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Rivera NA, Novakofski J, Weng HY, Kelly A, Satterthwaite-Phillips D, Ruiz MO, Mateus-Pinilla N. Metals in obex and retropharyngeal lymph nodes of Illinois white-tailed deer and their variations associated with CWD status. Prion 2016; 9:48-58. [PMID: 25695915 PMCID: PMC4601235 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2015.1019194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion proteins (PrP(C)) are cell membrane glycoproteins that can be found in many cell types, but specially in neurons. Many studies have suggested PrP(C)'s participation in metal transport and cellular protection against stress in the central nervous system (CNS). On the other hand PrP(Sc), the misfolded isoform of PrP(C) and the pathogenic agent in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE), has been associated with brain metal dyshomeostasis in prion diseases. Thus, changes in metal concentration associated with protein misfolding and aggregation have been reported for human and animal prion diseases, as well as for other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The use of metal concentrations in tissues as surrogate markers for early detection of TSEs has been suggested. Studies on the accumulation of metals in free-ranging white-tailed deer have not been conducted. This study established concentrations of copper, iron, manganese, and magnesium in 2 diagnostic tissues used for CWD testing (obex and retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLN)). We compared these concentrations between tissues and in relation to CWD status. We established reference intervals (RIs) for these metals and explored their ability to discriminate between CWD-positive and CWD-negative animals. Our results indicate that independent of CWD status, white-tailed deer accumulate higher concentrations of Fe, Mn and Mg in RLN than in obex. White-tailed deer infected with CWD accumulated significantly lower concentrations of Mn and Fe than CWD-negative deer. These patterns differed from other species infected with prion diseases. Overlapping values between CWD positive and negative groups indicate that evaluation of these metals in obex and RLN may not be appropriate as a diagnostic tool for CWD infection in white-tailed deer. Because the CWD-negative deer were included in constructing the RIs, high specificities were expected and should be interpreted with caution. Due to the low sensitivity derived from the RIs, we do not recommend using metal concentrations for disease discrimination.
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Key Words
- AAS, atomic absorption spectroscopy
- AD, Alzheimer disease
- ASVCP, American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology
- BBB, blood brain barrier
- CI, confidence intervals
- CNS, central nervous system
- CP, choroid plexus
- CWD, chronic wasting disease
- Cu, copper
- Fe, iron
- ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
- IDNR, Illinois Department of Natural Resources
- ISTC, Illinois Sustainable Technology Center
- ISWS, Illinois State Water Survey
- Mg, magnesium
- Mn, manganese
- PD, Parkinson disease
- PRNP, prion protein gene
- PrPC, cellular prion protein
- PrPSc, abnormal isoform of prion protein
- RIs, reference intervals
- RLN, retropharyngeal lymph nodes
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- SSURGO, Soil Survey Geographic database
- STATSGO, State Soil Geographic Database
- TSE, transmissible spongiform enchephalopathies
- Tf, transferrin
- TfR, transferrin receptors
- chronic wasting disease
- copper
- iron
- magnesium
- manganese
- metals imbalance
- prion
- transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelda A Rivera
- a Illinois Natural History Survey ; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ; Champaign , IL USA
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102
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Iglesias-González J, Sánchez-Iglesias S, Beiras-Iglesias A, Méndez-Álvarez E, Soto-Otero R. Effects of Aluminium on Rat Brain Mitochondria Bioenergetics: an In vitro and In vivo Study. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:563-570. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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103
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Rowińska-Żyrek M. Coordination of Zn2+ and Cu2+ to the membrane disrupting fragment of amylin. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:8099-106. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00628k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amylin, a small peptide co-secreted from pancreatic β-cells together with insulin, is one of the hallmarks of type II diabetes.
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104
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An improved Bathocuproine assay for accurate valence identification and quantification of copper bound by biomolecules. Anal Biochem 2015; 497:27-35. [PMID: 26743717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential metal in all organisms. Reliably quantifying and identifying the copper content and oxidation state is crucial, since the information is essential to understanding protein structure and function. Chromophoric ligands, such as Bathocuproine (BC) and its water-soluble analog, Bathocuproinedisulfonic acid (BCS), preferentially bind Cu(I) over Cu(II), and therefore have been widely used as optical probes to determine the oxidation state of copper bound by biomolecules. However, the BCS assay is commonly misused, leading to erroneous conclusions regarding the role of copper in biological processes. By measuring the redox potential of Cu(II)-BCS2 and conducting UV-vis absorption measurements in the presence of oxidizable amino acids, the thermodynamic origin of the potential artifacts becomes evident. The BCS assay was improved by introducing a strong Cu(II) chelator EDTA prior to the addition of BCS to prevent interference that might arise from Cu(II) present in the sample. The strong Cu(II) chelator rids of all the potential errors inherent in the conventional BCS assay. Applications of the improved assay to peptides and protein containing oxidizable amino acid residues confirm that free Cu(II) no longer leads to artifacts, thereby resolving issues related to this persistently misused colorimetric assay of Cu(I) in biological systems.
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105
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Mitra S, Siddiqui WA, Khandelwal S. Differential susceptibility of brain regions to tributyltin chloride toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1393-1405. [PMID: 24895210 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT), a well-known endocrine disruptor, is an omnipresent environmental pollutant and is explicitly used in many industrial applications. Previously we have shown its neurotoxic potential on cerebral cortex of male Wistar rats. As the effect of TBT on other brain regions is not known, we planned this study to evaluate its effect on four brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and striatum). Four-week-old male Wistar rats were gavaged with a single dose of TBT-chloride (TBTC) (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) and sacrificed on days 3 and 7, respectively. Effect of TBTC on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and tin (Sn) accumulation were measured. Oxidative stress indexes such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation were analyzed as they play an imperative role in various neuropathological conditions. Since metal catalyzed reactions are a major source of oxidant generation, levels of essential metals like iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) were estimated. We found that TBTC disrupted BBB and increased Sn accumulation, both of which appear significantly correlated. Altered metal homeostasis and ROS generation accompanied by elevated lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation indicated oxidative damage which appeared more pronounced in the striatum than in cerebellum, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. This could be associated to the depleted GSH levels in striatum. These results suggest that striatum is more susceptible to TBTC induced oxidative damage as compared with other brain regions under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumonto Mitra
- Immunotoxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Waseem A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Khandelwal
- Immunotoxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
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106
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Roggatz CC, González-Wangüemert M, Pereira H, Rodrigues MJ, da Silva MM, Barreira L, Varela J, Custódio L. First report of the nutritional profile and antioxidant potential of Holothuria arguinensis, a new resource for aquaculture in Europe. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:2034-40. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1107555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina C. Roggatz
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Hugo Pereira
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Manuela Moreira da Silva
- Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barreira
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - João Varela
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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107
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Part K, Künnis-Beres K, Poska H, Land T, Shimmo R, Zetterström Fernaeus S. Amyloid β25-35 induced ROS-burst through NADPH oxidase is sensitive to iron chelation in microglial Bv2 cells. Brain Res 2015; 1629:282-90. [PMID: 26505916 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Iron chelation therapy and inhibition of glial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase can both represent possible routes for Alzheimer's disease modifying therapies. The metal hypothesis is largely focused on direct binding of metals to the N-terminal hydrophilic 1-16 domain peptides of Amyloid beta (Aβ) and how they jointly give rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The cytotoxic effects of Aβ through ROS and metals are mainly studied in neuronal cells using full-length Aβ1-40/42 peptides. Here we study cellularly-derived ROS during 2-60min in response to non-metal associated mid domain Aβ25-35 in microglial Bv2 cells by fluorescence based spectroscopy. We analyze if Aβ25-35 induce ROS production through NADPH oxidase and if the production is sensitive to iron chelation. NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyliodonium (DPI) is used to confirm the production of ROS through NADPH oxidase. We modulate cellular iron homeostasis by applying cell permeable iron chelators desferrioxamine (DFO) and deferiprone (DFP). NADPH oxidase subunit gp91-phox level was analyzed by Western blotting. Our results show that Aβ25-35 induces strong ROS production through NADPH oxidase in Bv2 microglial cells. Intracellular iron depletion resulted in restrained Aβ25-35 induced ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Part
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva Mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Kai Künnis-Beres
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva Mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Helen Poska
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva Mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Tiit Land
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva Mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Ruth Shimmo
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva Mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia.
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108
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109
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Kamalinia G, Khodagholi F, Shaerzadeh F, Tavssolian F, Chaharband F, Atyabi F, Sharifzadeh M, Amini M, Dinarvand R. Cationic Albumin-Conjugated Chelating Agent as a Novel Brain Drug Delivery System in Neurodegeneration. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:1203-14. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Kamalinia
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
- Nano Alvand Co.; Avicenna Tech Park; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1439955991 Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 196151178 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaerzadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 196151178 Iran
| | - Faranak Tavssolian
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Chaharband
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 141556451 Iran
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 141556451 Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
- Nanotechnology Research Center; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
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110
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Pereira H, Custódio L, Rodrigues MJ, de Sousa CB, Oliveira M, Barreira L, Neng NDR, Nogueira JMF, Alrokayan SA, Mouffouk F, Abu-Salah KM, Ben-Hamadou R, Varela J. Biological Activities and Chemical Composition of Methanolic Extracts of Selected Autochthonous Microalgae Strains from the Red Sea. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:3531-49. [PMID: 26047482 PMCID: PMC4483643 DOI: 10.3390/md13063531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Four lipid-rich microalgal species from the Red Sea belonging to three different genera (Nannochloris, Picochlorum and Desmochloris), previously isolated as novel biodiesel feedstocks, were bioprospected for high-value, bioactive molecules. Methanol extracts were thus prepared from freeze-dried biomass and screened for different biological activities. Nannochloris sp. SBL1 and Desmochloris sp. SBL3 had the highest radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and the best copper and iron chelating activities. All species had potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (>50%) and mildly inhibited tyrosinase. Picochlorum sp. SBL2 and Nannochloris sp. SBL4 extracts significantly reduced the viability of tumoral (HepG2 and HeLa) cells with lower toxicity against the non-tumoral murine stromal (S17) cells. Nannochloris sp. SBL1 significantly reduced the viability of Leishmania infantum down to 62% (250 µg/mL). Picochlorum sp. SBL2 had the highest total phenolic content, the major phenolic compounds identified being salicylic, coumaric and gallic acids. Neoxanthin, violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein and β-carotene were identified in the extracts of all strains, while canthaxanthin was only identified in Picochlorum sp. SBL2. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the microalgae included in this work could be used as sources of added-value products that could be used to upgrade the final biomass value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | | | | | - Marta Oliveira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Barreira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
| | - Nuno da Rosa Neng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, Lisbon 1749-016, Portugal.
| | - José Manuel Florêncio Nogueira
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, Lisbon 1749-016, Portugal.
| | - Salman A Alrokayan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fouzi Mouffouk
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait.
| | - Khalid M Abu-Salah
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Radhouan Ben-Hamadou
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - João Varela
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal.
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111
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Tiwari V, Solanki V, Tiwari M. In-vivoandin-vitrotechniques used to investigate Alzheimer's disease. FRONTIERS IN LIFE SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2015.1044129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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112
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Ma Y, Hider RC. Novel synthetic approach to fluoro- and amido-disubstituted 3-hydroxypyridin-4-ones. J Fluor Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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113
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Derrick JS, Lim MH. Tools of the Trade: Investigations into Design Strategies of Small Molecules to Target Components in Alzheimer's Disease. Chembiochem 2015; 16:887-98. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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114
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Basu Baul TS, Kundu S, Singh P, Shaveta, Guedes da Silva MFC. Insight into inhibition of the human amyloid beta protein precursor (APP: PDB ID ) using (E)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)arylamine (LR) models: structure elucidation of a family of ZnX2-LR complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:2359-69. [PMID: 25534782 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03151b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) and its neurotoxic cleavage product amyloid beta (Aβ) are a cause of Alzheimer's disease and appear essential for neuronal development and cell homeostasis. Proteolytic processing of APP is influenced by metal ions and protein ligands, however the structural and functional mechanism of APP regulation is not known so far. In this context, molecular modeling studies were performed to understand the molecular behavior of (E)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)arylamines (LR) with an E2 domain of the APP in its complex with zinc (APP; PDB ID: ). Docking results indeed confirmed that the LR interacts with Zn in the binding site of the protein between two α-helical chains. In view of these findings, LR was further investigated for complexation reactions with Zn(2+) in order to establish the structural models in solution and in the solid state. Five new Zn(2+) complexes of compositions viz. [Zn(Br)2(L2-Me)] (), [Zn(Br)2(L2-OMe)] (), [Zn(i)2(L2-OMe)] (), [Zn(NO3)2(L2-OMe)(H2O)] () and [Zn(L4-Me)2(H2O)2](NO3)2 () were synthesized and their structures were ascertained by microanalysis, IR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The zinc atom in complex exhibits a distorted tetrahedral geometry while the crystal structures of complexes and show distorted square pyramidal geometries. The zinc cation in and has an octahedral coordination environment, but in the zinc coordination geometry is less distorted. The Zn(ii) cations take part in one ( and ) or two () 5-membered metallacycles imposed by the NN or NNO chelation modes of LR. The significant intermolecular ππ interactions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar S Basu Baul
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, NEHU Permanent Campus, Umshing, Shillong 793 022, India.
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115
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Rowinska-Zyrek M, Salerno M, Kozlowski H. Neurodegenerative diseases – Understanding their molecular bases and progress in the development of potential treatments. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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116
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Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Velez-Pardo C. Alzheimer’s Disease, Drosophila melanogaster and Polyphenols. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 863:21-53. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18365-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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117
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Klang IM, Schilling B, Sorensen DJ, Sahu AK, Kapahi P, Andersen JK, Swoboda P, Killilea DW, Gibson BW, Lithgow GJ. Iron promotes protein insolubility and aging in C. elegans. Aging (Albany NY) 2014; 6:975-91. [PMID: 25554795 PMCID: PMC4276790 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Many late-onset proteotoxic diseases are accompanied by a disruption in homeostasis of metals (metallostasis) including iron, copper and zinc. Although aging is the most prominent risk factor for these disorders, the impact of aging on metallostasis and its role in proteotoxic disease remain poorly understood. Moreover, it is not clear whether a loss of metallostasis influences normal aging. We have investigated the role of metallostasis in longevity ofCaenorhabditis elegans. We found that calcium, copper, iron, and manganese levels increase as a function of age, while potassium and phosphorus levels tend to decrease. Increased dietary iron significantly accelerated the age-related accumulation of insoluble protein, a molecular pathology of aging. Proteomic analysis revealed widespread effects of dietary iron in multiple organelles and tissues. Pharmacological interventions to block accumulation of specific metals attenuated many models of proteotoxicity and extended normal lifespan. Collectively, these results suggest that a loss of metallostasis with aging contributes to age-related protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida M. Klang
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Pankaj Kapahi
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | | | - Peter Swoboda
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - David W. Killilea
- Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Bradford W. Gibson
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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118
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Sui B, Tang S, Liu T, Kim B, Belfield KD. Novel BODIPY-based fluorescence turn-on sensor for Fe3+ and its bioimaging application in living cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:18408-18412. [PMID: 25337695 DOI: 10.1021/am506262u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) based fluorescence turn-on sensor for detecting Fe(3+) in aqueous media is reported with 23-fold fluorescence enhancement. The sensor is comprised of a combination of BODIPY fluorophore and a new Fe(3+)-recognizing cryptand that exhibits high selectivity, sensitivity, and reversibility toward Fe(3+) detection. Cell imaging studies demonstrate that this sensor is capable of sensing Fe(3+) in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Sui
- Department of Chemistry and ‡CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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119
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Abnormal metal levels in the primary visual pathway of the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma. Biometals 2014; 27:1291-301. [PMID: 25190614 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine metal ion levels in central visual system structures of the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure levels of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and calcium (Ca) in the retina and retinal projection of 5-month (pre-glaucomatous) and 10-month (glaucomatous) old DBA/2J mice and age-matched C57BL/6J controls. We used microbeam X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) spectrometry to determine the spatial distribution of Fe, Zn, and Cu in the superior colliculus (SC), which is the major retinal target in rodents and one of the earliest sites of pathology in the DBA/2J mouse. Our ICP-MS experiments showed that glaucomatous DBA/2J had lower retinal Fe concentrations than pre-glaucomatous DBA/2J and age-matched C57BL/6J mice. Pre-glaucomatous DBA/2J retina had greater Mg, Ca, and Zn concentrations than glaucomatous DBA/2J and greater Mg and Ca than age-matched controls. Retinal Mn levels were significantly deficient in glaucomatous DBA/2J mice compared to aged-matched C57BL/6J and pre-glaucomatous DBA/2J mice. Regardless of age, the SC of C57BL/6J mice contained greater Fe, Mg, Mn, and Zn concentrations than the SC of DBA/2J mice. Greater Fe concentrations were measured by μ-XRF in both the superficial and deep SC of C57BL/6J mice than in DBA/2J mice. For the first time, we show direct measurement of metal concentrations in central visual system structures affected in glaucoma and present evidence for strain-related differences in metal content that may be specific to glaucomatous pathology.
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120
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Joshi-Barr S, de Gracia Lux C, Mahmoud E, Almutairi A. Exploiting oxidative microenvironments in the body as triggers for drug delivery systems. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:730-54. [PMID: 24328819 PMCID: PMC4098119 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) play an important role in cell signaling pathways. However, the increased production of these species may disrupt cellular homeostasis, giving rise to pathological conditions. Biomaterials that are responsive to ROS/RNS can be strategically used to specifically release therapeutics and diagnostic agents to regions undergoing oxidative stress. RECENT ADVANCES Many nanocarriers intended to exploit redox micro-environments as triggers for drug release, summarized and compared in this review, have recently been developed. We describe these carriers' chemical structures, strategies for payload protection and oxidation-selective release, and ROS/RNS sensitivity as tested in initial studies. CRITICAL ISSUES ROS/RNS are unstable, so reliable measures of their concentrations in various conditions are scarce. Combined with the dearth of materials shown to respond to physiologically relevant levels of ROS/RNS, evaluations of their true sensitivity are difficult. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Oxidation-responsive nanocarriers developed thus far show tremendous potential for applicability in vivo; however, the sensitivity of these chemistries needs to be fine tuned to enable responses to physiological levels of ROS and RNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanjali Joshi-Barr
- 1 Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Bioresponsive Materials, University of California , San Diego, San Diego, California
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121
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Perfeito R, Lázaro DF, Outeiro TF, Rego AC. Linking alpha-synuclein phosphorylation to reactive oxygen species formation and mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 2014; 62:51-9. [PMID: 25109238 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a soluble protein highly enriched in presynaptic terminals of neurons. Accumulation of α-syn as intracellular filamentous aggregates is a pathological feature of sporadic and familial forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Changes in α-syn post-translational modifications, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress constitute key pathogenic events of this disorder. Here we assessed the correlation between α-syn phosphorylation at serine 129 (Ser129), the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells expressing A53T mutant or wild-type (WT) α-syn, exposed to ferrous iron (FeSO4) and rotenone (complex I inhibitor). Under basal conditions, prolonged expression of A53T mutant α-syn altered mitochondria morphology, increased superoxide formation and phosphorylation at Ser129, which was linked to decreased activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Exposure to FeSO4 or rotenone enhanced intracellular ROS levels, including superoxide anions, in both types of cells, along with α-syn Ser129 phosphorylation and mitochondrial depolarization. Most of these changes were largely evident in A53T mutant α-syn expressing cells. Overall, the data suggest that stimuli that promote ROS formation and mitochondrial alterations highly correlate with mutant α-syn phosphorylation at Ser129, which may precede cell degeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Perfeito
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana F Lázaro
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Cell and Molecular Neuroscience Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Cristina Rego
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Asthana A, Bollapalli M, Tangirala R, Bakthisaran R, Mohan Rao C. Hsp27 suppresses the Cu(2+)-induced amyloidogenicity, redox activity, and cytotoxicity of α-synuclein by metal ion stripping. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 72:176-90. [PMID: 24746619 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant copper homeostasis and oxidative stress have critical roles in several neurodegenerative diseases. Expression of heat-shock protein 27 (Hsp27) is elevated under oxidative stress as well as upon treatment with Cu(2+), and elevated levels of Hsp27 are found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. We demonstrate, using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy as well as isothermal titration calorimetry studies, that Hsp27 binds Cu(2+) with high affinity (Kd ~10(-11) M). Treating IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells with Cu(2+) leads to upregulation of endogenous Hsp27. Further, overexpression of Hsp27 in IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells confers cytoprotection against Cu(2+)-induced cell death. Hsp27 prevents the deleterious interaction of Cu(2+) with α-synuclein, the protein involved in Parkinson disease and synucleinopathies. Hsp27 attenuates Cu(2+)- or Cu(2+)-α-synuclein-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species and confers cytoprotection on IMR-32 cells as well as on mouse primary neural precursor cells. Hsp27 prevents Cu(2+)-ascorbate or Cu(2+)-α-synuclein-ascorbate treatment-induced increase in mitochondrial superoxide level and mitochondrial disorganization in IMR-32 cells. Hsp27 dislodges the α-synuclein-bound Cu(2+) and prevents the Cu(2+)-mediated amyloidogenesis of α-synuclein. Our findings that Hsp27 binds Cu(2+) with high affinity leading to beneficial effects and that Hsp27 can dislodge Cu(2+) from α-synuclein, preventing amyloid fibril formation, indicate potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases involving aberrant Cu(2+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Asthana
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Madhuri Bollapalli
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | | | - Raman Bakthisaran
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
| | - Ch Mohan Rao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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123
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Brazier MW, Wedd AG, Collins SJ. Antioxidant and Metal Chelation-Based Therapies in the Treatment of Prion Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:288-308. [PMID: 26784872 PMCID: PMC4665489 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative disorders involve the accumulation of multimeric assemblies and amyloid derived from misfolded conformers of constitutively expressed proteins. In addition, the brains of patients and experimental animals afflicted with prion disease display evidence of heightened oxidative stress and damage, as well as disturbances to transition metal homeostasis. Utilising a variety of disease model paradigms, many laboratories have demonstrated that copper can act as a cofactor in the antioxidant activity displayed by the prion protein while manganese has been implicated in the generation and stabilisation of disease-associated conformers. This and other evidence has led several groups to test dietary and chelation therapy-based regimens to manipulate brain metal concentrations in attempts to influence the progression of prion disease in experimental mice. Results have been inconsistent. This review examines published data on transition metal dyshomeostasis, free radical generation and subsequent oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of prion disease. It also comments on the efficacy of trialed therapeutics chosen to combat such deleterious changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus W Brazier
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Anthony G Wedd
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Steven J Collins
- Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Singh N, Haldar S, Tripathi AK, Horback K, Wong J, Sharma D, Beserra A, Suda S, Anbalagan C, Dev S, Mukhopadhyay CK, Singh A. Brain iron homeostasis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical significance and therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1324-63. [PMID: 23815406 PMCID: PMC3935772 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron has emerged as a significant cause of neurotoxicity in several neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), and others. In some cases, the underlying cause of iron mis-metabolism is known, while in others, our understanding is, at best, incomplete. Recent evidence implicating key proteins involved in the pathogenesis of AD, PD, and sCJD in cellular iron metabolism suggests that imbalance of brain iron homeostasis associated with these disorders is a direct consequence of disease pathogenesis. A complete understanding of the molecular events leading to this phenotype is lacking partly because of the complex regulation of iron homeostasis within the brain. Since systemic organs and the brain share several iron regulatory mechanisms and iron-modulating proteins, dysfunction of a specific pathway or selective absence of iron-modulating protein(s) in systemic organs has provided important insights into the maintenance of iron homeostasis within the brain. Here, we review recent information on the regulation of iron uptake and utilization in systemic organs and within the complex environment of the brain, with particular emphasis on the underlying mechanisms leading to brain iron mis-metabolism in specific neurodegenerative conditions. Mouse models that have been instrumental in understanding systemic and brain disorders associated with iron mis-metabolism are also described, followed by current therapeutic strategies which are aimed at restoring brain iron homeostasis in different neurodegenerative conditions. We conclude by highlighting important gaps in our understanding of brain iron metabolism and mis-metabolism, particularly in the context of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neena Singh
- 1 Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio
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125
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Matera-Witkiewicz A, Kapczyńska K, Stefanowicz P. The interactions of glycated decapeptide, the Amadori product, with copper(II) ions – A possible effect on the oxidative stress induced aggregation? Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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126
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Hassan W, Silva CEB, Mohammadzai IU, da Rocha JBT, Landeira-Fernandez J. Association of oxidative stress to the genesis of anxiety: implications for possible therapeutic interventions. Curr Neuropharmacol 2014; 12:120-39. [PMID: 24669207 PMCID: PMC3964744 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11666131120232135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by reactive species, including reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and unbound, adventitious metal ions (e.g., iron [Fe] and copper [Cu]), is an underlying cause of various neurodegenerative diseases. These reactive species are an inevitable by-product of cellular respiration or other metabolic processes that may cause the oxidation of lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Oxidative stress has recently been implicated in depression and anxiety-related disorders. Furthermore, the manifestation of anxiety in numerous psychiatric disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, panic disorder, phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder, highlights the importance of studying the underlying biology of these disorders to gain a better understanding of the disease and to identify common biomarkers for these disorders. Most recently, the expression of glutathione reductase 1 and glyoxalase 1, which are genes involved in antioxidative metabolism, were reported to be correlated with anxiety-related phenotypes. This review focuses on direct and indirect evidence of the potential involvement of oxidative stress in the genesis of anxiety and discusses different opinions that exist in this field. Antioxidant therapeutic strategies are also discussed, highlighting the importance of oxidative stress in the etiology, incidence, progression, and prevention of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Hassan
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Imdad Ullah Mohammadzai
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Joao Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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127
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Sulieman AM. Spray Drying of Karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyces and Evaluation of the Product. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2013-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Karkade calyces’ samples (variety Rahad) collected from different local sites were spray dried, and the powder samples were analyzed physically, chemically and microbiologically. The particle size of the various karkade powder samples ranged from 11.8 to 14.1 μm, while the flowability (angle of repose) ranged from 41° to 43° 20′. The reconstitution properties slightly varied when the various karkade samples were compared. The ranges of wettability, sinkability and dispersibility were 320–370 s, 800–850 s and 0.04–0.05 OD, respectively. The bulk density ranged from 0.57 to 0.65 g/ml, and the yield of karkade powder of the various samples ranged between 31.4 and 34.3%. The spray-dried samples from different sites were comparable in most of the chemical components, and they contained relatively good amount of macro- and micronutrients and high nutritive value. Virtually, all the spray-dried karkade powder samples were devoid of coliform, staphylococci and Salmonella cells.
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128
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Brazier MW, Wall VA, Brazier BW, Masters CL, Collins SJ. Therapeutic interventions ameliorating prion disease. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 7:83-105. [DOI: 10.1586/14787210.7.1.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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129
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Mot AI, Wedd AG, Sinclair L, Brown DR, Collins SJ, Brazier MW. Metal attenuating therapies in neurodegenerative disease. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 11:1717-45. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.11.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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130
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Chereddy NR, Niladri Raju MV, Nagaraju P, Krishnaswamy VR, Korrapati PS, Bangal PR, Rao VJ. A naphthalimide based PET probe with Fe3+ selective detection ability: theoretical and experimental study. Analyst 2014; 139:6352-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01528b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A naphthalimide based Fe3+ selective fluorescence ‘turn-on’ probe that operates based on a PET mechanism has been synthesized, and its application in the detection of Fe3+ ions in aqueous samples and in live cells is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Reddy Chereddy
- Crop Protection Chemicals
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - M. V. Niladri Raju
- Crop Protection Chemicals
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - Peethani Nagaraju
- Crop Protection Chemicals
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | | | - Purna Sai Korrapati
- Biomaterials Division
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600 020, India
| | - Prakriti Ranjan Bangal
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - Vaidya Jayathirtha Rao
- Crop Protection Chemicals
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500 007, India
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131
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Sutariya NM, Prasad S, Athavale DA, Bhavsar RD, Roy I. Correlation between Al(3+) -induced thermal stability and inhibition of fibrillation of N-terminal domain of the hydrogenase maturation factor. Biofactors 2013; 39:597-607. [PMID: 23868703 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillation can be induced in proteins by altering solvent conditions. Stabilization of the protofibrillar structure arrests formation of longer fibers. Thermal stability and fibrillation of N-terminal domain of the hydrogenase maturation factor (HypF-N) were studied in the presence of a series of metal ions. Only Al(3+) was able to reverse the thermal denaturation of HypF-N upon heating. On being exposed to denaturing conditions, the native protein formed fibrillar structure under moderately denaturing conditions, whereas in the presence of Al(3+) , the protein was found to retain its native conformation. Under strongly denaturing conditions, only Al(3+) was able to stabilize the protein in the fibrillar state. Spectrofluorimetric analysis revealed that Al(3+) alone was able to stabilize the partially unfolded intermediate state of HypF-N. Based on the similarity in observations, we propose a link between reversal of thermal instability of HypF-N and its ability to form an intermediate structure in the presence of Al(3+) . Al(3+) stabilizes the partially unfolded state in the N↔I↔U equilibrium so that upon heating, the three-dimensional structure of the protein is not lost completely. Kinetic analysis confirmed that Al(3+) interacts with an early structure on the aggregation landscape and delays fibrillation. Under mildly denaturing state, HypF-N is able to recover its native conformation in the presence of Al(3+) and under strongly denaturing conditions, the protein does not acquire a completely disordered structure. Instead, it forms an ordered β-sheet-rich structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimesh M Sutariya
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Punjab, India
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132
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Prachayasittikul V, Prachayasittikul S, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V. 8-Hydroxyquinolines: a review of their metal chelating properties and medicinal applications. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2013; 7:1157-78. [PMID: 24115839 PMCID: PMC3793592 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s49763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions play an important role in biological processes and in metal homeostasis. Metal imbalance is the leading cause for many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. 8-Hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) is a small planar molecule with a lipophilic effect and a metal chelating ability. As a result, 8HQ and its derivatives hold medicinal properties such as antineurodegenerative, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. Herein, diverse bioactivities of 8HQ and newly synthesized 8HQ-based compounds are discussed together with their mechanisms of actions and structure–activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veda Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
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133
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Mitra S, Gera R, Siddiqui WA, Khandelwal S. Tributyltin induces oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis via disturbance in blood–brain barrier and metal homeostasis in cerebral cortex of rat brain: An in vivo and in vitro study. Toxicology 2013; 310:39-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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134
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Ahamed M, Fareed M, Kumar A, Siddiqui W, Siddiqui M. Oxidative stress and neurological disorders in relation to blood lead levels in children. Redox Rep 2013; 13:117-22. [DOI: 10.1179/135100008x259213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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135
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Huber PC, Reis GP, Amstalden MC, Lancellotti M, Almeida WP. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterizations and antimicrobial activity of copper and zinc complexes of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and 3-carboxy-4-quinolone. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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136
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Danzer KM, McLean PJ. Drug targets from genetics: α-synuclein. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2013; 10:712-23. [PMID: 21838671 DOI: 10.2174/187152711797247867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the critical issues in Parkinson disease (PD) research is the identity of the specific toxic, pathogenic moiety. In PD, mutations in α-synuclein (αsyn) or multiplication of the SNCA gene encoding αsyn, result in a phenotype of cellular inclusions, cell death, and brain dysfunction. While the historical point of view has been that the macroscopic aggregates containing αsyn are the toxic species, in the last several years evidence has emerged that suggests instead that smaller soluble species--likely oligomers containing misfolded αsyn--are actually the toxic moiety and that the fibrillar inclusions may even be a cellular detoxification pathway and less harmful. If soluble misfolded species of αsyn are the toxic moieties, then cellular mechanisms that degrade misfolded αsyn would be neuroprotective and a rational target for drug development. In this review we will discuss the fundamental mechanisms underlying αsyn toxicity including oligomer formation, oxidative stress, and degradation pathways and consider rational therapeutic strategies that may have the potential to prevent or halt αsyn induced pathogenesis in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin M Danzer
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, 02129, USA
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137
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Solution and solid state study of copper(II) ternary complexes with some dipeptides presence in Aβ-42 peptide and methionine. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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138
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Oliveira FL, Huber PC, Almeida WP, Sabino JR, Aparicio R. Tris[2-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl-κN)-1H-benzimidazole-κN3]zinc(II) dinitrate ethanol hemisolvate monohydrate at 100 K. Acta Crystallogr C 2013; 69:119-22. [PMID: 23377675 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270112051372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zn(II) center in the dicationic complex of the title compound, [Zn(C(10)H(7)N(3)S)(3)](NO(3))(2)·0.5C(2)H(5)OH·H(2)O, is in a distorted octahedral environment with imperfect noncrystallographic C(3) symmetry. Each 2-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1H-benzimidazole ligand coordinates in a bidentate manner, with the Zn-N(imidazole) bond lengths approximately 0.14 Å shorter than the Zn-N(thiazole) bond lengths. Charge-assisted hydrogen bonds connect cations, anions and water molecules. A lattice void is occupied by an ethanol solvent molecule disordered about a crystallographic inversion center and π-stacking is observed between one type of symmetry-related benzene rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Oliveira
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Crystallography, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, CP6154, CEP13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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139
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Abstract
Iron is a redox active metal which is abundant in the Earth's crust. It has played a key role in the evolution of living systems and as such is an essential element in a wide range of biological phenomena, being critical for the function of an enormous array of enzymes, energy transduction mechanisms, and oxygen carriers. The redox nature of iron renders the metal toxic in excess and consequently all biological organisms carefully control iron levels. In this overview the mechanisms adopted by man to control body iron levels are described.Low body iron levels are related to anemia which can be treated by various forms of iron fortification and supplementation. Elevated iron levels can occur systemically or locally, each giving rise to specific symptoms. Systemic iron overload results from either the hyperabsorption of iron or regular blood transfusion and can be treated by the use of a selection of iron chelating molecules. The symptoms of many forms of neurodegeneration are associated with elevated levels of iron in certain regions of the brain and iron chelation therapy is beginning to find an application in the treatment of such diseases. Iron chelators have also been widely investigated for the treatment of cancer, tuberculosis, and malaria. In these latter studies, selective removal of iron from key enzymes or iron binding proteins is sought. Sufficient selectivity between the invading organism and the host has yet to be established for such chelators to find application in the clinic.Iron chelation for systemic iron overload and iron supplementation therapy for the treatment of various forms of anemia are now established procedures in clinical medicine. Chelation therapy may find an important role in the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases in the near future.
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140
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Abstract
Manganese is an important metal for human health, being absolutely necessary for development, metabolism, and the antioxidant system. Nevertheless, excessive exposure or intake may lead to a condition known as manganism, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes dopaminergic neuronal death and parkinsonian-like symptoms. Hence, Mn has a paradoxal effect in animals, a Janus-faced metal. Extensive work has been carried out to understand Mn-induced neurotoxicity and to find an effective treatment. This review focuses on the requirement for Mn in human health as well as the diseases associated with excessive exposure to this metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Silva Avila
- Biochemistry Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,
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141
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Muthuraj B, Hussain S, Iyer PK. A rapid and sensitive detection of ferritin at a nanomolar level and disruption of amyloid β fibrils using fluorescent conjugated polymer. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00680h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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142
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Jellinger KA. The relevance of metals in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration, pathological considerations. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2013; 110:1-47. [PMID: 24209432 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-410502-7.00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are featured by a variety of pathological conditions that share similar critical processes, such as oxidative stress, free radical activity, proteinaceous aggregations, mitochondrial dysfunctions, and energy failure. They are mediated or triggered by an imbalance of metal ions leading to changes of critical biological systems and initiating a cascade of events finally leading to neurodegeneration and cell death. Their causes are multifactorial, and although the source of the shift in oxidative homeostasis is still unclear, current evidence points to changes in the balance of redox transition metals, especially iron, copper, and other trace metals. They are present at elevated levels in Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, multisystem atrophy, etc., while in other neurodegenerative disorders, copper, zinc, aluminum, and manganese are involved. This chapter will review the recent advances of the role of metals in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of major neurodegenerative diseases and discuss the use of chelating agents as potential therapies for metal-related disorders.
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143
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Porchia M, Dolmella A, Gandin V, Marzano C, Pellei M, Peruzzo V, Refosco F, Santini C, Tisato F. Neutral and charged phosphine/scorpionate copper(I) complexes: effects of ligand assembly on their antiproliferative activity. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 59:218-26. [PMID: 23229057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-exchange reactions of copper(I) precursors ([Cu(CH(3)CN)(4)]BF(4), CuCl) with a panel of bis(azolyl)borates or poly(pyrazolyl)methanes and a tertiary monodentate phosphine (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane, PCN = tris(cyanoethyl)phosphine) produced two series of heteroleptic, either '2 + 1 + 1'- or '3 + 1'-type complexes, which have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ESI-MS and multinuclear (31)P and (1)H NMR. '2 + 1 + 1'-type complexes include a N,N-bidentate chelate and two monodentate phosphines (1-8) and '3 + 1'-type complexes comprise a N,N,O- or N,N,N-tridentate chelate and one monodentate phosphine (9-12). All these complexes adopt a four-coordinate, tetrahedral geometry. '3 + 1' complexes show better red-ox stability and a greater tendency to retain the native '3 + 1' mixed-ligand structure. Conversely, '2 + 1 + 1' complexes exhibit increased propensity to dissociation as shown by ESI-MS measurements and X-ray structure determination at low temperature (150 K) of the polymeric complex {[H(2)B(tz(NO2))(2)]Cu[PCN]}(n)6b. In this complex, either the bis(triazolyl)borate and the PCN ligands act as bidentate, with PCN being also the μ(2)-bridiging linker between adjacent monomers. Compound 6b is the first reported example of a polymeric PCN compound with a tetra-coordinate metal centre. Cytotoxic activity of all compounds has been evaluated by MTT test against a panel of several human tumor cell lines including examples of breast (MCF-7), colon (HCT-15 and LoVo), lung (A549), cervix (A431) and ovarian (2008 and its cisplatin resistant variant, C13*) carcinoma, melanoma (A375) and promyelocytic leukemia (HL60). Copper complexes generally show in vitro antitumour activity comparable to that of cisplatin. In particular, neutral '3 + 1'-type complexes 9 and 10, show IC(50) values appreciably lower than those exhibited by the reference metallodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Porchia
- I.C.I.S.-C.N.R., Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy.
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144
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Chondrogianni N, Petropoulos I, Grimm S, Georgila K, Catalgol B, Friguet B, Grune T, Gonos ES. Protein damage, repair and proteolysis. Mol Aspects Med 2012; 35:1-71. [PMID: 23107776 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are continuously affected by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Damaged proteins influence several intracellular pathways and result in different disorders and diseases. Aggregation of damaged proteins depends on the balance between their generation and their reversal or elimination by protein repair systems and degradation, respectively. With regard to protein repair, only few repair mechanisms have been evidenced including the reduction of methionine sulfoxide residues by the methionine sulfoxide reductases, the conversion of isoaspartyl residues to L-aspartate by L-isoaspartate methyl transferase and deglycation by phosphorylation of protein-bound fructosamine by fructosamine-3-kinase. Protein degradation is orchestrated by two major proteolytic systems, namely the lysosome and the proteasome. Alteration of the function for both systems has been involved in all aspects of cellular metabolic networks linked to either normal or pathological processes. Given the importance of protein repair and degradation, great effort has recently been made regarding the modulation of these systems in various physiological conditions such as aging, as well as in diseases. Genetic modulation has produced promising results in the area of protein repair enzymes but there are not yet any identified potent inhibitors, and, to our knowledge, only one activating compound has been reported so far. In contrast, different drugs as well as natural compounds that interfere with proteolysis have been identified and/or developed resulting in homeostatic maintenance and/or the delay of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Chondrogianni
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Helenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 116 35 Athens, Greece.
| | - Isabelle Petropoulos
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire du Vieillissement, UR4-UPMC, IFR 83, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stefanie Grimm
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller University, Dornburger Straße 24, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Konstantina Georgila
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Helenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 116 35 Athens, Greece
| | - Betul Catalgol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, Haydarpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bertrand Friguet
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire du Vieillissement, UR4-UPMC, IFR 83, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller University, Dornburger Straße 24, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Efstathios S Gonos
- Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Helenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 116 35 Athens, Greece.
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145
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Torres-Vega A, Pliego-Rivero BF, Otero-Ojeda GA, Gómez-Oliván LM, Vieyra-Reyes P. Limbic system pathologies associated with deficiencies and excesses of the trace elements iron, zinc, copper, and selenium. Nutr Rev 2012. [PMID: 23206282 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00521.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiencies of nutrients such as amino acids, vitamins, lipids, and trace elements during gestation and early infanthood have strong deleterious effects on the development of the limbic system; these effects may be irreversible, even when adequate supplementation is provided at later developmental stages. Recent advances in the neurochemistry of biometals are increasingly establishing the roles of the trace elements iron, copper, zinc, and selenium in a variety of cell functions and are providing insight into the repercussions of deficiencies and excesses of these elements on the development of the central nervous system, especially the limbic system. The limbic system comprises diverse areas with high metabolic demands and differential storage of iron, copper, zinc, and selenium. This review summarizes available evidence suggesting the involvement of these trace elements in pathological disorders of the limbic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Torres-Vega
- Neurofisiología de la Conducta, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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146
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Bolognin S, Pasqualetto F, Mucignat-Caretta C, Scancar J, Milacic R, Zambenedetti P, Cozzi B, Zatta P. Effects of a copper-deficient diet on the biochemistry, neural morphology and behavior of aged mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47063. [PMID: 23071712 PMCID: PMC3468563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper dyshomeostasis has been suggested as an aetiological risk factor for some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. However, the precise mechanism at the base of this involvement is still obscure. In this work, we show the effects of a copper-deficient diet in aged CD1 mice and the influence of such a diet on: a) the concentration of various metal ions (aluminium, copper, iron, calcium, zinc) in the main organs and in different brain areas; b) the alteration of metallothioneins I-II and tyrosine hydroxylase immunopositivity in the brain; c) behavioural tests (open field, pole, predatory aggression, and habituation/dishabituation smell tests). Our data suggested that the copper-deficiency was able to produce a sort of “domino effect” which altered the concentration of the other tested metal ions in the main organs as well as in the brain, without, however, significantly affecting the animal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bolognin
- CNR-Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Metalloproteins Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Pasqualetto
- CNR-Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Metalloproteins Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Janez Scancar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Radmila Milacic
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Bruno Cozzi
- Department of Experimental Veterinary Science, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
- * E-mail: (PZ); (BC)
| | - Paolo Zatta
- CNR-Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Metalloproteins Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail: (PZ); (BC)
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147
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Chwiej J, Kutorasinska J, Janeczko K, Gzielo-Jurek K, Uram L, Appel K, Simon R, Setkowicz Z. Progress of elemental anomalies of hippocampal formation in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy--an X-ray fluorescence microscopy study. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:3071-80. [PMID: 23052869 PMCID: PMC3501183 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, X-ray fluorescence microscopy was applied to follow the processes occurring in rat hippocampal formation during the post-seizure period. In the study, one of the status epilepticus animal models of epilepsy was used, namely the model of temporal lobe epilepsy with pilocarpine-induced seizures. In order to analyze the dynamics of seizure-induced elemental changes, the samples taken from seizure-experiencing animals 3 h and 1, 4, and 7 days after proconvulsive agent administration were analyzed. The obtained results confirmed the utility of X-ray fluorescence microscopy in the research of mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and progress of epilepsy. The topographic and quantitative elemental analysis of hippocampal formations from different periods of epileptogenesis showed that excitotoxicity, mossy fibers sprouting, and iron-induced oxidative stress may be the processes responsible for seizure-induced neurodegenerative changes and spontaneous recurrent seizures occurring in the chronic phase of the pilocarpine model. The analysis of correlations between the recorded elemental anomalies and quantitative parameters describing animal behavior in the acute period of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus showed that the areal densities of selected elements measured in the latent period strongly depend on the progress of the acute phase. Especially important seem to be the observations done for Ca and Zn levels which suggest that the intensity of the pathological processes such as excitotoxicity and mossy fibers sprouting depend on the total time of seizure activity. These results as well as dependencies found between the levels of S, K, and Cu and the intensity of maximal seizures clearly confirm how important it is to control the duration and intensity of seizures in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chwiej
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
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148
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Genetically programmed superparamagnetic behavior of mammalian cells. J Biotechnol 2012; 162:237-45. [PMID: 23036923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although magnetic fields and paramagnetic inorganic materials were abundant on planet earth during the entire evolution of living species the interaction of organisms with these physical forces remains a little-understood phenomenon. Interestingly, rather than being genetically encoded, organisms seem to accumulate and take advantage of inorganic nanoparticles to sense or react to magnetic fields. Using a synthetic biology-inspired approach we have genetically programmed mammalian cells to show superparamagnetic behavior. The combination of ectopic production of the human ferritin heavy chain 1 (hFTH1), engineering the cells for expression of an iron importer, the divalent metal ion transferase 1 (DMT1) and the design of an iron-loading culture medium to maximize cellular iron uptake enabled efficient iron mineralization in intracellular ferritin particles and conferred superparamagnetic behavior to the entire cell. When captured by a magnetic field the superparamagnetic cells reached attraction velocities of up to 30 μm/s and could be efficiently separated from complex cell mixtures using standard magnetic cell separation equipment. Technology that enables magnetic separation of genetically programmed superparamagnetic cells in the absence of inorganic particles could foster novel opportunities in diagnostics and cell-based therapies.
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149
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Conversion of natively unstructured α-synuclein to its α-helical conformation significantly attenuates production of reactive oxygen species. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 118:68-73. [PMID: 23123341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular α-synuclein (α-syn) protein, whose conformational change and aggregation have been closely linked to the pathology of Parkingson's disease (PD), is highly populated at the presynaptic termini and remains there in the α-helical conformation. In this study, circular dichroism confirmed that natively unstructured α-syn in aqueous solution was transformed to its α-helical conformation upon addition of trifluoroethanol (TFE). Electrochemical and UV-visible spectroscopic experiments reveal that both Cu (I) and Cu (II) are stabilized, with the former being stabilized by about two orders of magnitude. Compared to unstructured α-syn (Binolfi et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 (2011) 194-196), α-helical α-syn stabilizes Cu (I) by more than three orders of magnitude. Through the measurements of H(2)O(2) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) in solutions containing different forms of Cu (II) (free and complexed by unstructured or α-helical α-syn), we demonstrate that the significantly enhanced Cu (I) binding affinity helps inhibit the production of highly toxic reactive oxygen species, especially the hydroxyl radicals. Our study provides strong evidence that, as a possible means to prevent neuronal cell damage, conversion of the natively unstructured α-syn to its α-helical conformation in vivo could significantly attenuate the copper-modulated ROS production.
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150
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Szczerbowska-Boruchowska M, Krygowska-Wajs A, Ziomber A, Thor P, Wrobel P, Bukowczan M, Zizak I. The influence of electrical stimulation of vagus nerve on elemental composition of dopamine related brain structures in rats. Neurochem Int 2012; 61:156-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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