni
- Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1190, Austria; Department of Urology, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - E Xylinas
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R J Karnes
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Palou
- Department of Urology, Fundacio Puigvert, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Pisano F, Cannas B, Fanni A, Sias G, Jakubowski MW, Drewelow P, Niemann H, Puig Sitjes A, Gao Y, Moncada V, Wurden G, W7-X Team. Tools for Image Analysis and First Wall Protection at W7-X. Fusion Science and Technology 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2020.1819750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Pisano
- University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Cannas
- University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fanni
- University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Sias
- University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marcin W. Jakubowski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- University of Szczecin, Institute of Physics, Szczecin 70-451, Poland
| | - Peter Drewelow
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Holger Niemann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Aleix Puig Sitjes
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yu Gao
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Glen Wurden
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico
| | - W7-X Team
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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12
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Pisano F, Marangolo P. Looking at ancillary systems for verb recovery: Evidence from non-invasive brain stimulation. Brain Cogn 2020; 139:105515. [PMID: 31902738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.105515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several behavioural and neuroimaging studies have suggested that the language function is not restricted into the left areas but it involves regions not predicted by the classical language model. Accordingly, the Embodied Cognition theory postulates a close interaction between the language and the motor system. Indeed, it has been shown that non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is effective for language recovery also when applied over sensorimotor regions, such as the motor cortex, the cerebellum and the spinal cord. We will review a series of NIBS studies in post-stroke aphasic people aimed to assess the impact of NIBS on verb recovery. We first present results which, following the classical assumption of the Broca's area as the key region for verb processing, have shown that the modulation over this area is efficacious for verb improvement. Then, we will present experiments which, according to Embodied Cognition, have directly investigated through NIBS the role of different sensorimotor regions in enhancing verb production. Since verbs play a crucial role for sentence construction which are most often impaired in the aphasic population, we believe that these results have important clinical implications. Indeed, they address the possibility that different structures might support verb processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pisano
- Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - P Marangolo
- Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Lavitrano M, Ianzano L, Bonomo S, Cialdella A, Cerrito MG, Pisano F, Missaglia C, Giovannoni R, Romano G, McLean CM, Voest EE, D'Amato F, Noli B, Ferri GL, Agostini M, Pucciarelli S, Helin K, Leone BE, Canzonieri V, Grassilli E. BTK inhibitors synergise with 5-FU to treat drug-resistant TP53-null colon cancers. J Pathol 2019; 250:134-147. [PMID: 31518438 DOI: 10.1002/path.5347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth cause of death from cancer worldwide mainly due to the high incidence of drug-resistance. During a screen for new actionable targets in drug-resistant tumours we recently identified p65BTK - a novel oncogenic isoform of Bruton's tyrosine kinase. Studying three different cohorts of patients here we show that p65BTK expression correlates with histotype and cancer progression. Using drug-resistant TP53-null colon cancer cells as a model we demonstrated that p65BTK silencing or chemical inhibition overcame the 5-fluorouracil resistance of CRC cell lines and patient-derived organoids and significantly reduced the growth of xenografted tumours. Mechanistically, we show that blocking p65BTK in drug-resistant cells abolished a 5-FU-elicited TGFB1 protective response and triggered E2F-dependent apoptosis. Taken together, our data demonstrated that targeting p65BTK restores the apoptotic response to chemotherapy of drug-resistant CRCs and gives a proof-of-concept for suggesting the use of BTK inhibitors in combination with 5-FU as a novel therapeutic approach in CRC patients. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonarda Ianzano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Sara Bonomo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabio Pisano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Carola Missaglia
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Giovannoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Gabriele Romano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Chelsea M McLean
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emile E Voest
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Filomena D'Amato
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Noli
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Ferri
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- First Surgical Clinic Section, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- First Surgical Clinic Section, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Kristian Helin
- Center for Epigenetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Biagio E Leone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit and CRO Biobank, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Grassilli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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14
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Krajewski W, Rodríguez-Faba O, Breda A, Pisano F, Poletajew S, Tukiendorf A, Algaba F, Zdrojowy R, Kołodziej A, Palou J. The 1973 WHO and 2004 WHO grading systems are not equal in prediction of survival among stage T1 bladder cancer patients. Actas Urol Esp 2019; 43:467-473. [PMID: 31272800 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyse prognostic impact of tumour histological grade on survival differences between primary G2 and G3 WHO1973 stage T1 tumours which were graded as HG according to WHO2004 grading system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 481 patients with primary T1HG bladder cancer who were treated between 1986 and 2016 in 2university centres were retrospectively reviewed. Log-rank test and Cox regression analysis was performed to compare the groups. RESULTS 95 (19,8%) tumours were classified as G2 and 386 (80,2%) were G3. Median follow-up was 68 months. The recurrence was observed in 228 (47,5%), and progression in 109 patients (22,7%). Radical cystectomy was performed in 114 pts (23,7%) and there were 64 (13,3%) cancer specific deaths. Recurrence-free rates at 5-years follow-up for G2, G3 and all patients were 68,7%, 51,2% and 56,3% and progression-free rates were 89,3%, 73,2% and 78,1% respectively. For total observation period patients with G3 tumours presented also worse recurrence-free, and progression-free survival levels than patients with G2 tumours. In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for clinical features, the risk of recurrence and progression for G3 tumours was 1,65 and 2,42 fold higher than for G2 tumours. CONCLUSIONS It was shown that G3 T1 tumours are characterized by worse recurrence free and progression free survivals when compared to G2 cancers.
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15
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Äkäslompolo S, Drewelow P, Gao Y, Ali A, Bozhenkov S, Fellinger J, Geiger J, Hartmann D, Hathiramani D, Jakubowski M, McNeely P, Mohr S, Niemann H, Pisano F, Rust N, Puig Sitjes A, Sleczka M, Wolf R. Armoring of the Wendelstein 7-X divertor-observation immersion-tubes based on NBI fast-ion simulations. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Cannas B, Carcangiu S, Fanni A, Farley T, Militello F, Montisci A, Pisano F, Sias G, Walkden N. Towards an automatic filament detector with a Faster R-CNN on MAST-U. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Natta L, Mastronardi VM, Guido F, Algieri L, Puce S, Pisano F, Rizzi F, Pulli R, Qualtieri A, De Vittorio M. Soft and flexible piezoelectric smart patch for vascular graft monitoring based on Aluminum Nitride thin film. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8392. [PMID: 31182738 PMCID: PMC6557862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular grafts are artificial conduits properly designed to substitute a diseased blood vessel. However prosthetic fail can occur without premonitory symptoms. Continuous monitoring of the system can provide useful information not only to extend the graft's life but also to optimize the patient's therapy. In this respect, various techniques have been used, but all of them affect the mechanical properties of the artificial vessel. To overcome these drawbacks, an ultrathin and flexible smart patch based on piezoelectric Aluminum Nitride (AlN) integrated on the extraluminal surface of the prosthesis is presented. The sensor can be conformally wrapped around the external surface of the prosthesis. Its design, mechanical properties and dimensions are properly characterized and optimized in order to maximize performances and to avoid any interference with the graft structure during its activity. The sensorized graft is tested in vitro using a pulsatile recirculating flow system that mimics the physiological and pathological blood flow conditions. In this way, the ability of the device to measure real-time variations of the hemodynamics parameters has been tested. The obtained high sensitivity of 0.012 V Pa-1 m-2, joint to the inherent biocompatibility and non-toxicity of the used materials, demonstrates that the device can successfully monitor the prosthesis functioning under different conditions, opening new perspectives for real-time vascular graft surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Natta
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy.
- Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - V M Mastronardi
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
| | - F Guido
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
| | - L Algieri
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
- Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - S Puce
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
- Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - F Pisano
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
| | - F Rizzi
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
| | - R Pulli
- Università di Bari 'Aldo Moro', Department of vascular surgery, 70121, Bari, Italy
| | - A Qualtieri
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
| | - M De Vittorio
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010, Arnesano, Le, Italy
- Università del Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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Ali A, Niemann H, Jakubowski M, Pedersen TS, Neu R, Corre Y, Drewelow P, Sitjes AP, Wurden G, Pisano F, Cannas B, Gao Y, Ślęczka M. Initial results from the hotspot detection scheme for protection of plasma facing components in Wendelstein 7-X. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Pisano F, Cannas B, Jakubowski MW, Niemann H, Puig Sitjes A, Wurden GA. Towards a new image processing system at Wendelstein 7-X: From spatial calibration to characterization of thermal events. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:123503. [PMID: 30599560 DOI: 10.1063/1.5045560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is the most advanced fusion experiment in the stellarator line and is aimed at proving that the stellarator concept is suitable for a fusion reactor. One of the most important issues for fusion reactors is the monitoring of plasma facing components when exposed to very high heat loads, through the use of visible and infrared (IR) cameras. In this paper, a new image processing system for the analysis of the strike lines on the inboard limiters from the first W7-X experimental campaign is presented. This system builds a model of the IR cameras through the use of spatial calibration techniques, helping to characterize the strike lines by using the information given by real spatial coordinates of each pixel. The characterization of the strike lines is made in terms of position, size, and shape, after projecting the camera image in a 2D grid which tries to preserve the curvilinear surface distances between points. The description of the strike-line shape is made by means of the Fourier Descriptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pisano
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, Cagliari 09123, Italy
| | - B Cannas
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, Cagliari 09123, Italy
| | - M W Jakubowski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Wendelsteinstraße 1, Greifswald D-17491, Germany
| | - H Niemann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Wendelsteinstraße 1, Greifswald D-17491, Germany
| | - A Puig Sitjes
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Teilinstitut Greifswald, Wendelsteinstraße 1, Greifswald D-17491, Germany
| | - G A Wurden
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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20
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Jakubowski M, Drewelow P, Fellinger J, Puig Sitjes A, Wurden G, Ali A, Biedermann C, Cannas B, Chauvin D, Gamradt M, Greve H, Gao Y, Hathiramani D, König R, Lorenz A, Moncada V, Niemann H, Ngo TT, Pisano F, Sunn Pedersen T. Infrared imaging systems for wall protection in the W7-X stellarator (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10E116. [PMID: 30399980 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Wendelstein 7-X aims at quasi-steady state operation with up to 10 MW of heating power for 30 min. Power exhaust will be handled predominantly via 10 actively water cooled CFC (carbon-fiber-reinforced carbon) based divertor units designed to withstand power loads of 10 MW/m2 locally in steady state. If local loads exceed this value, a risk of local delamination of the CFC and failure of entire divertor modules arises. Infrared endoscopes to monitor all main plasma facing components are being prepared, and near real time software tools are under development to identify areas of excessive temperature rise, to distinguish them from non-critical events, and to trigger alarms. Tests with different cameras were made in the recent campaign. Long pulse operation enforces additional diagnostic design constraints: for example, the optics need to be thermally decoupled from the endoscope housing. In the upcoming experimental campaign, a graphite scraper element, in front of the island divertor throat, will be tested as a possible means to protect the divertor pumping gap edges during the transient discharge evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Drewelow
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Joris Fellinger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Glen Wurden
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Adnan Ali
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | - Didier Chauvin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marc Gamradt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Greve
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yu Gao
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, IEK-4, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dag Hathiramani
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ralf König
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Lorenz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Holger Niemann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
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Marra G, Gontero P, Alessio P, Oderda M, Palazzetti A, Pisano F, Battaglia A, Munegato S, Calleris G, Frea B, Munoz F, Filippini C, Linares E, Sanchez-Salas R, Goonewardene S, Dasgupta P, Cahill D, Challacombe B, Popert R, Gillatt D, Persad R, Palou J, Joniau S, Smelzo S, Piechaud T, De La Taille A, Roupret M, Albisinni S, Van Velthoven R, Morlacco A, Vidit S, Gandaglia G, Mottrie A, Smith J, Joshi S, Fiscus G, Berger A, Aron M, Van Der Poel H, Tilki D, Murphy D, Lawrentschuk N, Davis J, Gordon L, Karnes R. Is it worth to perform radical prostatectomy in a salvage setting? Results of a contemporary multicentre series of 395 cases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(18)31234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Heine W, Beckstette M, Heroven AK, Thiemann S, Heise U, Nuss AM, Pisano F, Strowig T, Dersch P. Loss of CNFY toxin-induced inflammation drives Yersinia pseudotuberculosis into persistency. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006858. [PMID: 29390040 PMCID: PMC5811047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal infections caused by enteric yersiniae can become persistent and complicated by relapsing enteritis and severe autoimmune disorders. To establish a persistent infection, the bacteria have to cope with hostile surroundings when they transmigrate through the intestinal epithelium and colonize underlying gut-associated lymphatic tissues. How the bacteria gain a foothold in the face of host immune responses is poorly understood. Here, we show that the CNFY toxin, which enhances translocation of the antiphagocytic Yop effectors, induces inflammatory responses. This results in extensive tissue destruction, alteration of the intestinal microbiota and bacterial clearance. Suppression of CNFY function, however, increases interferon-γ-mediated responses, comprising non-inflammatory antimicrobial activities and tolerogenesis. This process is accompanied by a preterm reprogramming of the pathogen's transcriptional response towards persistence, which gives the bacteria a fitness edge against host responses and facilitates establishment of a commensal-type life style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Heine
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Beckstette
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ann Kathrin Heroven
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sophie Thiemann
- Group Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Heise
- Group Mouse Pathology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aaron Mischa Nuss
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Group Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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23
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Puig Sitjes A, Jakubowski M, Ali A, Drewelow P, Moncada V, Pisano F, Ngo TT, Cannas B, Travere JM, Kocsis G, Szepesi T, Szabolics T, W7-X Team. Wendelstein 7-X Near Real-Time Image Diagnostic System for Plasma-Facing Components Protection. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1396860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Puig Sitjes
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Wendelsteinstraße 1, Greifswald 17491, Germany
| | - M. Jakubowski
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Wendelsteinstraße 1, Greifswald 17491, Germany
| | - A. Ali
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Wendelsteinstraße 1, Greifswald 17491, Germany
| | - P. Drewelow
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Wendelsteinstraße 1, Greifswald 17491, Germany
| | - V. Moncada
- ThermaDIAG, 100 Impasse des Houllières, ZA Le Pontet, Meyreuil F-13590, France
| | - F. Pisano
- University of Cagliari, Piazza d’Armi, Cagliari 09126, Italy
| | - T. T. Ngo
- CEA, IRFM, Saint Paul-lez-Durance F-13108, France
| | - B. Cannas
- University of Cagliari, Piazza d’Armi, Cagliari 09126, Italy
| | | | - G. Kocsis
- Wigner RCP, RMI, Konkoly Thege 29-33, Budapest H-1121, Hungary
| | - T. Szepesi
- Wigner RCP, RMI, Konkoly Thege 29-33, Budapest H-1121, Hungary
| | - T. Szabolics
- Wigner RCP, RMI, Konkoly Thege 29-33, Budapest H-1121, Hungary
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Pezoldt J, Pisano F, Heine W, Pasztoi M, Rosenheinrich M, Nuss AM, Pils MC, Prinz I, Förster R, Huehn J, Dersch P. Impact of CCR7 on T-Cell Response and Susceptibility to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infection. J Infect Dis 2017; 216:752-760. [PMID: 28329174 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To successfully limit pathogen dissemination, an immunological link between the entry tissue of the pathogen and the underlying secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) needs to be established to prime adaptive immune responses. Here, the prerequisite of CCR7 to mount host immune responses within SLOs during gastrointestinal Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection to limit pathogen spread was investigated. Methods Survival, bacterial dissemination, and intestinal and systemic pathology of wild-type and CCR7-/- mice were assessed and correlated to the presence of immune cell subsets and cytokine responses throughout the course of infection. Results The CCR7-/- mice show a significantly higher morbidity and are more prone to pathogen dissemination and intestinal and systemic inflammation during the oral route of infection. Significant impact of CCR7 deficiency over the course of infection on several immunological parameters were observed (ie, elevated neutrophil-dominated innate immune response in Peyer's patches, limited dendritic cell migration to mesenteric lymph nodes [mLNs] causing reduced T cell-mediated adaptive immune responses (in particular Th17-like responses) in mLNs). Conclusions Our work indicates that CCR7 is required to mount a robust immune response against enteropathogenic Y. pseudotuberculosis by promoting Th17-like responses in mLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marina C Pils
- Mouse Pathology, Animal Experimental Unit, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute for Immunology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute for Immunology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Mura M, Mehta A, Ramachandra C, Pisano F, Ciuffreda M, Crotti L, Schwartz P, Shim W, Gnecchi M. The KCNH2-IVS9-28A/G mutation causes aberrant isoform expression and hERG trafficking defect in cardiomyocytes derived from patients affected by long QT syndrome type 2. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Pasztoi M, Bonifacius A, Pezoldt J, Kulkarni D, Niemz J, Yang J, Teich R, Hajek J, Pisano F, Rohde M, Dersch P, Huehn J. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis supports Th17 differentiation and limits de novo regulatory T cell induction by directly interfering with T cell receptor signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2839-2850. [PMID: 28378044 PMCID: PMC5491567 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive immunity critically contributes to control acute infection with enteropathogenic Yersinia pseudotuberculosis; however, the role of CD4+ T cell subsets in establishing infection and allowing pathogen persistence remains elusive. Here, we assessed the modulatory capacity of Y. pseudotuberculosis on CD4+ T cell differentiation. Using in vivo assays, we report that infection with Y. pseudotuberculosis resulted in enhanced priming of IL-17-producing T cells (Th17 cells), whereas induction of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) was severely disrupted in gut-draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs), in line with altered frequencies of tolerogenic and proinflammatory dendritic cell (DC) subsets within mLNs. Additionally, by using a DC-free in vitro system, we could demonstrate that Y. pseudotuberculosis can directly modulate T cell receptor (TCR) downstream signaling within naïve CD4+ T cells and Tregs via injection of effector molecules through the type III secretion system, thereby affecting their functional properties. Importantly, modulation of naïve CD4+ T cells by Y. pseudotuberculosis resulted in an enhanced Th17 differentiation and decreased induction of Foxp3+ Tregs in vitro. These findings shed light to the adjustment of the Th17-Treg axis in response to acute Y. pseudotuberculosis infection and highlight the direct modulation of CD4+ T cell subsets by altering their TCR downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pasztoi
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Agnes Bonifacius
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Joern Pezoldt
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Devesha Kulkarni
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Jana Niemz
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Juhao Yang
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - René Teich
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Janina Hajek
- Department Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Department Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Department Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
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Soria F, Rorato L, Pisano F, Allasia M, Pecoraro A, Filippini C, Zitella A, Gontero P. Optimal diagnostic performance of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and Storz Professional Image Enhancement System (SPIES) is independent from surgeon experience. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(17)30718-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nuss AM, Schuster F, Roselius L, Klein J, Bücker R, Herbst K, Heroven AK, Pisano F, Wittmann C, Münch R, Müller J, Jahn D, Dersch P. A Precise Temperature-Responsive Bistable Switch Controlling Yersinia Virulence. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1006091. [PMID: 28006011 PMCID: PMC5179001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Different biomolecules have been identified in bacterial pathogens that sense changes in temperature and trigger expression of virulence programs upon host entry. However, the dynamics and quantitative outcome of this response in individual cells of a population, and how this influences pathogenicity are unknown. Here, we address these questions using a thermosensing virulence regulator of an intestinal pathogen (RovA of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis) as a model. We reveal that this regulator is part of a novel thermoresponsive bistable switch, which leads to high- and low-invasive subpopulations within a narrow temperature range. The temperature range in which bistability is observed is defined by the degradation and synthesis rate of the regulator, and is further adjustable via a nutrient-responsive regulator. The thermoresponsive switch is also characterized by a hysteretic behavior in which activation and deactivation occurred on vastly different time scales. Mathematical modeling accurately mirrored the experimental behavior and predicted that the thermoresponsiveness of this sophisticated bistable switch is mainly determined by the thermo-triggered increase of RovA proteolysis. We further observed RovA ON and OFF subpopulations of Y. pseudotuberculosis in the Peyer’s patches and caecum of infected mice, and that changes in the RovA ON/OFF cell ratio reduce tissue colonization and overall virulence. This points to a bet-hedging strategy in which the thermoresponsive bistable switch plays a key role in adapting the bacteria to the fluctuating conditions encountered as they pass through the host’s intestinal epithelium and suggests novel strategies for the development of antimicrobial therapies. The ability of pathogens to sense temperature changes when they enter their mammalian hosts from the environment is crucial to optimize their fitness and adjust expression of their virulence programs. Until now it has been assumed that all cells within a population participate in the thermo-triggered adaptive response. Here, we show that a small subpopulation of an enteric pathogen does not follow thermo-induced reprogramming when the bacteria pass the intestinal epithelial layer. Observed heterogeneity is promoted by a new type of bistable switch, implicating a highly precise, thermoresponsive control element. Moreover, we demonstrate that this regulatory implement is important for virulence as it prepares the pathogen for sudden, unpredictable fluctuations encountered during host entry and exit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Mischa Nuss
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Franziska Schuster
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Louisa Roselius
- Institute of Microbiology, Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Johannes Klein
- Institute of Microbiology, Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - René Bücker
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katharina Herbst
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ann Kathrin Heroven
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittmann
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Richard Münch
- Institute of Microbiology, Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Johannes Müller
- Institute of Mathematics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Jahn
- Institute of Microbiology, Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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29
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Ianzano L, Bonomo S, Cialdella A, Pisano F, Cerrito M, Carola M, McLean C, Romano G, Giovannoni R, Agostini M, Nitti D, Voest E, Helin K, Lavitrano M, Grassilli E. p65BTK targeting restores the apoptotic response to chemotherapy of p53-null drug-resistant colon cancer cells. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)33016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Krychowiak M, Adnan A, Alonso A, Andreeva T, Baldzuhn J, Barbui T, Beurskens M, Biel W, Biedermann C, Blackwell BD, Bosch HS, Bozhenkov S, Brakel R, Bräuer T, Brotas de Carvalho B, Burhenn R, Buttenschön B, Cappa A, Cseh G, Czarnecka A, Dinklage A, Drews P, Dzikowicka A, Effenberg F, Endler M, Erckmann V, Estrada T, Ford O, Fornal T, Frerichs H, Fuchert G, Geiger J, Grulke O, Harris JH, Hartfuß HJ, Hartmann D, Hathiramani D, Hirsch M, Höfel U, Jabłoński S, Jakubowski MW, Kaczmarczyk J, Klinger T, Klose S, Knauer J, Kocsis G, König R, Kornejew P, Krämer-Flecken A, Krawczyk N, Kremeyer T, Książek I, Kubkowska M, Langenberg A, Laqua HP, Laux M, Lazerson S, Liang Y, Liu SC, Lorenz A, Marchuk AO, Marsen S, Moncada V, Naujoks D, Neilson H, Neubauer O, Neuner U, Niemann H, Oosterbeek JW, Otte M, Pablant N, Pasch E, Sunn Pedersen T, Pisano F, Rahbarnia K, Ryć L, Schmitz O, Schmuck S, Schneider W, Schröder T, Schuhmacher H, Schweer B, Standley B, Stange T, Stephey L, Svensson J, Szabolics T, Szepesi T, Thomsen H, Travere JM, Trimino Mora H, Tsuchiya H, Weir GM, Wenzel U, Werner A, Wiegel B, Windisch T, Wolf R, Wurden GA, Zhang D, Zimbal A, Zoletnik S. Overview of diagnostic performance and results for the first operation phase in Wendelstein 7-X (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D304. [PMID: 27910389 DOI: 10.1063/1.4964376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wendelstein 7-X, a superconducting optimized stellarator built in Greifswald/Germany, started its first plasmas with the last closed flux surface (LCFS) defined by 5 uncooled graphite limiters in December 2015. At the end of the 10 weeks long experimental campaign (OP1.1) more than 20 independent diagnostic systems were in operation, allowing detailed studies of many interesting plasma phenomena. For example, fast neutral gas manometers supported by video cameras (including one fast-frame camera with frame rates of tens of kHz) as well as visible cameras with different interference filters, with field of views covering all ten half-modules of the stellarator, discovered a MARFE-like radiation zone on the inboard side of machine module 4. This structure is presumably triggered by an inadvertent plasma-wall interaction in module 4 resulting in a high impurity influx that terminates some discharges by radiation cooling. The main plasma parameters achieved in OP1.1 exceeded predicted values in discharges of a length reaching 6 s. Although OP1.1 is characterized by short pulses, many of the diagnostics are already designed for quasi-steady state operation of 30 min discharges heated at 10 MW of ECRH. An overview of diagnostic performance for OP1.1 is given, including some highlights from the physics campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Krychowiak
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Adnan
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Alonso
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Andreeva
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Baldzuhn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Barbui
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Beurskens
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - W Biel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Biedermann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B D Blackwell
- Australian National University, Acton ACT, 2601 Canberra, Australia
| | - H S Bosch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Bozhenkov
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Brakel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Bräuer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Brotas de Carvalho
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusao Nuclear, Avenue Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Burhenn
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Buttenschön
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Cappa
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Cseh
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Czarnecka
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Dinklage
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Drews
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Dzikowicka
- University of Szczecin, al. Papieża Jana Pawła II 22A, Szczecin, Poland
| | - F Effenberg
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Endler
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Erckmann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Estrada
- Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT, Avenida Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - O Ford
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Fornal
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Frerichs
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G Fuchert
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Geiger
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - O Grulke
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J H Harris
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - H J Hartfuß
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Hartmann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Hathiramani
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Hirsch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Höfel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Jabłoński
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M W Jakubowski
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Kaczmarczyk
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Klinger
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Klose
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Knauer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Kocsis
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - R König
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Kornejew
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Krämer-Flecken
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - N Krawczyk
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kremeyer
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I Książek
- Opole University, pl. Kopernika 11a, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - M Kubkowska
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Langenberg
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H P Laqua
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Laux
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Lazerson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Y Liang
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S C Liu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A Lorenz
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A O Marchuk
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - S Marsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Moncada
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - D Naujoks
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Neilson
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - O Neubauer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U Neuner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Niemann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J W Oosterbeek
- Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M Otte
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - N Pablant
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - E Pasch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Sunn Pedersen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - F Pisano
- University of Cagliari, Via Università, 40, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - K Rahbarnia
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - L Ryć
- Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery Street 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland
| | - O Schmitz
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Schmuck
- Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - W Schneider
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Schröder
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Schuhmacher
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - B Schweer
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institut für Energie- und Klimaforschung - Plasmaphysik, Partner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster (TEC), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B Standley
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Stange
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - L Stephey
- University of Wisconsin, Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Svensson
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Szabolics
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Szepesi
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Thomsen
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J-M Travere
- CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - H Trimino Mora
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Tsuchiya
- NIFS National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - G M Weir
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - U Wenzel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Werner
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Wiegel
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T Windisch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R Wolf
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - G A Wurden
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, 17491 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Zimbal
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S Zoletnik
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Konkoly Thege 29-33, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
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31
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Grassilli E, Pisano F, Cialdella A, Bonomo S, Missaglia C, Cerrito MG, Masiero L, Ianzano L, Giordano F, Cicirelli V, Narloch R, D'Amato F, Noli B, Ferri GL, Leone BE, Stanta G, Bonin S, Helin K, Giovannoni R, Lavitrano M. A novel oncogenic BTK isoform is overexpressed in colon cancers and required for RAS-mediated transformation. Oncogene 2016; 35:4368-78. [PMID: 26804170 PMCID: PMC4994017 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is essential for B-cell proliferation/differentiation and it is generally believed that its expression and function are limited to bone marrow-derived cells. Here, we report the identification and characterization of p65BTK, a novel isoform abundantly expressed in colon carcinoma cell lines and tumour tissue samples. p65BTK protein is expressed, through heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK)-dependent and internal ribosome entry site-driven translation, from a transcript containing an alternative first exon in the 5'-untranslated region, and is post-transcriptionally regulated, via hnRNPK, by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. p65BTK is endowed with strong transforming activity that depends on active signal-regulated protein kinases-1/2 (ERK1/2) and its inhibition abolishes RAS transforming activity. Accordingly, p65BTK overexpression in colon cancer tissues correlates with ERK1/2 activation. Moreover, p65BTK inhibition affects growth and survival of colon cancer cells. Our data reveal that BTK, via p65BTK expression, is a novel and powerful oncogene acting downstream of the RAS/MAPK pathway and suggest that its targeting may be a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Grassilli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- BiOnSil srl, Monza, Italy
| | - F Pisano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- BiOnSil srl, Monza, Italy
| | - A Cialdella
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- BiOnSil srl, Monza, Italy
| | - S Bonomo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C Missaglia
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - M G Cerrito
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - L Masiero
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - L Ianzano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F Giordano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - V Cicirelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - R Narloch
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - F D'Amato
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - B Noli
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - G L Ferri
- NEF-Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - B E Leone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - G Stanta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Bonin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - K Helin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Epigenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Stem Cell Center (Danstem), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R Giovannoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - M Lavitrano
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Saccà A, Pastore AL, Roscigno M, Naspro R, Pellucchi F, Fuschi A, Maruccia S, Territo A, Pisano F, Zanga L, Capitanio E, Carbone A, Fusi F, Chinaglia D, Da Pozzo LF. Conventional testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and non-obstructive azoospermia: is there still a chance in the era of microdissection TESE? Results from a single non-academic community hospital. Andrology 2016; 4:425-9. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Saccà
- Department of Urology; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - A. L. Pastore
- Urology Unit; Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies; Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine; Sapienza University of Rome; Latina Italy
| | - M. Roscigno
- Department of Urology; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - R. Naspro
- Department of Urology; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - F. Pellucchi
- Department of Urology; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - A. Fuschi
- Urology Unit; Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies; Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine; Sapienza University of Rome; Latina Italy
| | - S. Maruccia
- Department of Urology; IRCSS Policlinico San Donato; Milano Italy
| | - A. Territo
- Department of Urology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - F. Pisano
- Department of Urology; AO Città della Salute e della Scienza; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - L. Zanga
- Department of Maternal and Pediatric; USSD Centro PMA; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - E. Capitanio
- Department of Maternal and Pediatric; USSD Centro PMA; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - A. Carbone
- Urology Unit; Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies; Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine; Sapienza University of Rome; Latina Italy
| | - F. Fusi
- Department of Maternal and Pediatric; USSD Centro PMA; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - D. Chinaglia
- Department of Pathology; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
| | - L. F. Da Pozzo
- Department of Urology; ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII; Bergamo Italy
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Colombo R, Sterpi I, Mazzone A, Delconte C, Pisano F. Improving proprioceptive deficits after stroke through robot-assisted training of the upper limb: a pilot case report study. Neurocase 2016; 22:191-200. [PMID: 26565132 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2015.1109667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a conventional robot-assisted therapy of the upper limb was able to improve proprioception and motor recovery of an individual after stroke who exhibited proprioceptive deficits. After robotic sensorimotor training, significant changes were observed in kinematic performance variables. Two quantitative parameters evaluating position sense improved after training. Range of motion during shoulder and wrist flexion improved, but only wrist flexion remained improved at 3-month follow-up. These preliminary results suggest that intensive robot-aided rehabilitation may play an important role in the recovery of sensory function. However, further studies are required to confirm these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Colombo
- a Service of Bioengineering , "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS , Pavia , Italy.,b Service of Bioengineering , "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS , Veruno , NO , Italy
| | - I Sterpi
- a Service of Bioengineering , "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS , Pavia , Italy
| | - A Mazzone
- b Service of Bioengineering , "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS , Veruno , NO , Italy
| | - C Delconte
- c Neurologic Rehabilitation Division , "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS , Veruno , NO , Italy
| | - F Pisano
- c Neurologic Rehabilitation Division , "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS , Veruno , NO , Italy
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Grassilli E, Pisano F, Cialdella A, Bonomo S, Missaglia C, Cerrito MG, Masiero L, Ianzano L, Narloch R, D'Amato F, Noli B, Ferri GL, Leone BE, Stanta G, Bonin S, Helin K, Giovannoni R, Lavitrano M. Abstract B121: A novel oncogenic BTK isoform is overexpressed in colon cancers and required for RAS-mediated transformation. Mol Cancer Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-15-b121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
It is known that Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is essential for B-cell proliferation/differentiation and it is generally believed that its expression and function are limited to bone marrow-derived cells. Here, we report the identification and characterization of p65BTK, a novel oncogenic isoform expressed in colon carcinomas.
Standard procedures were used for cloning the full length p65BTK-encoding mRNA and raise anti-p65BTK specific polyclonal antibodies. Quantitative PCR, western blot, RNA immunoprecipitation, silencing experiments and fluorescence assay upon transfection with bi-cistronic vectors were used to demonstrate post-transcriptional regulation of p65BTK expression. Immunohystochemistry was employed to study p65BTK expression in colon cancer patients specimens. Soft agar assay and foci assay were carried out to assess p65BTK oncogenic properties. Cell growth, cell viability and colony assays were performed to study the effects of p65BTK inhibition (by a specific kinase inhibitor) on colon cancer cells biology.
We found that p65BTK differs from the already known 77 kDa isoform for the lack of the N-terminal PH domain and is translated - through an IRES-dependent mechanism -from a transcript containing an alternative first exon in the 5'UTR. Moreover, p65BTK mRNA translation requires phosho-hnRNPK binding to its cognate sites (located in the alternative first exon) and is post-transcriptionally regulated, via hnRNPK, by the MAPK pathway. We demonstrate that p65BTK is endowed with strong transforming activity that depends on active ERK1/2 and its inhibition abolishes RAS transforming activity. Accordingly, p65BTK overexpression in colon cancer tissues correlates with ERK1/2 activation. Finally we show that p65BTK inhibition affects growth and survival of colon cancer cells.
In conclusion, our data reveal that BTK, via p65BTK expression, is a novel and powerful oncogene acting downstream of the RAS/MAPK pathway and suggest that its targeting may be a promising therapeutic approach.
Citation Format: Emanuela Grassilli, Fabio Pisano, Annamaria Cialdella, Sara Bonomo, Carola Missaglia, Maria Grazia Cerrito, Laura Masiero, Leonarda Ianzano, Robert Narloch, Filomena D'Amato, Barbara Noli, Gian Luca Ferri, Biagio E. Leone, Giorgio Stanta, Serena Bonin, Kristian Helin, Roberto Giovannoni, Marialuisa Lavitrano. A novel oncogenic BTK isoform is overexpressed in colon cancers and required for RAS-mediated transformation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B121.
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Rosenheinrich M, Heine W, Schmühl CM, Pisano F, Dersch P. Natural Killer Cells Mediate Protection against Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in the Mesenteric Lymph Nodes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136290. [PMID: 26296209 PMCID: PMC4546584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells play a crucial role in the initial defense against bacterial pathogens. The crosstalk between host cells infected with intracellular pathogens and NK cells has been studied intensively, but not much attention has been given to characterize the role of NK cells in the response to extracellular bacterial pathogens such as yersiniae. In this study we used antibody-mediated NK cell depletion to address the importance of this immune cell type in controlling a Y. pseudotuberculosis infection. Analysis of the bacterial counts was used to follow the infection and flow cytometry was performed to characterize the composition and dynamic of immune cells. Depletion of NK cells led to higher bacterial loads within the mesenteric lymph nodes. We further show that in particular CD11b+ CD27+ NK cells which express higher levels of the activation marker CD69 increase within the mesenteric lymph nodes during a Y. pseudotuberculosis infection. Moreover, in response to the activation NK cells secrete higher levels of IFNy, which in turn triggers the production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα. These results suggest, that NK cells aid in the clearance of Y. pseudotuberculosis infections mainly by triggering the expression of proinflammatory cytokines manipulating the host immune response.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/microbiology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Immunophenotyping
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/microbiology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/microbiology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphocyte Count
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/microbiology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Mesentery/immunology
- Mesentery/microbiology
- Mesentery/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/microbiology
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/microbiology
- Spleen/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/microbiology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/pathology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis/immunology
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections/immunology
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections/microbiology
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Rosenheinrich
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wiebke Heine
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carina M. Schmühl
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Pisano F, Falcone M, Abbona A, Oderda M, Soria F, Peraldo F, Marson F, Barale M, Fiorito C, Gurioli A, Frea B, Gontero P. The importance of psychosexual counselling in the re-establishment of organic and erotic functions after penile prosthesis implantation. Int J Impot Res 2015; 27:197-200. [DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2015.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pisano F, Witjes J, Dalbagni G, Shariat S, Joniau S, Serretta V, Palou J, Di Stasi S, Larré S, Colombo R, Babjuk M, Malmstrom P, Irani J, Malats N, Baniel J, Cai T, Cha E, Ardelt P, Varkarakis J, Bartoletti R, Spahn M, Pisano F, Gontero P, Sylvester R. 948 The impact of different BCG strains on outcome in a large cohort of T1G3 patients treated with BCG. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(15)60936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cusmano I, Sterpi I, Mazzone A, Ramat S, Delconte C, Pisano F, Colombo R. Evaluation of upper limb sense of position in healthy individuals and patients after stroke. J Healthc Eng 2014; 5:145-62. [PMID: 24918181 DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.5.2.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to develop and evaluate reliability of a quantitative assessment tool for upper limb sense of position on the horizontal plane. We evaluated 15 healthy individuals (controls) and 9 stroke patients. A robotic device passively moved one arm of the blindfolded participant who had to actively move his/her opposite hand to the mirror location in the workspace. Upper-limb's position was evaluated by a digital camera. The position of the passive hand was compared with the active hand's 'mirror' position. Performance metrics were then computed to measure the mean absolute errors, error variability, spatial contraction/expansion, and systematic shifts. No significant differences were observed between dominant and non-dominant active arms of controls. All performance parameters of the post-stroke group differed significantly from those of controls. This tool can provide a quantitative measure of upper limb sense of position, therefore allowing detection of changes due to rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Cusmano
- IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - I Sterpi
- IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Mazzone
- IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - S Ramat
- Department of Computer and Systems Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Delconte
- IRCCS, Division of Neurology, "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - F Pisano
- IRCCS, Division of Neurology, "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - R Colombo
- IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, Pavia, Italy IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, Veruno (NO), Italy
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Colombo R, Sterpi I, Mazzone A, Delconte C, Pisano F. Robot-aided neurorehabilitation in sub-acute and chronic stroke: does spontaneous recovery have a limited impact on outcome? NeuroRehabilitation 2014; 33:621-9. [PMID: 24029005 DOI: 10.3233/nre-131002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robotic neurorehabilitation, thanks to high dosage/intensity training protocols, has the potential for a greater impact on impairment. OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze how time since the acute event may influence the motor recovery process during robot-assisted rehabilitation of the upper limb. METHODS A total of 41 patients after stroke were enrolled: 20 in subacute phase, i.e. ≤ 6 months elapsed since their unilateral cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and 21 at chronic stage, i.e. > 6 months since CVA. All subjects underwent 30 minutes of robot-aided rehabilitation twice a day, 5 days a week for at least three weeks of training. Patients were evaluated at the start and end of treatment using the Fugl-Meyer and Modified Ashworth clinical scales and by a set of robot measured kinematic parameters. The time interval from stroke was considered as a grouping factor to analyze its impact on time course of recovery. RESULTS After training both groups significantly improved their impairment (F = 44.25, p < 0.001) but sub-acute patients showed a greater improvement on the Fugl-Meyer scale than chronic patients. The time course of recovery of the kinematic variables showed higher time constants of motor improvement in the sub-acute than chronic group, but they were one order lower than spontaneous recovery time constants. CONCLUSIONS Spontaneous recovery seems to have a limited impact on the improvement of sub-acute patients, most of their changes being likely due to re-learning during rehabilitation. In addition, a longer recovery time was required to maximize outcome in sub-acute than in chronic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Colombo
- "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, Pavia, Italy "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - I Sterpi
- "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Mazzone
- "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS, Service of Bioengineering, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - C Delconte
- "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS, Division of Neurologic Rehabilitation, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - F Pisano
- "Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation, IRCCS, Division of Neurologic Rehabilitation, Veruno (NO), Italy
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Chiò A, Battistini S, Calvo A, Caponnetto C, Conforti FL, Corbo M, Giannini F, Mandrioli J, Mora G, Sabatelli M, Ajmone C, Mastro E, Pain D, Mandich P, Penco S, Restagno G, Zollino M, Surbone A, Lunetta C, Pintor GL, Salvi F, Bartolomei I, Quattrone A, Gambardella A, Logroscino G, Simone I, Pisano F, Spataro R, La Bella V, Colletti T, Mancardi G, Origone P, Sola P, Borghero G, Marrosu F, Marrosu MG, Murru MR, Floris G, Cannas A, Piras V, Costantino E, Pani C, Sotgiu MA, Pugliatti M, Parish LD, Cossu P, Ticca A, Rodolico C, Portaro S, Ricci C, Moglia C, Ossola I, Brunetti M, Barberis M, Canosa A, Cammarosano S, Bertuzzo D, Fuda G, Ilardi A, Manera U, Pastore I, Sproviero W, Logullo F, Tanel R, Ajmone C, Mastro E, Pain D, Mandich P, Penco S, Restagno G, Zollino M, Surbone A. Genetic counselling in ALS: facts, uncertainties and clinical suggestions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2014; 85:478-85. [PMID: 23833266 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-305546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The clinical approach to patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has been largely modified by the identification of novel genes, the detection of gene mutations in apparently sporadic patients, and the discovery of the strict genetic and clinical relation between ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). As a consequence, clinicians are increasingly facing the dilemma on how to handle genetic counselling and testing both for ALS patients and their relatives. On the basis of existing literature on genetics of ALS and of other late-onset life-threatening disorders, we propose clinical suggestions to enable neurologists to provide optimal clinical and genetic counselling to patients and families. Genetic testing should be offered to ALS patients who have a first-degree or second-degree relative with ALS, FTD or both, and should be discussed with, but not offered to, all other ALS patients, with special emphasis on its major uncertainties. Presently, genetic testing should not be proposed to asymptomatic at-risk subjects, unless they request it or are enrolled in research programmes. Genetic counselling in ALS should take into account the uncertainties about the pathogenicity and penetrance of some genetic mutations; the possible presence of mutations of different genes in the same individual; the poor genotypic/phenotypic correlation in most ALS genes; and the phenotypic pleiotropy of some genes. Though psychological, social and ethical implications of genetic testing are still relatively unexplored in ALS, we recommend multidisciplinary counselling that addresses all relevant issues, including disclosure of tests results to family members and the risk for genetic discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Chiò
- Department of Neuroscience, ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini', University of Torino, Torino, and Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza, , Torino, Italy
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Pisano F, Mezzani A, Delconte C, Godi M, Arcolin I, Nardone A. Three weeks of cycle ergometer versus treadmill training for patients with Parkinson's disease: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nuss AM, Schuster F, Kathrin Heroven A, Heine W, Pisano F, Dersch P. A direct link between the global regulator PhoP and the Csr regulon in Y. pseudotuberculosis through the small regulatory RNA CsrC. RNA Biol 2014; 11:580-93. [PMID: 24786463 DOI: 10.4161/rna.28676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we investigated the influence of the global response regulator PhoP on the complex regulatory cascade controlling expression of early stage virulence genes of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis via the virulence regulator RovA. Our analysis revealed the following novel features: (1) PhoP activates expression of the CsrC RNA in Y. pseudotuberculosis, leading to activation of RovA synthesis through the CsrABC-RovM cascade, (2) activation of csrC transcription is direct and PhoP is shown to bind to two separate PhoP box-like sites, (3) PhoP-mediated activation results in transcription from two different promoters closely downstream of the PhoP binding sites, leading to two distinct CsrC RNAs, and (4) the stability of the CsrC RNAs differs significantly between the Y. pseudotuberculosis strains YPIII and IP32953 due to a 20 nucleotides insertion in CsrC(IP32953), which renders the transcript more susceptible to degradation. In summary, our study showed that PhoP-mediated influence on the regulatory cascade controlling the Csr system and RovA in Y. pseudotuberculosis varies within the species, suggesting that the Csr system is a focal point to readjust and adapt the genus to different hosts and reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Nuss
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Franziska Schuster
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ann Kathrin Heroven
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wiebke Heine
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research; Braunschweig, Germany
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Carotenuto Y, Dattolo E, Lauritano C, Pisano F, Sanges R, Miralto A, Procaccini G, Ianora A. Insights into the transcriptome of the marine copepod Calanus helgolandicus feeding on the oxylipin-producing diatom Skeletonema marinoi. Harmful Algae 2014; 31:153-162. [PMID: 28040104 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms dominate productive regions in the oceans and have traditionally been regarded as sustaining the marine food chain to top consumers and fisheries. However, many of these unicellular algae produce cytotoxic oxylipins that impair reproductive and developmental processes in their main grazers, crustacean copepods. The molecular mode of action of diatoms and diatom oxylipins on copepods is still unclear. In the present study we generated two Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) libraries of the copepod Calanus helgolandicus feeding on the oxylipin-producing diatom Skeletonema marinoi and the cryptophyte Rhodomonas baltica as a control, using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH). Our aim was to investigate differences in the transcriptome between females fed toxic and non-toxic food and identify differentially expressed genes and biological processes targeted by this diatom. We produced 947 high quality ESTs from both libraries, 475 of which were functionally annotated and deposited in GenBank. Clustering and assembling of ESTs resulted in 376 unique transcripts, 200 of which were functionally annotated. Functional enirchment analysis between the two SSH libraries showed that ESTs belonging to biological processes such as response to stimuli, signal transduction, and protein folding were significantly over-expressed in the S. marinoi-fed C. helgolandicus compared to R. baltica-fed C. helgolandicus library. These findings were confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis. In summary, 2 days of feeding on S. marinoi activated a generalized Cellular Stress Response (CSR) in C. helgolandicus, by over-expressing genes of molecular chaperones and signal transduction pathways that protect the copepod from the immediate effects of the diatom diet. Our results provide insights into the response of copepods to a harmful diatom diet at the transcriptome level, supporting the hypothesis that diatom oxylipins elicit a stress response in the receiving organism. They also increase the genomic resources for this copepod species, whose importance could become ever more relevant for pelagic ecosystem functioning in European waters due to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fabio Pisano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Remo Sanges
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Miralto
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
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Schweer J, Kulkarni D, Kochut A, Pezoldt J, Pisano F, Pils MC, Genth H, Huehn J, Dersch P. The cytotoxic necrotizing factor of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (CNFY) enhances inflammation and Yop delivery during infection by activation of Rho GTPases. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003746. [PMID: 24244167 PMCID: PMC3820761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Some isolates of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis produce the cytotoxic necrotizing factor (CNFY), but the functional consequences of this toxin for host-pathogen interactions during the infection are unknown. In the present study we show that CNFY has a strong influence on virulence. We demonstrate that the CNFY toxin is thermo-regulated and highly expressed in all colonized lymphatic tissues and organs of orally infected mice. Most strikingly, we found that a cnfY knock-out variant of a naturally toxin-expressing Y. pseudotuberculosis isolate is strongly impaired in its ability to disseminate into the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and spleen, and has fully lost its lethality. The CNFY toxin contributes significantly to the induction of acute inflammatory responses and to the formation of necrotic areas in infected tissues. The analysis of the host immune response demonstrated that presence of CNFY leads to a strong reduction of professional phagocytes and natural killer cells in particular in the spleen, whereas loss of the toxin allows efficient tissue infiltration of these immune cells and rapid killing of the pathogen. Addition of purified CNFY triggers formation of actin-rich membrane ruffles and filopodia, which correlates with the activation of the Rho GTPases, RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42. The analysis of type III effector delivery into epithelial and immune cells in vitro and during the course of the infection further demonstrated that CNFY enhances the Yop translocation process and supports a role for the toxin in the suppression of the antibacterial host response. In summary, we highlight the importance of CNFY for pathogenicity by showing that this toxin modulates inflammatory responses, protects the bacteria from attacks of innate immune effectors and enhances the severity of a Yersinia infection. Various toxins and effector proteins of bacterial pathogens have been found to manipulate eukaryotic cell machineries to promote persistence and proliferation within their hosts. Many of these virulence factors target small Rho GTPases, but their role in pathogenesis is often unknown. Here, we addressed the expression and functional consequences of the CNFY toxin found in some isolates of Y. pseudotuberculosis. We found that CNFY besides modulating the cell cytoskeleton by activation of the GTPases RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42, contributes to increased inflammation and tissue damage. Moreover, CNFY increases the ability of Yersinia to prevent the attack of the immune system, by enhancing the delivery of antiphagocytic and cytotoxic effectors into professional phagocytes. Our findings provide the first insights into the multi-functional action and severe consequences of the CNFY toxin on the inflammatory response and disease-associated tissue damage during the natural course of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Schweer
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Devesha Kulkarni
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annika Kochut
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Joern Pezoldt
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fabio Pisano
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marina C. Pils
- Mouse Pathology, Animal Experimental Unit, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Harald Genth
- Institute for Toxicology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Pisano F, Mura M, Cervio E, Danieli P, Malpasso G, Ciuffreda MC, Gnecchi M. Overexpression of growth factors to improve cardiac differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from the amniotic membrane. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht310.p5692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Pisano F, Cervio E, Altomare C, Barile L, Copes F, Malpasso G, Ciuffreda MC, Zaza A, Gnecchi M. MicroRNA133 and microRNA499 exert synergistic effect on cardiac differentiation. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Mura M, Pisano F, Malpasso G, Ciuffreda C, Danieli P, Cervio E, Gnecchi M. Novel IRES-based lentivirus co-expressing IGF1 and BMP2 enhances both cardiomyogenesis and cytoprotection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Grassilli E, Narloch R, Federzoni E, Ianzano L, Pisano F, Giovannoni R, Romano G, Masiero L, Leone BE, Bonin S, Donada M, Stanta G, Helin K, Lavitrano M. Inhibition of GSK3B bypass drug resistance of p53-null colon carcinomas by enabling necroptosis in response to chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3820-31. [PMID: 23729362 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evasion from chemotherapy-induced apoptosis due to p53 loss strongly contributes to drug resistance. Identification of specific targets for the treatment of drug-resistant p53-null tumors would therefore increase the effectiveness of cancer therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN By using a kinase-directed short hairpin RNA library and HCT116p53KO drug-resistant colon carcinoma cells, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) was identified as a target whose silencing bypasses drug resistance due to loss of p53. p53-null colon cancer cell lines with different sets of mutations were used to validate the role of GSK3B in sustaining resistance and to characterize cell death mechanisms triggered by chemotherapy when GSK3B is silenced. In vivo xenograft studies were conducted to confirm resensitization of drug-resistant cells to chemotherapy upon GSK3 inhibition. Colon cancer samples from a cohort of 50 chemotherapy-treated stage II patients were analyzed for active GSK3B expression. RESULTS Downregulation of GSK3B in various drug-resistant p53-null colon cancer cell lines abolished cell viability and colony growth after drug addition without affecting cell proliferation or cell cycle in untreated cells. Cell death of 5-fluorouracil (5FU)-treated p53-null GSK3B-silenced colon carcinoma cells occurred via PARP1-dependent and AIF-mediated but RIP1-independent necroptosis. In vivo studies showed that drug-resistant xenograft tumor mass was significantly reduced only when 5FU was given after GSK3B inhibition. Tissue microarray analysis of colon carcinoma samples from 5FU-treated patients revealed that GSK3B is significantly more activated in drug-resistant versus responsive patients. CONCLUSIONS Targeting GSK3B, in combination with chemotherapy, may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of chemotherapy-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Grassilli
- Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
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Heroven AK, Sest M, Pisano F, Scheb-Wetzel M, Steinmann R, Böhme K, Klein J, Münch R, Schomburg D, Dersch P. Crp induces switching of the CsrB and CsrC RNAs in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and links nutritional status to virulence. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2012; 2:158. [PMID: 23251905 PMCID: PMC3523269 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonization of the intestinal tract and dissemination into deeper tissues by the enteric pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis demands expression of a special set of virulence factors important for the initiation and the persistence of the infection. In this study we demonstrate that many virulence-associated functions are coregulated with the carbohydrate metabolism. This link is mediated by the carbon storage regulator (Csr) system, including the regulatory RNAs CsrB and CsrC, and the cAMP receptor protein (Crp), which both control virulence gene expression in response to the nutrient composition of the medium. Here, we show that Crp regulates the synthesis of both Csr RNAs in an opposite manner. A loss of the crp gene resulted in a strong upregulation of CsrB synthesis, whereas CsrC levels were strongly reduced leading to downregulation of the virulence regulator RovA. Switching of the Csr RNA involves Crp-mediated repression of the response regulator UvrY which activates csrB transcription. To elucidate the regulatory links between virulence and carbon metabolism, we performed comparative metabolome, transcriptome, and phenotypic microarray analyses and found that Crp promotes oxidative catabolism of many different carbon sources, whereas fermentative patterns of metabolism are favored when crp is deleted. Mouse infection experiments further demonstrated that Crp is pivotal for a successful Y. pseudotuberculosis infection. In summary, placement of the Csr system and important virulence factors under control of Crp enables this pathogen to link its nutritional status to virulence in order to optimize biological fitness and infection efficiency through the infectious life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Kathrin Heroven
- Abteilung Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung Braunschweig, Germany
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Colombo R, Sterpi I, Mazzone A, Pisano F, Delconte C. Modeling upper limb clinical scales by robot-measured performance parameters. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot 2012; 2011:5975401. [PMID: 22275604 DOI: 10.1109/icorr.2011.5975401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The status of motor function in stroke survivors and the effect of any therapeutic intervention are generally measured by physiotherapists using clinical assessment scales that probe specific aspects of a subject's motor behavior. Although they are widely accepted, these measurement tools are limited by interrater and intrarater reliability and are time-consuming to apply. This paper analyzes the changes in movement kinematics and kinetics during robot-aided neurorehabilitation of subjects after stroke and verifies the possibility of estimating outcome measures by means of a set of robot measured parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Colombo
- Bioengineering Service, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS, Rehabilitation Institutes of Pavia and Veruno(NO), Italy.
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