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Liu J, Dou M, Liu X, Lu Y, Lu W. A novel m6A/m5C/m1A score signature to evaluate prognosis and its immunotherapy value in colon cancer patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:11995-12012. [PMID: 37421455 PMCID: PMC10465387 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer features strong heterogeneity and invasiveness, with high incidence and mortality rates. Recently, RNA modifications involving m6A, m5C, and m1A play a vital part in tumorigenesis and immune cell infiltration. However, integrated analysis among various RNA modifications in colon cancer has not been performed. METHODS RNA-seq profiling, clinical data and mutation data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. We first explored the mutation status and expression levels of m6A/m5C/m1A regulators in colon cancer. Then, different m6A/m5C/m1A clusters and gene clusters were identified by consensus clustering analysis. We further constructed and validated a scoring system, which could be utilized to accurately assess the risk of individuals and guide personalized immunotherapy. Finally, m6A/m5C/m1A regulators were validated by immunohistochemical staining and RT-qPCR. RESULTS In our study, three m6A/m5C/m1A clusters and gene clusters were identified. Most importantly, we constructed a m6A/m5C/m1A scoring system to assess the clinical risk of the individuals. Besides, the prognostic value of the score was validated with three independent cohorts. Moreover, the level of the immunophenoscore of the low m6A/m5C/m1A score group increased significantly with CTLA-4/PD-1 immunotherapy. Finally, we validated that the mRNA and protein expression of VIRMA and DNMT3B increased in colon cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS We constructed and validated a stable and powerful m6A/m5C/m1A score signature to assess the survival outcomes and immune infiltration characteristics of colon cancer patients, which further guides optimization of personalized treatment, making it valuable for clinical translation and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Dou
- Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Xiuling Liu
- Department of Oncology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueyao Lu
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Oncology, Changzhou Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbin Lu
- Department of Oncology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China.
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Jiangsu University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China.
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Oncology, Changzhou Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Oncology, The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, 213017, Jiangsu, China.
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Shen X, Xu M, Wang H, Wang H, Shen M, Talap J, Hu H, Zeng S, Gao S, Cai S. Site-specific detection of circulating tumor DNA methylation in biological samples utilizing phosphorothioated primer-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115550. [PMID: 37517335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation, a kind of epigenetic alteration, plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and offers a new class of targets for cancer treatment. DNA hypermethylation at the E-Box site (CACGTG, -288 bp) in the SLC22A2 promoter was related to multidrug resistance of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which can provide the target for both treatment and monitoring. Herein, we developed a novel phosphorothioated primer based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (PS-LAMP) assay to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) methylation levels in E-Box sites in tumor tissue, urine, and plasma samples from patients with RCC. Bisulfite treatment converted methylated/unmethylated discrepancy to a single base discrepancy (C/U). PS-LAMP amplified the templates to a tremendous amount. One-step strand displacement (OSD) probe provided single base resolution in amplified products and finally realized the specific site methylation detection. Our proposed method provided a linear range from 0% to 100% for methylation levels and was available in samples at low concentrations (102 copies/μL). Visually observable colorimetric detection can be achieved by incorporating the OSD probe with gold nanoparticles (AuNP). Our assay performed better than traditional methods in biological samples with low ctDNA concentration. Further, we found a potential consistency of methylation levels between tumor tissue and plasma sample from the same patient (Spearman's ρ = 0.886, P = 0.019, n = 6). In general, this work provides a PS-LAMP assay combining OSD probes for site-specific methylation detection in various biological samples, offering a method for noninvasive detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudan Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingcheng Xu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hechen Wang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Minzhe Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jadera Talap
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haihong Hu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shunxiang Gao
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Sheng Cai
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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103
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Kiweler N, Schwarz H, Nguyen A, Matschos S, Mullins C, Piée-Staffa A, Brachetti C, Roos WP, Schneider G, Linnebacher M, Brenner W, Krämer OH. The epigenetic modifier HDAC2 and the checkpoint kinase ATM determine the responses of microsatellite instable colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2401-2419. [PMID: 35608750 PMCID: PMC10547618 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The epigenetic modifier histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC2) is frequently dysregulated in colon cancer cells. Microsatellite instability (MSI), an unfaithful replication of DNA at nucleotide repeats, occurs in about 15% of human colon tumors. MSI promotes a genetic frameshift and consequently a loss of HDAC2 in up to 43% of these tumors. We show that long-term and short-term cultures of colorectal cancers with MSI contain subpopulations of cells lacking HDAC2. These can be isolated as single cell-derived, proliferating populations. Xenografted patient-derived colon cancer tissues with MSI also show variable patterns of HDAC2 expression in mice. HDAC2-positive and HDAC2-negative RKO cells respond similarly to pharmacological inhibitors of the class I HDACs HDAC1/HDAC2/HDAC3. In contrast to this similarity, HDAC2-negative and HDAC2-positive RKO cells undergo differential cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in response to the frequently used chemotherapeutic 5-fluorouracil, which becomes incorporated into and damages RNA and DNA. 5-fluorouracil causes an enrichment of HDAC2-negative RKO cells in vitro and in a subset of primary colorectal tumors in mice. 5-fluorouracil induces the phosphorylation of KAP1, a target of the checkpoint kinase ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), stronger in HDAC2-negative cells than in their HDAC2-positive counterparts. Pharmacological inhibition of ATM sensitizes RKO cells to cytotoxic effects of 5-fluorouracil. These findings demonstrate that HDAC2 and ATM modulate the responses of colorectal cancer cells towards 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kiweler
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Present Address: Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Helena Schwarz
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexandra Nguyen
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephanie Matschos
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina Mullins
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Andrea Piée-Staffa
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christina Brachetti
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wynand P. Roos
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Günter Schneider
- Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Medical Clinic and Polyclinic II, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Linnebacher
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Women’s Health, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver H. Krämer
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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104
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Ebrahimi N, Hakimzadeh A, Bozorgmand F, Speed S, Manavi MS, Khorram R, Farahani K, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Mansouri A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Role of non-coding RNAs as new therapeutic targets in regulating the EMT and apoptosis in metastatic gastric and colorectal cancers. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2302-2323. [PMID: 38009668 PMCID: PMC10730205 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2286804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC), are the two most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and are serious health concerns worldwide. The discovery of more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, and improved patient prognosis is important. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), can regulate cellular processes such as apoptosis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to progression and resistance of GC and CRC tumors. Moreover these pathways (apoptosis and EMT) may serve as therapeutic targets, to prevent metastasis, and to overcome drug resistance. A subgroup of ncRNAs is common to both GC and CRC tumors, suggesting that they might be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight some ncRNAs that can regulate EMT and apoptosis as two opposite mechanisms in cancer progression and metastasis in GC and CRC. A better understanding of the biological role of ncRNAs could open up new avenues for the development of personalized treatment plans for GC and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hakimzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Farima Bozorgmand
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Speed
- Medical Campus, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kobra Farahani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine group, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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105
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Moreta-Moraleda C, Queralt C, Vendrell-Ayats C, Forcales S, Martínez-Balibrea E. Chromatin factors: Ready to roll as biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer? Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106924. [PMID: 37709185 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer globally and stands as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related fatalities in 2020. Survival rates for metastatic disease have slightly improved in recent decades, with clinical trials showing median overall survival of approximately 24-30 months. This progress can be attributed to the integration of chemotherapeutic treatments alongside targeted therapies and immunotherapy. Despite these modest improvements, the primary obstacle to successful treatment for advanced CRC lies in the development of chemoresistance, whether inherent or acquired, which remains the major cause of treatment failure. Epigenetics has emerged as a hallmark of cancer, contributing to master transcription regulation and genome stability maintenance. As a result, epigenetic factors are starting to appear as potential clinical biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment response in CRC.In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the influence of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodelers on responses to chemotherapeutic treatments. While there is accumulating evidence indicating their significant involvement in various types of cancers, the exact relationship between chromatin landscapes and treatment modulation in CRC remains elusive. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the most pertinent and extensively researched epigenetic-associated mechanisms described between 2015 and 2022 and their potential usefulness as predictive biomarkers in the metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moreta-Moraleda
- Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08917 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Group of Inflammation, Immunity and Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute ( IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals 3a Planta, Av. Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Queralt
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Carla Vendrell-Ayats
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CARE Program, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Sonia Forcales
- Serra Húnter Programme, Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n, 08917 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Group of Inflammation, Immunity and Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute ( IDIBELL), Hospital Duran i Reynals 3a Planta, Av. Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Eva Martínez-Balibrea
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Instiute of Oncology, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CARE Program, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain.
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106
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Lu J, Kornmann M, Traub B. Role of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14815. [PMID: 37834263 PMCID: PMC10573312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular reprogramming process that occurs during embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. This process involves epithelial cells acquiring a mesenchymal phenotype. Through EMT, cancer cells acquire properties associated with a more aggressive phenotype. EMT and its opposite, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), have been described in more tumors over the past ten years, including colorectal cancer (CRC). When EMT is activated, the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin is decreased and the expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin is raised. As a result, cells temporarily take on a mesenchymal phenotype, becoming motile and promoting the spread of tumor cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) has become a hot issue in CRC because strong inducers of EMT (such as transforming growth factor β, TGF-β) can initiate EMT and regulate metastasis, microenvironment, and immune system resistance in CRC. In this review, we take into account the significance of EMT-MET in CRC and the impact of the epithelial cells' plasticity on the prognosis of CRC. The analysis of connection between EMT and colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs) will help to further clarify the current meager understandings of EMT. Recent advances affecting important EMT transcription factors and EMT and CCSCs are highlighted. We come to the conclusion that the regulatory network for EMT in CRC is complicated, with a great deal of crosstalk and alternate paths. More thorough research is required to more effectively connect the clinical management of CRC with biomarkers and targeted treatments associated with EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benno Traub
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (J.L.); (M.K.)
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107
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Zhou X, Xiao Q, Jiang F, Sun J, Wang L, Yu L, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Zhang H, Yuan S, Timofeeva M, Spiliopoulou A, Mesa-Eguiagaray I, Farrington SM, Law PJ, Houlston RS, Ding K, Dunlop MG, Theodoratou E, Li X. Dissecting the pathogenic effects of smoking and its hallmarks in blood DNA methylation on colorectal cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1306-1313. [PMID: 37608097 PMCID: PMC10576058 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking is suggested as a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), but the complex relationship and the potential pathway are not fully understood. METHODS We performed two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses with genetic instruments for smoking behaviours and related DNA methylation in blood and summary-level GWAS data of colorectal cancer to disentangle the relationship. Colocalization analyses and prospective gene-environment interaction analyses were also conducted as replication. RESULTS Convincing evidence was identified for the pathogenic effect of smoking initiation on CRC risk and suggestive evidence was observed for the protective effect of smoking cessation in the univariable MR analyses. Multivariable MR analysis revealed that these associations were independent of other smoking phenotypes and alcohol drinking. Genetically predicted methylation at CpG site cg17823346 [ZMIZ1] were identified to decrease CRC risk; while genetically predicted methylation at cg02149899 would increase CRC risk. Colocalization and gene-environment interaction analyses added further evidence to the relationship between epigenetic modification at cg17823346 [ZMIZ1] as well as cg02149899 and CRC risk. DISCUSSION Our study confirms the significant association between tobacco smoking, DNA methylation and CRC risk and yields a novel insight into the pathogenic effect of tobacco smoking on CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Qian Xiao
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Jiang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajing Zhou
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Timofeeva
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Athina Spiliopoulou
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ines Mesa-Eguiagaray
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan M Farrington
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip J Law
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Malcolm G Dunlop
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, and Centre of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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108
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Yuan J, Li G, Zhong F, Liao J, Zeng Z, Ouyang S, Xie H, Deng Z, Tang H, Ou X. SALL1 promotes proliferation and metastasis and activates phosphorylation of p65 and JUN in colorectal cancer cells. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154827. [PMID: 37741137 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most usual malignant tumors, and its incidence continues to rise. Our purpose was to explore the function and potential regulatory mechanisms of SALL1, a differentially methylated gene in CRC, in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Firstly, methylation differential gene SALL1 in CRC was screened and validated. SALL1 overexpression plasmids or SALL1 siRNAs were transfected in HT-29 and SW480 cells. Moreover, 10 μM T-5224 was added in SALL1-overexpressed CRC cells. CCK-8, flow cytometry and transwell assays were utilized to assess cell proliferation, cycle, migration, and invasion, respectively. Then CRC organoids were cultured. Next, HT-29 and SW480 cells transfected with SALL1 overexpression lentivirus were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. Finally, in vivo tumorigenesis was used to analyze the effect of SALL1 overexpression on subcutaneous tumorigenesis in nude mice. RESULTS The methylation level of CpG island in SALL1 promoter was increased in CRC tissues and could distinguish tumor tissues. Overexpression of SALL1 accelerated proliferation, migration and invasion of HT-29 and SW480 cells, and silencing of SALL1 attenuated proliferation, migration and invasion of HT-29 and SW480 cells. Through analysis and validation, we found that overexpression of SALL1 also could upregulate p-p65 and p-JUN expressions. Besides, c-Fos/activator protein (AP)- 1 inhibitor (T-5224) could reverse the induction of CRC progression by SALL1 overexpression. In vivo, we also proved that overexpression of SALL1 significantly increased tumor volume, tumor weight, and p-JUN expression. CONCLUSIONS SALL1 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells and activate phosphorylation of p65 and JUN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, China; Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Guiying Li
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jiannan Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, China; Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Shaoyong Ouyang
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Zhiliang Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hongmei Tang
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510504, China
| | - Xiaowei Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528000, China.
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Shaygannejad A, Sohrabi B, Rad SR, Yousefisadr F, Darvish H, Soosanabadi M. Promoter methylation of matrix metallopeptidase 9 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: A novel biomarker in a promising source for noninvasive colorectal cancer diagnosis. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1797-1802. [PMID: 38376281 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2188_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been described as a "silent disease," which can be readily treated in most patients when discovered in its early stages. Considering the limitations of the current conventional tests for the diagnosis of CRC, researchers strive to find noninvasive and more valid biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. It has been shown that tumor-specific methylation patterns can also be identified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and are reliable sources of methylation analysis for CRC screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a quantitative methylation analysis on matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) promoter using methylation quantification endonuclease-resistant DNA (MethyQESD) method. A total of 70 patients with CRC and 70 normal controls were enrolled in this study for methylation analysis in the PBMCs. RESULTS Our findings discovered a considerable hypermethylation of MMP9 promoter in CRC patients compared with healthy controls (mean: 47.30% and 20.31%, respectively; P > 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the MMP9 gene for the diagnosis of CRC were 88% and 78%, respectively. In addition, on the basis of area under the curve values, the diagnostic power of the MMP9 gene was 0.976 (P < 0.001). Moreover, our analysis established that MMP9 methylation was significantly different between the different stages of CRC (P: 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that MMP9 promoter methylation in PBMCs can be used as an outstanding biomarker for CRC diagnosis. Besides, we confirmed that PBMCs are reliable sources of methylation analysis for CRC screening and MethyQESD is an accurate and fast method for quantitative methylation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shaygannejad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastrointestinal, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behnoush Sohrabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran
- Fetal Health Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Rahimi Rad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Yousefisadr
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Darvish
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Soosanabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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110
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Hu S, Xia K, Huang X, Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Huang D, Xu W, Chen Z, Wang C, Zhang Z. Multifunctional CaCO 3@Cur@QTX125@HA nanoparticles for effectively inhibiting growth of colorectal cancer cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:353. [PMID: 37773145 PMCID: PMC10543835 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in humans, and effective treatments are still needed in clinical practice. Despite significant developments in anticancer drugs and inhibitors, their poor stability, water solubility, and cellular membrane permeability limit their therapeutic efficacy. To address these issues, multifunctional CaCO3 nanoparticles loaded with Curcumin (Cur) and protein deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor QTX125, and coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) (CaCO3@Cur@QTX125@HA), were prepared through a one-step gas diffusion strategy. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that CaCO3@Cur@QTX125@HA nanoparticles have uniform spherical morphology and elemental distribution, with diameters around 450 nm and a Zeta potential of - 8.11 mV. The controlled release of Cur from the nanoparticles was observed over time periods of 48 h. Cellular uptake showed that CaCO3@Cur@QTX125@HA nanoparticles were efficiently taken up by cancer cells and significantly inhibited their growth. Importantly, CaCO3@Cur@QTX125@HA nanoparticles showed specific inhibitory effects on CRC cell growth. Encouragingly, CaCO3@Cur@QTX125@HA nanoparticles successfully internalized into CRC patient-derived organoid (PDO) models and induced apoptosis of tumor cells. The multifunctional CaCO3@Cur@QTX125@HA nanoparticles hold promise for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyun Hu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kunkun Xia
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaobei Huang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dongdong Huang
- Pooling Medical Research Institutes of 100Biotech, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Weiyi Xu
- Department of Dermatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Zhengju Chen
- Pooling Medical Research Institutes of 100Biotech, Beijing, 100006, China.
| | - Chenfei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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111
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Feng H, Li H, Chen M, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Zhang W, Zhang T. Editorial: New insights into molecular mechanisms and targeted therapy for gastrointestinal tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1289530. [PMID: 37842088 PMCID: PMC10569337 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1289530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haosheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - YiMing Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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112
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Cornista AM, Giolito MV, Baker K, Hazime H, Dufait I, Datta J, Khumukcham SS, De Ridder M, Roper J, Abreu MT, Breckpot K, Van der Jeught K. Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy: State of the Art and Future Directions. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2023; 2:1103-1119. [PMID: 38098742 PMCID: PMC10721132 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has become an indispensable mode of treatment for a multitude of solid tumor cancers. Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been one of the many cancer types to benefit from immunotherapy, especially in advanced disease where standard treatment fails to prevent recurrence or results in poor survival. The efficacy of immunotherapy in CRC has not been without challenge, as early clinical trials observed dismal responses in unselected CRC patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors. Many studies and clinical trials have since refined immunotherapies available for CRC, solidifying immunotherapy as a powerful asset for CRC treatment. This review article examines CRC immunotherapies, from their foundation, through emerging avenues for improvement, to future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Mauri Cornista
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Maria Virginia Giolito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kristi Baker
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Hajar Hazime
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jashodeep Datta
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Saratchandra Singh Khumukcham
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jatin Roper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Karine Breckpot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin Van der Jeught
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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Martinez-Marin D, Helmer RA, Kaur G, Washburn RL, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Sennone SR, Dufour JM, Chilton BS. Helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF)-deleted CDX/TME model of colorectal cancer increased transcription of oxidative phosphorylation genes and diverted glycolysis to boost S-glutathionylation in lymphatic intravascular metastatic niches. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291023. [PMID: 37682902 PMCID: PMC10490896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF) also known as SMARCA3, protects genome integrity. A tumor suppressor, HLTF is expressed in tumor cells but not in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC). With disease progression, there is high concordance between epigenetic silencing of HLTF in CRC cells and negligible HLTF expression in the TME. We developed a cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) model and show for the first time that HLTF-deletion in cancer cells and the TME results in metabolic reprogramming that mitigates oxidative stress in lymphatic intravascular metastatic niches. The two metabolic pathways that derive energy from glucose-glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-are variously utilized by cancer cells depending upon the TME. HIF-1α, a master regulator of glycolysis, was eliminated from a role in reprogramming metabolism to satisfy CDX energetic requirements by RNAseq and spatial transcriptomics. Variability in the gut microbiome, with a putative role in altered metabolism, was also eliminated. HLTF-deleted cancer cells recovered from DNA damage at a transcriptomic level induction of DNA repair and OXPHOS genes linked to an amoeboid-associated phenotype at the tumor border (confocal microscopy). HLTF-deleted cancer and endothelial cells of lymphatic (PDPN) intravascular niches in the TME shared a site-specific protein S-glutathionylation signature (2D DIGE, MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry) for three glycolytic enzymes (PGK1 Cys379/380, PGAM1 Cys55, ENOA1 Cys119) that diverted glycolysis in support of continued glutathione biosynthesis. The collective absence of HLTF/Hltf from tumor and TME achieved redox homeostasis throughout the CDX and promoted metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Martinez-Marin
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University-Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rebecca A. Helmer
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Current address: Garrison Independent School District, Garrison, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gurvinder Kaur
- Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rachel L. Washburn
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Raul Martinez-Zaguilan
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Souad R. Sennone
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jannette M. Dufour
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research, Texas Tech University School of Veterinary Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Beverly S. Chilton
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- Texas Center for Comparative Cancer Research, Texas Tech University School of Veterinary Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
- School of Medicine Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
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114
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Luo D, Chen M, Li Q, Wang K, Wang K, Li J, Fu G, Shan Z, Liu Q, Yang Y, Liang L, Ma Y, Qin Y, Qin J, Gao D, Li X. CUL4B-DDB1-COP1-mediated UTX downregulation promotes colorectal cancer progression. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:77. [PMID: 37679762 PMCID: PMC10483726 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND UTX (encoded by KDM6A), a histone demethylase for H3K27me2/3, is frequently mutated in human cancers. However, its functional and regulatory mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. METHODS Immunohistochemistry staining was used to investigate the clinical relevance of UTX in CRC. Additionally, we generated a spontaneous mouse CRC model with conditional Utx knockout to explore the role of UTX in the colorectal tumorigenesis. Post-translational regulation of UTX was determined by co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analyses. RESULTS Herein, we identify that downregulation of UTX, mediated by the Cullin 4B-DNA Damage Binding Protein-1-Constitutive Photomorphogenesis Protein 1 (CUL4B-DDB1-COP1) complex, promotes CRC progression. Utx deletion in intestinal epithelial cells enhanced the susceptibility to tumorigenesis in AOM/DSS-induced spontaneous mouse CRC model. However, this effect is primarily alleviated by GSK126, an inhibitor of histone methyltransferase EZH2. Mechanistically, EMP1 and AUTS2 are identified as putative UTX target genes mediating UTX functions in limiting intestinal tumorigenesis. Notably, the CUL4B-DDB1-COP1 complex is identified as the functional E3 ligase responsible for targeting UTX for degradation in CRC cells. Thus, Cop1 deficiency in mouse intestinal tissue results in UTX accumulation and restricts tumorigenesis. Furthermore, patient cohort analysis reveals that UTX expression is negatively correlated with clinical stage, favorable disease outcomes, and COP1 expression. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, the tumor suppressor function and regulation of UTX in CRC provide a molecular basis and the rationale to target EZH2 in UTX-deficient CRC.
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Grants
- 82103259, 81972260, 81925029, 82230098, 32221002, 81790253 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82103259, 81972260, 81925029, 82230098, 32221002, 81790253 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82103259, 81972260, 81925029, 82230098, 32221002, 81790253 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2020YFA0803203 and 2019YFA0802102 National Key Research and Development Program of China
- YSBR-014 CAS project for young scientists in basic research
- JCTD-2018-14 CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team
- CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team and the Shanghai Municipal
Science and Technology Major Project
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakui Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qingguo Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kangjunjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Kaihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junqiang Li
- D1 Medical Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Guoxiang Fu
- D1 Medical Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201802, China
| | - Zezhi Shan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Daming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Xinxiang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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115
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Zhang Y, Zeng L, Wang M, Yang Z, Zhang H, Gao L, Zhang R, Liu J, Shan W, Chang Y, Liu L, Zhao Q, Li Y, Liu J. RIG-I promotes immune evasion of colon cancer by modulating PD-L1 ubiquitination. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007313. [PMID: 37758653 PMCID: PMC10537859 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers and exhibits high mortality worldwide. Despite the certain success in the immunotherapy of many tumor types, the limited response of colon cancer to immunotherapy remains a difficult problem. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is a crucial component in innate antiviral immunity, but its role in antitumor immunity remains unclear. Here, in this report, we found that silencing RIG-I decreased resistance to tumor cells killed by T cells and attenuated colon tumor growth in immunocompetent mice. Meanwhile, overexpressing RIG-I promoted tumor progression, and high expression of RIG-I sensitized cells to anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy in vivo. Interestingly, we found that RIG-I influenced programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression to promote colon cancer immune evasion without relying on type I interferon stimulation. Mechanistically, RIG-I could compete with Speckle Type POZ protein (SPOP) to bind PD-L1, leading to attenuation of the polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PD-L1. Collectively, our work reveals new insights into the contribution of RIG-I to driving immune evasion by maintaining the stability of PD-L1 through post-translational modification and provides a promising biomarker of the efficacy of immunotherapy in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lingxiu Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liping Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jialong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenqing Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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116
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Shi YJ, Dong YH, Mei ZB, Wang H. Value of ctDNA methylation biomarkers in diagnosis of colorectal tumors. Epigenomics 2023; 15:891-893. [PMID: 37846515 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tweetable abstract DNA methylation alterations have been identified as promising biological markers for early-stage colorectal cancer detection. Here, the authors highlight some recent advances in DNA methylation and its role in the early diagnosis and overall disease course management of colorectal tumors. New insights into DNA methylation biomarkers for colorectal cancer early diagnosis and management are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jie Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan-Hang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zu-Bing Mei
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Anorectal Disease Institute of Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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117
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Wang JG, Jin XF, Huang YM, Xu ZF, Huang SJ, Zhu Y, Ai L, Hang T. TCF21 rs2327429 and TCF21 rs12190287 are associated with colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. Biomark Med 2023; 17:693-699. [PMID: 38197316 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2022-0750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims: TCF21 is considered a tumor suppressor gene. This work was designed to explore the associations between TCF21 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility. Methods: A case-control study was designed with 421 patients with CRC and 469 non-CRC controls. Six tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2327429 T>C, rs2327430 T>C, rs2327433 A>G, rs12190287 C>G, rs7766238 G>A and rs4896011 T>A) were genotyped by ligase detection reaction of PCR. Results: TCF21 rs2327429 and rs12190287 polymorphisms were associated with CRC susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Conclusion: rs2327429 and rs12190287 polymorphisms may be predictive of CRC susceptibility in Chinese Han populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Wang
- Jiaxing Women & Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Xia-Fang Jin
- Jiaxing Women & Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Yi-Min Huang
- Jiaxing Women & Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Zheng-Fen Xu
- Jiaxing Women & Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Shou-Ju Huang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- Joint Training Base of Jiaxing College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Ling Ai
- Jiaxing Women & Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Tian Hang
- Jiaxing Women & Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
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Maqbool M, Khan A, Shahzad A, Sarfraz Z, Sarfraz A, Aftab H, Jaan A. Predictive biomarkers for colorectal cancer: a state-of-the-art systematic review. Biomarkers 2023; 28:562-598. [PMID: 37585692 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2247185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a substantial health burden, with early detection paramount for improved prognosis. This study aims to evaluate potential CRC biomarkers and detection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review, reported in adherence to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines, collates the latest research on potential biomarkers and detection/prognosis methods for CRC, spanning the last decade. RESULTS Out of the 38 included studies, diverse biomarkers and detection methods emerged, with DNA methylation markers like SFRP2 and SDC2, microRNAs including miR-1290, miR-506, and miR-4316, and serum and plasma markers such as NTS levels and U2 snRNA fragments standing out. Methylated cfDNA and m5C methylation alteration in immune cells of the blood, along with circular RNA, showed promise as diagnostic markers. Meanwhile, techniques involving extracellular vesicles and lateral flow immunoassays exhibited potential for swift and effective CRC screening. DISCUSSION Our state-of-the-art review identifies potential biomarkers, including SFRP2, SDC2, miR-1290, miR-506, miR-4316, and U2 snRNA fragments, with significant potential in enhancing CRC detection. However, comprehensive validation studies and a rigorous evaluation of clinical utility and cost-effectiveness remain necessary before integration into routine clinical practice. CONCLUSION The findings emphasize the need for continued research into biomarkers and detection methods to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeez Maqbool
- Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Aden Khan
- Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Hinna Aftab
- CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Jaan
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
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Li B, Liu S, Gao Y, Zheng L, Lu Y. Combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation in stool DNA for colorectal cancer screening. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10241-10253. [PMID: 37270460 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of global concern, and its increasing incidence suggests the need for early and accurate diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of combined detection of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C gene methylation in stool samples for early CRC screening. METHODS Stool samples from patients with CRC (n = 105), advanced adenoma (AA) (n = 54), non-advanced adenoma (NA) (n = 57), hyperplastic or other polyps (HOP) (n = 47) or no evidence of disease (NED) (n = 100) were collected from September 2021 to September 2022. The methylation levels of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C were quantified by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (qMSP), and faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) was performed. The diagnostic value was assessed using reporter operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The sensitivity of combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation in predicting CRC (0-IV) was 84.8%, the specificity was 98.0%, and the AUC was 0.930 (95% CI 0.889-0.970). Compared to FIT and serum tumour biomarkers, it showed better diagnostic performance for different stages of CRC. CONCLUSION The results of this study verified that the methylation levels of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C in stool DNA were significantly increased in CRC patients. Combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation is a potential non-invasive diagnostic method for CRC and precancerous lesion screening. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR2100046662, registered on 26 May 2021, prospective registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Longbo Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Ottaiano A, Ianniello M, Santorsola M, Ruggiero R, Sirica R, Sabbatino F, Perri F, Cascella M, Di Marzo M, Berretta M, Caraglia M, Nasti G, Savarese G. From Chaos to Opportunity: Decoding Cancer Heterogeneity for Enhanced Treatment Strategies. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1183. [PMID: 37759584 PMCID: PMC10525472 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer manifests as a multifaceted disease, characterized by aberrant cellular proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion. Tumors exhibit variances across diverse dimensions, encompassing genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptional realms. This heterogeneity poses significant challenges in prognosis and treatment, affording tumors advantages through an increased propensity to accumulate mutations linked to immune system evasion and drug resistance. In this review, we offer insights into tumor heterogeneity as a crucial characteristic of cancer, exploring the difficulties associated with measuring and quantifying such heterogeneity from clinical and biological perspectives. By emphasizing the critical nature of understanding tumor heterogeneity, this work contributes to raising awareness about the importance of developing effective cancer therapies that target this distinct and elusive trait of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ottaiano
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (M.D.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Monica Ianniello
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (R.R.); (R.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Mariachiara Santorsola
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (M.D.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Raffaella Ruggiero
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (R.R.); (R.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Roberto Sirica
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (R.R.); (R.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Francesco Perri
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (M.D.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Marco Cascella
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (M.D.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Di Marzo
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (M.D.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS “G. Pascale”, Via M. Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (M.D.M.); (G.N.)
| | - Giovanni Savarese
- AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, 80013 Casalnuovo Di Napoli, Italy; (M.I.); (R.R.); (R.S.); (G.S.)
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Yan XX, Guo N, Ru SW, Wang ZY, Sui HJ, Xu YS, Yao ZD. The deficiency of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and its ramification in the occurrence and prognosis of colon cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34860. [PMID: 37653838 PMCID: PMC10470721 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of colon cancer are increasing, and effective biomarkers for its diagnosis are limited. 5-methylcytosine (5mC), a vital DNA methylation marker, plays important roles in gene expression, genomic imprinting, and transposon inhibition. This study aimed to identify the predictors of colon cancer prognosis and lay the foundation for research on therapeutic targets by detecting the levels of 5mC, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formyl cytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) in colon cancer and adjacent non-tumor tissues. A tissue microarray including 100 colon cancer tissue samples and 60 adjacent non-tumor tissue samples was used. The expression levels of 5mC and its ramifications were assessed by immunohistochemistry. According to the expression levels, patients were divided into moderately positive and strongly positive groups, and the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and methylation marks was assessed using 2-sided chi-square tests. The prognostic values of 5mC, 5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC were tested using Kaplan-Meier analyses. Compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues, the overall levels of DNA methylation were lower in colon carcinoma lesions. However, the clinical parameters were not significantly associated with these methylation markers, except for 5hmC, which was associated with the age of cancer patients (P value = .043). Kaplan-Meier analysis disclosed that moderate positive group had a significantly shorter disease specific survival than strong positive group for patients with different levels of 5mC (65.2 vs 95.2 months, P = .014) and 5hmC (71.2 vs 97.5 months, P = .045). 5mC and its ramifications (5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC) can serve as biomarkers for colon cancer. 5mC and 5hmC are stable predictors and therapeutic targets in colon cancer. However, further understanding of its function will help to reveal the complex tumorigenic process and identify new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Yan
- Department of Geriatric, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Geriatric, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Song-Wei Ru
- Department of Geriatric, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Juan Sui
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Shi Xu
- Outpatient Department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Dan Yao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P. R. China
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Bayramov B, Bayramov N, Aslanov H, Karimova N, Gasimov K, Shahmuradov I, Reißfelder C, Yagublu V. Association of miR-149 T>C and miR-196a2 C>T Polymorphisms with Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility: A Case-Control Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2341. [PMID: 37760783 PMCID: PMC10525737 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The principal aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between miR-149 T>C (rs2292832) and miR-196a2 C>T (rs11614913) small non-coding RNA polymorphisms and the risk of developing CRC in the Azerbaijani population. The study included 120 patients diagnosed with CRC and 125 healthy individuals. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all the subjects in EDTA tubes and DNA extraction was performed by salting out. Polymorphisms were determined using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. While comparing without gender distinction no statistical correlation was found between the heterozygous TC (OR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.37-1.15; p = 0.142), mutant CC (OR = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.62-2.45; p = 0.550), and mutant C (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.72-1.49; p = 0.859) alleles of the miR-149 gene and the CT (OR = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.69-2.20; p = 0.485), mutant TT (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 0.67-2.47; p = 0.452), and mutant T (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 0.82-1.67; p = 0.388) alleles of the miR-196a2 gene and the risk of CRC. However, among women, miR-149 TC (OR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.19-1.01; p = 0.048) correlated with a reduced risk of CRC, whereas miR-196a2 CT (OR = 2.77; 95% CI = 1.13-6.79; p = 0.025) correlated with an increased risk of CRC. Our findings indicated that miR-149 T>C (rs2292832) might play a protective role in the development of CRC in female patients, whereas the miR-196a2 (rs11614913) polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of CRC in women in the Azerbaijani population, highlighting the importance of gender dimorphism in cancer etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayram Bayramov
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Genetic Resources Institute of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1106, Azerbaijan; (B.B.); (N.K.)
| | - Nuru Bayramov
- Department of Surgery, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku AZ1022, Azerbaijan;
| | - Hazi Aslanov
- Department of Surgery, Scientific Center of Surgery, Baku AZ1122, Azerbaijan;
| | - Nigar Karimova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Genetic Resources Institute of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1106, Azerbaijan; (B.B.); (N.K.)
| | - Karim Gasimov
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Biophysics of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1141, Azerbaijan;
| | - Ilham Shahmuradov
- Bioinformatics Lab, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1141, Azerbaijan;
- Integrative Biology Lab, Institute of Biophysics of Ministry of Science and Education, Baku AZ1141, Azerbaijan
| | - Christoph Reißfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Vugar Yagublu
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
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Afrăsânie VA, Marinca MV, Gafton B, Alexa-Stratulat T, Rusu A, Froicu EM, Sur D, Lungulescu CV, Popovici L, Lefter AV, Afrăsânie I, Ivanov AV, Miron L, Rusu C. Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Insights on KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA and TP53 Mutations in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients from Northeastern Romania. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12679. [PMID: 37628868 PMCID: PMC10454287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in RAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and TP53 are well-established genetic abnormalities in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, limited information is available for patients from Eastern Europe, including Romania. In this retrospective analysis, we investigated 104 mCRC patients from the Northeastern region of Romania to determine the frequency, distribution, coexistence, and clinicopathological and molecular correlations of these mutations. TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene (73.1%), followed by KRAS (45.2%) and PIK3CA (6.7%). Patients with KRAS mutant tumors and wild-type TP53 genotype were found to have no personal history of gastrointestinal cancer (p = 0.02, p = 0.007). KRAS mutations in exon 3 were associated with the female gender (p = 0.02) and the absence of lymph node invasion (p = 0.02). PIK3CA mutations were linked to the absence of lymph node invasion (p = 0.006). TP53 mutations were associated with KRAS mutations in exon 2 (p = 0.006), ulcerated histopathologic type (p = 0.04), and G2 differentiation (p = 0.01). It provides novel insights into genetic variations specific to the population from Northeastern Romania, which has been underrepresented in previous studies within Eastern Europe. Furthermore, our findings enable the development of genetic profiles in a developing country with limited access to specialized genetic tests and facilitate comparisons with other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad-Adrian Afrăsânie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai-Vasile Marinca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Gafton
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Teodora Alexa-Stratulat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Rusu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Eliza-Maria Froicu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Sur
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- 11th Department of Medical Oncology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Larisa Popovici
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Andrei-Vlad Lefter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Irina Afrăsânie
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency Clinical Hospital “Sf. Spiridon”, 700111 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Anca-Viorica Ivanov
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Lucian Miron
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania (A.R.); (A.-V.L.); (L.M.)
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Rusu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Omar A, Govan D, Penny C. Epigenetic regulation in colorectal cancer: The susceptibility of microRNAs 145, 143 and 133b to DNA demethylation and histone deacetylase inhibitors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289800. [PMID: 37561735 PMCID: PMC10414600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health concern. Despite improvements in CRC treatment, mortality rates remain high. Genetic instability and epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression are instigators of CRC development that result in genotypic differences, leading to often variable and unpredictable treatment responses. Three miRNAs, miR-143, -145 and -133b, are most commonly downregulated in CRC and are proposed here as potential tumour suppressors. Although the downregulation of these miRNAs in CRC is largely unexplained, epigenetic silencing has been postulated to be a causative regulatory mechanism. Potential epigenetic modulation of miRNA expression, by means of histone acetylation and DNA methylation, was assessed in this study by treating early (SW1116) and late stage (DLD1) CRC cells with the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-2'C) and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA), respectively. Subsequent quantification of miRNA expression revealed that while all the selected miRNAs were susceptible to DNA demethylation in early- and late-stage CRC cells, susceptibility to DNA demethylation was significantly pronounced in late-stage DLD1 cells. Conversely, although histone acetylation moderately affected miRNA expression in early-stage CRC, it had a marginal effect on the expression of miRNAs in late-stage CRC cells. Overall, this study provides further understanding of the contribution of epigenetics to the regulation of putative tumour suppressor miRNAs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadilah Omar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (RSA)
| | - Drishna Govan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (RSA)
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa (RSA)
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Tsai FL, Huang HL, Lai MJ, Liou JP, Pan SL, Yang CR. Anticancer Study of a Novel Pan-HDAC Inhibitor MPT0G236 in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12588. [PMID: 37628767 PMCID: PMC10454243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause of cancer worldwide. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), which regulate cell proliferation and survival, are associated with the development and progression of cancer. Moreover, HDAC inhibitors are promising therapeutic targets, with five HDAC inhibitors approved for cancer treatment to date. However, their safety profile necessitates the exploration of well-tolerated HDAC inhibitors that can be used in cancer therapeutic strategies. In this study, the pan-HDAC inhibitor MPT0G236 reduced the viability and inhibited the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells, and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed reduced sensitivity. These findings indicated that MPT0G236 specifically targeted malignant tumor cells. Notably, MPT0G236 significantly inhibited the activities of HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3, Class I HDACs, as well as HDAC6, a Class IIb HDAC, at low nanomolar concentrations. Additionally, it promoted the accumulation of acetyl-α-tubulin and acetyl-histone H3 in HCT-116 and HT-29 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, MPT0G236 treatment induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in CRC cells by initially regulating the levels of cell-cycle-related proteins, such as p-MPM2; specifically reducing p-cdc2 (Y15), cyclin B1, and cdc25C levels; and subsequently inducing apoptosis through the caspase-dependent pathways and PARP activation. Our findings demonstrate that MPT0G236 exhibits significant anticancer activity in human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lung Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Han-Li Huang
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jung Lai
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- TMU Research Center for Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-L.H.); (M.-J.L.); (J.-P.L.); (S.-L.P.)
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ron Yang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
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Gutierrez-Angulo M, Ayala-Madrigal MDLL, Moreno-Ortiz JM, Peregrina-Sandoval J, Garcia-Ayala FD. Microbiota composition and its impact on DNA methylation in colorectal cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1037406. [PMID: 37614819 PMCID: PMC10442805 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1037406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a complex disease resulting from the interaction of genetics, epigenetics, and environmental factors. DNA methylation is frequently found in tumor suppressor genes to promote cancer development. Several factors are associated with changes in the DNA methylation pattern, and recently, the gastrointestinal microbiota could be associated with this epigenetic change. The predominant phyla in gut microbiota are Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes; however, an enrichment of Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus bovis, among others, has been reported in colorectal cancer, although the composition could be influenced by several factors, including diet, age, sex, and cancer stage. Fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative anaerobic bacillus, is mainly associated with colorectal cancer patients positive for the CpG island methylator phenotype, although hypermethylation in genes such as MLH1, CDKN2A, MTSS1, RBM38, PKD1, PTPRT, and EYA4 has also been described. Moreover, Hungatella hathewayi, a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, is related to hypermethylation in SOX11, THBD, SFRP2, GATA5, ESR1, EYA4, CDX2, and APC genes. The underlying epigenetic mechanism is unclear, although it could be implicated in the regulation of DNA methyltransferases, enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a methyl group on cytosine of CpG sites. Since DNA methylation is a reversible event, changes in gut microbiota could modulate the gene expression through DNA methylation and improve the colorectal cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melva Gutierrez-Angulo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Maria de la Luz Ayala-Madrigal
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jose Miguel Moreno-Ortiz
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jorge Peregrina-Sandoval
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Fernando Daniel Garcia-Ayala
- Doctorado en Genética Humana e Instituto de Genética Humana “Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera”, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Patra R, Dey AK, Mukherjee S. Identification of genes critical for inducing ulcerative colitis and exploring their tumorigenic potential in human colorectal carcinoma. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289064. [PMID: 37535606 PMCID: PMC10399749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease leading to continuous mucosal inflammation in the rectum extending proximally towards the colon. Chronic and/or recurrent UC is one of the critical predisposing mediators of the oncogenesis of human colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Perturbations of the differential expression of the UC-critical genes exert an intense impact on the neoplastic transformation of the affected tissue(s). Herein, a comprehensive exploration of the UC-critical genes from the transcriptomic profiles of UC patients was conducted to study the differential expression, functional enrichment, genomic alterations, signal transduction pathways, and immune infiltration level encountered by these genes concerning the oncogenesis of CRC. The study reveals that WFDC2, TTLL12, THRA, and EPHB3 play crucial roles as UC-CRC critical genes and are positively correlated with the molecular transformation of UC to CRC. Taken together, these genes can be used as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for combating UC-induced human CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Patra
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
| | - Amit Kumar Dey
- Biomedical Research Centre, Translational Geroproteomics Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Suprabhat Mukherjee
- Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India
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Lima AB, dos Reis MB, Matsushita M, dos Reis MT, de Oliveira MA, Reis RM, Guimarães DP. Combined SEPT9 and BMP3 methylation in plasma for colorectal cancer early detection and screening in a Brazilian population. Cancer Med 2023; 12:15854-15867. [PMID: 37338022 PMCID: PMC10469661 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening can help to reduce its incidence and mortality. Noninvasive strategies, such as plasma analysis of epigenetic alterations, can constitute important biomarkers of CRC detection. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the plasma methylation status of SEPT9 and BMP3 promoters as biomarkers for detection of CRC and its precursor lesions in a Brazilian population. METHODS Plasma samples from 262 participants of the CRC screening program of Barretos Cancer Hospital who had a positive fecal occult blood test and underwent colonoscopy and cancer patients were analyzed. Participants were grouped according to the worst lesion detected in the colonoscopy. Cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) was bisulfite treated followed by the analysis of SEPT9 and BMP3 methylation status using a droplet digital PCR system (ddPCR). The best methylation cutoff value for group discrimination was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Among the 262 participants, 38 were diagnosed with CRC, 46 with advanced adenomas 119 with nonadvanced adenomas, three with sessile serrated lesions, and 13 with hyperplastic polyps. In 43 participants, no lesion was detected in the colonoscopy and were used as controls. The CRC group showed the highest cfDNA concentration (10.4 ng/mL). For the SEPT9 gene, a cutoff of 2.5% (AUC = 0.681) that discriminates between CRC and the control group resulted in CRC sensitivity and specificity of 50% and 90%, respectively. Concerning the BMP3 gene, a cutoff of 2.3% (AUC = 0.576) showed 40% and 90% of sensitivity and specificity for CRC detection, respectively. Combining SEPT9, BMP3 status, and age over 60 years resulted in a better performance for detecting CRC (AUC = 0.845) than the individual gene models, yielding 80% and 81% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that a combination of SEPT9 and BMP3 plasma methylation, along with age over 60 years, showed the highest performance in detecting CRC in a Brazilian population. These noninvasive biomarkers can potentially serve as useful tools for CRC screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research CenterBarretos Cancer HospitalBarretosBrazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical SchoolUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal
- ICVS/3B's‐PT Government Associate LaboratoryBragaPortugal
| | - Denise Peixoto Guimarães
- Molecular Oncology Research CenterBarretos Cancer HospitalBarretosBrazil
- Department of EndoscopyBarretos Cancer HospitalBarretosBrazil
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Zhu Z, Guo T, Weng J, Li S, Zhu C, Zhao Q, Xu Y. Cuproptosis-related miRNAs signature and immune infiltration characteristics in colorectal cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16661-16678. [PMID: 37334893 PMCID: PMC10469834 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel form of cell death termed cuproptosis was proposed recently. miRNAs play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, their relationships have not been reported. METHODS miRNAs that negatively regulate 16 cuproptosis regulators were predicted using Targetscan database. The univariate Cox, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to select cuproptosis-related miRNAs. GSEA and ssGSEA analysis was carried out for functional enrichment analysis. The immune cell proportion score (IPS) and the efficiencies of multiple chemotherapy drugs were compared between different risk groups. The CCK8, cell colony, edu, and flow cytometry assays were performed to validate the roles of miRNA. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the regulatory mechanism of miRNA on cuproptosis. RESULTS Six cuproptosis-related miRNAs (hsa-miR-653, hsa-miR-216a, hsa-miR-3684, hsa-miR-4437, hsa-miR-641, and hsa-miR-552) were screened out for model construction. The risk score could act as an independent prognostic indicator in CRC (p < 0.001, 95% HR = 1.243 (1.129-1.369)). The nomogram could efficiently predict the overall survival rate (AUC = 0.836). Then, the level of immunosuppressive pathways, immunosuppressive cells, stromal-activated genes, and stromal score was higher in the high-risk group. The IPS analysis showed a better response to immunotherapy in the low-risk group. Also, the risk score was closely correlated with efficiencies of multiple chemotherapy drugs. Furthermore, miR-653 was highly expressed in CRC tissues (p < 0.001), closely correlated with T stage (p < 0.001), metastasis (p < 0.001), and tumor stage (p < 0.001). High expression of miR-653 predicted a shorter overall survival (p = 0.0282) and disease-free survival (p = 0.0056). In addition, miR-653 promoted cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and negatively regulated the expression of DLD through directly binding to the 3'-UTR of DLD mRNA. CONCLUSION We constructed a cuproptosis-related miRNA signature for the prediction of CRC patient survival and immunotherapy sensitivity. miR-653 was highly expressed in CRC tissues, promoted cell proliferation, and inhibited apoptosis by negatively regulating the expression of DLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Zhu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPR China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPR China
| | - Tianan Guo
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPR China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPR China
| | - Junyong Weng
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPR China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPR China
| | - Shanbao Li
- Department of General SurgeryShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPR China
| | - Congcong Zhu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPR China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPR China
| | - Qiuyan Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPR China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic DiseasesShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiPR China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiPR China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghaiPR China
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Mao Y, Wang X, Xi L, Dong M, Song P, Miao J, Lu C, Sun S, Li Q, Yu C, Shen X. Prediction values of tertiary lymphoid structures in the prognosis of patients with left- and right-sided colon cancer: a multicenter propensity score-matched study. Int J Surg 2023; 109:2344-2358. [PMID: 37247038 PMCID: PMC10442147 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are the lymphocyte aggregates that play a key role in the vast majority of solid tumors including colon cancer, displaying an antitumor effect under most circumstances. The heterogeneity between left- and right-sided colon cancer (LCC and RCC) encompasses various aspects, such as clinical manifestations, pathological features, and immune responses. However, the function and prognostic significance of TLS within LCC and RCC have yet to be fully understood. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 2612 patients who underwent radical resection for LCC or RCC without distant metastasis in multiple medical centers. Utilizing propensity score matching, 121 patients with LCC and 121 patients with RCC were selected for the training set. An external validation set including 64 patients with LCC and 64 patients with RCC were also employed. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess TLS and the proportion of various immune cells. Clinical characteristics and prognostic values of TLS in patients with LCC and RCC were analyzed. Nomograms were constructed for LCC and RCC to predict 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS), respectively. RESULTS For LCC and RCC patients, TLS was located in the interstitial region or outside the tumor tissue and mainly consisted of B cells and T cells. The TLS quantity and density in RCC were higher than those of LCC. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, TLS density ( P =0.014), vascular invasion ( P =0.019), and AJCC stage ( P =0.026) were independent prognostic factors for 5-year OS of RCC. For LCC patients, AJCC stage ( P =0.024), tumor differentiation ( P =0.001), and tumor budding ( P =0.040) emerged as independent prognostic factors for 5-year OS. Similar results were obtained in the external verification set. Separate nomograms for RCC and LCC were developed, displaying improved prediction performance compared to the AJCC 8th edition TNM staging system. CONCLUSIONS Differences in TLS quantity and density were observed between LCC and RCC, suggesting that a nomogram based on TLS density could more effectively predict survival for RCC patients. Furthermore, a nomogram based on tumor budding was recommended for better prediction of LCC patient survival. Taken together, these results suggested that the immune and clinical characteristics of colon cancer at left and right side were substantially different, which may lead to the use of different prediction model and the development of individual treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuan Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of General Surgery
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xingzhou Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of General Surgery
| | - Ling Xi
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Meng Dong
- Department of General Surgery
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
| | - Peng Song
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of General Surgery
| | - Ji Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of General Surgery
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sizheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of General Surgery
| | - Chunzhao Yu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University
- Department of General Surgery
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Liao C, Gu Z, Huang W, Gong Y, Liao X, Lin M, Zhang S. Genome-wide RNA-sequencing dataset reveals AC096751.1 sever as a novel prognostic long non-coding RNA and its potential molecular mechanisms in patients with colon adenocarcinoma. J Cancer 2023; 14:2386-2398. [PMID: 37576398 PMCID: PMC10414039 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Through data analysis, we observed that AC096751.1 is markedly imbalance between colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cancer and paracancerous tissues. However, the prognostic value and potential molecular mechanism of AC096751.1 in COAD are still unclear. Methods: Whole genome RNA-sequencing datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) COAD cohort were collected into current study, comprehensive survival analysis and bioinformatics function enrichment analysis approaches were apply to explore the clinical outcome and molecular mechanisms of AC096751.1 in COAD. Results: In current study, we found that AC096751.1 is markedly down-regulated in COAD cancer tissues (log2 fold change =2.303, P<0.0001, false discovery rate <0.0001), and can be serve as a biomarker to distinguish COAD cancer and paracancerous tissues [area under curve=0.9518, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.9261-0.9776]. Survival analysis suggests that low expression of AC096751.1 is connected with poor clinical outcome of COAD, and can serve as a novel prognostic indicator (log-rank P=0.016, adjusted P=0.005, hazard ratio=0.548, 95% CI=0.360-0.836). Bioinformatics function enrichment analysis suggests that the molecular mechanism of AC096751.1 in COAD may include participation in cell adhesion, cell proliferation, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK), MAPK, janus-activated kinase-singal transducers and activators of transcriprion cascade, Erk1 and Erk 2 cascade, and nuclear factor-kappa B pathway. Tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration analysis indicates that COAD patients with different AC096751.1 expression have significant variation in tumor immune background. Conclusion: The present study found that AC096751.1 is significantly differentially expressed in COAD and can be serve as a novel prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Liao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Gu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhen Gong
- Department of Clinical Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Minglin Lin
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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Ladel L, Tan WY, Jeyakanthan T, Sailo B, Sharma A, Ahuja N. The Promise of Epigenetics Research in the Treatment of Appendiceal Neoplasms. Cells 2023; 12:1962. [PMID: 37566041 PMCID: PMC10417136 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Appendiceal cancers (AC) are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignancies. Historically, appendiceal neoplasms have been grouped with colorectal cancers (CRC), and treatment strategies have been modeled after CRC management guidelines due to their structural similarities and anatomical proximity. However, the two have marked differences in biological behavior and treatment response, and evidence suggests significant discrepancies in their respective genetic profiles. In addition, while the WHO classification for appendiceal cancers is currently based on traditional histopathological criteria, studies have demonstrated that histomorphology does not correlate with survival or treatment response in AC. Due to their rarity, appendiceal cancers have not been studied as extensively as other gastrointestinal cancers. However, their incidence has been increasing steadily over the past decade, making it crucial to identify new and more effective strategies for detection and treatment. Recent efforts to map and understand the molecular landscape of appendiceal cancers have unearthed a wealth of information that has made it evident that appendiceal cancers possess a unique molecular profile, distinct from other gastrointestinal cancers. This review focuses on the epigenetic landscape of epithelial appendiceal cancers and aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge of epigenetic changes across different appendiceal cancer subtypes, highlighting the challenges as well as the promise of employing epigenetics in the quest for the detection of biomarkers, therapeutic targets, surveillance markers, and predictors of treatment response and survival in epithelial appendiceal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ladel
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (L.L.); (W.Y.T.); (T.J.); (B.S.); (A.S.)
- Affiliated Internal Medicine Residency Program at Norwalk Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Norwalk Hospital, Yale University, Norwalk, CT 06850, USA
| | - Wan Ying Tan
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (L.L.); (W.Y.T.); (T.J.); (B.S.); (A.S.)
- Affiliated Internal Medicine Residency Program at Norwalk Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Norwalk Hospital, Yale University, Norwalk, CT 06850, USA
| | - Thanushiya Jeyakanthan
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (L.L.); (W.Y.T.); (T.J.); (B.S.); (A.S.)
- Affiliated Internal Medicine Residency Program at Norwalk Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Norwalk Hospital, Yale University, Norwalk, CT 06850, USA
| | - Bethsebie Sailo
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (L.L.); (W.Y.T.); (T.J.); (B.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Anup Sharma
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (L.L.); (W.Y.T.); (T.J.); (B.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Nita Ahuja
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratories, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (L.L.); (W.Y.T.); (T.J.); (B.S.); (A.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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Yuan H, Lu Y, Feng Y, Wang N. Epigenetic inhibitors for cancer treatment. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 383:89-144. [PMID: 38359972 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetics is a heritable and reversible modification that occurs independent of the alteration of primary DNA sequence but remarkably affects genetic expression. Aberrant epigenetic regulators are frequently observed in cancer progression not only influencing the behavior of tumor cells but also the tumor-associated microenvironment (TME). Increasing evidence has shown their great potential as biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes and chemoresistance. Hence, targeting the deregulated epigenetic regulators would be a compelling strategy for cancer treatment. So far, current epigenetic drugs have shown promising efficacy in both preclinical trials and clinical treatment of cancer, which encourages research discoveries on the development of novel epigenetic inhibitors either from natural compounds or artificial synthesis. However, only a few have been approved by the FDA, and more effort needs to be put into the related research. This chapter will update the applications and latest progress of epigenetic inhibitors in cancer treatment and provide prospects for the future development of epigenetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Yuan
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yuanjun Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Romero-Garmendia I, Garcia-Etxebarria K. From Omic Layers to Personalized Medicine in Colorectal Cancer: The Road Ahead. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1430. [PMID: 37510334 PMCID: PMC10379575 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a major health concern since it is a highly diagnosed cancer and the second cause of death among cancers. Thus, the most suitable biomarkers for its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment have been studied to improve and personalize the prevention and clinical management of colorectal cancer. The emergence of omic techniques has provided a great opportunity to better study CRC and make personalized medicine feasible. In this review, we will try to summarize how the analysis of the omic layers can be useful for personalized medicine and the existing difficulties. We will discuss how single and multiple omic layer analyses have been used to improve the prediction of the risk of CRC and its outcomes and how to overcome the challenges in the use of omic layers in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irati Romero-Garmendia
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Koldo Garcia-Etxebarria
- Biodonostia, Gastrointestinal Genetics Group, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Shibamoto J, Arita T, Konishi H, Kataoka S, Furuke H, Takaki W, Kiuchi J, Shimizu H, Yamamoto Y, Komatsu S, Shiozaki A, Kuriu Y, Otsuji E. Roles of miR-4442 in Colorectal Cancer: Predicting Early Recurrence and Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1414. [PMID: 37510319 PMCID: PMC10378884 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with a poor prognosis. We aimed to identify circulating microRNAs that are biomarkers of early CRC recurrence and elucidate their functions. We identified miR-4442 as a candidate biomarker by microRNA array analysis comparing preoperative and postoperative plasma levels in patients with CRC, with and without recurrence. The association between preoperative plasma miR-4442 levels, clinicopathological features, and recurrence-free survival was analyzed in 108 patients with CRC after curative surgery. Furthermore, cell-function analyses were performed, and the involvement of miR-4442 in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was examined. Preoperatively plasma miR-4442 levels were associated with CRC recurrence and exhibited an incremental increase with earlier recurrence dates. Moreover, miR-4442 demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity as a potential biomarker for early CRC recurrence. The expression of miR-4442 in cancer tissues of patients with metastatic liver cancer from CRC was higher than in normal liver, CRC, and normal colorectal tissues. The overexpression of miR-4442 promoted the proliferative, migratory, and invasive activities of CRC cells, decreased levels of RBMS1 and E-cadherin, and increased levels of N-cadherin and Snail1. Plasma miR-4442 is a clinically useful biomarker for predicting the early recurrence of CRC. Furthermore, miR-4442 regulates EMT in CRC by directly targeting the messenger RNA of RBMS1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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Janssens K, Neefs I, Ibrahim J, Schepers A, Pauwels P, Peeters M, Van Camp G, Op de Beeck K. Epigenome-wide methylation analysis of colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and normal tissue reveals novel biomarkers addressing unmet clinical needs. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:111. [PMID: 37415235 PMCID: PMC10327366 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarker discovery in colorectal cancer has mostly focused on methylation patterns in normal and colorectal tumor tissue, but adenomas remain understudied. Therefore, we performed the first epigenome-wide study to profile methylation of all three tissue types combined and to identify discriminatory biomarkers. RESULTS Public methylation array data (Illumina EPIC and 450K) were collected from a total of 1 892 colorectal samples. Pairwise differential methylation analyses between tissue types were performed for both array types to "double evidence" differentially methylated probes (DE DMPs). Subsequently, the identified DMPs were filtered on methylation level and used to build a binary logistic regression prediction model. Focusing on the clinically most interesting group (adenoma vs carcinoma), we identified 13 DE DMPs that could effectively discriminate between them (AUC = 0.996). We validated this model in an in-house experimental methylation dataset of 13 adenomas and 9 carcinomas. It reached a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 95%, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 96%. Our findings raise the possibility that the 13 DE DMPs identified in this study can be used as molecular biomarkers in the clinic. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses show that methylation biomarkers have the potential to discriminate between normal, precursor and carcinoma tissues of the colorectum. More importantly, we highlight the power of the methylome as a source of markers for discriminating between colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, which currently remains an unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katleen Janssens
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Neefs
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Joe Ibrahim
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anne Schepers
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Patrick Pauwels
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Ejtehadi F, Anbardar MH, Imanieh MH, Niknam R, Sivandzadeh GR. Organic colonic lesions in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A comparative study. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2023; 88:208-213. [PMID: 35906157 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmx.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Any alarm symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should be carefully evaluated. Colonoscopy is a standard diagnostic procedure for evaluating the colonic mucosa and ruling out probable diseases responsible for patient symptoms. We analyzed the colonoscopy findings in patients with and without IBS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-six patients with IBS and 101 without IBS were consecutively enrolled in the study. All the patients in the IBS group met the Rome IV criteria, and underwent colonoscopy due to the appearance of red flags. The colonoscopy findings were compared between the 2 groups of patients. RESULTS The main indications for colonoscopy in the IBS group were progressive abdominal pain (36.7%), rectal bleeding with fresh blood (17.7%), and occult blood in stool (12.5%). In the non-IBS group, the most prevalent indicators were rectal bleeding with fresh blood (37.6%), colorectal cancer surveillance (21.8%), and abdominal pain (13.9%). The most common macroscopic findings in the 2 groups were hemorrhoids, polyps, and anal fissure. There were no statistically significant differences with respect to the microscopic and macroscopic findings between groups. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the prevalence of organic lesions in the colon of patients with IBS was the same as that in the patients without IBS. The Rome IV criteria accurately predicted IBS. Additional evaluation through colonoscopy in IBS should be based on the presence of alarm features.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ejtehadi
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M H Anbardar
- Departamento de Patología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M H Imanieh
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - R Niknam
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
| | - G R Sivandzadeh
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
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Ejtehadi F, Anbardar MH, Imanieh MH, Niknam R, Sivandzadeh GR. Organic colonic lesions in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A comparative study. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2023; 88:208-213. [PMID: 35906157 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Any alarm symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should be carefully evaluated. Colonoscopy is a standard diagnostic procedure for evaluating the colonic mucosa and ruling out probable diseases responsible for patient symptoms. We analyzed the colonoscopy findings in patients with and without IBS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety-six patients with IBS and 101 without IBS were consecutively enrolled in the study. All the patients in the IBS group met the Rome IV criteria, and underwent colonoscopy due to the appearance of red flags. The colonoscopy findings were compared between the 2 groups of patients. RESULTS The main indications for colonoscopy in the IBS group were progressive abdominal pain (36.7%), rectal bleeding with fresh blood (17.7%), and occult blood in stool (12.5%). In the non-IBS group, the most prevalent indicators were rectal bleeding with fresh blood (37.6%), colorectal cancer surveillance (21.8%), and abdominal pain (13.9%). The most common macroscopic findings in the 2 groups were hemorrhoids, polyps, and anal fissure. There were no statistically significant differences with respect to the microscopic and macroscopic findings between groups. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the prevalence of organic lesions in the colon of patients with IBS was the same as that in the patients without IBS. The Rome IV criteria accurately predicted IBS. Additional evaluation through colonoscopy in IBS should be based on the presence of alarm features.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ejtehadi
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M H Anbardar
- Departamento de Patología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M H Imanieh
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - R Niknam
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
| | - G R Sivandzadeh
- Centro de Investigación en Gastroenterohepatología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
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139
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Wei H, Tang L, Wang J, Ni M, Liao X, Guo E. Comprehensive investigation of the prognostic values and molecular mechanisms of syntaxin binding protein 5 antisense RNA 1 in patients with colon adenocarcinoma based on RNA sequencing dataset. J Cancer 2023; 14:1607-1622. [PMID: 37325053 PMCID: PMC10266242 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The main purpose of this study is to perform a comprehensive investigation of the prognostic value and molecular mechanism of syntaxin binding protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (STXBP5-AS1) through the whole genome RNA sequencing data of the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cohort. Methods: There were 438 COAD patients were fit into current study for survival analysis. Gene expression profiling interactive analysis 2.0, Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery v6.8, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and connectivity map (CMap) are used to investigate the molecular mechanisms and targeted drugs of STXBP5-AS1 in COAD. Results: By comparing the expression level of tumor and non-tumor tissues, we found that STXBP5-AS1 was notablely down-regulated in COAD tumor tissues. Survival analysis suggested that low STXBP5-AS1 expression was significantly related to poor overall survival (OS) of COAD (log-rank P=0.035, adjusted P=0.005, HR=0.545, 95%CI=0.356-0.836). The enrichment analysis of STXBP5-AS1 co-expressed genes, GSEA and differentially expressed genes suggests that STXBP5-AS1 may play a part in COAD by regulating the following biological processes or pathways: cell junction, DNA replication, apoptosis, cell cycle, metastasis, tumor protein 53, Wnt, mTORC1, MCM, notch receptor 4, transforming growth factor beta receptor, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. CMap analysis was screened out four small molecule drugs (anisomycin, cephaeline, NU-1025 and quipazine) that may be used as STXBP5-AS1 targeted therapy drugs in COAD. The co-expression analysis of STXBP5-AS1 and immune cell gene signature indicated that STXBP5-AS1 was significantly related to immune cell gene set in normal intestinal tissues, but not in COAD tumor tissues. Conclusion: Our results revealed that STXBP5-AS1 is notablely down-regulated in COAD tumor tissues, and may act as a novel prognostic biomarker for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotang Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ni
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530031, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Erna Guo
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
- Institute of International Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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140
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Peng L, Zhang X, Zhang ML, Jiang T, Zhang PJ. Diagnostic value of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7 and 9 in urine for early detection of colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:931-939. [PMID: 37342853 PMCID: PMC10277948 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i5.931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A noninvasive biomarker with high diagnostic performance is urgently needed for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 7 and 9 in urine for CRC.
METHODS Of 59 healthy controls, 47 patients with colon polyps and 82 patients with CRC were included in this study. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum and MMP2, MMP7, and MMP9 in urine were detected. The combined diagnostic model of the indicators was established by binary logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of the subjects was used to evaluate the independent and combined diagnostic value of the indicators.
RESULTS The MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, and CEA levels in the CRC group differed significantly from levels in the healthy controls (P < 0.05). The levels of MMP7, MMP9, and CEA also differed significantly between the CRC group and the colon polyps group (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) distinguishing between the healthy control and the CRC patients using the joint model with CEA, MMP2, MMP7 and MMP9 was 0.977, and the sensitivity and specificity were 95.10% and 91.50%, respectively. For early-stage CRC, the AUC was 0.975, and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.30% and 98.30%, respectively. For advanced stage CRC, the AUC was 0.979, and the sensitivity and specificity were 95.70% and 91.50%, respectively. Using CEA, MMP7 and MMP9 to jointly established a model distinguishing the colorectal polyp group from the CRC group, the AUC was 0.849, and the sensitivity and specificity were 84.10% and 70.20%, respectively. For early-stage CRC, the AUC was 0.818, and the sensitivity and specificity were 76.30% and 72.30%, respectively. For advanced stage CRC, the AUC was 0.875, and the sensitivity and specificity were 81.80% and 72.30%, respectively.
CONCLUSION MMP2, MMP7 and MMP 9 may exhibit diagnostic value for the early detection of CRC and may serve as auxiliary diagnostic markers for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Man-Li Zhang
- Division of Medicine Innovation Research, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Division of Medicine Innovation Research, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Peng-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Interventional Therapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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141
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Yang G, Yu XR, Weisenberger DJ, Lu T, Liang G. A Multi-Omics Overview of Colorectal Cancer to Address Mechanisms of Disease, Metastasis, Patient Disparities and Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112934. [PMID: 37296894 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in men and women across the globe, albeit CRC incidence and mortality shows a substantial racial and ethnic disparity, with the highest burden in African American patients. Even with effective screening tools such as colonoscopy and diagnostic detection assays, CRC remains a substantial health burden. In addition, primary tumors located in the proximal (right) or distal (left) sides of the colorectum have been shown to be unique tumor types that require unique treatment schema. Distal metastases in the liver and other organ systems are the major causes of mortality in CRC patients. Characterizing genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic (multi-omics) alterations has led to a better understanding of primary tumor biology, resulting in targeted therapeutic advancements. In this regard, molecular-based CRC subgroups have been developed that show correlations with patient outcomes. Molecular characterization of CRC metastases has highlighted similarities and differences between metastases and primary tumors; however, our understanding as to how to improve patient outcomes based on metastasis biology is lagging and remains a major obstacle to improving CRC patient outcomes. In this review, we will summarize the multi-omics features of primary CRC tumors and their metastases across racial and ethnic groups, the differences in proximal and distal tumor biology, molecular-based CRC subgroups, treatment strategies and challenges for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211121, China
- China Grand Enterprises, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xi Richard Yu
- China Grand Enterprises, Beijing 100101, China
- Huadong Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310011, China
| | - Daniel J Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- USC Institute of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211121, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211121, China
| | - Gangning Liang
- USC Institute of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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142
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Yang J, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Yu X, Shi S. Epigenetic regulation in the tumor microenvironment: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:210. [PMID: 37217462 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Over decades, researchers have focused on the epigenetic control of DNA-templated processes. Histone modification, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, RNA modification, and noncoding RNAs modulate many biological processes that are crucial to the development of cancers. Dysregulation of the epigenome drives aberrant transcriptional programs. A growing body of evidence suggests that the mechanisms of epigenetic modification are dysregulated in human cancers and might be excellent targets for tumor treatment. Epigenetics has also been shown to influence tumor immunogenicity and immune cells involved in antitumor responses. Thus, the development and application of epigenetic therapy and cancer immunotherapy and their combinations may have important implications for cancer treatment. Here, we present an up-to-date and thorough description of how epigenetic modifications in tumor cells influence immune cell responses in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and how epigenetics influence immune cells internally to modify the TME. Additionally, we highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting epigenetic regulators for cancer immunotherapy. Harnessing the complex interplay between epigenetics and cancer immunology to develop therapeutics that combine thereof is challenging but could yield significant benefits. The purpose of this review is to assist researchers in understanding how epigenetics impact immune responses in the TME, so that better cancer immunotherapies can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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143
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Tang Z, Liu L, Borlak J. Combined inhibition of histone deacetylase and cytidine deaminase improves epigenetic potency of decitabine in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:89. [PMID: 37208732 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting the epigenome of cancerous diseases represents an innovative approach, and the DNA methylation inhibitor decitabine is recommended for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Although epigenetic alterations are also common to solid tumors, the therapeutic efficacy of decitabine in colorectal adenocarcinomas (COAD) is unfavorable. Current research focuses on an identification of combination therapies either with chemotherapeutics or checkpoint inhibitors in modulating the tumor microenvironment. Here we report a series of molecular investigations to evaluate potency of decitabine, the histone deacetylase inhibitor PBA and the cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor tetrahydrouridine (THU) in patient derived functional and p53 null colon cancer cell lines (CCCL). We focused on the inhibition of cell proliferation, the recovery of tumor suppressors and programmed cell death, and established clinical relevance by evaluating drug responsive genes among 270 COAD patients. Furthermore, we evaluated treatment responses based on CpG island density. RESULTS Decitabine caused marked repression of the DNMT1 protein. Conversely, PBA treatment of CCCL recovered acetylation of histone 3 lysine residues, and this enabled an open chromatin state. Unlike single decitabine treatment, the combined decitabine/PBA treatment caused > 95% inhibition of cell proliferation, prevented cell cycle progression especially in the S and G2-phase and induced programmed cell death. Decitabine and PBA differed in their ability to facilitate re-expression of genes localized on different chromosomes, and the combined decitabine/PBA treatment was most effective in the re-expression of 40 tumor suppressors and 13 genes typically silenced in cancer-associated genomic regions of COAD patients. Furthermore, this treatment repressed expression of 11 survival (anti-apoptotic) genes and augmented expression of X-chromosome inactivated genes, especially the lncRNA Xist to facilitate p53-mediated apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of CDA by THU or its gene knockdown prevented decitabine inactivation. Strikingly, PBA treatment recovered the expression of the decitabine drug-uptake transporter SLC15A1, thus enabling high tumor drug-loads. Finally, for 26 drug responsive genes we demonstrated improved survival in COAD patients. CONCLUSION The combined decitabine/PBA/THU drug treatment improved drug potency considerably, and given their existing regulatory approval, our findings merit prospective clinical trials for the triple combination in COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiao Tang
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lu Liu
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Hannover Medical School, Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Yang W, Yang X, Zhang Y, Li Y, Lv W. MiR-363 restrain the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cell by targeting E2F3. J Cancer 2023; 14:1362-1370. [PMID: 37283793 PMCID: PMC10240674 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is associated with tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Studies have shown that miRNAs are closely related to the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the mechanisms deserve further investigation. In this study, we aim to explore the role of miR-363 on CRC tumorigenesis. Using CRC cell lines, we tested the expression of miR-363 by using RT-PCR, and miR-363 effect on cell behavior was test by using CCK-8 assay, wound-healing assay and cell invasion assay, and western blotting. Luciferase reporter assay and western blot confirmed that E2F3 was the target gene for miR-363. We further examined the effect of E2F3 on the regulation of miR-363 on cell behavior through knockdown of E2F3. Western blot and RT-PCR assay showed that miR-363 inhibited the expression of E2F3 in HCT-116 and SW480 cell. MiR-363 overexpression or E2F3 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC. This study demonstrated that miR-363 is able to suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion by negative regulating E2F3 in CRC cells, and inhibits tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yunhai Li
- ✉ Corresponding author: Dr. Yunhai Li, Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 188, Tanhualin, Wuchang District, Wuhan, China. ; Dr. Wenliang Lv, Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 188, Tanhualin, Wuchang District, Wuhan, China.
| | - Wenliang Lv
- ✉ Corresponding author: Dr. Yunhai Li, Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 188, Tanhualin, Wuchang District, Wuhan, China. ; Dr. Wenliang Lv, Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 188, Tanhualin, Wuchang District, Wuhan, China.
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Ishwar D, Venkatakrishnan K, Tan B, Haldavnekar R. DNA Methylation Signatures of Tumor-Associated Natural Killer Cells with Self-Functionalized Nanosensor Enable Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:4142-4151. [PMID: 37134017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells undergo multiple DNA genomic alterations, especially methylation-based modifications that affect activation and function. Several epigenetic modifier markers have been targeted for immunotherapy to date, but the possibility of cancer diagnosis using NK cell's DNA has been overlooked. Here, we investigated the potential use of NK cell DNA genome modifications as markers for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and validated their efficacy in CRC patients. Using Raman spectroscopy as the detection methodology, we identified CRC-specific methylation signatures by comparing CRC-interacted NK cells to healthy circulating NK cells. Subsequently, we identified methylation-dependent alterations in these NK cell populations. These markers were then utilized by a machine learning algorithm to develop a diagnostic model with predictive capabilities. The diagnostic prediction model accurately differentiated CRC patients from normal controls. Our findings demonstrated the utility of NK DNA markers in the diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeptha Ishwar
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (I BEST), Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Nano Characterization Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Nano-Bio Interface Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Krishnan Venkatakrishnan
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (I BEST), Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Nano-Bio Interface Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Bo Tan
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (I BEST), Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
- Nano Characterization Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Rupa Haldavnekar
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (I BEST), Partnership between Toronto Metropolitan University and St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Nano Characterization Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
- Nano-Bio Interface Facility, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Sciences, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada
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146
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Li D, Qu G, Ling S, Sun Y, Cui Y, Yang Y, Cao X. A cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature to predict prognosis and immune microenvironment of colon adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6284. [PMID: 37072493 PMCID: PMC10113217 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33557-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a novel cell death modality but its regulatory role in the colon cancer remains obscure. This study is committed to establishing a cuproptosis-related lncRNA (CRL) signature to forecast the prognosis for colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) samples were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. LASSO-COX analysis was performed to construct a prognostic signature consisting of five CRLs (AC015712.2, ZEB1-AS1, SNHG26, AP001619.1, and ZKSCAN2-DT). We found the patients with high-risk scores suffered from poor prognosis in training cohort (p < 0.001) and validation cohort (p = 0.004). Nomogram was created based on the 5-CRL signature. Calibration curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated the nomogram performed well in 1‑, 3‑, and 5‑year overall survival (OS). Subsequently, we observed increased infiltration of multiple immune cells and upregulated expression of immune checkpoints and RNA methylation modification genes in high-risk patients. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed two tumor-related pathways, including MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways. Finally, we found AKT inhibitors, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), camptothecin, and thapsigargin had more sensitivity to antitumor therapy in high-risk patients. Collectively, this CRL signature is promising for the prognostic prediction and precise therapy of COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Li
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guangzhen Qu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shen Ling
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yuanlin Sun
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yingnan Cui
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yingchi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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147
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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148
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Liao L, Zhang F, Zhuo Z, Huang C, Zhang X, Liu R, Gao B, Ding S. Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism and Inhibition of Colorectal Cancer Progression by Erchen Decoction. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:9557720. [PMID: 37078067 PMCID: PMC10110375 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9557720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Erchen decoction (ECD) is a traditional Chinese prescription widely used in the treatment of various diseases such as obesity, fatty liver, diabetes, and hypertension. In this study, we investigated the effect of ECD on fatty acid metabolism in a colorectal cancer (CRC) mouse model fed a high-fat (HF) diet. The HF-CRC mouse model was established by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) combined with a high-fat diet. Mice were then gavaged with ECD. Change in the body weight was recorded every two weeks for 26 weeks. Changes in blood glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Colorectal tissues were collected to observe changes in colorectal length and tumorigenesis. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed to observe changes in intestinal structure and inflammatory markers. Fatty acids and the expression of related genes in colorectal tissues were also studied. ECD gavage inhibited HF-induced weight gain. CRC induction and HF diet intake resulted in increased GLU, TC, TG, and CRP, where ECD gavage reduced these elevated indicators. ECD gavage also increased colorectal length and inhibited tumorigenesis. HE staining revealed that ECD gavage suppressed inflammatory infiltration of colorectal tissues. ECD gavage suppressed the fatty acid metabolism abnormalities caused by HF-CRC in colorectal tissues. Consistently, ECD gavage lowered ACSL4, ACSL1, CPT1A, and FASN levels in colorectal tissues. Conclusions. ECD inhibited HF-CRC progression through the regulation of fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghong Liao
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Zewei Zhuo
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Chengbao Huang
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Bizhen Gao
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
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149
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Zhao Y, Peng F, Wang C, Murano T, Baba H, Ikematsu H, Li W, Goel A. A DNA Methylation-based Epigenetic Signature for the Identification of Lymph Node Metastasis in T1 Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg 2023; 277:655-663. [PMID: 35837968 PMCID: PMC9840712 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to unravel the lymph node metastasis (LNM)-related methylated DNA (mDNA) landscape and develop a mDNA signature to identify LNM in patients with T1 colorectal cancers (T1 CRC). BACKGROUND Considering the invasiveness of T1 CRC, current guidelines recommend endoscopic resection in patients with LNM-negative, and radical surgical resection only for high-risk LNM-positive patients. Unfortunately, the clinicopathological criteria for LNM risk stratification are imperfect, resulting in frequent misdiagnosis leading to unnecessary radical surgeries and postsurgical complications. METHODS We conducted genome-wide methylation profiling of 39 T1 CRC specimens to identify differentially methylated CpGs between LNM-positive and LNM-negative, and performed quantitative pyrosequencing analysis in 235 specimens from 3 independent patient cohorts, including 195 resected tissues (training cohort: n=128, validation cohort: n=67) and 40 pretreatment biopsies. RESULTS Using logistic regression analysis, we developed a 9-CpG signature to distinguish LNM-positive versus LNM-negative surgical specimens in the training cohort [area under the curve (AUC)=0.831, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.755-0.892; P <0.0001], which was subsequently validated in additional surgical specimens (AUC=0.825; 95% CI=0.696-0.955; P =0.003) and pretreatment biopsies (AUC=0.836; 95% CI=0.640-1.000, P =0.0036). This diagnostic power was further improved by combining the signature with conventional clinicopathological features. CONCLUSIONS We established a novel epigenetic signature that can robustly identify LNM in surgical specimens and even pretreatment biopsies from patients with T1 CRC. Our signature has strong translational potential to improve the selection of high-risk patients who require radical surgery while sparing others from its complications and expense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Zhao
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fuduan Peng
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tatsuro Murano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikematsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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150
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Qian DC, Ulrich BC, Peng G, Zhao H, Conneely KN, Miller AH, Bruner DW, Eldridge RC, Wommack EC, Higgins KA, Shin DM, Saba NF, Smith AK, Burtness B, Park HS, Stokes WA, Beitler JJ, Xiao C. Outcomes Stratification of Head and Neck Cancer Using Pre- and Post-treatment DNA Methylation From Peripheral Blood. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 115:1217-1228. [PMID: 36410685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Established prognostic factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) mostly consist of clinical and tumor features assessed before treatment. We report a novel application of DNA methylation in peripheral blood before and after radiation therapy to further improve outcomes stratification. METHODS AND MATERIALS Peripheral blood samples from patients with nonmetastatic HNSCC were obtained for methylation analysis 1 week before and 1 month after radiation therapy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to a Discovery Cohort or a Validation Cohort. In the Discovery Cohort, associations between genome-wide methylation change (posttreatment minus pretreatment) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) as well as overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Cox regression. A methylation risk score (MRS) was then constructed from methylation levels at the top associated sites, filtered for residing within the regulatory regions of genes expressed in cells of hematopoietic lineage. The prognostic value of MRS was separately assessed in the Discovery and Validation Cohorts. RESULTS Between December 2013 and September 2018, 115 patients participated in this study. Human papilloma virus negative status, oral cavity cancer, gastrostomy tube insertion, and higher neutrophil count before radiation therapy were associated with shorter RFS and OS (P < .05). Genes downstream of the methylation sites comprising MRS are HIF1A, SF1, LGALS9, and FUT5, involved in hypoxia response, blood cell maturation, and immune modulation. High MRS (in the top third) was significantly associated with worse RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 7.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-35.5; P = .016) and OS (HR, 15.9; 95% CI, 1.6-153.6; P = .017) in the Discovery Cohort, independent of the aforementioned risk factors. These findings were replicated in the Validation Cohort, for which high MRS also independently predicted worse RFS (HR, 10.2; 95%, CI 2.4-43.4; P = .002) and OS (HR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.3-10.4; P = .015). CONCLUSIONS We successfully trained and validated a signature of DNA methylation in peripheral blood before and after radiation therapy that stratified outcomes among patients with HNSCC, implicating the potential for genomics-tailored surveillance and consolidation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Bryan C Ulrich
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Gang Peng
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Karen N Conneely
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Deborah W Bruner
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ronald C Eldridge
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Evanthia C Wommack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kristin A Higgins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Alicia K Smith
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Barbara Burtness
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Henry S Park
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - William A Stokes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jonathan J Beitler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Canhua Xiao
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
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