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Girotti M, Adler SM, Bulin SE, Fucich EA, Paredes D, Morilak DA. Prefrontal cortex executive processes affected by stress in health and disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 85:161-179. [PMID: 28690203 PMCID: PMC5756532 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Prefrontal cortical executive functions comprise a number of cognitive capabilities necessary for goal directed behavior and adaptation to a changing environment. Executive dysfunction that leads to maladaptive behavior and is a symptom of psychiatric pathology can be instigated or exacerbated by stress. In this review we survey research addressing the impact of stress on executive function, with specific focus on working memory, attention, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. We then consider the neurochemical pathways underlying these cognitive capabilities and, where known, how stress alters them. Finally, we review work exploring potential pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches that can ameliorate deficits in executive function. Both preclinical and clinical literature indicates that chronic stress negatively affects executive function. Although some of the circuitry and neurochemical processes underlying executive function have been characterized, a great deal is still unknown regarding how stress affects these processes. Additional work focusing on this question is needed in order to make progress on developing interventions that ameliorate executive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Girotti
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Samantha M Adler
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Sarah E Bulin
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Fucich
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Denisse Paredes
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - David A Morilak
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, UT Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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102
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Ross JA, Gliebus G, Van Bockstaele EJ. Stress induced neural reorganization: A conceptual framework linking depression and Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 85:136-151. [PMID: 28803923 PMCID: PMC5809232 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress is a risk factor for a number of physiological disorders including cardiovascular disease, obesity and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. There are a number of underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms altered in the course of chronic stress, which may increase the vulnerability of individuals to develop psychiatric disorders such as depression, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This is evident in the influence of stress on large-scale brain networks, including the resting state Default Mode Network (DMN), the effects of stress on neuronal circuitry and architecture, and the cellular and molecular adaptations to stress, which may render individuals with stress related psychiatric disorders more vulnerable to neurodegenerative disease later in life. These alterations include decreased negative feedback inhibition of the hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) axis, decreased dendritic arborization and spine density in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus, and the release of proinflammatory cytokines, which may suppress neurogenesis and promote neuronal cell death. Each of these factors are thought to play a role in stress-related psychiatric disease as well as AD, and have been observed in clinical and post-mortem studies of individuals with depression and AD. The goal of the current review is to summarize clinical and preclinical evidence supporting a role for chronic stress as a putative link between neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disease. Moreover, we provide a rationale for the importance of taking a medical history of stress-related psychiatric diseases into consideration during clinical trial design, as they may play an important role in the etiology of AD in stratified patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Ross
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Gediminas Gliebus
- Department of Neurology, Drexel Neuroscience Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19107
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103
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Reynolds RP, Li Y, Garner A, Norton JN. Vibration in mice: A review of comparative effects and use in translational research. Animal Model Exp Med 2018; 1:116-124. [PMID: 30891556 PMCID: PMC6388090 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound pressure waves surround individuals in everyday life and are perceived by animals and humans primarily through sound or vibration. When sound pressure waves traverse through a solid medium, vibration will result. Vibration has long been considered an unwanted variable in animal research and may confound scientific endeavors using animals. Understanding the characteristics of vibration is required to determine whether effects in animals are likely to be therapeutic or result in adverse biological effects. The eighth edition of the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" highlights the importance of considering vibration and its effects on animals in the research setting, but knowledge of the level of vibration for eliciting these effects was unknown. The literature provides information regarding therapeutic use of vibration in humans, but the range of conditions to be of therapeutic benefit is varied and without clarity. Understanding the characteristics of vibration (eg, frequency and magnitude) necessary to cause various effects will ultimately assist in the evaluation of this environmental factor and its role on a number of potential therapeutic regimens for use in humans. This paper will review the principles of vibration, sources within a research setting, comparative physiological effects in various species, and the relative potential use of vibration in the mouse as a translational research model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall P. Reynolds
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Angela Garner
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - John N. Norton
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Department of PathologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
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104
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Wang C, Gan D, Wu J, Liao M, Liao X, Ai W. Honokiol Exerts Antidepressant Effects in Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress by Regulating Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level and Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1519-1528. [PMID: 29855846 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Honokiol (HNK), the main active component of Magnolia officinalis, has shown a variety of pharmacological activities. In the present study, we measured the antidepressant-like effects of HNK in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and explored its possible mechanisms. The antidepressant-like effects of HNK were assessed in rats by an open field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST). Then, serum levels of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα) levels were assessed to explore the possible mechanisms. We identified that HNK treatment (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg) alleviated the CUMS-induced behavioural deficits. Treatment with HNK also normalized the CUMS-induced hyperactivity of the limbic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as indicated by reduced CRH, ACTH and CORT serum levels. In addition, HNK increased the expression of GRα (mRNA and protein) and BDNF (mRNA and protein) in the hippocampus. These data confirmed the antidepressant-like effects of HNK, which may be related to its normalizing the function of the HPA axis and increasing the BDNF level in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canmao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Danna Gan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Jingang Wu
- The Second People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, 443000, China
| | - Minhui Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Xinghuan Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Weipeng Ai
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
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105
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Zhang X, Li L, Chen T, Sun Z, Tang W, Wang S, Wang T, Wang Y, Zhang H. Research Progress in the Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Invigoration on Neurotransmitter Related Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:4642018. [PMID: 29861770 PMCID: PMC5976975 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4642018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tonic traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in clinical practice and is categorized into four main drugs, namely, Qi-supplementing, Blood-enriching, Yin-nourishing, and Yang-tonifying. Neurotransmitters play a coordinating role in the nervous system, visceral function, and stress response. The excitation or suppression of the central nervous system is closely related to various diseases, such as insomnia, depression, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and perimenopausal syndrome. An increasing amount of evidence shows that Chinese tonic herb and its active ingredients can delay the occurrence and development of these diseases by modulating related neurotransmitters and their receptors, including norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (ACh), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In the present report, studies on the treatment of these neurotransmitter related diseases in relation to the application of tonic Chinese medicine are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiting Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Zuoyan Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300193, China
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106
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Crider A, Feng T, Pandya CD, Davis T, Nair A, Ahmed AO, Baban B, Turecki G, Pillai A. Complement component 3a receptor deficiency attenuates chronic stress-induced monocyte infiltration and depressive-like behavior. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 70. [PMID: 29518530 PMCID: PMC5967612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common and debilitating neuropsychiatric illnesses. Accumulating evidence suggests a potential role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of MDD. The complement system represents one of the major effector mechanisms of the innate immune system, and plays a critical role in inflammation. However, the role of complement components in MDD is not well understood. Here, we found significant increase in component 3 (C3) expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of depressed suicide subjects. We tested the role of altered C3 expression in mouse model of depression and found that increased C3 expression in PFC as a result of chronic stress causes depressive-like behavior. Conversely, mice lacking C3 were resilient to stress-induced depressive-like behavior. Moreover, selective overexpression of C3 in PFC was sufficient to cause depressive-like behavior in mice. We found that C3a (activated product of C3) receptor, C3aR+ monocytes were infiltrated into PFC following chronic stress. However, C3aR knockout mice displayed significantly reduced monocyte recruitment into PFC and reduced levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in PFC after chronic stress. In addition, C3aR knockout mice did not exhibit chronic stress-induced behavior despair. Similarly, chronic stress-induced increases in C3aR+ monocytes and IL-1β in PFC, and depressive-like behavior were attenuated by myeloid cell depletion. These postmortem and preclinical studies identify C3aR signaling as a key factor in MDD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Crider
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Tami Feng
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Chirayu D. Pandya
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Talisha Davis
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Ashwati Nair
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912,Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Anthony O Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065
| | - Babak Baban
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental College of Georgia, Department of Neurology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Depressive Disorders Program, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anilkumar Pillai
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
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107
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Hui J, Zhang J, Pu M, Zhou X, Dong L, Mao X, Shi G, Zou J, Wu J, Jiang D, Xi G. Modulation of GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Contributes to Learning and Memory Impairment in a Rat Model of Depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21:858-870. [PMID: 29688389 PMCID: PMC6119296 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely accepted that cognitive processes, such as learning and memory, are affected in depression, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions of these 2 disorders are not clearly understood. Recently, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β)/β-catenin signaling was shown to play an important role in the regulation of learning and memory. METHODS The present study used a rat model of depression, chronic unpredictable stress, to determine whether hippocampal GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling was involved in learning and memory alterations. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that chronic unpredictable stress had a dramatic influence on spatial cognitive performance in the Morris water maze task and reduced the phosphorylation of Ser9 of GSK-3β as well as the total and nuclear levels of β-catenin in the hippocampus. Inhibition of GSK3β by SB216763 significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficits induced by chronic unpredictable stress, while overexpression of GSK3β by AAV-mediated gene transfer significantly decreased cognitive performance in adult rats. In addition, chronic unpredictable stress exposure increased the expression of the canonical Wnt antagonist Dkk-1. Furthermore, chronic administration of corticosterone significantly increased Dkk-1 expression, decreased the phosphorylation of Ser9 of GSK-3β, and resulted in the impairment of hippocampal learning and memory. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that impairment of learning and memory in response to chronic unpredictable stress may be attributed to the dysfunction of GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling mediated by increased glucocorticoid signaling via Dkk-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojie Hui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mengjia Pu
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingliang Zhou
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuqiang Mao
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guofeng Shi
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guangjun Xi
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China,Correspondence: Guangjun Xi, MD, PhD, The Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, PR China, 214023 ()
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108
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Region-Dependent Alterations in Cognitive Function and ERK1/2 Signaling in the PFC in Rats after Social Defeat Stress. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:9870985. [PMID: 29849577 PMCID: PMC5925180 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9870985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunctions are highly comorbid with depression. Impairments of cognitive flexibility, which are modulated by the monoaminergic system of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), are increasingly recognized as an important component of the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. However, the downstream molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Using a classical model of depression, this study investigated the effects of social defeat stress on emotional behaviors, on cognitive flexibility in the attentional set-shifting task (AST), and on the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2) and their downstream signaling molecules cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in two subregions of the PFC, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). The results showed that stress induced emotional and cognitive alterations associated with depression, including a decreased sucrose intake ratio and impaired reversal learning and set-shifting performance in the AST. Additionally, rats in the stress group showed a significant decrease only in ERK2 signaling in the mPFC, while more extensive decreases in both ERK1 signaling and ERK2 signaling were observed in the OFC. Along with the decreased ERK signaling, compared to controls, stressed rats showed downregulation of CREB phosphorylation and BDNF expression in both the OFC and the mPFC. Further analysis showed that behavioral changes were differentially correlated with several molecules in subregions of the PFC. These results suggested that social defeat stress was an effective animal model to induce both emotional and cognitive symptoms of depression and that the dysfunction of ERK signaling activities in the PFC might be a potential underlying biological mechanism.
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109
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Cameron HA, Schoenfeld TJ. Behavioral and structural adaptations to stress. Front Neuroendocrinol 2018; 49:106-113. [PMID: 29421158 PMCID: PMC5963997 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Unpredictable aversive experiences, or stressors, lead to changes in depression- and anxiety-related behavior and to changes in hippocampal structure including decreases in adult neurogenesis, granule cell and pyramidal cell dendritic morphology, and volume. Here we review the relationship between these behavioral and structural changes and discuss the possibility that these changes may be largely adaptive. Specifically, we suggest that new neurons in the dentate gyrus enhance behavioral adaptability to changes in the environment, biasing behavior in novel situations based on previous experience with stress. Conversely, atrophy-like changes in the hippocampus and decreased adult neurogenesis following chronic stress may serve to limit stress responses and stabilize behavior during chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Cameron
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Timothy J Schoenfeld
- Section on Neuroplasticity, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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110
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Pehrson AL, Pedersen CS, Tølbøl KS, Sanchez C. Vortioxetine Treatment Reverses Subchronic PCP Treatment-Induced Cognitive Impairments: A Potential Role for Serotonin Receptor-Mediated Regulation of GABA Neurotransmission. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:162. [PMID: 29559911 PMCID: PMC5845537 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cognitive impairments that may contribute to poor functional outcomes. Clinical data suggests that the multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine attenuates some cognitive impairments in MDD patients, but the mechanistic basis for these improvements is unclear. One theory suggests that vortioxetine improves cognition by suppressing γ-amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission, thereby increasing glutamatergic activation. Vortioxetine’s effects on cognition, GABA and glutamate neurotransmission have been supported in separate experiments, but no empirical work has directly connected vortioxetine’s cognitive effects to those on GABA and glutamate neurotransmission. In this paper, we attempt to bridge this gap by evaluating vortioxetine’s effects in the subchronic PCP (subPCP) model, which induces impaired cognitive function and altered GABA and glutamate neurotransmission. We demonstrate that acute or subchronic vortioxetine treatment attenuated subPCP-induced deficits in attentional set shifting (AST) performance, and that the selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron or the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor escitalopram could mimic this effect. Furthermore, acute vortioxetine treatment reversed subPCP-induced object recognition (OR) deficits in rats, while subchronic vortioxetine reversed subPCP-induced Object Recognition and object placement impairments in mice. Finally, subPCP treatment reduced GABAB receptor expression in a manner that was insensitive to vortioxetine treatment, and subchronic vortioxetine treatment alone, but not in combination with subPCP, significantly increased GABA’s affinity for the GABAA receptor. These data suggest that vortioxetine reverses cognitive impairments in a model associated with altered GABA and glutamate neurotransmission, further supporting the hypothesis that vortioxetine’s GABAergic and glutamatergic effects are relevant for cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan L Pehrson
- Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, United States
| | | | | | - Connie Sanchez
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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111
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Park MH, Choi M, Kim YS, Son H. The antidepressant action of 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid is mediated by phosphorylation of histone deacetylase 5. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29520168 PMCID: PMC5840074 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.2.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
3-(2-Carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP), a competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, produces rapid antidepressant-like effects in animal models of depression. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these behavioral actions remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that CPP rapidly stimulates histone deacetylase (HDAC) 5 phosphorylation and nuclear export in rat hippocampal neurons. These effects are accompanied by calcium/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) and protein kinase D (PKD) phosphorylation. Behavioral experiments revealed that viral-mediated hippocampal knockdown of HDAC5 blocked the antidepressant effects of CPP in stressed animals. Taken together, our results imply that CPP acts via HDAC5 and suggest that HDAC5 is a common regulator contributing to the antidepressant actions of NMDA receptor antagonists such as CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyeop Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Miyeon Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Hyeon Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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112
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Zeldetz V, Natanel D, Boyko M, Zlotnik A, Shiyntum HN, Grinshpun J, Frank D, Kuts R, Brotfain E, Peiser J. A New Method for Inducing a Depression-Like Behavior in Rats. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29553503 DOI: 10.3791/57137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Contagious depression is a phenomenon that is yet to be fully recognized and this stems from insufficient material on the subject. At the moment, there is no existing format for studying the mechanism of action, prevention, containment, and treatment of contagious depression. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to establish the first animal model of contagious depression. Healthy rats can contract depressive behaviors if exposed to depressed rats. Depression is induced in rats by subjecting them to several manipulations of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) over 5 weeks, as described in the protocol. A successful sucrose preference test confirmed the development of depression in the rats. The CUS-exposed rats were then caged with naïve rats from the contagion group (1 naïve rat/2 depressed rats in a cage) for an additional 5 weeks. 30 social groups were created from the combination of CUS-exposed rats and naïve rats. This proposed depression-contagion protocol in animals consists mainly of cohabiting CUS-exposed and healthy rats for 5 weeks. To ensure that this method works, a series of tests are carried out - first, the sucrose preference test upon inducing depression to rats, then, the sucrose preference test, alongside the open field and forced-swim tests at the end of the cohabitation period. Throughout the experiment, rats are given tags and are always returned to their cages after each test. A few limitations to this method are the weak differences recorded between the experimental and control groups in the sucrose preference test and the irreversible traumatic outcome of the forced swim test. These may be worth considering for suitability before any future application of the protocol. Nonetheless, following the experiment, naïve rats developed contagion depression after 5 weeks of sharing the same cage with the CUS-exposed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Zeldetz
- Department of Emergent Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Dmitry Natanel
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Matthew Boyko
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev;
| | - Alexander Zlotnik
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Honore N Shiyntum
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Oles' Honchar Dnipro National University
| | - Julia Grinshpun
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Dmitry Frank
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Ruslan Kuts
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Evgeni Brotfain
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
| | - Jochanan Peiser
- Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
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Song C, Liu BP, Zhang YP, Peng Z, Wang J, Collier AD, Echevarria DJ, Savelieva KV, Lawrence RF, Rex CS, Meshalkina DA, Kalueff AV. Modeling consequences of prolonged strong unpredictable stress in zebrafish: Complex effects on behavior and physiology. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:384-394. [PMID: 28847526 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress is the major pathogenetic factor of human anxiety and depression. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have become a novel popular model species for neuroscience research and CNS drug discovery. The utility of zebrafish for mimicking human affective disorders is also rapidly growing. Here, we present a new zebrafish model of clinically relevant, prolonged unpredictable strong chronic stress (PUCS). The 5-week PUCS induced overt anxiety-like and motor retardation-like behaviors in adult zebrafish, also elevating whole-body cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines - interleukins IL-1β and IL-6. PUCS also elevated whole-body levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and increased the density of dendritic spines in zebrafish telencephalic neurons. Chronic treatment of fish with an antidepressant fluoxetine (0.1mg/L for 8days) normalized their behavioral and endocrine phenotypes, as well as corrected stress-elevated IL-1β and IL-6 levels, similar to clinical and rodent data. The CNS expression of the bdnf gene, the two genes of its receptors (trkB, p75), and the gfap gene of glia biomarker, the glial fibrillary acidic protein, was unaltered in all three groups. However, PUCS elevated whole-body BDNF levels and the telencephalic dendritic spine density (which were corrected by fluoxetine), thereby somewhat differing from the effects of chronic stress in rodents. Together, these findings support zebrafish as a useful in-vivo model of chronic stress, also calling for further cross-species studies of both shared/overlapping and distinct neurobiological responses to chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Song
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 3452001, Guangdong, China; Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Science, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 00001, Taiwan.
| | - Bai-Ping Liu
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 3452001, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Ping Zhang
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 3452001, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhilan Peng
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 3452001, Guangdong, China
| | - JiaJia Wang
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 3452001, Guangdong, China
| | - Adam D Collier
- ZENEREI Institute and the International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - David J Echevarria
- ZENEREI Institute and the International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
| | - Katerina V Savelieva
- ZENEREI Institute and the International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Robert F Lawrence
- Afraxis, Inc. 6605 Nancy Ridge Rd. Suite 224, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Christopher S Rex
- Afraxis, Inc. 6605 Nancy Ridge Rd. Suite 224, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Darya A Meshalkina
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 3960002, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 3452001, Guangdong, China; ZENEREI Institute and the International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA 70458, USA; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 3960002, Russia; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
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114
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de la Tremblaye PB, O'Neil DA, LaPorte MJ, Cheng JP, Beitchman JA, Thomas TC, Bondi CO, Kline AE. Elucidating opportunities and pitfalls in the treatment of experimental traumatic brain injury to optimize and facilitate clinical translation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 85:160-175. [PMID: 28576511 PMCID: PMC5709241 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to discuss the research presented in a symposium entitled "Current progress in characterizing therapeutic strategies and challenges in experimental CNS injury" which was presented at the 2016 International Behavioral Neuroscience Society annual meeting. Herein we discuss diffuse and focal traumatic brain injury (TBI) and ensuing chronic behavioral deficits as well as potential rehabilitative approaches. We also discuss the effects of stress on executive function after TBI as well as the response of the endocrine system and regulatory feedback mechanisms. The role of the endocannabinoids after CNS injury is also discussed. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of antipsychotic and antiepileptic drugs, which are provided to control TBI-induced agitation and seizures, respectively. The review consists predominantly of published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia B de la Tremblaye
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Darik A O'Neil
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Megan J LaPorte
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Cheng
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Joshua A Beitchman
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States; Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, United States; Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Theresa Currier Thomas
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States; Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, United States; Phoenix VA Healthcare System, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Corina O Bondi
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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115
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Dadomo H, Gioiosa L, Cigalotti J, Ceresini G, Parmigiani S, Palanza P. What is stressful for females? Differential effects of unpredictable environmental or social stress in CD1 female mice. Horm Behav 2018; 98:22-32. [PMID: 29187314 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stressful life events are a major factor in the etiology of several diseases, such as cardiovascular, inflammatory and psychiatric disorders (i.e., depression and anxiety), with the two sexes greatly differing in vulnerability. In humans and other animals, physiological and behavioral responses to stress are strongly dependent on gender, and conditions that are stressful for males are not necessarily stressful for females. Hence the need of an animal model of social chronic stress specifically designed for females. In the present study we aimed to compare the effects of two different chronic stress procedures in female mice, by investigating the impact of 4weeks of nonsocial unpredictable, physical stress by the Chronic Mild Stress paradigm (CMS; Exp.1) or of Social Instability Stress (SIS; Exp.2) on physiological, endocrine and behavioral parameters in adult female mice. CMS had a pronounced effect on females' response to novelty (i.e., either novel environment or novel social stimulus), body weight growth and hormonal profile. Conversely, 4weeks of social instability did not alter females' response to novelty nor hormonal levels but induced anhedonia. Our findings thus showed that female mice were more sensitive to nonsocial stress due to unpredictable physical environment than to social instability stressors. Neither of these stress paradigms, however, induced a consistent behavioral and physiological stress response in female mice comparable to that induced by chronic stress procedures in male mice, thus confirming the difficulties of developing a robust and validated model of chronic psychosocial stress in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Dadomo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Gioiosa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Jenny Cigalotti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Graziano Ceresini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Parmigiani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainaibility, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Palanza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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116
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Saszik SM, Smith CM. The impact of stress on social behavior in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). Behav Pharmacol 2018; 29:53-59. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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117
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Longo A, Fadda M, Brasso C, Mele P, Palanza P, Nanavaty I, Bertocchi I, Oberto A, Eva C. Conditional inactivation of Npy1r gene in mice induces behavioural inflexibility and orbitofrontal cortex hyperactivity that are reversed by escitalopram. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:12-22. [PMID: 29353053 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility is the ability to rapidly adapt established patterns of behaviour in the face of changing circumstance and depends critically on the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Impaired flexibility also results from altered serotonin transmission in the OFC. The Y1 (Y1R) and Y5 (Y5R) receptors for neuropeptide Y (NPY) colocalize in several brain regions and have overlapping functions in regulating cognition and emotional behaviour. The targeted disruption of gene encoding Y1R (Npy1r gene) in Y5R containing neurons (Npy1rY5R-/- mice) increases anxiety-like behaviour and spatial reference memory. Here we used the same conditional system to analyse whether the coordinated expression of the Y1R and Y5R might be required for behavioural flexibility in reversal learning tasks, OFC serotoninergic tone and OFC neural activity, as detected by immunohistochemical quantification of the immediate-early gene, c-Fos. In addition, we investigated whether the acute treatment of Npy1rY5R-/- mice with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram affected behavioural flexibility and OFC c-Fos expression. Npy1rY5R-/- male mice exhibit an impairment in performing the reversal task of the Morris water maze and the water T-maze but normal spatial learning, working memory and sociability, compared to their control siblings. Furthermore, Npy1rY5R-/- male mice display decreased 5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT) positive fibres and increased baseline neural activity in OFC. Importantly, escitalopram normalizes OFC neural activity and restores behavioural flexibility of Npy1rY5R-/- male mice. These findings suggest that the inactivation of Y1R in Y5R containing neurons increases pyramidal neuron activity and dysregulates serotoninergic tone in OFC, whereby contributing to reversal learning impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Longo
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Melissa Fadda
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Brasso
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Mele
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Palanza
- Department of Medicine - Neuroscience Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ishira Nanavaty
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bertocchi
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oberto
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Carola Eva
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri-Ottolenghi Foundation, Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, C.so Massimo d'Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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Activity in the Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Necessary for the Therapeutic Effects of Extinction in Rats. J Neurosci 2018; 38:1408-1417. [PMID: 29335360 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0635-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor response and high relapse rates remain problematic in the treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Although mechanisms of pharmacotherapies are intensely studied, little is known about mechanisms of behavioral therapy that could inform improved treatments. We have previously demonstrated the therapeutic effects of extinction learning as a behavioral intervention modeling exposure therapy in rats. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that activity in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) during extinction is necessary for its therapeutic effects. The inhibitory Gi-coupled designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drug CaMKIIα-hM4Di was expressed in vmPFC before administering chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). vmPFC projection neurons were then inhibited during extinction treatment by administering clozapine-N-oxide. Coping behavior and cognitive flexibility were assessed 24 h later on the shock-probe defensive burying test and attentional set-shifting test, respectively. Replicating previous results, extinction reversed the CUS-induced deficits in coping behavior and cognitive flexibility. Inhibiting vmPFC during extinction blocked these therapeutic effects. Further, increasing vmPFC activity with the excitatory Gq-coupled designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drug hM3Dq 24 h before testing was sufficient to reverse the CUS-induced deficits. CUS reduced mPFC responsivity, assessed by measuring afferent-evoked field potentials in the mPFC, and this reduction was reversed by extinction treatment 24 h before testing. These results demonstrate the necessity of vmPFC activity in the therapeutic effects of extinction as a model of exposure therapy, and suggest that increased vmPFC activity induced by extinction is sufficient to produce lasting plastic changes that underlie its beneficial effects.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Stress-related psychiatric disorders remain poorly treated. Psychotherapies can be effective, but their mechanisms remain unknown, hindering progress toward improved treatment. We used a rat model of behavioral therapy to identify potential targets for enhancing treatment. Fear extinction as a therapeutic behavioral intervention reversed stress-induced cognitive dysfunction and passive coping in rats, modeling components of stress-related psychiatric disease. Extinction also reversed stress-induced attenuation of mPFC responsivity. The therapeutic effects were prevented by blocking activity of glutamatergic neurons in the mPFC during extinction, and were mimicked by inducing activity in lieu of extinction. Thus, activity and plasticity in the mPFC underlie the beneficial effects of extinction on cognitive flexibility and coping behavior compromised by stress, and could be targets to enhance behavioral therapy.
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119
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Bilobalide alleviates depression-like behavior and cognitive deficit induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in mice. Behav Pharmacol 2018; 27:596-605. [PMID: 27509313 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bilobalide (BB), a unique constituent of Ginkgo biloba, has powerful neuroprotection and stress-alleviating properties. However, whether BB exerts a positive effect on depression and cognitive deficit induced by chronic stress is not known. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of BB on depression and cognitive impairments induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in mice. During daily exposure to stressors for 5 consecutive weeks, mice were administered BB at the doses of 0, 3, or 6 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally. We replicated the finding that CUMS induced depression-like behavior and cognitive deficits as the CUMS+vehicle (VEH) group showed a significant increase in immobility in the tail suspension test, a decrease in the discrimination index of the novel object recognition task, and increased latency to platform and decreased number of platform crossings in the Morris water maze compared with the control+VEH group. Chronic administration of BB effectively reversed these alterations. In addition, the CUMS+VEH group showed significantly higher levels of baseline serum corticosterone than those of the control+VEH group and BB dose-dependently inhibited this effect. Our results suggest that BB may be useful for inhibition of depression-like behavior and cognitive deficits, and this protective effect was possibly exerted partly through an action on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
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120
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YL-0919, a dual 5-HT 1A partial agonist and SSRI, produces antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects in rats subjected to chronic unpredictable stress. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:12-23. [PMID: 28858297 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
YL-0919 has been identified as a novel dual 5-HT1A partial agonist and serotonin reuptake inhibitor. In the current study, we demonstrated that YL-0919 produced prominent antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like effects in a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) rat model. Male SD rats were exposed to CUS for 5 weeks; YL-0919 (1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg) or a positive control fluoxetine (Flx, 10 mg/kg) was orally administered daily. YL-0919 or Flx treatment significantly increased the sucrose preference rate, the locomotor activity in an open field test (OFT), the latency to feed in a novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), and both the percentage of time spent in the open arms and the number of entries into the open arms in an elevated plus-maze test. YL-0919 or Flx treatment significantly suppressed the serum levels of ACTH and corticosterone in CUS-exposed rats. Additionally, YL-0919 or Flx treatment significantly enhanced the levels of cAMP, the expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus of CUS-exposed rats. Similar to Flx, YL-0919 treatment significantly enhanced the dendritic complexity, and increased the number of dendritic nodes as well as the spine length and number of branch nodes in the hippocampal pyramidal neurons of CUS-exposed rats. Overall, our results reveal that YL-0919 suppresses the HPA axis and exerts antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like effects in CUS-exposed rats, which are associated with the enhanced cAMP signaling and hippocampal dendritic complexity.
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121
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Prenatal stress-induced impairments of cognitive flexibility and bidirectional synaptic plasticity are possibly associated with autophagy in adolescent male-offspring. Exp Neurol 2017; 298:68-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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122
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Quercetin ameliorates chronic unpredicted stress-induced behavioral dysfunction in male Swiss albino mice by modulating hippocampal insulin signaling pathway. Physiol Behav 2017; 182:10-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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123
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Martis LS, Krog S, Tran TP, Bouzinova E, Christiansen SL, Møller A, Holmes MC, Wiborg O. The effect of rat strain and stress exposure on performance in touchscreen tasks. Physiol Behav 2017; 184:83-90. [PMID: 29129610 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients suffering from depression-associated cognitive impairments often recover incompletely after remission from the core symptoms of depression (lack of energy, depressed mood and anhedonia). This study aimed to set the basis for clinically relevant testing of cognitive impairments in a preclinical model of depression. Hence, we used the chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression, which provokes the core symptom of anhedonia in a fraction of the stress exposed animals, while others remain resilient, and assessed the entire CMS groups' cognitive performance on the touchscreen operant platform. Specifically, we applied the pairwise discrimination (PD) and reversal task including a retention phase on Wistar and Long Evans controls and CMS exposed Long Evans rats. We observed differences between the albino Wistar and the pigmented Long Evans strain regarding performance in the PD and reversal task as well as in memory consolidation. CMS exposure did not alter learning and memory in the PD and reversal task, even though it altered affective behaviours in the elevated plus-maze and open field test. This is likely due to the heterogeneity of the CMS group, in which stress exposure elicited the expected range of phenotypes from anhedonic-like to resilient shown with the sucrose consumption test. Thus, our study suggests that pigmented rat strains, such as Long Evans, are superior to albino rats in the vision-based touchscreen studies. Furthermore, we propose investigation of the CMS subgroups in more complex, hippocampus-dependent tasks to refine a translational preclinical model of depression-induced cognitive impairments. Hence, this study increased awareness of strain-specific differences in touchscreen performance and added to the literature regarding the sensitivity of the PD and reversal task to stress-induced cognitive alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena-Sophie Martis
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Simone Krog
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Thao Phuong Tran
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Elena Bouzinova
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Sofie L Christiansen
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Arne Møller
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Megan C Holmes
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ove Wiborg
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark; Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark
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Rodberg EM, den Hartog CR, Anderson RI, Becker H, Moorman DE, Vazey EM. Stress Facilitates the Development of Cognitive Dysfunction After Chronic Ethanol Exposure. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:1574-1583. [PMID: 28753742 PMCID: PMC5592109 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to stress or alcohol can drive neuroadaptations that alter cognition. Alterations in cognition may contribute to alcohol use disorders by reducing cognitive control over drinking and maintenance of abstinence. Here we examined effects of combined ethanol (EtOH) and stress exposure on prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent cognition. METHODS Adult male C57BL/6J mice were trained to drink EtOH (15%, v/v) on a 1 h/d 1-bottle schedule. Once stable, mice were exposed to cycles of chronic intermittent EtOH (CIE) or air-control vapor exposure (Air), followed by test cycles of 1 h/d EtOH drinking. During test drinking, mice received no stress (NS) or 10 minutes of forced swim stress (FSS) 4 hours before each test. This schedule produced 4 experimental groups: control, Air/NS; EtOH-dependent no stress, CIE/NS; nondependent stress, Air/FSS; or EtOH-dependent stress, CIE/FSS. After 2 cycles of CIE and FSS exposure, we assessed PFC-dependent cognition using object/context recognition and attentional set shifting. At the end of the study, mice were perfused and brains were collected for measurement of c-Fos activity in PFC and locus coeruleus (LC). RESULTS CIE/FSS mice escalated EtOH intake faster than CIE/NS and consumed more EtOH than Air/NS across all test cycles. After 2 cycles of CIE/FSS, mice showed impairments in contextual learning and extradimensional set-shifting relative to other groups. In addition to cognitive dysfunction, CIE/FSS mice demonstrated widespread reductions in c-Fos activity within prelimbic and infralimbic PFC as well as LC. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings show that interactions between EtOH and stress exposure rapidly lead to disruptions in signaling across cognitive networks and impairments in PFC-dependent cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David E. Moorman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA
| | - Elena M. Vazey
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA
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Thakur T, Gulati K, Rai N, Ray A. Experimental studies on possible regulatory role of nitric oxide on the differential effects of chronic predictable and unpredictable stress on adaptive immune responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 50:236-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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126
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Drozd R, Rojek-Sito K, Rygula R. The trait ‘pessimism’ does not interact with cognitive flexibility but makes rats more vulnerable to stress-induced motivational deficits: Results from the attentional set-shifting task. Behav Brain Res 2017; 335:199-207. [PMID: 28842268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Drozd
- Affective Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Rojek-Sito
- Affective Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Rafal Rygula
- Affective Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
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Ordway GA, Szebeni A, Hernandez LJ, Crawford JD, Szebeni K, Chandley MJ, Burgess KC, Miller C, Bakkalbasi E, Brown RW. Antidepressant-Like Actions of Inhibitors of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase in Rodent Models. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:994-1004. [PMID: 29016792 PMCID: PMC5716178 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients suffering from depressive disorders are refractory to treatment with currently available antidepressant medications, while many more exhibit only a partial response. These factors drive research to discover new pharmacological approaches to treat depression. Numerous studies demonstrate evidence of inflammation and elevated oxidative stress in major depression. Recently, major depression has been shown to be associated with elevated levels of DNA oxidation in brain cells, accompanied by increased gene expression of the nuclear base excision repair enzyme, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1. Given these findings and evidence that drugs that inhibit poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity have antiinflammatory and neuroprotective properties, the present study was undertaken to examine the potential antidepressant properties of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. METHODS Two rodent models, the Porsolt swim test and repeated exposure to psychological stressors, were used to test the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide, for potential antidepressant activity. Another poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, 5-aminoisoquinolinone, was also tested. RESULTS Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors produced antidepressant-like effects in the Porsolt swim test, decreasing immobility time, and increasing latency to immobility, similar to the effects of fluoxetine. In addition, 3-aminobenzamide treatment increased sucrose preference and social interaction times relative to vehicle-treated control rats following repeated exposure to combined social defeat and unpredictable stress, mediating effects similar to fluoxetine treatment. CONCLUSIONS The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors 3-aminobenzamide and 5-aminoisoquinolinone exhibit antidepressant-like activity in 2 rodent stress models and uncover poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as a unique molecular target for the potential development of a novel class of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Ordway
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi),Correspondence: Gregory A. Ordway, PhD, East Tennessee State University, PO Box 70577, Johnson City, 37614 ()
| | - Attila Szebeni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Liza J Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Jessica D Crawford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Katalin Szebeni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Michelle J Chandley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Katherine C Burgess
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Corwin Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Erol Bakkalbasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
| | - Russell W Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Drs Ordway and Szebeni, Ms Hernandez, Drs Crawford and Szebeni, Ms Burgess, and Dr Brown) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Dr Ordway), James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; Department of Health Sciences, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee (Dr Chandley); DS Therapeutics, Houston, Texas (Dr Miller and Dr Bakkalbasi)
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Parashar A, Mehta V, Udayabanu M. Rutin alleviates chronic unpredictable stress-induced behavioral alterations and hippocampal damage in mice. Neurosci Lett 2017; 656:65-71. [PMID: 28732760 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress results in neurological complications like depression, cognitive dysfunction, and anxiety disorders. In our previous study, we observed that Urtica dioica leaf extract attenuated chronic stress-induced complications. Further, we observed that Urtica dioica contained a great amount of the flavonoid rutin in it. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the effect of rutin on 21days chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) mouse model. CUS led to a decline in locomotion & muscle coordination abilities, cognitive deficits, anxiety, and depression. These neurobehavioral outcomes were associated with neurodegeneration in the CA3 region of the hippocampus as found by H&E staining. Rutin efficiently rescued the CUS-induced behavioral deficits by reducing depression, anxiety, improving cognition, and locomotor & muscle coordination skills. Further, rutin treatment protected the CUS-induced hippocampal neuronal loss. This study establishes the neuroprotective effect of rutin in chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Parashar
- Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Teh- Kandaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India
| | - Vineet Mehta
- Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Teh- Kandaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India
| | - Malairaman Udayabanu
- Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Teh- Kandaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India.
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129
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Sex differences in the effect of chronic mild stress on mouse prefrontal cortical BDNF levels: A role of major ovarian hormones. Neuroscience 2017; 356:89-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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130
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Rakesh G, Szabo ST, Alexopoulos GS, Zannas AS. Strategies for dementia prevention: latest evidence and implications. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2017; 8:121-136. [PMID: 28815009 DOI: 10.1177/2040622317712442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a common and debilitating syndrome with enormous impact on individuals and societies. Preventing disease onset or progression would translate to public health and societal benefits. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence on interventions that may show promise for the prevention of cognitive decline. We appraise existing evidence primarily drawn from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, but also highlight observational studies in humans and relevant work in model organisms. Overall, there is currently limited evidence to support a cause-effect relationship between any preventive strategy and the development or progression of dementia. However, studies to date suggest that a multifactorial intervention comprising regular exercise and healthy diet, along with the amelioration of vascular risk factors, psychosocial stress, and major depressive episodes may be most promising for the prevention of cognitive decline. We discuss the challenges, future directions, and implications of this line of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalkumar Rakesh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Steven T Szabo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - George S Alexopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, White Plains, NY, USA
| | - Anthony S Zannas
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany
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Bilal N, Suhail N, Hasan S, Ashraf GM, Fatima S, Khan HY, Alharbi MS, Alexiou A, Banu N. Exacerbation of N-nitrosodiethylamine Induced Hepatotoxicity and DNA Damage in Mice Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Stress. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:360. [PMID: 28663731 PMCID: PMC5472085 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress contributes to increased susceptibility to a number of diseases including cancer. The present study was designed to assess the effect of chronic unpredictable stress on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced liver toxicity in terms of in vivo antioxidant status and DNA damage in Swiss albino mice. The animals used in this study were randomized into different groups based on the treatment with N-nitrosodiethylamine or chronic unpredictable stress alone and post-stress administration of N-nitrosodiethylamine. The mice were sacrificed after 12 weeks of treatment, and the status of major enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, liver function markers, lipid peroxidation and the extent of DNA damage were determined in circulation and liver tissues of all the groups. The N-nitrosodiethylamine treated group showed significantly compromised levels of the antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and the liver function markers with enhanced DNA damage as compared to chronic unpredictable stress or control groups. A similar but less typical pattern observed in the chronic unpredictable stress treated mice. All the measured biochemical parameters were significantly altered in the group treated with the combination of chronic unpredictable stress and N-nitrosodiethylamine when compared to controls, or chronic unpredictable stress alone and/or N-nitrosodiethylamine alone treated groups. Thus, exposure to continuous, unpredictable stress conditions even in general life may significantly enhance the hepatotoxic potential of N-nitrosodiethylamine through an increase in the oxidative stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeem Bilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | - Nida Suhail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border UniversityArar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shirin Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India.,Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, MaywoodIL, United States
| | - Ghulam M Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabiha Fatima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husain Y Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India
| | - Mariam S Alharbi
- College of Medical RehabilitationQassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Naheed Banu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh, India.,College of Medical RehabilitationQassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Chronic-Stress-Induced Behavioral Changes Associated with Subregion-Selective Serotonin Cell Death in the Dorsal Raphe. J Neurosci 2017; 37:6214-6223. [PMID: 28546314 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3781-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study examined the neurochemical mechanisms and neuroanatomical changes underlying coexisting behavioral effects associated with chronic-stress-induced alterations in serotonin (5HT) neurons. Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) to adult male rats produced depression-like changes with cognitive dysfunction and selective cell death in the interfascicular nucleus of the dorsal raphe (DRif), resulting in decreased 5HTergic innervation of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Twenty-one days of CUS decreased basal plasma levels of corticosterone and produced a shorter latency to immobility and longer durations of immobility in the force-swim test that persisted for 1 month after CUS. Deficits in acquisition, recall, perseveration, and reversal learning were evident 1 month after CUS. MK801 treatment during CUS blocked the changes in the forced-swim test and deficits in memory recall. These behavioral changes were associated with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive soma and the eventual loss of 5HT neurons in the DRif and its projections to the mPFC as evidenced by fewer labeled cells in the DRif after retrograde tracer injections into the mPFC of stressed rats. Similar to the effects of MK801 on behavior, MK801 pretreatment during stress blocked the CUS-induced decreases in 5HT soma within the DRif and its projections to the mPFC. Finally, the depression-like behaviors were blocked by acute injection of the 5HT2A/C agonist (-)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine hydrochloride into the mPFC before forced-swim testing. These results identify a cause and mechanism of 5HTergic dysfunction of the mPFC and associated mood and cognitive behaviors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Chronic stress causes persistent mood and cognitive changes typically associated with dysregulated serotonin (5HT) transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), but the cause of this dysregulation is unknown. Prior studies have focused on 5HTergic terminals in this region, but this study shows that chronic stress causes NMDA-receptor-dependent and subregion-specific cell death of 5HT neurons in the dorsal raphe. The consequent decreased 5HT innervation of the mPFC was associated with mood and cognitive changes that persisted long after the termination of stress. These findings identify a mechanism of subregion-selective death of 5HT neurons in the dorsal raphe, a defined neuroanatomical pathway, and a behavioral phenotype that mirror stress-associated diseases such as major depressive disorder.
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Karisetty BC, Khandelwal N, Kumar A, Chakravarty S. Sex difference in mouse hypothalamic transcriptome profile in stress-induced depression model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:1122-1128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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134
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Hare BD, Ghosal S, Duman RS. Rapid Acting Antidepressants in Chronic Stress Models: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms. CHRONIC STRESS 2017. [PMID: 28649673 PMCID: PMC5482287 DOI: 10.1177/2470547017697317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stress-associated disorders, including depression and anxiety, impact nearly 20% of individuals in the United States. The social, health, and economic burden imposed by stress-associated disorders requires in depth research efforts to identify suitable treatment strategies. Traditional medications (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors) have significant limitations, notably a time lag for therapeutic response that is compounded by low rates of efficacy. Excitement over ketamine, a rapid acting antidepressant effective in treatment resistant patients, is tempered by transient dissociative and psychotomimetic effects, as well as abuse potential. Rodent stress models are commonly used to produce behavioral abnormalities that resemble those observed in stress-associated disorders. Stress models also produce molecular and cellular morphological changes in stress sensitive brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus that resemble alterations observed in depression. Rapid acting antidepressants such as ketamine can rescue stress-associated morphological and behavioral changes in rodent models. Here, we review the literature supporting a role for rapid acting antidepressants in opposing the effects of stress, and summarize research efforts seeking to elucidate the molecular, cellular, and circuit level targets of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan D Hare
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sriparna Ghosal
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ronald S Duman
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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135
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Martin V, Allaïli N, Euvrard M, Marday T, Riffaud A, Franc B, Mocaër E, Gabriel C, Fossati P, Lehericy S, Lanfumey L. Effect of agomelatine on memory deficits and hippocampal gene expression induced by chronic social defeat stress in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 8:45907. [PMID: 28374847 PMCID: PMC5379201 DOI: 10.1038/srep45907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is known to induce not only anxiety and depressive-like phenotypes in mice but also cognitive impairments, for which the action of classical antidepressant compounds remains unsatisfactory. In this context, we investigated the effects of chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) on anxiety-, social- and cognitive-related behaviors, as well as hippocampal Bdnf, synaptic plasticity markers (PSD-95, Synaptophysin, Spinophilin, Synapsin I and MAP-2), and epigenetic modifying enzymes (MYST2, HDAC2, HDAC6, MLL3, KDM5B, DNMT3B, GADD45B) gene expression in C57BL/6J mice. CSDS for 10 days provoked long-lasting anxious-like phenotype in the open field and episodic memory deficits in the novel object recognition test. While total Bdnf mRNA level was unchanged, Bdnf exon IV, MAP-2, HDAC2, HDAC6 and MLL3 gene expression was significantly decreased in the CSDS mouse hippocampus. In CSDS mice treated 3 weeks with 50 mg/kg/d agomelatine, an antidepressant with melatonergic receptor agonist and 5-HT2C receptor antagonist properties, the anxious-like phenotype was not reversed, but the treatment successfully prevented the cognitive impairments and hippocampal gene expression modifications. Altogether, these data evidenced that, in mice, agomelatine was effective in alleviating stress-induced altered cognitive functions, possibly through a mechanism involving BDNF signaling, synaptic plasticity and epigenetic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Martin
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM UMR 894, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Najib Allaïli
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche - CENIR- Inserm UMR1127- CNRS 7225, Institut Cerveau Moelle - ICM, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UMR S 1127, Paris, France
| | - Marine Euvrard
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM UMR 894, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Tevrasamy Marday
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM UMR 894, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Armance Riffaud
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM UMR 894, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Franc
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM UMR 894, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Mocaër
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, IRIS, Suresnes, France
| | - Cecilia Gabriel
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, IRIS, Suresnes, France
| | - Philippe Fossati
- Social and Affective Neuroscience - SAN Laboratory - Inserm U 1127- CNRS UMR 7225- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle- ICM - Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UMR S 1127, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Lehericy
- Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche - CENIR- Inserm UMR1127- CNRS 7225, Institut Cerveau Moelle - ICM, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UMR S 1127, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Lanfumey
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, INSERM UMR 894, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Ginsenoside Rg1-induced antidepressant effects involve the protection of astrocyte gap junctions within the prefrontal cortex. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 75:183-191. [PMID: 27876669 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) exhibits antidepressant-like activity by increasing neurogenesis and dendritic spine density without discernible side effects. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying Rg1 antidepressant activity remain poorly understood. As the dysfunction of gap junctions between astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is implicated in major depression disorder, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Rg1 on astrocyte gap junctions in the PFC. Rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) were administered Rg1 (5, 10, and 20mg/kg) for 28days and analyzed for depressive symptoms using the sucrose preference and forced swimming tests. Functional and morphological changes of gap junction channels in the PFC were evaluated using dye transfer and electron microscopy, respectively. The expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) was analyzed by western blotting. Rg1 markedly alleviated depression-like behavior in rats. Long-term Rg1 treatment of CUS-exposed rats also significantly prevented the decrease in dye diffusion and improved the ultrastructure of astrocyte gap junctions in the PFC, indicating beneficial effects on the functional activity of gap junction channels in the brain. In addition, Rg1 upregulated Cx43 expression in the PFC reduced by CUS exposure, which significantly correlated with its antidepressant-like effects. The results demonstrate that Rg1-induced antidepressant effects are might be mediated, in part, by protecting astrocyte gap junctions within the prefrontal cortex.
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137
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Jett JD, Bulin SE, Hatherall LC, McCartney CM, Morilak DA. Deficits in cognitive flexibility induced by chronic unpredictable stress are associated with impaired glutamate neurotransmission in the rat medial prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 2017; 346:284-297. [PMID: 28131625 PMCID: PMC5344040 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in cognitive flexibility, the ability to modify behavior in response to changes in the environment, contribute to the onset and maintenance of stress-related neuropsychiatric illnesses, such as depression. Cognitive flexibility depends on medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) function, and in depressed patients, cognitive inflexibility is associated with hypoactivity and decreased glutamate receptor expression in the mPFC. Rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) exhibit compromised mPFC function on the extradimensional (ED) set-shifting task of the attentional set-shifting test. Moreover, CUS-induced ED deficits are associated with dendritic atrophy and decreased glutamate receptor expression in the mPFC. This evidence suggests that impaired glutamate signaling may underlie stress-induced deficits in cognitive flexibility. To test this hypothesis, we first demonstrated that blocking NMDA or AMPA receptors in the mPFC during ED replicated CUS-induced deficits in naïve rats. Secondly, we found that expression of activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) mRNA, a marker of behaviorally induced glutamate-mediated plasticity, was increased in the mPFC following ED. We then showed that CUS compromised excitatory afferent activation of the mPFC following pharmacological stimulation of the mediodorsal thalamus (MDT), indicated by a reduced induction of c-fos expression. Subsequently, in vivo recordings of evoked potentials in the mPFC indicated that CUS impaired afferent activation of the mPFC evoked by MDT stimulation, but not the ventral hippocampus. Lastly, glutamate microdialysis showed that CUS attenuated the acute stress-evoked increase in extracellular glutamate in the mPFC. Together, these results demonstrate that CUS-induced ED deficits are associated with compromised glutamate neurotransmission in the mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne D Jett
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Sarah E Bulin
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lauren C Hatherall
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Carlie M McCartney
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - David A Morilak
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Gawali NB, Bulani VD, Gursahani MS, Deshpande PS, Kothavade PS, Juvekar AR. Agmatine attenuates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced anxiety, depression-like behaviours and cognitive impairment by modulating nitrergic signalling pathway. Brain Res 2017; 1663:66-77. [PMID: 28302445 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Agmatine, a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator, has shown to exert numerous effects on the CNS. Chronic stress is a risk factor for development of depression, anxiety and deterioration of cognitive performance. Compelling evidences indicate an involvement of nitric oxide (NO) pathway in these disorders. Hence, investigation of the beneficial effects of agmatine on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression, anxiety and cognitive performance with the involvement of nitrergic pathway was undertaken. Mice were subjected to a battery of stressors for 28days. Agmatine (20 and 40mg/kg, i.p.) alone and in combination with NO modulators like L-NAME (15mg/kg, i.p.) and l-arginine (400mg/kg i.p.) were administered daily. The results showed that 4-weeks CUMS produces significant depression and anxiety-like behaviour. Stressed mice have also shown a significant high serum corticosterone (CORT) and low BDNF level. Chronic treatment with agmatine produced significant antidepressant-like behaviour in forced swim test (FST) and sucrose preference test, whereas, anxiolytic-like behaviour in elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) with improved cognitive impairment in Morris water maze (MWM). Furthermore, agmatine administration reduced the levels of acetylcholinesterase and oxidative stress markers. In addition, agmatine treatment significantly increased the BDNF level and inhibited serum CORT level in stressed mice. Treatment with L-NAME (15mg/kg) potentiated the effect of agmatine whereas l-arginine abolished the anxiolytic, antidepressant and neuroprotective effects of agmatine. Agmatine showed marked effect on depression and anxiety-like behaviour in mice through nitrergic pathway, which may be related to modulation of oxidative-nitrergic stress, CORT and BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin B Gawali
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Vipin D Bulani
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Malvika S Gursahani
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Padmini S Deshpande
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Pankaj S Kothavade
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Archana R Juvekar
- Pharmacology Research Lab 1, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, India.
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Gao Y, Ma J, Tang J, Liang X, Huang CX, Wang SR, Chen LM, Wang FF, Tan CX, Chao FL, Zhang L, Qiu X, Luo YM, Xiao Q, Du L, Xiao Q, Tang Y. White matter atrophy and myelinated fiber disruption in a rat model of depression. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:1922-1933. [PMID: 28118485 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Brain imaging and postmortem studies have indicated that white matter abnormalities may contribute to the pathology and pathogenesis of depression. However, until now, no study has quantitatively investigated white matter changes in depression in rats. The current study used the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model of depression. Body weight and sucrose preference test (SPT) scores were assessed weekly. Upon successfully establishing the CUS animal model, all animals were tested using the SPT and the open field test (OFT). Then, transmission electron microscopy and unbiased stereological methods were used to investigate white matter changes in the rats. Compared with the control group, the body weight and sucrose preference of the CUS rats were significantly decreased (p < .001, p < .001, respectively). In the OFT, the total time spent and the total distance traveled in the inner area by the CUS rats were significantly lower than those of the control group (p = .002, p = .001, respectively). The stereological results revealed that white matter volume, the total volume, and the total length and mean diameter of myelinated fibers in the white matter of the CUS rats were significantly decreased compared to the control rats (p = .042, p = .038, p = .035, p = .019, respectively). The results of this study suggested that white matter atrophy and disruption of myelinated fibers in the white matter may contribute to the pathophysiology underlying depression, which might provide new targets for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Xia Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - San-Rong Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lin-Mu Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Fei Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Xue Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lei Chao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Qiu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Min Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lian Du
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Mehta V, Parashar A, Sharma A, Singh TR, Udayabanu M. Quercetin ameliorates chronic unpredicted stress-mediated memory dysfunction in male Swiss albino mice by attenuating insulin resistance and elevating hippocampal GLUT4 levels independent of insulin receptor expression. Horm Behav 2017; 89:13-22. [PMID: 28025042 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress is associated with impaired neuronal functioning, altered insulin signaling, and behavioral dysfunction. Quercetin has shown neuroprotective and antidiabetic effects, besides modulating cognition and insulin signaling. Therefore, in the present study, we explored whether or not quercetin ameliorates stress-mediated cognitive dysfunction and explored the underlying mechanism. Swiss albino male mice were subjected to an array of unpredicted stressors for 21days, during which 30mg/kg quercetin treatment was given orally. The effect of chronic unpredicted stress (CUS) and quercetin treatment on cognition were evaluated using novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. Hippocampal neuronal integrity was observed by histopathological examination. Blood glucose, serum corticosterone, and insulin levels were measured by commercial kits and insulin resistance was evaluated in terms of HOMA-IR index. Hippocampal insulin signaling was determined by immunofluorescence staining. CUS induced significant cognitive dysfunction (NOR and MWM) and severely damaged hippocampal neurons, especially in the CA3 region. Quercetin treatment alleviated memory dysfunction and rescued neurons from CUS-mediated damage. Fasting blood glucose, serum corticosterone, and serum insulin were significantly elevated in stressed animals, besides, having significantly higher HOMA-IR index, suggesting the development of insulin resistance. Quercetin treatment alleviated insulin resistance and attenuated altered biochemical parameters. CUS markedly down-regulated insulin signaling in CA3 region and quercetin treatment improved neuronal GLUT4 expression, which seemed to be independent of insulin and insulin receptor levels. These results suggest that intact insulin functioning in the hippocampus is essential for cognitive functions and quercetin improves CUS-mediated cognitive dysfunction by modulating hippocampal insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Mehta
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh -173234, India
| | - Arun Parashar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh -173234, India
| | - Arun Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh -173234, India
| | - Tiratha Raj Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh -173234, India
| | - Malairaman Udayabanu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Pharmacy, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh -173234, India.
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141
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Mehta V, Parashar A, Udayabanu M. Quercetin prevents chronic unpredictable stress induced behavioral dysfunction in mice by alleviating hippocampal oxidative and inflammatory stress. Physiol Behav 2017; 171:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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de Araújo Costa Folha OA, Bahia CP, de Aguiar GPS, Herculano AM, Coelho NLG, de Sousa MBC, Shiramizu VKM, de Menezes Galvão AC, de Carvalho WA, Pereira A. Effect of chronic stress during adolescence in prefrontal cortex structure and function. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:44-51. [PMID: 28238824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Critical periods of plasticity (CPPs) are defined by developmental intervals wherein neuronal circuits are most susceptible to environmental influences. The CPP of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which controls executive functions, extends up to early adulthood and, like other cortical areas, reflects the maturation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) surrounding the cell bodies of specialized inhibitory interneurons. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of chronic stress on both structure and function of the adolescent's rat PFC. We subjected P28 rats to stressful situations for 7, 15 and 35days and evaluated the spatial distribution of histochemically-labeled PNNs in both the Medial Prefrontal Cortex (MPFC) and the Orbitofrontal Cortex (OFC) and PFC-associated behavior as well. Chronic stress affects PFC development, slowing PNN maturation in both the (MPFC) and (OFC) while negatively affecting functions associated with these areas. We speculate upon the risks of prolonged exposure to stressful environments in human adolescents and the possibility of stunted development of executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otávio Augusto de Araújo Costa Folha
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 1, 66035-160 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Carlomagno Pacheco Bahia
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 1, 66035-160 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Gisele Priscila Soares de Aguiar
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 1, 66035-160 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Anderson Manoel Herculano
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa, 1, 66075-110 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Nicole Leite Galvão Coelho
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Victor Kenji Medeiros Shiramizu
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília de Menezes Galvão
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Walther Augusto de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 1, 66035-160 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Antonio Pereira
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 1, 66035-160 Belém, PA, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil.
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143
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Carreno FR, Collins GT, Frazer A, Lodge DJ. Selective Pharmacological Augmentation of Hippocampal Activity Produces a Sustained Antidepressant-Like Response without Abuse-Related or Psychotomimetic Effects. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:504-509. [PMID: 28339593 PMCID: PMC5458335 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selective augmentation of hippocampal activity in ways similar to that caused by ketamine may have therapeutic advantages over ketamine, which has psychotomimetic and reinforcing effects likely due to effects outside the hippocampus (i.e., off-target effects). METHODS Here we evaluated the antidepressant-like response to a negative allosteric modulator of α5 subunit- containing gamma aminobutyric acid subtype A receptors, L-655,708, as these receptors are expressed to a much greater extent in the hippocampus than in other brain areas. RESULTS Systemic administration of L-655,708 produced a sustained antidepressant-like effect in the forced swim test that was comparable with that of ketamine and was blocked by hippocampal inactivation with lidocaine. However, in contrast to ketamine, L-655,708 did not affect prepulse inhibition of startle, nor did it maintain responding in rats trained to self-administer i.v. ketamine. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that activation of the hippocampus by L-655,708 produces an antidepressant-like effect in the absence of any psychotomimetic or abuse-related effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia R. Carreno
- Department of Pharmacology (Drs Carreno, Collins, Frazer, and Lodge), and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience (Drs Carreno, Frazer, and Lodge), University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (Drs Collins and Frazer)
| | - Gregory T. Collins
- Department of Pharmacology (Drs Carreno, Collins, Frazer, and Lodge), and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience (Drs Carreno, Frazer, and Lodge), University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (Drs Collins and Frazer)
| | - Alan Frazer
- Department of Pharmacology (Drs Carreno, Collins, Frazer, and Lodge), and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience (Drs Carreno, Frazer, and Lodge), University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (Drs Collins and Frazer)
| | - Daniel J. Lodge
- Department of Pharmacology (Drs Carreno, Collins, Frazer, and Lodge), and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience (Drs Carreno, Frazer, and Lodge), University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas (Drs Collins and Frazer)
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144
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Wang C, Guo J, Guo R. Effect of XingPiJieYu decoction on spatial learning and memory and cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF pathway in rat model of depression through chronic unpredictable stress. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:73. [PMID: 28118829 PMCID: PMC5260079 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mental disorder characterized by a pervasive low mood and loss of pleasure or interest in usual activities, and often results in cognitive dysfunction. The disturbance of cognitive processes associated with depression, especially the impairment of learning and memory, exacerbates illness and increases recurrence of depression. XingPiJieYu (XPJY) is one of the most widely clinical formulas of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and can improve the symptoms of depression, including learning and memory. However, its regulatory effects haven't been comprehensively studied so far. Recently, some animal tests have indicated that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA)-cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathway in hippocampus is closely related to depression and the pathogenesis of cognitive function impairments. The present study was performed to investigate the effect and mechanism of XPJY on depression and learning and memory in animal model. MATERIALS The rat model of depression was established by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) for 21 days. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, CUS group, CUS + XPJY (1.4 g/kg, 0.7 g/kg and 0.35 g/kg) groups, and CUS + sertraline (10 mg/kg) group. The sucrose preference, open field exploration and Morris water maze (MWM) were tested. The expression of cAMP, CREB, PKA and BDNF protein in hippocampus was examined with Elisa and Western Blot. The mRNA level of CREB and BDNF in hippocampus was measured with PCR. RESULTS The results demonstrated that rats subjected to CUS exhibited decreases in sucrose preference, total ambulation, percentage of central ambulation, rearing in the open field test and spatial performance in the MWM. CUS reduced the expression of cAMP, PKA, CREB and BDNF in hippocampus of model rats. These effects could be reversed by XPJY. CONCLUSION The results indicated that XPJY can improve depression and related learning and memory and the effect of XPJY is partly exerted through the cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.
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145
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Neuroplastic Correlates in the mPFC Underlying the Impairment of Stress-Coping Ability and Cognitive Flexibility in Adult Rats Exposed to Chronic Mild Stress during Adolescence. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:9382797. [PMID: 28182105 PMCID: PMC5274659 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9382797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a valid chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression, we found that adolescent (postnatal days [PND] 28–41) CMS induced transient alterations in anhedonia that did not persist into adulthood after a 3-week recovery period. Previously stressed adult rats exhibited more immobility/despair behaviors in the forced swimming test and a greater number of trials to reach criterion in the set-shifting task, suggesting the impaired ability to cope with stressors and the cognitive flexibility that allows adaptation to dynamic environments during adulthood. In addition, adult rat exposure to adolescent CMS had a relatively inhibited activation in ERK signaling and downstream protein expression of phosphorylated cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the medial prefrontal cortex. Further correlation analysis demonstrated that immobility and set-shifting performance were positively correlated with the inhibition of ERK signaling. These results indicated adolescent CMS can be used as an effective stressor to model an increased predisposition to adult depression.
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146
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Qiuxia Z, Xinlong M, Yilong Y, Hui Z, Yali W, Xiaoquan Y, Lei W, Jiahui C, Haiyan Z. JIEYUANSHEN DECOCTION EXERTS ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS ON DEPRESSIVE RAT MODEL VIA REGULATING HPA AXIS AND THE LEVEL OF AMINO ACIDS NEUROTRANSMITTER. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017; 14:33-46. [PMID: 28573220 PMCID: PMC5446459 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Jieyuanshen decoction (JYAS-D) - a traditional Chinese medicine was invented by Professor Nie based on classic formulas, chaihu jia longgu muli decoction has been proved as having favorable curative effects on depression in clinical practices. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects and its molecular mechanism of JYAS-D. Materials and Methods: The model of depression was established by Chronic Unpredictable Stress. Different doses (8.2 g/kg, 16.3 g/kg, 32.7 g/kg) of JYAS-D was orally administered; Fluoxetine was orally administered with 10mg/kg. All treatments lasted for 28 days. Sucrose preference and open-field tests were adopted to observe the behavior of rats. OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde) derivatization method was used to detect the contents of amino acid neurotransmitter. RIA (Radiation immunity analysis) method was used to measure the serum concentrations of CORT (Corticosterone), ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone). ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) method was adopted to examine the contents of Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in hippocampus. Results: Compared with the model group, sucrose preference was increased in all treatment groups. The concentration of serum CORT was reduced in the middle dose of JYAS-D and control groups; the concentration of serum ACTH was reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D; the concentration of serum CRH was reduced in the middle and high-dose of JYAS-D. The content of hippocampus GR was increased in the middle and high-dose of JYAS-D; the content of hippocampus Glu (Glutamic acid) was reduced among the low, middle and high-dose of JYAS-D and fluoxetine group, the ratio of Glu/γ-GABA (y-aminobutyric acid was reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D. Conclusion: JYAS-D had a significant antidepressant-like effect on rat model through regulating serum concentration of CORT, ACTH and CRH, increasing the content of hippocampus GR and regulating the equilibrium of amino acids neurotransmitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Qiuxia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ma Xinlong
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yang Yilong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhao Hui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wang Yali
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yao Xiaoquan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wang Lei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chang Jiahui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zou Haiyan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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147
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Goldfarb EV, Froböse MI, Cools R, Phelps EA. Stress and Cognitive Flexibility: Cortisol Increases Are Associated with Enhanced Updating but Impaired Switching. J Cogn Neurosci 2017; 29:14-24. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Acute stress has frequently been shown to impair cognitive flexibility. Most studies have examined the effect of stress on cognitive flexibility by measuring how stress changes performance in paradigms that require participants to switch between different task demands. These processes typically implicate pFC function, a region known to be impaired by stress. However, cognitive flexibility is a multifaceted construct. Another dimension of flexibility, updating to incorporate relevant information, involves the dorsal striatum. Function in this region has been shown to be enhanced by stress. Using a within-subject design, we tested whether updating flexibility in a DMS task would be enhanced by an acute stress manipulation (cold pressor task). Participants' cortisol response to stress positively correlated with a relative increase in accuracy on updating flexibility (compared with trials with no working memory interference). In contrast, in line with earlier studies, cortisol responses correlated with worse performance when switching between trials with different task demands. These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in cortisol are associated with both increases and decreases in cognitive flexibility, depending on task demands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roshan Cools
- 2Radboud University Nijmegen
- 3Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre
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Hatherall L, Sánchez C, Morilak DA. Chronic Vortioxetine Treatment Reduces Exaggerated Expression of Conditioned Fear Memory and Restores Active Coping Behavior in Chronically Stressed Rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 20:316-323. [PMID: 27927740 PMCID: PMC5409129 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is a risk factor for depression and anxiety disorders, disrupting neuronal processes leading to exaggerated fear and compromised coping behaviors. Current antidepressants are only partially effective. Vortioxetine, a novel multimodal antidepressant, is a serotonin transporter inhibitor; 5-HT3, 5-HT7, and 5-HT1D receptor antagonist; 5-HT1B partial agonist; and 5-HT1A agonist. We have shown that chronic dietary vortioxetine administration reversed stress-induced deficits in cognitive flexibility. In the present studies, we investigated the generality of vortioxetine's effects on other stress-related behavioral changes after different types of chronic stress. METHODS In experiment 1, rats were fear-conditioned by pairing a tone with footshock, then exposed to chronic plus acute prolonged stress. In experiment 2, rats were exposed to chronic unpredictable stress. In both experiments, beginning on day 4 of chronic stress, vortioxetine was given in the diet (24 mg/kg/d). In experiment 1, effects of vortioxetine were tested on stress-induced changes in retention and extinction of cue-conditioned fear, and in experiment 2, on coping behavior on the shock probe defensive burying test after chronic stress. RESULTS Chronic stress exaggerated the expression of conditioned fear memory. Vortioxetine restored fear memory to control levels and rendered extinction in stressed rats comparable with that in controls. In experiment 2, chronic unpredictable stress caused a shift from active to passive coping behavior, and vortioxetine restored active coping. CONCLUSIONS Vortioxetine reduced exaggerated expression of conditioned fear and restored adaptive coping behavior following 2 different types of chronic stress, adding to the evidence of its therapeutic potential in the management of depression and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hatherall
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ms Hatherall and Dr Morilak); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Dr Sánchez)
| | - Connie Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ms Hatherall and Dr Morilak); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Dr Sánchez)
| | - David A. Morilak
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (Ms Hatherall and Dr Morilak); Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (Dr Sánchez)
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García-Rojo G, Fresno C, Vilches N, Díaz-Véliz G, Mora S, Aguayo F, Pacheco A, Parra-Fiedler N, Parra CS, Rojas PS, Tejos M, Aliaga E, Fiedler JL. The ROCK Inhibitor Fasudil Prevents Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors and Dendritic Spine Loss in Rat Hippocampus. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 20:336-345. [PMID: 27927737 PMCID: PMC5409106 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic arbor simplification and dendritic spine loss in the hippocampus, a limbic structure implicated in mood disorders, are assumed to contribute to symptoms of depression. These morphological changes imply modifications in dendritic cytoskeleton. Rho GTPases are regulators of actin dynamics through their effector Rho kinase. We have reported that chronic stress promotes depressive-like behaviors in rats along with dendritic spine loss in apical dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons, changes associated with Rho kinase activation. The present study proposes that the Rho kinase inhibitor Fasudil may prevent the stress-induced behavior and dendritic spine loss. METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline or Fasudil (i.p., 10 mg/kg) starting 4 days prior to and maintained during the restraint stress procedure (2.5 h/d for 14 days). Nonstressed control animals were injected with saline or Fasudil for 18 days. At 24 hours after treatment, forced swimming test, Golgi-staining, and immuno-western blot were performed. RESULTS Fasudil prevented stress-induced immobility observed in the forced swimming test. On the other hand, Fasudil-treated control animals showed behavioral patterns similar to those of saline-treated controls. Furthermore, we observed that stress induced an increase in the phosphorylation of MYPT1 in the hippocampus, an exclusive target of Rho kinase. This change was accompanied by dendritic spine loss of apical dendrites of pyramidal hippocampal neurons. Interestingly, increased pMYPT1 levels and spine loss were both prevented by Fasudil administration. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that Fasudil may prevent the development of abnormal behavior and spine loss induced by chronic stress by blocking Rho kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo García-Rojo
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Cristóbal Fresno
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Natalia Vilches
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Gabriela Díaz-Véliz
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Sergio Mora
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Felipe Aguayo
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Aníbal Pacheco
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Nicolás Parra-Fiedler
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Claudio S. Parra
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Paulina S. Rojas
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Macarena Tejos
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Esteban Aliaga
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
| | - Jenny L. Fiedler
- Laboratory of Neuroplasticity and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Mr García-Rojo, Ms Vilches, Mr Aguayo, Ms Pacheco, Mr Parra-Fiedler, Mr Parra, Dr Rojas, Ms Tejos, and Dr Fiedler); CONICET, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina (Dr Fresno); Laboratorio Farmacología del Comportamiento, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile (Ms Díaz-Véliz and Mr Mora); Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile (Dr Rojas, present address); Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile (Dr Aliaga)
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Therapeutic Effects of Extinction Learning as a Model of Exposure Therapy in Rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:3092-3102. [PMID: 27417516 PMCID: PMC5101557 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Current treatments for stress-related psychiatric disorders, such as depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are inadequate. Cognitive behavioral psychotherapies, including exposure therapy, are an alternative to pharmacotherapy, but the neurobiological mechanisms are unknown. Preclinical models demonstrating therapeutic effects of behavioral interventions are required to investigate such mechanisms. Exposure therapy bears similarity to extinction learning. Thus, we investigated the therapeutic effects of extinction learning as a behavioral intervention to model exposure therapy in rats, testing its effectiveness in reversing chronic stress-induced deficits in cognitive flexibility and coping behavior that resemble dimensions of depression and PTSD. Rats were fear-conditioned by pairing a tone with footshock, and then exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) that induces deficits in cognitive set-shifting and active coping behavior. They then received an extinction learning session as a therapeutic intervention by repeated exposure to the tone with no shock. Effects on cognitive flexibility and coping behavior were assessed 24 h later on the attentional set-shifting test or shock-probe defensive burying test, respectively. Extinction reversed the CUS-induced deficits in cognitive flexibility and coping behavior, and increased phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of stress-compromised rats, suggesting a role for activity-dependent protein synthesis in the therapeutic effect. Inhibiting protein synthesis by microinjecting anisomycin into mPFC blocked the therapeutic effect of extinction on cognitive flexibility. These results demonstrate the utility of extinction as a model by which to study mechanisms underlying exposure therapy, and suggest these mechanisms involve protein synthesis in the mPFC, the further study of which may identify novel therapeutic targets.
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