101
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Zhao X, Zhao Y, Tan H, Sun H, Qin X, Ho W, Zhou M, Lin J, Li Y. New carbon nitride close to C 6N 7 with superior visible light absorption for highly efficient photocatalysis. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1764-1772. [PMID: 36654384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The rational design and construction of novel two-dimensional (2D) carbon nitrides (CNs) beyond g-C3N4 is a hot topic in the fields of chemistry and materials. Inspired by the polymerisation of urea, we have prepared a series of novel C-C bridged heptazine CNs UOx (where x is the ratio of urea to oxamide, x = 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3), which are similar to (C6N7)n, upon the introduction of oxamide. As predicted using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the conjugated structure of UOx was effectively extended from an individual heptazine to the entire material. Consequently, its bandgap was reduced to 2.05 eV, and its absorption band edge was significantly extended to 600 nm. Furthermore, its carrier transfer and separation were significantly enhanced, establishing its superior photocatalytic activity. The optimised UO2 exhibits a superior photocatalytic hydrogen production rate about 108.59 μmol h-1 (using 10 mg of catalyst) with an apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 36.12% and 0.33% at 420 and 600 nm, respectively, which is one of the most active novel CNs reported to date. Moreover, UO2 exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of diphenylhydrazine to azobenzene with conversion and selectivity reaching ~100%, which represents a promising highly efficient 2D CN material. Regarding phenols degradation, UO2 also displayed significantly higher activity and durability during the degradation of phenol when compared to traditional g-C3N4, highlighting its significant potential for application in energy, environment and photocatalytic organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yingnan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Huaqiao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Huiying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xing Qin
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wingkei Ho
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinliang Lin
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yangguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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102
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Nazir G, Rehman A, Park SJ. Role of heteroatoms (nitrogen and sulfur)-dual doped corn-starch based porous carbons for selective CO2 adsorption and separation. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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103
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Ramezani F, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Nosratiyan N, Ghasemi S, Feizi F. Acute administration of sulfur-doped g-C3N4 induces cognitive deficits and exacerbates the levels of glial activation in mouse hippocampus. Brain Res Bull 2021; 176:54-66. [PMID: 34419511 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted increasing attention in several biomedical fields. In this study, the effects of sulfur-doped g-C3N4 (TCN) on cognitive function and histopathology of hippocampus were investigated in mice. The characteristics of synthetized sample were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Twenty-four male NMRI mice received vehicle, TCN at doses of 50, 150, or 500 mg/kg via gavage for one week. Morris water maze test was done to assess the cognitive function at day 14 post TCN administration. Nissl staining was used to determine the number of dark cells in the hippocampus. Immunostaining against NeuN, GFAP, and Iba1 was done to evaluate the neuronal density and levels of glial activation, respectively. Behavioral tests indicated that TCN reduces the spatial learning and memory in a dose-dependent manner. Histological evaluations showed an increased level of neuronal loss and glial activation in the hippocampus of TCN treated mice at doses of 150 and 500 mg/kg. Overall, our data indicate that TCN induces the cognitive impairment that is partly mediated via its exacerbating impacts on neuronal loss and glial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farangis Ramezani
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Nosratiyan
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shahram Ghasemi
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Farideh Feizi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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104
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Enhanced photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide via two-channel pathway using modified graphitic carbon nitride photocatalyst: Doping K+ and combining WO3. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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105
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Wang Y, He L, Dang G, Li H, Li X. Preparation of Fe-MIL(100)-encapsulated magnetic g-C 3N 4 for adsorption of PPCPs from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39769-39786. [PMID: 33761079 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the Fe-MIL(100) was encapsulated on the outer surface of magnetic g-C3N4 through a simple method to synthesize a novel adsorbent. The as-prepared g-C3N4/MnFe2O4/Fe-MIL(100) was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), BET specific surface area (BET), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and plasma emission spectrometry (PES). The g-C3N4/MnFe2O4/Fe-MIL(100) possessed rough surface, large surface area (303.68 m2/g), mesoporous structure and magnetic properties, which exhibited excellent adsorption performance for ciprofloxacin (CIP), oxytetracycline (OTC) and indomethacin (IDM) with the maximum adsorption capacities reaching up to 45.51, 64.34 and 103.91 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption processes of all three PPCPs could be described by different kinds of isotherms and kinetic models. Additionally, the adsorption capacity of the resulting adsorbent could maintain 73.43% of the first adsorption capacity even after ten cycles. Finally, the possible adsorption mechanisms of g-C3N4/MnFe2O4/Fe-MIL(100) for CIP/OTC/IDM were proposed. Thus, g-C3N4/MnFe2O4/Fe-MIL(100) possessed excellent features of high adsorption capacity, fast removal rate, easy synthesis, salt resistance and magnetic separation, which showed great potential application to be used as an effective adsorbent for adsorptive removal of PPCPs in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan He
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyan Dang
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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106
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Li X, Liu W, Fang J, Huang H, Zhu C, Ni Y, Fang L, Kou J, Lu C, Xu Z. Dual-layered up-conversion films with tunable multi-peaks spectrum for efficient photocatalytic degradation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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107
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Jourshabani M, Lee BK. Unmasking the Role of an Amorphous/Amorphous Interface and a Crystalline/Amorphous Interface in the Transition of Charge Carriers on the CN/SiO 2/WO 3 Photocatalyst. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31785-31798. [PMID: 34223765 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Making heterojunctions between semiamorphous carbon nitride (CN) and other well-matched semiconductors (or even insulators) can solve many photocatalytic problems such as the recombination of charge carriers. However, many researchers encounter intrinsic problems including the lack of detailed information on contact boundaries in their heterojunctions, particularly in the amorphous/amorphous interface. In addition, the roles of contact boundaries in the photocatalytic mechanisms of many heterojunctions are still obscure. This study synthesized a novel CN/SiO2/WO3 photocatalyst having two different contact features by constructing an amorphous/amorphous (CN/SiO2) interface and a crystalline/amorphous (WO3/CN) interface to provide deep insights into heterojunction interfaces. SiO2 plays an exceptional role as a major component in the separation and migration of charge carriers. It not only modifies the texture but also transfers electrons. Surprisingly, the amorphous/amorphous interface shows an unpredicted capability for decreasing the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Based on capturing experiments and photoluminescence investigations, the amorphous/amorphous interface is unprecedently present in the production of hydroxyl radicals, while the crystalline/amorphous interface gives more superoxide radicals. This work provides a platform that opens a new perspective on the selection of mutual photocatalysts. It extends boundaries of conventional heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Jourshabani
- Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehakro 93, Namgu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehakro 93, Namgu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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108
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Chen M, Yang D, Wu S, Zhou J, Zhou D, Liu C. Self-supporting Atmosphere-Assisted Synthesis of 1D Mo 2 C-based Catalyst for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution. Chemistry 2021; 27:9866-9875. [PMID: 33876840 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
One-dimensional materials exhibit fascinating properties in electrocatalytic applications but their fabrication faces the challenge of tedious and complicated operations. We have developed a bottom-up strategy to construct a 1D metal carbide catalyst (Mo2 C@NC) consisting of ultrafine Mo2 C nanoparticles embedded within nitrogen-doped carbon layers by simply calcining a mixture of ammonium molybdate, urea and melamine. Experimental results and thermodynamic calculations demonstrate that the retainable pyrolysis-generated self-supporting atmosphere plays a crucial role in the crystalline phase and morphology of materials. When functioned as an electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the achieved Mo2 C@NC presents an excellent catalytic activity as well as outstanding stability. This work could shed fresh light onto the facile synthesis of effective HER catalysts with 1D nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 (P. R., China
| | - Dongrui Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 (P. R., China
| | - Shifan Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 (P. R., China
| | - Jiabei Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 (P. R., China
| | - Dali Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 (P. R., China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064 (P. R., China
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109
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Ye L, Zhang H, Xiong Y, Kong C, Li H, Li W. Efficient photoelectrochemical overall water-splitting of MoS 2/g-C 3N 4 n-n type heterojunction film. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:214701. [PMID: 34240966 DOI: 10.1063/5.0051199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The construction of heterojunctions has attracted considerable attention among the various strategies of water-splitting for hydrogen evolution due to their band structure advantages. In this research, we combined chemical vapor deposition and pulsed laser deposition to fabricate MoS2/g-C3N4 heterojunction films on indium-tin oxide glass substrates, and we studied the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. The x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscope characterizations suggested the successful preparation of MoS2/g-C3N4 heterojunction films. In particular, the shifts of the peak positions in the XPS spectra indicated the formation of a strong interaction between the g-C3N4 and MoS2 films. After depositing MoS2 on the g-C3N4 film, the visible-light absorption was enhanced and broadened, the electrical conductivity improved, and the intensity of the photoluminescence peak decreased. As a result, the greater generation, faster transport, and lower recombination rate of electrons and holes caused the heterojunction films to show higher PEC performance. More importantly, the obtained MoS2/g-C3N4 film was confirmed to be an n-n type heterojunction and to have a typical type-II band structure, which could indeed suppress the recombination and promote the separation, transfer, and transport of photogenerated electron-holes. Finally, the obtained MoS2/g-C3N4 film successfully achieved the overall water-splitting and the H2 evolution rate when the visible-light radiation reached 252 µmol/h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Xiong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Kong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
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110
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Yan J, Zhang X, Zheng W, Lee LYS. Interface Engineering of a 2D-C 3N 4/NiFe-LDH Heterostructure for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24723-24733. [PMID: 34009942 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting offers an economic and sustainable pathway for producing hydrogen as a zero-emission fuel, but it still suffers from low efficiencies limited by visible-light absorption capacity and charge separation kinetics. Herein, we report an interface-engineered 2D-C3N4/NiFe layered double hydroxide (CN/LDH) heterostructure that shows highly enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) rate with excellent long-term stability. The morphology and band gap structure of NiFe-LDH are precisely regulated by employing NH4F as a structure-directing agent, which enables a fine interfacial tuning via coupling with 2D-C3N4. The formation of a type II interface in CN/LDH enlarges the active surface area and promotes the charge separation efficiency, leading to an HER rate of 3087 μmol g-1 h-1, which is 14 times higher than that of 2D-C3N4. This study highlights a rational interface engineering strategy for the formation of a heterostructure with a proper hole transport co-catalyst for designing effective water-splitting photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiandi Zhang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weiran Zheng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lawrence Yoon Suk Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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111
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Zhang G, Xu Y, Yan D, He C, Li Y, Ren X, Zhang P, Mi H. Construction of K+ Ion Gradient in Crystalline Carbon Nitride to Accelerate Exciton Dissociation and Charge Separation for Visible Light H2 Production. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Yangsen Xu
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Dafeng Yan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Chuanxin He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
- Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Yongliang Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
- Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Xiangzhong Ren
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
- Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Peixin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
- Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Hongwei Mi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
- Guangdong Flexible Wearable Energy and Tools Engineering Technology Research Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
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112
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Carbon Defects Induced Delocalization of π Electrons Enables Efficient Charge Separation in Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Increased Photocatalytic H2 Generation. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03674-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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113
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Bifunctional Polymeric Carbon Nitride via Tuning Fabrication Conditions for Photocatalysis. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11060651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, the hydrogen evolution reaction and photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye were studied using urea-based polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) as photocatalyst. The effects of calcination temperature and heating rate of the PCN on structural, morphological, optical, photoelectrochemical, and photocatalytic properties were addressed. Different properties were found to be crucial in boosting photocatalytic performance dependending on the reaction type. The highest efficiency in hydrogen evolution was observed in the presence of PCN characterized by the superior charge transport and charge lifetime properties arising from higher degree of structural arrangement and lower defect content in comparison to that of other photocatalysts. However, photocatalytic degradation of RhB was the most powerful when the catalyst exhibited the highest specific surface area as a key parameter determining its efficiency, although it presented lower charge transport and charge carrier properties.
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114
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Wang X, Jiang J, Ma Y, Song Y, Li T, Dong S. Tetracycline hydrochloride degradation over manganese cobaltate (MnCo 2O 4) modified ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4) nanosheet through the highly efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate under visible light irradiation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 600:449-462. [PMID: 34023706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation by heterogeneous transition metal oxides is an effective approach for treating emerging pollutants in water. However, the low PMS activation efficiency associated with the valency conversion rate of transition metals has been a major challenge to sulfate radical-based oxidation. In this work, manganese cobaltate (MnCo2O4) nanoparticles anchored on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) flakes (MnCo2O4/g-C3N4) were successfully prepared and showed high PMS activation efficiency under visible (Vis) light. The obtained catalysts degraded 96.1% of the tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) through the synergistic effect of PMS and photocatalysis. The reaction rate constant (0.2505 min-1) was 5.3 and 1.8 times higher in the MnCo2O4/g-C3N4/PMS/Vis system than in the pristine g-C3N4 (0.0471 min-1) and MnCo2O4 (0.1435 min-1) systems, respectively. The characterization results verified that g-C3N4, which functions as the electron donor in the photocatalytic heterojunction system, could transmit numerous photogenerated electrons to MnCo2O4, thereby increasing the cyclability of divalent-trivalent metal ions. The composites also showed good stability, cycling capability, and cation/anion tolerance. Tentative degradation mechanism and reaction pathways were proposed based on the reactive species and degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuhan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yueyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Tianren Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Shuangshi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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115
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Xu C, Liu X, Li D, Chen Z, Yang J, Huang J, Pan H. Coordination of π-Delocalization in g-C 3N 4 for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution under Visible Light. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:20114-20124. [PMID: 33896182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
g-C3N4 with π-delocalization was coordinated between urea and a small amount of 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) (UCN-xTAPB) by a facile polymerization. Compared with pristine g-C3N4(UCN), the obtained materials, UCN-xTAPB, showed an extended delocalization with increased electrical conductivity, enhanced adsorption of visible light, and improved separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The average H2 evolution rate of UCN-4TAPB is about 10.55 mmol h-1 g-1 under visible-light irradiation (λ > 420 nm), which is much higher than reported data. Furthermore, density-functional theory (DFT) calculation confirms that the proposed structure with the incorporation of TAPB into the CN network shows the extended delocalization. Moreover, different structures of aromatic rings (anthroic acid, naphthoic acid and benzoic acid) are applied to verify the role of the enhanced π-delocalization in g-C3N4. By adopting different precursors (thiourea, dicyandiamide) to polymerize with TAPB, we further confirm the extension of optical absorption under visible-light irradiation and the improvement of hydrogen evolution rate, indicating the universality of the current strategy. Therefore, we believe that our work provides an efficient strategy for constructing the delocalized structure of g-C3N4 as effective visible-light-responsive photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqun Xu
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Dezhi Li
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Chen
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Yang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Janjer Huang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Hui Pan
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P. R. China
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P. R. China
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116
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Platinum nanocomposites with mesoporous carbon nitride: synthesis and evaluation of the hydrogenation activity. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3136-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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117
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Wang H, Liu G, Hao X, Li M, Yang L, Sun P, Zhang H. Rich −NH
2
Mesoporous g‐C
3
N
4
Nanosheets Efficient for Cycloaddition of CO
2
to Epoxides without Solvent and Co‐Catalyst. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hefang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Hao
- Dongying Hi-tech Spring Chemical Industry Co., LTD Dongying 257000 China
| | - Manhua Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Lijia Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Peidong Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Huixin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
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118
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Wang Q, Xu C, He H, Zhang X, Lin L, Wang G. Salt-resistant nanosensor for fast sulfadimethoxine tracing based on oxygen-doped g-C 3N 4 nanoplates. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:153. [PMID: 33821319 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel oxygen-doped g-C3N4 nanoplate (OCNP) structure that can serve as an efficient sulfadimethoxine (SDM) sensing platform has been developed. Taking advantage of its inherent oxygen-containing functional groups and 2D layered structure with π-conjugated system, OCNP exhibits effective radiative recombination of surface-confined electron-hole pairs and efficient π-π interaction with SDM. This causes rapid fluorescence response and thus ensures the fast and continuous monitoring of SDM. Based on the fluorescence experiments and band structure calculation, the mechanism of the SDM-induced quenching phenomenon was mainly elucidated as the photoinduced electron transfer process under a dynamic quenching mode. Under optimized conditions, the as-proposed nanosensor, which emitted strong fluorescence at 375 nm with an excitation wavelength at 255 nm, presents an excellent analytical performance toward SDM with a wide linear range from 3 to 60 μmol L-1 and a detection limit of 0.85 μmol L-1 (S/N = 3). In addition, this strategy exhibits satisfactory recovery varied from 94 to 103% with relative standard derivations (RSD) in the range 0.9 to 6.8% in real water samples. It also shows marked tolerability to a series of high concentrations of metals and inorganic salts. This strategy not only broadens the application of oxygen-doped g-C3N4 nanomaterial in antibiotic sensing field but also presents a promising potential for on-line contaminant tracing in complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusu Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenmin Xu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Lin
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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119
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Zhang L, Ge J, Zhuang T, Ding X, Zheng X. Enhanced photocatalytic nitrogen fixation performance of g-C3N4 under the burning explosion effect. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-021-01947-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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120
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Li Y, Wan M, Yan G, Qiu P, Wang X. A dual-signal sensor for the analysis of parathion-methyl using silver nanoparticles modified with graphitic carbon nitride. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:183-190. [PMID: 34012694 PMCID: PMC8116212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective method was developed for both UV-vis spectrophotometric and fluorimetric determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). This method used silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) modified with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). The AgNPs reduced the fluorescence intensity of g-C3N4. Acetylthiocholine (ATCh) could be catalytically hydrolyzed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to form thiocholine, which induces aggregation of the AgNPs. This aggregation led to the recovery of the blue fluorescence of g-C3N4, with excitation/emission peaks at 310/460 nm. This fluorescence intensity could be reduced again in the presence of OPs because of the inhibitory effect of OPs on the activity of AChE. The degree of reduction was found to be proportional to the concentration of OPs, and the limit of fluorometric detection was 0.0324 μg/L (S/N = 3). In addition, the absorption of the g-C3N4/AgNPs at 390 nm decreased because of the aggregation of the AgNPs, but was recovered in presence of OPs because of the inhibition of enzyme activity by OPs. This method was successfully applied to the analysis of parathion-methyl in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Mengqi Wan
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Guosheng Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ping Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330088, China
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121
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Yu F, Wang Z, Zhang S, Wu W, Ye H, Ding H, Gong X, Hua J. Construction of polymeric carbon nitride and dibenzothiophene dioxide-based intramolecular donor-acceptor conjugated copolymers for photocatalytic H 2 evolution. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:1699-1707. [PMID: 36132554 PMCID: PMC9417475 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has succeeded as a striking visible-light photocatalyst for solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion, owing to its economical attribute and high stability. However, due to the lack of sufficient solar-light absorption and rapid photo-generated carrier recombination, the photocatalytic activity of raw g-C3N4 is still unsatisfactory. Herein, new intramolecular g-C3N4-based donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated copolymers have been readily synthesized by a nucleophilic substitution/condensation reaction between urea and 3,7-dihydroxydibenzo[b,d]thiophene 5,5-dioxide (SO), which is strategically used to improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. The experimental results demonstrate that CNSO-X not only improves light utilization, but also accelerates the spatial separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs and increases the wettability with the introduction of SO. In addition, the adsorption energy barrier of CNSO-X to H* has a significant reduction via theoretical calculation. As expected, the CNSO-20 realizes the best photocatalytic H2 evolution activity of 251 μmol h-1 (50 mg photocatalyst, almost 8.5 times higher than that of pure CN) with an apparent quantum yield of 10.16% at 420 nm, which surpasses most strategies for the organic molecular copolymerization of carbon nitride. Therefore, this strategy opens up a novel avenue to develop highly efficient g-C3N4 based photocatalysts for hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengtao Yu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Biology and Material Science, East China University of Technology 330013 Nanchang P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Shicong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Haonan Ye
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Haoran Ding
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Gong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Jianli Hua
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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122
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Li J, Karjule N, Qin J, Wang Y, Barrio J, Shalom M. Low-Temperature Synthesis of Solution Processable Carbon Nitride Polymers. Molecules 2021; 26:1646. [PMID: 33809488 PMCID: PMC8000294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nitride materials require high temperatures (>500 °C) for their preparation, which entails substantial energy consumption. Furthermore, the high reaction temperature limits the materials' processability and the control over their elemental composition. Therefore, alternative synthetic pathways that operate under milder conditions are still very much sought after. In this work, we prepared semiconductive carbon nitride (CN) polymers at low temperatures (300 °C) by carrying out the thermal condensation of triaminopyrimidine and acetoguanamine under a N2 atmosphere. These molecules are isomers: they display the same chemical formula but a different spatial distribution of their elements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments and electrochemical and photophysical characterization confirm that the initial spatial organization strongly determines the chemical composition and electronic structure of the materials, which, thanks to the preservation of functional groups in their surface, display excellent processability in liquid media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (J.L.); (N.K.); (J.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Neeta Karjule
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (J.L.); (N.K.); (J.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jiani Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (J.L.); (N.K.); (J.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (J.L.); (N.K.); (J.Q.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jesús Barrio
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (J.L.); (N.K.); (J.Q.); (Y.W.)
- Department of Materials, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College London, London SW72AZ, UK
| | - Menny Shalom
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (J.L.); (N.K.); (J.Q.); (Y.W.)
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123
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Lin H, Tang X, Wang J, Zeng Q, Chen H, Ren W, Sun J, Zhang H. Enhanced visible-light photocatalysis of clofibric acid using graphitic carbon nitride modified by cerium oxide nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124204. [PMID: 33131938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the emerging pharmaceutical micropollutants have become an environmental concern. Herein, we report an efficient elimination of clofibric acid (CA) using visible light-driven g-C3N4/CeO2 prepared by hydrothermal method. Among the catalysts with different compound ratios, g-C3N4/CeO2-3 (1.2 g g-C3N4 with 3 mmol Ce(NO3)3∙6H2O) exhibited the best photocatalytic performance. The effect of catalyst dosage was investigated and the optimal value was determined as 0.5 g L-1. The effect of initial pH (pH0) showed CA elimination decreased with increasing pH0. The underlying mechanism for CA oxidation was proposed based on synthetical analysis of photoluminescence emission spectra, transient photocurrent responses, electron paramagnetic resonance, chemical quenching experiments and band edge potential of g-C3N4 and CeO2. Photogenerated hole was primarily responsible for CA elimination while singlet oxygen played an auxiliary role. The products of CA oxidation were detected using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method and a possible pathway was put forward. Various organics were used as target contaminants to assess photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4/CeO2 heterojunction under acidic and alkaline pH conditions. The analysis of relationship between the oxidation peak potential (EOP) and the reaction rate constant indicated that photocatalysis using as prepared g-C3N4/CeO2-3 heterojunction is apt to oxidize contaminants with electron withdrawing group under acid condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qingyuan Zeng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hanxiao Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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124
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She S, Wang Y, Chen R, Yi F, Sun C, Hu J, Li Z, Lu G, Zhu M. Ultrathin S-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for enhanced sulpiride degradation via visible-light-assisted peroxydisulfate activation: Performance and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128929. [PMID: 33199111 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The wide use and distribution of sulpiride (SP) has caused potential threats to the water environment and human health. In this study, ultrathin S-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (US-CN) was successfully synthesized and characterized, and its SP removal efficiency was evaluated under various conditions via the visible-light-assisted peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation method. The degradation pathways and mechanism were also discussed through quenching experiments, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and intermediate products detection. After sulfur doping and ultrasonic treatment, graphitic carbon nitride (CN) possessed an ultra-thin and porous structure, which facilitated the electronic distribution and more photocurrent, thus resulting in the excellent stability and removal efficiency for SP via PDS activation upon visible light irradiation. The singlet oxygen (1O2) generated by the US-CN/PDS/VL system played a significant role in SP degradation. Based on the bonds of electron-rich atoms fracturing and the SO2 extrusion, the SP degradation pathway was proposed. This work provides a useful information for the SP photocatalytic degradation via PDS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua She
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Key Lab of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Xiongchu Avenue, Wuhan 430073, PR China; Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Futao Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chuanzhi Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Materials and Clean Energy, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Jiayue Hu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Mingshan Zhu
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
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125
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Controllable Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species on Cyano-Group-Modified Carbon Nitride for Selective Epoxidation of Styrene. Innovation (N Y) 2021; 2:100089. [PMID: 34557743 PMCID: PMC8454578 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The controlled generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to selectively epoxidize styrene is a grand challenge. Herein, cyano-group-modified carbon nitrides (CNCY x and CN-T y ) are prepared, and the catalysts show better performance in regulating ROS and producing styrene oxide than the cyano-free sample. The in situ diffuse reflectance infrared and density functional theory calculation results reveal that the cyano group acts as the adsorption and activation site of oxygen. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and NMR spectrum results confirm that the cyano group bonds with the intact heptazine ring. This unique structure could inhibit H2O2 and ⋅OH formation, resulting in high selectivity of styrene oxide. Furthermore, high catalytic activity is still achieved when the system scales up to 2.7 L with 100 g styrene under solar light irradiation. The strategy of cyano group modification gives a new insight into regulating spatial configuration for tuning the utilization of oxygen-active species and shows potential applications in industry.
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126
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Melissen STAG, Le Bahers T, Sautet P, Steinmann SN. What does graphitic carbon nitride really look like? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2853-2859. [PMID: 33470995 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitrides (g-CNs) have become popular light absorbers in photocatalytic water splitting cells. Early theoretical work on these structures focused on fully polymerized g-C3N4. Experimentally, it is known that the typically employed melamine polycondensation does not go toward completion, yielding structures with ∼15 at% hydrogen. Here, we study the conformational stability of "melon", with the [C6N9H3]n structural formula using DFT. Referencing to a 2D melon sheet, B3LYP-dDsC and PBE-MBD computations revealed the same qualitative trend in stability of the 3D structures, with several of them within 5 kJ mol-1 per tecton. Fina's orthorhombic melon is the most stable of the studied conformers, with Lotsch' monoclinic melon taking an intermediate value. Invoking a simple Wannier-Mott-type approach, Fina's and Lotsch' structures exhibited the lowest optical gaps (2.8 eV), within the error margin of the experimental value (2.7 eV). All conformers yielded gaps below that of the monolayer's (3.2 eV), suggesting Jelley-type ("J") aggregation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigismund T A G Melissen
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Tangui Le Bahers
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69007 Lyon Cedex, France.
| | - Philippe Sautet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stephan N Steinmann
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69007 Lyon Cedex, France.
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127
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Jing L, Wang D, He M, Xu Y, Xie M, Song Y, Xu H, Li H. An efficient broad spectrum-driven carbon and oxygen co-doped g-C 3N 4 for the photodegradation of endocrine disrupting: Mechanism, degradation pathway, DFT calculation and toluene selective oxidation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123309. [PMID: 32652416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new type of carbon and oxygen co-doped g-C3N4 (PACN) was successfully synthesized by a one-step thermal polymerization method for the photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA) and selective oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde. The degradation rate of BPA was 23.58 times higher than that of pristine g-C3N4 and the efficiency benzaldehyde formation rate without the need of any solvent increased to 5.43 times that of g-C3N4. At the same time, the band structure calculation of its simulated structure is performed by DFT, which shows that the introduction of oxygen linking band can adjust its band structure and obtain a smaller band gap. In addition, the PACN displays an enhanced photocatalytic degradation of BPA under the long wavelength (λ ≥ 550 nm) and NIR light irradiation (λ ≥ 760 nm), which indicates that the synthesized materials have a broad spectrum of photocatalytic activity. According to the results of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), C atoms and O atoms were introduced into the original g-C3N4 skeleton. In addition, the intermediate products were detected by mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and the BPA degradation pathway was proposed. A feasible photocatalytic reaction mechanism was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liquan Jing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Duidui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Minqiang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Yuanguo Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Meng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yanhua Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Hui Xu
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Huaming Li
- Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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128
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Posha B, Asha N, Sandhyarani N. Carbon nitride quantum dots tethered on CNTs for the electrochemical detection of dopamine and uric acid. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00555c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 0D–1D CNQDs/f-CNT architecture composed of 0D CNQDs tethered on a 1D functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (f-CNT) network was used for dopamine sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyas Posha
- Nanoscience Research laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Institute of Technology Calicut
- India
| | | | - N. Sandhyarani
- Nanoscience Research laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Institute of Technology Calicut
- India
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129
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Rattan Paul D, Nehra SP. Graphitic carbon nitride: a sustainable photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation and antibacterial applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:3888-3896. [PMID: 32519096 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) has been found to be of great interest in various sustainable applications. In this study, a simple preparation method using urea was utilized to synthesize GCN. In order to understand various morphological, structural, and optical aspects of the as-prepared sample, GCN was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauere-Emmette-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and diffused reflectance spectra (DRS) analysis. The visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity of prepared GCN was analyzed for various cationic dyes (Crystal violet, rose bengal, rhodamine B, auramine O, methylene blue) and anionic dyes (phenol red, xylenol orange, cresol red, methyl orange). The calculated efficiencies of degradation and values of apparent rate constant for all dye samples suggested that cationic dyes are more actively degraded using GCN than anionic dyes. In addition, GCN was further analyzed for its splendid antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli). The synthesized photocatalyst holds a bright scope for the efficient remediation of organic pollutants and bacterial disinfection in wastewater. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devina Rattan Paul
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India.
| | - Satya Pal Nehra
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India.
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130
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Highly selective and rapid non-enzymatic glucose sensing at ultrathin layered Nb doped C3N4 for extended linearity range. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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131
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Phang SJ, Goh JM, Tan LL, Lee WPC, Ong WJ, Chai SP. Metal-free n/n-junctioned graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4): a study to elucidate its charge transfer mechanism and application for environmental remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:4388-4403. [PMID: 32940840 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has been regarded as a promising visible light-driven photocatalyst ascribable to its tailorable structures, thermal stability and chemical inertness. Enhanced photocatalytic activity is achievable by the construction of homojunction nanocomposites to reduce the undesired recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. In the present work, a novel g-C3N4/g-C3N4 metal-free homojunction photocatalyst was synthesized via hydrothermal polymerization. The g-C3N4/g-C3N4 derived from urea and thiourea demonstrated admirable photocatalytic activity towards rhodamine B (RhB) degradation upon irradiation of an 18 W LED light. The viability of the photoreaction with a low-powered excitation source highlighted the economic and environmental benefits of the process. The optimal g-C3N4/g-C3N4 homojunction photocatalyst exhibited a 2- and 1.8-fold increase in efficiency in relative to pristine g-C3N4 derived from urea and thiourea respectively. The enhanced photocatalytic performance is credited to the improved interfacial transfer and separation of electron-hole pairs across the homojunction interface. Furthermore, an excellent photochemical stability and durability is displayed by g-C3N4/g-C3N4 after three consecutive cycles. In addition, a plausible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed based on various scavenging tests. Overall, experimental results generated from this study is expected to intrigue novel research inspirations in developing metal-free homojunction photocatalysts to be feasible for large-scale wastewater treatment without compromising economically. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Jiun Phang
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Jalan Venna P5/2, Precinct 5, 62200, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Jin Mei Goh
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Jalan Venna P5/2, Precinct 5, 62200, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Lling-Lling Tan
- Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wuen Pei Cathie Lee
- Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Entropic Interface Group, Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Wee-Jun Ong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900, Sunsuria City, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siang-Piao Chai
- Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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132
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Bai X, Wang X, Lu X, Jia T, Sun B, Wang C, Hou S, Zong R. A fluorine induced enhancement of the surface polarization and crystallization of g-C 3N 4 for an efficient charge separation. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00668a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A synergy of high crystallinity and surface polarization constructed by F doping dramatically promotes charge separation efficiency, significantly enhancing photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100044
- China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control
| | - Xuyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Xiongwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Tianqi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Boxuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Shanshan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Ruilong Zong
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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133
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Sulfuric Acid Treated g-CN as a Precursor to Generate High-Efficient g-CN for Hydrogen Evolution from Water under Visible Light Irradiation. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifying the physical, chemical structures of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) to improve its optoelectronic properties is the most efficient way to meet a high photoactivity for clean and sustainable energy production. Herein, a higher monomeric precursor for synthesizing improved micro-and electronic structure possessing g-CN was prepared by high-concentrated sulfuric acid (SA) treatment of bulk type g-CN (BCN). Several structural analyses show that after the SA treatment of BCN, the polymeric melon-based structure is torn down to cyameluric or cyanuric acid-based material. After re-polycondensation of this material as a precursor, the resulting g-CN has more condensed microstructure, carbon and oxygen contents than BCN, indicating that C, O co-doping by corrosive acid of SA. This g-CN shows a much better visible light absorption and diminished radiative charge recombination by the charge localization effect induced by heteroatoms. As a result, this condensed C, O co-doped g-CN shows the enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 4.57 µmol/h from water under the visible light (>420 nm) by almost two times higher than that of BCN (2.37 µmol/h). This study highlights the enhanced photocatalytic water splitting performance as well as the provision of the higher monomeric precursor for improved g-CN.
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134
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Singh PK, Bhardiya SR, Asati A, Rai VK, Singh M, Rai A. Cu/Cu
2
O@g‐C
3
N
4
: Recyclable Photocatalyst under Visible Light to Access 2‐Aryl‐/benzimidazoles/benzothiazoles in Water. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet K. Singh
- School of Physical Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110 067. India
| | - Smita R. Bhardiya
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur 495 009, C.G. India
| | - Ambika Asati
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur 495 009, C.G. India
| | - Vijai K. Rai
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur 495 009, C.G. India
| | - Manorama Singh
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur 495 009, C.G. India
| | - Ankita Rai
- School of Physical Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110 067. India
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135
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Li H, Huang G, Xu H, Yang Z, Xu X, Li J, Qu A, Chen Y. Enhancing photodegradation activity of g-C3N4 via decorating with S-doped carbon nitride quantum dots by in situ polymerization. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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136
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Meng P, Xu J. Colorful Silver/Carbon Nitride Composites Obtained by Photoreduction. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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137
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Chen P, Lei B, Dong X, Wang H, Sheng J, Cui W, Li J, Sun Y, Wang Z, Dong F. Rare-Earth Single-Atom La-N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15841-15852. [PMID: 33142059 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 conversion into valuable solar fuels is highly appealing, but lack of directional charge-transfer channel and insufficient active sites resulted in limited CO2 reduction efficiency and selectivity for most photocatalytic systems. Herein, we designed and fabricated rare-earth La single-atoms on carbon nitride with La-N charge-transfer bridge as the active center for photocatalytic CO2 reaction. The formation of La single-atoms was certified by spherical aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM, STEM-EELS, EXAFS, and theoretical calculations. The electronic structure of the La-N bridge enables a high CO-yielding rate of 92 μmol·g-1·h-1 and CO selectivity of 80.3%, which is superior to most g-C3N4-based photocatalytic CO2 reductions. The CO production rate remained nearly constant under light irradiation for five cycles of 20 h, indicating its stability. The closely combined experimental and DFT calculations clearly elucidated that the variety of electronic states induced by 4f and 5d orbitals of the La single atom and the p-d orbital hybridization of La-N atoms enabled the formation of charge-transfer channel. The La-N charge bridges are found to function as the key active center for CO2 activation, rapid COOH* formation, and CO desorption. The present work would provide a mechanistic understanding into the utilization of rare-earth single-atoms in photocatalysis for solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- The Center of New Energy Materials and Technology, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Ben Lei
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xing'an Dong
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jianping Sheng
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Wen Cui
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- The Center of New Energy Materials and Technology, School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Jieyuan Li
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yanjuan Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Fan Dong
- Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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138
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Mazzanti S, Savateev A. Emerging Concepts in Carbon Nitride Organic Photocatalysis. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2499-2517. [PMID: 33215877 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitrides encompass a class of transition-metal-free materials possessing numerous advantages such as low cost (few Euros per gram), high chemical stability, broad tunability of redox potentials and optical bandgap, recyclability, and a high absorption coefficient (>105 cm-1 ), which make them highly attractive for application in photoredox catalysis. In this Review, we classify carbon nitrides based on their unique properties, structure, and redox potentials. We summarize recently emerging concepts in heterogeneous carbon nitride photocatalysis, with an emphasis on the synthesis of organic compounds: 1) Illumination-Driven Electron Accumulation in Semiconductors and Exploitation (IDEASE); 2) singlet-triplet intersystem crossing in carbon nitride excited states and related energy transfer; 3) architectures of flow photoreactors; and 4) dual metal/carbon nitride photocatalysis. The objective of this Review is to provide a detailed overview regarding innovative research in carbon nitride photocatalysis focusing on these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mazzanti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Savateev
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Research Campus Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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139
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Wang F, Lei W, Pan X, Ye Z. Facile synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride via copolymerization of melamine and TCNQ for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:475406. [PMID: 32570221 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab9ed7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has been regarded as an intriguing photocatalyst applying to hydrogen generation but suffering rapid recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs and insufficient absorption under visible light. We developed a novel one-pot thermal copolymerization method of melamine as a precursor and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) as a comonomer to synthesize modified g-C3N4 (abbreviated as X% TCNQ) for the first time, aiming to directly incorporate TCNQ molecular into carbon nitride skeleton for the substitution of low-electronegative carbon for high-electronegative nitride atom. Results revealed that the as-prepared photocatalysts by copolymerization of melamine with TCNQ retained the original framework of g-C3N4, and dramatically altered the electronic and optical properties of carbon nitride. Various measurements confirmed that as-synthesized samples exhibited larger specific surface areas, faster photogenerated charge transfer and broader optical absorption by decreasing the π-deficiency and extending the π-conjugated system, thus facilitating the photocatalytic activity. Specifically, the 0.3% TCNQ exhibited as high as seven times than the pristine g-C3N4 on photocatalytic H2 generation and kept its photoactivity for five circles. This work highlights a feasible approach of chemical protocols for the molecular design to synthesize functional carbon nitride photocatalysts by copolymerizing appropriate g-C3N4 precursor and comonomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Weisheng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhen Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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140
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Acidification and bubble template derived porous g-C3N4 for efficient photodegradation and hydrogen evolution. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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141
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Abbasi_Asl H, Moradi Z, Ghaedi M, Sabzehmeidani MM. Degradation of Orange G and Trypan blue using Ag2C2O4/Ag/g-C3N4 composites as efficient photocatalyst under solar irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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142
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Zeng Q, Wang X, Jin M, Akinoglu EM, Zhou G, Shui L. Nitrogen defects-rich porous graphitic carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:788-795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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143
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Facile fabrication of electrospun black titania nanofibers decorated with graphitic carbon nitride for the application of photocatalytic CO2 reduction. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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144
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Huang Z, Zhao S, Yu Y. Experimental method to explore the adaptation degree of type-II and all-solid-state Z-scheme heterojunction structures in the same degradation system. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(19)63495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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145
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Xiao J, Liu X, Pan L, Shi C, Zhang X, Zou JJ. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Organic Transformation Reactions Using Conjugated Polymers-Based Materials. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianlong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chengxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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146
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Alwin E, Nowicki W, Wojcieszak R, Zieliński M, Pietrowski M. Elucidating the structure of the graphitic carbon nitride nanomaterials via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction techniques. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:12805-12813. [PMID: 32959849 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02325f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
By using the most popular method of thermal condensation of dicyandiamide in a semi-closed system, graphitic carbon nitrides (gCNs) were synthesized at 500, 550, and 600 °C. The resulting materials were comprehensively analyzed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD)techniques. We show that the use of routine analytical methods provides an insight into the structure of the carbon nitride materials. The analysis of geometric linear structures and fully condensed structure of polymeric carbon nitrides was performed and the ranges within which the contents of different nitrogen species (pyridine, amine, imine and quaternary nitrogen) can change were determined. This analysis, in combination with quantitative XPS studies, permits to state that the carbon nitride structure prepared by the thermal condensation of dicyandiamide is closer to the structure in which poly(aminoimino)heptazine subunits are linked into chains rather than the structure involving fully-condensed polyheptazine network. The XRD analysis proved that the 3D crystal structure of carbon nitride is described more correctly by the orthorhombic cell and space group P21212 applied to condensed chains of poly(aminoimino)heptazine (melon) and not by the hexagonal cell with the space group P6m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Alwin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland. and Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Waldemar Nowicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Robert Wojcieszak
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Michał Zieliński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Pietrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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147
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Synthesis of Tri-S-Triazine Based g-C3N4 Photocatalyst for Cationic Rhodamine B Degradation under Visible Light. Top Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-020-01375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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148
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Qin J, Barrio J, Peng G, Tzadikov J, Abisdris L, Volokh M, Shalom M. Direct growth of uniform carbon nitride layers with extended optical absorption towards efficient water-splitting photoanodes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4701. [PMID: 32943629 PMCID: PMC7499157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A general synthesis of carbon nitride (CN) films with extended optical absorption, excellent charge separation under illumination, and outstanding performance as a photoanode in water-splitting photoelectrochemical cells is reported. To this end, we introduced a universal method to rapidly grow CN monomers directly from a hot saturated solution on various substrates. Upon calcination, a highly uniform carbon nitride layer with tuned structural and photophysical properties and in intimate contact with the substrate is obtained. Detailed photoelectrochemical and structural studies reveal good photoresponse up to 600 nm, excellent hole extraction efficiency (up to 62%) and strong adhesion of the CN layer to the substrate. The best CN photoanode demonstrates a benchmark-setting photocurrent density of 353 µA cm−2 (51% faradaic efficiency for oxygen), and external quantum yield value above 12% at 450 nm at 1.23 V versus RHE in an alkaline solution, as well as low onset potential and good stability. Photoelectrochemical cells (PEC) can convert sunlight and water directly to a hydrogen fuel. Here a robust metal-free carbon nitride-based layer is used as an efficient photoanode for water-splitting PEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Jesús Barrio
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Guiming Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Jonathan Tzadikov
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Liel Abisdris
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Michael Volokh
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Menny Shalom
- Department of Chemistry and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel.
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149
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Rai VK, Verma F, Bhardiya SR, Sheshma H, Rai A, Singh M. Facile Synthesis of γ‐Ketonitriles in Water via C(sp
2
)–H Activation of Aromatic Aldehydes over Cu@g‐C
3
N
4
under Visible‐Light. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijai K. Rai
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya 495 009 Bilaspur C. G. India
| | - Fooleswar Verma
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya 495 009 Bilaspur C. G. India
| | - Smita R. Bhardiya
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya 495 009 Bilaspur C. G. India
| | - Harendra Sheshma
- School of Physical Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University 110 067 New Delhi India
| | - Ankita Rai
- School of Physical Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University 110 067 New Delhi India
| | - Manorama Singh
- Department of Chemistry Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya 495 009 Bilaspur C. G. India
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150
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Imran H, Vaishali K, Antony Francy S, Manikandan PN, Dharuman V. Platinum and zinc oxide modified carbon nitride electrode as non-enzymatic highly selective and reusable electrochemical diabetic sensor in human blood. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 137:107645. [PMID: 32916428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Development of non-enzymatic glucose sensor is essential to reduce the cost of diabetes regular monitoring. Here, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is modified with platinum and zinc oxide for non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing in physiological conditions for the first time in the literature. The interactions between Pt, g-C3N4 and the ZnO are studied using different physicochemical characterization techniques. The Electrochemical glucose sensing at the ZnO-Pt-gC3N4 occurs at low applied potential of +0.20 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) with high sensitivity 3.34 μA/mM/cm2 and fast response (5 s) time. This sensor exhibited a wide linear range 0.25-110 mM with lower limit of detection of 0.1 µM. The architectured sensor was evaluated in human blood, serum and urine samples. The sensor is 4 time reusable in whole blood without activity deterioration. This reusable surface helps to reduce the cost of strip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibulla Imran
- Molecular Electronics Laboratory, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; Fedesens Centre for Innovation and Instrumentation, Chennai 600024, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Vaishali
- Molecular Electronics Laboratory, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Sindhuraj Antony Francy
- Molecular Electronics Laboratory, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Palinci Nagarajan Manikandan
- Molecular Electronics Laboratory, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; Fedesens Centre for Innovation and Instrumentation, Chennai 600024, India
| | - Venkataraman Dharuman
- Molecular Electronics Laboratory, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India.
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