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Sorrentino I, Gargano M, Ricciardelli A, Parrilli E, Buonocore C, de Pascale D, Giardina P, Piscitelli A. Development of anti-bacterial surfaces using a hydrophobin chimeric protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2293-2300. [PMID: 32768482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The search for new approaches for developing antimicrobial surfaces is a challenge of great urgency to prevent and control microbial growth on surfaces. The strategy herein proposed relies on the design of a new, simple and general tool for creating antimicrobial surfaces, based on a hydrophobin chimeric protein which fuses the adhesive self-assembling class I hydrophobin Vmh2 from Pleurotus ostreatus to the human antimicrobial peptide LL-37. The recombinant LL37-Vmh2 protein displayed both the adhesive and the antimicrobic properties of its members, and when deposited on polystyrene surface, a positive effect due to the fusion was observed in terms of both efficacy and versatility of the coating. Indeed, the chimeric protein significantly enlarges the range of pathogens affected by Vmh2 layer rendering it able to inhibit three Gram-positive and two Gram-negative pathogens, selected among the renowned biofilm producer bacteria. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy analysis performed on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms formed on coated surfaces proved that, besides inhibiting biofilm formation, the LL37-Vmh2 coating also displayed biocidal activity, since dead cells were present in the biofilm layer. The reported results open new perspectives in various fields of application of LL37, and of antimicrobial peptides in general. LL37-Vmh2 increases the inventory of chimeric hydrophobins, further proving their effectiveness and versatility in surface functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Sorrentino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marika Gargano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Ermengilda Parrilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Donatella de Pascale
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, CNR, Napoli, Italy; Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica "Anthon Dorn", Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Giardina
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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102
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Moazzezy N, Asadi Karam MR, Rafati S, Bouzari S, Oloomi M. Inhibition and eradication activity of truncated α-defensin analogs against multidrug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli biofilm. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235892. [PMID: 32663201 PMCID: PMC7360030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Today the development of antibiotic resistance, especially in the treatment of bacterial infections associated with biofilms, has led to increasing the importance of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In this work, antimicrobial and synergistic activity of three truncated HNP-1 analogs (2Abz14S29, 2Abz23S29, and HNP1ΔC18A) with β-lactam (amoxicillin and cefixime) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin) antibiotics against multidrug-resistant (MDR) uropathogenic E. coli clinical isolates were evaluated. The anti-biofilm potential of peptides at different stages was also investigated. All peptides exhibited additive activity just with β-lactam antibiotics in a checkerboard synergy assay. Inhibition and eradication of MDR uropathogenic E. coli biofilm were shown by all test peptides at different concentrations. Thus, truncated HNP-1 analogs (2Abz14S29, 2Abz23S29, and HNP1ΔC18A) may have the potential for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by biofilm-forming MDR uropathogenic E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Moazzezy
- Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sima Rafati
- Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (SB); (MO)
| | - Mana Oloomi
- Molecular Biology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail: (SB); (MO)
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103
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Comparison between a novel tap water wound irrigation device with sterile saline device in an open traumatic wound animal model. TRAUMA-ENGLAND 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1460408619857399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Study objective Open traumatic wounds present to US emergency departments at a rate of approximately 12 million per year. Tap water wound irrigation usage has not been adopted by providers thus negating a potential cost saving of approximately US$65,600,000 per year when compared to saline irrigation. A novel tap water wound irrigation device can reduce bacterial counts in rats inoculated with MRSA as effectively as a commonly used sterile saline wound irrigation system. Methods Two groups of six Sprague–Dawley rats were used for this study. Two 3 cm incisions were made into the dorsum of each Sprague–Dawley rat and each incision was inoculated with 100 µl of MRSA. One wound served as the control, the other wound was either irrigated with the sterile saline wound irrigation system or a novel tap water wound irrigation device. The wounds were homogenized, plated, and bacterial colonies were enumerated to determine the final concentration of bacteria in each wound. Results There was no significant statistical difference in the reduction of MRSA in wounds treated with the sterile saline system relative to wounds treated with tap water (one-way ANOVA with post hoc Dunnet's test). Conclusion The novel tap water wound irrigation device is as effective as the sterile saline wound irrigation device at reducing bacterial counts in a rat laceration model when compared to non-irrigated controls. Adopting the use of a convenient, effective, and inexpensive wound irrigation system using tap water could help save the health care system millions of dollars in direct costs, shipping cost, and would not be affected by saline shortages.
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Ptaszyńska N, Gucwa K, Olkiewicz K, Heldt M, Serocki M, Stupak A, Martynow D, Dębowski D, Gitlin-Domagalska A, Lica J, Łęgowska A, Milewski S, Rolka K. Conjugates of Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin with Cell-Penetrating Peptide Exhibit Antifungal Activity and Mammalian Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134696. [PMID: 32630159 PMCID: PMC7369900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven conjugates composed of well-known fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents, ciprofloxacin (CIP) or levofloxacin (LVX), and a cell-penetrating peptide transportan 10 (TP10-NH2) were synthesised. The drugs were covalently bound to the peptide via an amide bond, methylenecarbonyl moiety, or a disulfide bridge. Conjugation of fluoroquinolones to TP10-NH2 resulted in congeners demonstrating antifungal in vitro activity against human pathogenic yeasts of the Candida genus (MICs in the 6.25–100 µM range), whereas the components were poorly active. The antibacterial in vitro activity of most of the conjugates was lower than the activity of CIP or LVX, but the antibacterial effect of CIP-S-S-TP10-NH2 was similar to the mother fluoroquinolone. Additionally, for two representative CIP and LVX conjugates, a rapid bactericidal effect was shown. Compared to fluoroquinolones, TP10-NH2 and the majority of its conjugates generated a relatively low level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) and human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60). The conjugates exhibited cytotoxicity against three cell lines, HEK293, HepG2 (human liver cancer cell line), and LLC-PK1 (old male pig kidney cells), with IC50 values in the 10–100 µM range and hemolytic activity. The mammalian toxicity was due to the intrinsic cytoplasmic membrane disruption activity of TP10-NH2 since fluoroquinolones themselves were not cytotoxic. Nevertheless, the selectivity index values of the conjugates, both for the bacteria and human pathogenic yeasts, remained favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ptaszyńska
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
| | - Katarzyna Gucwa
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
| | - Katarzyna Olkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
| | - Mateusz Heldt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Marcin Serocki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Anna Stupak
- Laboratory of Bacterial Genetics, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Dorota Martynow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Dawid Dębowski
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
| | - Agata Gitlin-Domagalska
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
| | - Jan Lica
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Łęgowska
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
| | - Sławomir Milewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.H.); (M.S.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Krzysztof Rolka
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (N.P.); (K.G.); (K.O.); (D.D.); (A.G.-D.); (A.Ł.); (K.R.)
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105
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Kung JC, Wang WH, Lee CL, Hsieh HC, Shih CJ. Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNP) Confined to Mesostructured, Silica-Based Calcium Phosphate Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1264. [PMID: 32605329 PMCID: PMC7408568 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus, which is commonly found in hospitals, has become a major problem in infection control. In this study, Ag/80S bioactive ceramics used for enhanced antibacterial applications have been developed. An in vitro bioactivity test of the Ag/80S bioactive ceramic powders was performed in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). To explore the antibacterial activity of the Ag/80S bioactive ceramic powders, the Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test, the kinetics of microbial growth analysis and the colony-forming capacity assay were used to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results confirmed that the Ag/80S bioactive ceramic powders have antibacterial activity against MRSA (ATCC 33592) and MRSA (ATCC 49476).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Chang Kung
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Family Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan
- Department of Golden-Ager Industry Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lin Lee
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-L.L.); (H.-C.H.)
| | - Hao-Che Hsieh
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-L.L.); (H.-C.H.)
| | - Chi-Jen Shih
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-L.L.); (H.-C.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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106
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Response Surface Optimization of Culture Conditions for Cyclic Lipopeptide MS07 from Bacillus siamensis Reveals Diverse Insights Targeting Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8060744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to isolate a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from microbial sources have been on the rise recently. Here, we report the identification, the optimization of the culture conditions, and the characterization of an efficient AMP from the Bacillus strain designated MS07 that exhibits antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. The production of MS07 was maximized by evaluating the culture conditions by the response surface methodology to obtain optimum media compositions. The biochemical integrity of MS07 was assessed by a bioassay indicating inhibition at ~6 kDa, like tricine-SDS-PAGE. MALDI-TOF confirmed the molecular weight and purity, showing a molecular mass of 6.099 kDa. Peptide MS07 exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC of MS07 for Escherichia coli, Alcaligenes faecalis, MRSA, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranged from 16–32 µg/mL, demonstrating superior potency. The biomass was diminished by about 15% and 11%, with rising concentrations up to 8 × MIC, for P. aeruginosa and E. coli biofilm, respectively. MS07 exhibited an 8 µM and 6 µM minimum bactericidal concentration against the biofilm of the Gram-negative strains P. aeruginosa and E. coli, respectively. Peptide MS07 reduced and interrupted the biofilm development in a concentration-dependent manner, as determined by BacLight live/dead staining using confocal microscopy.
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107
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Repurposing Fenamic Acid Drugs To Combat Multidrug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.02206-19. [PMID: 32393483 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02206-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of extensively drug-resistant and multidrug-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae has occurred in parallel with the increasing demand for new drugs. However, the current methods of drug discovery are burdened with rigorous assessments and require more time than can be spared until gonococcal infections become difficult to control. To address this urgency, we utilized a drug-repurposing strategy and identified three clinically approved anthranilic acid drugs (tolfenamic acid, flufenamic acid, and meclofenamic acid) with potent antigonococcal activity, inhibiting 50% of the strains (MIC50) from 4 to 16 μg/ml. Furthermore, tolfenamic acid showed indifferent activity with antibiotics of choice for gonococcal infections, azithromycin and ceftriaxone, in checkerboard assays with a fractional inhibitory concentration index ranging from 0.75 to 1.5. Fenamic acids reduced a high inoculum of N. gonorrhoeae below the limit of detection within 12 h and exhibited a low frequency of resistance. Interestingly, the fenamic acids did not inhibit the growth of commensal Lactobacillus spp. that comprise the healthy female genital microbiota. Fenamic acids were also superior to ceftriaxone in reducing the burden of intracellular N. gonorrhoeae within infected endocervical cells by 99%. Furthermore, all three fenamic acids significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by infected endocervical cells. Finally, fenamic acids and other structurally related anthranilic acid derivatives were evaluated to ascertain a more in-depth structure-activity relationship (SAR) that revealed N-phenylanthranilic acid as a novel antigonorrheal scaffold. This SAR study will pave the road to repositioning more potent fenamic acids analogues against N. gonorrhoeae.
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108
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Synergistic antimicrobial activity of melittin with clindamycin on the expression of encoding exfoliative toxin in Staphylococcus aureus. Toxicon 2020; 183:11-19. [PMID: 32450143 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic human pathogens, with the ability to produce a series of virulence factors that contribute to the severity of infections. Exfoliative toxins (ETs) are one of the important virulence factors that participating in staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. Melittin has different biological activities, comprising of antiviral, broad spectrum antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects. Twelve clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) were obtained from wound infection in the burn patients. The MIC plus three sub-inhibitory concentrations (I, II and III) of clindamycin and melittin were tested. Next, the synergistic effects of melittin and clindamycin were evaluated using the broth microdilution checkerboard assay. The detection of exfoliative toxin A and B genes were examined by PCR method. Then the effects of sub-MIC melittin on the expression levels of eta and etb were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. Melittin MIC values against MRSA and MSSA planktonic cells were 0.25-0.5 and 0.25-1 μg/ml, respectively. The clindamycin MIC values against MRSA and MSSA were between 0.5 and 8 μg/ml and 0.5-2 μg/ml, respectively. The results of the time-kill kinetics assay (3.5log10 and 3log10) against MSSA and MRSA planktonic cells were determined within 24 h using melittin. The mean expression of eta in MRSA and MSSA was significantly downregulated to approximately 3.5 and 4 fold, respectively. Moreover, the mean expression of etb in MRSA and MSSA were significantly downregulated to approximately 2.5 and 3 fold, respectively. Hemolytic assay showed that the extracted melittin indicates a strong hemolytic activity (HD50 = 2 μg/ml). Melittin at 0.5 μg/ml induced cell lysis and stimulated the formation of vesicles in S. aureus strains. Melittin could reduce the expression of eta and etb as encoding exfoliative toxin A and B genes. This component appears to be a good candidate for the treatment of MRSA and MSSA strains. So, melittin in combination with clindamycin can be classified as a complementary treatment of wound infections in burn patients.
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109
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Ting DSJ, Beuerman RW, Dua HS, Lakshminarayanan R, Mohammed I. Strategies in Translating the Therapeutic Potentials of Host Defense Peptides. Front Immunol 2020; 11:983. [PMID: 32528474 PMCID: PMC7256188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The golden era of antibiotics, heralded by the discovery of penicillin, has long been challenged by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Host defense peptides (HDPs), previously known as antimicrobial peptides, are emerging as a group of promising antimicrobial candidates for combatting AMR due to their rapid and unique antimicrobial action. Decades of research have advanced our understanding of the relationship between the physicochemical properties of HDPs and their underlying antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial functions, including immunomodulatory, anti-biofilm, and wound healing properties. However, the mission of translating novel HDP-derived molecules from bench to bedside has yet to be fully accomplished, primarily attributed to their intricate structure-activity relationship, toxicity, instability in host and microbial environment, lack of correlation between in vitro and in vivo efficacies, and dwindling interest from large pharmaceutical companies. Based on our previous experience and the expanding knowledge gleaned from the literature, this review aims to summarize the novel strategies that have been employed to enhance the antimicrobial efficacy, proteolytic stability, and cell selectivity, which are all crucial factors for bench-to-bedside translation of HDP-based treatment. Strategies such as residues substitution with natural and/or unnatural amino acids, hybridization, L-to-D heterochiral isomerization, C- and N-terminal modification, cyclization, incorporation with nanoparticles, and "smart design" using artificial intelligence technology, will be discussed. We also provide an overview of HDP-based treatment that are currently in the development pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Shu Jeng Ting
- Larry A. Donoso Laboratory for Eye Research, Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Anti-infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger W Beuerman
- Anti-infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Harminder S Dua
- Larry A. Donoso Laboratory for Eye Research, Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Anti-infectives Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Imran Mohammed
- Larry A. Donoso Laboratory for Eye Research, Academic Ophthalmology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Salyer CE, Bomholt C, Beckmann N, Bergmann CB, Plattner CA, Caldwell CC. Novel Therapeutics for the Treatment of Burn Infection. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2020; 22:113-120. [PMID: 32429749 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2020.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Burn injury continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and death, with infectious complications being the primary cause of death. Patients are susceptible to overwhelming infection secondary to both the physical breakdown of the skin and mucosal barrier and the immune dysfunction that accompanies the inflammatory response to a major burn. With resistance to traditional antibiosis looming as a serious threat to patient outcome, advancement in the treatment of burn infections is imperative. Methods: Between February 15 and March 15, 2020, a search of Pubmed and clinicaltrials.gov was performed using search terms such as "burn immunotherapy," "therapeutic microorganisms in burn," "burn infection clinical trials," and applicable variations. Results: Topical antimicrobial drugs continue to be standard of care for burn wound injuries, but personalized and molecular treatments that rely on immune manipulation of the host show great promise. We discuss novel therapeutics for the treatment of burn infection: Probiotics and therapeutic microorganisms, immune modulators, tailored monoclonal antibodies, and extracellular vesicles and proteins. Conclusions: The treatment strategies discussed employ manipulation of structure and function in host immune cells and pathogen virulence for improved outcomes in burn infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christen E Salyer
- Division of Research and Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christina Bomholt
- Division of Research and Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nadine Beckmann
- Division of Research and Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christian B Bergmann
- Division of Research and Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Courtney A Plattner
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Charles C Caldwell
- Division of Research and Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Research, Shriners Hospital for Children, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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111
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Gao T, Lin J, Zhang C, Zhu H, Zheng X. Is intracellular Staphylococcus aureus associated with recurrent infection in a rat model of open fracture? Bone Joint Res 2020; 9:71-76. [PMID: 32435457 PMCID: PMC7229308 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.92.bjr-2019-0201.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The purpose of this study was to determine whether intracellular Staphylococcus aureus is associated with recurrent infection in a rat model of open fracture. Methods After stabilizing with Kirschner wire, we created a midshaft femur fracture in Sprague-Dawley rats and infected the wound with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged S. aureus. After repeated debridement and negative swab culture was achieved, the isolation of GFP-containing cells from skin, bone marrow, and muscle was then performed. The composition and viability of intracellular S. aureus in isolated GFP-positive cells was assessed. We suppressed the host immune system and observed whether recurrent infection would occur. Finally, rats were assigned to one of six treatment groups (a combination of antibiotic treatment and implant removal/retention). The proportion of successful eradication was determined. Results Green fluorescent protein-containing cells were successfully isolated after the swab culture was negative from skin (n = 0, 0%), muscle (n = 10, 100%), and bone marrow (n = 10, 100%) of a total of ten rats. The phagocytes were predominant in GFP-positive cells from muscle (73%) and bone marrow (81%) with a significantly higher viability of intracellular S. aureus (all p-values < 0.001). The recurrent infection occurred in up to 75% of rats after the immunosuppression. The proportion of successful eradication was not associated with implant retention or removal, and the efficacy of linezolid in eradicating intracellular S. aureus is significantly higher than that of vancomycin. Conclusion Intracellular S. aureus is associated with recurrent infection in the rat model of open fracture. Usage of linezolid, a membrane-permeable antibiotic, is an effective strategy against intracellular S. aureus. Cite this article:Bone Joint Res. 2020;9(2):71–76.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqing Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianyou Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Joyce P, Ulmefors H, Maghrebi S, Subramaniam S, Wignall A, Jõemetsa S, Höök F, Prestidge CA. Enhancing the Cellular Uptake and Antibacterial Activity of Rifampicin through Encapsulation in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040815. [PMID: 32344619 PMCID: PMC7221943 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An urgent demand exists for the development of novel delivery systems that efficiently transport antibacterial agents across cellular membranes for the eradication of intracellular pathogens. In this study, the clinically relevant poorly water-soluble antibiotic, rifampicin, was confined within mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) to investigate their ability to serve as an efficacious nanocarrier system against small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus (SCV S. aureus) hosted within Caco-2 cells. The surface chemistry and particle size of MSN were varied through modifications during synthesis, where 40 nm particles with high silanol group densities promoted enhanced cellular uptake. Extensive biophysical analysis was performed, using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, to elucidate the mechanism of MSN adsorption onto semi-native supported lipid bilayers (snSLB) and, thus, uncover potential cellular uptake mechanisms of MSN into Caco-2 cells. Such studies revealed that MSN with reduced silanol group densities were prone to greater particle aggregation on snSLB, which was expected to restrict endocytosis. MSN adsorption and uptake into Caco-2 cells correlated well with antibacterial efficacy against SCV S. aureus, with 40 nm hydrophilic particles triggering a ~2.5-log greater reduction in colony forming units, compared to the pure rifampicin. Thus, this study provides evidence for the potential to design silica nanocarrier systems with controlled surface chemistries that can be used to re-sensitise intracellular bacteria to antibiotics by delivering them to the site of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Joyce
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.J.); (S.J.); (F.H.)
| | - Hanna Ulmefors
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia; (H.U.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (A.W.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia
| | - Sajedeh Maghrebi
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia; (H.U.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (A.W.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia
| | - Santhni Subramaniam
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia; (H.U.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (A.W.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia
| | - Anthony Wignall
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia; (H.U.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (A.W.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia
| | - Silver Jõemetsa
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.J.); (S.J.); (F.H.)
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.J.); (S.J.); (F.H.)
| | - Clive A. Prestidge
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia; (H.U.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (A.W.)
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5090, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Chen D, Sun Z, Liu Y, Li Z, Liang H, Chen L, Xu X, Yang J, Ma G, Huo X. Eleucanainones A and B: Two Dimeric Structures from the Bulbs of Eleutherine americana with Anti-MRSA Activity. Org Lett 2020; 22:3449-3453. [PMID: 32293190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two naphthoquinone-derived heterodimers with unprecedented carbon skeletons, eleucanainones A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the bulbs of Eleutherine americana. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined to be the first examples of dibenzofuran- and naphthalenone-containing naphthoquinone dimers. Compound 1 exhibited significant anti-MRSA activity in vitro with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.78 μg/mL by downregulation of basal expression of agrA, cidA, icaA and sarA in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deli Chen
- Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 4 Yaogu Fourth Road, Haikou 570311, China.,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaocui Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 4 Yaogu Fourth Road, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Zongyang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, 3002# Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Hanqiao Liang
- Department of Biomedicine, Beijing City University, No. 269, North Fourth Ring Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, 3002# Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junshan Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxu Ma
- Hainan Branch of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Conservation and Development of Southern Medicine), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 4 Yaogu Fourth Road, Haikou 570311, China.,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Huo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, No. 180, East Wusi Road, Baoding 071002, China
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114
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Kumar P, Kandi SK, Mukhopadhyay K, Rawat DS. Synthesis of novel monocarbonyl curcuminoids, evaluation of their efficacy against MRSA, including ex vivo infection model and their mechanistic studies. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 195:112276. [PMID: 32279050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In continuation of our effort to improve the physiological stability and the antibacterial activity of curcuminoids against drug-resistant bacteria, a series of novel monocarbonyl curcuminoids were synthesized and screened for antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli strains. These curcuminoids showed potent antibacterial activity against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus with MIC values 2-8 and 4-16 μg/mL, respectively. They also exhibited moderate potency against E. coli strains. The four most active curcuminoids (7d, 7i, 7m, and 7p) were on further investigation found to be very stable under physiological conditions, non-hemolytic, and non-toxic toward mammalian cells up to 150 μg/mL concentration. Mechanistic studies revealed that these curcuminoids displayed potent bactericidal activity by targeting cell membranes. Further, in an ex vivo mammalian co-culture infection model study, remarkably, the curcuminoids 7i and 7p were able to clear the internalized bacteria in mammalian cells and the activity was found to be superior to conventional antibiotics such as vancomycin and linezolid. Therefore, the present study affords us water-soluble, stable, non-toxic curcuminoids that may serve as lead molecules for development as antibacterial agents against MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Kumar
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | | | - Kasturi Mukhopadhyay
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Diwan S Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Weishaupt R, Zünd JN, Heuberger L, Zuber F, Faccio G, Robotti F, Ferrari A, Fortunato G, Ren Q, Maniura‐Weber K, Guex AG. Antibacterial, Cytocompatible, Sustainably Sourced: Cellulose Membranes with Bifunctional Peptides for Advanced Wound Dressings. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901850. [PMID: 32159927 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Progressive antibiotic resistance is a serious condition adding to the challenges associated with skin wound treatment, and antibacterial wound dressings with alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed. Cellulose-based membranes are increasingly considered as wound dressings, necessitating further functionalization steps. A bifunctional peptide, combining an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and a cellulose binding peptide (CBP), is designed. AMPs affect bacteria via multiple modes of action, thereby reducing the evolutionary pressure selecting for antibiotic resistance. The bifunctional peptide is successfully immobilized on cellulose membranes of bacterial origin or electrospun fibers of plant-derived cellulose, with tight control over peptide concentrations (0.2 ± 0.1 to 4.6 ± 1.6 µg mm-2 ). With this approach, new materials with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (log4 reduction) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (log1 reduction) are developed. Furthermore, membranes are cytocompatible in cultures of human fibroblasts. Additionally, a cell adhesive CBP-RGD peptide is designed and immobilized on membranes, inducing a 2.2-fold increased cell spreading compared to pristine cellulose. The versatile concept provides a toolbox for the functionalization of cellulose membranes of different origins and architectures with a broad choice in peptides. Functionalization in tris-buffered saline avoids further purification steps, allowing for translational research and multiple applications outside the field of wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Weishaupt
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Janina N. Zünd
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Lukas Heuberger
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Flavia Zuber
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Greta Faccio
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Francesco Robotti
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging TechnologiesDepartment of Mechanical and Process EngineeringETH Zurich Sonneggstrasse 3 Zurich 8092 Switzerland
| | - Aldo Ferrari
- EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and TechnologiesLaboratory for Experimental Continuum Mechanics Überlandstrasse 129 Dübendorf 8600 Switzerland
| | - Giuseppino Fortunato
- EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Qun Ren
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Katharina Maniura‐Weber
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
| | - Anne Géraldine Guex
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biointerfaces Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
- EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 St. Gallen 9014 Switzerland
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116
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Lima PG, Souza PF, Freitas CD, Oliveira JT, Dias LP, Neto JX, Vasconcelos IM, Lopes JL, Sousa DO. Anticandidal activity of synthetic peptides: Mechanism of action revealed by scanning electron and fluorescence microscopies and synergism effect with nystatin. J Pept Sci 2020; 26:e3249. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia G. Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Pedro F.N. Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Cleverson D.T. Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Jose T.A. Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Lucas P. Dias
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - João X.S. Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Ilka M. Vasconcelos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - José L.S. Lopes
- Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Daniele O.B. Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyFederal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
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A Rapid Lysostaphin Production Approach and a Convenient Novel Lysostaphin Loaded Nano-emulgel; As a Sustainable Low-Cost Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Combating Platform. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030435. [PMID: 32178236 PMCID: PMC7175171 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive pathogen that is capable of infecting almost every organ in the human body. Alarmingly, the rapid emergence of methicillin-resistant S.aureus strains (MRSA) jeopardizes the available treatment options. Herein, we propose sustainable, low-cost production of recombinant lysostaphin (rLST), which is a native bacteriocin destroying the staphylococcal cell wall through its endopeptidase activity. We combined the use of E. coli BL21(DE3)/pET15b, factorial design, and simple Ni-NTA affinity chromatography to optimize rLST production. The enzyme yield was up to 50 mg/L culture, surpassing reported systems. Our rLST demonstrated superlative biofilm combating ability by inhibiting staphylococcal biofilms formation and detachment of already formed biofilms, compared to vancomycin and linezolid. Furthermore, we aimed at developing a novel rLST topical formula targeting staphylococcal skin infections. The phase inversion composition (PIC) method fulfilled this aim with its simple preparatory steps and affordable components. LST nano-emulgel (LNEG) was able to extend active LST release up to 8 h and cure skin infections in a murine skin model. We are introducing a rapid, convenient rLST production platform with an outcome of pure, active rLST incorporated into an effective LNEG formula with scaling-up potential to satisfy the needs of both research and therapeutic purposes.
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118
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Singh J, Mumtaz S, Joshi S, Mukhopadhyay K. In Vitro and Ex Vivo Efficacy of Novel Trp-Arg Rich Analogue of α-MSH against Staphylococcus aureus. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:3258-3270. [PMID: 32118141 PMCID: PMC7045321 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), an essential component of innate immunity, are very important resources for human therapeutics to counter the current threat of drug resistance. We have previously established that one such AMP, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), an endogenous neuropeptide, and its derivatives have potent antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). However, the immense potential of α-MSH for therapeutic development against staphylococcal infections is marred by its reduced efficacy in the presence of standard microbiological culture medium. To overcome this issue, in this study, we designed a series of five novel analogues of the C-terminal fragment of α-MSH, i.e., α-MSH(6-13), by replacing uncharged and less hydrophobic residues with tryptophan and arginine to increase the hydrophobicity and cationic charge of the peptide, respectively. While all of the peptides showed a preferential interaction with negatively charged phospholipid vesicles, the most hydrophobic and cationic peptide, i.e., Ana-5, exhibited the highest activity against S. aureus cells while maintaining cell selectivity. Moreover, Ana-5 could retain its activity even in complex media like the Mueller Hinton broth and displayed rapid bactericidal activity in the presence of serum. Ana-5 also caused rapid bacterial membrane depolarization, permeabilization, and cell lysis and was able to bind to polyanionic plasmid DNA suggesting a possible dual mode of action of the peptide. Importantly, Ana-5 was able to eradicate intracellular S. aureus in fibroblast cells similar to conventional antibiotics. Collectively, in the present study, we obtained a potent α-MSH-based analogue with excellent staphylocidal potency in microbial growth medium and ex vivo efficacy, which may translate into therapeutic application.
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119
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Li HJ, Wu NL, Pu CM, Hsiao CY, Chang DC, Hung CF. Chrysin alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation and reduces the release of CCL20 and antimicrobial peptides. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2932. [PMID: 32076123 PMCID: PMC7031269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common non-contagious chronic inflammatory skin lesion, with frequent recurrence. It mainly occurs due to aberrant regulation of the immune system leading to abnormal proliferation of skin cells. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis are not fully understood. Although most of the current therapies are mostly efficient, the side effects can result in therapy stop, which makes the effectiveness of treatment strategies limited. Therefore, it is urgent and necessary to develop novel therapeutics. Here, we investigated the efficacy of chrysin, a plant flavonoid, which we previously reported to possess strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, against psoriasis-like inflammation. Our results revealed that chrysin significantly attenuated imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin lesions in mice, and improved imiquimod-induced disruption of skin barrier. Moreover, the TNF-α, IL-17A, and IL-22-induced phosphorylation of MAPK and JAK-STAT pathways, and activation of the NF-κB pathway were also attenuated by chrysin pretreatment of epidermal keratinocytes. Most importantly, chrysin reduced TNF-α-, IL-17A-, and IL-22-induced CCL20 and antimicrobial peptide release from epidermal keratinocytes. Thus, our findings indicate that chrysin may have therapeutic potential against inflammatory skin diseases. Our study provides a basis for further investigating chrysin as a novel pharmacologic agent and contributes to the academic advancement in the field of Chinese herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ju Li
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Lin Wu
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Pu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 10630, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Hsiao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
- Aesthetic Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Der-Chen Chang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics and Department of Computer Science, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Fu Jen University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.
- MS Program in Transdisciplinary Long Term Care, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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120
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Zou P, Chen WT, Sun T, Gao Y, Li LL, Wang H. Recent advances: peptides and self-assembled peptide-nanosystems for antimicrobial therapy and diagnosis. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4975-4996. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00789g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections, especially the refractory treatment of drug-resistant bacteria, are one of the greatest threats to human health. Self-assembling peptide-based strategies can specifically detect the bacteria at the site of infection in the body and kill it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Wen-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Tongyi Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Proteins and Peptides Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Shandong Universities Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- School of Pharmacy
- Weifang Medical University
- Weifang
- China
| | - Li-Li Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
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121
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Chou S, Wang J, Shang L, Akhtar MU, Wang Z, Shi B, Feng X, Shan A. Short, symmetric-helical peptides have narrow-spectrum activity with low resistance potential and high selectivity. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2394-2409. [PMID: 30919848 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00044e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Broad-spectrum antibiotics have, until now, been the mainstay of antibiotic therapy. However, the increasing threat of drug-resistant bacteria and the ecological imbalance of normal microbial communities have forced a reconsideration of the best strategies to treat such pathogens. Therefore, antibacterial agents with specific abilities of eliminating pathogens may provide long-term protection. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which can be optimized by modifying their primary sequences, are regarded as potentially valuable in development of pathogen-specific agents. To obtain efficient narrow-spectrum AMPs, database-filtering technology, which filters the most probable amino acid composition, positive charge, sequence length and hydrophobic content of peptides against Gram-negative bacteria, was taken as the first step. Then, the filtered parameters were distributed and modified into an α-helical symmetrical structure by considering the structure-function relationship of synthesized antimicrobial peptides. Finally, short, safe and stable peptides against Escherichia coli, Salmonella pullorum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were successfully identified. The potential peptides F1 and F4 showed low cell toxicity, low resistance potential and low salt sensitivity. CD spectroscopy of the peptides illustrated that F1 and F4 exhibited a tendency towards an α-helical structure in a membrane-mimetic environment. Indeed, fluorescence spectroscopy and electron microscopy analyses indicated that the shorter potential sequence F4 killed the bacteria by causing physical destruction of the bacterial membrane and cytosol leakage. In the mouse model test, F4 reduced the bacterial load in major organs and the cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) levels in serum significantly (P < 0.05). Collectively, this symmetric-helical distribution, dependent on database-filtering parameters, is a promising strategy for designing effective smart AMPs with high cell selectivity, and it also provides new insights into the design and optimization of pathogen-specific biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Chou
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, The Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China.
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Vergis J, Malik SS, Pathak R, Kumar M, Ramanjaneya S, Kurkure NV, Barbuddhe SB, Rawool DB. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Indolicidin Against Multi-Drug Resistant Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli in a Galleria mellonella Model. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2723. [PMID: 31849877 PMCID: PMC6895141 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance against enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), an emerging food-borne pathogen, has been observed in an increasing trend recently. In the recent wake of antimicrobial resistance, alternate strategies especially, cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted considerable attention to source antimicrobial technology solutions. This study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Indolicidin against multi-drug resistant enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (MDR-EAEC) strains and further to assess its in vivo antimicrobial efficacy in Galleria mellonella larval model. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC; 32 μM) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC; 64 μM) of Indolicidin against MDR-EAEC was determined by micro broth dilution method. Indolicidin was also tested for its stability (high-end temperatures, physiological concentration of salts and proteases); safety (sheep RBCs; HEp-2 and RAW 264.7 cell lines); effect on beneficial microflora (Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus) and its mode of action (flow cytometry; nitrocefin and ONPG uptake). In vitro time-kill kinetic assay of MDR-EAEC treated with Indolicidin was performed. Further, survival rate, MDR-EAEC count, melanization rate, hemocyte enumeration, cytotoxicity assay and histopathological examination were carried out in G. mellonella model to assess in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of Indolicidin against MDR-EAEC strains. Indolicidin was tested stable at high temperatures (70°C; 90°C), physiological concentration of cationic salts (NaCl; MgCl2) and proteases, except for trypsin and tested safe with sheep RBCs and cell lines (RAW 264.7; HEp-2) at MIC (1X and 2X); the beneficial flora was not inhibited. Indolicidin exhibited outer membrane permeabilization in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In vitro time-kill assay revealed concentration-cum-time dependent clearance of MDR-EAEC in Indolicidin-treated groups at 120 min, while, in G. mellonella, the infected group treated with Indolicidin revealed an increased survival rate, immunomodulatory effect, reduced MDR-EAEC counts and were tested safe to the larval cells which was concurred histopathologically. To conclude, the results suggests Indolicidin as an effective antimicrobial candidate against MDR-EAEC and we recommend its further investigation in appropriate animal models (mice/piglets) before its application in the target host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess Vergis
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Satyaveer Singh Malik
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Richa Pathak
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Manesh Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Sunitha Ramanjaneya
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | | | | | - Deepak Bhiwa Rawool
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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123
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Short tryptophan- and arginine-rich peptide shows efficacy against clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from skin and soft tissue infections. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17176. [PMID: 31748670 PMCID: PMC6868180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has posed a challenge in treating skin and soft tissue infections. Finding new antimicrobial agents has therefore become imperative. We evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a synthetic peptide, P6, against multidrug resistant clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin and soft tissue infections. The P6 antimicrobial effect was evaluated in vitro by determining MIC/MBC, the ratio of live/dead cells and the effects induced at membrane level. The therapeutic efficiency was determined against human skin cells. P6 inhibited growth for all strains between 8 and 16 mg/L and killed all bacterial strains at 16 mg/L. The therapeutic potential was found to be 30 and 15 in the presence of BSA. We showed that P6 localizes at membrane level, where it acts slowly, by depolarizing it and affecting its integrity. P6 can be considered a good candidate for use as an antimicrobial agent in topical applications.
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Simpson DH, Hapeshi A, Rogers NJ, Brabec V, Clarkson GJ, Fox DJ, Hrabina O, Kay GL, King AK, Malina J, Millard AD, Moat J, Roper DI, Song H, Waterfield NR, Scott P. Metallohelices that kill Gram-negative pathogens using intracellular antimicrobial peptide pathways. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9708-9720. [PMID: 32015803 PMCID: PMC6977464 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A range of new water-compatible optically pure metallohelices - made by self-assembly of simple non-peptidic organic components around Fe ions - exhibit similar architecture to some natural cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) and are found to have high, structure-dependent activity against bacteria, including clinically problematic Gram-negative pathogens. A key compound is shown to freely enter rapidly dividing E. coli cells without significant membrane disruption, and localise in distinct foci near the poles. Several related observations of CAMP-like mechanisms are made via biophysical measurements, whole genome sequencing of tolerance mutants and transcriptomic analysis. These include: high selectivity for binding of G-quadruplex DNA over double stranded DNA; inhibition of both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase I in vitro; curing of a plasmid that contributes to the very high virulence of the E. coli strain used; activation of various two-component sensor/regulator and acid response pathways; and subsequent attempts by the cell to lower the net negative charge of the surface. This impact of the compound on multiple structures and pathways corresponds with our inability to isolate fully resistant mutant strains, and supports the idea that CAMP-inspired chemical scaffolds are a realistic approach for antimicrobial drug discovery, without the practical barriers to development that are associated with natural CAMPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Simpson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Alexia Hapeshi
- Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - Nicola J Rogers
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Viktor Brabec
- The Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Guy J Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - David J Fox
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Ondrej Hrabina
- The Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics , Palacky University , Slechtitelu 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Gemma L Kay
- Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - Andrew K King
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Jaroslav Malina
- The Czech Academy of Sciences , Institute of Biophysics , Kralovopolska 135 , CZ-61265 Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Andrew D Millard
- Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - John Moat
- School of Life Sciences , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Campus , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - David I Roper
- School of Life Sciences , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Campus , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK
| | - Hualong Song
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | | | - Peter Scott
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
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125
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Dayal N, Opoku-Temeng C, Mohammad H, Abutaleb NS, Hernandez D, Onyedibe KI, Wang M, Zeller M, Seleem MN, Sintim HO. Inhibitors of Intracellular Gram-Positive Bacterial Growth Synthesized via Povarov-Doebner Reactions. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1820-1830. [PMID: 31512848 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus can survive both inside and outside of phagocytic and nonphagocytic host cells. Once in the intracellular milieu, most antibiotics have reduced ability to kill S. aureus, thus resulting in relapse of infection. Consequently, there is a need for antibacterial agents that can accumulate to lethal concentrations within host cells to clear intracellular infections. We have identified tetrahydrobenzo[a or c]phenanthridine and tetrahydrobenzo[a or c]acridine compounds, synthesized via a one-flask Povarov-Doebner operation from readily available amines, aldehydes, and cyclic ketones, as potent agents against drug-resistant S. aureus. Importantly, the tetrahydrobenzo[a or c]phenanthridine and tetrahydrobenzo[a or c]acridine compounds can accumulate in macrophage cells and reduce the burden of intracellular MRSA better than the drug of choice, vancomycin. We observed that MRSA could not develop resistance (by passage 30) against tetrahydrobenzo[a or c]acridine compound 15. Moreover, tetrahydrobenzo[c]acridine compound 15 and tetrahydrobenzo[c]phenanthridine compound 16 were nontoxic to red blood cells and were nonmutagenic. Preliminary data indicated that compound 16 reduced bacterial load (MRSA USA300) in mice (thigh infection model) to the same degree as vancomycin. These observations suggest that compounds 15 and 16 and analogues thereof could become therapeutic agents for the treatment of chronic MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Dayal
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Clement Opoku-Temeng
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nader S. Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Delmis Hernandez
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kenneth Ikenna Onyedibe
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Modi Wang
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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126
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Obuobi S, Tay HKL, Tram NDT, Selvarajan V, Khara JS, Wang Y, Ee PLR. Facile and efficient encapsulation of antimicrobial peptides via crosslinked DNA nanostructures and their application in wound therapy. J Control Release 2019; 313:120-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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127
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Dias LP, Souza PFN, Oliveira JTA, Vasconcelos IM, Araújo NMS, Tilburg MFV, Guedes MIF, Carneiro RF, Lopes JLS, Sousa DOB. RcAlb-PepII, a synthetic small peptide bioinspired in the 2S albumin from the seed cake of Ricinus communis, is a potent antimicrobial agent against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida parapsilosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1862:183092. [PMID: 31678367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important constituents of the innate immunity system of all living organisms. They participate in the first line of defense against invading pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi. In view of the increasing difficulties to treat infectious diseases due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, AMPs have great potential to control infectious diseases in humans and animals. In this study, two small peptides, RcAlb-PepI and RcAlb-PepII, were designed based on the primary structure of Rc-2S-Alb, a 2S albumin from the seed cake of Ricinus communis, and their antimicrobial activity assessed. RcAlb-PepII strongly inhibited the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida parapsilosis, and induced morphological alterations in their cell surface. C. parapsilosis exposed to RcAlb-PepII presented higher cell membrane permeabilization and elevated content of reactive oxygen species. RcAlb-PepII also degraded and reduced the biofilm formation in C. parapsilosis and in K. pneumonia cells. Experimentally, RcAlb-PepII was not hemolytic and had low toxicity to mammalian cells. These are advantageous characteristics, which suggest that RcAlb-PepII is safe and apparently effective for its intended use and has great potential for the future development of an antimicrobial agent with the ability to kill or inhibit K. pneumoniae and C. parapsilosis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P Dias
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Pedro F N Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jose T A Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Ilka M Vasconcelos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nadine M S Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Mauricio F V Tilburg
- Department of Biotechnology, State University of Ceara (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maria I F Guedes
- Department of Biotechnology, State University of Ceara (UECE), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rômulo F Carneiro
- Department of Fisheries Engineering, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José L S Lopes
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Sao Paulo (IF-USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele O B Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
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128
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Xu X, Zhong A, Wang Y, Lin B, Li P, Ju W, Zhu X, Yu J, De Mandal S, Jin F. Molecular Identification of a Moricin Family Antimicrobial Peptide (Px-Mor) From Plutella xylostella With Activities Against the Opportunistic Human Pathogen Aureobasidium pullulans. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2211. [PMID: 31681182 PMCID: PMC6797621 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent the largest group of endogenous compounds and serves as a novel alternative to traditional antibiotics for the treatment of pathogenic microorganisms. Moricin is an important α-helical AMP plays a crucial role in insect humoral defense reactions. The present study was designed to identify and characterize novel AMP moricin (Px-Mor) from diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and tested its activity against bacterial and fungal infection including the opportunistic human pathogen Aureobasidium pullulans. Molecular cloning of Px-Mor using rapid amplification of cDNA ends revealed a 482 bp full length cDNA with 198 bp coding region. The deduced protein sequence contained 65 amino acids, and the mature peptides contained 42 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 4.393 kDa. Expression analysis revealed that Px-Mor was expressed throughout the life cycle of P. xylostella with the highest level detectable in the fourth instar and prepupa stage. Tissue specific distribution showed that Px-Mor was highly expressed in fat body and hemocyte. In vitro, antimicrobial assays indicated that Px-Mor exhibited a broad antimicrobial spectrum against Gram positive bacteria (GPB), Gram negative bacteria (GNB) and fungi. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that Px-Mor can cause obvious morphological alterations in A. pullulans, which demonstrated its powerful effect on the mycelia growth inhibition. Taken together, these results indicate that Px-Mor plays an important role in the immune responses of P. xylostella and can be further exploited as an antimicrobial agent against various diseases including for the treatment of A. pullulans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Xu
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqiao Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yansheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boda Lin
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Ju
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Surajit De Mandal
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengliang Jin
- Department of Entomology, Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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129
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Golda A, Kosikowska-Adamus P, Kret A, Babyak O, Wójcik K, Dobosz E, Potempa J, Lesner A, Koziel J. The Bactericidal Activity of Temporin Analogues Against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194761. [PMID: 31557917 PMCID: PMC6801822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major infectious agent responsible for a plethora of superficial skin infections and systemic diseases, including endocarditis and septic arthritis. Recent epidemiological data revealed the emergence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including increased numbers of both hospital- and community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Due to their potent antimicrobial functions, low potential to develop resistance, and immunogenicity, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant strains. Here, we examined the activity of a lysine-rich derivative of amphibian temporin-1CEb (DK5) conjugated to peptides that exert pro-proliferative and/or cytoprotective activity. Analysis of a library of synthetic peptides to identify those with antibacterial potential revealed that the most potent agent against multidrug-resistant S. aureus was a conjugate of a temporin analogue with the synthetic Leu-enkephalin analogue dalargin (DAL). DAL-PEG-DK5 exerted direct bactericidal effects via bacterial membrane disruption, leading to eradication of both planktonic and biofilm-associated staphylococci. Finally, we showed that accumulation of the peptide in the cytoplasm of human keratinocytes led to a marked clearance of intracellular MRSA, resulting in cytoprotection against invading bacteria. Collectively, the data showed that DAL-PEG-DK5 might be a potent antimicrobial agent for treatment of staphylococcal skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Golda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | | | - Aleksandra Kret
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Olena Babyak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Kinga Wójcik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Dobosz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
- Department of Oral Immunity and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Joanna Koziel
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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130
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Hammad A, Abutaleb NS, Elsebaei MM, Norvil AB, Alswah M, Ali AO, Abdel-Aleem JA, Alattar A, Bayoumi SA, Gowher H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. From Phenylthiazoles to Phenylpyrazoles: Broadening the Antibacterial Spectrum toward Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7998-8010. [PMID: 31369262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The narrow antibacterial spectrum of phenylthiazole antibiotics was expanded by replacing central thiazole with a pyrazole ring while maintaining its other pharmacophoric features. The most promising derivative, compound 23, was more potent than vancomycin against multidrug-resistant Gram-positive clinical isolates, including vancomycin- and linezolid-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value as low as 0.5 μg/mL. Moreover, compound 23 was superior to imipenem and meropenem against highly pathogenic carbapenem-resistant strains, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. In addition to the notable biofilm inhibition activity, compound 23 outperformed both vancomycin and kanamycin in reducing the intracellular burden of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Compound 23 cleared 90% of intracellular MRSA and 98% of Salmonella enteritidis at 2× the MIC. Moreover, preliminary pharmacokinetic investigations indicated that this class of novel antibacterial compounds is highly metabolically stable with a biological half-life of 10.5 h, suggesting a once-daily dosing regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Alswah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | - Alsagher O Ali
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , South Valley University , Qena , 83523 , Egypt
| | - Jelan A Abdel-Aleem
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Assiut University , Assiut , 71515 , Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Alattar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt
| | - Sammar A Bayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Heliopolis University , Cairo , 11777 , Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11884 , Egypt.,University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program , Zewail City of Science and Technology , October Gardens, 6th of October , Giza 12578 , Egypt
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131
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Lin Z, Wu T, Wang W, Li B, Wang M, Chen L, Xia H, Zhang T. Biofunctions of antimicrobial peptide-conjugated alginate/hyaluronic acid/collagen wound dressings promote wound healing of a mixed-bacteria-infected wound. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:330-342. [PMID: 31421174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The increase in severe infections caused by antibiotic drug resistance and the decrease in the number of new antibacterial drugs approved for use in the last few decades are driving the need for the development of new antimicrobial strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a potential new class of antimicrobial drugs that are expected to solve the problem of global antibiotic drug resistance. Herein, the AMP Tet213 was immobilised onto the substrates of alginate (ALG), hyaluronic acid (HA), and collagen (COL) to form the ALG/HA/COL-AMP wound dressing. This wound dressing exhibited a high degree of swelling and the appropriate porosity, mechanical properties, and biodegradability. The Tet213-immobilised ALG/HA/COL dressings exhibited antimicrobial activity against three pathogenic bacterial strains (Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive MRSA and S. aureus) and facilitated the proliferation of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells. In addition, the ALG/HA/COL-AMP antimicrobial dressings promoted wound healing, re-epithelialisation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis. Moreover, the wound-healing effects of ALG/HA/COL-AMP surpassed the gauze and ALG/HA/COL compared to commercially available silver-based dressings (Aguacel Ag). These results suggest that the Tet213-conjugated ALG/HA/COL wound dressing, with its multiple biological activities, is a promising wound-dressing material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China; Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Institute of Orthopedic Diseases and Center for Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wanshun Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Binglin Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, China
| | - Ming Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, China
| | - Hong Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China; Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Guangzhou 510010, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China; Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Guangzhou 510010, China.
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132
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Mikkaichi T, Yeaman MR, Hoffmann A. Identifying determinants of persistent MRSA bacteremia using mathematical modeling. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1007087. [PMID: 31295255 PMCID: PMC6622483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus (SA), especially methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA), is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite susceptibility phenotypes in vitro, persistent MRSA strains fail to clear with appropriate anti-MRSA therapy during bacteremia in vivo. Thus, identifying the factors that cause such MRSA persistence is of direct and urgent clinical relevance. To address the dynamics of MRSA persistence in the face of host immunity and typical antibiotic regimens, we developed a mathematical model based on the overarching assumption that phenotypic heterogeneity is a hallmark of MRSA persistence. First, we applied an ensemble modeling approach and obtained parameter sets that satisfied the condition of a minimum inoculum dose to establish infection. Second, by simulating with the selected parameter sets under vancomycin therapy which follows clinical practices, we distinguished the models resulting in resolving or persistent bacteremia, based on the total SA exceeding a detection limit after five days of treatment. Third, to find key determinants that discriminate resolving and persistent bacteremia, we applied a machine learning approach and found that the immune clearance rate of persister cells is a key feature. But, fourth, when relapsing bacteremia was considered, the growth rate of persister cells was also found to be a key feature. Finally, we explored pharmacological strategies for persistent and relapsing bacteremia and found that a persister killer, but not a persister formation inhibitor, could provide for an effective cure the persistent bacteremia. Thus, to develop better clinical solutions for MRSA persistence and relapse, our modeling results indicate that we need to better understand the pathogen-host interactions of persister MRSAs in vivo. Staphylococcus aureus causes potentially lethal infections of the bloodstream and target organs when able to enter the body, often via skin trauma or catheterization. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) resist common antibiotics, but are often successfully treated with vancomycin. However, in some MRSA patients, vancomycin is less effective. This results in persistent bacteremia, even though the isolates can be effectively killed in vitro. MRSA bacteria are thought to switch between two forms, normal and persister cells, that are genetically identical. Persisters, the minor subpopulation, are slow-growing and show lower susceptibility to vancomycin than normal MRSA. To understand the dynamic interplay between the two bacterial populations when challenged by host immunity and vancomycin treatment, we developed a mathematical model and analyzed it in simulations of clinically relevant scenarios. Our work suggests that the immune clearance rate of persister MRSA rather than the MRSA switch rate is a key determinant to establish persistent bacteremia. The model also suggests that increasing killing rate of persisters is a promising therapeutic strategy. Our findings emphasize the need to better understand the interactions of persister MRSAs with host cells and immune responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Mikkaichi
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TM); (AH)
| | - Michael R. Yeaman
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TM); (AH)
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133
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Kang J, Dietz MJ, Li B. Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is bactericidal against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216676. [PMID: 31170191 PMCID: PMC6553709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current challenge in the management of prosthetic joint infection is the eradication of biofilms which has driven the need for improved antimicrobial agents and regimens. In this study, the antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were investigated for their antimicrobial efficacies against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a microorganism commonly implicated in biofilm-related infections. These antimicrobials were compared to conventional antibiotics and combination treatments with rifampin. Using a Centers for Disease Control reactor, 24 h S. aureus biofilms were formed on cobalt-chromium discs and the anti-biofilm activity was determined by quantifying the amount of colony forming units following treatments. We found that LL-37 was the most efficacious antimicrobial agent with a more than 4 log reduction in colony counts. In comparison, silver nanoparticles and conventional antibiotics were not as efficacious, with a less than 1 log reduction in colony counts. Antimicrobial combination treatments with rifampin significantly increased the log reduction for AgNPs and gentamicin, although still significantly less than LL-37 in isolation. Furthermore, kinetic studies revealed the rapid elimination of S. aureus biofilm with LL-37. Collectively, the results of this study demonstrated that LL-37 was an effective agent against S. aureus biofilms and may have potential clinical applications in the eradication of biofilms and treatment of prosthetic joint infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
| | - Matthew J. Dietz
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MJD); (BL)
| | - Bingyun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MJD); (BL)
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134
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Dong P, Mohammad H, Hui J, Leanse LG, Li J, Liang L, Dai T, Seleem MN, Cheng J. Photolysis of Staphyloxanthin in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Potentiates Killing by Reactive Oxygen Species. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900030. [PMID: 31179216 PMCID: PMC6548961 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Confronted with the severe situation that the pace of resistance acquisition is faster than the clinical introduction of new antibiotics, health organizations are calling for effective approaches to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Here, an approach to treat MRSA through photolysis of staphyloxanthin, an antioxidant residing in the microdomain of S. aureus membrane, is reported. This photochemistry process is uncovered through transient absorption imaging and quantitated by absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Photolysis of staphyloxanthin transiently elevates the membrane permeability and renders MRSA highly susceptible to hydrogen peroxide attack. Consequently, staphyloxanthin photolysis by low-level 460 nm light eradicates MRSA synergistically with hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species. The effectiveness of this synergistic therapy is well validated in MRSA planktonic culture, MRSA-infected macrophage cells, stationary-phase MRSA, persisters, S. aureus biofilms, and two mice wound infection models. Collectively, the work demonstrates that staphyloxanthin photolysis is a new therapeutic platform to treat MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu‐Ting Dong
- Department of ChemistryBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicinePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA
| | - Jie Hui
- Prof. J.‐X. Cheng, Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - Leon G. Leanse
- Wellman Center for PhotomedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolMA02114USA
| | - Junjie Li
- Prof. J.‐X. Cheng, Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - Lijia Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsInstitute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for PhotomedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolMA02114USA
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative PathobiologyCollege of Veterinary MedicinePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA
| | - Ji‐Xin Cheng
- Department of ChemistryBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
- Prof. J.‐X. Cheng, Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
- Photonics CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
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135
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Been Koo
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Republic of Korea
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136
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Neshani A, Zare H, Akbari Eidgahi MR, Khaledi A, Ghazvini K. Epinecidin-1, a highly potent marine antimicrobial peptide with anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 20:33. [PMID: 31138331 PMCID: PMC6537373 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-019-0309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic-resistant pathogens are an emerging threat in this century. Epinecidin-1 is a multi-functional Antimicrobial Peptide (AMP) produced by Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) has been shown to have extensive potentials as an alternative for current antibiotics. Due to the huge costs for the study and the production of a new drug, if an antimicrobial peptide has other beneficial functions in addition to antimicrobial activities, it would be preferred. METHODS In this study, properties and applications of Epinecidin-1 were investigated and addressed comprehensively. To achieve this, the Google Scholar search engine and three databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used. RESULTS Epinecidin-1 is a cationic AMP with an alpha-helical structure. Seven functional usages of this peptide have been reported in the literature including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and wound healing properties. Moreover, this peptide has high potential to be used as an active ingredient in cleaning solutions as well as application in vaccine production. CONCLUSION Due to significant antimicrobial activities tested on bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Helicobacter pylori and also wound healing properties, Epi-1 has high potential to be considered as an important candidate for the production of new drugs and treatment of various infections including diabetic foot ulcer and peptic ulcer. Moreover, adjuvant-like properties of Epi-1 make it a suitable candidate for the studies related to an adjuvant. Other attractive properties such as anticancer effects have also been reported for this peptide which encourages further studies on this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Neshani
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosna Zare
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Azad Khaledi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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137
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Construction of a genetically modified T7Select phage system to express the antimicrobial peptide 1018. J Microbiol 2019; 57:532-538. [PMID: 31054139 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage therapy was an ascendant technology for combating bacterial infections before the golden age of antibiotics, but the therapeutic potential of phages was largely ignored after the discovery of penicillin. Recently, with antibiotic-resistant infections on the rise, these phages are receiving renewed attention to combat problematic bacterial infections. Our approach is to enhance bacteriophages with antimicrobial peptides, short peptides with broad-spectrum antibiotic or antibiofilm effects. We inserted coding sequences for 1018, an antimicrobial peptide previously shown to be an effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent, or the fluorescent marker mCherry, into the T7Select phage genome. Transcription and production of 1018 or mCherry began rapidly alter E. coli cultures were infected with genetically modified phages. mCherry fluorescence, which requires a 90 min initial maturation period, was observed in infected cultures after 2 h of infection. Finally, we tested phages expressing 1018 (1018 T7) against bacterial planktonic cultures and biofilms, and found the 1018 T7 phage was more effective than the unmodified T7Select phage at both killing planktonic cells and eradicating established biofilms, validating our phage-driven antimicrobial peptide expression system. The combination of narrow-spectrum phages delivering relatively high local doses of broad-spectrum antimicrobials could be a powerful method to combat resistant infections. The experiments we describe prove this combination is feasible in vitro, but further testing and optimization are required before genetically modified phages are ready for use in vivo.
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138
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Motos A, Yang H, Yang M, Torres A. Perspectives on synthetic pharmacotherapy for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1439-1448. [PMID: 31095426 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1617852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Nosocomial pneumonia is the second most common infection in hospital settings, resulting in substantial increases in morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. The rapid increase in resistance of nosocomial pathogens to many antibiotics and the high dissemination of resistance genes highlight the need for innovative approaches to combat difficult-to-treat nosocomial respiratory infections. Areas covered: This review summarizes the synthetic antimicrobials that are currently in development for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia, focusing on antibiotics in the final phases of clinical development and on the strategies employed by novel synthetic antimicrobial peptides. Expert opinion: Several novel synthetic antimicrobials are currently in the pipeline, and it appears that new antimicrobial peptides or mimetics will soon be made available, expanding the opportunities to treat nosocomial pneumonia. However, the approval process for use in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia is arduous. Given that significant investments by pharmaceutical companies have ended in failure to obtain the approval of regulatory agencies, novel platforms for antimicrobial discovery are needed. The identification of new and fully synthetic chemical structures with activity against nosocomial pathogens needs to be followed by preclinical studies in large animals and by pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in specific critically ill populations to assess lung penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Motos
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias , Madrid , Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer , Barcelona , Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Hua Yang
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Minlan Yang
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Antoni Torres
- Division of Animal Experimentation, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Clinic , Barcelona , Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias , Madrid , Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer , Barcelona , Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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139
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Al Tall Y, Abualhaijaa A, Alsaggar M, Almaaytah A, Masadeh M, Alzoubi KH. Design and characterization of a new hybrid peptide from LL-37 and BMAP-27. Infect Drug Resist 2019; 12:1035-1045. [PMID: 31118709 PMCID: PMC6503343 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s199473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: The world is heading to a post-antibiotic era where the treatment of bacterial infections will not be possible even with well-known last-line antibiotics. Unfortunately, the emergence of multidrug resistant bacterial strains is uncontrollable, and the humanity will face a life-threatening fate unless new antimicrobial agents with new bacterial target sites are promptly developed. Herein, we design a hybrid antimicrobial peptide (B1) from helical parts taken from the parent peptides: LL-37 and BMAP-27. The purpose of this design is to improve the potency and enhance the toxicity profile of the parent peptides. Methods: Rational design was used to hybridize two antimicrobial peptides, in which two helical parts from the bovine analog BMAP-27, and the human cathelicidin LL-37 were used to generate a novel peptide (B1). The physicochemical properties were checked using in silico methods. The antimicrobial activities were tested against nine control and resistant strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. On the other hand, the antibiofilm activities were tested against four resistant strains. The cytotoxicity on mammalian cells was tested using HEK293, and the hemolysis activity was also investigated on human blood. Finally, synergistic studies were performed with four conventional antibiotics against four resistant strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Results: The new peptide B1 exhibited broad-spectrum activities against all tested strains. The concentration against planktonic cells ranged between 10 and 20 µM. However, 40-60 µM were needed to eradicate the biofilms. B1 showed reduced toxicity toward mammalian cells with minimal hemolysis risk. On the other hand, the synergistic studies showed improved activities for the combined conventional antibiotics with a huge reduction in their minimum inhibitory concentration values. The concentrations of B1 peptide combined with the tested antibiotics were also decreased markedly down to 0.5 µM in some cases. Conclusion: B1 is a hybrid peptide from two cathelicidin peptides. It showed an improved activity compared to parent peptides. The hybridization was successful in this study. It generated a new potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial. The toxicity profile was improved, and the synergism with the convention antibiotics showed promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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140
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Elsebaei MM, Mohammad H, Samir A, Abutaleb NS, Norvil AB, Michie AR, Moustafa MM, Samy H, Gowher H, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Lipophilic efficient phenylthiazoles with potent undecaprenyl pyrophosphatase inhibitory activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:49-62. [PMID: 31075608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance remains a pressing medical challenge for which novel antibacterial agents are urgently needed. The phenylthiazole scaffold represents a promising platform to develop novel antibacterial agents for drug-resistant infections. However, enhancing the physicochemical profile of this class of compounds remains a challenging endeavor to address to successfully translate these molecules into novel antibacterial agents in the clinic. We extended our understanding of the SAR of the phenylthiazoles' lipophilic moiety by exploring its ability to accommodate a hydrophilic group or a smaller sized hetero-ring with the objective of enhancing the physicochemical properties of this class of novel antimicrobials. Overall, the 2-thienyl derivative 20 and the hydroxyl-containing derivative 31 emerged as the most promising antibacterial agents inhibiting growth of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration as low as 1 μg/mL. Remarkably, compound 20 suppressed bacterial undecaprenyl pyrophosphatase (UppP), the molecular target of the phenylthiazole compounds, in a sub nano-molar concentration range (almost 20,000 times more potent than the lead compounds 1a and 1b). Compound 31 possessed the most balanced antibacterial and physicochemical profile. The compound exhibited rapid bactericidal activity against S. aureus, and successfully cleared intracellular S. aureus within infected macrophages. Furthermore, insertion of the hydroxyl group enhanced the aqueous solubility of 31 by more than 50-fold relative to the first-generation lead 1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Amgad Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Allison B Norvil
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Amie R Michie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mahmoud M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebatallah Samy
- University of Science and Technology, Biomedical Sciences Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Humaira Gowher
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Nanoscience Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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141
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Shwaiki LN, Arendt EK, Lynch KM, Thery TLC. Inhibitory effect of four novel synthetic peptides on food spoilage yeasts. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 300:43-52. [PMID: 31035250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The spoilage of foods caused by the growth of undesirable yeast species is a problem in the food industry. Yeast species such as Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Debaryomyces hansenii, Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been encountered in foods such as high sugar products, fruit juices, wine, mayonnaise, chocolate and soft drinks. The demand for new methods of preservations has increased because of the negative association attached to chemical preservatives. The sequence of a novel short peptide (KKFFRAWWAPRFLK-NH2) was modified to generate three versions of this original peptide. These peptides were tested for the inhibition of the yeasts mentioned above, allowing for the better understanding of their residue modifications. The range of the minimum inhibitory concentration was between 25 and 200 μg/mL. Zygosaccharomyces bailii was the most sensitive strain to the peptides, while Zygosaccharomyces rouxii was the most resistant. Membrane permeabilisation was found to be responsible for yeast inhibition at a level which was a two-fold increase of the MIC (400 μg/mL). The possibility of the production of reactive oxygen species was also assessed but was not recognised as a factor involved for the peptides' mode of action. Their stability in different environments was also tested, focusing on high salt, pH and thermal stability. The newly designed peptides showed good antifungal activity against some common food spoilage yeasts and has been proven effective in the application in Fanta Orange. These efficient novel peptides represent a new source of food preservation that can be used as an alternative for current controversial preservatives used in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila N Shwaiki
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elke K Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Kieran M Lynch
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Thibaut L C Thery
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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142
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Amso Z, Hayouka Z. Antimicrobial random peptide cocktails: a new approach to fight pathogenic bacteria. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2007-2014. [PMID: 30688322 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09961h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria has become a serious threat to public health, and therefore there is an urgent need to develop new classes of antimicrobial agents. Nowadays, natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic derivatives are considered as promising alternatives to traditional antibiotics. The broad molecular diversity of AMPs, in terms of sequences and structures, suggests that their activity does not depend on specific features of amino acid sequence or peptide conformation. We therefore selected two common properties of AMPs, (high percentage of hydrophobic and cationic amino acids), to develop a novel approach to synthesize random antimicrobial peptide mixtures (RPMs). Instead of incorporating a single amino acid at each coupling step, a mixture of hydrophobic and cationic amino acids in a defined proportion is coupled. This results in a mixture that contains up to 2n sequences, where n is the number of the coupling step, of random peptides with a defined composition, stereochemistry, and controlled chain length. We have discovered that RPMs of hydrophobic and cationic α-amino acids, such as phenylalanine and lysine, display strong and broad antimicrobial activity towards Gram-negative, Gram-positive, clinically isolated antibiotic resistant "superbugs", and several plant pathogenic bacteria. This review summarizes our efforts to explore the mode of action of RPMs and their potential as bioactive agents for multiple applications, including the prevention of biofilm formation and degradation of mature biofilm (related to human health), reduction of disease severity in plant bacterial disease models (related to crop protection), and inhibition of bacterial growth in milk (related to food preservation). All our findings illustrate the effectiveness of RPMs and their great potential for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Amso
- The Scripps Research Institute, d/b/a Calibr, a division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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143
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Kumar P, Pletzer D, Haney EF, Rahanjam N, Cheng JTJ, Yue M, Aljehani W, Hancock REW, Kizhakkedathu JN, Straus SK. Aurein-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides Formulated with Pegylated Phospholipid Micelles to Target Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:443-453. [PMID: 30565465 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides have been the focus of considerable research; however, issues associated with toxicity and aggregation have the potential to limit clinical applications. Here, a derivative of a truncated version of aurein 2.2 (aurein 2.2Δ3), namely peptide 73, was investigated, along with its d-amino acid counterpart (D-73) and a retro-inverso version (RI-73). A version that incorporated a cysteine residue to the C-terminus (73c) was also generated, as this form is required to covalently attach antimicrobial peptides to polymers (e.g., polyethylene glycol (PEG) or hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG)). The antimicrobial activity of the 73-derived peptides was enhanced 2- to 8-fold, and all the derivatives eradicated preformed Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Formulation of the peptides with compatible polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified phospholipid micelles alleviated toxicity toward human cells and reduced aggregation. When evaluated in vivo, the unformulated d-enantiomers aggregated when injected under the skin of mice, but micelle encapsulated peptides were well absorbed. Pegylated micelle formulated peptides were investigated for their potential as therapeutic agents for treating high-density infections in a murine cutaneous abscess model. Formulated peptide 73 reduced abscess size by 36% and bacterial loads by 2.2-fold compared to the parent peptide aurein 2.2Δ3. Micelle encapsulated peptides 73c and D-73 exhibited superior activity, further reducing abscess sizes by 85% and 63% and lowering bacterial loads by 510- and 9-fold compared to peptide 73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
- Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Evan F. Haney
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Negin Rahanjam
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - John T. J. Cheng
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Marty Yue
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Waleed Aljehani
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
| | - Robert E. W. Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
- Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Suzana K. Straus
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
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144
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Lopes FES, da Costa HPS, Souza PFN, Oliveira JPB, Ramos MV, Freire JEC, Jucá TL, Freitas CDT. Peptide from thaumatin plant protein exhibits selective anticandidal activity by inducing apoptosis via membrane receptor. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:46-55. [PMID: 30577001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Osmotin- and thaumatin-like proteins (OLPs and TLPs) have been associated with plant defense responses to different biotic stresses. In the present work, several in silico sequences from OLPs and TLPs were investigated by means of bioinformatics tools aiming to prospect for antimicrobial peptides. The peptide sequences chosen were further synthesized and characterized, and their activities and action mechanisms were assayed against some phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria and yeasts of clinical importance. From this survey approach, four peptide sequences (GDCKATSC, CPRALKVPGGCN, IVGQCPAKLKA, and CAADIVGQCPAKLK) were selected considering some chemical parameters commonly attributed to antimicrobial peptides. Antimicrobial assays showed that these peptides were unable to inhibit mycelial growth of phytopathogenic fungi and they did not affect bacterial cell growth. Nevertheless, significant inhibitory activity was found for CPRALKVPGGCN and CAADIVGQCPAKLK against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy assays suggested that CAADIVGQCPAKLK did not damage the overall cell structure, or its activity was negligible on yeast membrane and cell wall integrity. However, it induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Molecular docking analysis showed that CAADIVGQCPAKLK had strong affinity to interact with specific plasma membrane receptors of C. albicans and S. cerevisiae, which have been described as promoting the induction of apoptosis. The results indicate that CAADIVGQCPAKLK can be a valuable target for the development of a desired antimicrobial agent against the pathogen C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco E S Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Helen P S da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro F N Souza
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - João P B Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Márcio V Ramos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - José E C Freire
- Faculdade UniNassau, Campus Parangaba, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 403-433, Parangaba, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Thiago L Jucá
- Refinaria de Lubrificantes e Derivados do Nordeste (Lubnor), Petrobras, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cleverson D T Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CEP 60.440-970, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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146
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Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistant bacteria requires unconventional strategies toward efficient chemotherapeutic agents, preferably with alternative mechanisms of action. The bacterial cell membrane has become an appealing target since its essential and highly conservative structure are key challenges to resistance mechanisms. Inspired by natural antimicrobial peptides, research on membrane-targeting antimicrobials has been growing out of the peptide space. The pursuit of more druggable molecules led to the discovery that the pharmacophore of antimicrobial peptides is smaller than anticipated. Several promising classes of membrane-targeting antimicrobials have been discovered, such as ceragenins, reutericyclines, carbohydrate amphiphiles - among others. This review will discuss the most recent findings on membrane-targeting antibiotics, focusing on small molecules outside the antimicrobial peptide molecular space.
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147
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Gunasekaran P, Rajasekaran G, Han EH, Chung YH, Choi YJ, Yang YJ, Lee JE, Kim HN, Lee K, Kim JS, Lee HJ, Choi EJ, Kim EK, Shin SY, Bang JK. Cationic Amphipathic Triazines with Potent Anti-bacterial, Anti-inflammatory and Anti-atopic Dermatitis Properties. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1292. [PMID: 30718691 PMCID: PMC6361992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria forces the therapeutic world into a position, where the development of new and alternative kind of antibiotics is highly important. Herein, we report the development of triazine-based amphiphilic small molecular antibacterial agents as mimics of lysine- and arginine-based cationic peptide antibiotics (CPAs). These compounds were screened against a panel of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Further, anti-inflammatory evaluation of these compounds led to the identification of four efficient compounds, DG-5, DG-6, DL-5, and DL-6. These compounds displayed significant potency against drug-resistant bacteria, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRPA), and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (VREF). Mechanistic studies, including cytoplasmic membrane depolarization, confocal imaging and flow cytometry suggest that DG-5, DG-6, and DL-5 kill bacteria by targeting bacterial membrane, while DL-6 follows intracellular targeting mechanism. We also demonstrate that these molecules have therapeutic potential by showing the efficiency of DG-5 in preventing the lung inflammation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. More interestingly, DL-6 exhibited impressive potency on atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in BALB/c mice model by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these results suggest that they can serve a new class of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-atopic agents with promising therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pethaiah Gunasekaran
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganesan Rajasekaran
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Han
- Drug & Disease Target Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Chung
- Drug & Disease Target Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Yang
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Nam Kim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiram Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Choi
- Department of Physical Education, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea.
| | - Song Yub Shin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Kyu Bang
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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148
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Ashraf K, Yasrebi K, Adeniyi ET, Hertlein T, Ohlsen K, Lalk M, Erdmann F, Hilgeroth A. Antistaphylococcal evaluation of indole-naphthalene hybrid analogs. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:275-283. [PMID: 30666089 PMCID: PMC6331074 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s184965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Resistance developments against established antibiotics are an emerging problem for antibacterial therapies. Infections with Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) have become more difficult to treat with standard antibiotics that often fail, especially against MRSA. In consequence, novel antibiotics are urgently needed. Antibiotics from natural sources own complicated structures that cause difficulties for a chemical synthetic production. We developed novel small-molecule antibacterials that are easily accessible in a simple one-pot synthesis. The central indolonaphthalene core is substituted with indole residues at various positions. Both the varied indole substitutions and their positions at the molecular scaffold influence the determined antibacterial activity against the evaluated Staphylococcus strains. Best activities have been found for 5-chloro, -cyano, and -hydroxyl indole substitutions. Therefore, first promising lead compounds could be identified that are nontoxic in human HEK and SH-SY5Y cells and exceed the activity of used standard antibiotics, especially against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerolos Ashraf
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany,
| | - Kaveh Yasrebi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany,
| | - Emmanuel Tola Adeniyi
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Hertlein
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Knut Ohlsen
- Institute of Molecular Infection Biology, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Lalk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Erdmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany,
| | - Andreas Hilgeroth
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany,
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149
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Mazaheri Tehrani M, Erfani M, Amirmozafari N, Nejadsattari T. Synthesis of a Peptide Derivative of MicrocinJ25 and Evaluation of Antibacterial and Biological Activities. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:1264-1276. [PMID: 32641937 PMCID: PMC6934971 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.1100750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MicrocinJ25 (MccJ25) is a small ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptide that is produced by Enterobacteriacea family especially E. coli. The present study focuses on preparation and evaluation of in-vitro antimicrobial and biological properties of a new peptide derived from MccJ25. We prepared a MccJ25-derived peptide containing 14 amino acids and a single intra-molecular disulfide bond according to solid phase synthesis strategy. The purified peptide was characterized by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. 96-well microdilution plate assay was exerted for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of peptide against different bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity of the peptide derivative on HT-29 cell line assayed using MTT test. The final peptide successfully was prepared with purity more than 99.8% as determined by analytical HPLC. The evaluation of antibacterial activity of the peptide against Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacteria revealed that the peptide was very effective against E. coli 35218 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at dose 3.9 µM. The hemolytic activity toward human erythrocytes was very minimal below 0.3%. The cell viability percentage of HT-29 cell line after 24 h of contact with the peptide was more than 83%. The high sensitivity of E. coli strain to this new peptide derived from MccJ25 and through minimal toxicity to cancerous cell, suggesting that above synthesized peptide could be considered as a bioactive compound for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mazaheri Tehrani
- Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Erfani
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nour Amirmozafari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Taher Nejadsattari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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150
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Bicho D, Ajami S, Liu C, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Peptide-biofunctionalization of biomaterials for osteochondral tissue regeneration in early stage osteoarthritis: challenges and opportunities. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1027-1044. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03173h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive deterioration of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation and changes in periarticular and subchondral bone, being a leading cause of disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Bicho
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra
- Guimarães
- Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory
- Braga/Guimarães
| | - S. Ajami
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculo-Skeletal Sci, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital
- Stanmore
- UK
| | - C. Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculo-Skeletal Sci, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital
- Stanmore
- UK
| | - R. L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra
- Guimarães
- Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory
- Braga/Guimarães
| | - J. M. Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra
- Guimarães
- Portugal
- ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory
- Braga/Guimarães
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