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Zhu YX, Jia HR, Gao G, Pan GY, Jiang YW, Li P, Zhou N, Li C, She C, Ulrich NW, Chen Z, Wu FG. Mitochondria-acting nanomicelles for destruction of cancer cells via excessive mitophagy/autophagy-driven lethal energy depletion and phototherapy. Biomaterials 2020; 232:119668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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102
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Kinzler MN, Zielke S, Kardo S, Meyer N, Kögel D, van Wijk SJL, Fulda S. STF-62247 and pimozide induce autophagy and autophagic cell death in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:687. [PMID: 31959760 PMCID: PMC6971264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of autophagy can have beneficial effects in several human diseases, e.g. cancer and neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Here, we therefore evaluated the potential of two novel autophagy-inducing compounds, i.e. STF-62247 and pimozide, to stimulate autophagy as well as autophagic cell death (ACD) using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as a cellular model. Importantly, both STF-62247 and pimozide triggered several hallmarks of autophagy in MEFs, i.e. enhanced levels of LC3B-II protein, its accumulation at distinct cytosolic sites and increase of the autophagic flux. Intriguingly, autophagy induction by STF-62247 and pimozide resulted in cell death that was significantly reduced in ATG5- or ATG7-deficient MEFs. Consistent with ACD induction, pharmacological inhibitors of apoptosis, necroptosis or ferroptosis failed to protect MEFs from STF-62247- or pimozide-triggered cell death. Interestingly, at subtoxic concentrations, pimozide stimulated fragmentation of the mitochondrial network, degradation of mitochondrial proteins (i.e. mitofusin-2 and cytochrome c oxidase IV (COXIV)) as well as a decrease of the mitochondrial mass, indicative of autophagic degradation of mitochondria by pimozide. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into the induction of selective autophagy as well as ACD by STF-62247 and pimozide in MEFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian N Kinzler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Komturstr. 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Svenja Zielke
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Komturstr. 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simon Kardo
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Komturstr. 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nina Meyer
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Donat Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J L van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Komturstr. 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Komturstr. 3a, 60528, Frankfurt, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) remains a difficult disease to treat. The standard chemotherapy regimen has not improved survival for the past three decades. Resistance to chemotherapy remains a challenge and constitutes a major concern to clinical investigators. Autophagy has been recognized as a survival mechanism implicated in resistance to chemotherapy. We previously demonstrated chemotherapy to induce autophagy in OS. However, whether induction of autophagy will lead to survival or death has been the focus of many laboratories. Autophagy is a very context-dependent process, and no specific biomarker has been identified to define whether the process will lead to survival or death. In the present chapter, we present some of the mechanisms involved in the process of autophagy and summarize some of the most recent work related to autophagy in OS and the challenges encountered with the use of old and new autophagy inhibitors.
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Autophagy Promotes Porcine Parvovirus Replication and Induces Non-Apoptotic Cell Death in Porcine Placental Trophoblasts. Viruses 2019; 12:v12010015. [PMID: 31861933 PMCID: PMC7020067 DOI: 10.3390/v12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays important roles in the infection and pathogenesis of many viruses, yet the regulatory roles of autophagy in the process of porcine parvovirus (PPV) infection remain unclear. Herein, we show that PPV infection induces autophagy in porcine placental trophoblasts (PTCs). Induction of autophagy by rapamycin (RAPA) inhibited the occurrence of apoptotic cell death, yet promoted viral replication in PPV-infected cells; inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA or ATG5 knockdown increased cellular apoptosis and reduced PPV replication. Interestingly, we found that in the presence of caspase-inhibitor zVAD-fmk, PPV induces non-apoptotic cell death that was characterized by lysosomal damage and associated with autophagy. Induction of complete autophagy flux by RAPA markedly promoted PPV replication compared with incomplete autophagy induced by RAPA plus bafilomycin (RAPA/BAF) in the early phase of PPV infection (24 h.p.i.). Meanwhile, induction of complete autophagy with RAPA increased lysosomal damage and non-apoptotic cell death in the later phase of PPV infection. Therefore, our data suggest that autophagy can enhance PPV replication and promote the occurrence of lysosomal-damage-associated non-apoptotic cell death in PPV-infected porcine placental trophoblasts.
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105
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Zhou J, Jiang YY, Chen H, Wu YC, Zhang L. Tanshinone I attenuates the malignant biological properties of ovarian cancer by inducing apoptosis and autophagy via the inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Cell Prolif 2019; 53:e12739. [PMID: 31820522 PMCID: PMC7046305 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Tanshinone I (Tan‐I) is one of the vital fatsoluble monomer components, which extracted from Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. It has been shown that Tan‐I exhibited anti‐tumour activities on different types of cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms by which Tan‐Ⅰ regulates apoptosis and autophagy in ovarian cancer remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to access the therapy effect of Tan‐Ⅰ and the underlying mechanisms. Methods Ovarian cancer cells A2780 and ID‐8 were treated with different concentrations of Tan‐Ⅰ (0, 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 and 9.6 μg/mL) for 24 hours. The cell proliferation was analysed by CCK8 assay, EdU staining and clone formation assay. Apoptosis was assessed by the TUNEL assay and flow cytometry. The protein levels of apoptosis protein (Caspase‐3), autophagy protein (Beclin1, ATG7, p62 and LC3II/LC3I) and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway were determined by Western blot. Autophagic vacuoles in cells were observed with LC3 dyeing using confocal fluorescent microscopy. Anti‐tumour activity of Tan‐Ⅰ was accessed by subcutaneous xeno‐transplanted tumour model of human ovarian cancer in nude mice. The Ki67, Caspase‐3 level and apoptosis level were analysed by immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining. Results Tan‐Ⅰ inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells A2780 and ID‐8 in a dose‐dependent manner, based on CCK8 assay, EdU staining and clone formation assay. In additional, Tan‐Ⅰ induced cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy in a dose‐dependent manner in ovarian cancer cells by TUNEL assay, flow cytometry and Western blot. Tan‐Ⅰ significantly inhibited tumour growth by inducing cell apoptosis and autophagy. Mechanistically, Tan‐Ⅰ activated apoptosis‐associated protein Caspase‐3 cleavage to promote cell apoptosis and inhibited PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to induce autophagy. Conclusions This is the first evidence that Tan‐Ⅰ induced apoptosis and promoted autophagy via the inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway on ovarian cancer and further inhibited tumour growth, which might be considered as effective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Jiang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yi-Chao Wu
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
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106
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Man S, Wang H, Zhou J, Lu Y, Su Y, Ma L. Cardiac Glycoside Compound Isolated from Helleborus thibetanus Franch Displays Potent Toxicity against HeLa Cervical Carcinoma Cells through ROS-Independent Autophagy. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2479-2487. [PMID: 31714069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to examine the anticancer activity of HTF-1, a cardiac glycoside (CG) isolated from Helleborus thibetanus Franch, using a cell-based model and to discover the underlying mechanisms with specific focus on autophagy. We found that HTF-1 was able to potently decrease the viability of several cancer cell lines especially for HeLa cervical carcinoma cells. It was discovered that HTF-1 dose dependently induced overproduction of ROS in HeLa cells, and the cell viability can be rescued when adding ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). More, we found that HTF-1 induced ROS-independent autophagy in concentration- and time-dependent manners in HeLa cells. This can be collectively verified by LC3-II and p62 abundance and also eGFP-LC3 puncta assay, bafilomycin clamp experiment, and acidotropic dye fluorescent labeling experiment. Additionally, TEM examination showed more autophagic vacuoles for HTF-1-treated HeLa cells. In HeLa cells, pretreatment with wortmannin (an inhibitor of the initial stages of autophagy to block autophagosome formation, thus, it should weaken the autophagy induction effect of HTF-1) decreased the autophagic flux and partially antagonized cell death induced by HTF-1, indicating that autophagy induced by HTF-1 played a cancer-suppressing role. Furthermore, coadministration of BAF (as a distal inhibitor of autophagy) with HTF-1 demonstrated a synergistic anticancer effect against HeLa cells. We believe that our work will enrich the understanding of CGs and especially anticarcinoma activity, also, pave the way for natural-product-based anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, School of Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Haiyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, School of Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Jin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, School of Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Yingying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, School of Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
| | - Yanfang Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, School of Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science & Technology , Tianjin 300457 , China
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107
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Ning J, Lin Z, Zhao X, Zhao B, Miao J. Inhibiting lysine 353 oxidation of GRP78 by a hypochlorous probe targeting endoplasmic reticulum promotes autophagy in cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:858. [PMID: 31719525 PMCID: PMC6851114 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The level of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in cancer cells is higher than that in non-cancer cells. HOCl is an essential signal for the regulation of cell fate and works mainly through the protein post-translational modifications in cancer cells. However, the mechanism of HOCl regulating autophagy has not been clarified. Here we reported that a HOCl probe named ZBM-H targeted endoplasmic reticulum and induced an intact autophagy flux in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, ZBM-H promoted the binding of GRP78 to AMPK and increased the phosphorylation of AMPK in a dose- and time-dependent manner. GRP78 knockdown inhibited ZBM-H-induced AMPK phosphorylation and ZBM-H-stimulated autophagy. In addition, mass spectrometry combined with point mutation experiments revealed that ZBM-H increased GRP78 activity by inhibiting HOCl-induced lysine 353 oxidation of GRP78. Following ZBM-H treatment in vitro and in vivo, cell growth was significantly inhibited while apoptosis was induced. Nevertheless, exogenous HOCl partially reversed ZBM-H-inhibited cell growth and ZBM-H-induced GRP78 activation. In brief, we found that an endoplasmic reticulum-targeted HOCl probe named ZBM-H, acting through attenuating HOCl-induced GRP78 oxidation, inhibited tumor cell survival by promoting autophagy and apoptosis. Overall, these data demonstrated a novel mechanism of hypochlorous acid regulating autophagy by promoting the oxidation modification of GRP78.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ning
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Zhaomin Lin
- Central Research Laboratory, the Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Baoxiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Junying Miao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
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108
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Holczer M, Hajdú B, Lőrincz T, Szarka A, Bánhegyi G, Kapuy O. A Double Negative Feedback Loop between mTORC1 and AMPK Kinases Guarantees Precise Autophagy Induction upon Cellular Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225543. [PMID: 31703252 PMCID: PMC6888297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is controlled by an evolutionary conserved cellular digestive process called autophagy. This mechanism is tightly regulated by the two sensor elements called mTORC1 and AMPK. mTORC1 is one of the master regulators of proteostasis, while AMPK maintains cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK is able to promote autophagy by phosphorylating ULK1, the key inducer of autophagosome formation, while mTORC1 downregulates the self-eating process via ULK1 under nutrient rich conditions. We claim that the feedback loops of the AMPK–mTORC1–ULK1 regulatory triangle guarantee the appropriate response mechanism when nutrient and/or energy supply changes. In our opinion, there is an essential double negative feedback loop between mTORC1 and AMPK. Namely, not only does AMPK downregulate mTORC1, but mTORC1 also inhibits AMPK and this inhibition is required to keep AMPK inactive at physiological conditions. The aim of the present study was to explore the dynamical characteristic of AMPK regulation upon various cellular stress events. We approached our scientific analysis from a systems biology perspective by incorporating both theoretical and molecular biological techniques. In this study, we confirmed that AMPK is essential to promote autophagy, but is not sufficient to maintain it. AMPK activation is followed by ULK1 induction, where protein has a key role in keeping autophagy active. ULK1-controlled autophagy is always preceded by AMPK activation. With both ULK1 depletion and mTORC1 hyper-activation (i.e., TSC1/2 downregulation), we demonstrate that a double negative feedback loop between AMPK and mTORC1 is crucial for the proper dynamic features of the control network. Our computer simulations have further proved the dynamical characteristic of AMPK–mTORC1–ULK1 controlled cellular nutrient sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Holczer
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.H.); (B.H.); (G.B.)
| | - Bence Hajdú
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.H.); (B.H.); (G.B.)
| | - Tamás Lőrincz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary; (T.L.); (A.S.)
| | - András Szarka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary; (T.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Gábor Bánhegyi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.H.); (B.H.); (G.B.)
- Pathobiochemistry Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Kapuy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (M.H.); (B.H.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-1266-2615
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109
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DiPrima M, Wang D, Tröster A, Maric D, Terrades-Garcia N, Ha T, Kwak H, Sanchez-Martin D, Kudlinzki D, Schwalbe H, Tosato G. Identification of Eph receptor signaling as a regulator of autophagy and a therapeutic target in colorectal carcinoma. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:2441-2459. [PMID: 31545551 PMCID: PMC6822245 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced colorectal carcinoma is currently incurable, and new therapies are urgently needed. We report that phosphotyrosine‐dependent Eph receptor signaling sustains colorectal carcinoma cell survival, thereby uncovering a survival pathway active in colorectal carcinoma cells. We find that genetic and biochemical inhibition of Eph tyrosine kinase activity or depletion of the Eph ligand EphrinB2 reproducibly induces colorectal carcinoma cell death by autophagy. Spautin and 3‐methyladenine, inhibitors of early steps in the autophagic pathway, significantly reduce autophagy‐mediated cell death that follows inhibition of phosphotyrosine‐dependent Eph signaling in colorectal cancer cells. A small‐molecule inhibitor of the Eph kinase, NVP‐BHG712 or its regioisomer NVP‐Iso, reduces human colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in mice. Colorectal cancers express the EphrinB ligand and its Eph receptors at significantly higher levels than numerous other cancer types, supporting Eph signaling inhibition as a potential new strategy for the broad treatment of colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael DiPrima
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dunrui Wang
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alix Tröster
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dragan Maric
- National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nekane Terrades-Garcia
- Vasculitis Research Unit, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Taekyu Ha
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hyeongil Kwak
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Sanchez-Martin
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Denis Kudlinzki
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Giovanna Tosato
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
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110
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Lorente M, García-Casas A, Salvador N, Martínez-López A, Gabicagogeascoa E, Velasco G, López-Palomar L, Castillo-Lluva S. Inhibiting SUMO1-mediated SUMOylation induces autophagy-mediated cancer cell death and reduces tumour cell invasion via RAC1. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.234120. [PMID: 31578236 PMCID: PMC6826015 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.234120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications directly control protein activity and, thus, they represent an important means to regulate the responses of cells to different stimuli. Protein SUMOylation has recently been recognised as one such modification, and it has been associated with various diseases, including different types of cancer. However, the precise way that changes in SUMOylation influence the tumorigenic properties of cells remains to be fully clarified. Here, we show that blocking the SUMO pathway by depleting SUMO1 and UBC9, or by exposure to ginkgolic acid C15:1 or 2-D08 (two different SUMOylation inhibitors), induces cell death, also inhibiting the invasiveness of tumour cells. Indeed, diminishing the formation of SUMO1 complexes induces autophagy-mediated cancer cell death through increasing the expression of Tribbles pseudokinase 3 (TRIB3). Moreover, we found that blocking the SUMO pathway inhibits tumour cell invasion by decreasing RAC1 SUMOylation. These findings shed new light on the mechanisms by which SUMO1 modifications regulate the survival, and the migratory and invasive capacity of tumour cells, potentially establishing the bases to develop novel anti-cancer treatments based on the inhibition of SUMOylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Lorente
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ana García-Casas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Nélida Salvador
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Angélica Martínez-López
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Gabicagogeascoa
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Lucía López-Palomar
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Sonia Castillo-Lluva
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain .,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid 28040, Spain
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111
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Zhang Y, Li C, Liu X, Wang Y, Zhao R, Yang Y, Zheng X, Zhang Y, Zhang X. circHIPK3 promotes oxaliplatin-resistance in colorectal cancer through autophagy by sponging miR-637. EBioMedicine 2019; 48:277-288. [PMID: 31631038 PMCID: PMC6838436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy is a major cause of recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. There is increasing evidence indicating that circHIPK3 is involved in the development and progression of tumours. However, little is known about the potential role of circHIPK3 in CRC chemotherapy and its molecular mechanisms in chemoresistance also remain unclear. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect circHIPK3 expression in tissues of 2 cohorts of CRC patients who received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. The chemoresistant effects of circHIPK3 were assessed by cell viability, apoptosis, and autophagy assays. The relationship between circHIPK3, miR-637, and STAT3 mRNA was confirmed by biotinylated RNA pull-down, luciferase reporter, and western blot assays. FINDINGS In the pilot study, increased circHIPK3 expression was observed in chemoresistant CRC patients. Functional assays showed that circHIPK3 promoted oxaliplatin resistance, which was dependent on inhibition of autophagy. Mechanistically, circHIPK3 sponged miR-637 to promote STAT3 expression, thereby activating the downstream Bcl-2/beclin1 signalling pathway. A clinical cohort study showed that circHIPK3 was upregulated in tissues from recurrent CRC patients and correlated with tumour size, regional lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and survival. INTERPRETATION circHIPK3 functions as a chemoresistant gene in CRC cells by targeting the miR-637/STAT3/Bcl-2/beclin1 axis and might be a prognostic predictor for CRC patients who receive oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China (81301506), Shandong Medical and Health Technology Development Project(2018WSB20002), Shandong Key Research and Development Program (2016GSF201122), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2017MH044), and Jinan Science and Technology Development Plan(201805084, 201805003).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, 250031, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, 250031, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yanlei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yongmei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, PR China.
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Autophagy, lysosome dysfunction and mTOR inhibition in MNU-induced photoreceptor cell damage. Tissue Cell 2019; 61:98-108. [PMID: 31759414 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Progressive photoreceptor death is the main cause of retinal degeneration diseases. Determining the underlying mechanism of this process is essential for therapy improvement. Autophagy has long been considered to be involved in neuronal degeneration diseases, and the regulation of autophagy is thought to have potential implications for neurodegenerative disease therapies. However, whether autophagy is protective or destructive varies among diseases and is controversial. In the present study, we established an N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced photoreceptor cell damage model in vitro that faithfully replicated photoreceptor cell death in retinal degeneration diseases. Cell viability was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxy-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed through 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescence. Autophagy was confirmed by observing autophagosomes using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A lysosome tracker was used to identify acidic lysosomes in cells. We also measured the expression of some proteins related to autophagy, apoptosis and lysosomal degradation by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. We found that MNU could decrease photoreceptor cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and this change was accompanied by concomitant increases in ROS and the expression of the apoptosis-inducing protein cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, autophagy was activated by MNU treatment during this process. Inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine accelerated cell damage. Lysosome dysfunction was confirmed by autophagosome enlargement and increased cathepsin expression, which was accompanied by mTOR dephosphorylation. In conclusion, autophagy was activated through inhibition of the PI3K/mTOR pathway in the context of MNU-induced photoreceptor cell death. Prolonged mTOR dephosphorylation and autophagy activation resulted in autophagic vacuole accumulation, as indicated by inefficient degradation in lysosomes, and further led to apoptosis.
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Mo H, He J, Yuan Z, Wu Z, Liu B, Lin X, Guan J. PLK1 contributes to autophagy by regulating MYC stabilization in osteosarcoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7527-7536. [PMID: 31571905 PMCID: PMC6750617 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s210575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background PLK1, a typical PLK protein, is the main driver of cancer cell growth and proliferation. It is an inhibitor of the protein kinases that is currently being investigated in clinical studies. It is often used as a tumor marker, as high PLK1 expression correlates with poor prognosis in cancer. Overexpression of MYC is a hallmark of many human cancers. MYC modulates the transcription of thousands of genes that required to coordinate a series of cellular processes, including those essential for growth, proliferation, differentiation, self-renewal and apoptosis. To date, functions of PLK1 and MYC on tumor are mostly studied in separate researches, and studies on their mutual crosstalk are lacking. Purpose To investigate the mechanism of PLK1 and MYC in regulating progress of osteosarcoma. Methods Protein level was examined using Western blot. Animal experiments were performed with female FOX CHASE severe combined immunodeficient mice. Mice were randomly divided into experimental or control groups. Results PLK1 or MYC promoted the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells through the autophagy pathway. PLK1 contributed to MYC protein stabilization. PLK1 inhibition enhanced MYC degradation in osteosarcoma cells. PLK1 inhibition led to a marked decline in MYC protein abundance. The representative MYC target genes were deregulated by PLK1 inhibitors. BI2536 treatment caused a significant delay in xenograft tumor growth in mice injected with U-2 OS cells subcutaneously, with lower mean tumor weight compared to the control group. Conclusion PLK1 is crucial for MYC stabilization. It promotes cell proliferation by autophagy pathway in osteosarcoma cells. Data validate PLK1 as a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma caused by MYC-amplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Mo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Juliang He
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenchao Yuan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Guan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Molecular mechanisms of fumonisin B1-induced toxicities and its applications in the mechanism-based interventions. Toxicon 2019; 167:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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115
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Das CK, Banerjee I, Mandal M. Pro-survival autophagy: An emerging candidate of tumor progression through maintaining hallmarks of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 66:59-74. [PMID: 31430557 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that regulates the cellular homeostasis by targeting damaged cellular contents and organelles for lysosomal degradation and sustains genomic integrity, cellular metabolism, and cell survival during diverse stress and adverse conditions. Recently, the role of autophagy is extremely debated in the regulation of cancer initiation and progression. Although autophagy has a dichotomous role in the regulation of cancer, growing numbers of studies largely indicate the pro-survival role of autophagy in cancer progression and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the detailed mechanisms of autophagy, the role of pro-survival autophagy that positively drives several classical as well as emerging hallmarks of cancer for tumorigenic progression, and also we address various autophagy inhibitors that could be harnessed against pro-survival autophagy for effective cancer therapeutics. Finally, we highlight some outstanding problems that need to be deciphered extensively in the future to unravel the role of autophagy in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kanta Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Banerjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
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Koenig U, Robenek H, Barresi C, Brandstetter M, Resch GP, Gröger M, Pap T, Hartmann C. Cell death induced autophagy contributes to terminal differentiation of skin and skin appendages. Autophagy 2019; 16:932-945. [PMID: 31379249 PMCID: PMC7144843 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1646552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the adult mammalian skin, cells are constantly renewing, differentiating and moving upward, to finally die in a yet not fully understood manner. Here, we provide evidence that macroautophagy/autophagy has a dual role in the skin. In addition to its known catabolic protective role as an evolutionary conserved upstream regulator of lysosomal degradation, we show that autophagy induced cell death (CDA) occurs in epithelial lineage-derived organs, such as the inter-follicular epidermis, the sebaceous- and the Harderian gland. By utilizing GFP-LC3 transgenic and ATG7-deficient mice, we show that CDA is initiated during terminal differentiation at a stage when the cells have become highly resistant to apoptosis. In these transitional cells, the Golgi compartment expands, which accounts for the formation of primary lysosomes, and the nucleus starts to condense. During CDA a burst of autophagosome formation is observed, first the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is phagocytosed followed by autophagy of the nucleus. By this selective form of cell death, most of the cytoplasmic organelles are degraded, but structural proteins remain intact. In the absence of autophagy, consequently, parts of the ER, ribosomes, and chromatin remain. A burst of autophagy was stochastically observed in single cells of the epidermis and collectively in larger areas of ductal cells, arguing for a coordinated induction. We conclude that autophagy is an integral part of cell death in keratinocyte lineage cells and participates in their terminal cell fate. Abbreviations: Atg7: autophagy related 7; BECN1: beclin 1; CDA: cell death-induced autophagy; Cre: Cre-recombinase; DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; ER: endoplasmatic reticulum; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HaGl: haderian gland; IVL: involucrin; KRT14: keratin 14; LD: lipid droplet; LSM: laser scanning microscope; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; PN: perinuclear space; RB: residual body; rER: rough endoplasmatic reticulum; SB: sebum; SG-SC: stratum granulosum – stratum corneum; SGl: sebaceous gland; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Koenig
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Previous Address: Research Division of Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Horst Robenek
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Bone and Skeletal Research, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Caterina Barresi
- Previous Address: Research Division of Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Current Address: Children´s Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Brandstetter
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guenter P Resch
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities GmbH, Vienna, Austria.,Current Address: Nexperion e.U.-Solutions for Electron Microscopy, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Gröger
- Imaging Unit, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Pap
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christine Hartmann
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Bone and Skeletal Research, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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Yao J, Zhang J, Tai W, Deng S, Li T, Wu W, Pu L, Fan D, Lei W, Zhang T, Dong Z. High-Dose Paraquat Induces Human Bronchial 16HBE Cell Death and Aggravates Acute Lung Intoxication in Mice by Regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 Signal Pathway. Inflammation 2019; 42:471-484. [PMID: 30734183 PMCID: PMC6449493 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-00956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) intoxication seriously endangers human beings’ health, however, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here we found that PQ inhibits human bronchial 16HBE cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis, necrosis as well as ROS generation in a dose dependent manner. Of note, low-dose PQ (50 μM) induces cell autophagy, increases Nrf2 as well as p65 levels and has little impacts on Keap1, while high-dose PQ (500 μM) inhibits autophagy, upregulates Keap1 as well as downregulates p65 and Nrf2. In addition, we verified that p65 overexpression increases Nrf2 and its downstream targets in 16HBE cells, which are reversed by synergistically knocking down Nrf2. Our further results showed that high-dose PQ’s effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, ROS levels and autophagy are reversed by p65 overexpression. Besides, the protective effects of overexpressed p65 on high-dose PQ (500 μM) treated 16HBE cells are abrogated by synergistically knocking down Nrf2. In vivo experiments also showed that high-dose PQ promotes inflammatory cytokines secretion, lung fibrosis and cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation in mice models by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway. Therefore, we concluded that high-dose PQ (500 μM) inhibits 16HBE cell proliferation and autophagy, promotes cell death and mice lung fibrosis by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexiong Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine Ward 5, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510507, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, China
| | - Wenlin Tai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Molecular Diagnostic Center, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuhao Deng
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Pu
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Du Fan
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen Lei
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaoxing Dong
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China.
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Tingting C, Shizhou Y, Songfa Z, Junfen X, Weiguo L, Xiaodong C, Xing X. Human papillomavirus 16E6/E7 activates autophagy via Atg9B and LAMP1 in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4404-4416. [PMID: 31215164 PMCID: PMC6675746 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Although the role of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 in cellular malignant transformation has been elucidated, the function of both genes in cellular homeostasis is still unknown. Autophagy functions in maintenance of cellular homeostasis play a key role in the initiation and development of cancer and infectious disease. METHODS Cervical cancer cell lines SiHa and CaSki were utilized in this study. RESULTS We found that HPV 16E6/E7 (16E6/E7) downregulation inhibited autophagy, and consequently suppressed cell proliferation and promoted early apoptosis. Transcriptome sequencing demonstrated that Atg9B and LAMP1 were downregulated in 16E6/E7 knockdown cells. Gene function experiments revealed that 16E6/E7 downregulation depressed Atg9B and LAMP1, and Atg9B and LAMP1 overexpression compensated, at least partially, autophagy blockage induced by 16E6/E7 knockdown. Immunoprecipitation assay showed that 16E7 interacted with Atg9B and dual-luciferase reporter system revealed that 16E6 most likely regulated -1750 to -2000 nt in Atg9B and -1800 to -2000 nt in LAMP1 promoter region. CONCLUSIONS Our findings verified that 16E6/E7 activated autophagy via accelerating autophagosome formation and degradation, and Atg9B and LAMP1 were involved in the process of 16E6/E7 modulating autophagy, suggesting that targeting autophagy may be a potential approach in cervical cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tingting
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yang Shizhou
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zhang Songfa
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xu Junfen
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lu Weiguo
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Cheng Xiaodong
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xie Xing
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyWomen's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Zhou W, Chen T, Wu Q, Chutturghoon VK, Lin B, Geng L, Yang Z, Zhou L, Zheng S. YAP promotes multi-drug resistance and inhibits autophagy-related cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma via the RAC1-ROS-mTOR pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:179. [PMID: 31337986 PMCID: PMC6626386 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multi-drug resistance is the major cause of chemotherapy failure in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). YAP, a critical effector of the Hippo pathway, has been shown to contribute to the progression, metastasis and invasion of cancers. However, the potential role of YAP in mediating drug resistance remains obscure. Methods RT-qPCR and western blot were used to assess YAP expression in HCC cell lines. CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry, a xenograft tumour model, immunochemistry and GFP-mRFP-LC3 fusion proteins were utilized to evaluate the effect of YAP on multi-drug resistance, intracellular ROS production and the autophagy of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Autophagy inhibitor and rescue experiments were carried out to elucidate the mechanism by which YAP promotes chemoresistance in HCC cells. Results We found that BEL/FU, a typical HCC cell line with chemoresistance, exhibited overexpression of YAP. Moreover, the inhibition of YAP by shRNA or verteporfin conferred the sensitivity of BEL/FU cells to chemotherapeutic agents through autophagy-related cell death in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, YAP silencing significantly enhanced autophagic flux by increasing RAC1-driven ROS, which contributed to the inactivation of mTOR in HCC cells. In addition, the antagonist of autophagy reversed the enhanced effect of YAP silencing on cell death under treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. Conclusion Our findings suggested that YAP upregulation endowed HCC cells with multi-drug resistance via the RAC1-ROS-mTOR pathway, resulting in the repression of autophagy-related cell death. The blockade of YAP may serve as a promising novel therapeutic strategy for overcoming chemoresistance in HCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0898-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuhua Zhou
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,6Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Tianchi Chen
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinchuan Wu
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Vikram Kumar Chutturghoon
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingyi Lin
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Geng
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- 1Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,2Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China.,4Key Laboratory of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Organ Transplantation, CAMS, Hangzhou, China.,5Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Tan M, Jiang B, Wang H, Ouyang W, Chen X, Wang T, Dong D, Yi S, Yi J, Huang Y, Tang M, Xiao Y, Jiang Z, Zhou W. Dihydromyricetin induced lncRNA MALAT1 -TFEB-dependent autophagic cell death in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:4245-4255. [PMID: 31413743 PMCID: PMC6691703 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most common skin cancer. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a Rattan tea extract, has been shown to have antitumor activity with no obvious toxicity to normal cells in vitro and in vivo. However, its efficacy in the treatment of CSCC and the underlying antitumor mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. In our study, DHM increased autophagic flux in the A431 cells, as evidenced by the upregulation of LC3-II and downregulation of P62/SQSTM1. Moreover, the pharmacological or genetic blocking autophagy decreased DHM-induced cell death, indicating DHM triggered autophagic cell death in A431 cells. Specifically, DHM induced TFEB(Ser142) de-phosphorylation, activated TFEB nuclear translocation and increased of TFEB reporter activity, which contributed to the expression of autophagy-related genes and subsequent initiated autophagic cell death in A431 cells. Importantly, DHM decreased lncRNA MALAT1 expression and MALAT1 overexpression abrogated the effects of DHM on TFEB-dependent autophagy both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, DHM induces CSCC cell death via inducing excessive autophagy, which is mediated through the MALAT1-TFEB pathway. Therefore, DHM may be beneficial for the development of chemotherapy for CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miduo Tan
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Hospital University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Taoli Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Shun Yi
- Department of General surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Jiansheng Yi
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Manling Tang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Zuiming Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Surgery Department of Galactophore, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou 412000, China
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Physcion 8-O-β-Glucopyranoside Alleviates Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Injury by Inducing Autophagy Through AMPK/SIRT1 Signaling[RETRACTED]. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2019; 74:53-61. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Chavez Soria NG, Aga DS, Atilla-Gokcumen GE. Lipidomics reveals insights on the biological effects of copper oxide nanoparticles in a human colon carcinoma cell line. Mol Omics 2019; 15:30-38. [PMID: 30560257 DOI: 10.1039/c8mo00162f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials have unique properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are one example of nanomaterials used in a wide range of consumer products due to their conductivity and biocidal properties. While CuO NPs can induce toxicity in various organisms, their interactions with different organisms and how they affect cellular homeostasis is yet to be fully understood. In this work, the toxicity of CuO NPs was evaluated in different human cell lines (colorectal carcinoma, cervical cancer, embryonic kidney, and lung fibroblast), showing a dose-dependent toxicity. An untargeted lipidomics approach using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry was employed in a human colon carcinoma cell line to investigate the impact of CuO NP exposure at the cellular level. A 24 h CuO NP exposure at 2.5 and 5 μg mL-1 resulted in upregulation of different metabolites: triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, and ceramides accumulated. The most profound increase in a dose-dependent manner was observed in ceramides, specifically in C18:0, C18:1, and C22:0 species, with up to ∼10 fold accumulations. Further experiments suggested that activation of autophagy and oxidative stress could be responsible for the toxicity observed in these cell lines. Increases in the level of glutathione oxide (∼7 fold) also supported the activation of oxidative stress upon CuO NP treatment. Based on the changes in different metabolites induced by CuO NP exposure and previous studies from our laboratory, we propose that autophagy and oxidative stress could play a role in CuO NP-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Chavez Soria
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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Autophagy represses fascaplysin-induced apoptosis and angiogenesis inhibition via ROS and p8 in vascular endothelia cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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124
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Zhang G, Luk BT, Wei X, Campbell GR, Fang RH, Zhang L, Spector SA. Selective cell death of latently HIV-infected CD4 + T cells mediated by autosis inducing nanopeptides. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:419. [PMID: 31142734 PMCID: PMC6541658 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) infection, antiretroviral therapy only suppresses viral replication but is unable to eliminate infection. Thus, discontinuation of antiretrovirals results in viral reactivation and disease progression. A major reservoir of HIV latent infection resides in resting central memory CD4+ T cells (TCM) that escape clearance by current therapeutic regimens and will require novel strategies for elimination. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of autophagy-inducing peptides, Tat-Beclin 1 and Tat-vFLIP-α2, which can induce a novel Na+/K+-ATPase dependent form of cell death (autosis), to kill latently HIV-infected TCM while preventing virologic rebound. In this study, we encapsulated autophagy inducing peptides into biodegradable lipid-coated hybrid PLGA (poly lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles for controlled intracellular delivery. A single dose of nanopeptides was found to eliminate latent HIV infection in an in vitro primary model of HIV latency and ex vivo using resting CD4+ T cells obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral with fully suppressed virus for greater than 12 months. Notably, increased LC3B lipidation, SQSTM1/p62 degradation and Na+/K+-ATPase activity characteristic of autosis, were detected in nanopeptide treated latently HIV-infected cells compared to untreated uninfected or infected cells. Nanopeptide-induced cell death could be reversed by knockdown of autophagy proteins, ATG5 and ATG7, and inhibition or knockdown of Na+/K+-ATPase. Importantly, viral rebound was not detected following the induction of the Na+/K+-ATPase dependent form of cell death induced by the Tat-Beclin 1 and Tat-vFLIP-α2 nanopeptides. These findings provide a novel strategy to eradicate HIV latently infected resting memory CD4+ T cells, the major reservoir of HIV latency, through the induction of Na+/K+-ATPase dependent autophagy, while preventing reactivation of virus and new infection of uninfected bystander cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian T Luk
- Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Grant R Campbell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronnie H Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stephen A Spector
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
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125
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Yin S, Qiu Y, Jin C, Wang R, Wu S, Liu H, Koo S, Han L, Zhang Y, Gao X, Pang X, Wang T, Yu H. 7‐Deoxynarciclasine shows promising antitumor efficacy by targeting Akt against hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3334-3346. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Yin
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- School of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Chengyun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of State Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Henan province for Drug Quality Control and EvaluationZhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Rui Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Song Wu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Sangho Koo
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Seoul South Korea
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Xu Pang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
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126
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Neagu M, Constantin C, Popescu ID, Zipeto D, Tzanakakis G, Nikitovic D, Fenga C, Stratakis CA, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM. Inflammation and Metabolism in Cancer Cell-Mitochondria Key Player. Front Oncol 2019; 9:348. [PMID: 31139559 PMCID: PMC6527883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metabolism is an essential aspect of tumorigenesis, as cancer cells have increased energy requirements in comparison to normal cells. Thus, an enhanced metabolism is needed in order to accommodate tumor cells' accelerated biological functions, including increased proliferation, vigorous migration during metastasis, and adaptation to different tissues from the primary invasion site. In this context, the assessment of tumor cell metabolic pathways generates crucial data pertaining to the mechanisms through which tumor cells survive and grow in a milieu of host defense mechanisms. Indeed, various studies have demonstrated that the metabolic signature of tumors is heterogeneous. Furthermore, these metabolic changes induce the exacerbated production of several molecules, which result in alterations that aid an inflammatory milieu. The therapeutic armentarium for oncology should thus include metabolic and inflammation regulators. Our expanding knowledge of the metabolic behavior of tumor cells, whether from solid tumors or hematologic malignancies, may provide the basis for the development of tailor-made cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neagu
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Doctoral School, Biology Faculty, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iulia Dana Popescu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Donato Zipeto
- Department Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images Department, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Genetics & Endocrinology (SEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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127
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Gao D, Yu X, Zhang B, Kong M, Fang Y, Cai Y, Zhu C, Zhao J, Li J. Role of autophagy in inhibiting the proliferation of A549 cells by type III interferon. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:605-612. [PMID: 30958598 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Gao
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryAffiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhou People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cell BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThird Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Yu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThird Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Cell BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Min Kong
- Institute of Cell BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThird Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThird Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei People's Republic of China
| | - Chengchu Zhu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryAffiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologySanMen People's HospitalTaizhou Zhejiang Province People's Republic of China
- Department of MicrobiologyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei Anhui Province People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Li
- Institute of Cell BiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou People's Republic of China
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128
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Xu M, Almasi S, Yang Y, Yan C, Sterea AM, Rizvi Syeda AK, Shen B, Richard Derek C, Huang P, Gujar S, Wang J, Zong WX, Trebak M, El Hiani Y, Dong XP. The lysosomal TRPML1 channel regulates triple negative breast cancer development by promoting mTORC1 and purinergic signaling pathways. Cell Calcium 2019; 79:80-88. [PMID: 30889511 PMCID: PMC6698368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) that comprises approximately 10%-20% of breast cancers is an aggressive subtype lacking effective therapeutics. Among various signaling pathways, mTORC1 and purinergic signals have emerged as potentially fruitful targets for clinical therapy of TNBC. Unfortunately, drugs targeting these signaling pathways do not successfully inhibit the progression of TNBC, partially due to the fact that these signaling pathways are essential for the function of all types of cells. In this study, we report that TRPML1 is specifically upregulated in TNBCs and that its genetic downregulation and pharmacological inhibition suppress the growth of TNBC. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that TRPML1 regulates TNBC development, at least partially, through controlling mTORC1 activity and the release of lysosomal ATP. Because TRPML1 is specifically activated by cellular stresses found in tumor microenvironments, antagonists of TRPML1 could represent anticancer drugs with enhanced specificity and potency. Our findings are expected to have a major impact on drug targeting of TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Xu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Shekoufeh Almasi
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Yiming Yang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Chi Yan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Andra Mihaela Sterea
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Alia Kazim Rizvi Syeda
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Bing Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Clements Richard Derek
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Wei-Xing Zong
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 164 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway NJ08854, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033, USA
| | - Yassine El Hiani
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Xian-Ping Dong
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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129
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Chen Q, Xi X, Zeng Y, He Z, Zhao J, Li Y. Acteoside inhibits autophagic apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells to rescue glaucoma-induced optic atrophy. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13133-13140. [PMID: 31021425 PMCID: PMC6618276 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma is the world's second biggest cause of blindness, and patients progressively lose their eyesight. The current clinical treatment for glaucoma involves controlling intraocular pressure with drugs or surgery; however, some patients still progressively lose their eyesight. This treatment is also similar to the treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy. Thus, saving retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from apoptosis is essential. METHODS The role of Acteoside on autophagy modulation in the 661 W cell line. RESULTS In this study, we first find that Acteoside inhibits autophagy, Rapamycin alleviates this inhibition and the PI3K inhibitor, 3-MA or LY294002, synergistically promotes it. In a mechanistic study, we find that Optineurin (OPTN) mediates Acteoside regulation of autophagy. OPTN overexpression or knockdown activates or inhibits autophagy, respectively. OPTN is inhibited by autophagy inhibitors, such as Acteoside and 3-MA and is promoted by the autophagy activator, Rapamycin. Meanwhile, PI3K and AKT are elevated by Acteoside and 3-MA and inhibited by Rapamycin. Finally, we find that Acteoside inhibits apoptosis in parallel to autophagy and that this inhibition is also mediated by OPTN. CONCLUSION In summary, we conclude that Acteoside inhibits autophagy-induced apoptosis in RGCs through the OPTN and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and glaucoma patients may benefit from Acteoside treatment alone or in combination with other autophagy inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianbo Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoting Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhendan He
- Institute of Therapy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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130
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Huang W, Zeng C, Liu J, Yuan L, Liu W, Wang L, Zhu H, Xu Y, Luo Y, Xie D, Jiang X, Ren C. Sodium butyrate induces autophagic apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inhibiting AKT/mTOR signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:64-70. [PMID: 31023529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we confirmed the anti-tumor effects of sodium butyrate (NaBu) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, its molecular mechanisms have not be fully elucidated. In this study, we studied the effects of NaBu on autophagy and explored the relation between NaBu associated autophagy and apoptosis in NPC cells. EGFP-LC3 plasmids were introduced into NPC cells to observed the effects of NaBu on autophagy flux with or without chloroquine (CQ) addition. Autophagy markers were also detected by Western blot. Under NaBu treatment, autophagy and apoptosis markers were detected simultaneously at different time. Then, to explore the roles of autophagy in NaBu induced apoptosis, the effects of autophagy inhibition, via specific inhibitor treatment or key gene knockdown, were analyzed. At last, the upstream signaling and its roles in NaBu induced autophagy and apoptosis were also analyzed. Increased LC3 dots and LC3-II accumulation indicated that NaBu can promote autophagy flux in NPC cells. LC3-II accumulation was earlier than cleaved PARP increment suggesting autophagy activation is prior to apoptosis activation, which was validated by flow cytometry mediated apoptosis analysis. Moreover, autophagy inhibition, achieved by 3-MA treatment or BECN1 knockdown, can antagonize NaBu induced apoptosis reflecting by re-deregulated cPARP and apoptotic rates. Furthermore, NaBu treatment inhibited the AKT/mTOR axis indicated by deregulated p-AKT(S473) and p-mTOR(S2448) and ectopic AKT expression both suppressed NaBu induced autophagy and apoptosis. At last, Western blot showed that HDAC6 dependent EGFR deregulation may account for the NaBu associated AKT/mTOR inhibition. NaBu can induce autophagic apoptosis via suppressing AKT/mTOR axis in NPC cells. Our results suggest that combination of autophagy inhibitors and deacetylase inhibitors may not be recommended in NPC clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Neurology, Hunan Rongjun Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pathology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Caiping Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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131
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Abstract
Resistance to therapy is one of the prime causes for treatment failure in cancer and recurrent disease. In recent years, autophagy has emerged as an important cell survival mechanism in response to different stress conditions that are associated with cancer treatment and aging. Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process through which damaged cellular contents are degraded after uptake into autophagosomes that subsequently fuse with lysosomes for cargo degradation, thereby alleviating stress. In addition, autophagy serves to maintain cellular homeostasis by enriching nutrient pools. Although autophagy can act as a double-edged sword at the interface of cell survival and cell death, increasing evidence suggest that in the context of cancer therapy-induced stress responses, it predominantly functions as a cell survival mechanism. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview on our current knowledge of the role of pro-survival autophagy in cancer therapy at the preclinical and clinical stages and delineate the molecular mechanisms of autophagy regulation in response to therapy-related stress conditions. A better understanding of the interplay of cancer therapy and autophagy may allow to unveil new targets and avenues for an improved treatment of therapy-resistant tumors in the foreseeable future.
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132
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Autophagy as a molecular target for cancer treatment. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 134:116-137. [PMID: 30981885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic mechanism, by which eukaryotic cells recycle or degrades internal constituents through membrane-trafficking pathway. Thus, autophagy provides the cells with a sustainable source of biomolecules and energy for the maintenance of homeostasis under stressful conditions such as tumor microenvironment. Recent findings revealed a close relationship between autophagy and malignant transformation. However, due to the complex dual role of autophagy in tumor survival or cell death, efforts to develop efficient treatment strategies targeting the autophagy/cancer relation have largely been unsuccessful. Here we review the two-faced role of autophagy in cancer as a tumor suppressor or as a pro-oncogenic mechanism. In this sense, we also review the shared regulatory pathways that play a role in autophagy and malignant transformation. Finally, anti-cancer therapeutic agents used as either inhibitors or inducers of autophagy have been discussed.
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133
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Zhu L, Zhang C, Liu Q. PTEN S-nitrosylation by NOS1 inhibits autophagy in NPC cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:306. [PMID: 30952837 PMCID: PMC6451008 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou road north, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qiuzhen Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou road north, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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134
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Camuzard O, Santucci-Darmanin S, Carle GF, Pierrefite-Carle V. Role of autophagy in osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2019; 16:100235. [PMID: 31011524 PMCID: PMC6460301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2019.100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumour in children and adolescents. It is a highly aggressive tumor with a tendency to spread to the lungs, which are the most common site of metastasis. Advanced osteosarcoma patients with metastasis share a poor prognosis. Despite the use of chemotherapy to treat OS, the 5-year overall survival rate for patients has remained unchanged at 65–70% for the past 20 years. In addition, the 5-year survival of patients with a metastatic disease is around 20%, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic targets. Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process which eliminates and recycles damaged proteins and organelles to improve cell lifespan. In the context of cancer, numerous studies have demonstrated that autophagy is used by tumor cells to repress initial steps of carcinogenesis and/or support the survival and growth of established tumors. In osteosarcoma, autophagy appears to be deregulated and could also act both as a pro or anti-tumoral process. In this manuscript, we aim to review these major findings regarding the role of autophagy in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Camuzard
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice Cédex 2, France.,Service de Chirurgie Réparatrice et de la Main, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Sabine Santucci-Darmanin
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice Cédex 2, France
| | - Georges F Carle
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice Cédex 2, France
| | - Valérie Pierrefite-Carle
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice Cédex 2, France
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135
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Gao P, Huang X, Liao T, Li G, Yu X, You Y, Huang Y. Daucosterol induces autophagic-dependent apoptosis in prostate cancer via JNK activation. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:160-167. [PMID: 30944266 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2018.01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Plant sterols (phytosterols) have been widely accepted as a natural anti-cancer agent in multiple malignant tumors. This study was designed to investigate the functions of daucosterol in prostate cancer progression and its possible molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that daucosterol inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest. Moreover, daucosterol treatment obviously promoted apoptosis and autophagy. An autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was proved to counteract daucosterol-triggered autophagy, growth inhibition, and apoptosis, indicating that daucosterol-induced apoptotic response was dependent on autophagy. Additionally, treatment with daucosterol resulted in increased phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Furthermore, pre-treatment with a JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 abated daucosterol-elicited autophagy and apoptotic cell death. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that daucosterol blocked prostate cancer growth at least partly through inducing autophagic-dependent apoptosis via activating JNK signaling, providing a promising candidate for the development of antitumor drugs in prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Gao
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.,Department of Andrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaopeng Huang
- Department of Andrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Tingting Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Guangsen Li
- Department of Andrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xujun Yu
- Medicine and Life Sciences College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yaodong You
- Department of Andrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yuxing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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136
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Li Q, Dong Z, Lian W, Cui J, Wang J, Shen H, Liu W, Yang J, Zhang X, Cui H. Ochratoxin A causes mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptotic and autophagic cell death and also induces mitochondrial biogenesis in human gastric epithelium cells. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:1141-1155. [PMID: 30903243 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common natural contaminant found in human and animal food worldwide. Our previous work has shown that OTA can cause oxidative DNA damage, G2 arrest and malignant transformation of human gastric epithelium (GES-1) cells. Mitochondria are considered to be target for the action of many cytotoxic agents. However, the role of mitochondria in the cytotoxicity of OTA remains unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the putative role of mitochondria on OTA cytotoxicity by analyzing mitochondrial changes in GES-1 cells. The results showed that OTA treatment (5, 10, 20 µM) for different times caused increases in the production of reactive oxygen species, and induced mitochondrial damage, shown by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM), and decrease in cellular ATP concentration. Subsequently, the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was activated, presented by increase of apoptotic rate and activation of apoptotic proteins. Autophagic cell death was also triggered, demonstrated by the conversion of light chain 3B (LC3B)-I to LC3B-II and elevated levels of green fluorescent protein-LC3 (GFP-LC3) puncta. Moreover, Parkin-dependent mitophagy was also activated presented by the colocalization of MitoTracker with LysoTracker or GFP-LC3 puncta. The inhibition of autophagy and mitophagy by inhibitors or siRNA attenuated the toxic effect of OTA on cell growth. Interestingly, OTA treatment also enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis confirmed by activation of AMPK/PGC-1α/TFAM pathway and promoted cell survival. Collectively, the effects of OTA on mitochondria of GES-1 cells are complex. OTA could cause mitochondrial function disturbance, apoptotic and autophagic cell death and also induce mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139, Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Biology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing City, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguang Lian
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Cui
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Biology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing City, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Biology, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing City, People's Republic of China.
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137
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Onoe-Takahashi A, Suzuki-Karasaki M, Suzuki-Karasaki M, Ochiai T, Suzuki-Karasaki Y. Autophagy inhibitors regulate TRAIL sensitivity in human malignant cells by targeting the mitochondrial network and calcium dynamics. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1734-1746. [PMID: 30896851 PMCID: PMC6438429 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In a variety of cancer cell types, the pharmacological and genetic blockade of autophagy increases apoptosis induced by various anticancer drugs. These observations suggest that autophagy counteracts drug-induced apoptosis. We previously reported that in human melanoma and osteosarcoma cells, autophagy inhibitors, such as 3-methyladenine and chloroquine increased the sensitivity to apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). In the present study, we report that different autophagy inhibitors regulate the mitochondrial network and calcium (Ca2+) dynamics in these cells. We found that compared to tumor cells, normal fibroblasts were more resistant to the cytotoxicity of TRAIL and autophagy inhibitors used either alone or in combination. Notably, TRAIL increased the autophagic flux in the tumor cells, but not in the fibroblasts. Live-cell imaging revealed that in tumor cells, TRAIL evoked modest mitochondrial fragmentation, while subtoxic concentrations of the autophagy inhibitors led to mitochondrial fusion. Co-treatment with TRAIL and subtoxic concentrations of the autophagy inhibitors resulted in severe mitochondrial fragmentation, swelling and clustering, similar to what was observed with autophagy inhibitors at toxic concentrations. The enhanced aberration of the mitochondrial network was preceded by a reduction in mitochondrial Ca2+ loading and store-operated Ca2+ entry. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that co-treatment with TRAIL and autophagy inhibitors leads to increased mitochondrial Ca2+ and network dysfunction in a tumor-selective manner. Therefore, the co-administration of TRAIL and autophagy inhibitors may prove to be a promising tumor-targeting approach for the treatment of TRAIL-resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Onoe-Takahashi
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173‑8610, Japan
| | | | | | - Toyoko Ochiai
- Department of Dermatology, Nihon University Hospital, Tokyo 101‑8309, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Suzuki-Karasaki
- Division of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173‑8610, Japan
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138
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Liu JR, Yu CW, Hung PY, Hsin LW, Chern JW. High-selective HDAC6 inhibitor promotes HDAC6 degradation following autophagy modulation and enhanced antitumor immunity in glioblastoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:458-471. [PMID: 30885763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most fatal type of primary brain cancer, and current treatments for glioblastoma are insufficient. HDAC6 is overexpressed in glioblastoma, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of HDAC6 inhibits glioma cell proliferation. Herein, we report a high-selective HDAC6 inhibitor, J22352, which has PROTAC (proteolysis-targeting chimeras)-like property resulted in both p62 accumulation and proteasomal degradation, leading to proteolysis of aberrantly overexpressed HDAC6 in glioblastoma. The consequences of decreased HDAC6 expression in response to J22352 decreased cell migration, increased autophagic cancer cell death and significant tumor growth inhibition. Notably, J22352 reduced the immunosuppressive activity of PD-L1, leading to the restoration of host anti-tumor activity. These results demonstrate that J22352 promotes HDAC6 degradation and induces anticancer effects by inhibiting autophagy and eliciting the antitumor immune response in glioblastoma. Therefore, this highly selective HDAC6 inhibitor can be considered a potential therapeutic for the treatment of glioblastoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. No. 18, Siyuan St., Taipei 10087, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Yun Hung
- AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. No. 18, Siyuan St., Taipei 10087, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ling-Wei Hsin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC.
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139
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Tiessen I, Abildgaard MH, Lubas M, Gylling HM, Steinhauer C, Pietras EJ, Diederichs S, Frankel LB, Lund AH. A high-throughput screen identifies the long non-coding RNA DRAIC as a regulator of autophagy. Oncogene 2019; 38:5127-5141. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0783-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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140
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He Y, Su J, Lan B, Gao Y, Zhao J. Targeting off-target effects: endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy as effective strategies to enhance temozolomide treatment. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1857-1865. [PMID: 30881038 PMCID: PMC6413742 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s194770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive adult primary central nervous system tumor. Unfortunately, GBM is resistant to the classic chemotherapy drug, temozolomide (TMZ). As well as its classic DNA-targeting effects, the off-target effects of TMZ can have pro-survival or pro-death roles and regulate GBM chemoradiation sensitivity. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one of the most common off-target effects. ER stress and its downstream induction of autophagy, apoptosis, and other events have important roles in regulating TMZ sensitivity. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular homeostasis mechanism that is closely associated with ER stress-induced apoptosis. Under ER stress, autophagy cannot only remove misfolded/unfolded proteins and damaged organelles and degrade and inhibit apoptosis-related caspase activation to reduce cell damage, but may also promote apoptosis dependent on ER stress intensity. Although some protein interactions between autophagy and apoptosis and common upstream signaling pathways have been found, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are still not fully understood. This review summarizes the possible mechanisms underlying the current known off-target roles of ER stress and downstream autophagy in the regulation of cell fate and evaluates their role in TMZ treatment and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China,
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Beiwu Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China,
| | - Yufei Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China,
| | - Jingxia Zhao
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China,
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141
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Vehlow A, Klapproth E, Jin S, Hannen R, Hauswald M, Bartsch JW, Nimsky C, Temme A, Leitinger B, Cordes N. Interaction of Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 with a 14-3-3-Beclin-1-Akt1 Complex Modulates Glioblastoma Therapy Sensitivity. Cell Rep 2019; 26:3672-3683.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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142
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Chang CH, Bijian K, Wernic D, Su J, da Silva SD, Yu H, Qiu D, Asslan M, Alaoui-Jamali MA. A novel orally available seleno-purine molecule suppresses triple-negative breast cancer cell proliferation and progression to metastasis by inducing cytostatic autophagy. Autophagy 2019; 15:1376-1390. [PMID: 30773992 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1582951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) often have a poor prognosis largely due to lack of effective targeted therapy. Using a library of seleno-purines coupled to a high-throughput biochemical enzymatic assays we identified a potent pharmacological enhancer of autophagy (referred herein as SLLN-15) that selectively activated cytostatic macroautophagy/autophagy in TNBC preclinical models. SLLN-15 induced a dose-dependent anti-proliferative activity in the TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and BT-20 via induction of autophagy and autophagic flux. This induction was associated with a selective inhibition of AKT-MTOR signaling. Conversely, rapamycin, a known autophagy inducer and MTOR inhibitor, was unable to duplicate SLLN-15's effect on TNBC cells. Inhibition of autophagy by siRNA-mediated targeting of the autophagy regulators, BECN1, ATG5 and ATG7 or using 3-methyladenine (3-MA), significantly protected against SLLN-15-induced inhibition of cell viability, further supporting that SLLN-15-induced inhibition of cancer cell proliferation was autophagy-dependent. SLLN-15-induced autophagy in TNBC cells was also associated with decreased AURKA expression, decreased AKT phosphorylation and subsequent blockage of the AKT-MTOR pathway. In vivo, oral SLLN-15 revealed a potent anticancer and anti-metastatic activity in mice bearing TNBC. Altogether, this study describes a novel regulator of mammalian autophagy, with potential utility as an experimental therapeutic for TNBCs. Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; AURKA: aurora kinase A; AURKB: aurora kinase B; BECN1: beclin 1; CQ: chloroquine; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP: green fluorescent protein; ERBB2: erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; PARP1: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1; PI: propidium iodide; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TNBC: triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Chang
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Krikor Bijian
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Dominik Wernic
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Jie Su
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Sabrina Daniela da Silva
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Henry Yu
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Dinghong Qiu
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Mariana Asslan
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Moulay A Alaoui-Jamali
- a Segal Cancer Centre and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Departments of Medicine and Oncology , McGill University , Montreal , QC , Canada
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143
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Deng F, Xu Q, Long J, Xie H. Suppressing ROS-TFE3-dependent autophagy enhances ivermectin-induced apoptosis in human melanoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1702-1715. [PMID: 30187952 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive skin malignancy with a high mortality rate; however, successful treatment remains a clinical challenge. Ivermectin, a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug, has recently been characterized as a potential anticancer agent due to its observed antitumor effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of ivermectin remain poorly understood. In the current study, we tested the involvement of autophagy in the ivermectin mechanism of action in human melanoma cells. We exposed SK-MEL-28 cells to different concentrations of ivermectin (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) for 24 hours. Here, ivermectin-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by the upregulation of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, BAX expression, and caspase-3 activity and downregulation of BCL-2 expression. In line with the apoptosis response, ivermectin triggered autophagy. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of autophagy further sensitized SK-MEL-28 cells to ivermectin-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, ivermectin-induced TFE3(Ser321) dephosphorylation, activated TFE3 nuclear translocation and increased TFE3 reporter activity, which contributed to lysosomal biogenesis and the expression of autophagy-related genes, and subsequently, initiated autophagy in SK-MEL-28 cells. Moreover, N-acetyl-cysteine, an reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, abrogated the effects of ivermectin on TFE3-dependent autophagy. Taken together, we demonstrated that ivermectin increases TFE3-dependent autophagy through ROS signaling pathways in human melanoma cells and that inhibiting autophagy enhances ivermectin-induced apoptosis in human melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faming Deng
- Department of Dermatology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Dermatology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Long
- Department of Dermatology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongfu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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144
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Torossian A, Broin N, Frentzel J, Daugrois C, Gandarillas S, Saati TA, Lamant L, Brousset P, Giuriato S, Espinos E. Blockade of crizotinib-induced BCL2 elevation in ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma triggers autophagy associated with cell death. Haematologica 2019; 104:1428-1439. [PMID: 30679328 PMCID: PMC6601090 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.181966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas are tumors that carry translocations involving the ALK gene at the 2p23 locus, leading to the expression of ALK tyrosine kinase fusion oncoproteins. Amongst hematologic malignancies, these lymphomas are particular in that they express very low levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), a recognized inhibitor of apoptosis and autophagy, two processes that share complex interconnections. We have previously shown that treatment of ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma cells with the ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib induces autophagy as a pro-survival response. Here, we observed that crizotinib-mediated inactivation of ALK caused an increase in BCL2 levels that restrained the cytotoxic effects of the drug. BCL2 downregulation in combination with crizotinib treatment potentiated loss of cell viability through both an increase in autophagic flux and cell death, including apoptosis. More importantly, our data revealed that the blockade of autophagic flux completely reversed impaired cell viability, which demonstrates that excessive autophagy is associated with cell death. We propose that the downregulation of BCL2 protein, which plays a central role in the autophagic and apoptotic machinery, combined with crizotinib treatment may represent a promising therapeutic alternative to current ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avedis Torossian
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Broin
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Frentzel
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Daugrois
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse-Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Talal Al Saati
- Inserm/UPS, US006/CREFRE, Service d'Histopathologie, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse-Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France.,Département de Pathologie, IUCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,European Research Initiative on ALK-related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK
| | - Pierre Brousset
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse-Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France.,Département de Pathologie, IUCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,European Research Initiative on ALK-related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK
| | - Sylvie Giuriato
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France .,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France.,European Research Initiative on ALK-related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK.,Transautophagy: European network for multidisciplinary research and translation of autophagy knowledge, COST Action CA15138, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Estelle Espinos
- Inserm, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France .,Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000 Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294 UMR1037 CRCT, F-31000, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse-Cancer-TOUCAN, F-31024 Toulouse, France.,European Research Initiative on ALK-related Malignancies (ERIA), Cambridge, UK
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145
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Gao X, Yang J, Li Y, Yu M, Liu S, Han Y, Lu X, Jin C, Wu S, Cai Y. Lanthanum chloride induces autophagy in rat hippocampus through ROS-mediated JNK and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Metallomics 2019; 11:439-453. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanum (La) can cause central nervous system damage in rats and lead to learning and memory impairment, but the relevant mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.
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146
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Advances in the antitumor activities and mechanisms of action of steroidal saponins. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:732-748. [PMID: 30322607 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The steroidal saponins are one of the saponin types that exist in an unbound state and have various pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial and nerves-calming properties. Cancer is a growing health problem worldwide. Significant progress has been made to understand the antitumor effects of steroidal saponins in recent years. According to reported findings, steroidal saponins exert various antitumor activities, such as inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and regulating the tumor microenvironment, through multiple related signaling pathways. This article focuses on the advances in domestic and foreign studies on the antitumor activity and mechanism of actions of steroidal saponins in the last five years to provide a scientific basis and research ideas for further development and clinical application of steroidal saponins.
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147
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Shi Y, Lin H, Cao J, Cui C. Botulinum toxin type A induces protective autophagy in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells exposed to an in vitro model of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4379-4386. [PMID: 30542387 PMCID: PMC6257827 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) has been reported to increase the survival of ischemic skin flaps; however, the exact mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear and needs to be further established. The present study aimed to elucidate whether autophagy caused by BTXA functions as a protection mechanism and to identify the mechanisms of its regulation by BTXA in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced injury. HDMECs were harvested from the upper eyelid tissues of female blepharoplasty patients. HDMECs were exposed to BTXA treatment for 12 h and then subjected to hypoxia for 8 h, followed by reoxygenation for 24 h. Chloroquine diphosphate salt (CQ) was used as an autophagy inhibitor. H/R led to extreme injury to the HDMECs as indicated by the rise in the apoptosis rate, which was significantly attenuated by BTXA pretreatment. The outcomes demonstrated that H/R caused autophagy, as evidenced by a higher type II/type I ratio of light chain 3 (LC3), increased expression of Beclin-1 and increased autophagosome formation. BTXA enhanced autophagy and attenuated apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, whereas CQ attenuated the BTXA antiapoptotic effects and inhibited the formation of autophagolysosomes, which caused clustering of the LC3-II in cells. In conclusion, autophagy promoted by BTXA serves as a potential protective effect on ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Shi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Huang Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jiankun Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Chao Cui
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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148
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Phytochemicals: Current strategy to sensitize cancer cells to cisplatin. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:518-527. [PMID: 30530287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic regimens are the most frequently used adjuvant treatments for many types of cancer. However, the development of chemoresistance to cisplatin results in treatment failure. Despite the significant developments in understanding the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance, effective strategies to enhance the chemosensitivity of cisplatin are lacking. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring plant-based compounds that can augment the anti-cancer activity of cisplatin, with minimal side effects. Notably, some novel phytochemicals, such as curcumin, not only increase the efficacy of cisplatin but also decrease toxicity induced by cisplatin. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. In this review, we discussed the progress made in utilizing phytochemicals to enhance the anti-cancer efficacy of cisplatin. We also presented some ideal phytochemicals as novel agents for counteracting cisplatin-induced organ damage.
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149
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Qian S, Han Y, Shi Y, Xu W, Zhu Y, Jiang S, Chen Y, Yu Z, Zhang S, Yang Y, Yu K, Zhang S. Benzene induces haematotoxicity by promoting deacetylation and autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:1022-1033. [PMID: 30411500 PMCID: PMC6349156 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to benzene is known to be associated with haematotoxicity and the development of aplastic anaemia and leukaemia. However, the mechanism underlying benzene-induced haematotoxicity, especially at low concentrations of chronic benzene exposure has not been well-elucidated. Here, we found that increased autophagy and decreased acetylation occurred in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) isolated from patients with chronic benzene exposure. We further showed in vitro that benzene metabolite, hydroquinone (HQ) could directly induce autophagy without apoptosis in BMMNCs and CD34+ cells. This was mediated by reduction in acetylation of autophagy components through inhibiting the activity of acetyltransferase, p300. Furthermore, elevation of p300 expression by Momordica Antiviral Protein 30 Kd (MAP30) or chloroquine reduced HQ-induced autophagy. We further demonstrated that in vivo, MAP30 and chloroquine reversed benzene-induced autophagy and haematotoxicity in a mouse model. Taken together, these findings highlight increased autophagy as a novel mechanism for benzene-induced haematotoxicity and provide potential strategies to reverse this process for therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhu Qian
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixiang Han
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yifen Shi
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wanling Xu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Songfu Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecule Biology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Yang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kang Yu
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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150
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Zhang E, Lu X, Yin S, Yan M, Lu S, Fan L, Hu H. The functional role of Bax/Bak in palmitate-induced lipoapoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:268-274. [PMID: 30408539 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Induction of programmed cell death, mainly apoptosis (lipoapoptosis) is a major cellular consequence of the lipotoxicity, a harmful effect resulting from the overload of lipids. Both Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy have been suggested to play important role in the regulation of lipoapoptosis. However, the exact mechanisms underlying lipoapoptosis remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the functional role of Bax/Bak in lipoapoptosis using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) cell culture model. Results showed that palmitate induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in wild-type Bax/Bak MEF cells, whereas a caspase-independent cell death was induced by palmitate in Bax/Bak knockout MEF cells, suggesting requirement of Bax/Bak in palmitate-induced caspase activation. More importantly, we found that the status of Bax/Bak is a determinant that governs the decision between the pro-survival or pro-death function of autophagy in response to palmitate exposure, and Bax/Bak is required for palmitate-induced activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequently ER stress-mediated apoptosis. The findings of the present study provided novel insights into understanding the mechanisms involved in the regulation of palmitate-induced lipoapoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enxiang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaotong Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shutao Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Mingzhu Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shangyun Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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