101
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Liu X, Liu B, Li R, Wang F, Wang N, Zhang M, Bai Y, Wu J, Liu L, Han D, Li Z, Feng B, Zhou G, Wang S, Zeng L, Miao J, Yao Y, Liang B, Huang L, Wang Q, Wu Y. miR-146a-5p Plays an Oncogenic Role in NSCLC via Suppression of TRAF6. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:847. [PMID: 33015045 PMCID: PMC7493784 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most deadly cancer in the world due to its often delayed diagnosis. Identification of biomarkers with high sensitivity, specificity, and accessibility for early detection, such as circulating microRNAs, is therefore of utmost importance. In the present study, we identified a significantly higher expression of miR-146a-5p in the serum and tissue samples of NSCLC patients than that of the healthy controls. In parallel, miR-146a-5p was also highly expressed in three human NSCLC adenocarcinoma-cell lines (A549, H1299, and H1975) compared to the human bronchial epithelium cell line (HBE). By dual-luciferase reporter assay and manipulation of the expressions of miR-146a-5p and its target gene, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), we showed that the functional effects of miR-146a-5p on NSCLC cell survival and migration were mediated by direct binding to and suppression of TRAF6. Overexpression of TRAF6 sufficiently reversed miR-146a-5p-induced cancer cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis resistance. Our data implied that miR-146a-5p/TRAF6/NF-κB-p65 axis could be a promising diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Liu
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruihua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Maihe Zhang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongyu Han
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhiguang Li
- Center of Genome and Personalized Medicine, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangbiao Zhou
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jian Miao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Yiqun Yao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, United States.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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102
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Xing C, Xiang D, Caiying L. Effects of troxerutin on vascular inflammatory mediators and expression of microRNA-146a/NF-κB signaling pathway in aorta of healthy and diabetic rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:395-402. [PMID: 32830146 PMCID: PMC7445477 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.5.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study has investigated the effect of a potent bioflavonoid, troxerutin, on diabetes-induced changes in pro-inflammatory mediators and expression of microRNA-146a and nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in aortic tissue of type-I diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6/each): healthy, healthy-troxerutin, diabetic, and diabetic-troxerutin. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection (60 mg/kg; intraperitoneally) and lasted 10 weeks. Troxerutin (150 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for last month of experiment. Inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, as well as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II), and inducible-nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured on aortic samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Gene expressions for transcription factor NF-κB, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 (IRAK-1), TNF receptor-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6), and microRNA-146a were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Ten-week diabetes significantly increased mRNA levels of IRAK-1, TRAF-6, NF-κB, and protein levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM, and iNOS, COX-II, and decreased expression of microRNA-146a as compared with healthy rats (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). However, one month treatment of diabetic rats with troxerutin restored glucose and insulin levels, significantly decreased expression of inflammatory genes and pro-inflammatory mediators and increased microRNA level in comparison to diabetic group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). In healthy rats, troxerutin had significant reducing effect only on NF-κB, TNF-α and COX-II levels (p < 0.05). Beside slight improvement of hyperglycemia, troxerutin prevented the activation of NF-κB-dependent inflammatory signaling in the aorta of diabetic rats, and this response may be regulated by microRNA-146a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Xing
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu province 225300, China
| | - Dai Xiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu province 225300, China
| | - Li Caiying
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu province 225300, China
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103
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Yang F, Liao J, Yu W, Pei R, Qiao N, Han Q, Hu L, Li Y, Guo J, Pan J, Tang Z. Copper induces oxidative stress with triggered NF-κB pathway leading to inflammatory responses in immune organs of chicken. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110715. [PMID: 32450432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a necessary trace mineral due to its biological activity. Excessive Cu can induce inflammatory response in humans and animals, but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here, 240 broilers were used to study the effects of excessive Cu on oxidative stress and NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses in immune organs. Chickens were fed with diet containing different concentrations of Cu (11, 110, 220, and 330 mg of Cu/kg dry matter). The experiment lasted for 49 days. Spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius (BF) on day 49 were collected for histopathological observation and assessment of oxidative stress status. Additionally, the mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines were also analyzed. The results indicated that excess Cu could increase the number and area of splenic corpuscle as well as the ratio of cortex and medulla in thymus and BF. Furthermore, excessive Cu intake could decrease activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px); but increase contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), TNF-α, IL-1, IL-1β; up-regulate mRNA levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1, IL-1β, IL-2, iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB and protein levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, NF-κB, p-NF-κB in immune organs. In conclusion, excessive Cu could cause pathologic changes and induce oxidative stress with triggered NF-κB pathway, and might further regulate the inflammatory response in immune organs of chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenlan Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ruonan Pei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Na Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianying Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
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104
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Al-Rawi NH, Al-Marzooq F, Al-Nuaimi AS, Hachim MY, Hamoudi R. Salivary microRNA 155, 146a/b and 203: A pilot study for potentially non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237004. [PMID: 32756589 PMCID: PMC7406085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) plays substantial role in the initiation and progression of both diabetes and periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to validate four miRNAs in saliva as potential predictive biomarkers of periodontal disease among patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). MiRNAs were extracted from the saliva of 24 adult subjects with DM and 29 healthy controls. Each group was subdivided into periodontally healthy or having periodontitis. In silico analysis identified 4 miRNAs (miRNA 155, 146 a/b and 203) as immune modulators. The expression of miRNAs-146a/b, 155, and 203 was tested using quantitative PCR. The expression levels in the study groups were compared to explore the effect of diabetes on periodontal status and vice versa. In our cohort, the four miRNAs expression were higher in patients with periodontitis and/or diabetes. miRNA-155 was the most reliable predictors of periodontitis among non-diabetics with an optimum cut-off value of < 8.97 with accuracy = 82.6%. MiRNA 146a, on the other hand, was the only reliable predictor of periodontitis among subjects with diabetes with optimum cut-off value of ≥11.04 with accuracy = 86.1%. The results of the present study concluded that MiRNA-146a and miRNA155 in saliva provide reliable, non-invasive, diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that can be used to monitor periodontal health status among diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natheer H. Al-Rawi
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Farah Al-Marzooq
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | | | - Mahmood Y. Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Rifat Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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105
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Wang Y, Xiang Y, Xin VW, Wang XW, Peng XC, Liu XQ, Wang D, Li N, Cheng JT, Lyv YN, Cui SZ, Ma Z, Zhang Q, Xin HW. Dendritic cell biology and its role in tumor immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2020. [PMID: 32746880 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00939-6.pmid:32746880;pmcid:pmc7397618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As crucial antigen presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) play a vital role in tumor immunotherapy. Taking into account the many recent advances in DC biology, we discuss how DCs (1) recognize pathogenic antigens with pattern recognition receptors through specific phagocytosis and through non-specific micropinocytosis, (2) process antigens into small peptides with proper sizes and sequences, and (3) present MHC-peptides to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to initiate immune responses against invading microbes and aberrant host cells. During anti-tumor immune responses, DC-derived exosomes were discovered to participate in antigen presentation. T cell microvillar dynamics and TCR conformational changes were demonstrated upon DC antigen presentation. Caspase-11-driven hyperactive DCs were recently reported to convert effectors into memory T cells. DCs were also reported to crosstalk with NK cells. Additionally, DCs are the most important sentinel cells for immune surveillance in the tumor microenvironment. Alongside DC biology, we review the latest developments for DC-based tumor immunotherapy in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Personalized DC vaccine-induced T cell immunity, which targets tumor-specific antigens, has been demonstrated to be a promising form of tumor immunotherapy in patients with melanoma. Importantly, allogeneic-IgG-loaded and HLA-restricted neoantigen DC vaccines were discovered to have robust anti-tumor effects in mice. Our comprehensive review of DC biology and its role in tumor immunotherapy aids in the understanding of DCs as the mentors of T cells and as novel tumor immunotherapy cells with immense potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Gynaecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ying Xiang
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | | | - Xian-Wang Wang
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Liu
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jun-Ting Cheng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Yan-Ning Lyv
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Shu-Zhong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Institute of Sun Yat-sen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.
- People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Lianjiang, 524400, Guangdong, China.
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106
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Wang Y, Xiang Y, Xin VW, Wang XW, Peng XC, Liu XQ, Wang D, Li N, Cheng JT, Lyv YN, Cui SZ, Ma Z, Zhang Q, Xin HW. Dendritic cell biology and its role in tumor immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:107. [PMID: 32746880 PMCID: PMC7397618 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As crucial antigen presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) play a vital role in tumor immunotherapy. Taking into account the many recent advances in DC biology, we discuss how DCs (1) recognize pathogenic antigens with pattern recognition receptors through specific phagocytosis and through non-specific micropinocytosis, (2) process antigens into small peptides with proper sizes and sequences, and (3) present MHC-peptides to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to initiate immune responses against invading microbes and aberrant host cells. During anti-tumor immune responses, DC-derived exosomes were discovered to participate in antigen presentation. T cell microvillar dynamics and TCR conformational changes were demonstrated upon DC antigen presentation. Caspase-11-driven hyperactive DCs were recently reported to convert effectors into memory T cells. DCs were also reported to crosstalk with NK cells. Additionally, DCs are the most important sentinel cells for immune surveillance in the tumor microenvironment. Alongside DC biology, we review the latest developments for DC-based tumor immunotherapy in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Personalized DC vaccine-induced T cell immunity, which targets tumor-specific antigens, has been demonstrated to be a promising form of tumor immunotherapy in patients with melanoma. Importantly, allogeneic-IgG-loaded and HLA-restricted neoantigen DC vaccines were discovered to have robust anti-tumor effects in mice. Our comprehensive review of DC biology and its role in tumor immunotherapy aids in the understanding of DCs as the mentors of T cells and as novel tumor immunotherapy cells with immense potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynaecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ying Xiang
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | | | - Xian-Wang Wang
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Liu
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jun-Ting Cheng
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China
| | - Yan-Ning Lyv
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Shu-Zhong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China. .,Institute of Sun Yat-sen University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, Hubei, China. .,People's Hospital of Lianjiang, Lianjiang, 524400, Guangdong, China.
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107
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Li J, Panganiban R, Kho AT, McGeachie MJ, Farnam L, Chase RP, Weiss ST, Lu Q, Tantisira KG. Circulating MicroRNAs and Treatment Response in Childhood Asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:65-72. [PMID: 32272022 PMCID: PMC7328325 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201907-1454oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are key treatments for controlling asthma and preventing asthma attacks. However, the responsiveness to ICS varies among individuals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been lauded for their prognostic utility.Objectives: We hypothesized that circulating miRNAs obtained at baseline/prerandomization in the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP) could serve as biomarkers and biologic mediators of ICS clinical response over the 4-year clinical trial period.Methods: We selected baseline serum samples from 462 CAMP subjects subsequently randomized to either ICS (budesonide) or placebo. Samples underwent small RNA sequencing, and read counts were normalized and filtered by depth and coverage. Linear regression was used to associate miRNAs with change in FEV1% (prebronchodilator FEV1 as a percent predicted) over the 4-year treatment period in both main effects and interaction models. We validated the function of the top associated miRNAs by luciferase reporter assays of glucocorticoid-mediated transrepression and predicted response to ICS through logistic regression models.Measurements and Main Results: We identified 7 miRNAs significantly associated with FEV1% change (P ≤ 0.05) and 15 miRNAs with significant interaction (P ≤ 0.05) to ICS versus placebo treatments. We selected three miRNAs for functional validation, of which hsa-miR-155-5p and hsa-miR-532-5p were significantly associated with changes in dexamethasone-induced transrepression of NF-κB. Combined, these two miRNAs were predictive of ICS response over the course of the clinical trial, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86.Conclusions: We identified two functional circulating miRNAs predictive of asthma ICS treatment response over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
| | - Ronald Panganiban
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Alvin T. Kho
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | - Quan Lu
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Kelan G. Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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108
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Arroyo M, Salka K, Chorvinsky E, Xuchen X, Abutaleb K, Perez GF, Weinstock J, Gaviria S, Gutierrez MJ, Nino G. Airway mir-155 responses are associated with TH1 cytokine polarization in young children with viral respiratory infections. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233352. [PMID: 32442188 PMCID: PMC7244143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRs) control gene expression and the development of the immune system and antiviral responses. MiR-155 is an evolutionarily-conserved molecule consistently induced during viral infections in different cell systems. Notably, there is still an unresolved paradox for the role of miR-155 during viral respiratory infections. Despite being essential for host antiviral TH1 immunity, miR-155 may also contribute to respiratory disease by enhancing allergic TH2 responses and NFkB-mediated inflammation. The central goal of this study was to define how airway miR-155 production is related to TH1, TH2, and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses during naturally occurring viral respiratory infections in young children. METHODS Normalized nasal airway levels of miR-155 and nasal protein levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-13, IL-4 were quantified in young children (≤2 years) hospitalized with viral respiratory infections and uninfected controls. These data were linked to individual characteristics and respiratory disease parameters. RESULTS A total of 151 subjects were included. Increased miR-155 levels were observed in nasal samples from patients with rhinovirus, RSV and all respiratory viruses analyzed. High miR-155 levels were strongly associated with high IFN-γ production, increased airway TH1 cytokine polarization (IFN-γ/IL-4 ratios) and increased pro-inflammatory responses. High airway miR-155 levels were linked to decreased respiratory disease severity in individuals with high airway TH1 antiviral responses. CONCLUSIONS The airway secretion of miR-155 during viral respiratory infections in young children is associated with enhanced antiviral immunity (TH1 polarization). Further studies are needed to define additional physiological roles of miR-155 in the respiratory tract of human infants and young children during health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arroyo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Kyle Salka
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Chorvinsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Xilei Xuchen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Karima Abutaleb
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Geovanny F. Perez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Jered Weinstock
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Susana Gaviria
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Maria J. Gutierrez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Gustavo Nino
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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109
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Hu YL, Feng Y, Chen YY, Liu JZ, Su Y, Li P, Huang H, Mao QS, Xue WJ. SNHG16/miR-605-3p/TRAF6/NF-κB feedback loop regulates hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7637-7651. [PMID: 32436333 PMCID: PMC7339162 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which miR‐605‐3p regulates hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis has not been clarified. In this study, we found that miR‐605‐3p was down‐regulated in HCC and that low miR‐605‐3p expression was associated with tumour thrombus and tumour satellites. HCC patients with low miR‐605‐3p expression showed shorter overall survival and disease‐free survival after surgery. Overexpression of miR‐605‐3p inhibited epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and metastasis of HCC through NF‐κB signalling by directly inhibiting expression of TRAF6, while silencing of miR‐605‐3p had the opposite effect. We also found that SNHG16 directly bound to miR‐605‐3p as a competing endogenous RNA. Mechanistically, high expression of SNHG16 promoted binding to miR‐605‐3p and inhibited its activity, which led to up‐regulation of TRAF6 and sustained activation of the NF‐κB pathway, which in turn promoted epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and metastasis of HCC. TRAF6 increased SNHG16 promoter activity by activating NF‐κB, thereby promoting the transcriptional expression of SNHG16 and forming a positive feedback loop that aggravated HCC malignancy. Our findings reveal a mechanism for the sustained activation of the SNHG16/miR‐605‐3p/TRAF6/NF‐κB feedback loop in HCC and provide a potential target for a new HCC treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yu-Yan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jia-Zhou Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qin-Sheng Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wan-Jiang Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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110
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Zhang L, Liu Y, Chen XG, Zhang Y, Chen J, Hao ZY, Fan S, Zhang LG, Du HX, Liang CZ. MicroRNA expression profile in chronic nonbacterial prostatitis revealed by next-generation small RNA sequencing. Asian J Androl 2020; 21:351-359. [PMID: 30604696 PMCID: PMC6628738 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_97_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to be involved in the pathogenic initiation and progression of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP); however, the comprehensive expression profile of dysregulated miRNAs, relevant signaling pathways, and core machineries in CNP have not been fully elucidated. In the current research, CNP rat models were established through the intraprostatic injection of carrageenan into the prostate. Then, next-generation sequencing was performed to explore the miRNA expression profile in CNP. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) bioinformatical analyses were conducted to reveal the enriched biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components and signaling pathways. As a result, 1224, 1039, and 1029 known miRNAs were annotated in prostate tissues from the blank control (BC), normal saline injection (NS), and carrageenan injection (CAR) groups (n = 3 for each group), respectively. Among them, 84 miRNAs (CAR vs BC) and 70 miRNAs (CAR vs NS) with significantly different expression levels were identified. Compared with previously reported miRNAs with altered expression in various inflammatory diseases, the majority of deregulated miRNAs in CNP, such as miR-146b-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-150-5p, and miR-139-5p, showed similar expression patterns. Moreover, bioinformatics analyses have enriched mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), endocytosis, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathways. These pathways were all involved in immune response, which indicates the critical regulatory role of the immune system in CNP initiation and progression. Our investigation has presented a global view of the differentially expressed miRNAs and potential regulatory networks containing their target genes, which may be helpful for identifying the novel mechanisms of miRNAs in immune regulation and effective target-specific theragnosis for CNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xian-Guo Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Zong-Yao Hao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Song Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Li-Gang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - He-Xi Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chao-Zhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
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111
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Ntelios D, Efthimiadis G, Zegkos T, Didagelos M, Katopodi T, Meditskou S, Parcharidou D, Karvounis H, Tzimagiorgis G. Correlation of miR-146a-5p plasma levels and rs2910164 polymorphism with left ventricle outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hellenic J Cardiol 2020; 62:349-354. [PMID: 32389629 DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease of the myocardium that is characterized by phenotypic variability among patients. miR-146a is a small non-coding RNA that is well known for its role in inflammation and myocardial hypertrophy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of miR-146a as a candidate genetic factor influencing HCM phenotype. METHODS In this study, 140 HCM patients and 112 control individuals were genotyped for the rs2910164 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MIR146A gene; using this data, the correlation between different genotypes and clinical features of the disease were determined. Additionally, plasma levels of miR-146a-5p were determined in 50 HCM patients and 30 control individuals by using qPCR. RESULTS The incidence of GC and CC genotypes were significantly lower in HCM patients (odds ratio (OR) = 0.5 [0.3-0.8], p = 0.007). The GC/CC genotypes in the dominant genetic model positively correlated with the presence of left ventricle outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction (OR = 2.3 [1.2-4.7] and p = 0.018), a higher left ventricle mass index (118 ± 47 g/m2 vs 92 ± 42 g/m2 and p = 0.02), and increased left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (4.66 ± 0.64cm vs 4.39 ± 0.7cm and p = 0.026). Atrial fibrillation was significantly higher in patients homozygous for the C allele (OR = 10.6 [2-55], p = 0.003). Interestingly, the plasma levels of miR-146a-5p were significantly increased in HCM patients with LVOT obstruction. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the C allele of the rs2910164 SNP might be under negative selection in HCM patients. Additionally, plasma levels of miR-146a-5p and GC/CC genotypes are indicative of the obstructive phenotype in HCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ntelios
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Efthimiadis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Zegkos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Matthaios Didagelos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodora Katopodi
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Soultana Meditskou
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Despoina Parcharidou
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Haralampos Karvounis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Tzimagiorgis
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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112
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miR-155 Accelerates the Growth of Human Liver Cancer Cells by Activating CDK2 via Targeting H3F3A. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 17:471-483. [PMID: 32490171 PMCID: PMC7260613 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
miR-155 is associated with the promotion of tumorigenesis. Herein, we indicate that abnormal miR-155 was negatively correlated with the expression of P21WAF1/Cip1. Our results suggest that miR-155 alters the transcriptome and inhibits the expression of H3F3A in liver cancer cells. Therefore, miR-155 inhibits the methylation modification of histone H3 on the 27th lysine. Notably, on the one hand, miR-155-dependent CTCF loops cause the CDK2 interacting with cyclin E in liver cancer cells; on the other hand, miR-155 promotes the phosphorylation modification of CDK2 by inhibiting H3F3A. Subsequently, miR-155 competitively blocks the binding of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) to the P21WAF1/CIP1 promoter by increasing the phosphorylation of CDK2, inhibiting the transcription and translation of P21WAF1/CIP1. Strikingly, excessive P21WAF1/CIP1 abolishes the cancerous function of miR-155. In conclusion, miR-155 can play a positive role in the development of liver cancer and influence a series of gene expression through epigenetic regulation.
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113
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Wei M, Gao X, Liu L, Li Z, Wan Z, Dong Y, Chen X, Niu Y, Zhang J, Yang G. Visceral Adipose Tissue Derived Exosomes Exacerbate Colitis Severity via Pro-inflammatory MiRNAs in High Fat Diet Fed Mice. ACS NANO 2020; 14:5099-5110. [PMID: 32275391 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A pioneering epidemic study has revealed a strong association between obesity and the risk of colitis. In this study, a high fat diet was found to significantly aggravate colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Meanwhile, a high fat diet changed the miRNA profile of the visceral adipose exosomes, switching the exosomes from anti-inflammatory to a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Strikingly, these inflammatory exosomes efficiently circulated into the lamina propria of the intestine, while these exosomes predisposed the intestine to inflammation via promoting macrophage M1 polarization. Mechanistically, the exosomes promoted M1 differentiation at least partially via transferring pro-inflammatory miRNAs, such as miR-155. Moreover, exosome-mediated miR-155 inhibitor delivery significantly prevented DSS-induced colitis. Together, the study has revealed an exosomal pathway of how obesity aggravates colitis and proposes an exosome-based intervention strategy for colitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaotong Gao
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhelong Li
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuo Wan
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xutao Chen
- Department of Implantation, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Niu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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114
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Myeloid cell-targeted miR-146a mimic inhibits NF-κB-driven inflammation and leukemia progression in vivo. Blood 2020; 135:167-180. [PMID: 31805184 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019002045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is a key regulator of inflammation and cancer progression, with an important role in leukemogenesis. Despite its therapeutic potential, targeting NF-κB using pharmacologic inhibitors has proven challenging. Here, we describe a myeloid cell-selective NF-κB inhibitor using an miR-146a mimic oligonucleotide conjugated to a scavenger receptor/Toll-like receptor 9 agonist (C-miR146a). Unlike an unconjugated miR146a, C-miR146a was rapidly internalized and delivered to the cytoplasm of target myeloid cells and leukemic cells. C-miR146a reduced expression of classic miR-146a targets (IRAK1 and TRAF6), thereby blocking activation of NF-κB in target cells. IV injections of C-miR146a mimic to miR-146a-deficient mice prevented excessive NF-κB activation in myeloid cells, and thus alleviated myeloproliferation and mice hypersensitivity to bacterial challenge. Importantly, C-miR146a showed efficacy in dampening severe inflammation in clinically relevant models of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-induced cytokine release syndrome. Systemic administration of C-miR146a oligonucleotide alleviated human monocyte-dependent release of IL-1 and IL-6 in a xenotransplanted B-cell lymphoma model without affecting CD19-specific CAR T-cell antitumor activity. Beyond anti-inflammatory functions, miR-146a is a known tumor suppressor commonly deleted or expressed at reduced levels in human myeloid leukemia. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas acute myeloid leukemia data set, we found an inverse correlation of miR-146a levels with NF-κB-related genes and with patient survival. Correspondingly, C-miR146a induced cytotoxic effects in human MDSL, HL-60, and MV4-11 leukemia cells in vitro. The repeated IV administration of C-miR146a inhibited expression of NF-κB target genes and thereby thwarted progression of disseminated HL-60 leukemia. Our results show the potential of using myeloid cell-targeted miR-146a mimics for the treatment of inflammatory and myeloproliferative disorders.
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115
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Pasca S, Jurj A, Petrushev B, Tomuleasa C, Matei D. MicroRNA-155 Implication in M1 Polarization and the Impact in Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:625. [PMID: 32351507 PMCID: PMC7174664 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are known to have an impact in cytokine signaling in the myriad of organs in which they reside and are classically known to be either pro-inflammatory (M1), anti-inflammatory (M2). Different classes of signaling molecules influence these states, of which, microRNAs represent key modulators. These are short RNA species approximately 21 to 23 nucleotides long that generally act by binding to the 3' untranslated region of mRNAs, regulating their translation, and, thus, the quantity of protein they encode. From these species, microRNA-155 was observed to be of great importance for M1 polarization. Because of it's major implication in M1 polarization microRNA-155 was shown to be implicated in different inflammatory diseases. To name a few, microRNA-155 was shown to be modified in patients with asthma and to correlate with asthma symptoms in mouse model; it has been shown to modulate the activity of foam cells and influence the dimensions of the atherosclerotic plaque and it has also been shown to be of crucial influence in transducing the signal of LPS in septic shock. Because of this, the current review aims to offer an overview of the role of microRNA-155 in M1 polarization, the implication that this poses for the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases and the potential therapeutic possibilities that this knowledge might bring. Currently, microRNA-155 has been used in clinical trials as a marker of inflammation, but the question remains if it's inhibition will be useful in inflammatory diseases, as other products might have a better cost/benefit ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Pasca
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bobe Petrushev
- “Octavian Fodor” Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- The Oncology Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Matei
- “Octavian Fodor” Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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116
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Ekiz HA, Ramstead AG, Lee SH, Nelson MC, Bauer KM, Wallace JA, Hu R, Round JL, Rutter J, Drummond MJ, Rao DS, O'Connell RM. T Cell-Expressed microRNA-155 Reduces Lifespan in a Mouse Model of Age-Related Chronic Inflammation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 204:2064-2075. [PMID: 32161096 PMCID: PMC7325601 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related chronic inflammation is a risk factor for many human disorders through incompletely understood mechanisms. Aged mice deficient in microRNA (miRNA/miR)-146a succumb to life-shortening chronic inflammation. In this study, we report that miR-155 in T cells contributes to shortened lifespan of miR-146a-/- mice. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry, we found that miR-155 promotes the activation of effector T cell populations, including T follicular helper cells, and increases germinal center B cells and autoantibodies in mice aged over 15 months. Mechanistically, aerobic glycolysis genes are elevated in T cells during aging, and upon deletion of miR-146a, in a T cell miR-155-dependent manner. Finally, skewing T cell metabolism toward aerobic glycolysis by deleting mitochondrial pyruvate carrier recapitulates age-dependent T cell phenotypes observed in miR-146a-/- mice, revealing the sufficiency of metabolic reprogramming to influence immune cell functions during aging. Altogether, these data indicate that T cell-specific miRNAs play pivotal roles in regulating lifespan through their influences on inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Atakan Ekiz
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Andrew G Ramstead
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Soh-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Morgan C Nelson
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Kaylyn M Bauer
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Jared A Wallace
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Ruozhen Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - June L Round
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Jared Rutter
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Dinesh S Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112;
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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Tea Polysaccharide (TPS) Reduces Astrocytes Apoptosis Induced by Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation by Regulating the miR-375/SRXN1 Axis. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/1308081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the effect of tea polysaccharides (TPS) mediated by miR-375/SRXN1 axis on mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and proliferation and apoptosis of astrocytes (AS) conducted with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Methods. Mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and OGD/R-induced AS injury model were established; brain obstruction volume was measured by TTC staining; dry/wet weight ratio was used for measuring brain water content; hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content in brain tissue was measured by H2O2 assay kit; cell viability and apoptosis rate were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively; the expression level of miR-375 in OGD/R-AS was detected using qPCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-375 and SRXN1; mRNA levels of miR-375, SRXN1, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were measured by qPCR; the protein levels of SRXN1, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were measured by Western blotting. Results. The volume of cerebral obstruction, brain water content and H2O2 content in mice decreased gradually with the increase of TPS concentration. TPS treatment in vitro could effectively improve OGD/R-AS viability and reduce the apoptotic rate; overexpression of miR-375 inhibited AS viability but increased the apoptotic rate; TPS treatment resulted in a decrease in the expression of miR-375 in OGD/R-AS; MiR-375 targeted SRXN1 in AS; inhibition of miR-375 expression significantly upregulated SRXN1 levels; TPS treatment with simultaneous overexpression of SRXN1 significantly increased OGD/R-AS activity and reduced apoptosis; however, TPS treatment with simultaneous overexpression of SRXN1 and miR-375 resulted in no significant difference in cell viability and apoptosis rate compared with the control group. Conclusion. TPS reduces astrocyte injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice by regulating the miR-375/SRXN1 molecular axis.
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Alibhai FJ, Lim F, Yeganeh A, DiStefano PV, Binesh‐Marvasti T, Belfiore A, Wlodarek L, Gustafson D, Millar S, Li S, Weisel RD, Fish JE, Li R. Cellular senescence contributes to age-dependent changes in circulating extracellular vesicle cargo and function. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13103. [PMID: 31960578 PMCID: PMC7059145 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as important regulators of inter‐cellular and inter‐organ communication, in part via the transfer of their cargo to recipient cells. Although circulating EVs have been previously studied as biomarkers of aging, how circulating EVs change with age and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to these changes are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that aging has a profound effect on the circulating EV pool, as evidenced by changes in concentration, size, and cargo. Aging also alters particle function; treatment of cells with EV fractions isolated from old plasma reduces macrophage responses to lipopolysaccharide, increases phagocytosis, and reduces endothelial cell responses to vascular endothelial growth factor compared to cells treated with young EV fractions. Depletion studies indicate that CD63+ particles mediate these effects. Treatment of macrophages with EV‐like particles revealed that old particles increased the expression of EV miRNAs in recipient cells. Transfection of cells with microRNA mimics recapitulated some of the effects seen with old EV‐like particles. Investigation into the underlying mechanisms using bone marrow transplant studies revealed circulating cell age does not substantially affect the expression of aging‐associated circulating EV miRNAs in old mice. Instead, we show that cellular senescence contributes to changes in particle cargo and function. Notably, senolytic treatment of old mice shifted plasma particle cargo and function toward that of a younger phenotype. Collectively, these results demonstrate that senescent cells contribute to changes in plasma EVs with age and suggest a new mechanism by which senescent cells can affect cellular functions throughout the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal J. Alibhai
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Fievel Lim
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Azadeh Yeganeh
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Peter V. DiStefano
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Tina Binesh‐Marvasti
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Alyssa Belfiore
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Lukasz Wlodarek
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Dakota Gustafson
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Sean Millar
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Shu‐Hong Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - Richard D. Weisel
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery Peter Munk Cardiac CentreToronto General Hospital and University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Jason E. Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
| | - Ren‐Ke Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute Toronto General Hospital Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery Peter Munk Cardiac CentreToronto General Hospital and University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
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Li X, Jia Y, Nan A, Zhang N, Zhou H, Chen L, Pan X, Qiu M, Zhu J, Zhang H, Ling Y, Jiang Y. CircRNA104250 and lncRNAuc001.dgp.1 promote the PM 2.5-induced inflammatory response by co-targeting miR-3607-5p in BEAS-2B cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113749. [PMID: 31864925 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is closely related to the occurrence and development of airway inflammation. Exploration of the role of PM2.5 in inflammation is the first step towards clarifying the harmful effects of particulate pollution. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced airway inflammation are yet to be fully established. In this study, we focused on the specific roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in PM2.5-induced airway inflammation. In a human bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B, PM2.5 at a concentration of 75 μg/mL induced the inflammatory response. Microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed significant upregulation of circRNA104250 and lncRNAuc001.dgp.1 during the PM2.5-induced inflammatory response in this cell line. Data from functional analyses further showed that both molecules promote an inflammatory response. CircRNA104250 and lncRNAuc001.dgp.1 target miR-3607-5p and affect expression of interleukin 1 receptor 1 (IL1R1), which influences the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In summary, we have uncovered an underlying mechanism of airway inflammation by PM2.5 involving regulation of ncRNA for the first time, which provides further insights into the toxicological effects of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yangyang Jia
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Aruo Nan
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hanyu Zhou
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Lijian Chen
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiujiao Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Miaoyun Qiu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jialu Zhu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yihui Ling
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Keck J, Chambers JP, Kancharla A, Bashir DH, Henley L, Schenkel K, Castillo K, Neal Guentzel M, Gupta R, Arulanandam BP. The Role of MicroRNA-155 in Chlamydia muridarum Infected lungs. Microbes Infect 2020; 22:360-365. [PMID: 32084556 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Our laboratory has investigated the role of an evolutionarily conserved RNA species called microRNAs (miRs) in regulation of anti-chlamydial protective immunity. MiRs including miR-155 expressed in specific immune effector cells are critical for antigen specific protective immunity and IFN-γ production. Using miR-155 deficient mice, and a murine pulmonary model for chlamydial infection, we report here 1) the effect of host miR-155 on bacterial burden, and 2) identify probable immune genes regulated by miR-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon Keck
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - James P Chambers
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Aravind Kancharla
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Dona Haj Bashir
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Laura Henley
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Katherine Schenkel
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Kevin Castillo
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - M Neal Guentzel
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA
| | - Rishein Gupta
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
| | - Bernard P Arulanandam
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, 78249, USA.
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Woeller CF, Roztocil E, Hammond C, Feldon SE. TSHR Signaling Stimulates Proliferation Through PI3K/Akt and Induction of miR-146a and miR-155 in Thyroid Eye Disease Orbital Fibroblasts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:4336-4345. [PMID: 31622470 PMCID: PMC6798326 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the molecular pathways that drive thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR)–induced cellular proliferation in orbital fibroblasts (OFs) from thyroid eye disease (TED) patients. Methods Orbital fibroblasts from TED and non-TED patients were treated with TSH and changes in gene expression and proliferation were measured. To determine the role of TSHR, TSHR-specific siRNA was used to deplete TSHR levels. Proliferation was measured by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. PI3K/Akt activation was analyzed by Western blot. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 was used to investigate PI3K/Akt signaling in OF proliferation. Expression of TSHR, inflammatory cytokines, proliferation related genes and miR-146a and miR-155 were measured by qPCR. Results Orbital fibroblasts from TED patients proliferate significantly more than non-TED OFs in response to TSH. TSH-induced proliferation was dependent upon TSHR expression and required the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade. TSHR activation stimulated miR-146a and miR-155 expression. TED OFs produced significantly more miR-146a and miR-155 than non-TED OFs. MiR-146a and miR-155 targets, ZNRF3 and PTEN, which both limit cell proliferation, were decreased in TSH treated OFs. Conclusions These data reveal that TSHR signaling in TED OFs stimulates proliferation directly through PI3K/Akt signaling and indirectly through induction of miR-146a and miR-155. MiR-146a and miR-155 enhance TED OF proliferation by reducing expression of target genes that normally block cell proliferation. TSHR-dependent expression of miR-146a and miR-155 may explain part of the fibroproliferative pathology observed in TED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collynn F Woeller
- Flaum Eye Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Elisa Roztocil
- Flaum Eye Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Christine Hammond
- Flaum Eye Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Steven E Feldon
- Flaum Eye Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States
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Attenuation of Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy by Regulation of MicroRNA-23b Is Mediated Through Targeting of MyD88-Mediated NF-κB Activation. Inflammation 2019; 42:973-986. [PMID: 30734878 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial cell injury or cardiomyopathy is associated with excessive inflammatory response and apoptosis of cardiac myocytes during sepsis. MicroRNA-23b (miR-23b) is a multifunctional miRNA that is considered to regulate immunosuppression in sepsis. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of miR-23b on cardiomyopathy induced by sepsis and to explore the potential mechanism involved. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and the level of miR-23b at different time points was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Then, we overexpressed miR-23b in vivo and in vitro. The rats were subjected to CLP 7 days after transfection. Cardiac function, inflammatory response, and heart tissues were examined 3 days thereafter. In an in vitro experiment, H9C2 cardiomyoblasts were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after transfection of miR-23b, following which apoptosis and the level of NF-κB were analyzed. The expression of miR-23b was upregulated during polymicrobial sepsis, and transfection of miR-23b lentivirus improved the outcome of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by attenuating inflammatory responses and protecting against histopathological damage. In in vitro experiments, elevated miR-23b inhibited excessive apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, which may be because activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited by the decreased levels of TRAF6 and IKKβ. Therefore, miR-23b improved sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by attenuating the inflammatory response, suppressing apoptosis, and preventing NF-κB activation via targeted inhibition of TRAF6 and IκκB. These results indicated that miR-23b may represent a novel therapeutic approach for clinical treatment of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Chu C, Lei X, Li Y, Luo Y, Ding Y, Zhou W, Ji W. High expression of miR-222-3p in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Ital J Pediatr 2019; 45:163. [PMID: 31842954 PMCID: PMC6916232 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-019-0750-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children. However, its mechanism of pathogenesis is not fully understood, and microRNAs might play a role. This study aimed to explore the microRNA-222-3p (miR-222-3p) expression and its possible role in children with M.pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Methods Thirty-six children with MPP and twenty-seven age-matched controls from Children’s Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled in this study. MiR-222-3p and cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) mRNA were detected using real-time PCR in children’s peripheral blood plasma samples. THP-1 cells and mice were stimulated with M.pneumoniae lipid-associated membrane proteins(LAMPs). Results Children with MPP had significantly higher levels of miR-222-3p and lower levels of CD4 in peripheral blood plasma (P < 0.05). Additionally, Sixteen children with MPP complicated with pleural effusion had higher miR-222-3p levels than those without pleural effusion. MiR-222-3p or CD4 in THP-1 cells increased or decreased, respectively, in a dose dependent manner after LAMP stimulation. In LAMP-stimulated mice massive inflammatory cells infiltrates surrounded the bronchioles, and miR-222-3p increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In conclusion, miR-222-3p was highly expressed in children with MPP, especially those with pleural effusion. Conclusion Small sample studies showed that M.pneumoniae or its LAMPs could increase miR-222-3p and decrease CD4 in macrophages,both in vitro and vivo.Thus, miR-222-3p might be an MPP biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Chu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoli Lei
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yali Luo
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Weifang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhu L, Yang X, He F, Wang T, Bao T, Lu H, Wang H, Yang S. Inulin alleviates inflammation of alcoholic liver disease via SCFAs-inducing suppression of M1 and facilitation of M2 macrophages in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:106062. [PMID: 31830621 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) presents one of the leading causes of cirrhosis worldwide. We have demonstrated that inulin alleviates ALD in mice. However, the exact role of hepatic macrophages in effects of inulin on ALD remains largely unclear. METHODS In vivo, mice were divided into 4 groups: pair-fed (PF) group (PF/CON), alcohol-fed (AF) group (AF/CON), PF with inulin (INU) group (PF/INU) and AF with INU group (AF/INU). Each group was fed modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with or without alcohol. In vitro, RAW264.7 cell lines were polarized to M1 macrophage (Mψ) or M2 Mψ subsets with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin-4 (IL-4) stimulation, respectively. The effects of propionate, butyrate and valeric on macrophage M1/M2 were investigated. RESULTS The contents of propionate, butyrate and valeric were significantly increased in AF/INU group compared with that in the AF/CON group. M1 Mψ, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in AF/INU group were significantly lower than those in AF/CON group. In contrast, M2 Mψ, arginase-1 (Arg-1), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were notably increased in AF/INU group. In vitro, sodium propionate, sodium butyrate and sodium valerate can suppress M1 Mψ and increase M2 Mψ polarization. CONCLUSION In ALD, inulin ameliorates the inflammation via SCFAs-inducing suppression of M1 and facilitation of M2 Mψ, which may potentially contribute to the control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China; Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Ting Bao
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Haixia Lu
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Shaoqi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
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Ferro E, Enrico Bena C, Grigolon S, Bosia C. From Endogenous to Synthetic microRNA-Mediated Regulatory Circuits: An Overview. Cells 2019; 8:E1540. [PMID: 31795372 PMCID: PMC6952906 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that are evolutionarily conserved and are pivotal post-transcriptional mediators of gene regulation. Together with transcription factors and epigenetic regulators, they form a highly interconnected network whose building blocks can be classified depending on the number of molecular species involved and the type of interactions amongst them. Depending on their topology, these molecular circuits may carry out specific functions that years of studies have related to the processing of gene expression noise. In this review, we first present the different over-represented network motifs involving microRNAs and their specific role in implementing relevant biological functions, reviewing both theoretical and experimental studies. We then illustrate the recent advances in synthetic biology, such as the construction of artificially synthesised circuits, which provide a controlled tool to test experimentally the possible microRNA regulatory tasks and constitute a starting point for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsi Ferro
- IIGM—Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Torino), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Torino), Italy
| | - Chiara Enrico Bena
- IIGM—Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Torino), Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Torino), Italy
| | - Silvia Grigolon
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Carla Bosia
- IIGM—Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo (Torino), Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Potential Impact of MicroRNA Gene Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. J Pers Med 2019; 9:jpm9040051. [PMID: 31775219 PMCID: PMC6963792 DOI: 10.3390/jpm9040051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small (18–23 nucleotides), non-coding RNA molecules. They regulate the posttranscriptional expression of their target genes. MiRNAs control vital physiological processes such as metabolism, development, differentiation, cell cycle and apoptosis. The control of the gene expression by miRNAs requires efficient binding between the miRNA and their target mRNAs. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have suggested the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with certain diseases in various populations. Gene polymorphisms of miRNA target sites have been implicated in diseases such as cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular and Parkinson’s disease. Likewise, gene polymorphisms of miRNAs have been reported to be associated with diseases. In this review, we discuss the SNPs in miRNA genes that have been associated with diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in different populations. We also discuss briefly the potential underlining mechanisms through which these SNPs increase the risk of developing these diseases.
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127
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Wang X, Yan X, Yang Y, Yang W, Zhang Y, Wang J, Ye D, Wu Y, Ma P, Yan B. Dibutyl phthalate-mediated oxidative stress induces splenic injury in mice and the attenuating effects of vitamin E and curcumin. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 136:110955. [PMID: 31712109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that at certain levels can be harmful to human health. Although DBP has been widely linked to immunotoxicity, any association between DBP exposure and splenic injury remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether DBP exposure can induce splenic injury and the antagonistic effects of two antioxidants, vitamin E (VitE) and curcumin (Cur), on DBP-induced splenic injury. The levels of ROS, GSH, T-AOC, IL-1β, TNF-α, cytochrome C, caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3 in the spleen homogenate of mice were measured. Any histopathological changes in the spleen were observed using H&E and toluidine blue staining. And the morphology of mitochondria was observed using Janus Green B staining. The results indicate that exposure to 50 mg/kg DBP could cause histopathological changes of the spleen and result in inflammation and apoptosis associated with oxidative stress, which may lead to splenic injury in mice. Moreover, both VitE and Cur could antagonize the oxidative stress induced by DBP to reduce splenic injury. These findings help to expand our understanding of DBP-mediated immunotoxicity, and to show that VitE and Cur can alleviate DBP-induced splenic injury and the possible DBP-associated decline in immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xu Yan
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Yuyan Yang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Wenjing Yang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Yujing Zhang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Jiao Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Dan Ye
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Yang Wu
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and Neurological Diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
| | - Ping Ma
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and Neurological Diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
| | - Biao Yan
- Laboratory of Environment-immunological and Neurological Diseases, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
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128
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Luly FR, Lévêque M, Licursi V, Cimino G, Martin-Chouly C, Théret N, Negri R, Cavinato L, Ascenzioni F, Del Porto P. MiR-146a is over-expressed and controls IL-6 production in cystic fibrosis macrophages. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16259. [PMID: 31700158 PMCID: PMC6838115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52770-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease that is characterised by susceptibility to bacterial infections and chronic lung inflammation. Recently, it was suggested that macrophages contribute to impaired host defence and excessive inflammatory responses in CF. Indeed, dysfunction attributed to CF macrophages includes decreased bacterial killing and exaggerated inflammatory responses. However, the mechanisms behind such defects have only been partially defined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of several macrophage functions, including their activation, differentiation and polarisation. The goal of this study was to investigate whether miRNA dysregulation underlies the functional abnormalities of CF macrophages. MiRNA profiling of macrophages was performed, with 22 miRNAs identified as differentially expressed between CF and non-CF individuals. Among these, miR-146a was associated with significant enrichment of validated target genes involved in responses to microorganisms and inflammation. As miR-146a dysregulation has been reported in several human inflammatory diseases, we analysed the impact of increased miR-146a expression on inflammatory responses of CF macrophages. These data show that inhibition of miR-146a in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated CF macrophages results in increased interleukin-6 production, which suggests that miR-146a overexpression in CF is functional, to restrict inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco R Luly
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin" Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuella Lévêque
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin" Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Service de Dermatologie CHU de Poitiers, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Valerio Licursi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin" Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Corinne Martin-Chouly
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR S 1085, F-35000 University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Théret
- Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR S 1085, F-35000 University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Rodolfo Negri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin" Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cavinato
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin" Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorentina Ascenzioni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin" Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Del Porto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "C. Darwin" Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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129
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Zhang P, Yu J, Gui Y, Sun C, Han W. Inhibition of miRNA-222-3p Relieves Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-Induced Liver Inflammatory Injury by Upregulating Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling 1. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:1093-1102. [PMID: 31637892 PMCID: PMC6813146 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.11.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) has been well-documented to induce liver injury. miRNA-222-3p (miR-222-3p) was implicated in SEB-induced lung injury and several liver injuries. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-222-3p in SEB-induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of miR-222-3p and suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) was detected using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. Liver injury was determined by levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and inflammatory cytokines, numbers of infiltrating mononuclear cells using AST/ALT assay kit, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and hematoxylin-eosin staining, respectively. Target binding between miR-222-3p and SOCS1 was predicted on targetScan software, and confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS SEB induced liver injury in D-galactosamine (D-gal)-sensitized mice, as demonstrated by increased serum levels of AST and ALT, elevated release of interferon-gamma (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-2, and promoted infiltrating immune cells into liver. Expression of miR-222-3p was dramatically upregulated, and SOCS1 was downregulated in SEB-induced liver injury both in mice and splenocytes. Moreover, miR-222-3p knockout (KO) mice exhibited alleviated liver injury accompanied with SOCS1 upregulation. Besides, splenocytes under SEB challenge released less INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2 during miR-222-3p knockdown. Mechanically, SOCS1 was targeted and downregulated by miR-222-3p. Upregulation of SOCS1 attenuated INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-2 release in SEB-induced splenocytes; downregulation of SOCS1 could block the suppressive role of miR-222-3p knockdown in SEB-induced splenocytes. CONCLUSION Inhibition of miR-222-3p relieves SEB-induced liver inflammatory injury by upregulating SOCS1, thereby providing the first evidence of miR-222-3p in SEB-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, China
| | - Jingda Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Baotou Medical College of Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yifang Gui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Cui Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, China
| | - Weiping Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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130
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Mai H, Fan W, Wang Y, Cai Y, Li X, Chen F, Chen X, Yang J, Tang P, Chen H, Zou T, Hong T, Wan C, Zhao B, Cui L. Intranasal Administration of miR-146a Agomir Rescued the Pathological Process and Cognitive Impairment in an AD Mouse Model. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:681-695. [PMID: 31707205 PMCID: PMC6849368 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and cannot be cured. The etiology and pathogenesis of AD is still not fully understood, the genetics is considered to be one of the most important factors for AD onset, and the identified susceptible genes could provide clues to the AD mechanism and also be the potential targets. MicroRNA-146a-5p (miR-146a) is well known in the regulation of the inflammatory response, and the functional SNP of miR-146a was associated with AD risk. In this study, using a noninvasive nasal administration, we discovered that a miR-146a agomir (M146AG) rescued cognitive impairment in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse and alleviated the overall pathological process in the AD mouse model, including neuroinflammation, glia activation, Aβ deposit, and tau phosphorylation in hippocampi. Furthermore, the transcriptional analysis revealed that besides the effect of neuroinflammation, M146AG may serve as a multi-potency target for intervention in AD. In addition, Srsf6 was identified as a target of miR-146a, which may play a role in AD progression. In conclusion, our study supports that the nasal-to-brain pathway is efficient and operable for the brain administration of microRNAs (miRNAs), and that miR-146a may be a new potential target for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Weihao Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiongjin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jingqi Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Pei Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huiyi Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Tingting Hong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Conghua Wan
- School of Humanities and Management, Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Lili Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
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131
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Epigenetic Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine-Induced Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Cell Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Generation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101143. [PMID: 31557902 PMCID: PMC6829508 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neoplastic transformation of normal to metastatic cancer cells is a complex multistep process involving the progressive accumulation of interacting genetic and epigenetic changes that alter gene function and affect cell physiology and homeostasis. Epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, histone modifications and changes in noncoding RNA expression, and deregulation of epigenetic processes can alter gene expression during the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Cancer progression and metastasis through an ‘invasion–metastasis cascade’ involving an epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT), the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), invasion of adjacent tissues, and dissemination are fueled by inflammation, which is considered a hallmark of cancer. Chronic inflammation is generated by inflammatory cytokines secreted by the tumor and the tumor-associated cells within the tumor microenvironment. Inflammatory cytokine signaling initiates signaling pathways leading to the activation of master transcription factors (TFs) such as Smads, STAT3, and NF-κB. Moreover, the same inflammatory responses also activate EMT-inducing TF (EMT-TF) families such as Snail, Twist, and Zeb, and epigenetic regulators including DNA and histone modifying enzymes and micoRNAs, through complex interconnected positive and negative feedback loops to regulate EMT and CSC generation. Here, we review the molecular regulatory feedback loops and networks involved in inflammatory cytokine-induced EMT and CSC generation.
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132
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Kondo Y, Kogure T, Ninomiya M, Fukuda R, Monma N, Ikeo K, Tanaka Y. The reduction of miR146b-5p in monocytes and T cells could contribute to the immunopathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13393. [PMID: 31527804 PMCID: PMC6746729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49706-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that various kinds of miRNAs could affect the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection. Recently, our group reported that deep-sequencing analysis was useful to detect disease-specific miRNAs. The aim of this study is to identify the HCV-specific miRNAs that could contribute to the immunopathogenesis of HCV by using clinical samples and in vitro analysis. Five miRNAs (hsa-miR181a-2-3p, hsa-miR-374a-3p, hsa-miR374a-5p, hsa-miR-204-5p and hsa-miR146b-5p) were shown to be significantly downregulated in CH-C by deep sequence analysis. The average ratio (PBMCs miRNAs/serum miRNAs) of hsa-miR146b-5p was highest among all the miRNAs. Moreover, serum hsa-miR146b-5p was significantly down-regulated in CH-C patients in comparison to CH-B patients and healthy subjects. The expression of hsa-miR146b-5p in CD3+ T cells and CD14+ monocytes of CH-C patients was significantly lower than that of the other groups. The hsa-miR146b-5p expression in CD14+ monocytes of SVR patients treated with Peg-IFN/RBV was significantly higher than in those of non-SVR patients treated with Peg IFN/RBV. However, the hsa-miR146b-5p expression in CD14+ monocytes of SVR patients treated with DCV and ASV was comparable to that in monocytes of non-SVR patients treated with DCV and ASV. Moreover, the expression levels of hsa-miR146b-5p in CD14+ monocytes were significantly increased after achieving SVR and 1(OH)Vitamin D3 treatment. Further, the expression of HCV-Core could suppress miR146b-5p expression in immune cells and affect the expression of various kinds of cytokines by affecting the NF-κB signaling. In conclusion, the reduction of miR146b-5p in monocytes and T cells could contribute to the immunopathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuteru Kondo
- Department of Hepatology, Sendai Kousei Hospital, 4-15 Hirose, Aoba, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan. .,Department of Virology & Liver unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi, Mizuho, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Kogure
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masashi Ninomiya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryo Fukuda
- Department of Hepatology, Sendai Kousei Hospital, 4-15 Hirose, Aoba, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Norikazu Monma
- Center for information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ikeo
- Center for information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Virology & Liver unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi, Mizuho, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
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133
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miR-146a Deficiency Accelerates Hepatic Inflammation Without Influencing Diet-induced Obesity in Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12626. [PMID: 31477775 PMCID: PMC6718417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-146a, an anti-inflammatory microRNA, is shown to be a negative regulator of adipocyte inflammation. However, the functional contribution of miR-146a in the development of obesity is not defined. In order to determine whether miR-146a influences diet-induced obesity, mice that were either wild type (WT) or miR-146a deficient (KO) were fed with high (60% kcal) fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. Deficiency of miR-146a did not influence obesity measured as HFD-induced body weight and fat mass gain, or metabolism of glucose and insulin tolerance. In addition, adipocyte apoptosis, adipose tissue collagen and macrophage accumulation as detected by TUNEL, Picro Sirius and F4/80 immunostaining, respectively, were comparable between the two groups of mice. Although, miR-146a deficiency had no influence on HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, interestingly, it significantly increased obesity-induced inflammatory responses in liver tissue. The present study demonstrates that miR-146a deficiency had no influence on the development of HFD-induced obesity and adipose tissue remodeling, whereas it significantly increased hepatic inflammation in obese mice. This result suggests that miR-146a regulates hepatic inflammation during development of obesity.
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134
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Li Z, Han S, Jia Y, Yang Y, Han F, Wu G, Li X, Zhang W, Jia W, He X, Han J, Hu D. MCPIP1 regulates RORα expression to protect against liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide via modulation of miR-155. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16562-16572. [PMID: 30811042 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury plays vital roles in the development of inflammation and organ dysfunction during sepsis. MCP-1-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), as an endoribonuclease, is a critical regulator for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. However, whether MCPIP1 participates in the septic liver injury remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of MCPIP1 in lipopolysaccharides-induced liver injury and the underlying modulatory mechanisms. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting were used to determine proinflammatory cytokines, MCPIP1, retinoid-related orphan receptor α (RORα), miR-155, and related protein from nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway expression. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to analyze whether miR-155 regulates RORα transcription. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines into sera in mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate transaminase, assay were used to evaluate liver function. We found that MCPIP1 expression was notably upregulated and significantly downregulated inflammatory cytokine secretion and NF-κB signaling activation in macrophages following exposure to lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, miR-155, lowered by MCPIP1, directly targeted on 3'-untranslated region of RORα to activate an inflammatory response. Importantly, MCPIP1 overexpression in mice alleviated septic liver injury symptoms following lipopolysaccharides stimulation. Collectively, these data highlight MCPIP1/miR-155/RORα axis as a novel modulation of inflammation in liver injury and potential therapeutic target for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shichao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunshu Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fu Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaofeng Wu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbin Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang He
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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135
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Inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase activity improves lesion recovery following spinal cord injury. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2019; 64:1179-1194. [PMID: 36659689 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating traumatic injury that causes persistent, severe motor and sensory dysfunction. Immune responses are involved in functional recovery after SCI. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation 1 (MALT1) has been shown to regulate the survival and differentiation of immune cells and to play a critical role in many diseases, but its function in lesion recovery after SCI remains unclear. In this paper, we generated KI (knock in) mice with a point mutation (C472G) in the active center of MALT1 and found that the KI mice exhibited improved functional recovery after SCI. Fewer macrophages were recruited to the injury site in KI mice and these macrophages differentiated into anti-inflammatory macrophages. Moreover, macrophages from KI mice exhibited reduced phosphorylation of p65, which in turn resulted in decreased SOCS3 expression and increased pSTAT6 levels. Similar results were obtained upon inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase with the small molecule inhibitor "MI-2" or the more specific inhibitor "MLT-827". In patients with SCI, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) displayed increased MALT1 paracaspase. Human macrophages showed reduced pro-inflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory characteristics following the inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase. These findings suggest that inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase activity in the clinic may improve lesion recovery in subjects with SCI.
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136
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Bronisz-Budzyńska I, Chwalenia K, Mucha O, Podkalicka P, Karolina-Bukowska-Strakova, Józkowicz A, Łoboda A, Kozakowska M, Dulak J. miR-146a deficiency does not aggravate muscular dystrophy in mdx mice. Skelet Muscle 2019; 9:22. [PMID: 31412923 PMCID: PMC6693262 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-019-0207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease evoked by a mutation in the dystrophin gene. It is associated with progressive muscle degeneration and increased inflammation. Up to this date, mainly anti-inflammatory treatment is available for patients suffering from DMD. miR-146a is known to diminish inflammation and fibrosis in different tissues by downregulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. However, its role in DMD has not been studied so far. In our work, we have generated mice globally lacking both dystrophin and miR-146a (miR-146a−/−mdx) and examined them together with wild-type, single miR-146a knockout and dystrophic (mdx—lacking dystrophin) mice in a variety of aspects associated with DMD pathophysiology (muscle degeneration, inflammatory reaction, muscle satellite cells, muscle regeneration, and fibrosis). We have shown that miR-146a level is increased in dystrophic muscles in comparison to wild-type mice. Its deficiency augments the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, CCL2, TNFα). However, muscle degeneration was not significantly worsened in mdx mice lacking miR-146a up to 24 weeks of age, although some aggravation of muscle damage and inflammation was evident in 12-week-old animals, though no effect of miR-146a deficiency was visible on quantity, proliferation, and in vitro differentiation of muscle satellite cells isolated from miR-146a−/−mdx mice vs. mdx. Similarly, muscle regeneration and collagen deposition were not changed by miR-146a deficiency. Nevertheless, the lack of miR-146a is associated with decreased Vegfa and increased Tgfb1. Overall, the lack of miR-146a did not aggravate significantly the dystrophic conditions in mdx mice, but its effect on DMD in more severe conditions warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bronisz-Budzyńska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Chwalenia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olga Mucha
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Podkalicka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina-Bukowska-Strakova
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Institute of Paediatrics, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265, 30-663, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kozakowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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Wu X, Wu C, Gu W, Ji H, Zhu L. Serum Exosomal MicroRNAs Predict Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Events in Patients with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3612020. [PMID: 31467883 PMCID: PMC6699276 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3612020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) treatment commonly causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with high mortality. This study was aimed at evaluating whether microRNAs (miRNAs) in circulating exosomes have the predictive values for patients at risk of developing ARDS due to SCAP. METHODS ARDS/ALI-relevant miRNAs were obtained by literature search. Exosomes in serum were isolated by ultracentrifugation method and identified by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Then the miR profiling in the exosomes using real-time PCR was analyzed in SCAP patients with or without ARDS. Moreover, multivariate Cox proportional regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio of miRNA for the occurrence of ARDS and prognosis. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were calculated to discriminate ARDS cases. Finally, the Kaplan-Meier curve using log-rank method was performed to test the equality for survival distributions with different miRNA classifiers. RESULTS A total of 53 SCAP patients were finally recruited. Ten miRNAs were picked out. Further, a subset of exosomal miRNAs, including the miR-146a, miR-27a, miR-126, and miR-155 in ARDS group exhibited significantly elevated levels than those in non-ARDS group. The combined expression of miR-126, miR-27a, miR-146a, and miR-155 predicted ARDS with an area under the curve of 0.909 (95 % CI 0.815 -1). Only miR-126 was selected to have potential to predict the 28-day mortality (OR=1.002, P=0.024) with its median value classifier. CONCLUSIONS The altered levels of circulating exosomal microRNAs may be useful biologic confirmation of ARDS in patients with SCAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chengzhi Wu
- Department of Laboratory, Qihe People's Hospital, Dezhou, 251100, China
| | - Wenyu Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301, Yanchang Rd., Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Haiying Ji
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Al-Rawaf HA, Gabr SA, Alghadir AH. Molecular Changes in Diabetic Wound Healing following Administration of Vitamin D and Ginger Supplements: Biochemical and Molecular Experimental Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:4352470. [PMID: 31428171 PMCID: PMC6679851 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4352470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating micro-RNAs are differentially expressed in various tissues and could be considered as potential regulatory biomarkers for T2DM and related complications, such as chronic wounds. AIM In the current study, we investigated whether ginger extract enriched with [6]-gingerol-fractions either alone or in combination with vitamin D accelerates diabetic wound healing and explores underlying molecular changes in the expression of miRNA and their predicted role in diabetic wound healing. METHODS Diabetic wounded mice were treated with [6]-gingerol-fractions (GF) (25 mg/kg of body weight) either alone or in combination with vitamin D (100 ng/kg per day) for two weeks. Circulating miRNA profile, fibrogenesis markers, hydroxyproline (HPX), fibronectin (FN), and collagen deposition, diabetic control variables, FBS, HbA1c, C-peptide, and insulin, and wound closure rate and histomorphometric analyses were, respectively, measured at days 3, 6, 9, and 15 by RT-PCR and immunoassay analysis. RESULTS Treatment of diabetic wounds with GF and vitamin D showed significant improvement in wound healing as measured by higher expression levels of HPX, FN, collagen, accelerated wound closure, complete epithelialization, and scar formation in short periods (11-13 days, (P < 0.01). On a molecular level, three circulating miRNAs, miR-155, miR-146a, and miR-15a, were identified in diabetic and nondiabetic skin wounds by PCR analysis. Lower expression in miR-155 levels and higher expression of miR-146a and miR-15a levels were observed in diabetic skin wounds following treatment with gingerols fractions and vitamin D for 15 days. The data showed that miRNAs, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-15a, correlated positively with the expression levels of HPX, FN, and collagen and negatively with FBS, HbA1c, C-peptide, and insulin in diabetic wounds following treatment with GF and /or vitamin D, respectively. CONCLUSION Treatment with gingerols fractions (GF) and vitamin D for two weeks significantly improves delayed diabetic wound healing. The data showed that vitamin D and gingerol activate vascularization, fibrin deposition (HPX, FN, and collagen), and myofibroblasts in such manner to synthesize new tissues and help in the scar formation. Accordingly, three miRNAs, miR-155, miR-146a, and miR-15, as molecular targets, were identified and significantly evaluated in wound healing process. It showed significant association with fibrin deposition, vascularization, and reepithelialization process following treatment with GF and vitamin D. It proposed having anti-inflammatory action and promoting new tissue formation via vascularization process during the wound healing. Therefore, it is very interesting to consider miRNAs as molecular targets for evaluating the efficiency of nondrug therapy in the regulation of wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel A. Al-Rawaf
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A. Gabr
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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139
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Chen X, Yuan L, Du J, Zhang C, Sun H. The polysaccharide from the roots of Actinidia eriantha activates RAW264.7 macrophages via regulating microRNA expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:203-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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140
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Xie Z, Wang Y, Huang J, Qian N, Shen G, Chen L. Anti-inflammatory activity of polysaccharides from Phellinus linteus by regulating the NF-κB translocation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:61-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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141
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Liu Y, Kim S, Kim YJ, Perumalsamy H, Lee S, Hwang E, Yi TH. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Euphrasia officinalisleaf extract to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation through NF-κB and JAK/STAT pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2945-2959. [PMID: 31114201 PMCID: PMC6487898 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s199781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have potential applications in the treatment and diagnosis process, which are attributed to their biocompatibility and high efficiency of drug delivery. In the current study, we utilized an extract of Euphrasia officinalis, a traditional folk medicine, to synthesize gold nanoparticles (EO-AuNPs), and investigated their anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Materials and methods The AuNPs were synthesized from an ethanol extract of E. officinalis leaves and characterized using several analytical techniques. Anti-inflammatory activities of EO-AuNPs were detected by a model of LPS-induced upregulation of inflammatory mediators and cytokines including nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. The activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways was investigated by Western blot. Results The results confirmed the successful synthesis of AuNPs by E. officinalis. Transmission electron microscopy images showed obvious uptake of EO-AuNPs and internalization into intracellular membrane–bound compartments, resembling endosomes and lysosomes by RAW 264.7 cells. Cell viability assays showed that EO-AuNPs exhibited little cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells at 100 µg/mL concentration after 24 hours. EO-AuNPs significantly suppressed the LPS-induced release of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 as well as the expression of the iNOS gene and protein in RAW 264.7 cells. Further experiments demonstrated that pretreatment with EO-AuNPs significantly reduced the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor kappa B-alpha and inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. In addition, EO-AuNPs suppressed LPS-stimulated inflammation by blocking the activation of JAK/STAT pathway. Conclusion The synthesized EO-AuNPs showed anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting they may be potential candidates for treating inflammatory-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, ;
| | - Senghyun Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea, ;
| | - Yeon Ju Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, ; .,Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea, ;
| | - Haribalan Perumalsamy
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea, ;
| | - Seungah Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunson Hwang
- Snow White Factory Co., Ltd., Gangnamgu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoo Yi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea, ; .,Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea, ;
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Vaz AR, Pinto S, Ezequiel C, Cunha C, Carvalho LA, Moreira R, Brites D. Phenotypic Effects of Wild-Type and Mutant SOD1 Expression in N9 Murine Microglia at Steady State, Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Conditions. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:109. [PMID: 31024256 PMCID: PMC6465643 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of mutated superoxide dismutase 1 (mSOD1) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves injury to motor neurons (MNs), activation of glial cells and immune unbalance. However, neuroinflammation, besides its detrimental effects, also plays beneficial roles in ALS pathophysiology. Therefore, the targeting of microglia to modulate the release of inflammatory neurotoxic mediators and their exosomal dissemination, while strengthening cell neuroprotective properties, has gained growing interest. We used the N9 microglia cell line to identify phenotype diversity upon the overexpression of wild-type (WT; hSOD1WT) and mutated G93A (hSOD1G93A) protein. To investigate how each transduced cell respond to an inflammatory stimulus, N9 microglia were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) and dipeptidyl vinyl sulfone (VS), known to exert neuroprotective properties, were tested for their immunoregulatory properties. Reduced Fizz1, IL-10 and TLR4 mRNAs were observed in both transduced cells. However, in contrast with hSOD1WT-induced decreased of inflammatory markers, microglia transduced with hSOD1G93A showed upregulation of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α/IL-1β/HMGB1/S100B/iNOS) and membrane receptors (MFG-E8/RAGE). Importantly, their derived exosomes were enriched in HMGB1 and SOD1. When inflammatory-associated miRNAs were evaluated, increased miR-146a in cells with overexpressed hSOD1WT was not recapitulated in their exosomes, whereas hSOD1G93A triggered elevated exosomal miR-155/miR-146a, but no changes in cells. LPS stimulus increased M1/M2 associated markers in the naïve microglia, including MFG-E8, miR-155 and miR-146a, whose expression was decreased in both hSOD1WT and hSOD1G93A cells treated with LPS. Treatment with GUDCA or VS led to a decrease of TNF-α, IL-1β, HMGB1, S100B and miR-155 in hSOD1G93A microglia. Only GUDCA was able to increase cellular IL-10, RAGE and TLR4, together with miR-21, while decreased exosomal miR-155 cargo. Conversely, VS reduced MMP-2/MMP-9 activation, as well as upregulated MFG-E8 and miR-146a, while producing miR-21 shuttling into exosomes. The current study supports the powerful role of overexpressed hSOD1WT in attenuating M1/M2 activation, and that of hSOD1G93A in switching microglia from the steady state into a reactive phenotype with low responsiveness to stimuli. This work further reveals GUDCA and VS as promising modulators of microglia immune response by eliciting common and compound-specific molecular mechanisms that may promote neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Vaz
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara Pinto
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Ezequiel
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carolina Cunha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís A. Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Moreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dora Brites
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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143
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Yang J, Si D, Zhao Y, He C, Yang P. S-amlodipine improves endothelial dysfunction via the RANK/RANKL/OPG system by regulating microRNA-155 in hypertension. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108799. [PMID: 30951948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
S-amlodipine has been broadly used to treat hypertension, but its protective effects and underlying mechanism remain controversial. The purpose of our study was to investigate the mechanism by which S-amlodipine improves endothelial dysfunction. Specifically, we investigated if S-amlodipine regulates RANK/RANKL/OPG and micro-RNA 155 (miR-155) levels. Spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into two groups: SHR (n = 12) and S-amlodipine (n = 12). We found that left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased significantly in the S-amlodipine group compared to the SHR group. After 10 weeks of S-amlodipine treatment, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly lower and eNOS and NO production was significantly higher in the S-amlodipine group compared to the SHR group. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), miR-155, RANK, and RANKL levels were significantly decreased, while OPG mRNA levels were significantly increased in the S-amlodipine group. HUVECs were transfected with miR-155 mimics or an inhibitor to determine the relationship between miR-155 and RANK/RANKL/OPG and NF-κB signaling. OPG mRNA levels following miR-155 inhibition were significantly higher compared to levels following treatment with miR-155 mimics. S-amlodipine significantly inhibited RANKL expression and NF-κB phosphorylation, and there were no significant differences in response to the NF-κB inhibitor (Bay110785). RANKL expression and NF-κB phosphorylation significantly decreased in the miR-155 inhibitor group. Furthermore, OPG protein expression significantly increased in response to miR-155 inhibition and S-amlodipine treatment (all p < 0.05). Our results indicate that S-amlodipine inhibits inflammation and protects against endothelial dysfunction, likely via regulating the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway, which appears to be downstream of miR-155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jining Yang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Changchun, Jilin, China; Department of Medicine Centre, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, China
| | - Daoyuan Si
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chengyan He
- Department of Medicine Centre, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, China.
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Cho KHT, Xu B, Blenkiron C, Fraser M. Emerging Roles of miRNAs in Brain Development and Perinatal Brain Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:227. [PMID: 30984006 PMCID: PMC6447777 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In human beings the immature brain is highly plastic and depending on the stage of gestation is particularly vulnerable to a range of insults that if sufficiently severe, can result in long-term motor, cognitive and behavioral impairment. With improved neonatal care, the incidence of major motor deficits such as cerebral palsy has declined with prematurity. Unfortunately, however, milder forms of injury characterized by diffuse non-cystic white matter lesions within the periventricular region and surrounding white matter, involving loss of oligodendrocyte progenitors and subsequent axonal hypomyelination as the brain matures have not. Existing therapeutic options for treatment of preterm infants have proved inadequate, partly owing to an incomplete understanding of underlying post-injury cellular and molecular changes that lead to poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. This has reinforced the need to improve our understanding of brain plasticity, explore novel solutions for the development of protective strategies, and identify biomarkers. Compelling evidence exists supporting the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, as important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression with functions including cell fate specification and plasticity of synaptic connections. Importantly, miRNAs are differentially expressed following brain injury, and can be packaged within exosomes/extracellular vesicles, which play a pivotal role in assuring their intercellular communication and passage across the blood-brain barrier. Indeed, an increasing number of investigations have examined the roles of specific miRNAs following injury and regeneration and it is apparent that this field of research could potentially identify protective therapeutic strategies to ameliorate perinatal brain injury. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings of some important miRNAs in relation to the development of the brain, their dysregulation, functions and regulatory roles following brain injury, and discuss how these can be targeted either as biomarkers of injury or neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Hyeon Tae Cho
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cherie Blenkiron
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mhoyra Fraser
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Health and Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally occurring, highly conserved families of transcripts (∼22 nucleotides in length) that are processed from larger hairpin precursors. miRNAs primarily regulate gene expression by promoting messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or repressing mRNA translation. miRNAs have been shown to be important regulators of a variety of cellular processes involving development, differentiation, and signaling. Moreover, various human diseases, including cancer and immune dysfunction, are associated with aberrant expression of miRNAs. This review will focus on how the multifunctional miRNA, miR-155, regulates inflammatory diseases, including cancer and pulmonary disorders, and also how miR-155 expression and biogenesis are regulated. We will also provide examples of miR-155-regulated networks in coordination with other noncoding RNAs, including long noncoding RNAs as well as coding mRNAs acting as competing endogenous RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guruswamy Mahesh
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roopa Biswas
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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Hardeland R. Aging, Melatonin, and the Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051223. [PMID: 30862067 PMCID: PMC6429360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and various age-related diseases are associated with reductions in melatonin secretion, proinflammatory changes in the immune system, a deteriorating circadian system, and reductions in sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) activity. In non-tumor cells, several effects of melatonin are abolished by inhibiting SIRT1, indicating mediation by SIRT1. Melatonin is, in addition to its circadian and antioxidant roles, an immune stimulatory agent. However, it can act as either a pro- or anti-inflammatory regulator in a context-dependent way. Melatonin can stimulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, but also, under different conditions, it can suppress inflammation-promoting processes such as NO release, activation of cyclooxygenase-2, inflammasome NLRP3, gasdermin D, toll-like receptor-4 and mTOR signaling, and cytokine release by SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), and amyloid-β toxicity. It also activates processes in an anti-inflammatory network, in which SIRT1 activation, upregulation of Nrf2 and downregulation of NF-κB, and release of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 are involved. A perhaps crucial action may be the promotion of macrophage or microglia polarization in favor of the anti-inflammatory phenotype M2. In addition, many factors of the pro- and anti-inflammatory networks are subject to regulation by microRNAs that either target mRNAs of the respective factors or upregulate them by targeting mRNAs of their inhibitor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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147
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Zeng Q, Jewell CM. Directing toll-like receptor signaling in macrophages to enhance tumor immunotherapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:138-145. [PMID: 30831487 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A key challenge facing immunotherapy is poor infiltration of T cells into tumors, along with suppression of cells reaching these sites. However, macrophages make up a majority of immune cell infiltrates into tumors, creating natural targets for immunotherapies able to direct macrophages away from tumor-supportive functions and toward anti-tumor phenotypes. Recent studies demonstrate that toll-like receptors (TLRs) - pathways that quickly trigger early immune responses - play an important role in polarizing macrophages. Here, we present emerging ways in which TLR signaling is being manipulated in macrophages to create new opportunities for cancer immunotherapy. In particular, we discuss approaches to deliver TLR agonists, to leverage biomaterials in these therapies, and to couple TLR-based approaches with other frontline treatments as combination cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zeng
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Maryland VA Health Care System, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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148
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NF-κB-responsive miR-155 induces functional impairment of vascular smooth muscle cells by downregulating soluble guanylyl cyclase. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-12. [PMID: 30765689 PMCID: PMC6376011 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0212-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an important role in maintaining vascular function. Inflammation-mediated VSMC dysfunction leads to atherosclerotic intimal hyperplasia and preeclamptic hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. We analyzed the expression levels of microRNA-155 (miR-155) in cultured VSMCs, mouse vessels, and clinical specimens and then assessed its role in VSMC function. Treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) elevated miR-155 biogenesis in cultured VSMCs and vessel segments, which was prevented by NF-κB inhibition. MiR-155 expression was also increased in high-fat diet-fed ApoE−/− mice and in patients with atherosclerosis and preeclampsia. The miR-155 levels were inversely correlated with soluble guanylyl cyclase β1 (sGCβ1) expression and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cGMP production through targeting the sGCβ1 transcript. TNF-α-induced miR-155 caused VSMC phenotypic switching, which was confirmed by the downregulation of VSMC-specific marker genes, suppression of cell proliferation and migration, alterations in cell morphology, and NO-induced vasorelaxation. These events were mitigated by miR-155 inhibition. Moreover, TNF-α did not cause VSMC phenotypic modulation and limit NO-induced vasodilation in aortic vessels of miR-155−/− mice. These findings suggest that NF-κB-induced miR-155 impairs the VSMC contractile phenotype and NO-mediated vasorelaxation by downregulating sGCβ1 expression. These data suggest that NF-κB-responsive miR-155 is a novel negative regulator of VSMC functions by impairing the sGC/cGMP pathway, which is essential for maintaining the VSMC contractile phenotype and vasorelaxation, offering a new therapeutic target for the treatment of atherosclerosis and preeclampsia. The overexpression of a microRNA molecule adversely affects the functioning of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and may contribute to the development of artherosclerosis and preeclampsia. The interactions between VSMCs and the cells lining blood vessels (endothelium) are crucial for maintaining the healthy phenotype and relaxation of blood vessels. Disruption to these interactions via inflammation, for example, can trigger serious vascular diseases. Young-Myeong Kim at Kangwon National University, Chungcheon, South Korea, and co-workers demonstrated that expression levels of a microRNA-155 are elevated in patients with artherosclerosis and preeclampsia, while an enzyme found in VSMCs called soluble guanylyl cyclase is considerably reduced. Using human and mice tissues, the team showed that miR-155 impairs the contractile phenotype and relaxation of VSMCs by reducing guanylyl cyclase expression. Their findings may inform new therapies for vascular diseases.
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149
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Xiao Q, Zhu X, Yang S, Wang J, Yin R, Song J, Ma A, Pan X. LPS induces CXCL16 expression in HUVECs through the miR-146a-mediated TLR4 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 69:143-149. [PMID: 30710793 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial inflammation characterizes the early stages of atherosclerosis. CXCL16 is a protein that functions as both a chemokine and adhesion molecule, playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, it is uncertain if LPS, a major inducer of inflammation, affects CXCL16 expression in endothelial cells and whether miR-146a, a negative regulator of atherosclerosis, participates in this process. The present study showed that exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to LPS induced the overexpression of CXCL16, TLR4 and NF-κB, and this induction was blocked by the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242. In addition, LPS induced the upregulation of miR-146a in HUVECs. Overexpression or inhibition of miR-146a either inhibited or increased the LPS-induced expression CXCL16, TLR4 and NF-κB protein production, respectively. Additionally, miR-146a-induced CXCL16 expression was blocked by TAK-242. Thus, in this study, we demonstrate that LPS stimulates CXCL16 expression via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, and simultaneously, miR-146 negatively regulates LPS-induced CXCL16 expression through a TLR4-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China
| | - Shaonan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China
| | - Ruihua Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China
| | - Jinyang Song
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China
| | - Aijun Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China.
| | - Xudong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of the Qingdao University, Medical School of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266100, China.
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150
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Morris G, Berk M, Maes M, Puri BK. Could Alzheimer's Disease Originate in the Periphery and If So How So? Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:406-434. [PMID: 29705945 PMCID: PMC6372984 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1092-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The classical amyloid cascade model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been challenged by several findings. Here, an alternative molecular neurobiological model is proposed. It is shown that the presence of the APOE ε4 allele, altered miRNA expression and epigenetic dysregulation in the promoter region and exon 1 of TREM2, as well as ANK1 hypermethylation and altered levels of histone post-translational methylation leading to increased transcription of TNFA, could variously explain increased levels of peripheral and central inflammation found in AD. In particular, as a result of increased activity of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2), the presence of the apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) isoform, and changes in ANK1 expression, with subsequent changes in miR-486 leading to altered levels of protein kinase B (Akt), mechanistic (previously mammalian) target of rapamycin (mTOR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), all of which play major roles in microglial activation, proliferation and survival, there is activation of microglia, leading to the subsequent (further) production of cytokines, chemokines, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, reactive oxygen species, inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, and other mediators of inflammation and neurotoxicity. These changes are associated with the development of amyloid and tau pathology, mitochondrial dysfunction (including impaired activity of the electron transport chain, depleted basal mitochondrial potential and oxidative damage to key tricarboxylic acid enzymes), synaptic dysfunction, altered glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity, mTOR activation, impairment of autophagy, compromised ubiquitin-proteasome system, iron dyshomeostasis, changes in APP translation, amyloid plaque formation, tau hyperphosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangle formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, P.O. Box 291, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, P.O. Box 291, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Level 1 North, Main Block, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Kenneth Myer Building, University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, P.O. Box 291, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Basant K Puri
- Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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