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Ohtani M, Kawabe H, Demura T. Evidence that thiol-based redox state is critical for xylem vessel cell differentiation. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1428512. [PMID: 29393823 PMCID: PMC5933917 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1428512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), which plays essential roles in a variety of cell signaling processes, is the precursor of a family of NO-derived molecules, including toxic reactive nitrogen species. The NO-based regulation of cellular activity is mediated by the reversible modification of cysteine thiol groups in redox-sensitive proteins. One such modification is protein S-nitrosylation, i.e., the addition of an NO moiety to a cysteine thiol, and this S-nitrosylation is regulated by enzymes such as S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR). Recently, we reported a novel loss-of-function allele of gsnor1, named suppressor of ectopic vessel cell differentiation induced by VND7-1 (seiv1), based on the VND7-inducible system, in which almost all cell types are transdifferentiated into xylem vessel cells upon activation of the NAC transcription factor VND7. We also found that VND7 can be S-nitrosylated and that the target cysteine residues for S-nitrosylation are critical for VND7 transactivation activity. Here, we further discuss roles for GSNOR1 in xylem vessel cell differentiation, and provide additional data on the effects of cellular NO level on VND7 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Ohtani
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- CONTACT Misato Ohtani Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Harunori Kawabe
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Taku Demura
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- CONTACT Taku Demura Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
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102
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Kailasam S, Wang Y, Lo JC, Chang HF, Yeh KC. S-Nitrosoglutathione works downstream of nitric oxide to mediate iron-deficiency signaling in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 94:157-168. [PMID: 29396986 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential for plant growth and development. Knowledge of Fe signaling, from the beginning of perception to activation of the uptake process, is critical for crop improvement. Here, by using chemical screening, we identified a small molecule 3-amino-N-(3-methylphenyl)thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide named R7 ('R' denoting repressor of IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER 1), that modulates Fe homeostasis of Arabidopsis. R7 treatment led to reduced Fe levels in plants, thus causing severe chlorosis under Fe deficiency. Expression analysis of central transcription factors, FER-LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) and subgroup Ib basic helix-loop-helix (Ib bHLH) genes bHLH38/39/100/101, revealed that R7 targets the FIT-dependent transcriptional pathway. Exogenously supplying S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), but not other nitric oxide (NO) donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine (SANP), alleviated the inhibitory effects of R7 on Fe homeostasis. R7 did not inhibit cellular levels of NO or glutathione but decreased GSNO level in roots. We demonstrate that NO is involved in regulating not only the FIT transcriptional network but also the Ib bHLH networks. In addition, GSNO, from S-nitrosylation of glutathione, specifically mediates the Fe-starvation signal to FIT, which is distinct from the NO to Ib bHLH signal. Our work dissects the molecular connection between NO and the Fe-starvation response. We present a new signaling route whereby GSNO acts downstream of NO to trigger the Fe-deficiency response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Kailasam
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ying Wang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Chi Lo
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fang Chang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chen Yeh
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung-Hsing University, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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103
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Astier J, Jeandroz S, Wendehenne D. Nitric oxide synthase in plants: The surprise from algae. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 268:64-66. [PMID: 29362085 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Astier
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Sylvain Jeandroz
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - David Wendehenne
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
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104
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Liu S, Yang R, Tripathi DK, Li X, He W, Wu M, Ali S, Ma M, Cheng Q, Pan Y. RETRACTED: The interplay between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species contributes in the regulatory mechanism of the nitro-oxidative stress induced by cadmium in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 344:1007-1024. [PMID: 30216961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor, after consultation with the corresponding author Dr. Shiliang Liu due to image issues. The article reused several images from the author's paper published in Environmental Pollution 239 (2018) 53-68 (which has been retracted due to image issues): Figures 1c, 1d, 2a, 2b, 2c, 4a, 9a and 9b. The article also plagiarized part of a paper from other authors that had appeared in Plant Physiology, 150, 229-243 (2009). The images that were reused were Fig 5 a, 5c, 5e and 5 g. This was brought to the editors’ attention via a letter to the editor. One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Rongjie Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Centre for Medical Diagnostic and Research, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India; Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Wei He
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengxi Wu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mingdong Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qingsu Cheng
- Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yuanzhi Pan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Sathee L, Adavi SB, Jain V, Pandey R, Khetarpal S, Meena HS, Kumar A. Influence of Elevated CO2 on kinetics and expression of high affinity nitrate transport systems in wheat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40502-018-0355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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106
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Wang X, Garcia CT, Gong G, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. Automated Online Solid-Phase Derivatization for Sensitive Quantification of Endogenous S-Nitrosoglutathione and Rapid Capture of Other Low-Molecular-Mass S-Nitrosothiols. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1967-1975. [PMID: 29271637 PMCID: PMC5892179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
S-Nitrosothiols (RSNOs) constitute a circulating endogenous reservoir of nitric oxide and have important biological activities. In this study, an online coupling of solid-phase derivatization (SPD) with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was developed and applied in the analysis of low-molecular-mass RSNOs. A derivatizing-reagent-modified polymer monolithic column was prepared and adapted for online SPD-LC-MS. Analytes from the LC autosampler flowed through the monolithic column for derivatization and then directly into the LC-MS for analysis. This integration of the online derivatization, LC separation, and MS detection facilitated system automation, allowing rapid, laborsaving, and sensitive detection of RSNOs. S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) was quantified using this automated online method with good linearity (R2 = 0.9994); the limit of detection was 0.015 nM. The online SPD-LC-MS method has been used to determine GSNO levels in mouse samples, 138 ± 13.2 nM of endogenous GSNO was detected in mouse plasma. Besides, the GSNO concentrations in liver (64.8 ± 11.3 pmol/mg protein), kidney (47.2 ± 6.1 pmol/mg protein), heart (8.9 ± 1.8 pmol/mg protein), muscle (1.9 ± 0.3 pmol/mg protein), hippocampus (5.3 ± 0.9 pmol/mg protein), striatum (6.7 ± 0.6 pmol/mg protein), cerebellum (31.4 ± 6.5 pmol/mg protein), and cortex (47.9 ± 4.6 pmol/mg protein) were also successfully quantified. When the derivatization was performed within 8 min, followed by LC-MS detection, samples could be rapidly analyzed compared with the offline manual method. Other low-molecular-mass RSNOs, such as S-nitrosocysteine and S-nitrosocysteinylglycine, were captured by rapid precursor-ion scanning, showing that the proposed method is a potentially powerful tool for capture, identification, and quantification of RSNOs in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Carlos T. Garcia
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Guanyu Gong
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - John S. Wishnok
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Steven R. Tannenbaum
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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107
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Wany A, Gupta KJ. Reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide production and antioxidant gene expression during development of aerenchyma formation in wheat. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1428515. [PMID: 29336716 PMCID: PMC5846502 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1428515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In response to hypoxia, plant roots produce very high levels of nitric oxide. Recently, it was demonstrated that NO and ethylene both are essential for development of aerenchyma in wheat roots under hypoxia. Increased NO under hypoxia correlated with induction of NADPH oxidase gene expression, ROS production and lipid peroxidation in cortical cells. Tyrosine nitration was prominent in cells developing aerenchyma suggesting that NO and ROS play a key role in development of aerenchyma. However, the role of antioxidant genes during development of aerenchyma is not known, therefore, we checked gene expression of various antioxidants such as SOD1, AOX1A, APX and MnSOD at different time points after hypoxia treatment and found that expression of these genes elevated in 2 h but downregulated in 24 h where development of aerenchyma is prominent. Further, we found that plants growing under ammonium nutrition displayed delayed aerenchyma development. Taken together, new insights presented in this short communication highlighted additional regulatory role of antioxidants gene expression during aerenchyma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Wany
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
- CONTACT Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067
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108
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Sasidharan R, Hartman S, Liu Z, Martopawiro S, Sajeev N, van Veen H, Yeung E, Voesenek LACJ. Signal Dynamics and Interactions during Flooding Stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:1106-1117. [PMID: 29097391 PMCID: PMC5813540 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Flooding is detrimental for nearly all higher plants, including crops. The compound stress elicited by slow gas exchange and low light levels under water is responsible for both a carbon and an energy crisis ultimately leading to plant death. The endogenous concentrations of four gaseous compounds, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene, and nitric oxide, change during the submergence of plant organs in water. These gases play a pivotal role in signal transduction cascades, leading to adaptive processes such as metabolic adjustments and anatomical features. Of these gases, ethylene is seen as the most consistent, pervasive, and reliable signal of early flooding stress, most likely in tight interaction with the other gases. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells during flooding and directly after subsidence, during which the plant is confronted with high light and oxygen levels, is characteristic for this abiotic stress. Low, well-controlled levels of ROS are essential for adaptive signaling pathways, in interaction with the other gaseous flooding signals. On the other hand, excessive uncontrolled bursts of ROS can be highly damaging for plants. Therefore, a fine-tuned balance is important, with a major role for ROS production and scavenging. Our understanding of the temporal dynamics of the four gases and ROS is basal, whereas it is likely that they form a signature readout of prevailing flooding conditions and subsequent adaptive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sjon Hartman
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Zeguang Liu
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Shanice Martopawiro
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nikita Sajeev
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Veen
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elaine Yeung
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurentius A C J Voesenek
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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109
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Corpas FJ, Barroso JB. Calmodulin antagonist affects peroxisomal functionality by disrupting both peroxisomal Ca 2+ and protein import. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.201467. [PMID: 28183730 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ is a second messenger in many physiological and phytopathological processes. Peroxisomes are subcellular compartments with an active oxidative and nitrosative metabolism. Previous studies have demonstrated that peroxisomal nitric oxide (NO) generation is dependent on Ca2+ and calmodulin (CaM). Here, we used Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic seedlings expressing cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) containing a type 1 peroxisomal-targeting signal motif (PTS1; CFP-PTS1), which enables peroxisomes to be visualized in vivo, and also used a cell-permeable fluorescent probe for Ca2+ Analysis by confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM) enabled us to visualize the presence of endogenous Ca2+ in the peroxisomes of both roots and guard cells. The presence of Ca2+ in peroxisomes and the import of CFP-PTS1 are drastically disrupted by both CaM antagonist and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, the activity of three peroxisomal enzymes (catalase, glycolate oxidase and hydroxypyruvate reductase) containing PTS1 was clearly affected in these conditions, with a decrease of between 41 and 51%. In summary, data show that Ca2+ and CaM are strictly necessary for protein import and normal functionality of peroxisomal enzymes, including antioxidant and photorespiratory enzymes, as well as for NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada E-18008, Spain
| | - Juan B Barroso
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus 'Las Lagunillas', University of Jaén, Jaén E-23071, Spain
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110
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Balotf S, Islam S, Kavoosi G, Kholdebarin B, Juhasz A, Ma W. How exogenous nitric oxide regulates nitrogen assimilation in wheat seedlings under different nitrogen sources and levels. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190269. [PMID: 29320529 PMCID: PMC5761883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients for plants and nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling plant growth regulator involved in nitrogen assimilation. Understanding the influence of exogenous NO on nitrogen metabolism at the gene expression and enzyme activity levels under different sources of nitrogen is vitally important for increasing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). This study investigated the expression of key genes and enzymes in relation to nitrogen assimilation in two Australian wheat cultivars, a popular high NUE cv. Spitfire and a normal NUE cv. Westonia, under different combinations of nitrogen and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as the NO donor. Application of NO increased the gene expressions and activities of nitrogen assimilation pathway enzymes in both cultivars at low levels of nitrogen. At high nitrogen supplies, the expressions and activities of N assimilation genes increased in response to exogenous NO only in cv. Spitfire but not in cv. Westonia. Exogenous NO caused an increase in leaf NO content at low N supplies in both cultivars, while under high nitrogen treatments, cv. Spitfire showed an increase under ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) treatment but cv. Westonia was not affected. N assimilation gene expression and enzyme activity showed a clear relationship between exogenous NO, N concentration and N forms in primary plant nitrogen assimilation. Results reveal the possible role of NO and different nitrogen sources on nitrogen assimilation in Triticum aestivum plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Balotf
- School of Veterinary and Life Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahidul Islam
- School of Veterinary and Life Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Bahman Kholdebarin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Angela Juhasz
- School of Veterinary and Life Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wujun Ma
- School of Veterinary and Life Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
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111
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Cassia R, Nocioni M, Correa-Aragunde N, Lamattina L. Climate Change and the Impact of Greenhouse Gasses: CO 2 and NO, Friends and Foes of Plant Oxidative Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:273. [PMID: 29545820 PMCID: PMC5837998 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Here, we review information on how plants face redox imbalance caused by climate change, and focus on the role of nitric oxide (NO) in this response. Life on Earth is possible thanks to greenhouse effect. Without it, temperature on Earth's surface would be around -19°C, instead of the current average of 14°C. Greenhouse effect is produced by greenhouse gasses (GHG) like water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxides (NxO) and ozone (O3). GHG have natural and anthropogenic origin. However, increasing GHG provokes extreme climate changes such as floods, droughts and heat, which induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in plants. The main sources of ROS in stress conditions are: augmented photorespiration, NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity, β-oxidation of fatty acids and disorders in the electron transport chains of mitochondria and chloroplasts. Plants have developed an antioxidant machinery that includes the activity of ROS detoxifying enzymes [e.g., superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and peroxiredoxin (PRX)], as well as antioxidant molecules such as ascorbic acid (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) that are present in almost all subcellular compartments. CO2 and NO help to maintain the redox equilibrium. Higher CO2 concentrations increase the photosynthesis through the CO2-unsaturated Rubisco activity. But Rubisco photorespiration and NOX activities could also augment ROS production. NO regulate the ROS concentration preserving balance among ROS, GSH, GSNO, and ASC. When ROS are in huge concentration, NO induces transcription and activity of SOD, APX, and CAT. However, when ROS are necessary (e.g., for pathogen resistance), NO may inhibit APX, CAT, and NOX activity by the S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues, favoring cell death. NO also regulates GSH concentration in several ways. NO may react with GSH to form GSNO, the NO cell reservoir and main source of S-nitrosylation. GSNO could be decomposed by the GSNO reductase (GSNOR) to GSSG which, in turn, is reduced to GSH by glutathione reductase (GR). GSNOR may be also inhibited by S-nitrosylation and GR activated by NO. In conclusion, NO plays a central role in the tolerance of plants to climate change.
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112
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Kawabe H, Ohtani M, Kurata T, Sakamoto T, Demura T. Protein S-Nitrosylation Regulates Xylem Vessel Cell Differentiation in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:17-29. [PMID: 29040725 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of proteins have important roles in the regulation of protein activity. One such modification, S-nitrosylation, involves the covalent binding of nitric oxide (NO)-related species to a cysteine residue. Recent work showed that protein S-nitrosylation has crucial functions in plant development and environmental responses. In the present study, we investigated the importance of protein S-nitrosylation for xylem vessel cell differentiation using a forward genetics approach. We performed ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis of a transgenic Arabidopsis 35S::VND7-VP16-GR line in which the activity of VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN7 (VND7), a key transcription factor involved in xylem vessel cell differentiation, can be induced post-translationally by glucocorticoid treatment, with the goal of obtaining suppressor mutants that failed to differentiate ectopic xylem vessel cells; we named these mutants suppressor of ectopic vessel cell differentiation induced by VND7 (seiv) mutants. We found the seiv1 mutant to be a recessive mutant in which ectopic xylem cell differentiation was inhibited, especially in aboveground organs. In seiv1 mutants, a single nucleic acid substitution (G to A) leading to an amino acid substitution (E36K) was present in the gene encoding S-NITROSOGLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE 1 (GSNOR1), which regulates the turnover of the natural NO donor, S-nitrosoglutathione. An in vitro S-nitrosylation assay revealed that VND7 can be S-nitrosylated at Cys264 and Cys320 located near the transactivation activity-related domains, which were shown to be important for transactivation activity of VND7 by transient reporter assay. Our results suggest crucial roles for GSNOR1-regulated protein S-nitrosylation in xylem vessel cell differentiation, partly through the post-translational modification of VND7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harunori Kawabe
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Misato Ohtani
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kurata
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Taku Demura
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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113
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Sami F, Faizan M, Faraz A, Siddiqui H, Yusuf M, Hayat S. Nitric oxide-mediated integrative alterations in plant metabolism to confer abiotic stress tolerance, NO crosstalk with phytohormones and NO-mediated post translational modifications in modulating diverse plant stress. Nitric Oxide 2017; 73:22-38. [PMID: 29275195 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a major signaling biomolecule associated with signal transduction in plants. The beneficial role of NO in plants, exposed to several abiotic stresses shifted our understanding as it being not only free radical, released from the toxic byproducts of oxidative metabolism but also helps in plant sustenance. An explosion of research in plant NO biology during the last two decades has revealed that NO is a key signal associated with plant growth, germination, photosynthesis, leaf senescence, pollen growth and reorientation. NO is beneficial as well as harmful to plants in a dose-dependent manner. Exogenous application of NO at lower concentrations promotes seed germination, hypocotyl elongation, pollen development, flowering and delays senescence but at higher concentrations it causes nitrosative damage to plants. However, this review concentrates on the beneficial impact of NO in lower concentrations in the plants and also highlights the NO crosstalk of NO with other plant hormones, such as auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, cytokinins, ethylene, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, under diverse stresses. While concentrating on the multidimensional role of NO, an attempt has been made to cover the role of NO-mediated genes associated with plant developmental processes, metal uptake, and plant defense responses as well as stress-related genes. More recently, several NO-mediated post translational modifications, such as S-nitrosylation, N-end rule pathway operates under hypoxia and tyrosine nitration also occurs to modulate plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareen Sami
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Faizan
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ahmad Faraz
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Husna Siddiqui
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Redox regulation of plant S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity through post-translational modifications of cysteine residues. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 494:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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115
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Oppermann A, Laurini L, Etscheidt F, Hollmann K, Strassl F, Hoffmann A, Schurr D, Dittmeyer R, Rinke G, Herres-Pawlis S. Detection of Copper Bisguanidine NO Adducts by UV-vis Spectroscopy and a SuperFocus Mixer. Chem Eng Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201600691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Oppermann
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Larissa Laurini
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Fabian Etscheidt
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Katharina Hollmann
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Florian Strassl
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Daniela Schurr
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Institute for Micro Process Engineering; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Roland Dittmeyer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Institute for Micro Process Engineering; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Günter Rinke
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Institute for Micro Process Engineering; Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Sonja Herres-Pawlis
- RWTH Aachen University; Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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116
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Silveira NM, Hancock JT, Frungillo L, Siasou E, Marcos FCC, Salgado I, Machado EC, Ribeiro RV. Evidence towards the involvement of nitric oxide in drought tolerance of sugarcane. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 115:354-359. [PMID: 9277129 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous supply of nitric oxide (NO) increases drought tolerance in sugarcane plants. However, little is known about the role of NO produced by plants under water deficit. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that drought-tolerance in sugarcane is associated with NO production and metabolism, with the more drought-tolerant genotype presenting higher NO accumulation in plant tissues. The sugarcane genotypes IACSP95-5000 (drought-tolerant) and IACSP97-7065 (drought-sensitive) were submitted to water deficit by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG-8000) in nutrient solution to reduce the osmotic potential to -0.4 MPa. To evaluate short-time responses to water deficit, leaf and root samples were taken after 24 h under water deficit. The drought-tolerant genotype presented higher root extracellular NO content, which was accompanied by higher root nitrate reductase (NR) activity as compared to the drought-sensitive genotype under water deficit. In addition, the drought-tolerant genotype had higher leaf intracellular NO content than the drought-sensitive one. IACSP95-5000 exhibited decreases in root S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activity under water deficit, suggesting that S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is less degraded and that the drought-tolerant genotype has a higher natural reservoir of NO than the drought-sensitive one. Those differences in intracellular and extracellular NO contents and enzymatic activities were associated with higher leaf hydration in the drought-tolerant genotype as compared to the sensitive one under water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neidiquele M Silveira
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - John T Hancock
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK
| | - Lucas Frungillo
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eleni Siasou
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK
| | - Fernanda C C Marcos
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ione Salgado
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Machado
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael V Ribeiro
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Calatrava V, Chamizo-Ampudia A, Sanz-Luque E, Ocaña-Calahorro F, Llamas A, Fernandez E, Galvan A. How Chlamydomonas handles nitrate and the nitric oxide cycle. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:2593-2602. [PMID: 28201747 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The green alga Chlamydomonas is a valuable model system capable of assimilating different forms of nitrogen (N). Nitrate (NO3-) has a relevant role in plant-like organisms, first as a nitrogen source for growth and second as a signalling molecule. Several modules are necessary for Chlamydomonas to handle nitrate, including transporters, nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), GS/GOGAT enzymes for ammonium assimilation, and regulatory protein(s). Transporters provide a first step for influx/efflux, homeostasis, and sensing of nitrate; and NIT2 is the key transcription factor (RWP-RK) for mediating the nitrate-dependent activation of a number of genes. Here, we review how NR participates in the cycle NO3- →NO2- →NO →NO3-. NR uses the partner protein amidoxime-reducing component/nitric oxide-forming nitrite reductase (ARC/NOFNiR) for the conversion of nitrite (NO2-) into nitric oxide (NO). It also uses the truncated haemoglobin THB1 in the conversion of nitric oxide to nitrate. Nitric oxide is a negative signal for nitrate assimilation; it inhibits the activity and expression of high-affinity nitrate/nitrite transporters and NR. During this cycle, the positive signal of nitrate is transformed into the negative signal of nitric oxide, which can then be converted back into nitrate. Thus, NR is back in the spotlight as a strategic regulator of the nitric oxide cycle and the nitrate assimilation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Calatrava
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales y Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Chamizo-Ampudia
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales y Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Emanuel Sanz-Luque
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales y Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Ocaña-Calahorro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales y Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Angel Llamas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales y Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Emilio Fernandez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales y Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
| | - Aurora Galvan
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales y Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edif. Severo Ochoa, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
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118
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Groß F, Rudolf EE, Thiele B, Durner J, Astier J. Copper amine oxidase 8 regulates arginine-dependent nitric oxide production in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:2149-2162. [PMID: 28383668 PMCID: PMC5447880 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule in plants, regulating a wide range of physiological processes. However, its origin in plants remains unclear. It can be generated from nitrite through a reductive pathway, notably via the action of the nitrate reductase (NR), and evidence suggests an additional oxidative pathway, involving arginine. From an initial screen of potential Arabidopsis thaliana mutants impaired in NO production, we identified copper amine oxidase 8 (CuAO8). Two cuao8 mutant lines displayed a decreased NO production in seedlings after elicitor treatment and salt stress. The NR-dependent pathway was not responsible for the impaired NO production as no change in NR activity was found in the mutants. However, total arginase activity was strongly increased in cuao8 knockout mutants after salt stress. Moreover, NO production could be restored in the mutants by arginase inhibition or arginine addition. Furthermore, arginine supplementation reversed the root growth phenotype observed in the mutants. These results demonstrate that CuAO8 participates in NO production by influencing arginine availability through the modulation of arginase activity. The influence of CuAO8 on arginine-dependent NO synthesis suggests a new regulatory pathway for NO production in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Groß
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology,D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eva-Esther Rudolf
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology,D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Björn Thiele
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute for Bio-and Geoscience, IBG-2, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörg Durner
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University Munich, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, D-80333 München, Germany
| | - Jeremy Astier
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology,D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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119
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Gaupels F, Durner J, Kogel KH. Production, amplification and systemic propagation of redox messengers in plants? The phloem can do it all! THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:554-560. [PMID: 28044323 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Rapid long-distance signalling is an emerging topic in plant research, and is particularly associated with responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to pathogen attack is dependent on nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). By comparison, systemic wound responses (SWRs) and systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) to abiotic stress encounters are triggered by rapid waves of H2 O2 , calcium and electrical signalling. Efforts have been made to decipher the relationship between redox messengers, calcium and other known systemic defence signals. Less is known about possible routes of signal transduction throughout the entire plant. Previously, the phloem has been suggested to be a transport conduit for mobile signals inducing SAR, SWR and SAA. This review highlights the role of the phloem in systemic redox signalling by NO and ROS. A not yet identified calcium-dependent NO source and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase are candidate regulators of NO homeostasis in the phloem, whereas ROS concentrations are controlled by NADPH oxidases and the H2 O2 -scavenging enzyme ascorbate peroxidase. Possible amplification mechanisms in phloem-mediated systemic redox signalling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Gaupels
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, D-85764, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Kogel
- Institute of Phytopathology, Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, D-35392, Germany
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120
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Mur LAJ, Simpson C, Kumari A, Gupta AK, Gupta KJ. Moving nitrogen to the centre of plant defence against pathogens. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2017; 119:703-709. [PMID: 27594647 PMCID: PMC5378193 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants require nitrogen (N) for growth, development and defence against abiotic and biotic stresses. The extensive use of artificial N fertilizers has played an important role in the Green Revolution. N assimilation can involve a reductase series ( NO3- → NO2- → NH4+ ) followed by transamination to form amino acids. Given its widespread use, the agricultural impact of N nutrition on disease development has been extensively examined. SCOPE When a pathogen first comes into contact with a host, it is usually nutrient starved such that rapid assimilation of host nutrients is essential for successful pathogenesis. Equally, the host may reallocate its nutrients to defence responses or away from the site of attempted infection. Exogenous application of N fertilizer can, therefore, shift the balance in favour of the host or pathogen. In line with this, increasing N has been reported either to increase or to decrease plant resistance to pathogens, which reflects differences in the infection strategies of discrete pathogens. Beyond considering only N content, the use of NO3- or NH4+ fertilizers affects the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions. NO3- feeding augments hypersensitive response- (HR) mediated resistance, while ammonium nutrition can compromise defence. Metabolically, NO3- enhances production of polyamines such as spermine and spermidine, which are established defence signals, with NH4+ nutrition leading to increased γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels which may be a nutrient source for the pathogen. Within the defensive N economy, the roles of nitric oxide must also be considered. This is mostly generated from NO2- by nitrate reductase and is elicited by both pathogen-associated microbial patterns and gene-for-gene-mediated defences. Nitric oxide (NO) production and associated defences are therefore NO3- dependent and are compromised by NH4+ . CONCLUSION This review demonstrates how N content and form plays an essential role in defensive primary and secondary metabolism and NO-mediated events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. J. Mur
- Institute of Environmental and Rural Science, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK
- For correspondence. E-mail or
| | - Catherine Simpson
- Institute of Environmental and Rural Science, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK
| | - Aprajita Kumari
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi
| | - Alok Kumar Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi
| | - Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi
- For correspondence. E-mail or
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121
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Chamizo-Ampudia A, Sanz-Luque E, Llamas A, Galvan A, Fernandez E. Nitrate Reductase Regulates Plant Nitric Oxide Homeostasis. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 22:163-174. [PMID: 28065651 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate reductase (NR) is a key enzyme for nitrogen acquisition by plants, algae, yeasts, and fungi. Nitrate, its main substrate, is required for signaling and is widely distributed in diverse tissues in plants. In addition, NR has been proposed as an important enzymatic source of nitric oxide (NO). Recently, NR has been shown to play a role in NO homeostasis by supplying electrons from NAD(P)H through its diaphorase/dehydrogenase domain both to a truncated hemoglobin THB1, which scavenges NO by its dioxygenase activity, and to the molybdoenzyme NO-forming nitrite reductase (NOFNiR) that is responsible for NO synthesis from nitrite. We review how NR may play a central role in plant biology by controlling the amounts of NO, a key signaling molecule in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Chamizo-Ampudia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, School of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (CeiA3), Edifico Severo Ochoa, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Emanuel Sanz-Luque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, School of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (CeiA3), Edifico Severo Ochoa, Cordoba, Spain; Present address: Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Angel Llamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, School of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (CeiA3), Edifico Severo Ochoa, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Aurora Galvan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, School of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (CeiA3), Edifico Severo Ochoa, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Emilio Fernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, School of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (CeiA3), Edifico Severo Ochoa, Cordoba, Spain.
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122
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Kasten D, Durner J, Gaupels F. Gas Alert: The NO 2 Pitfall during NO Fumigation of Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:85. [PMID: 28197162 PMCID: PMC5281616 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frank Gaupels
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
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123
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Zuccarelli R, Coelho ACP, Peres LEP, Freschi L. Shedding light on NO homeostasis: Light as a key regulator of glutathione and nitric oxide metabolisms during seedling deetiolation. Nitric Oxide 2017; 68:77-90. [PMID: 28109803 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant impacts of light on nitric oxide (NO) levels in plants, the mechanism underlying the influence of this environmental factor on NO metabolism remains poorly understood. A critical mechanism controlling NO levels in plant cells relies on the S-nitrosylation of glutathione (GSH), giving rise to S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), which can be either stored or degraded depending on the cellular context. Here, we demonstrate that a strict balance is maintained between NO generation and scavenging during tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedling deetiolation. Given the absence of accurate methods in the literature to estimate NO scavenging in planta, we first developed a simple, robust system to continuously monitor the global in vivo NO scavenging by plant tissues. Then, using photomorphogenic tomato mutants, we demonstrated that the light-evoked de-etiolation is associated with a dramatic rise in NO content followed by a progressive increment in NO scavenging capacity of the tissues. Light-driven increments in NO scavenging rates coincided with pronounced rises in S-nitrosothiol content and GSNO reductase (GSNOR) activity, thereby suggesting that GSNO formation and subsequent removal via GSNOR might be key for controlling NO levels during seedling deetiolation. Accordingly, treatments with thiol-blocking compounds further indicated that thiol nitrosylation might be critically involved in the NO scavenging mechanism responsible for maintaining NO homeostasis during deetiolation. The impacts of both light and NO on the transcriptional profile of glutathione metabolic genes also revealed an independent but coordinated action of these signals on the regulation of key components of glutathione and GSNO metabolisms. Altogether, these data indicated that GSNO formation and subsequent removal might facilitate maintaining NO homeostasis during light-driven seedling deetiolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Zuccarelli
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Aline C P Coelho
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Lazaro E P Peres
- Department of Biological Sciences, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Luciano Freschi
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
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Kasten D, Mithöfer A, Georgii E, Lang H, Durner J, Gaupels F. Nitrite is the driver, phytohormones are modulators while NO and H2O2 act as promoters of NO2-induced cell death. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:6337-6349. [PMID: 27811003 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the molecular mechanisms of nitrogen dioxide (NO2)-induced toxicity and cell death in plants. Exposure of Arabidopsis to high concentrations of NO2 induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. No leaf symptoms were visible after fumigation for 1 h with 10 parts per million (ppm) NO2 However, 20 ppm NO2 caused necrotic lesion formation and 30 ppm NO2 complete leaf collapse, which had already started during the 1 h fumigation period. NO2 fumigation resulted in a massive accumulation of nitrite and in protein modifications by S-nitrosylation and tyrosine nitration. Nitric oxide (NO) at 30 ppm did not trigger leaf damage or any of the effects observed after NO2 fumigation. The onset of NO2-induced cell death correlated with NO and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) signaling and a decrease in antioxidants. NO- and H2O2-accumulating mutants were more sensitive to NO2 than wild-type plants. Accordingly, experiments with specific scavengers confirmed that NO and H2O2 are essential promoters of NO2-induced cell death. Leaf injection of 100 mM nitrite caused an increase in S-nitrosylation, NO, H2O2, and cell death suggesting that nitrite functioned as a mediator of NO2-induced effects. A targeted screening of phytohormone mutants revealed a protective role of salicylic acid (SA) signaling in response to NO2 It was also shown that phytohormones were modulators rather than inducers of NO2-induced cell death. The established experimental set-up is a suitable system to investigate NO2 and cell death signaling in large-scale mutant screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörte Kasten
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department Bioorganic Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Georgii
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans Lang
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frank Gaupels
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Regulation of Anticancer Styrylpyrone Biosynthesis in the Medicinal Mushroom Inonotus obliquus Requires Thioredoxin Mediated Transnitrosylation of S-nitrosoglutathione Reductase. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37601. [PMID: 27869186 PMCID: PMC5116637 DOI: 10.1038/srep37601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The medicinal macrofungus Inonotus obliquus widely utilized as folk medicine in Russia and Baltic countries is a source of phenylpropanoid-derived styrylpyrone polyphenols that can inhibit tumor proliferation. Insights into the regulatory machinery that controls I. obliquus styrylpyrone polyphenol biosynthesis will enable strategies to increase the production of these molecules. Here we show that Thioredoxin (Trx) mediated transnitrosylation of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) underpins the regulation of styrylpyrone production, driven by nitric oxide (NO) synthesis triggered by P. morii coculture. NO accumulation results in the S-nitrosylation of PAL and 4CL required for the synthesis of precursor phenylpropanoids and styrylpyrone synthase (SPS), integral to the production of styrylpyrone, inhibiting their activities. These enzymes are targeted for denitrosylation by Trx proteins, which restore their activity. Further, this Trx S-nitrosothiol (SNO) reductase activity was potentiated following S-nitrosylation of Trx proteins at a non-catalytic cysteine (Cys) residue. Intriguingly, this process was counterbalanced by Trx denitrosylation, mediated by Trx-dependent transnitrosylation of GSNOR. Thus, unprecedented interplay between Trx and GSNOR oxidoreductases regulates the biosynthesis of styrylpyrone polyphenols in I. obliquus.
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Zhou S, Jia L, Chu H, Wu D, Peng X, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhao J, Chen K, Zhao L. Arabidopsis CaM1 and CaM4 Promote Nitric Oxide Production and Salt Resistance by Inhibiting S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase via Direct Binding. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006255. [PMID: 27684709 PMCID: PMC5042403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt is a major threat to plant growth and crop productivity. Calmodulin (CaM), the most important multifunctional Ca2+ sensor protein in plants, mediates reactions against environmental stresses through target proteins; however, direct proof of the participation of CaM in salt tolerance and its corresponding signaling pathway in vivo is lacking. In this study, we found that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 produced salt-responsive CaM isoforms according to real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses; this result was verified based on a phenotypic analysis of salt-treated loss-of-function mutant and transgenic plants. We also found that the level of nitric oxide (NO), an important salt-responsive signaling molecule, varied in response to salt treatment depending on AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 expression. GSNOR is considered as an important and widely utilized regulatory component of NO homeostasis in plant resistance protein signaling networks. In vivo and in vitro protein-protein interaction assays revealed direct binding between AtCaM4 and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), leading to reduced GSNOR activity and an increased NO level. Overexpression of GSNOR intensified the salt sensitivity of cam4 mutant plants accompanied by a reduced internal NO level, whereas a gsnor deficiency increased the salt tolerance of cam4 plants accompanied by an increased internal NO level. Physiological experiments showed that CaM4-GSNOR, acting through NO, reestablished the ion balance to increase plant resistance to salt stress. Together, these data suggest that AtCaM1 and AtCaM4 serve as signals in plant salt resistance by promoting NO accumulation through the binding and inhibition of GSNOR. This could be a conserved defensive signaling pathway in plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lixiu Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongye Chu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuan Peng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kunming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Liqun Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
- * E-mail:
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127
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Chen X, Tian D, Kong X, Chen Q, E F AA, Hu X, Jia A. The role of nitric oxide signalling in response to salt stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLANTA 2016; 244:651-69. [PMID: 27116428 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide signal and GSNOR activity play an essential role for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii response to salt stress. The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is one of the most important model organisms phylogenetically situated between higher plants and animals. In the present study, we used comparative proteomics and physiological approaches to study the mechanisms underlying the response to salt stress in C. reinhardtii. We identified 74 proteins that accumulated differentially after salt stress, including oxidative enzymes and enzymes associated with nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, cell damage, and cell autophagy processes. A set of antioxidant enzymes, as well as S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activity, were induced to balance the cellular redox status during short-term salt stress. Enzymes involved in DNA repair and cell autophagy also contribute to adaptation to short-term salt stress. However, under long-term salt stress, antioxidant enzymes and GSNOR were gradually inactivated through protein S-nitrosylation, leading to oxidative damage and a reduction in cell viability. Modulating the protein S-nitrosylation levels by suppressing GSNOR activity or adding thioredoxin affected the plant's adaptation to salt stress, through altering the redox status and DNA damage and autophagy levels. Based on these data, we propose that unicellular algae use multiple strategies to adapt to salt stress, and that, during this process, GSNOR activity and protein S-nitrosylation levels play important roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Dagang Tian
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Xiangxiang Kong
- The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qian Chen
- The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Abd Allah E F
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiangyang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Aiqun Jia
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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128
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Sharma S, Sehrawat A, Deswal R. Asada-Halliwell pathway maintains redox status in Dioscorea alata tuber which helps in germination. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 250:20-29. [PMID: 27457980 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are important regulatory molecules governing physiological processes. In the present study a biochemical and proteome level comparison of two contrasting growth stages of Dioscorea alata tuber namely germinating and mature tuber was performed in order to understand the tuber physiology and biochemistry. Existence of all the component enzymes [APx (ascorbate peroxidase), GR (glutathione reductase), DHAR (dehydroascorbate reductase), MDHAR (mono-dehydroascorbate reductase)] and major products [ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH)] of the cycle showed an operational Asada-Halliwell cycle in the tuber. A 2.65 fold increase in ASC content & a 3.8 fold increase in GR activity fortified the redox milieu during germination. In contrast a 5 fold higher H2O2 content (due to 3.08 fold lower APx activity) and accumulation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as nitric oxide (NO, 2.4-fold) and S-nitrosothiol (SNO, 2.08 fold) contributed to overall oxidative conditions in the mature tuber. The carbonic anhydrase (CA, 7.5 fold), DHAR (5.31 fold) and MDHAR (7 fold) activities were higher in the germinating tuber in comparison with the mature tuber. GSNO negatively regulated the CA (3.6 & 3.95 fold), MDHAR (7.5 & 1.5 fold) and APx (2.3 & 1.81 fold) while another NO donor, CysNO negatively regulated the DHAR (2.24 & 1.32 fold) activity in the mature and germinating stages respectively indicating again that the lesser inhibition by NO (via nitrosylation) may be because of overall reducing environment in the germinating tuber. Increased SNO leading to S-nitrosylation of dioscorin was confirmed by Biotin switch assay. This is the first report showing dioscorin nitrosylation. The present analysis showed differential redox regulation and also suggests the physiological relevance of CA, DHAR, MDHAR, APx & GR in tuber germination for the first time. These enzymes may be used as potential markers of tuber germination in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Sharma
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Sehrawat
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, India
| | - Renu Deswal
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, India.
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129
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Silveira NM, Frungillo L, Marcos FCC, Pelegrino MT, Miranda MT, Seabra AB, Salgado I, Machado EC, Ribeiro RV. Exogenous nitric oxide improves sugarcane growth and photosynthesis under water deficit. PLANTA 2016; 244:181-90. [PMID: 27002974 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated redox signaling plays a role in alleviating the negative impact of water stress in sugarcane plants by improving root growth and photosynthesis. Drought is an environmental limitation affecting sugarcane growth and yield. The redox-active molecule nitric oxide (NO) is known to modulate plant responses to stressful conditions. NO may react with glutathione (GSH) to form S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), which is considered the main reservoir of NO in cells. Here, we investigate the role of NO in alleviating the effects of water deficit on growth and photosynthesis of sugarcane plants. Well-hydrated plants were compared to plants under drought and sprayed with mock (water) or GSNO at concentrations ranging from 10 to 1000 μM. Leaf GSNO sprayed plants showed significant improvement of relative water content and leaf and root dry matter under drought compared to mock-sprayed plants. Additionally, plants sprayed with GSNO (≥ 100 μM) showed higher leaf gas exchange and photochemical activity as compared to mock-sprayed plants under water deficit and after rehydration. Surprisingly, a raise in the total S-nitrosothiols content was observed in leaves sprayed with GSH or GSNO, suggesting a long-term role of NO-mediated responses to water deficit. Experiments with leaf discs fumigated with NO gas also suggested a role of NO in drought tolerance of sugarcane plants. Overall, our data indicate that the NO-mediated redox signaling plays a role in alleviating the negative effects of water stress in sugarcane plants by protecting the photosynthetic apparatus and improving shoot and root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neidiquele M Silveira
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Frungillo
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fernanda C C Marcos
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena T Pelegrino
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcela T Miranda
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amedea B Seabra
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Ione Salgado
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Machado
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology "Coaracy M. Franco", Center R&D in Ecophysiology and Biophysics, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael V Ribeiro
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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130
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Yun BW, Skelly MJ, Yin M, Yu M, Mun BG, Lee SU, Hussain A, Spoel SH, Loake GJ. Nitric oxide and S-nitrosoglutathione function additively during plant immunity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 211:516-26. [PMID: 26916092 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is emerging as a key regulator of diverse plant cellular processes. A major route for the transfer of NO bioactivity is S-nitrosylation, the addition of an NO moiety to a protein cysteine thiol forming an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). Total cellular levels of protein S-nitrosylation are controlled predominantly by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase 1 (GSNOR1) which turns over the natural NO donor, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). In the absence of GSNOR1 function, GSNO accumulates, leading to dysregulation of total cellular S-nitrosylation. Here we show that endogenous NO accumulation in Arabidopsis, resulting from loss-of-function mutations in NO Overexpression 1 (NOX1), led to disabled Resistance (R) gene-mediated protection, basal resistance and defence against nonadapted pathogens. In nox1 plants both salicylic acid (SA) synthesis and signalling were suppressed, reducing SA-dependent defence gene expression. Significantly, expression of a GSNOR1 transgene complemented the SNO-dependent phenotypes of paraquat resistant 2-1 (par2-1) plants but not the NO-related characters of the nox1-1 line. Furthermore, atgsnor1-3 nox1-1 double mutants supported greater bacterial titres than either of the corresponding single mutants. Our findings imply that GSNO and NO, two pivotal redox signalling molecules, exhibit additive functions and, by extension, may have distinct or overlapping molecular targets during both immunity and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Wook Yun
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, KyungPook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 7201-701, Korea
| | - Michael J Skelly
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Minghui Yin
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Manda Yu
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Bong-Gyu Mun
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, KyungPook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 7201-701, Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, KyungPook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 7201-701, Korea
| | - Adil Hussain
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, KyungPook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 7201-701, Korea
- Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Steven H Spoel
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Gary J Loake
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
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131
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Sanz-Luque E, Ocaña-Calahorro F, Galván A, Fernández E, de Montaigu A. Characterization of a Mutant Deficient for Ammonium and Nitric Oxide Signalling in the Model System Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155128. [PMID: 27149516 PMCID: PMC4858171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous signalling molecule Nitric Oxide (NO) is characterized not only by the variety of organisms in which it has been described, but also by the wealth of biological processes that it regulates. In contrast to the expanding repertoire of functions assigned to NO, however, the mechanisms of NO action usually remain unresolved, and genes that work within NO signalling cascades are seldom identified. A recent addition to the list of known NO functions is the regulation of the nitrogen assimilation pathway in the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a well-established model organism for genetic and molecular studies that offers new possibilities in the search for mediators of NO signalling. By further exploiting a collection of Chlamydomonas insertional mutant strains originally isolated for their insensitivity to the ammonium (NH4+) nitrogen source, we found a mutant which, in addition to its ammonium insensitive (AI) phenotype, was not capable of correctly sensing the NO signal. Similarly to what had previously been described in the AI strain cyg56, the expression of nitrogen assimilation genes in the mutant did not properly respond to treatments with various NO donors. Complementation experiments showed that NON1 (NO Nitrate 1), a gene that encodes a protein containing no known functional domain, was the gene underlying the mutant phenotype. Beyond the identification of NON1, our findings broadly demonstrate the potential for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to be used as a model system in the search for novel components of gene networks that mediate physiological responses to NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Sanz-Luque
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Ocaña-Calahorro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Aurora Galván
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Emilio Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- * E-mail: (EF); (AdM)
| | - Amaury de Montaigu
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- * E-mail: (EF); (AdM)
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132
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Guerra D, Ballard K, Truebridge I, Vierling E. S-Nitrosation of Conserved Cysteines Modulates Activity and Stability of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase (GSNOR). Biochemistry 2016; 55:2452-64. [PMID: 27064847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The free radical nitric oxide (NO(•)) regulates diverse physiological processes from vasodilation in humans to gas exchange in plants. S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is considered a principal nitroso reservoir due to its chemical stability. GSNO accumulation is attenuated by GSNO reductase (GSNOR), a cysteine-rich cytosolic enzyme. Regulation of protein nitrosation is not well understood since NO(•)-dependent events proceed without discernible changes in GSNOR expression. Because GSNORs contain evolutionarily conserved cysteines that could serve as nitrosation sites, we examined the effects of treating plant (Arabidopsis thaliana), mammalian (human), and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) GSNORs with nitrosating agents in vitro. Enzyme activity was sensitive to nitroso donors, whereas the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT) restored activity, suggesting that catalytic impairment was due to S-nitrosation. Protein nitrosation was confirmed by mass spectrometry, by which mono-, di-, and trinitrosation were observed, and these signals were sensitive to DTT. GSNOR mutants in specific non-zinc-coordinating cysteines were less sensitive to catalytic inhibition by nitroso donors and exhibited reduced nitrosation signals by mass spectrometry. Nitrosation also coincided with decreased tryptophan fluorescence, increased thermal aggregation propensity, and increased polydispersity-properties reflected by differential solvent accessibility of amino acids important for dimerization and the shape of the substrate and coenzyme binding pockets as assessed by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Collectively, these data suggest a mechanism for NO(•) signal transduction in which GSNOR nitrosation and inhibition transiently permit GSNO accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Guerra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts , 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Keith Ballard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts , 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ian Truebridge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts , 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Elizabeth Vierling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts , 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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133
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Farnese FS, Menezes-Silva PE, Gusman GS, Oliveira JA. When Bad Guys Become Good Ones: The Key Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide in the Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:471. [PMID: 27148300 PMCID: PMC4828662 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The natural environment of plants is composed of a complex set of abiotic stresses and their ability to respond to these stresses is highly flexible and finely balanced through the interaction between signaling molecules. In this review, we highlight the integrated action between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), particularly nitric oxide (NO), involved in the acclimation to different abiotic stresses. Under stressful conditions, the biosynthesis transport and the metabolism of ROS and NO influence plant response mechanisms. The enzymes involved in ROS and NO synthesis and scavenging can be found in different cells compartments and their temporal and spatial locations are determinant for signaling mechanisms. Both ROS and NO are involved in long distances signaling (ROS wave and GSNO transport), promoting an acquired systemic acclimation to abiotic stresses. The mechanisms of abiotic stresses response triggered by ROS and NO involve some general steps, as the enhancement of antioxidant systems, but also stress-specific mechanisms, according to the stress type (drought, hypoxia, heavy metals, etc.), and demand the interaction with other signaling molecules, such as MAPK, plant hormones, and calcium. The transduction of ROS and NO bioactivity involves post-translational modifications of proteins, particularly S-glutathionylation for ROS, and S-nitrosylation for NO. These changes may alter the activity, stability, and interaction with other molecules or subcellular location of proteins, changing the entire cell dynamics and contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis. However, despite the recent advances about the roles of ROS and NO in signaling cascades, many challenges remain, and future studies focusing on the signaling of these molecules in planta are still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda S. Farnese
- Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Rio VerdeGoiás, Brazil
| | - Paulo E. Menezes-Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Rio VerdeGoiás, Brazil
| | - Grasielle S. Gusman
- Laboratory of Plant Chemistry, Univiçosa – Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da SaúdeViçosa, Brazil
| | - Juraci A. Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosa, Brazil
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134
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Thalineau E, Truong HN, Berger A, Fournier C, Boscari A, Wendehenne D, Jeandroz S. Cross-Regulation between N Metabolism and Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling during Plant Immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:472. [PMID: 27092169 PMCID: PMC4824785 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants are sessile organisms that have evolved a complex immune system which helps them cope with pathogen attacks. However, the capacity of a plant to mobilize different defense responses is strongly affected by its physiological status. Nitrogen (N) is a major nutrient that can play an important role in plant immunity by increasing or decreasing plant resistance to pathogens. Although no general rule can be drawn about the effect of N availability and quality on the fate of plant/pathogen interactions, plants' capacity to acquire, assimilate, allocate N, and maintain amino acid homeostasis appears to partly mediate the effects of N on plant defense. Nitric oxide (NO), one of the products of N metabolism, plays an important role in plant immunity signaling. NO is generated in part through Nitrate Reductase (NR), a key enzyme involved in nitrate assimilation, and its production depends on levels of nitrate/nitrite, NR substrate/product, as well as on L-arginine and polyamine levels. Cross-regulation between NO signaling and N supply/metabolism has been evidenced. NO production can be affected by N supply, and conversely NO appears to regulate nitrate transport and assimilation. Based on this knowledge, we hypothesized that N availability partly controls plant resistance to pathogens by controlling NO homeostasis. Using the Medicago truncatula/Aphanomyces euteiches pathosystem, we showed that NO homeostasis is important for resistance to this oomycete and that N availability impacts NO homeostasis by affecting S-nitrosothiol (SNO) levels and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity in roots. These results could therefore explain the increased resistance we noted in N-deprived as compared to N-replete M. truncatula seedlings. They open onto new perspectives for the studies of N/plant defense interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Thalineau
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
| | - Hoai-Nam Truong
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
| | - Antoine Berger
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR, INRA, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRSSophia Antipolis, France
| | - Carine Fournier
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
| | - Alexandre Boscari
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, UMR, INRA, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRSSophia Antipolis, France
| | - David Wendehenne
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
| | - Sylvain Jeandroz
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-ComtéDijon, France
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135
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Kolbert Z. Implication of nitric oxide (NO) in excess element-induced morphogenic responses of the root system. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 101:149-161. [PMID: 26895428 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Extremes of metal and non-metal elements in the soils create a stressful environment and plants exposed to sub-lethal abiotic stress conditions show a broad range of morphogenic responses designated as stress-induced morphogenic response (SIMR). Being the first plant organ directly contacting with elevated doses of elements, the root system shows remarkable symptoms and deserves special attention. In the signalling of root SIMR, the involvement of phytohormones (especially auxin) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been earlier suggested. Emerging evidence supports that nitric oxide (NO) and related molecules (reactive nitrogen species, RNS) are integral signals of root system development, and they are active components of heavy metal-induced stress responses as well. Based on these, the main scope of this review is to demonstrate the contribution of NO/RNS to the emergence of excess element-induced root morphogenic responses. The SIMR-like root system of lead-treated Arabidopsis thaliana contained elevated NO levels compared to the root not showing SIMR. In NO-deficient nia1nia2 plants, the degree of selenium-induced root SIMR was, in some characteristics altered compared to the wild-type. Moreover, among the molecular elements of SIMR several potential candidates of NO-dependent S-nitrosylation or tyrosine nitration have been found using computational prediction. The demonstrated literature data together with own experimental results strongly outline that NO/RNS are regulating signals in the development of root SIMR in case of excess metal and non-metal elements. This also reveals a new role of NO in acclimation emphasizing its importance in defence mechanisms against abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Hungary.
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136
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Zaffagnini M, De Mia M, Morisse S, Di Giacinto N, Marchand CH, Maes A, Lemaire SD, Trost P. Protein S-nitrosylation in photosynthetic organisms: A comprehensive overview with future perspectives. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:952-66. [PMID: 26861774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The free radical nitric oxide (NO) and derivative reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play essential roles in cellular redox regulation mainly through protein S-nitrosylation, a redox post-translational modification in which specific cysteines are converted to nitrosothiols. SCOPE OF VIEW This review aims to discuss the current state of knowledge, as well as future perspectives, regarding protein S-nitrosylation in photosynthetic organisms. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS NO, synthesized by plants from different sources (nitrite, arginine), provides directly or indirectly the nitroso moiety of nitrosothiols. Biosynthesis, reactivity and scavenging systems of NO/RNS, determine the NO-based signaling including the rate of protein nitrosylation. Denitrosylation reactions compete with nitrosylation in setting the levels of nitrosylated proteins in vivo. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Based on a combination of proteomic, biochemical and genetic approaches, protein nitrosylation is emerging as a pervasive player in cell signaling networks. Specificity of protein nitrosylation and integration among different post-translational modifications are among the major challenges for future experimental studies in the redox biology field. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Plant Proteomics--a bridge between fundamental processes and crop production, edited by Dr. Hans-Peter Mock.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zaffagnini
- Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M De Mia
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Morisse
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - N Di Giacinto
- Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C H Marchand
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A Maes
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S D Lemaire
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8226, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire and des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - P Trost
- Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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137
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Begara-Morales JC. Nitric oxide signalling in a CO2-enriched environment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:560-561. [PMID: 26839220 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Begara-Morales
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
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138
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Du S, Zhang R, Zhang P, Liu H, Yan M, Chen N, Xie H, Ke S. Elevated CO2-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) by NO synthase differentially affects nitrate reductase activity in Arabidopsis plants under different nitrate supplies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:893-904. [PMID: 26608644 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CO2 elevation often alters the plant's nitrate reductase (NR) activity, the first enzyme acting in the nitrate assimilation pathway. However, the mechanism underlying this process remains unknown. The association between elevated CO2-induced alterations of NR activity and nitric oxide (NO) was examined in Col-0 Arabidopsis fed with 0.2-10 mM nitrate, using NO donors, NO scavenger, and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. The noa1 mutant, in which most NOS activity was lost, and the NR activity-null mutant nia1 nia2 were also used to examine the above association. In response to CO2 elevation, NR activity increased in low-nitrate Col-0 plants but was inhibited in high-nitrate Col-0 plants. NO scavenger and NOS inhibitor could eliminate these two responses, whereas the application of NO donors mimicked these distinct responses in ambient CO2-grown Col-0 plants. Furthermore, in both low- and high-nitrate conditions, elevated CO2 increased NOS activity and NO levels in Col-0 and nia1 nia2 plants but had little effect on NO level and NR activity in noa1 plants. Considering all of these findings, this study concluded that, in response to CO2 elevation, either the NR activity induction in low-nitrate plants or the NR activity inhibition in high-nitrate plants is regulated by NOS-generated NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoting Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Huijun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Minggang Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Ni Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Huaqiang Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Shouwei Ke
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
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139
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Begara-Morales JC, Sánchez-Calvo B, Chaki M, Valderrama R, Mata-Pérez C, Padilla MN, Corpas FJ, Barroso JB. Antioxidant Systems are Regulated by Nitric Oxide-Mediated Post-translational Modifications (NO-PTMs). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:152. [PMID: 26909095 PMCID: PMC4754464 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a biological messenger that orchestrates a plethora of plant functions, mainly through post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as S-nitrosylation or tyrosine nitration. In plants, hundreds of proteins have been identified as potential targets of these NO-PTMs under physiological and stress conditions indicating the relevance of NO in plant-signaling mechanisms. Among these NO protein targets, there are different antioxidant enzymes involved in the control of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as H2O2, which is also a signal molecule. This highlights the close relationship between ROS/NO signaling pathways. The major plant antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, superoxide dismutases (SODs) peroxiredoxins (Prx) and all the enzymatic components of the ascorbate-glutathione (Asa-GSH) cycle, have been shown to be modulated to different degrees by NO-PTMs. This mini-review will update the recent knowledge concerning the interaction of NO with these antioxidant enzymes, with a special focus on the components of the Asa-GSH cycle and their physiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Begara-Morales
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Calvo
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Mounira Chaki
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Raquel Valderrama
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Capilla Mata-Pérez
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of JaénJaén, Spain
| | - María N. Padilla
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of JaénJaén, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranada, Spain
| | - Juan B. Barroso
- Group of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling in Nitric Oxide, Department of Experimental Biology, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of JaénJaén, Spain
- *Correspondence: Juan B. Barroso,
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140
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Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. Nitric Oxide Level Is Self-Regulating and Also Regulates Its ROS Partners. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:316. [PMID: 27014332 PMCID: PMC4795008 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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141
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Kovacs I, Holzmeister C, Wirtz M, Geerlof A, Fröhlich T, Römling G, Kuruthukulangarakoola GT, Linster E, Hell R, Arnold GJ, Durner J, Lindermayr C. ROS-Mediated Inhibition of S-nitrosoglutathione Reductase Contributes to the Activation of Anti-oxidative Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1669. [PMID: 27891135 PMCID: PMC5102900 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a signaling molecule in plants being involved in diverse physiological processes like germination, root growth, stomata closing and response to biotic and abiotic stress. S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) as a biological NO donor has a very important function in NO signaling since it can transfer its NO moiety to other proteins (trans-nitrosylation). Such trans-nitrosylation reactions are equilibrium reactions and depend on GSNO level. The breakdown of GSNO and thus the level of S-nitrosylated proteins are regulated by GSNO-reductase (GSNOR). In this way, this enzyme controls S-nitrosothiol levels and regulates NO signaling. Here we report that Arabidopsis thaliana GSNOR activity is reversibly inhibited by H2O2in vitro and by paraquat-induced oxidative stress in vivo. Light scattering analyses of reduced and oxidized recombinant GSNOR demonstrated that GSNOR proteins form dimers under both reducing and oxidizing conditions. Moreover, mass spectrometric analyses revealed that H2O2-treatment increased the amount of oxidative modifications on Zn2+-coordinating Cys47 and Cys177. Inhibition of GSNOR results in enhanced levels of S-nitrosothiols followed by accumulation of glutathione. Moreover, transcript levels of redox-regulated genes and activities of glutathione-dependent enzymes are increased in gsnor-ko plants, which may contribute to the enhanced resistance against oxidative stress. In sum, our results demonstrate that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent inhibition of GSNOR is playing an important role in activation of anti-oxidative mechanisms to damping oxidative damage and imply a direct crosstalk between ROS- and NO-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Kovacs
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Holzmeister
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Wirtz
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Arie Geerlof
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Gaby Römling
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
| | - Gitto T. Kuruthukulangarakoola
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
| | - Eric Linster
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hell
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg J. Arnold
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Jörg Durner
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Biochemische Pflanzenpathologie, Technische Universität MünchenFreising, Germany
| | - Christian Lindermayr
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christian Lindermayr,
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142
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Damiani I, Pauly N, Puppo A, Brouquisse R, Boscari A. Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide Control Early Steps of the Legume - Rhizobium Symbiotic Interaction. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:454. [PMID: 27092165 PMCID: PMC4824774 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The symbiotic interaction between legumes and nitrogen-fixing rhizobium bacteria leads to the formation of a new organ, the nodule. Early steps of the interaction are characterized by the production of bacterial Nod factors, the reorientation of root-hair tip growth, the formation of an infection thread (IT) in the root hair, and the induction of cell division in inner cortical cells of the root, leading to a nodule primordium formation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) have been detected in early steps of the interaction. ROS/NO are determinant signals to arbitrate the specificity of this mutualistic association and modifications in their content impair the development of the symbiotic association. The decrease of ROS level prevents root hair curling and ITs formation, and that of NO conducts to delayed nodule formation. In root hairs, NADPH oxidases were shown to produce ROS which could be involved in the hair tip growth process. The use of enzyme inhibitors suggests that nitrate reductase and NO synthase-like enzymes are the main route for NO production during the early steps of the interaction. Transcriptomic analyses point to the involvement of ROS and NO in the success of the infection process, the induction of early nodulin gene expression, and the repression of plant defense, thereby favoring the establishment of the symbiosis. The occurrence of an interplay between ROS and NO was further supported by the finding of both S-sulfenylated and S-nitrosylated proteins during early symbiotic interaction, linking ROS/NO production to a redox-based regulation of the symbiotic process.
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143
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Cheng T, Chen J, Ef AA, Wang P, Wang G, Hu X, Shi J. Quantitative proteomics analysis reveals that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and nitric oxide signaling enhance poplar defense against chilling stress. PLANTA 2015; 243:1081. [PMID: 26232921 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
NO acts as the essential signal to enhance poplar tolerance to chilling stress via antioxidant enzyme activities and protein S -nitrosylation modification, NO signal is also strictly controlled by S -nitrosoglutathione reductase and nitrate reductase to avoid the over-accumulation of reactive nitrogen species. Poplar (Populus trichocarpa) are fast growing woody plants with both ecological and economic value; however, the mechanisms by which poplar adapts to environmental stress are poorly understood. In this study, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification proteomic approach to characterize the response of poplar exposed to cold stress. We identified 114 proteins that were differentially expressed in plants exposed to cold stress. In particular, some of the proteins are involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) metabolism. Further physiological analysis showed that nitric oxide (NO) signaling activated a series of downstream defense responses. We further demonstrated that NO activated antioxidant enzyme activities and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activities, which would reduce ROS and RNS toxicity and thereby enhance poplar tolerance to cold stress. Suppressing NO accumulation or GSNOR activity aggravated cold damage to poplar leaves. Moreover, our results showed that RNS can suppress the activities of GSNOR and NO nitrate reductase (NR) by S-nitrosylation to fine-tune the NO signal and modulate ROS levels by modulating the S-nitrosylation of ascorbate peroxidase protein. Hence, our data demonstrate that NO signaling activates multiple pathways that enhance poplar tolerances to cold stress, and that NO signaling is strictly controlled through protein post-translational modification by S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Abd Allah Ef
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pengkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Guangping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiangyang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Jisen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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144
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Cheng T, Chen J, Ef AA, Wang P, Wang G, Hu X, Shi J. Quantitative proteomics analysis reveals that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and nitric oxide signaling enhance poplar defense against chilling stress. PLANTA 2015; 242:1361-90. [PMID: 26232921 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
NO acts as the essential signal to enhance poplar tolerance to chilling stress via antioxidant enzyme activities and protein S -nitrosylation modification, NO signal is also strictly controlled by S -nitrosoglutathione reductase and nitrate reductase to avoid the over-accumulation of reactive nitrogen species. Poplar (Populus trichocarpa) are fast growing woody plants with both ecological and economic value; however, the mechanisms by which poplar adapts to environmental stress are poorly understood. In this study, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification proteomic approach to characterize the response of poplar exposed to cold stress. We identified 114 proteins that were differentially expressed in plants exposed to cold stress. In particular, some of the proteins are involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) metabolism. Further physiological analysis showed that nitric oxide (NO) signaling activated a series of downstream defense responses. We further demonstrated that NO activated antioxidant enzyme activities and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) activities, which would reduce ROS and RNS toxicity and thereby enhance poplar tolerance to cold stress. Suppressing NO accumulation or GSNOR activity aggravated cold damage to poplar leaves. Moreover, our results showed that RNS can suppress the activities of GSNOR and NO nitrate reductase (NR) by S-nitrosylation to fine-tune the NO signal and modulate ROS levels by modulating the S-nitrosylation of ascorbate peroxidase protein. Hence, our data demonstrate that NO signaling activates multiple pathways that enhance poplar tolerances to cold stress, and that NO signaling is strictly controlled through protein post-translational modification by S-nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jinhui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Abd Allah Ef
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pengkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Guangping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiangyang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Jisen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biogeography, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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145
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Simontacchi M, Galatro A, Ramos-Artuso F, Santa-María GE. Plant Survival in a Changing Environment: The Role of Nitric Oxide in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:977. [PMID: 26617619 PMCID: PMC4637419 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide in plants may originate endogenously or come from surrounding atmosphere and soil. Interestingly, this gaseous free radical is far from having a constant level and varies greatly among tissues depending on a given plant's ontogeny and environmental fluctuations. Proper plant growth, vegetative development, and reproduction require the integration of plant hormonal activity with the antioxidant network, as well as the maintenance of concentration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species within a narrow range. Plants are frequently faced with abiotic stress conditions such as low nutrient availability, salinity, drought, high ultraviolet (UV) radiation and extreme temperatures, which can influence developmental processes and lead to growth restriction making adaptive responses the plant's priority. The ability of plants to respond and survive under environmental-stress conditions involves sensing and signaling events where nitric oxide becomes a critical component mediating hormonal actions, interacting with reactive oxygen species, and modulating gene expression and protein activity. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the role of nitric oxide in adaptive plant responses to some specific abiotic stress conditions, particularly low mineral nutrient supply, drought, salinity and high UV-B radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Simontacchi
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de La Plata–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasLa Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrea Galatro
- Physical Chemistry – Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Facundo Ramos-Artuso
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de La Plata–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasLa Plata, Argentina
| | - Guillermo E. Santa-María
- Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Universidad Nacional de San MartínChascomús, Argentina
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146
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Yang L, Fountain JC, Wang H, Ni X, Ji P, Lee RD, Kemerait RC, Scully BT, Guo B. Stress Sensitivity Is Associated with Differential Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Maize Genotypes with Contrasting Levels of Drought Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24791-819. [PMID: 26492235 PMCID: PMC4632777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress decreases crop growth, yield, and can further exacerbate pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination. Tolerance and adaptation to drought stress is an important trait of agricultural crops like maize. However, maize genotypes with contrasting drought tolerances have been shown to possess both common and genotype-specific adaptations to cope with drought stress. In this research, the physiological and metabolic response patterns in the leaves of maize seedlings subjected to drought stress were investigated using six maize genotypes including: A638, B73, Grace-E5, Lo964, Lo1016, and Va35. During drought treatments, drought-sensitive maize seedlings displayed more severe symptoms such as chlorosis and wilting, exhibited significant decreases in photosynthetic parameters, and accumulated significantly more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) than tolerant genotypes. Sensitive genotypes also showed rapid increases in enzyme activities involved in ROS and RNS metabolism. However, the measured antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in the tolerant genotypes than in the sensitive genotypes in which increased rapidly following drought stress. The results suggest that drought stress causes differential responses to oxidative and nitrosative stress in maize genotypes with tolerant genotypes with slower reaction and less ROS and RNS production than sensitive ones. These differential patterns may be utilized as potential biological markers for use in marker assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yang
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
| | - Jake C Fountain
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Xinzhi Ni
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Pingsheng Ji
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Robert D Lee
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Robert C Kemerait
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
| | - Brian T Scully
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA.
| | - Baozhu Guo
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
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147
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Correa-Aragunde N, Cejudo FJ, Lamattina L. Nitric oxide is required for the auxin-induced activation of NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase and protein denitrosylation during root growth responses in arabidopsis. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:695-702. [PMID: 26229066 PMCID: PMC4578003 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Auxin is the main phytohormone controlling root development in plants. This study uses pharmacological and genetic approaches to examine the role of auxin and nitric oxide (NO) in the activation of NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR), and the effect that this activity has on root growth responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. METHODS Arabidopsis seedlings were treated with auxin with or without the NTR inhibitors auranofin (ANF) and 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB). NTR activity, lateral root (LR) formation and S-nitrosothiol content were measured in roots. Protein S-nitrosylation was analysed by the biotin switch method in wild-type arabidopsis and in the double mutant ntra ntrb. KEY RESULTS The auxin-mediated induction of NTR activity is inhibited by the NO scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (CPTIO), suggesting that NO is downstream of auxin in this regulatory pathway. The NTR inhibitors ANF and DNCB prevent auxin-mediated activation of NTR and LR formation. Moreover, ANF and DNCB also inhibit auxin-induced DR5 : : GUS and BA3 : : GUS gene expression, suggesting that the auxin signalling pathway is compromised without full NTR activity. Treatment of roots with ANF and DNCB increases total nitrosothiols (SNO) content and protein S-nitrosylation, suggesting a role of the NTR-thioredoxin (Trx)-redox system in protein denitrosylation. In agreement with these results, the level of S-nitrosylated proteins is increased in the arabidopsis double mutant ntra ntrb as compared with the wild-type. CONCLUSIONS The results support for the idea that NTR is involved in protein denitrosylation during auxin-mediated root development. The fact that a high NO concentration induces NTR activity suggests that a feedback mechanism to control massive and unregulated protein S-nitrosylation could be operating in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Correa-Aragunde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. CC 1245, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina and
| | - Francisco J Cejudo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and CSIC, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Lamattina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. CC 1245, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina and
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148
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Krapp A. Plant nitrogen assimilation and its regulation: a complex puzzle with missing pieces. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 25:115-22. [PMID: 26037390 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for plants that is available in agricultural soils mainly as macronutrients in the form of nitrate and ammonium. Interplay between high-affinity and low-affinity transporters ensures efficient uptake from the soil even under highly fluctuating N availability. After uptake, N assimilation comprises the reduction of nitrate to ammonium and its subsequent incorporation into amino acids. Amino acids, but also nitrate, are transported from root to shoot and vice versa. Most steps of N transport and assimilation are tightly controlled by a regulatory network acting both cell-autonomously and systemically. N sensors, transcription factors and further regulatory players have been identified during recent years, elucidating parts of the huge puzzle that represents the efficient use of N by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Krapp
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Saclay Plant Sciences, RD10, F-78000 Versailles, France; AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, RD10, F-78000 Versailles, France.
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149
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Sun H, Li J, Song W, Tao J, Huang S, Chen S, Hou M, Xu G, Zhang Y. Nitric oxide generated by nitrate reductase increases nitrogen uptake capacity by inducing lateral root formation and inorganic nitrogen uptake under partial nitrate nutrition in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:2449-59. [PMID: 25784715 PMCID: PMC4986861 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that partial nitrate nutrition (PNN) can be attributed to improved plant growth and nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) in rice. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signalling molecule involved in many physiological processes during plant development and nitrogen (N) assimilation. It remains unclear whether molecular NO improves NUE through PNN. Two rice cultivars (cvs Nanguang and Elio), with high and low NUE, respectively, were used in the analysis of NO production, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, lateral root (LR) density, and (15)N uptake under PNN, with or without NO production donor and inhibitors. PNN increased NO accumulation in cv. Nanguang possibly through the NIA2-dependent NR pathway. PNN-mediated NO increases contributed to LR initiation, (15)NH₄(+)/(15)NO₃(-) influx into the root, and levels of ammonium and nitrate transporters in cv. Nanguang but not cv. Elio. Further results revealed marked and specific induction of LR initiation and (15)NH₄(+)/(15)NO₃(-) influx into the roots of plants supplied with NH₄(+)+sodium nitroprusside (SNP) relative to those supplied with NH₄(+) alone, and considerable inhibition upon the application of cPTIO or tungstate (NR inhibitor) in addition to PNN, which is in agreement with the change in NO fluorescence in the two rice cultivars. The findings suggest that NO generated by the NR pathway plays a pivotal role in improving the N acquisition capacity by increasing LR initiation and the inorganic N uptake rate, which may represent a strategy for rice plants to adapt to a fluctuating nitrate supply and increase NUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenjing Song
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jinyuan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuangjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Si Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengmeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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150
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Domingos P, Prado AM, Wong A, Gehring C, Feijo JA. Nitric oxide: a multitasked signaling gas in plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2015; 8:506-20. [PMID: 25680232 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous reactive oxygen species (ROS) that has evolved as a signaling hormone in many physiological processes in animals. In plants it has been demonstrated to be a crucial regulator of development, acting as a signaling molecule present at each step of the plant life cycle. NO has also been implicated as a signal in biotic and abiotic responses of plants to the environment. Remarkably, despite this plethora of effects and functional relationships, the fundamental knowledge of NO production, sensing, and transduction in plants remains largely unknown or inadequately characterized. In this review we cover the current understanding of NO production, perception, and action in different physiological scenarios. We especially address the issues of enzymatic and chemical generation of NO in plants, NO sensing and downstream signaling, namely the putative cGMP and Ca(2+) pathways, ion-channel activity modulation, gene expression regulation, and the interface with other ROS, which can have a profound effect on both NO accumulation and function. We also focus on the importance of NO in cell-cell communication during developmental processes and sexual reproduction, namely in pollen tube guidance and embryo sac fertilization, pathogen defense, and responses to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aloysius Wong
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Christoph Gehring
- Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose A Feijo
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, P-2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 0118 BioScience Research Building, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA.
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