101
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Aerbajinai W, Liu L, Zhu J, Kumkhaek C, Chin K, Rodgers GP. Glia Maturation Factor-γ Regulates Monocyte Migration through Modulation of β1-Integrin. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:8549-64. [PMID: 26895964 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.674200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocyte migration requires the dynamic redistribution of integrins through a regulated endo-exocytosis cycle, but the complex molecular mechanisms underlying this process have not been fully elucidated. Glia maturation factor-γ (GMFG), a novel regulator of the Arp2/3 complex, has been shown to regulate directional migration of neutrophils and T-lymphocytes. In this study, we explored the important role of GMFG in monocyte chemotaxis, adhesion, and β1-integrin turnover. We found that knockdown of GMFG in monocytes resulted in impaired chemotactic migration toward formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) and stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) as well as decreased α5β1-integrin-mediated chemoattractant-stimulated adhesion. These GMFG knockdown impaired effects could be reversed by cotransfection of GFP-tagged full-length GMFG. GMFG knockdown cells reduced the cell surface and total protein levels of α5β1-integrin and increased its degradation. Importantly, we demonstrate that GMFG mediates the ubiquitination of β1-integrin through knockdown or overexpression of GMFG. Moreover, GMFG knockdown retarded the efficient recycling of β1-integrin back to the plasma membrane following normal endocytosis of α5β1-integrin, suggesting that the involvement of GMFG in maintaining α5β1-integrin stability may occur in part by preventing ubiquitin-mediated degradation and promoting β1-integrin recycling. Furthermore, we observed that GMFG interacted with syntaxin 4 (STX4) and syntaxin-binding protein 4 (STXBP4); however, only knockdown of STXBP4, but not STX4, reduced monocyte migration and decreased β1-integrin cell surface expression. Knockdown of STXBP4 also substantially inhibited β1-integrin recycling in human monocytes. These results indicate that the effects of GMFG on monocyte migration and adhesion probably occur through preventing ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation of α5β1-integrin and facilitating effective β1-integrin recycling back to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulin Aerbajinai
- From the Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 and
| | - Lunhua Liu
- the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jianqiong Zhu
- From the Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 and
| | - Chutima Kumkhaek
- From the Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 and
| | - Kyung Chin
- From the Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 and
| | - Griffin P Rodgers
- From the Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 and
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102
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Larkin H, Costantino S, Seaman MNJ, Lavoie C. Calnuc Function in Endosomal Sorting of Lysosomal Receptors. Traffic 2016; 17:416-32. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Larkin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - Santiago Costantino
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Université de Montréal; Montréal H1T 2M Canada
| | - Matthew N. J. Seaman
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrookes Hospital; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 0XY UK
| | - Christine Lavoie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke QC Canada
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103
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Yin P, Hong Z, Yang X, Chung RT, Zhang L. A role for retromer in hepatitis C virus replication. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:869-81. [PMID: 26298293 PMCID: PMC11108358 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has infected over 170 million people worldwide. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) is the organelle-specific phosphoinositide enriched at sites of HCV replication. Whether retromer, a PI4P-related host transport machinery, unloads its cargo at HCV replication sites remains inconclusive. We sought to characterize the role of retromer in HCV replication. Here, we demonstrated the interaction between retromer subunit Vps35 and HCV NS5A protein by immunoprecipitation and GST pulldown. Vps35 colocalized with NS5A and PI4P in both OR6 replicon and JFH1 infected Huh 7.5.1 cells. HCV replication was inhibited upon silencing retromer subunits. CIMPR, a typical retromer cargo, participated in HCV replication. Our data suggest that retromer component Vps35 is recruited by NS5A to viral replication sites where PI4P unloads CIMPR. These findings demonstrate a dependence role of retromer in HCV replication and identify retromer as a potential therapeutic target against HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqi Yin
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhi Hong
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Raymond T Chung
- Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Liver Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100176, China.
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104
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Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved endosomal retromer complex rescues transmembrane proteins from the lysosomal degradative pathway and facilitates their recycling to other cellular compartments. Retromer functions in conjunction with numerous associated proteins, including select members of the sorting nexin (SNX) family. In the present article, we review the molecular architecture and cellular roles of retromer and its various functional partners. The endosomal network is a crucial hub in the trafficking of proteins through the cellular endomembrane system. Transmembrane proteins, here termed cargos, enter endosomes by endocytosis from the plasma membrane or by trafficking from the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Endosomal cargo proteins face one of the two fates: retention in the endosome, leading ultimately to lysosomal degradation or export from the endosome for reuse ('recycling'). The balance of protein degradation and recycling is crucial to cellular homoeostasis; inappropriate sorting of proteins to either fate leads to cellular dysfunction. Retromer is an endosome-membrane-associated protein complex central to the recycling of many cargo proteins from endosomes, both to the TGN and the plasma membrane (and other specialized compartments, e.g. lysosome-related organelles). Retromer function is reliant on a number of proteins from the SNX family. In the present article, we discuss this inter-relationship and how defects in retromer function are increasingly being linked with human disease.
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105
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Abstract
Retrograde transport from the endosome to the Golgi is mediated by a 5 protein complex known as the retromer. These five proteins (Vps5, Vps17, Vps26, Vps29, and Vps35 in yeast and SNX1/2, SNX5/6, Vps26, Vps29, and Vps35 in mammalian cells) act as a coat for vesicles budding off of the endosome, as well as perform cargo sorting at the endosome. The retromer is well conserved between yeast and mammalian systems, though variations exist within the mammalian retromer. Functionally, the retromer has been linked to prominent neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's in human models as well as diabetes mellitus. However, the retromer also plays a role in the virulence of several microbial pathogens. Despite the current understanding of the retromer complex, there are still many questions to be answered in regards to its overall role in cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Trousdale
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S National, Springfield, MO 65807, United States
| | - Kyoungtae Kim
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S National, Springfield, MO 65807, United States.
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106
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Abstract
Cell surface receptors that have been internalized and enter the endocytic pathway have multiple fates including entrance into the multivesicular body pathway on their way to lysosomal degradation, recycling back to the cell surface, or retrograde trafficking out of the endolysosomal system back to the Golgi apparatus. Two ubiquitously expressed protein complexes, WASH and the endosomal coat complex retromer, function together to play a central role in directing the fate of receptors into the latter two pathways. In this chapter, we describe fluorescent- and flow cytometry-based methods for analyzing the recycling and retrograde trafficking of two receptors, α5β1 and CI-M6PR, whose intracellular fates are regulated by WASH and retromer activity. The guidelines presented in this chapter can be applied to the analysis of any cell surface or intracellular membrane protein to determine the impact of WASH or retromer deregulation on its intracellular trafficking route.
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107
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Mukadam AS, Seaman MNJ. Retromer-mediated endosomal protein sorting: The role of unstructured domains. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2620-6. [PMID: 26072290 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The retromer complex is a key element of the endosomal protein sorting machinery that is conserved through evolution and has been shown to play a role in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Through sorting various membrane proteins (cargo), the function of retromer complex has been linked to physiological processes such as lysosome biogenesis, autophagy, down regulation of signalling receptors and cell spreading. The cargo-selective trimer of retromer recognises membrane proteins and sorts them into two distinct pathways; endosome-to-Golgi retrieval and endosome-to-cell surface recycling and additionally the cargo-selective trimer functions as a hub to recruit accessory proteins to endosomes where they may regulate and/or facilitate retromer-mediated endosomal proteins sorting. Unstructured domains present in cargo proteins or accessory factors play key roles in both these aspects of retromer function and will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir S Mukadam
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Dept. of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew N J Seaman
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Dept. of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom.
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108
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Chi RJ, Harrison MS, Burd CG. Biogenesis of endosome-derived transport carriers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3441-3455. [PMID: 26022064 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Sorting of macromolecules within the endosomal system is vital for physiological control of nutrient homeostasis, cell motility, and proteostasis. Trafficking routes that export macromolecules from the endosome via vesicle and tubule transport carriers constitute plasma membrane recycling and retrograde endosome-to-Golgi pathways. Proteins of the sorting nexin family have been discovered to function at nearly every step of endosomal transport carrier biogenesis and it is becoming increasingly clear that they form the core machineries of cargo-specific transport pathways that are closely integrated with cellular physiology. Here, we summarize recent progress in elucidating the pathways that mediate the biogenesis of endosome-derived transport carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Chi
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, SHM C425B, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Megan S Harrison
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, SHM C425B, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Christopher G Burd
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, SHM C425B, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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109
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Direct binding of retromer to human papillomavirus type 16 minor capsid protein L2 mediates endosome exit during viral infection. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004699. [PMID: 25693203 PMCID: PMC4334968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trafficking of human papillomaviruses to the Golgi apparatus during virus entry requires retromer, an endosomal coat protein complex that mediates the vesicular transport of cellular transmembrane proteins from the endosome to the Golgi apparatus or the plasma membrane. Here we show that the HPV16 L2 minor capsid protein is a retromer cargo, even though L2 is not a transmembrane protein. We show that direct binding of retromer to a conserved sequence in the carboxy-terminus of L2 is required for exit of L2 from the early endosome and delivery to the trans-Golgi network during virus entry. This binding site is different from known retromer binding motifs and can be replaced by a sorting signal from a cellular retromer cargo. Thus, HPV16 is an unconventional particulate retromer cargo, and retromer binding initiates retrograde transport of viral components from the endosome to the trans-Golgi network during virus entry. We propose that the carboxy-terminal segment of L2 protein protrudes through the endosomal membrane and is accessed by retromer in the cytoplasm.
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110
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Retromer in Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease and other neurological disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015; 16:126-32. [PMID: 25669742 DOI: 10.1038/nrn3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Retromer is a protein assembly that has a central role in endosomal trafficking, and retromer dysfunction has been linked to a growing number of neurological disorders. First linked to Alzheimer disease, retromer dysfunction causes a range of pathophysiological consequences that have been shown to contribute to the core pathological features of the disease. Genetic studies have established that retromer dysfunction is also pathogenically linked to Parkinson disease, although the biological mechanisms that mediate this link are only now being elucidated. Most recently, studies have shown that retromer is a tractable target in drug discovery for these and other disorders of the nervous system.
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111
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Arlt H, Auffarth K, Kurre R, Lisse D, Piehler J, Ungermann C. Spatiotemporal dynamics of membrane remodeling and fusion proteins during endocytic transport. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:1357-70. [PMID: 25657322 PMCID: PMC4454181 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-08-1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal sorting requires consecutive steps of membrane remodeling and fusion in the course of endosomal maturation. Tracing of cargo relative to machinery reveals similar temporal localization of ESCRT and endosomal fusion machinery, which precedes the retromer complex. However, blocking fusion with the vacuole does not impair maturation. Organelles of the endolysosomal system undergo multiple fission and fusion events to combine sorting of selected proteins to the vacuole with endosomal recycling. This sorting requires a consecutive remodeling of the organelle surface in the course of endosomal maturation. Here we dissect the remodeling and fusion machinery on endosomes during the process of endocytosis. We traced selected GFP-tagged endosomal proteins relative to exogenously added fluorescently labeled α-factor on its way from the plasma membrane to the vacuole. Our data reveal that the machinery of endosomal fusion and ESCRT proteins has similar temporal localization on endosomes, whereas they precede the retromer cargo recognition complex. Neither deletion of retromer nor the fusion machinery with the vacuole affects this maturation process, although the kinetics seems to be delayed due to ESCRT deletion. Of importance, in strains lacking the active Rab7-like Ypt7 or the vacuolar SNARE fusion machinery, α-factor still proceeds to late endosomes with the same kinetics. This indicates that endosomal maturation is mainly controlled by the early endosomal fusion and remodeling machinery but not the downstream Rab Ypt7 or the SNARE machinery. Our data thus provide important further understanding of endosomal biogenesis in the context of cargo sorting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Arlt
- Biochemistry Section, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Kathrin Auffarth
- Biochemistry Section, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Rainer Kurre
- Center of Advanced Light Microscopy, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Dominik Lisse
- Biophysics Section, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Biophysics Section, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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112
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Bean BDM, Davey M, Snider J, Jessulat M, Deineko V, Tinney M, Stagljar I, Babu M, Conibear E. Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors bind retromer and promote its recruitment to endosomes. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:1119-28. [PMID: 25609093 PMCID: PMC4357511 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-08-1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The retromer complex regulates vesicle transport at endosomes. Different members of the VPS9 domain–containing Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors interact with the yeast retromer complex and mediate its endosomal localization. The retromer complex facilitates the sorting of integral membrane proteins from the endosome to the late Golgi. In mammalian cells, the efficient recruitment of retromer to endosomes requires the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) as well as Rab5 and Rab7 GTPases. However, in yeast, the role of Rabs in recruiting retromer to endosomes is less clear. We identified novel physical interactions between retromer and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae VPS9-domain Rab5-family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) Muk1 and Vps9. Furthermore, we identified a new yeast VPS9 domain-containing protein, VARP-like 1 (Vrl1), which is related to the human VARP protein. All three VPS9 domain–containing proteins show localization to endosomes, and the presence of any one of them is necessary for the endosomal recruitment of retromer. We find that expression of an active VPS9-domain protein is required for correct localization of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Vps34 and the production of endosomal PI3P. These results suggest that VPS9 GEFs promote retromer recruitment by establishing PI3P-enriched domains at the endosomal membrane. The interaction of retromer with distinct VPS9 GEFs could thus link GEF-dependent regulatory inputs to the temporal or spatial coordination of retromer assembly or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn D M Bean
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Michael Davey
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Jamie Snider
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3E1, Canada Department of Biochemistry and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Matthew Jessulat
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Viktor Deineko
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Matthew Tinney
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Igor Stagljar
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S3E1, Canada Department of Biochemistry and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Mohan Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, Research and Innovation Centre, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Conibear
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
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113
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Dhungel N, Eleuteri S, Li LB, Kramer NJ, Chartron J, Spencer B, Kosberg K, Fields JA, Klodjan S, Adame A, Lashuel H, Frydman J, Shen K, Masliah E, Gitler AD. Parkinson's disease genes VPS35 and EIF4G1 interact genetically and converge on α-synuclein. Neuron 2015; 85:76-87. [PMID: 25533483 PMCID: PMC4289081 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. Functional interactions between some PD genes, like PINK1 and parkin, have been identified, but whether other ones interact remains elusive. Here we report an unexpected genetic interaction between two PD genes, VPS35 and EIF4G1. We provide evidence that EIF4G1 upregulation causes defects associated with protein misfolding. Expression of a sortilin protein rescues these defects, downstream of VPS35, suggesting a potential role for sortilins in PD. We also show interactions between VPS35, EIF4G1, and α-synuclein, a protein with a key role in PD. We extend our findings from yeast to an animal model and show that these interactions are conserved in neurons and in transgenic mice. Our studies reveal unexpected genetic and functional interactions between two seemingly unrelated PD genes and functionally connect them to α-synuclein pathobiology in yeast, worms, and mouse. Finally, we provide a resource of candidate PD genes for future interrogation. VIDEO ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Nripesh Dhungel
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Simona Eleuteri
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Ling-bo Li
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Nicholas J. Kramer
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Justin Chartron
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Brian Spencer
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Kori Kosberg
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Jerel Adam Fields
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Stafa Klodjan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Anthony Adame
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Hilal Lashuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Brain Mind Institute, Station 19, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith Frydman
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Kang Shen
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA,Correspondence should be addressed to: A.D.G. or E.M., Aaron D. Gitler, 300 Pasteur Drive, M322 Alway Building, Stanford, CA 94305, 650-725-6991 (phone), 650-725-1534 (fax), , Eliezer Masliah, MTF Bldg, UCSD, 9500, La Jolla, CA 92093,
| | - Aaron D. Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA,Correspondence should be addressed to: A.D.G. or E.M., Aaron D. Gitler, 300 Pasteur Drive, M322 Alway Building, Stanford, CA 94305, 650-725-6991 (phone), 650-725-1534 (fax), , Eliezer Masliah, MTF Bldg, UCSD, 9500, La Jolla, CA 92093,
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114
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Priya A, Kalaidzidis IV, Kalaidzidis Y, Lambright D, Datta S. Molecular Insights into Rab7-Mediated Endosomal Recruitment of Core Retromer: Deciphering the Role of Vps26 and Vps35. Traffic 2014; 16:68-84. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Priya
- Department of Biological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; ITI Gas Rahat Building Bhopal 462023 India
| | - Inna V Kalaidzidis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; 108 Pfotenhauerstrasse Dresden 01307 Germany
| | - Yannis Kalaidzidis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics; 108 Pfotenhauerstrasse Dresden 01307 Germany
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics; Moscow State University; Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - David Lambright
- Program in Molecular Medicine; University of Massachusetts Medical School; 373 Plantation Street Worcester MA 01605 USA
| | - Sunando Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; ITI Gas Rahat Building Bhopal 462023 India
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115
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The role of the retromer complex in aging-related neurodegeneration: a molecular and genomic review. Mol Genet Genomics 2014; 290:413-27. [PMID: 25332075 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-014-0939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The retromer coat complex is a vital component of the intracellular trafficking mechanism sorting cargo from the endosomes to the trans-Golgi network or to the cell surface. In recent years, genes encoding components of the retromer coat complex and members of the vacuolar protein sorting 10 (Vps10) family of receptors, which play pleiotropic functions in protein trafficking and intracellular/intercellular signaling in neuronal and non-neuronal cells and are primary cargos of the retromer complex, have been implicated as genetic risk factors for sporadic and autosomal dominant forms of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. In addition to their functions in protein trafficking, the members of the Vps10 receptor family (sortilin, SorL1, SorCS1, SorCS2, and SorCS3) modulate neurotrophic signaling pathways. Both sortilin and SorCS2 act as cell surface receptors to mediate acute responses to proneurotrophins. In addition, sortilin can modulate the intracellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by direct control of BDNF levels and regulating anterograde trafficking of Trk receptors to the synapse. This review article summarizes the emerging data from this rapidly growing field of intracellular trafficking signaling in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.
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116
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Terenzio M, Golding M, Russell MRG, Wicher KB, Rosewell I, Spencer-Dene B, Ish-Horowicz D, Schiavo G. Bicaudal-D1 regulates the intracellular sorting and signalling of neurotrophin receptors. EMBO J 2014; 33:1582-98. [PMID: 24920579 PMCID: PMC4198053 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201387579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a new function for the dynein adaptor Bicaudal D homolog 1 (BICD1) by screening a siRNA library for genes affecting the dynamics of neurotrophin receptor-containing endosomes in motor neurons (MNs). Depleting BICD1 increased the intracellular accumulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-activated TrkB and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) by disrupting the endosomal sorting, reducing lysosomal degradation and increasing the co-localisation of these neurotrophin receptors with retromer-associated sorting nexin 1. The resulting re-routing of active receptors increased their recycling to the plasma membrane and altered the repertoire of signalling-competent TrkB isoforms and p75(NTR) available for ligand binding on the neuronal surface. This resulted in attenuated, but more sustained, AKT activation in response to BDNF stimulation. These data, together with our observation that Bicd1 expression is restricted to the developing nervous system when neurotrophin receptor expression peaks, indicate that BICD1 regulates neurotrophin signalling by modulating the endosomal sorting of internalised ligand-activated receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Terenzio
- Molecular NeuroPathobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Matthew Golding
- Molecular NeuroPathobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Matthew R G Russell
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Krzysztof B Wicher
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Ian Rosewell
- Transgenic Services laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Bradley Spencer-Dene
- Experimental Histopathology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - David Ish-Horowicz
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Molecular NeuroPathobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience & Movement Disorders, UCL-Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
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117
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Freeman CL, Hesketh G, Seaman MNJ. RME-8 coordinates the activity of the WASH complex with the function of the retromer SNX dimer to control endosomal tubulation. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:2053-70. [PMID: 24643499 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.144659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Retromer is a vital element of the endosomal protein sorting machinery and comprises two subcomplexes that operate together to sort membrane proteins (cargo) and tubulate membranes. Tubules are formed by a dimer of sorting nexins, a key component of which is SNX1. Cargo selection is mediated by the VPS35-VPS29-VPS26 trimer, which additionally recruits the WASH complex through VPS35 binding to the WASH complex subunit FAM21. Loss of function of the WASH complex leads to dysregulation of endosome tubulation, although it is unclear how this occurs. Here, we show that FAM21 also binds to the SNX1-interacting DNAJ protein RME-8. Loss of RME-8 causes altered kinetics of SNX1 membrane association and a pronounced increase in highly branched endosomal tubules. Building on previous observations from other laboratories, we show that these tubules contain membrane proteins that are dependent upon WASH complex activity for their localization to the plasma membrane. Therefore, we propose that the interaction between RME-8 and the WASH complex provides a means to coordinate the activity of the WASH complex with the membrane-tubulating function of the sorting nexins at sites where retromer-mediated endosomal protein sorting occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline L Freeman
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research/Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
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118
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van Weering JRT, Cullen PJ. Membrane-associated cargo recycling by tubule-based endosomal sorting. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 31:40-7. [PMID: 24641888 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The endosome system is a collection of organelles that sort membrane-associated proteins and lipids for lysosomal degradation or recycling back to their target organelle. Recycling cargo is captured in a network of membrane tubules emanating from endosomes where tubular carriers pinch off. These tubules are formed and stabilized through the scaffolding properties of cytosolic Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) proteins that comprise phosphoinositide-detecting moieties, recruiting these proteins to specific endosomal membrane areas. These include the protein family of sorting nexins that remodel endosome membrane into tubules by an evolutionary conserved mechanism of dimerization, local membrane curvature detection/induction and oligomerization. How the formation of such a tubular membrane carrier is coordinated with cargo capture is largely unknown. The tubular structure of the membrane carriers could sequester membrane-bound cargo through an iterative mechanism of geometric sorting. Furthermore, the recent identification of cargo adaptors for the endosome protein sorting complex retromer has expanded the sorting signals that retrieve specific sets of cargo away from lysosomal degradation through distinct membrane trafficking pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan R T van Weering
- Department of Functional Genomics and Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter J Cullen
- Henry Wellcome Integrated Signalling Laboratories, School of Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Building, University Walk, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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