101
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Farah EN, Hu RK, Kern C, Zhang Q, Lu TY, Ma Q, Tran S, Zhang B, Carlin D, Monell A, Blair AP, Wang Z, Eschbach J, Li B, Destici E, Ren B, Evans SM, Chen S, Zhu Q, Chi NC. Spatially organized cellular communities form the developing human heart. Nature 2024; 627:854-864. [PMID: 38480880 PMCID: PMC10972757 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The heart, which is the first organ to develop, is highly dependent on its form to function1,2. However, how diverse cardiac cell types spatially coordinate to create the complex morphological structures that are crucial for heart function remains unclear. Here we integrated single-cell RNA-sequencing with high-resolution multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization to resolve the identity of the cardiac cell types that develop the human heart. This approach also provided a spatial mapping of individual cells that enables illumination of their organization into cellular communities that form distinct cardiac structures. We discovered that many of these cardiac cell types further specified into subpopulations exclusive to specific communities, which support their specialization according to the cellular ecosystem and anatomical region. In particular, ventricular cardiomyocyte subpopulations displayed an unexpected complex laminar organization across the ventricular wall and formed, with other cell subpopulations, several cellular communities. Interrogating cell-cell interactions within these communities using in vivo conditional genetic mouse models and in vitro human pluripotent stem cell systems revealed multicellular signalling pathways that orchestrate the spatial organization of cardiac cell subpopulations during ventricular wall morphogenesis. These detailed findings into the cellular social interactions and specialization of cardiac cell types constructing and remodelling the human heart offer new insights into structural heart diseases and the engineering of complex multicellular tissues for human heart repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie N Farah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert K Hu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Colin Kern
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qingquan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Lu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Qixuan Ma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shaina Tran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Carlin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Monell
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew P Blair
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zilu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Eschbach
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eugin Destici
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bing Ren
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sylvia M Evans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Quan Zhu
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Neil C Chi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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102
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Hasenfuß G, Schuster A, Bergau L, Toischer K. [Precision medicine enhances personalized medicine in cardiology]. INNERE MEDIZIN (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 65:239-247. [PMID: 38294501 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-024-01663-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Personalized medicine and precision medicine, frequently used synonymously, shall be clearly differentiated. Accordingly, personalization in cardiac medicine is based on the clinical presentation of a patient, as well as his/her cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, electrocardiography, imaging, and biomarkers for myocardial load and ischemia. Personalization is based on large clinical trials with detailed subgroup analyses and is practiced on the basis of guidelines. Further in depth personalization is achieved by precision medicine, which is based on innovative imaging for myocardial structure, coronary morphology, and electrophysiology. From the clinical perspective, genome analyses are relevant for comparatively rare monogenetic cardiovascular diseases. While these as well as transcriptome and metabolome analyses play a significant role in cardiovascular research with great translation potential, they have not yet been broadly introduced in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of complex cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, digital technologies have considerable potential in cardiovascular precision medicine. On the one hand, this is based on the frequency of the diseases with the availability of Big Data and, on the other hand, on the availability of bio-signals and sensors of those signals in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hasenfuß
- Herzzentrum Göttingen, Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland.
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Standort Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland.
| | - A Schuster
- Herzzentrum Göttingen, Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Standort Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - L Bergau
- Herzzentrum Göttingen, Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Standort Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - K Toischer
- Herzzentrum Göttingen, Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Standort Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
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103
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Sidorov VY, Sidorova TN, Samson PC, Reiserer RS, Britt CM, Neely MD, Ess KC, Wikswo JP. Contractile and Genetic Characterization of Cardiac Constructs Engineered from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Modeling of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and the Effects of Rapamycin. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:234. [PMID: 38534508 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11030234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The implementation of three-dimensional tissue engineering concurrently with stem cell technology holds great promise for in vitro research in pharmacology and toxicology and modeling cardiac diseases, particularly for rare genetic and pediatric diseases for which animal models, immortal cell lines, and biopsy samples are unavailable. It also allows for a rapid assessment of phenotype-genotype relationships and tissue response to pharmacological manipulation. Mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes lead to dysfunctional mTOR signaling and cause tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems, principally the brain, heart, skin, and kidneys. Here we differentiated healthy (CC3) and tuberous sclerosis (TSP8-15) human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into cardiomyocytes to create engineered cardiac tissue constructs (ECTCs). We investigated and compared their mechano-elastic properties and gene expression and assessed the effects of rapamycin, a potent inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). The TSP8-15 ECTCs had increased chronotropy compared to healthy ECTCs. Rapamycin induced positive inotropic and chronotropic effects (i.e., increased contractility and beating frequency, respectively) in the CC3 ECTCs but did not cause significant changes in the TSP8-15 ECTCs. A differential gene expression analysis revealed 926 up- and 439 down-regulated genes in the TSP8-15 ECTCs compared to their healthy counterparts. The application of rapamycin initiated the differential expression of 101 and 31 genes in the CC3 and TSP8-15 ECTCs, respectively. A gene ontology analysis showed that in the CC3 ECTCs, the positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of rapamycin correlated with positively regulated biological processes, which were primarily related to the metabolism of lipids and fatty and amino acids, and with negatively regulated processes, which were predominantly associated with cell proliferation and muscle and tissue development. In conclusion, this study describes for the first time an in vitro TSC cardiac tissue model, illustrates the response of normal and TSC ECTCs to rapamycin, and provides new insights into the mechanisms of TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veniamin Y Sidorov
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Tatiana N Sidorova
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Philip C Samson
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Ronald S Reiserer
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Clayton M Britt
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - M Diana Neely
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kevin C Ess
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John P Wikswo
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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104
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Liu T, Li K, Wang Y, Li H, Zhao H. Evaluating the Utilities of Foundation Models in Single-cell Data Analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.08.555192. [PMID: 38464157 PMCID: PMC10925156 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.08.555192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Foundation Models (FMs) have made significant strides in both industrial and scientific domains. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of FMs in single-cell sequencing data analysis through comprehensive experiments across eight downstream tasks pertinent to single-cell data. By comparing ten different single-cell FMs with task-specific methods, we found that single-cell FMs may not consistently excel in all tasks than task-specific methods. However, the emergent abilities and the successful applications of cross-species/cross-modality transfer learning of FMs are promising. In addition, we present a systematic evaluation of the effects of hyper-parameters, initial settings, and stability for training single-cell FMs based on a proposed scEval framework, and provide guidelines for pre-training and fine-tuning. Our work summarizes the current state of single-cell FMs and points to their constraints and avenues for future development.
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105
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Butler D, Reyes DR. Heart-on-a-chip systems: disease modeling and drug screening applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1494-1528. [PMID: 38318723 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00829k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, casting a substantial economic footprint and burdening the global healthcare system. Historically, pre-clinical CVD modeling and therapeutic screening have been performed using animal models. Unfortunately, animal models oftentimes fail to adequately mimic human physiology, leading to a poor translation of therapeutics from pre-clinical trials to consumers. Even those that make it to market can be removed due to unforeseen side effects. As such, there exists a clinical, technological, and economical need for systems that faithfully capture human (patho)physiology for modeling CVD, assessing cardiotoxicity, and evaluating drug efficacy. Heart-on-a-chip (HoC) systems are a part of the broader organ-on-a-chip paradigm that leverages microfluidics, tissue engineering, microfabrication, electronics, and gene editing to create human-relevant models for studying disease, drug-induced side effects, and therapeutic efficacy. These compact systems can be capable of real-time measurements and on-demand characterization of tissue behavior and could revolutionize the drug development process. In this review, we highlight the key components that comprise a HoC system followed by a review of contemporary reports of their use in disease modeling, drug toxicity and efficacy assessment, and as part of multi-organ-on-a-chip platforms. We also discuss future perspectives and challenges facing the field, including a discussion on the role that standardization is expected to play in accelerating the widespread adoption of these platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Butler
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Darwin R Reyes
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
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106
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Yazdani A, Tiwari S, Heydarpour M. WITHDRAWN: The effect of ischemia on expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in human myocardium and insights into myocardial injury etiology. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3967889. [PMID: 38464039 PMCID: PMC10925459 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3967889/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
26 February, 2024. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors and without the full consent of the principle investigator of the registered clinical trial. Therefore, this work should not be cited as a reference.
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107
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Plessner M, Thiele L, Hofhuis J, Thoms S. Tissue-specific roles of peroxisomes revealed by expression meta-analysis. Biol Direct 2024; 19:14. [PMID: 38365851 PMCID: PMC10873952 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are primarily studied in the brain, kidney, and liver due to the conspicuous tissue-specific pathology of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders. In contrast, little is known about the role of peroxisomes in other tissues such as the heart. In this meta-analysis, we explore mitochondrial and peroxisomal gene expression on RNA and protein levels in the brain, heart, kidney, and liver, focusing on lipid metabolism. Further, we evaluate a potential developmental and heart region-dependent specificity of our gene set. We find marginal expression of the enzymes for peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in cardiac tissue in comparison to the liver or cardiac mitochondrial β-oxidation. However, the expression of peroxisome biogenesis proteins in the heart is similar to other tissues despite low levels of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. Strikingly, peroxisomal targeting signal type 2-containing factors and plasmalogen biosynthesis appear to play a fundamental role in explaining the essential protective and supporting functions of cardiac peroxisomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Plessner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Leonie Thiele
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Julia Hofhuis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Sven Thoms
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.
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108
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Zou Y, Yang J, Zhou J, Liu G, Shen L, Zhou Z, Su Z, Gu X. Anciently duplicated genes continuously recruited to heart expression in vertebrate evolution are associated with heart chamber increase. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2024. [PMID: 38361319 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Although gene/genome duplications in the early stage of vertebrates have been thought to provide major resources of raw genetic materials for evolutionary innovations, it is unclear whether they continuously contribute to the evolution of morphological complexity during the course of vertebrate evolution, such as the evolution from two heart chambers (fishes) to four heart chambers (mammals and birds). We addressed this issue by our heart RNA-Seq experiments combined with published data, using 13 vertebrates and one invertebrate (sea squirt, as an outgroup). Our evolutionary transcriptome analysis showed that number of ancient paralogous genes expressed in heart tends to increase with the increase of heart chamber number along the vertebrate phylogeny, in spite that most of them were duplicated at the time near to the origin of vertebrates or even more ancient. Moreover, those paralogs expressed in heart exert considerably different functions from heart-expressed singletons: the former are functionally enriched in cardiac muscle and muscle contraction-related categories, whereas the latter play more basic functions of energy generation like aerobic respiration. These findings together support the notion that recruiting anciently paralogous genes that are expressed in heart is associated with the increase of chamber number in vertebrate evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyun Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Brown Center for Immunotherapy, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jingqi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gangbiao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libing Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhixi Su
- Singlera Genomics Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Gu
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
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109
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Caudal A, Snyder MP, Wu JC. Harnessing human genetics and stem cells for precision cardiovascular medicine. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100445. [PMID: 38359791 PMCID: PMC10879032 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) platforms are valuable for biomedical and pharmaceutical research by providing tissue-specific human cells that retain patients' genetic integrity and display disease phenotypes in a dish. Looking forward, combining iPSC phenotyping platforms with genomic and screening technologies will continue to pave new directions for precision medicine, including genetic prediction, visualization, and treatment of heart disease. This review summarizes the recent use of iPSC technology to unpack the influence of genetic variants in cardiovascular pathology. We focus on various state-of-the-art genomic tools for cardiovascular therapies-including the expansion of genetic toolkits for molecular interrogation, in vitro population studies, and function-based drug screening-and their current applications in patient- and genome-edited iPSC platforms that are heralding new avenues for cardiovascular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne Caudal
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Greenstone Biosciences, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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110
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Paz-Artigas L, González-Lana S, Polo N, Vicente P, Montero-Calle P, Martínez MA, Rábago G, Serra M, Prósper F, Mazo MM, González A, Ochoa I, Ciriza J. Generation of Self-Induced Myocardial Ischemia in Large-Sized Cardiac Spheroids without Alteration of Environmental Conditions Recreates Fibrotic Remodeling and Tissue Stiffening Revealed by Constriction Assays. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:987-997. [PMID: 38234159 PMCID: PMC10865285 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
A combination of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and 3D microtissue culture techniques allows the generation of models that recapitulate the cardiac microenvironment for preclinical research of new treatments. In particular, spheroids represent the simplest approach to culture cells in 3D and generate gradients of cellular access to the media, mimicking the effects of an ischemic event. However, previous models required incubation under low oxygen conditions or deprived nutrient media to recreate ischemia. Here, we describe the generation of large spheroids (i.e., larger than 500 μm diameter) that self-induce an ischemic core. Spheroids were generated by coculture of cardiomyocytes derived from hiPSCs (hiPSC-CMs) and primary human cardiac fibroblast (hCF). In the proper medium, cells formed aggregates that generated an ischemic core 2 days after seeding. Spheroids also showed spontaneous cellular reorganization after 10 days, with hiPSC-CMs located at the center and surrounded by hCFs. This led to an increase in microtissue stiffness, characterized by the implementation of a constriction assay. All in all, these phenomena are hints of the fibrotic tissue remodeling secondary to a cardiac ischemic event, thus demonstrating the suitability of these spheroids for the modeling of human cardiac ischemia and its potential application for new treatments and drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Paz-Artigas
- Tissue
Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering
Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Institute
for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Sandra González-Lana
- Tissue
Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering
Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- BEONCHIP
S.L., CEMINEM, Campus
Río Ebro, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Nicolás Polo
- Tissue
Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering
Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Pedro Vicente
- Instituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
- Instituto
de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Pilar Montero-Calle
- Cardiology
and Cardiac Surgery Department, Clínica
Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31009, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Martínez
- Tissue
Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering
Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- CIBER-BBN,
ISCIII, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Gregorio Rábago
- Cardiology
and Cardiac Surgery Department, Clínica
Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31009, Spain
| | - Margarida Serra
- Instituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
- Instituto
de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Regenerative
Medicine Program, Cima Universidad de Navarra,
and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
- Hematology
and Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad
de Navarra, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra
(IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
- CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Manuel M. Mazo
- Regenerative
Medicine Program, Cima Universidad de Navarra,
and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
- Hematology
and Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad
de Navarra, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra
(IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Arantxa González
- Tissue
Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering
Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA
Universidad de Navarra, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria
de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona 31008, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ochoa
- Tissue
Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering
Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Institute
for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- CIBER-BBN,
ISCIII, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Jesús Ciriza
- Tissue
Microenvironment (TME) Lab, Aragón Institute of Engineering
Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Institute
for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- CIBER-BBN,
ISCIII, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
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111
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Huang M, Huiskes FG, de Groot NMS, Brundel BJJM. The Role of Immune Cells Driving Electropathology and Atrial Fibrillation. Cells 2024; 13:311. [PMID: 38391924 PMCID: PMC10886649 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common progressive cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and entails serious complications including stroke and heart failure. Despite decades of clinical research, the current treatment of AF is suboptimal. This is due to a lack of knowledge on the mechanistic root causes of AF. Prevailing theories indicate a key role for molecular and structural changes in driving electrical conduction abnormalities in the atria and as such triggering AF. Emerging evidence indicates the role of the altered atrial and systemic immune landscape in driving this so-called electropathology. Immune cells and immune markers play a central role in immune remodeling by exhibiting dual facets. While the activation and recruitment of immune cells contribute to maintaining atrial stability, the excessive activation and pronounced expression of immune markers can foster AF. This review delineates shifts in cardiac composition and the distribution of immune cells in the context of cardiac health and disease, especially AF. A comprehensive exploration of the functions of diverse immune cell types in AF and other cardiac diseases is essential to unravel the intricacies of immune remodeling. Usltimately, we delve into clinical evidence showcasing immune modifications in both the atrial and systemic domains among AF patients, aiming to elucidate immune markers for therapy and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Huang
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (F.G.H.)
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Fabries G. Huiskes
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (F.G.H.)
| | | | - Bianca J. J. M. Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (F.G.H.)
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112
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Wang P, Konja D, Singh S, Zhang B, Wang Y. Endothelial Senescence: From Macro- to Micro-Vasculature and Its Implications on Cardiovascular Health. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1978. [PMID: 38396653 PMCID: PMC10889199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells line at the most inner layer of blood vessels. They act to control hemostasis, arterial tone/reactivity, wound healing, tissue oxygen, and nutrient supply. With age, endothelial cells become senescent, characterized by reduced regeneration capacity, inflammation, and abnormal secretory profile. Endothelial senescence represents one of the earliest features of arterial ageing and contributes to many age-related diseases. Compared to those in arteries and veins, endothelial cells of the microcirculation exhibit a greater extent of heterogeneity. Microcirculatory endothelial senescence leads to a declined capillary density, reduced angiogenic potentials, decreased blood flow, impaired barrier properties, and hypoperfusion in a tissue or organ-dependent manner. The heterogeneous phenotypes of microvascular endothelial cells in a particular vascular bed and across different tissues remain largely unknown. Accordingly, the mechanisms underlying macro- and micro-vascular endothelial senescence vary in different pathophysiological conditions, thus offering specific target(s) for therapeutic development of senolytic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peichun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (P.W.); (D.K.); (S.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniels Konja
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (P.W.); (D.K.); (S.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sandeep Singh
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (P.W.); (D.K.); (S.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Beijia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (P.W.); (D.K.); (S.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (P.W.); (D.K.); (S.S.); (B.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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113
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Longden TA, Lederer WJ. Electro-metabolic signaling. J Gen Physiol 2024; 156:e202313451. [PMID: 38197953 PMCID: PMC10783436 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Precise matching of energy substrate delivery to local metabolic needs is essential for the health and function of all tissues. Here, we outline a mechanistic framework for understanding this critical process, which we refer to as electro-metabolic signaling (EMS). All tissues exhibit changes in metabolism over varying spatiotemporal scales and have widely varying energetic needs and reserves. We propose that across tissues, common signatures of elevated metabolism or increases in energy substrate usage that exceed key local thresholds rapidly engage mechanisms that generate hyperpolarizing electrical signals in capillaries that then relax contractile elements throughout the vasculature to quickly adjust blood flow to meet changing needs. The attendant increase in energy substrate delivery serves to meet local metabolic requirements and thus avoids a mismatch in supply and demand and prevents metabolic stress. We discuss in detail key examples of EMS that our laboratories have discovered in the brain and the heart, and we outline potential further EMS mechanisms operating in tissues such as skeletal muscle, pancreas, and kidney. We suggest that the energy imbalance evoked by EMS uncoupling may be central to cellular dysfunction from which the hallmarks of aging and metabolic diseases emerge and may lead to generalized organ failure states-such as diverse flavors of heart failure and dementia. Understanding and manipulating EMS may be key to preventing or reversing these dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Longden
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Interactions, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - W. Jonathan Lederer
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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114
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Mamazhakypov A, Maripov A, Sarybaev AS, Schermuly RT, Sydykov A. Mast Cells in Cardiac Remodeling: Focus on the Right Ventricle. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:54. [PMID: 38392268 PMCID: PMC10889421 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to various stressors, cardiac chambers undergo structural remodeling. Long-term exposure of the right ventricle (RV) to pressure or volume overload leads to its maladaptive remodeling, associated with RV failure and increased mortality. While left ventricular adverse remodeling is well understood and therapeutic options are available or emerging, RV remodeling remains underexplored, and no specific therapies are currently available. Accumulating evidence implicates the role of mast cells in RV remodeling. Mast cells produce and release numerous inflammatory mediators, growth factors and proteases that can adversely affect cardiac cells, thus contributing to cardiac remodeling. Recent experimental findings suggest that mast cells might represent a potential therapeutic target. This review examines the role of mast cells in cardiac remodeling, with a specific focus on RV remodeling, and explores the potential efficacy of therapeutic interventions targeting mast cells to mitigate adverse RV remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Abdirashit Maripov
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Akpay S Sarybaev
- Department of Mountain and Sleep Medicine and Pulmonary Hypertension, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek 720040, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Akylbek Sydykov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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115
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Chua W, Khashaba A, Canagarajah H, Nielsen JC, di Biase L, Haeusler KG, Hindricks G, Mont L, Piccini J, Schnabel RB, Schotten U, Wienhues-Thelen UH, Zeller T, Fabritz L, Kirchhof P. Disturbed atrial metabolism, shear stress, and cardiac load contribute to atrial fibrillation after ablation: AXAFA biomolecule study. Europace 2024; 26:euae028. [PMID: 38266130 PMCID: PMC10873713 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Different disease processes can combine to cause atrial fibrillation (AF). Their contribution to recurrent AF after ablation in patients is not known. Cardiovascular processes associated with recurrent AF after AF ablation were determined by quantifying biomolecules related to inflammation, metabolism, proliferation, fibrosis, shear stress, atrial pressure, and others in the AXAFA biomolecule study. METHODS AND RESULTS Twelve circulating cardiovascular biomolecules (ANGPT2, BMP10, CA125, hsCRP, ESM1, FABP3, FGF23, GDF15, IGFBP7, IL6, NT-proBNP, and hsTnT) were quantified in plasma samples obtained prior to a first AF ablation using high-throughput, high-precision assays. Cox regression was used to identify biomolecules associated with recurrent AF during the first 3 months after AF ablation. In 433 patients (64 years [58, 70]; 33% women), baseline concentrations of ANGPT2, BMP10, hsCRP, FGF23, FABP3, GDF15, and NT-proBNP were elevated in patients with recurrent AF (120/433; 28%). After adjustment for 11 clinical features and randomized treatment, elevated NT-proBNP [hazard ratio (HR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (1.29, 1.94)], ANGPT2 [HR 1.37, (1.12, 1.67)], and BMP10 [HR 1.24 (1.02, 1.51)] remained associated with recurrent AF. Concentrations of ANGPT2, BMP10, and NT-proBNP decreased in patients who remained arrhythmia free, but not in patients with recurrent AF, highlighting their connection to AF. The other eight biomarkers showed unchanged concentrations. CONCLUSION Elevated concentrations of ANGPT2, BMP10, and NT-proBNP are associated with recurrent AF after a first AF ablation, suggesting that processes linked to disturbed cardiomyocyte metabolism, altered atrial shear stress, and increased load contribute to AF after AF ablation in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Chua
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Wolfson Drive, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alya Khashaba
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Wolfson Drive, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hansel Canagarajah
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Wolfson Drive, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Luigi di Biase
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Hospital, New York, New York, USA
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute at St. David’s Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karl Georg Haeusler
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Münster, DE
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hindricks
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Charite, Campus Charite Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lluis Mont
- Hospital Clinic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, ES
| | - Jonathan Piccini
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (DCRI), Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Münster, DE
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Building O70, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Münster, DE
- Department of Physiology, University Maastricht, Maastricht, NL
| | | | - Tanja Zeller
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Wolfson Drive, Birmingham, UK
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Münster, DE
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Building O70, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Wolfson Drive, Birmingham, UK
- Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET), Münster, DE
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site: Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Building O70, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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116
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Matthews ER, Johnson OD, Horn KJ, Gutiérrez JA, Powell SR, Ward MC. Anthracyclines induce cardiotoxicity through a shared gene expression response signature. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011164. [PMID: 38416769 PMCID: PMC10927150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
TOP2 inhibitors (TOP2i) are effective drugs for breast cancer treatment. However, they can cause cardiotoxicity in some women. The most widely used TOP2i include anthracyclines (AC) Doxorubicin (DOX), Daunorubicin (DNR), Epirubicin (EPI), and the anthraquinone Mitoxantrone (MTX). It is unclear whether women would experience the same adverse effects from all drugs in this class, or if specific drugs would be preferable for certain individuals based on their cardiotoxicity risk profile. To investigate this, we studied the effects of treatment of DOX, DNR, EPI, MTX, and an unrelated monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab (TRZ) on iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) from six healthy females. All TOP2i induce cell death at concentrations observed in cancer patient serum, while TRZ does not. A sub-lethal dose of all TOP2i induces limited cellular stress but affects calcium handling, a function critical for cardiomyocyte contraction. TOP2i induce thousands of gene expression changes over time, giving rise to four distinct gene expression response signatures, denoted as TOP2i early-acute, early-sustained, and late response genes, and non-response genes. There is no drug- or AC-specific signature. TOP2i early response genes are enriched in chromatin regulators, which mediate AC sensitivity across breast cancer patients. However, there is increased transcriptional variability between individuals following AC treatments. To investigate potential genetic effects on response variability, we first identified a reported set of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) uncovered following DOX treatment in iPSC-CMs. Indeed, DOX response eQTLs are enriched in genes that respond to all TOP2i. Next, we identified 38 genes in loci associated with AC toxicity by GWAS or TWAS. Two thirds of the genes that respond to at least one TOP2i, respond to all ACs with the same direction of effect. Our data demonstrate that TOP2i induce thousands of shared gene expression changes in cardiomyocytes, including genes near SNPs associated with inter-individual variation in response to DOX treatment and AC-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Renee Matthews
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Omar D. Johnson
- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kandace J. Horn
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - José A. Gutiérrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Simon R. Powell
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michelle C. Ward
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Fonoudi H, Jouni M, Cejas RB, Magdy T, Blancard M, Ge N, Shah DA, Lyra-Leite DM, Neupane A, Gharib M, Jiang Z, Sapkota Y, Burridge PW. Functional Validation of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity-Related Genes. JACC CardioOncol 2024; 6:38-50. [PMID: 38510289 PMCID: PMC10950437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide association studies and candidate gene association studies have identified more than 180 genetic variants statistically associated with anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC). However, the lack of functional validation has hindered the clinical translation of these findings. Objectives The aim of this study was to functionally validate all genes associated with AIC using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Methods Through a systemic literature search, 80 genes containing variants significantly associated with AIC were identified. Additionally, 3 more genes with potential roles in AIC (GSTM1, CBR1, and ERBB2) were included. Of these, 38 genes exhibited expression in human fetal heart, adult heart, and hiPSC-CMs. Using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9-based genome editing, each of these 38 genes was systematically knocked out in control hiPSC-CMs, and the resulting doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) phenotype was assessed using hiPSC-CMs. Subsequently, functional assays were conducted for each gene knockout on the basis of hypothesized mechanistic implications in DIC. Results Knockout of 26 genes increased the susceptibility of hiPSC-CMs to DIC. Notable genes included efflux transporters (ABCC10, ABCC2, ABCB4, ABCC5, and ABCC9), well-established DIC-associated genes (CBR1, CBR3, and RAC2), and genome-wide association study-discovered genes (RARG and CELF4). Conversely, knockout of ATP2B1, HNMT, POR, CYBA, WDR4, and COL1A2 had no significant effect on the in vitro DIC phenotype of hiPSC-CMs. Furthermore, knockout of the uptake transporters (SLC28A3, SLC22A17, and SLC28A1) demonstrated a protective effect against DIC. Conclusions The present findings establish a comprehensive platform for the functional validation of DIC-associated genes, providing insights for future studies in DIC variant associations and potential mechanistic targets for the development of cardioprotective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hananeh Fonoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mariam Jouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Romina B. Cejas
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tarek Magdy
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Malorie Blancard
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ning Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Disheet A. Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Davi M. Lyra-Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Achal Neupane
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mennat Gharib
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhengxin Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yadav Sapkota
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul W. Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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118
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Załęska-Kocięcka M, Wojdyńska Z, Kalisz M, Litwiniuk A, Mączewski M, Leszek P, Paterek A. Epicardial fat and ventricular arrhythmias. Heart Rhythm 2024; 21:206-212. [PMID: 37972673 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The arrhythmogenic role of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in atrial arrhythmias is well established, but its effect on ventricular arrhythmias has been significantly less investigated. Since ventricular arrhythmias are thought to cause 75%-80% of cases of sudden cardiac death, this is not a trivial issue. We provide an overview of clinical data as well as experimental and molecular data linking EAT to ventricular arrhythmias, attempting to dissect possible mechanisms and indicate future directions of research and possible clinical implications. However, despite a wealth of data indicating the role of epicardial and intramyocardial fat in the induction and propagation of ventricular arrhythmias, unfortunately there is currently no direct evidence that indeed EAT triggers arrhythmia or can be a target for antiarrhythmic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Załęska-Kocięcka
- Heart Failure and Transplantology Department, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplant Department, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Wojdyńska
- Heart Failure and Transplantology Department, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplant Department, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kalisz
- Department of Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Litwiniuk
- Department of Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Mączewski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Leszek
- Heart Failure and Transplantology Department, Mechanical Circulatory Support and Transplant Department, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Paterek
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
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119
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Paasche A, Wiedmann F, Kraft M, Seibertz F, Herlt V, Blochberger PL, Jávorszky N, Beck M, Weirauch L, Seeger T, Blank A, Haefeli WE, Arif R, Meyer AL, Warnecke G, Karck M, Voigt N, Frey N, Schmidt C. Acute antiarrhythmic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors-dapagliflozin lowers the excitability of atrial cardiomyocytes. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:93-112. [PMID: 38170280 PMCID: PMC10837223 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, SGLT2 inhibitors have become an integral part of heart failure therapy, and several mechanisms contributing to cardiorenal protection have been identified. In this study, we place special emphasis on the atria and investigate acute electrophysiological effects of dapagliflozin to assess the antiarrhythmic potential of SGLT2 inhibitors. Direct electrophysiological effects of dapagliflozin were investigated in patch clamp experiments on isolated atrial cardiomyocytes. Acute treatment with elevated-dose dapagliflozin caused a significant reduction of the action potential inducibility, the amplitude and maximum upstroke velocity. The inhibitory effects were reproduced in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and were more pronounced in atrial compared to ventricular cells. Hypothesizing that dapagliflozin directly affects the depolarization phase of atrial action potentials, we examined fast inward sodium currents in human atrial cardiomyocytes and found a significant decrease of peak sodium current densities by dapagliflozin, accompanied by a moderate inhibition of the transient outward potassium current. Translating these findings into a porcine large animal model, acute elevated-dose dapagliflozin treatment caused an atrial-dominant reduction of myocardial conduction velocity in vivo. This could be utilized for both, acute cardioversion of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes and rhythm control of persistent atrial fibrillation. In this study, we show that dapagliflozin alters the excitability of atrial cardiomyocytes by direct inhibition of peak sodium currents. In vivo, dapagliflozin exerts antiarrhythmic effects, revealing a potential new additional role of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of atrial arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Paasche
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- HCR, Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Wiedmann
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- HCR, Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Kraft
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- HCR, Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fitzwilliam Seibertz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert Koch Strasse 42a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Göttingen, Robert Koch Strasse 42a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Robert Koch Strasse 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Valerie Herlt
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pablo L Blochberger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natasa Jávorszky
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Beck
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leo Weirauch
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Timon Seeger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Blank
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter E Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rawa Arif
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna L Meyer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gregor Warnecke
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert Koch Strasse 42a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Göttingen, Robert Koch Strasse 42a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Robert Koch Strasse 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- HCR, Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Constanze Schmidt
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- HCR, Heidelberg Center for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Schelemei P, Wagner E, Picard FSR, Winkels H. Macrophage mediators and mechanisms in cardiovascular disease. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23424. [PMID: 38275140 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302001r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are major players in myocardial infarction (MI) and atherosclerosis, two major cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Atherosclerosis is caused by the buildup of cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in blood vessels, causing inflammation, vascular injury, and plaque formation. Plaque rupture or erosion can cause thrombus formation resulting in inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle and MI. Inflammation, particularly driven by macrophages, plays a central role in both atherosclerosis and MI. Recent integrative approaches of single-cell analysis-based classifications in both murine and human atherosclerosis as well as experimental MI showed overlap in origin, diversity, and function of macrophages in the aorta and the heart. We here discuss differences and communalities between macrophages in the heart and aorta at steady state and in atherosclerosis or upon MI. We focus on markers, mediators, and functional states of macrophage subpopulations. Recent trials testing anti-inflammatory agents show a major benefit in reducing the inflammatory burden of CVD patients, but highlight a necessity for a broader understanding of immune cell ontogeny and heterogeneity in CVD. The novel insights into macrophage biology in CVD represent exciting opportunities for the development of novel treatment strategies against CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Schelemei
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinic III for Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena Wagner
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinic III for Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Simon Ruben Picard
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinic III for Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Winkels
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Clinic III for Internal Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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121
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Yang Y, Yang H, Kiskin FN, Zhang JZ. The new era of cardiovascular research: revolutionizing cardiovascular research with 3D models in a dish. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2024; 4:68-85. [PMID: 38515776 PMCID: PMC10954298 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular research has heavily relied on studies using patient samples and animal models. However, patient studies often miss the data from the crucial early stage of cardiovascular diseases, as obtaining primary tissues at this stage is impracticable. Transgenic animal models can offer some insights into disease mechanisms, although they usually do not fully recapitulate the phenotype of cardiovascular diseases and their progression. In recent years, a promising breakthrough has emerged in the form of in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cardiovascular models utilizing human pluripotent stem cells. These innovative models recreate the intricate 3D structure of the human heart and vessels within a controlled environment. This advancement is pivotal as it addresses the existing gaps in cardiovascular research, allowing scientists to study different stages of cardiovascular diseases and specific drug responses using human-origin models. In this review, we first outline various approaches employed to generate these models. We then comprehensively discuss their applications in studying cardiovascular diseases by providing insights into molecular and cellular changes associated with cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we highlight the potential of these 3D models serving as a platform for drug testing to assess drug efficacy and safety. Despite their immense potential, challenges persist, particularly in maintaining the complex structure of 3D heart and vessel models and ensuring their function is comparable to real organs. However, overcoming these challenges could revolutionize cardiovascular research. It has the potential to offer comprehensive mechanistic insights into human-specific disease processes, ultimately expediting the development of personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fedir N. Kiskin
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Joe Z. Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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122
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Ye F, Wang J, Li J, Mei Y, Guo G. Mapping Cell Atlases at the Single-Cell Level. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305449. [PMID: 38145338 PMCID: PMC10885669 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in single-cell technologies have led to rapid developments in the construction of cell atlases. These atlases have the potential to provide detailed information about every cell type in different organisms, enabling the characterization of cellular diversity at the single-cell level. Global efforts in developing comprehensive cell atlases have profound implications for both basic research and clinical applications. This review provides a broad overview of the cellular diversity and dynamics across various biological systems. In addition, the incorporation of machine learning techniques into cell atlas analyses opens up exciting prospects for the field of integrative biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
| | - Yuqing Mei
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
| | - Guoji Guo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310000China
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang311121China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineDr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineHangzhouZhejiang310058China
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310000China
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Avolio E, Campagnolo P, Katare R, Madeddu P. The role of cardiac pericytes in health and disease: therapeutic targets for myocardial infarction. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:106-118. [PMID: 37542118 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Millions of cardiomyocytes die immediately after myocardial infarction, regardless of whether the culprit coronary artery undergoes prompt revascularization. Residual ischaemia in the peri-infarct border zone causes further cardiomyocyte damage, resulting in a progressive decline in contractile function. To date, no treatment has succeeded in increasing the vascularization of the infarcted heart. In the past decade, new approaches that can target the heart's highly plastic perivascular niche have been proposed. The perivascular environment is populated by mesenchymal progenitor cells, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and pericytes, which can together mount a healing response to the ischaemic damage. In the infarcted heart, pericytes have crucial roles in angiogenesis, scar formation and stabilization, and control of the inflammatory response. Persistent ischaemia and accrual of age-related risk factors can lead to pericyte depletion and dysfunction. In this Review, we describe the phenotypic changes that characterize the response of cardiac pericytes to ischaemia and the potential of pericyte-based therapy for restoring the perivascular niche after myocardial infarction. Pericyte-related therapies that can salvage the area at risk of an ischaemic injury include exogenously administered pericytes, pericyte-derived exosomes, pericyte-engineered biomaterials, and pharmacological approaches that can stimulate the differentiation of constitutively resident pericytes towards an arteriogenic phenotype. Promising preclinical results from in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that pericytes have crucial roles in the treatment of coronary artery disease and the prevention of post-ischaemic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Avolio
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Paola Campagnolo
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Liu X, Shen H, Yu J, Luo F, Li T, Li Q, Yuan X, Sun Y, Zhou Z. Resolving the heterogeneous tumour microenvironment in cardiac myxoma through single-cell and spatial transcriptomics. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1581. [PMID: 38318640 PMCID: PMC10844892 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac myxoma (CM) is the most common (58%-80%) type of primary cardiac tumours. Currently, there is a need to develop medical therapies, especially for patients not physically suitable for surgeries. However, the mechanisms that shape the tumour microenvironment (TME) in CM remain largely unknown, which impedes the development of targeted therapies. Here, we aimed to dissect the TME in CM at single-cell and spatial resolution. METHODS We performed single-cell transcriptomic sequencing and Visium CytAssist spatial transcriptomic (ST) assays on tumour samples from patients with CM. A comprehensive analysis was performed, including unsupervised clustering, RNA velocity, clonal substructure inference of tumour cells and cell-cell communication. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering of 34 759 cells identified 12 clusters, which were assigned to endothelial cells (ECs), mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs), and tumour-infiltrating immune cells. Myxoma tumour cells were found to encompass two closely related phenotypic states, namely, EC-like tumour cells (ETCs) and MSC-like tumour cells (MTCs). According to RNA velocity, our findings suggest that ETCs may be directly differentiated from MTCs. The immune microenvironment of CM was found to contain multiple factors that promote immune suppression and evasion, underscoring the potential of using immunotherapies as a treatment option. Hyperactive signals sent primarily by tumour cells were identified, such as MDK, HGF, chemerin, and GDF15 signalling. Finally, the ST assay uncovered spatial features of the subclusters, proximal cell-cell communication, and clonal evolution of myxoma tumour cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study presents the first comprehensive characterisation of the TME in CM at both single-cell and spatial resolution. Our study provides novel insight into the differentiation of myxoma tumour cells and advance our understanding of the TME in CM. Given the rarity of cardiac tumours, our study provides invaluable datasets and promotes the development of medical therapies for CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular DiseasesCenter of Laboratory MedicineFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Huayan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular DiseasesCenter of Laboratory MedicineFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jinxing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular DiseasesCenter of Laboratory MedicineFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Fengming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular DiseasesCenter of Laboratory MedicineFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Tianjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular DiseasesCenter of Laboratory MedicineFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular DiseasesCenter of Laboratory MedicineFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of PathologyFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular DiseasesCenter of Laboratory MedicineFuwai HospitalBeijingChina
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Smolgovsky S, Theall B, Wagner N, Alcaide P. Fibroblasts and immune cells: at the crossroad of organ inflammation and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H303-H316. [PMID: 38038714 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00545.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The immune and fibrotic responses have evolved to work in tandem to respond to pathogen clearance and promote tissue repair. However, excessive immune and fibrotic responses lead to chronic inflammation and fibrosis, respectively, both of which are key pathological drivers of organ pathophysiology. Fibroblasts and immune cells are central to these responses, and evidence of these two cell types communicating through soluble mediators or adopting functions from each other through direct contact is constantly emerging. Here, we review complex junctions of fibroblast-immune cell cross talk, such as immune cell modulation of fibroblast physiology and fibroblast acquisition of immune cell-like functions, as well as how these systems of communication contribute to organ pathophysiology. We review the concept of antigen presentation by fibroblasts among different organs with different regenerative capacities, and then focus on the inflammation-fibrosis axis in the heart in the complex syndrome of heart failure. We discuss the need to develop anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic therapies, so far unsuccessful to date, that target novel mechanisms that sit at the crossroads of the fibrotic and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Smolgovsky
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Brandon Theall
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Noah Wagner
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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126
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Sansonetti M, Al Soodi B, Thum T, Jung M. Macrophage-based therapeutic approaches for cardiovascular diseases. Basic Res Cardiol 2024; 119:1-33. [PMID: 38170281 PMCID: PMC10837257 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite the advances in treatment options, cardiovascular disease (CVDs) remains the leading cause of death over the world. Chronic inflammatory response and irreversible fibrosis are the main underlying pathophysiological causes of progression of CVDs. In recent decades, cardiac macrophages have been recognized as main regulatory players in the development of these complex pathophysiological conditions. Numerous approaches aimed at macrophages have been devised, leading to novel prospects for therapeutic interventions. Our review covers the advancements in macrophage-centric treatment plans for various pathologic conditions and examines the potential consequences and obstacles of employing macrophage-targeted techniques in cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marida Sansonetti
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bashar Al Soodi
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- REBIRTH-Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Mira Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Punzon-Jimenez P, Machado-Lopez A, Perez-Moraga R, Llera-Oyola J, Grases D, Galvez-Viedma M, Sibai M, Satorres-Perez E, Lopez-Agullo S, Badenes R, Ferrer-Gomez C, Porta-Pardo E, Roson B, Simon C, Mas A. Effect of aging on the human myometrium at single-cell resolution. Nat Commun 2024; 15:945. [PMID: 38296945 PMCID: PMC10830479 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-associated myometrial dysfunction can prompt complications during pregnancy and labor, which is one of the factors contributing to the 7.8-fold increase in maternal mortality in women over 40. Using single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, we have constructed a cellular atlas of the aging myometrium from 186,120 cells across twenty perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. We identify 23 myometrial cell subpopulations, including contractile and venous capillary cells as well as immune-modulated fibroblasts. Myometrial aging leads to fewer contractile capillary cells, a reduced level of ion channel expression in smooth muscle cells, and impaired gene expression in endothelial, smooth muscle, fibroblast, perivascular, and immune cells. We observe altered myometrial cell-to-cell communication as an aging hallmark, which associated with the loss of 25 signaling pathways, including those related to angiogenesis, tissue repair, contractility, immunity, and nervous system regulation. These insights may contribute to a better understanding of the complications faced by older individuals during pregnancy and labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Punzon-Jimenez
- Carlos Simon Foundation, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba Machado-Lopez
- Carlos Simon Foundation, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raul Perez-Moraga
- Carlos Simon Foundation, Valencia, Spain
- R&D Department, Igenomix, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Daniela Grases
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mustafa Sibai
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Rafael Badenes
- Department of Surgery, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Beatriz Roson
- Carlos Simon Foundation, Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Simon
- Carlos Simon Foundation, Valencia, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, BIDMC, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Aymara Mas
- Carlos Simon Foundation, Valencia, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
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Tadros HJ, Turaga D, Zhao Y, Chang-Ru T, Adachi IA, Li X, Martin JF. Activated fibroblasts drive cellular interactions in end-stage pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.25.577226. [PMID: 38352607 PMCID: PMC10862753 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.25.577226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively rare but debilitating diagnosis in the pediatric population and patients with end-stage HCM require heart transplantation. In this study, we performed single-nucleus RNA sequencing on pediatric HCM and control myocardium. We identified distinct underling cellular processes in pediatric, end-stage HCM in cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and myeloid cells, compared to controls. Pediatric HCM was enriched in cardiomyocytes exhibiting "stressed" myocardium gene signatures and underlying pathways associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac fibroblasts exhibited clear activation signatures and heightened downstream processes associated with fibrosis, more so than adult counterparts. There was notable depletion of tissue-resident macrophages, and increased vascular remodeling in endothelial cells. Our analysis provides the first single nuclei analysis focused on end-stage pediatric HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna J Tadros
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Diwakar Turaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tsai Chang-Ru
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Iki A Adachi
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James F Martin
- The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Organ Repair and Renewal, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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129
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Piran Z, Nitzan M. SiFT: uncovering hidden biological processes by probabilistic filtering of single-cell data. Nat Commun 2024; 15:760. [PMID: 38278815 PMCID: PMC10817921 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular populations simultaneously encode multiple biological attributes, including spatial configuration, temporal trajectories, and cell-cell interactions. Some of these signals may be overshadowed by others and harder to recover, despite the great progress made to computationally reconstruct biological processes from single-cell data. To address this, we present SiFT, a kernel-based projection method for filtering biological signals in single-cell data, thus uncovering underlying biological processes. SiFT applies to a wide range of tasks, from the removal of unwanted variation in the data to revealing hidden biological structures. We demonstrate how SiFT enhances the liver circadian signal by filtering spatial zonation, recovers regenerative cell subpopulations in spatially-resolved liver data, and exposes COVID-19 disease-related cells, pathways, and dynamics by filtering healthy reference signals. SiFT performs the correction at the gene expression level, can scale to large datasets, and compares favorably to state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Piran
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mor Nitzan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Long X, Wei J, Fang Q, Yuan X, Du J. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the transcriptional heterogeneity of Tbx18-positive cardiac cells during heart development. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:18. [PMID: 38265516 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01290-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The T-box family transcription factor 18 (Tbx18) has been found to play a critical role in regulating the development of the mammalian heart during the primary stages of embryonic development while the cellular heterogeneity and landscape of Tbx18-positive (Tbx18+) cardiac cells remain incompletely characterized. Here, we analyzed prior published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) mouse heart data to explore the heterogeneity of Tbx18+ cardiac cell subpopulations and provide a comprehensive transcriptional landscape of Tbx18+ cardiac cells during their development. Bioinformatic analysis methods were utilized to identify the heterogeneity between cell groups. Based on the gene expression characteristics, Tbx18+ cardiac cells can be classified into a minimum of two distinct cell populations, namely fibroblast-like cells and cardiomyocytes. In terms of temporal heterogeneity, these cells exhibit three developmental stages, namely the MEM stage, ML_P0 stage, and P stage Tbx18+ cardiac cells. Furthermore, Tbx18+ cardiac cells encompass several cell types, including cardiac progenitor-like cells, cardiomyocytes, and epicardial/stromal cells, as determined by specific transcriptional regulatory networks. The scRNA-seq results revealed the involvement of extracellular matrix (ECM) signals and epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the development of Tbx18+ cardiac cells. The utilization of a lineage-tracing model served to validate the crucial function of Tbx18 in the differentiation of cardiac cells. Consequently, these findings offer a comprehensive depiction of the cellular heterogeneity within Tbx18+ cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Long
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jiangjun Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qinghua Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Jianlin Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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131
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Pang Z, Cravatt BF, Ye L. Deciphering Drug Targets and Actions with Single-Cell and Spatial Resolution. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:507-526. [PMID: 37722721 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-033123-123610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in chemical, molecular, and genetic approaches have provided us with an unprecedented capacity to identify drug-target interactions across the whole proteome and genome. Meanwhile, rapid developments of single-cell and spatial omics technologies are revolutionizing our understanding of the molecular architecture of biological systems. However, a significant gap remains in how we align our understanding of drug actions, traditionally based on molecular affinities, with the in vivo cellular and spatial tissue heterogeneity revealed by these newer techniques. Here, we review state-of-the-art methods for profiling drug-target interactions and emerging multiomics tools to delineate the tissue heterogeneity at single-cell resolution. Highlighting the recent technical advances enabling high-resolution, multiplexable in situ small-molecule drug imaging (clearing-assisted tissue click chemistry, or CATCH), we foresee the integration of single-cell and spatial omics platforms, data, and concepts into the future framework of defining and understanding in vivo drug-target interactions and mechanisms of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Pang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA;
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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132
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Abstract
Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) is a serious and common side effect of anthracycline therapy. Identification of genes and genetic variants associated with AIC risk has clinical potential as a cardiotoxicity predictive tool and to allow the development of personalized therapies. In this review, we provide an overview of the function of known AIC genes identified by association studies and categorize them based on their mechanistic implication in AIC. We also discuss the importance of functional validation of AIC-associated variants in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) to advance the implementation of genetic predictive biomarkers. Finally, we review how patient-specific hiPSC-CMs can be used to identify novel patient-relevant functional targets and for the discovery of cardioprotectant drugs to prevent AIC. Implementation of functional validation and use of hiPSC-CMs for drug discovery will identify the next generation of highly effective and personalized cardioprotectants and accelerate the inclusion of approved AIC biomarkers into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina B Cejas
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA;
| | - Kateryna Petrykey
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yadav Sapkota
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul W Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA;
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133
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Shumliakivska M, Luxán G, Hemmerling I, Scheller M, Li X, Müller-Tidow C, Schuhmacher B, Sun Z, Dendorfer A, Debes A, Glaser SF, Muhly-Reinholz M, Kirschbaum K, Hoffmann J, Nagel E, Puntmann VO, Cremer S, Leuschner F, Abplanalp WT, John D, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S. DNMT3A clonal hematopoiesis-driver mutations induce cardiac fibrosis by paracrine activation of fibroblasts. Nat Commun 2024; 15:606. [PMID: 38242884 PMCID: PMC10799021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic mutations in epigenetic regulators like DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A), play a pivotal role in driving clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), and are associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients suffering from heart failure (HF). However, the precise interactions between CHIP-mutated cells and other cardiac cell types remain unknown. Here, we identify fibroblasts as potential partners in interactions with CHIP-mutated monocytes. We used combined transcriptomic data derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HF patients, both with and without CHIP, and cardiac tissue. We demonstrate that inactivation of DNMT3A in macrophages intensifies interactions with cardiac fibroblasts and increases cardiac fibrosis. DNMT3A inactivation amplifies the release of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor, thereby facilitating activation of cardiac fibroblasts. These findings identify a potential pathway of DNMT3A CHIP-driver mutations to the initiation and progression of HF and may also provide a compelling basis for the development of innovative anti-fibrotic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Shumliakivska
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Guillermo Luxán
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Inga Hemmerling
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Scheller
- Department of Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bianca Schuhmacher
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zhengwu Sun
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 68, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Andreas Dendorfer
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 68, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Alisa Debes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Simone-Franziska Glaser
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marion Muhly-Reinholz
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klara Kirschbaum
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jedrzej Hoffmann
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eike Nagel
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Valentina O Puntmann
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cremer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wesley Tyler Abplanalp
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David John
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
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134
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Brown GE, Han YD, Michell AR, Ly OT, Vanoye CG, Spanghero E, George AL, Darbar D, Khetani SR. Engineered cocultures of iPSC-derived atrial cardiomyocytes and atrial fibroblasts for modeling atrial fibrillation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadg1222. [PMID: 38241367 PMCID: PMC10798559 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia treatable with antiarrhythmic drugs; however, patient responses remain highly variable. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes (iPSC-aCMs) are useful for discovering precision therapeutics, but current platforms yield phenotypically immature cells and are not easily scalable for high-throughput screening. Here, primary adult atrial, but not ventricular, fibroblasts induced greater functional iPSC-aCM maturation, partly through connexin-40 and ephrin-B1 signaling. We developed a protein patterning process within multiwell plates to engineer patterned iPSC-aCM and atrial fibroblast coculture (PC) that significantly enhanced iPSC-aCM structural, electrical, contractile, and metabolic maturation for 6+ weeks compared to conventional mono-/coculture. PC displayed greater sensitivity for detecting drug efficacy than monoculture and enabled the modeling and pharmacological or gene editing treatment of an AF-like electrophysiological phenotype due to a mutated sodium channel. Overall, PC is useful for elucidating cell signaling in the atria, drug screening, and modeling AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E. Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yong Duk Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ashlin R. Michell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olivia T. Ly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carlos G. Vanoye
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Emanuele Spanghero
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alfred L. George
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dawood Darbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Salman R. Khetani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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135
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Kiessling P, Kuppe C. Spatial multi-omics: novel tools to study the complexity of cardiovascular diseases. Genome Med 2024; 16:14. [PMID: 38238823 PMCID: PMC10795303 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Spatial multi-omic studies have emerged as a promising approach to comprehensively analyze cells in tissues, enabling the joint analysis of multiple data modalities like transcriptome, epigenome, proteome, and metabolome in parallel or even the same tissue section. This review focuses on the recent advancements in spatial multi-omics technologies, including novel data modalities and computational approaches. We discuss the advancements in low-resolution and high-resolution spatial multi-omics methods which can resolve up to 10,000 of individual molecules at subcellular level. By applying and integrating these techniques, researchers have recently gained valuable insights into the molecular circuits and mechanisms which govern cell biology along the cardiovascular disease spectrum. We provide an overview of current data analysis approaches, with a focus on data integration of multi-omic datasets, highlighting strengths and weaknesses of various computational pipelines. These tools play a crucial role in analyzing and interpreting spatial multi-omics datasets, facilitating the discovery of new findings, and enhancing translational cardiovascular research. Despite nontrivial challenges, such as the need for standardization of experimental setups, data analysis, and improved computational tools, the application of spatial multi-omics holds tremendous potential in revolutionizing our understanding of human disease processes and the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Exciting opportunities lie ahead for the spatial multi-omics field and will likely contribute to the advancement of personalized medicine for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kiessling
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kuppe
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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136
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Cochran JD, Leathers TA, Maldosevic E, Siejda KW, Vitello J, Lee H, Bradley LA, Young A, Jomaa A, Wolf MJ. Cell cycle specific, differentially tagged ribosomal proteins to measure phase specific transcriptomes from asynchronously cycling cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1623. [PMID: 38238470 PMCID: PMC10796924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Asynchronously cycling cells pose a challenge to the accurate characterization of phase-specific gene expression. Current strategies, including RNAseq, survey the steady state gene expression across the cell cycle and are inherently limited by their inability to resolve dynamic gene regulatory networks. Single cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) can identify different cell cycle transcriptomes if enough cycling cells are present, however some cells are not amenable to scRNAseq. Therefore, we merged two powerful strategies, the CDT1 and GMNN degrons used in Fluorescent Ubiquitination-based Cell Cycle Indicator (FUCCI) cell cycle sensors and the ribosomal protein epitope tagging used in RiboTrap/Tag technologies to isolate cell cycle phase-specific mRNA for sequencing. The resulting cell cycle dependent, tagged ribosomal proteins (ccTaggedRP) were differentially expressed during the cell cycle, had similar subcellular locations as endogenous ribosomal proteins, incorporated into ribosomes and polysomes, and facilitated the recovery of cell cycle phase-specific RNA for sequencing. ccTaggedRP has broad applications to investigate phase-specific gene expression in complex cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Cochran
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tess A Leathers
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Emir Maldosevic
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Klara W Siejda
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Julian Vitello
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Haesol Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Leigh A Bradley
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alex Young
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ahmad Jomaa
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Matthew J Wolf
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Medical Research Building 5 (MR5), Room G213, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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137
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Ramos-Medina MJ, Echeverría-Garcés G, Kyriakidis NC, León Cáceres Á, Ortiz-Prado E, Bautista J, Pérez-Meza ÁA, Abad-Sojos A, Nieto-Jaramillo K, Espinoza-Ferrao S, Ocaña-Paredes B, López-Cortés A. CardiOmics signatures reveal therapeutically actionable targets and drugs for cardiovascular diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23682. [PMID: 38187312 PMCID: PMC10770621 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with heart failure being a complex condition that affects millions of individuals. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing has recently emerged as a powerful tool for unraveling the molecular mechanisms behind cardiovascular diseases. This cutting-edge technology enables the identification of molecular signatures, intracellular networks, and spatial relationships among cardiac cells, including cardiomyocytes, mast cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, lymphatic endothelial cells, endocardial cells, endothelial cells, epicardial cells, adipocytes, fibroblasts, neuronal cells, pericytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Despite these advancements, the discovery of essential therapeutic targets and drugs for precision cardiology remains a challenge. To bridge this gap, we conducted comprehensive in silico analyses of single-nucleus RNA sequencing data, functional enrichment, protein interactome network, and identification of the shortest pathways to physiological phenotypes. This integrated multi-omics analysis generated CardiOmics signatures, which allowed us to pinpoint three therapeutically actionable targets (ADRA1A1, PPARG, and ROCK2) and 15 effective drugs, including adrenergic receptor agonists, adrenergic receptor antagonists, norepinephrine precursors, PPAR receptor agonists, and Rho-associated kinase inhibitors, involved in late-stage cardiovascular disease clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Ramos-Medina
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Echeverría-Garcés
- Centro de Referencia Nacional de Genómica, Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, Quito, Ecuador
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Santiago, Chile
| | - Nikolaos C. Kyriakidis
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ángela León Cáceres
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Esteban Ortiz-Prado
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jhommara Bautista
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Álvaro A. Pérez-Meza
- Escuela de Medicina, Colegio de Ciencias de La Salud COCSA, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Karol Nieto-Jaramillo
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuqui, Ecuador
| | | | - Belén Ocaña-Paredes
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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138
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Zhang M, Liu Q, Meng H, Duan H, Liu X, Wu J, Gao F, Wang S, Tan R, Yuan J. Ischemia-reperfusion injury: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:12. [PMID: 38185705 PMCID: PMC10772178 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury paradoxically occurs during reperfusion following ischemia, exacerbating the initial tissue damage. The limited understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying I/R injury hinders the development of effective therapeutic interventions. The Wnt signaling pathway exhibits extensive crosstalk with various other pathways, forming a network system of signaling pathways involved in I/R injury. This review article elucidates the underlying mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling, as well as the complex interplay between Wnt and other pathways, including Notch, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, transforming growth factor-β, nuclear factor kappa, bone morphogenetic protein, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-Ca2+-Activin A, Hippo-Yes-associated protein, toll-like receptor 4/toll-interleukine-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β, and hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor. In particular, we delve into their respective contributions to key pathological processes, including apoptosis, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, cell hypertrophy, fibrosis, ferroptosis, neurogenesis, and blood-brain barrier damage during I/R injury. Our comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling during I/R reveals that activation of the canonical Wnt pathway promotes organ recovery, while activation of the non-canonical Wnt pathways exacerbates injury. Moreover, we explore novel therapeutic approaches based on these mechanistic findings, incorporating evidence from animal experiments, current standards, and clinical trials. The objective of this review is to provide deeper insights into the roles of Wnt and its crosstalk signaling pathways in I/R-mediated processes and organ dysfunction, to facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic agents for I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Gao
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic medical school, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.
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139
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Turaga D, Li X, Zhao Y, Tsai CR, Moreira A, Hickey E, Adachi I, Martin J. Single nucleus transcriptome of a "Super RV" shows increased insulin and angiogenesis signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.28.569092. [PMID: 38196630 PMCID: PMC10775419 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.28.569092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The right ventricle (RV) is one of the four pumping chambers of the heart, pumping blood to the lungs. In severe forms of congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension, the RV is made to pump into the systemic circulation. Such systemic RVs typically display early failure due to pressure overload. In rare cases a systemic RV persists into later decades of life - colloquially called a 'Super RV'. Here we present the single-nucleus transcriptome of a systemic RV from a 60-year-old with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (ccTGA). Our data shows two specific signaling pathways enriched in the ccTGA RV myocardium. First, we show increased insulin like growth factor (IGF1) signaling within the systemic RV myocardium: there is increased expression of the main receptor IGFR1 within the cardiomyocytes, and IGF1 ligands within the cardiofibroblasts and macrophages. Second, we find increased VEGF and Wnt9 ligand expression in cardiomyocytes and increased VEGF1R and Wnt9 receptors in endothelial cells, which are implicated in angiogenesis. We show that increased insulin and angiogenesis signaling are potentially beneficial RV adaptations to increased pressure overload. This study of an adult systemic RV provides an important framework for understanding RV remodeling to systemic pressures in congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwakar Turaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston TX, USA
| | - Chang-Ru Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Axel Moreira
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Iki Adachi
- The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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140
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Jurado MR, Tombor LS, Arsalan M, Holubec T, Emrich F, Walther T, Abplanalp W, Fischer A, Zeiher AM, Schulz MH, Dimmeler S, John D. Improved integration of single-cell transcriptome data demonstrates common and unique signatures of heart failure in mice and humans. Gigascience 2024; 13:giae011. [PMID: 38573186 PMCID: PMC10993718 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular research heavily relies on mouse (Mus musculus) models to study disease mechanisms and to test novel biomarkers and medications. Yet, applying these results to patients remains a major challenge and often results in noneffective drugs. Therefore, it is an open challenge of translational science to develop models with high similarities and predictive value. This requires a comparison of disease models in mice with diseased tissue derived from humans. RESULTS To compare the transcriptional signatures at single-cell resolution, we implemented an integration pipeline called OrthoIntegrate, which uniquely assigns orthologs and therewith merges single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) RNA of different species. The pipeline has been designed to be as easy to use and is fully integrable in the standard Seurat workflow.We applied OrthoIntegrate on scRNA-seq from cardiac tissue of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and scRNA-seq from the mice after chronic infarction, which is a commonly used mouse model to mimic HFrEF. We discovered shared and distinct regulatory pathways between human HFrEF patients and the corresponding mouse model. Overall, 54% of genes were commonly regulated, including major changes in cardiomyocyte energy metabolism. However, several regulatory pathways (e.g., angiogenesis) were specifically regulated in humans. CONCLUSIONS The demonstration of unique pathways occurring in humans indicates limitations on the comparability between mice models and human HFrEF and shows that results from the mice model should be validated carefully. OrthoIntegrate is publicly accessible (https://github.com/MarianoRuzJurado/OrthoIntegrate) and can be used to integrate other large datasets to provide a general comparison of models with patient data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Ruz Jurado
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lukas S Tombor
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mani Arsalan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tomas Holubec
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Fabian Emrich
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Walther
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Goethe University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wesley Abplanalp
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ariane Fischer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David John
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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141
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Egorov D, Kopaliani I, Ameln AKV, Speier S, Deussen A. Mechanism of pro-MMP9 activation in co-culture of pro-inflammatory macrophages and cardiomyocytes. Exp Cell Res 2024; 434:113868. [PMID: 38043722 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A wide range of cardiac diseases is associated with inflammation. "Inflamed" heart tissue is infiltrated with pro-inflammatory macrophages which extensively secrete matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), a regulator of extracellular matrix turnover. As MMP9 is released from macrophages in a latent form, it requires activation. The present study addresses the role of cardiomyocytes in the course of this activation process. METHODS AND RESULTS In mono- and co-cultures of pro-inflammatory rat macrophages (bone marrow-derived and peritoneal) and cardiomyocytes (H9C2 cell line) gelatin zymography demonstrated that activated macrophages robustly secreted latent pro-MMP9, whereas cardiomyocytes could not produce the enzyme. Co-culturing of the two cell species was critical for pro-MMP9 activation and was also accompanied by processing of cardiomyocyte-secreted pro-MMP2. A cascade of pro-MMP9 activation was initiated on macrophage membrane with pro-MMP2 cleavage. Namely, pro-inflammatory macrophages expressed an active membrane type 1 MMP (MT1MMP), which activated pro-MMP2, which in turn converted pro-MMP9. Downregulation of MT1MMP in macrophages by siRNA abolished activation of both pro-MMP2 and pro-MMP9 in co-culture. In addition, both cell species secreted MMP13 as a further pro-MMP9 activator. In co-culture, activation of pro-MMP13 occurred on membranes of macrophages and was enhanced in presence of active MMP2. Using incubations with recombinant MMPs and isolated macrophage membranes, we demonstrated that while both MMP2 and MMP13 individually had the ability to activate pro-MMP9, their combined action provided a synergistic effect. CONCLUSION Activation of pro-MMP9 in a co-culture of pro-inflammatory macrophages and cardiomyocytes was the result of a complex interaction of several MMPs on the cell membrane and in the extracellular space. Both cell types contributed critically to pro-MMP9 processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Egorov
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Irakli Kopaliani
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Klotzsche-von Ameln
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zenrtum München at University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Deussen
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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142
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Wei N, Lee C, Duan L, Galdos FX, Samad T, Raissadati A, Goodyer WR, Wu SM. Cardiac Development at a Single-Cell Resolution. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:253-268. [PMID: 38884716 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian cardiac development is a complex, multistage process. Though traditional lineage tracing studies have characterized the broad trajectories of cardiac progenitors, the advent and rapid optimization of single-cell RNA sequencing methods have yielded an ever-expanding toolkit for characterizing heterogeneous cell populations in the developing heart. Importantly, they have allowed for a robust profiling of the spatiotemporal transcriptomic landscape of the human and mouse heart, revealing the diversity of cardiac cells-myocyte and non-myocyte-over the course of development. These studies have yielded insights into novel cardiac progenitor populations, chamber-specific developmental signatures, the gene regulatory networks governing cardiac development, and, thus, the etiologies of congenital heart diseases. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing has allowed for the exquisite characterization of distinct cardiac populations such as the hard-to-capture cardiac conduction system and the intracardiac immune population. Therefore, single-cell profiling has also resulted in new insights into the regulation of cardiac regeneration and injury repair. Single-cell multiomics approaches combining transcriptomics, genomics, and epigenomics may uncover an even more comprehensive atlas of human cardiac biology. Single-cell analyses of the developing and adult mammalian heart offer an unprecedented look into the fundamental mechanisms of cardiac development and the complex diseases that may arise from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Wei
- Stanford University, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carissa Lee
- Stanford University, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Duan
- Stanford University, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Tahmina Samad
- Stanford University, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Sean M Wu
- Stanford University, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.
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143
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Jin Q, Worman HJ. Long live lamins. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202311193. [PMID: 38078930 PMCID: PMC10711805 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202311193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding nuclear lamins cause diseases called laminopathies. In this issue, Hasper et al. (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202307049) show that lamin A/C and the prelamin A variant in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome have relatively long lifetimes in affected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jin
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Howard J. Worman
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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144
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Grunert M, Dorn C, Dopazo A, Sánchez-Cabo F, Vázquez J, Rickert-Sperling S, Lara-Pezzi E. Technologies to Study Genetics and Molecular Pathways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:435-458. [PMID: 38884724 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the study of congenital heart disease (CHD) has benefited from various model systems and the development of molecular biological techniques enabling the analysis of single gene as well as global effects. In this chapter, we first describe different models including CHD patients and their families, animal models ranging from invertebrates to mammals, and various cell culture systems. Moreover, techniques to experimentally manipulate these models are discussed. Second, we introduce cardiac phenotyping technologies comprising the analysis of mouse and cell culture models, live imaging of cardiogenesis, and histological methods for fixed hearts. Finally, the most important and latest molecular biotechniques are described. These include genotyping technologies, different applications of next-generation sequencing, and the analysis of transcriptome, epigenome, proteome, and metabolome. In summary, the models and technologies presented in this chapter are essential to study the function and development of the heart and to understand the molecular pathways underlying CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Grunert
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DiNAQOR AG, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Dorn
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez-Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jésus Vázquez
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Myocardial Homeostasis and Cardiac Injury Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.
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Chen S, Wang K, Wang J, Chen X, Tao M, Shan D, Hua X, Hu S, Song J. Profiling cardiomyocytes at single cell resolution reveals COX7B could be a potential target for attenuating heart failure in cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 186:45-56. [PMID: 37979444 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy can develop to end-stage heart failure (HF), which inevitably leading to heart transplantation or death. Preserving cardiac function in cardiomyocytes (CMs) is essential for improving prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Therefore, understanding transcriptomic heterogeneity of CMs in HCM would be indispensable to aid potential therapeutic targets investigation. We isolated primary CM from HCM patients who had extended septal myectomy, and obtained transcriptomes in 338 human primary CM with single-cell tagged reverse transcription (STRT-seq) approach. Our results revealed that CMs could be categorized into three subsets in nonfailing HCM heart: high energy synthesis cluster, high cellular metabolism cluster and intermediate cluster. The expression of electron transport chain (ETC) was up-regulated in larger-sized CMs from high energy synthesis cluster. Of note, we found the expression of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B (COX7B), a subunit of Complex IV in ETC had trends of positively correlation with CMs size. Further, by assessing COX7B expression in HCM patients, we speculated that COX7B was compensatory up-regulated at early-stage but down-regulated in failing HCM heart. To test the hypothesis that COX7B might participate both in hypertrophy and HF progression, we used adeno associated virus 9 (AAV9) to mediate the expression of Cox7b in pressure overload-induced mice. Mice in vivo data supported that knockdown of Cox7b would accelerate HF and Cox7b overexpression could restore partial cardiac function in hypertrophy. Our result highlights targeting COX7B and preserving energy synthesis in hypertrophic CMs could be a promising translational direction for HF therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Wang
- School of Statistics and Data Science, LPMC and KLMDASR, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Menghao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumeng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Wang Q, Spurlock B, Liu J, Qian L. Fibroblast Reprogramming in Cardiac Repair. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:145-160. [PMID: 38362341 PMCID: PMC10864899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Limited proliferative capacity of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes has prompted researchers to exploit regenerative therapy after myocardial injury, such as myocardial infarction, to attenuate heart dysfunction caused by such injury. Direct cardiac reprogramming is a recently emerged promising approach to repair damaged myocardium by directly converting resident cardiac fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells. The achievement of in vivo direct reprogramming of fibroblasts has been shown, by multiple laboratories independently, to improve cardiac function and mitigate fibrosis post-myocardial infarction, which holds great potential for clinical application. There have been numerous pieces of valuable work in both basic and translational research to enhance our understanding and continued refinement of direct cardiac reprogramming in recent years. However, there remain many challenges to overcome before we can truly take advantage of this technique to treat patients with ischemic cardiac diseases. Here, we review recent progress of fibroblast reprogramming in cardiac repair, including the optimization of several reprogramming strategies, mechanistic exploration, and translational efforts, and we make recommendations for future research to further understand and translate direct cardiac reprogramming from bench to bedside. Challenges relating to these efforts will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaozi Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Spurlock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jiandong Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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147
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Bhattachan P, Jeschke MG. SINGLE-CELL TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE. Shock 2024; 61:19-27. [PMID: 37962963 PMCID: PMC10883422 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The analysis of the single-cell transcriptome has emerged as a powerful tool to gain insights on the basic mechanisms of health and disease. It is widely used to reveal the cellular diversity and complexity of tissues at cellular resolution by RNA sequencing of the whole transcriptome from a single cell. Equally, it is applied to discover an unknown, rare population of cells in the tissue. The prime advantage of single-cell transcriptome analysis is the detection of stochastic nature of gene expression of the cell in tissue. Moreover, the availability of multiple platforms for the single-cell transcriptome has broadened its approaches to using cells of different sizes and shapes, including the capture of short or full-length transcripts, which is helpful in the analysis of challenging biological samples. And with the development of numerous packages in R and Python, new directions in the computational analysis of single-cell transcriptomes can be taken to characterize healthy versus diseased tissues to obtain novel pathological insights. Downstream analysis such as differential gene expression analysis, gene ontology term analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, cell-cell interaction analysis, and trajectory analysis has become standard practice in the workflow of single-cell transcriptome analysis to further examine the biology of different cell types. Here, we provide a broad overview of single-cell transcriptome analysis in health and disease conditions currently applied in various studies.
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148
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Kraler S, Balbi C, Vdovenko D, Lapikova-Bryhinska T, Camici GG, Liberale L, Bonetti N, Canestro CD, Burger F, Roth A, Carbone F, Vassalli G, Mach F, Bhasin S, Wenzl FA, Muller O, Räber L, Matter CM, Montecucco F, Lüscher TF, Akhmedov A. Circulating GDF11 exacerbates myocardial injury in mice and associates with increased infarct size in humans. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2729-2742. [PMID: 37742057 PMCID: PMC10757585 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The heart rejuvenating effects of circulating growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a transforming growth factor-β superfamily member that shares 90% homology with myostatin (MSTN), remains controversial. Here, we aimed to probe the role of GDF11 in acute myocardial infarction (MI), a frequent cause of heart failure and premature death during ageing. METHODS AND RESULTS In contrast to endogenous Mstn, myocardial Gdf11 declined during the course of ageing and was particularly reduced following ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, suggesting a therapeutic potential of GDF11 signalling in MI. Unexpectedly, boosting systemic Gdf11 by recombinant GDF11 delivery (0.1 mg/kg body weight over 30 days) prior to myocardial I/R augmented myocardial infarct size in C57BL/6 mice irrespective of their age, predominantly by accelerating pro-apoptotic signalling. While intrinsic cardioprotective signalling pathways remained unaffected by high circulating GDF11, targeted transcriptomics and immunomapping studies focusing on GDF11-associated downstream targets revealed attenuated Nkx2-5 expression confined to CD105-expressing cells, with pro-apoptotic activity, as assessed by caspase-3 levels, being particularly pronounced in adjacent cells, suggesting an indirect effect. By harnessing a highly specific and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based assay, we show that in prospectively recruited patients with MI circulating GDF11 but not MSTN levels incline with age. Moreover, GDF11 levels were particularly elevated in those at high risk for adverse outcomes following the acute event, with circulating GDF11 emerging as an independent predictor of myocardial infarct size, as estimated by standardized peak creatine kinase-MB levels. CONCLUSION Our data challenge the initially reported heart rejuvenating effects of circulating GDF11 and suggest that high levels of systemic GDF11 exacerbate myocardial injury in mice and humans alike. Persistently high GDF11 levels during ageing may contribute to the age-dependent loss of cardioprotective mechanisms and thus poor outcomes of elderly patients following acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicole Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Candela Diaz Canestro
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Burger
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aline Roth
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vassalli
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shalender Bhasin
- Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian A Wenzl
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Muller
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian M Matter
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- University Heart Center, Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College and Kings College, London, UK
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, Zurich CH-8952, Switzerland
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149
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Liu AB, Li SJ, Yu YY, Zhang JF, Ma L. Current insight on the mechanisms of programmed cell death in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1309719. [PMID: 38161332 PMCID: PMC10754983 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1309719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection, leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction. It is a high-fatality condition associated with a complex interplay of immune and inflammatory responses that can cause severe harm to vital organs. Sepsis-induced myocardial injury (SIMI), as a severe complication of sepsis, significantly affects the prognosis of septic patients and shortens their survival time. For the sake of better administrating hospitalized patients with sepsis, it is necessary to understand the specific mechanisms of SIMI. To date, multiple studies have shown that programmed cell death (PCD) may play an essential role in myocardial injury in sepsis, offering new strategies and insights for the therapeutic aspects of SIMI. This review aims to elucidate the role of cardiomyocyte's programmed death in the pathophysiological mechanisms of SIMI, with a particular focus on the classical pathways, key molecules, and signaling transduction of PCD. It will explore the role of the cross-interaction between different patterns of PCD in SIMI, providing a new theoretical basis for multi-target treatments for SIMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Bu Liu
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Shu-Jing Li
- Department of Pediatrics Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yu
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jun-Fei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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150
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Odogwu NM, Hagen C, Nelson TJ. Transcriptome studies of congenital heart diseases: identifying current gaps and therapeutic frontiers. Front Genet 2023; 14:1278747. [PMID: 38152655 PMCID: PMC10751320 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1278747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) are genetically complex and comprise a wide range of structural defects that often predispose to - early heart failure, a common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Transcriptome studies of CHD in human pediatric patients indicated a broad spectrum of diverse molecular signatures across various types of CHD. In order to advance research on congenital heart diseases (CHDs), we conducted a detailed review of transcriptome studies on this topic. Our analysis identified gaps in the literature, with a particular focus on the cardiac transcriptome signatures found in various biological specimens across different types of CHDs. In addition to translational studies involving human subjects, we also examined transcriptomic analyses of CHDs in a range of model systems, including iPSCs and animal models. We concluded that RNA-seq technology has revolutionized medical research and many of the discoveries from CHD transcriptome studies draw attention to biological pathways that concurrently open the door to a better understanding of cardiac development and related therapeutic avenue. While some crucial impediments to perfectly studying CHDs in this context remain obtaining pediatric cardiac tissue samples, phenotypic variation, and the lack of anatomical/spatial context with model systems. Combining model systems, RNA-seq technology, and integrating algorithms for analyzing transcriptomic data at both single-cell and high throughput spatial resolution is expected to continue uncovering unique biological pathways that are perturbed in CHDs, thus facilitating the development of novel therapy for congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkechi Martina Odogwu
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Clinton Hagen
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Timothy J. Nelson
- Program for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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