101
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to describe recent findings on the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). Alcohol causes a range of physical, developmental, and cognitive impairments on the developing fetus. Individuals exposed to alcohol prenatally have a wide variability in dysmorphic and neurologic features. Hence, a greater understanding of the mechanisms through which alcohol induces defects in the developing fetus is imperative in developing therapies that prevent alcohol-induced effects. RECENT FINDINGS Current research has focused on leveraging technology to developing tools that can aid in the diagnostic process, defining patterns of neurocognition and neuroimaging specific to FASD, developing neurobehavioral and pharmacologic interventions, and expanding access to care. SUMMARY FASDs are a common cause of neurodevelopmental impairment in school-age children, and their recognition is essential to provide early interventions in order to optimize the outcome for these individuals when they reach adulthood. Although previously thought to be the result of irreversible neurologic injury from prenatal alcohol exposure, recent evidence points to the benefits of applying principles regarding neuroplasticity in improving the lives for patients and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Gomez
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Omar A Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Cherrier MM, Shen DD, Shireman L, Saxon AJ, Simpson T, Men A, Kooner P, Terman GW. Elevated customary alcohol consumption attenuates opioid effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 211:173295. [PMID: 34742948 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular alcohol consumption is on the rise among older adults and has the potential of altering the subjective experience of pain and response to pain medications. This study examined the cognitive, analgesic and side effect response to oxycodone in middle age and older adults with elevated levels of customary alcohol consumption in a human laboratory setting. METHODS After refraining from alcohol for one day, eligible participants underwent baseline assessment cognition and side effects by means of questionnaires that were repeated at three time points (90 min, 5 and 8 h) following administration of a 10 mg oral dose of oxycodone. Response to pain stimulus (Cold Pressor Test (CPT)), pupil size, and plasma oxycodone were also measured. RESULTS One hundred twenty-eight adults (age 35-85) completed the study day. Compared to those with lower customary alcohol consumption, participants with elevated alcohol consumption showed attenuated opioid-induced pupil constriction and cognitive decline on objective measures of working memory, sustained attention, inhibitory control, coordination on a simulated driving task, and subjective dysphoric effects with enhanced subjective euphoric effects. Oxycodone pharmacokinetics, pain tolerance to CPT, and Berg balance were impacted comparably between alcohol consumption groups. Women endorsed greater negative drug effects, whereas men endorsed positive drug effects. CONCLUSION Independent of subject's age, elevated customary alcohol consumption attenuates opioid central effects (i.e., pupil miosis, impaired cognition) and gender influences subjective drug effects. Clinicians should consider alcohol consumption and gender when prescribing opioid medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique M Cherrier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America.
| | - Danny D Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Laura Shireman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Andrew J Saxon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America; Center of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, United States of America
| | - Tracy Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America; Center of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, United States of America
| | - Alex Men
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Preetma Kooner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine; University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| | - Gregory W Terman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine; University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait of All Addictions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111529. [PMID: 34770047 PMCID: PMC8582845 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol and other substance use disorders share comorbidity with other RDS disorders, i.e., a reduction in dopamine signaling within the reward pathway. RDS is a term that connects addictive, obsessive, compulsive, and impulsive behavioral disorders. An estimated 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder related to prescription opioids. It is estimated that the overall cost of the illegal and legally prescribed opioid crisis exceeds one trillion dollars. Opioid Replacement Therapy is the most common treatment for addictions and other RDS disorders. Even after repeated relapses, patients are repeatedly prescribed the same opioid replacement treatments. A recent JAMA report indicates that non-opioid treatments fare better than chronic opioid treatments. Research demonstrates that over 50 percent of all suicides are related to alcohol or other drug use. In addition to effective fellowship programs and spirituality acceptance, nutrigenomic therapies (e.g., KB220Z) optimize gene expression, rebalance neurotransmitters, and restore neurotransmitter functional connectivity. KB220Z was shown to increase functional connectivity across specific brain regions involved in dopaminergic function. KB220/Z significantly reduces RDS behavioral disorders and relapse in human DUI offenders. Taking a Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) test combined with a the KB220Z semi-customized nutrigenomic supplement effectively restores dopamine homeostasis (WC 199).
Collapse
|
104
|
John B, Newstead S, Heirene R, Hodgson R, Roderique-Davies G. Does the Fast Alcohol Screening Test Accurately Distinguish Between Harmful and Severely Dependent Tiers of Alcohol Misuse? Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:737-745. [PMID: 33754640 PMCID: PMC8631061 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Primary aim: to determine the efficacy of FAST (the Fast Alcohol Screening Test) for detecting harmful and dependent levels of alcohol use. Secondary aim: to compare the performance of the FAST to two short forms of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT): the AUDIT-C and AUDIT-3. METHODS Data from 3336 individuals in South Wales, compiled from full AUDIT datasets, were examined. AUROC analysis, alongside measures of sensitivity and specificity of the FAST, AUDIT-C and AUDIT-3 were utilized for the identification of harmful and dependent alcohol use. RESULTS The FAST demonstrated efficacy in the identification of harmful and dependent levels of alcohol use, with superior performance to both the AUDIT-C and AUDIT-3. CONCLUSION The present paper demonstrates the potential of the FAST as a cost- and time-effective method for appropriate screening and signposting in the stepped care model utilized by many health care and treatment services. Further studies are needed to ensure validity, both within the general population and for specific services and populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bev John
- Corresponding author: Addictions Research Group, School of
Psychology & Therapeutic Studies, University of South Wales, Pontypridd,
Rhondda Cynon Taff CF37 1DL, UK. Tel.: (01443) 654145; E-mail:
| | - Simon Newstead
- Addictions Research Group, School
of Psychology & Therapeutic Studies, University of
South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, UK
| | - Robert Heirene
- Brain & Mind Centre, School of
Psychology, Science Faculty, University of
Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Ray Hodgson
- Addictions Research Group, School
of Psychology & Therapeutic Studies, University of
South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, UK
| | - Gareth Roderique-Davies
- Addictions Research Group, School
of Psychology & Therapeutic Studies, University of
South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Changes in Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic Are Dependent on Initial Consumption Level: Findings from Eight European Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910547. [PMID: 34639847 PMCID: PMC8508389 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that changes in alcohol consumption during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic were unevenly distributed over consumer groups. We investigated possible inter-country differences in how changes in alcohol consumption are contingent on initial consumption (before or at the start of the pandemic), and how changes in consumption translate into possible changes in the prevalence of heavy drinking. We used data from the European Survey on Alcohol use and COVID-19 (ESAC) conducted in Czechia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Norway, Poland, Spain, and the UK (N = 31921). Past-year alcohol consumption and changes in consumption were measured by AUDIT-C. Drinking habits were compared according to percentiles of pre-pandemic consumption levels, below versus above the 90th percentile. Across countries, drinkers in the highest 10% for pre-pandemic consumption increased their drinking during the pandemic, whereas absolute changes among those initially drinking below this level were modest. The percentage of people reporting >28 alcohol units/week increased significantly in seven of eight countries. During the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol consumption in the upper decile of the drinkers increased as did the prevalence of heavy drinkers, in contrast with a declining consumption in other groups in the sample.
Collapse
|
106
|
Neufeld M, Bunova A, Ferreira-Borges C, Bryun E, Fadeeva E, Gil A, Gornyi B, Khaltourina D, Koshkina E, Nadezhdin A, Tetenova E, Vujnovic M, Vyshinsky K, Yurasova E, Rehm J. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in the Russian language - a systematic review of validation efforts and application challenges. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2021; 16:76. [PMID: 34620196 PMCID: PMC8495672 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-021-00404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is one of the most frequently used screening instrument for hazardous and harmful use of alcohol and potential alcohol dependence in primary health care (PHC) and other settings worldwide. It has been translated into many languages and adapted and modified for use in some countries, following formal adaptation procedures and validation studies. In the Russian Federation, the AUDIT has been used in different settings and by different health professionals, including addiction specialists (narcologists). In 2017, it was included as a screening instrument in the national guidelines of routine preventive health checks at the population-level (dispanserization). However, various Russian translations of the AUDIT are known to be in use in different settings and, so far, little is known about the empirical basis and validation of the instrument in Russia—a country, which is known for its distinct drinking patterns and their detrimental impact on health. The present contribution is the summary of two systematic reviews that were carried out to inform a planned national validation study of the AUDIT in Russia. Two systematic searches were carried out to 1) identify all validation efforts of the AUDIT in Russia and to document all reported problems encountered, and 2) identify all globally existing Russian translations of the AUDIT and document their differences and any reported issues in their application. The qualitative narrative synthesis of all studies that met the inclusion criteria of the first search highlighted the absence of any large-scale rigorous validation study of the AUDIT in primary health care in Russia, while a document analysis of all of the 122 Russian translations has revealed 61 unique versions, most of which contained inconsistencies and signaled obvious application challenges of the test. The results clearly signal the need for a validation study of the Russian AUDIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Neufeld
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, 125009. .,Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Street 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany. .,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2S1, Canada.
| | - Anna Bunova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petroverigskiy Pereulok 10, Moscow, Russian Federation, 101990
| | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, 125009
| | - Evgeniy Bryun
- Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Lublinskay Street 37/1, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109390
| | - Eugenia Fadeeva
- National Research Centre on Addictions - branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Maly Mogiltsevskiy Pereulok 3, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119034
| | - Artyom Gil
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Alexander Solzhenitsyn Street 28/1, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109004
| | - Boris Gornyi
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petroverigskiy Pereulok 10, Moscow, Russian Federation, 101990
| | - Daria Khaltourina
- Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Dobrolyubov Street 11, Moscow, Russian Federation, 127254
| | - Evgenia Koshkina
- Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Lublinskay Street 37/1, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109390
| | - Aleksey Nadezhdin
- Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Lublinskay Street 37/1, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109390
| | - Elena Tetenova
- Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Lublinskay Street 37/1, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109390
| | - Melita Vujnovic
- WHO Office in the Russian Federation, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, 125009
| | - Konstantin Vyshinsky
- National Research Centre on Addictions - branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Maly Mogiltsevskiy Pereulok 3, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119034
| | - Elena Yurasova
- WHO Office in the Russian Federation, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow, Russian Federation, 125009
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Chemnitzer Street 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Ursula Franklin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2S1, Canada.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Alexander Solzhenitsyn Street 28/1, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109004.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S1, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1P8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Lesko CR, Hutton HE, Fojo AT, Shen NM, Moore RD, Chander G. Depression and HIV viral nonsuppression among people engaged in HIV care in an urban clinic, 2014-2019. AIDS 2021; 35:2017-2024. [PMID: 34172673 PMCID: PMC8416789 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe the risk of viral nonsuppression across the depression care cascade. DESIGN A clinical cohort study. METHODS We used depressive symptoms (PHQ-8 ≥ 10) self-reported on computer-assisted surveys, clinical diagnoses of depression in the medical record in the prior year and pharmacologic (any prescription for an antidepressant) and psychologic treatments for depression (attendance at at least two mental health visits in the prior year) to classify patients into groups: no history of depression; prior depression diagnosis; current indication for depression treatment (symptoms or clinical diagnosis); and treated depression (stratified by presence of persistent symptoms). We associated position in the depression care cascade with viral nonsuppression (>200 copies/ml) 7 days before to 6 months after the index self-report of depressive symptoms. RESULTS History of depression [adjusted risk difference (aRD) relative to no history = 5.9%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.5-10.3] and current depression (symptoms or diagnosis) in the absence of treatment (aRD relative to no current depression or depression treatment = 4.8%, 95% CI: 1.8-7.8) were associated with a higher risk of viral nonsuppression than no history of depression. Depression treatment mitigated this association (aRD = -0.4%, 95% CI: -2.5 to 1.7). CONCLUSION The relationship between depression care cascade and viral suppression is complex. Untreated depression and clinically unrecognized depressive symptoms were both related to viral nonsuppression. Treated depression was not associated with viral nonsuppression; however, a high proportion of treated patients still had depressive symptoms. Depression treatment should be titrated if patients' symptoms are not responsive and patients with a history of depression should be monitored for ART adherence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine R Lesko
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore
| | | | - Anthony T Fojo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicola M Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore
| | - Richard D Moore
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Geetanjali Chander
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Mannes ZL, Shmulewitz D, Livne O, Stohl M, Hasin DS. Correlates of mild, moderate, and severe Alcohol Use Disorder among adults with problem substance use: Validity implications for DSM-5. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:2118-2129. [PMID: 34581461 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DSM-5 definition of alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been well validated, but information is lacking on the extent to which alcohol use, comorbidity, and impairment are associated with the 3 DSM-5-defined AUD severity levels: mild, moderate, and severe. This study examined clinical and functional characteristics as predictors (validators) of these severity levels. METHODS Participants aged ≥18 years reporting current problem substance use (N = 588) were recruited between 2016 and 2019 and assessed for DSM-5 AUD and a set of potential validators: indicators of alcohol use severity (i.e., craving, binge drinking frequency, problematic use, and harmful drinking), psychiatric disorders, and functional impairment. Multinomial logistic regression models examined the association between the predictors and the 3 AUD severity levels (mild, moderate, and severe) vs the reference group, no AUD, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and other substance use. RESULTS All alcohol use validators were associated with a greater likelihood of all 3 AUD severity levels compared with the no-AUD group. However, psychiatric disorders were associated only with severe AUD and participants with major depression (aOR = 2.44), posttraumatic stress disorder (aOR = 1.65), borderline personality disorder (aOR = 1.99), and antisocial personality disorder (aOR = 1.78) had a greater likelihood of severe AUD than the no-AUD group. Functioning validators were also associated only with severe AUD and participants with social (aOR = 1.87), physical (aOR = 1.62), or mental (aOR = 1.84) impairment had a greater likelihood of severe AUD than the no-AUD group. Many alcohol-related, psychiatric, and functioning validators were associated with greater odds of severe AUD than mild or moderate AUD. CONCLUSION This study supports the criterion validity of the DSM-5 tri-categorical measure of AUD. Specifically, results fully supported the validity of severe AUD by its associations with all predictors, whereas the validity of mild and moderate AUD was supported only by alcohol use predictor variables. Findings suggest the value of using severity-specific interventions utilizing the DSM-5 AUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary L Mannes
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dvora Shmulewitz
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ofir Livne
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Malki Stohl
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
The Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ALDH2*2 Allele, Associated with Alcohol Drinking Behavior, Dates Back to Prehistoric Times. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091376. [PMID: 34572589 PMCID: PMC8465343 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human alcohol-consumption behavior is partly genetically encoded. The alcohol consumption of 987 residents in Keelung, Taiwan, was evaluated by using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). We assessed ~750,000 genomic variants of 71 residents who drank hazardously (AUDIT score ≥ 8) and 126 residents who did not drink in their daily lives (AUDIT score = 0), using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. The rs671 G > A manifests the highest significance of the association with drinking behavior (Fisher’s exact P = 8.75 × 10−9). It is a pleiotropic, non-synonymous variant in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene. The minor allele “A”, commonly known as ALDH2*2, is associated with non-drinkers. Intriguingly, identity-by-descent haplotypes encompassing genomic regions with a median length of 1.6 (0.6–2.0) million nucleotide bases were found in all study participants with either heterozygous or homozygous ALDH2*2 (n = 81 and 13, respectively). We also analyzed a public-domain dataset with genome-wide genotypes of 2000 participants in Guangzhou, a coastal city in Southern China. Among them, 175 participants have homozygous ALDH2*2 genotype, and again, long ALDH2*2-carrying haplotypes were found in all 175 participants without exceptions. The median length of the ALDH2*2-carrying haplotype is 1.7 (0.5–2.8) million nucleotide bases. The haplotype lengths in the Keelung and Guangzhou cohorts combined indicate that the origin of the ALDH2*2 allele dates back to 7935 (7014–9381) years ago. In conclusion, the rs671 G > A is the leading genomic variant associated with the long-term drinking behavior among residents of Keelung, Taiwan. The ALDH2*2 allele has been in Asian populations since prehistoric times.
Collapse
|
110
|
Albright DL, Holmes L, Lawson M, McDaniel J, Godfrey K. False negative AUDIT screening results among patients in rural primary care settings. JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED SOCIAL WORK (2019) 2021; 18:585-595. [PMID: 34193029 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2021.1880513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the incidence of false-negative screening results on a tool measuring alcohol use - the United States Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test Consumption (US-AUDIT-C).Method: A sample of patients (n = 4,023) in Alabama completed the US-AUDIT-C prior to a medical visit as part of a screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (AL-SBIRT) program. We calculated the incidence of false negative US-AUDIT-C screens based on recommendations for safe alcohol consumption.Results: The false negative screening rate on the US-AUDIT-C was 1%. The false negative screening rate for (a) males aged > 65 years in the AL-SBIRT program was 0.64%, (b) males aged 18-65 years was 2.79%, and (c) all females was 2.29%.Discussion & Conclusions: Increasing alcohol-consumption-related health education and reducing the stigma of discussing alcohol consumption habits is an important step toward improving patient health. Clinicians can more accurately screen and provide brief intervention services for alcohol misuse by training on US-AUDIT-C response patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L Albright
- School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Lauren Holmes
- School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Michael Lawson
- College of Education, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Justin McDaniel
- School of Human Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelli Godfrey
- School of Social Work, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Shorter GW, Bray JW, Heather N, Berman AH, Giles EL, Clarke M, Barbosa C, O'Donnell AJ, Holloway A, Riper H, Daeppen JB, Monteiro MG, Saitz R, McNeely J, McKnight-Eily L, Cowell A, Toner P, Newbury-Birch D. The "Outcome Reporting in Brief Intervention Trials: Alcohol" (ORBITAL) Core Outcome Set: International Consensus on Outcomes to Measure in Efficacy and Effectiveness Trials of Alcohol Brief Interventions. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2021; 82:638-646. [PMID: 34546911 PMCID: PMC8819610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to report the "Outcome Reporting in Brief Intervention Trials: Alcohol" (ORBITAL) recommended core outcome set (COS) to improve efficacy and effectiveness trials/evaluations for alcohol brief interventions (ABIs). METHOD A systematic review identified 2,641 outcomes in 401 ABI articles measured by 1,560 different approaches. These outcomes were classified into outcome categories, and 150 participants from 19 countries participated in a two-round e-Delphi outcome prioritization exercise. This process prioritized 15 of 93 outcome categories for discussion at a consensus meeting of key stakeholders to decide the COS. A psychometric evaluation determined how to measure the outcomes. RESULTS Ten outcomes were voted into the COS at the consensus meeting: (a) typical frequency, (b) typical quantity, (c) frequency of heavy episodic drinking, (d) combined consumption measure summarizing alcohol use, (e) hazardous or harmful drinking (average consumption), (f) standard drinks consumed in the past week (recent, current consumption), (g) alcohol-related consequences, (h) alcohol-related injury, (i) use of emergency health care services (impact of alcohol use), and (j) quality of life. CONCLUSIONS The ORBITAL COS is an international consensus standard for future ABI trials and evaluations. It can improve the synthesis of new findings, reduce redundant/selective reporting (i.e., reporting only some, usually significant outcomes), improve between-study comparisons, and enhance the relevance of trial and evaluation findings to decision makers. The COS is the recommended minimum and does not exclude other, additional outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian W. Shorter
- Centre for Improving Health Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Drug and Alcohol Research Network, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy W. Bray
- Department of Economics, Bryan School of Business and Economics, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Nick Heather
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anne H. Berman
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma L. Giles
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Clarke
- Northern Ireland Methodology Hub, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Barbosa
- Behavioral Health Economics Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Amy J. O'Donnell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Aisha Holloway
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Heleen Riper
- Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Bernard Daeppen
- Département universitaire de médecine et santé communautaires (DUMSC), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Richard Saitz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Clinical Addiction Research and Education (CARE) Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Grayken Center for Addiction, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer McNeely
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Alex Cowell
- Behavioral Health Economics Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Paul Toner
- Centre for Improving Health Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothy Newbury-Birch
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Rehm J, Neufeld M, Yurasova E, Bunova A, Gil A, Gornyi B, Breda J, Bryun E, Drapkina O, Fadeeva E, Kalinina A, Khaltourina D, Klimenko T, Kontsevaya A, Koshkina E, Martynova N, Nadezhdin A, Soshkina K, Tetenova E, Vujnovic M, Vyshinsky K, Ferreira-Borges C. Adaptation of and Protocol for the Validation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in the Russian Federation for Use in Primary Healthcare. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 55:624-630. [PMID: 32728707 PMCID: PMC7576502 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To adapt and validate the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for use in the Russian Federation and countries with Russian-speaking populations by: Methods Systematic review of past use and validation of the Russian-language AUDIT. Interviews to be conducted with experts to identify problems encountered in the use of existing Russian-language AUDIT versions. A pilot study using a revised translation of the Russian-language AUDIT that incorporates country-specific drinking patterns in the Russian Federation. Results and Conclusions The systematic review identified over 60 different Russian-language AUDIT versions without systematic validation studies. The main difficulties encountered with the use of the AUDIT in the Russian Federation were related to the lack of: A revised version of the Russian-language AUDIT was created based on the pilot studies, and was validated in primary healthcare facilities in all regions in 2019/2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Chemnitzer St. 46, Dresden 01187, Germany.,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 2374, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada.,Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya St., 8, b. 2, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Neufeld
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Chemnitzer St. 46, Dresden 01187, Germany.,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1, Canada.,WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Yurasova
- WHO Office in the Russian Federation, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Bunova
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petroverigskiy Pereulok 10, Moscow 101990, Russian Federation
| | - Artyom Gil
- Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya St., 8, b. 2, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Boris Gornyi
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petroverigskiy Pereulok 10, Moscow 101990, Russian Federation
| | - João Breda
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniy Bryun
- National Research Centre on Addictions-branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Maly Mogiltsevskiy Pereulok 3, Moscow 119034, Russian Federation
| | - Oxana Drapkina
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petroverigskiy Pereulok 10, Moscow 101990, Russian Federation
| | - Eugenia Fadeeva
- National Research Centre on Addictions-branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Maly Mogiltsevskiy Pereulok 3, Moscow 119034, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Kalinina
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petroverigskiy Pereulok 10, Moscow 101990, Russian Federation
| | - Daria Khaltourina
- Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Dobrolyubov Street 11, Moscow 127254, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Klimenko
- National Research Centre on Addictions-branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Maly Mogiltsevskiy Pereulok 3, Moscow 119034, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Kontsevaya
- National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Petroverigskiy Pereulok 10, Moscow 101990, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenia Koshkina
- Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Lublinskay Street 37/1, Moscow 109390, Russian Federation
| | - Natalya Martynova
- Department of Public Health and Communications, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rakhmanovsky Pereulok 3, Moscow 127051, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Nadezhdin
- Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Lublinskay Street 37/1, Moscow 109390, Russian Federation
| | - Kristina Soshkina
- Department of Public Health and Communications, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rakhmanovsky Pereulok 3, Moscow 127051, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Tetenova
- Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health, Lublinskay Street 37/1, Moscow 109390, Russian Federation
| | - Melita Vujnovic
- WHO Office in the Russian Federation, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Vyshinsky
- National Research Centre on Addictions-branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Maly Mogiltsevskiy Pereulok 3, Moscow 119034, Russian Federation
| | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Quality control questions on Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk): A randomized trial of impact on the USAUDIT, PHQ-9, and GAD-7. Behav Res Methods 2021; 54:885-897. [PMID: 34357539 PMCID: PMC8344397 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-021-01665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Crowdsourced psychological and other biobehavioral research using platforms like Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is increasingly common - but has proliferated more rapidly than studies to establish data quality best practices. Thus, this study investigated whether outcome scores for three common screening tools would be significantly different among MTurk workers who were subject to different sets of quality control checks. We conducted a single-stage, randomized controlled trial with equal allocation to each of four study arms: Arm 1 (Control Arm), Arm 2 (Bot/VPN Check), Arm 3 (Truthfulness/Attention Check), and Arm 4 (Stringent Arm - All Checks). Data collection was completed in Qualtrics, to which participants were referred from MTurk. Subjects (n = 1100) were recruited on November 20-21, 2020. Eligible workers were required to claim U.S. residency, have a successful task completion rate > 95%, have completed a minimum of 100 tasks, and have completed a maximum of 10,000 tasks. Participants completed the US-Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (USAUDIT), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and a screener for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). We found that differing quality control approaches significantly, meaningfully, and directionally affected outcome scores on each of the screening tools. Most notably, workers in Arm 1 (Control) reported higher scores than those in Arms 3 and 4 for all tools, and a higher score than workers in Arm 2 for the PHQ-9. These data suggest that the use, or lack thereof, of quality control questions in crowdsourced research may substantively affect findings, as might the types of quality control items.
Collapse
|
114
|
Zaso MJ, Youngentob SL, Park A. Characterizing the role of early alcohol reexposure in associations of prenatal alcohol exposure with adolescent alcohol outcomes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1436-1447. [PMID: 33977545 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal alcohol exposure has been linked to a host of negative outcomes, although it is largely unknown whether prenatal exposure leads to an earlier age of initiation of alcohol use or exacerbates early alcohol initiation. The current study examined whether adolescents exposed to heavy drinking during gestation began drinking earlier than their nonexposed peers and whether an earlier age of alcohol reexposure in adolescence exacerbated associations with adverse alcohol outcomes. METHODS Adolescents (17 years of age; 57% female; 96% White) from a longitudinal, population-based cohort study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, reported on the age they first consumed a whole drink and other alcohol behaviors. Adolescents' mothers also reported on their own heavy drinking during pregnancy (i.e., any consumption of 4+ U.K. units in a drinking day at either 18 or 32 weeks of gestation). RESULTS Survival analyses indicated that prenatal heavy drinking exposure was not associated with an earlier initiation of alcohol use after controlling for potential demographic and parental mental health and substance use confounds. Generalized negative binomial models demonstrated that prenatal heavy drinking exposure moderated associations of the age of alcohol initiation with alcohol quantity and heavy drinking frequency (but not alcohol frequency or Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score), after controlling for the same demographic and parental confounds. Specifically, earlier alcohol initiation was associated with more adverse alcohol outcomes regardless of prenatal exposure. However, the protective associations of delayed alcohol initiation were lower among adolescents exposed to prenatal heavy drinking. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for the interplay between prenatal and postnatal alcohol exposures. Importantly, adolescents who were prenatally exposed to heavy drinking appeared to be less protected by later alcohol initiation than those who were not exposed in utero.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle J Zaso
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo-The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Neufeld M, Rehm J, Bunova A, Gil A, Gornyi B, Rovira, P, Manthey J, Yurasova E, Dolgova S, Idrisov B, Moskvicheva M, Nabiullina G, Shegaym O, Zhidkova I, Ziganshina Z, Ferreira-Borges C. Validation of a screening test for alcohol use, the Russian Federation. Bull World Health Organ 2021; 99:496-505. [PMID: 34248222 PMCID: PMC8243036 DOI: 10.2471/blt.20.273227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate a Russian-language version of the World Health Organization's Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). METHODS We invited 2173 patients from 21 rural and urban primary health-care centres in nine Russian regions to participate in the study (143 declined and eight were excluded). In a standardized interview, patients who had consumed alcohol in the past 12 months provided information on their sociodemographic characteristics and completed the Russian AUDIT, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and the Composite International Diagnostic Interview to identify problem drinking and alcohol use disorders. We assessed the feasibility of administering the test, its internal consistency and its ability to predict hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorders in primary health care in the Russian Federation. FINDINGS Of the 2022 patients included in the study, 1497 were current drinkers with Russian AUDIT scores. The test was internally consistent with good psychometric properties (Cronbach's α : 0.842) and accurately predicted alcohol use disorders and other outcomes (area under the curve > 75%). A three-item short form of the test correlated well with the full instrument and had similar predictive power (area under the curve > 80%). We determined sex-specific thresholds for all outcomes, as non-specific thresholds resulted in few women being identified. CONCLUSION With the validated Russian AUDIT, there is no longer a barrier to introducing screening and brief interventions into primary health care in the Russian Federation to supplement successful alcohol control policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Neufeld
- World Health Organization European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, 125009 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anna Bunova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Artyom Gil
- Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Boris Gornyi
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pol Rovira,
- Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jakob Manthey
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elena Yurasova
- World Health Organization Office in the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Bulat Idrisov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Moskvicheva
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare, South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
| | | | - Olga Shegaym
- Center for Medical Prevention, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Zhidkova
- Amur Regional Center for Preventive Medicine, Blagoveshchensk, Russian Federation
| | - Zukhra Ziganshina
- Institute of Management, Economics and Finance, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- World Health Organization European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, 125009 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - & the 2019/2020 RUS-AUDIT Collaborators & the RUS-AUDIT Project Advisory Board
- World Health Organization European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Leontyevsky Pereulok 9, 125009 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Program on Substance Abuse, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
- World Health Organization Office in the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Vologda City Policlinic, Vologda, Russian Federation
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare, South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
- Center for Medical Prevention, Astrakhan, Russian Federation
- Center for Medical Prevention, Tomsk, Russian Federation
- Amur Regional Center for Preventive Medicine, Blagoveshchensk, Russian Federation
- Institute of Management, Economics and Finance, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Nieto SJ, Baskerville W, Donato S, Bujarski S, Ray L. Lifetime heavy drinking years predict alcohol use disorder severity over and above current alcohol use. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2021; 47:630-637. [PMID: 34134588 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2021.1938100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Preclinical studies demonstrate that chronic and heavy alcohol use facilitates neuroadaptations that perpetuate addiction-like behaviors. In clinical studies, it is unclear whether the extent of heavy alcohol use over the lifetime contributes to alcohol use disorder (AUD) severity over and above current alcohol use patterns (i.e. last 30 days to 3-months). Such information may improve our understanding of the phenomenology of AUD.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine lifetime heavy drinking years in relation to a clinical assessment of AUD.Methods: Participants, who were non-treatment-seeking and engaged in heavy drinking (n = 140; 50% male), completed an interview-based assessment of lifetime regular and heavy drinking years along with a battery of measures indexing alcohol use and problems, drinking motives, and depression and anxiety symptomatology.Results: Lifetime heavy drinking years was positively associated with lifetime regular drinking years, current alcohol use, alcohol problems, tonic alcohol craving, drinking for the enhancing effects of alcohol, and drinking to cope (r's = .21-.58). Adjusting for lifetime regular drinking years and current alcohol use, lifetime heavy drinking years predicted higher scores on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT; B = .382; SE = .123). A multivariate logistic regression found that lifetime heavy drinking years predicted greater odds of more severe AUD over and above current alcohol use (OR = 1.147).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that lifetime heavy drinking years are a clinically meaningful indicator of AUD severity that is not redundant with current alcohol use measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Nieto
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wave Baskerville
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suzanna Donato
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Spencer Bujarski
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lara Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
STOICA SI, TĂNASE I, ONOSE G. Influences and consequences resulting in addictions in general and to chronic alcoholism, especially for patients with spinal cord injury. BALNEO AND PRM RESEARCH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2021.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Spinal cord injury can be a cause of severe disability, with important consequences at the individual and social levels. Causes are often produced by falls or road accidents; and addictions (particularly chronic ethylism) also increase the risk of vertebral-medullary lesions.
Materials and Methods: With with the approval of the TEHBA Ethics Commission (no.17464/14.06.2019), we used specific tests (DASS-21, MOS SF-36, SMAST, AUDIT, CAGE, AIS) and we questioned a group of patients admitted to the THEBA Neuro-Muscle Recovery Clinic after being treated in the Spinal Neurosurgery Service for acute and subacute vertebral medullary trauma.
Results: We evaluated the link between addictions (especially ethanol), the risk of spinal cord injury, and the underlying subacute evolution of patients with this pathology.
Conclusions: Substance abuse (especially ethanol) increases the risk of spinal cord injury and is a serious public health problem.
Keywords: SCI, DASS-21, MOS SF-36, AUDIT, CAGE, SMAST, Neuromuscular Recovery
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona-Isabelle STOICA
- 1. University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), in Bucharest, Romania 2 Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana TĂNASE
- 2 Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gelu ONOSE
- 1. University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), in Bucharest, Romania 2 Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Schrever C, Hulbert C, Sourdin T. Where stress presides: predictors and correlates of stress among Australian judges and magistrates. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2021; 29:290-322. [PMID: 35755152 PMCID: PMC9225743 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2021.1904456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on the nature, prevalence and severity of judicial stress in Australia has revealed a considerable burden of stress placed upon the judicial system. This article builds upon this research by exploring the demographic and workplace factors associated with elevated stress among Australian judicial officers. A survey of 152 judicial officers from 5 Australian courts found that judicial stress - operationalised as non-specific psychological distress, depressive and anxious symptoms, burnout and secondary traumatic stress - was predicted by satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness. The only demographic variable found to be reliably associated with judicial stress was jurisdiction: compared with judicial officers in the higher jurisdictions (i.e. judges), those in the summary jurisdictions (i.e. magistrates) reported significantly higher levels of stress and significantly lower levels of basic psychological needs satisfaction. Implications and areas for future research are discussed. Alcohol use and dependence was not associated with levels of stress or needs satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly Schrever
- Melbourne School of Psychological Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carol Hulbert
- Melbourne School of Psychological Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tania Sourdin
- Newcastle Law School, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Oksanen A, Savolainen I, Savela N, Oksa R. Psychological Stressors Predicting Increased Drinking During the COVID-19 Crisis: A Longitudinal National Survey Study of Workers in Finland. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:299-306. [PMID: 33160284 PMCID: PMC7890675 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The global crisis caused by the outbreak of a novel coronavirus rapidly increased working remotely in many countries. The aim of this study was to analyze psychological stressors predicting increased drinking during the COVID-19 crisis. Also, individual and socio-demographic differences were analyzed. METHODS A nationally representative sample of Finnish workers (N = 1308) was collected before the crisis in September-October 2019 and 82.02% of them responded to a follow-up survey conducted in March-April 2020. Increased drinking was the outcome variable and it was measured with the AUDIT-C before and during the COVID-19 crisis. Predictors measured before the crisis included cyberbullying victimization at work, psychological distress, burnout and work climate. Additional measures included personality factors, socio-demographic factors and occupational information. RESULTS One-fourth of Finnish workers (25.37%) reported increased drinking during the COVID-19 crisis. Cyberbullying victimization at work and psychological distress before the crisis predicted increased drinking during the crisis. Conscientious workers and those working in educational and health and welfare sectors were less likely to increase drinking, while increased drinking was most common among workers under 30 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Psychological stressors are risk factors for increased drinking in unusual times such as the COVID-19 crisis. Cyberbullying victimization at work and psychological distress were found as major risk factors. The results suggest that preventive work should be done at workplaces. This is particularly important if alcohol consumption is used as a means of coping during a stressful time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atte Oksanen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Iina Savolainen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Savela
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Reetta Oksa
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Stewart D, Hewitt C, McCambridge J. Exploratory Validation Study of the Individual AUDIT-C Items among Older People. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:258-265. [PMID: 32860051 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The AUDIT-C is a brief and commonly used alcohol screening tool, with few data available on the relative validity of the three individual items in older adult populations. The aim of this study was to explore the validity of the AUDIT-C items in identifying unhealthy drinking among older people, with a view to developing a single-item screener. METHODS A sample of 143 older adults (mean age = 71) were recruited from non-clinical settings in the UK. AUDIT-C scores were compared to an unhealthy drinking reference category of consuming more than the UK recommended weekly units of alcohol. Standard analyses were conducted for men and women, and for those prescribed medications for long term conditions. RESULTS The AUDIT-C items performed well in identifying unhealthy drinking in this sample of older people, with generally high sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve. No significant differences were found in the validity of the three items, though the combined sensitivity and specificity scores and ROC values for item 3 were consistently slightly lower than for items 1 and 2. The findings were similar for men and women, and for participants prescribed medications for long-term conditions. CONCLUSIONS AUDIT-C items 1 and 2 performed as well as item 3 in identifying unhealthy drinking among older people in this study. Both are reasonable single-item screener candidates, especially given relative ease of administration, with further validation study needed to examine psychometrics and how alcohol screening for older people can best be implemented in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Stewart
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jim McCambridge
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Dos Santos DT, Arroyo LH, Alves YM, Alves LS, Berra TZ, Crispim JDA, Alves JD, Ramos DAC, Alonso JB, de Assis IS, Ramos AV, Dessunti EM, Carvalho Pinto I, Palha PF, Arcêncio RA, Nunes C. Survival time among patients who were diagnosed with tuberculosis, the precocious deaths and associated factors in southern Brazil. Trop Med Health 2021; 49:31. [PMID: 33883022 PMCID: PMC8058757 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-021-00320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) does not mean that the disease will be treated successfully, since death may occur even among those who are known to the health services. Here, we aimed to analyze patient survival time from the diagnosis of TB to death, precocious deaths, and associated factors in southern Brazil. Methods We conducted a longitudinal study with patients who were diagnosed with TB and who died due to the disease between 2008 and 2015 in southern Brazil. The starting point for measuring survival time was the patient’s diagnosis date. Techniques for survival analysis were employed, including the Kaplan-Meier test and Cox’s regression. A mixed-effect model was applied for identifying the associated factors to precocious deaths. Hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. We defined p value <0.05 as statistically significant for all statistics applied. Results One hundred forty-six patients were included in the survival analysis, observing a median survival time of 23.5 days. We observed that alcoholism (HR=1.55, 95% CI=1.04-2.30) and being male (HR=6.49, 95% CI=1.03-2.68) were associated with death. The chance of precocious death within 60 days was 10.48 times greater than the chance of early death within 30 days. Conclusion Most of the deaths occurred within 2 months after the diagnosis, during the intensive phase of the treatment. The use of alcohol and gender were associated with death, revealing inequality between men and women. This study advanced knowledge regarding the vulnerability associated with mortality. These findings must be addressed to fill a gap in the care cascades for active TB and ensure equity in health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41182-021-00320-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Talita Dos Santos
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (EERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Arroyo
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (EERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Yan Mathias Alves
- Postgraduate in the Public Health Nursing Program, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing at University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana Seles Alves
- Postgraduate in the Public Health Nursing Program, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing at University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Zamboni Berra
- Postgraduate in the Public Health Nursing Program, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing at University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliane de Almeida Crispim
- Inter-institucional Doctoral Program in Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing at University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josilene Dália Alves
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Jonas Bodini Alonso
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (EERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-902, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Vieira Ramos
- Postgraduate in the Public Health Nursing Program, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing at University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ione Carvalho Pinto
- Postgraduate in the Public Health Nursing Program, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing at University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fredemir Palha
- Postgraduate in the Public Health Nursing Program, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing at University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio
- Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (EERP/USP), University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-902, Brazil.
| | - Carla Nunes
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Rossow I, Bye EK, Moan IS, Kilian C, Bramness JG. Changes in Alcohol Consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic-Small Change in Total Consumption, but Increase in Proportion of Heavy Drinkers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4231. [PMID: 33923567 PMCID: PMC8073387 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about possible changes in alcohol consumption distribution during the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated how individual changes in alcohol consumption during the pandemic translated into changes in: (i) mean consumption; (ii) dispersion of consumption distribution; and (iii) prevalence of heavy drinkers. We employed data from two independent web-surveys of Norwegian adults collected between April and July 2020 and limited to those reporting past year alcohol consumption (N1 = 15,267, N2 = 1195). Self-reports of changes in drinking behavior were quantified, assuming change being relative to baseline consumption level. During the pandemic, we found a small increase (Survey 1) or no change (Survey 2) in estimated mean alcohol consumption (which parallels to total consumption). However, in both surveys, the dispersion of the distribution increased significantly (p < 0.001). For most respondents, an average modest decline in consumption was found. However, the small fraction with the highest baseline consumption increased their consumption substantially, and in effect, the proportion of heavy drinkers increased markedly (p < 0.001). In conclusion, quantifications of reported changes in alcohol consumption during the pandemic suggest that the upper 5 to 10% of the drinkers increased their consumption and hence the prevalence of heavy drinkers increased, despite little or no change in total alcohol consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Rossow
- Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway; (E.K.B.); (I.S.M.); (J.G.B.)
| | - Elin K. Bye
- Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway; (E.K.B.); (I.S.M.); (J.G.B.)
| | - Inger Synnøve Moan
- Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway; (E.K.B.); (I.S.M.); (J.G.B.)
| | - Carolin Kilian
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Jørgen G. Bramness
- Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway; (E.K.B.); (I.S.M.); (J.G.B.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2381 Brumunddal, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Lesko CR, Nance RM, Lau B, Fojo AT, Hutton HE, Delaney JAC, Crane HM, Cropsey KL, Mayer KH, Napravnik S, Geng E, Mathews WC, McCaul ME, Chander G. Changing Patterns of Alcohol Use and Probability of Unsuppressed Viral Load Among Treated Patients with HIV Engaged in Routine Care in the United States. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:1072-1082. [PMID: 33064249 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-03065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We examined HIV viral load non-suppression ([Formula: see text] 200 copies/mL) subsequent to person-periods (3-18 months) bookended by two self-reports of alcohol use on a standardized patient reported outcome assessment among adults in routine HIV care. We examined the relative risk (RR) of non-suppression associated with increases and decreases in alcohol use (relative to stable use), stratified by use at the start of the person-period. Increases in drinking from abstinence were associated with higher risk of viral non-suppression (low-risk without binge: RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03, 1.32; low-risk with binge: RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.11, 1.63; high-risk: RR 1.89, 95% CI 1.16, 3.08). Decreases in drinking from high-risk drinking were weakly, and not statistically significantly associated with lower risk of viral non-suppression. Other changes in alcohol use were not associated with viral load non-suppression. Most changes in alcohol consumption among people using alcohol at baseline were not strongly associated with viral non-suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine R Lesko
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Robin M Nance
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bryan Lau
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Anthony T Fojo
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heidi E Hutton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Heidi M Crane
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen L Cropsey
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AB, USA
| | - Kenneth H Mayer
- Fenway Health, Beth Israel Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sonia Napravnik
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elvin Geng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Mary E McCaul
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geetanjali Chander
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Wandera SO, Tumwesigye NM, Walakira EJ, Kisaakye P, Wagman J. Alcohol use, intimate partner violence, and HIV sexual risk behavior among young people in fishing communities of Lake Victoria, Uganda. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:544. [PMID: 33740935 PMCID: PMC7978165 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the association between alcohol use, intimate partner violence, and HIV sexual risk behavior among young people in fishing communities from eastern and central Uganda. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association between alcohol use, intimate partner violence, and HIV sexual risk behavior among young people in the fishing communities on the shores of Lake Victoria, in Uganda. METHODS We conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses of HIV risk behavior using cross-sectional data from 501 young people from Mukono (Katosi landing site) and Namayingo districts (Lugala landing site). RESULTS Almost all (97%) respondents reported at least one HIV risk behavior; more than half (54%) reported engagement in three or more HIV risk behaviors. Results from the adjusted model indicate that alcohol use, working for cash or kind, being married, and having multiple sexual partners increased the odds of HIV risk behavior. IPV was not associated with HIV risk behavior. CONCLUSION Interventions to promote consistent condom use and fewer sexual partnerships are critical for young people in the fishing communities in Uganda.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Ojiambo Wandera
- Department of Population Studies (DPS), School of Statistics and Planning (SSP), College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda. .,Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the University of California Global Health Institute (UCGHI), San Francisco, USA.
| | - Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eddy J Walakira
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter Kisaakye
- Department of Population Studies (DPS), School of Statistics and Planning (SSP), College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jennifer Wagman
- School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Simon E, Levin JB, Mbwambo J, Blixen C, Lema I, Aebi M, Njiro G, Cassidy K, Kaaya S, Sajatovic M. Alcohol use in Tanzanians with chronic psychotic disorders and poor medication adherence. S Afr J Psychiatr 2021; 27:1570. [PMID: 33824753 PMCID: PMC8008015 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v27i0.1570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The burden of chronic psychotic disorders (CPDs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is significant. Poorly medically adherent patients are more likely to have worse outcomes and require more resources. However, factors impacting effective treatment of CPD in this population are unclear. Aim Examine the relationship between alcohol use and disease management and compare alcohol risk stratification between the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) in poorly medication adherent Tanzanians with CPD. Setting Muhimbili National Hospital and ambulatory clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods 100 Tanzanians with CPDs and suboptimal medication adherence were dichotomized into low and moderate-to-high risk alcohol use based on AUDIT scores and compared regarding medication attitudes, adherence and psychiatric symptoms. Patients completed the ASSIST for comparison to AUDIT risk stratification. Results Moderate-to-high risk alcohol users had worse medication attitudes (p < 0.01), medication adherence (previous week, p = 0.01; previous month, p < 0.001), and psychiatric symptoms (p = 0.03). They were younger, predominately male and more likely to have a family history of alcohol abuse. A logistic regression analysis found age, gender and family history of abuse as significant predictors of hazardous alcohol use (p = 0.02, 0.02, < 0.01, respectively). Risk stratification between AUDIT and ASSIST aligned in 85% of participants. Conclusion Alcohol use is an important consideration in treating poorly adherent Tanzanians with CPD. The ASSIST was comparable to the AUDIT in stratifying risky alcohol use with the additional benefit of screening for other substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Simon
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America
| | - Jennifer B Levin
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America.,Neurological & Behavioral Outcomes Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America
| | - Jessie Mbwambo
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Republic of Tanzania
| | - Carol Blixen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America.,Neurological & Behavioral Outcomes Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America
| | - Isaac Lema
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Republic of Tanzania
| | - Michelle Aebi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America.,University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, The United States of America
| | - Godwin Njiro
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Republic of Tanzania
| | - Kristin Cassidy
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America.,University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, The United States of America
| | - Sylvia Kaaya
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Republic of Tanzania
| | - Martha Sajatovic
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America.,University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, The United States of America.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, The United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Ghiţă A, Hernández-Serrano O, Fernández-Ruiz J, Moreno M, Monras M, Ortega L, Mondon S, Teixidor L, Gual A, Gacto-Sanchez M, Porras-García B, Ferrer-García M, Gutiérrez-Maldonado J. Attentional Bias, Alcohol Craving, and Anxiety Implications of the Virtual Reality Cue-Exposure Therapy in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: A Case Report. Front Psychol 2021; 12:543586. [PMID: 33692713 PMCID: PMC7937649 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.543586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Attentional bias (AB), alcohol craving, and anxiety have important implications in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). The current study aims to test the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Cue-Exposure Therapy (VR-CET) to reduce levels of alcohol craving and anxiety and prompt changes in AB toward alcohol content. Method: A 49-year-old male participated in this study, diagnosed with severe AUD, who also used tobacco and illicit substances on an occasional basis and who made several failed attempts to cease substance misuse. The protocol consisted of six VR-CET booster sessions and two assessment sessions (pre- and post-VR-CET) over the course of 5 weeks. The VR-CET program consisted of booster therapy sessions based on virtual reality (VR) exposure to preferred alcohol-related cues and contexts. The initial and final assessment sessions were focused on exploring AB, alcohol craving, and anxiety using paper-and-pencil instruments and the eye-tracking (ET) and VR technologies at different time points. Results: Pre and post assessment sessions indicated falls on the scores of all instruments assessing alcohol craving, anxiety, and AB. Conclusions: This case report, part of a larger project, demonstrates the effectiveness of the VR-CET booster sessions in AUD. In the post-treatment measurements, a variety of instruments showed a change in the AB pattern and an improvement in craving and anxiety responses. As a result of the systematic desensitization, virtual exposure gradually reduced the responses to significant alcohol-related cues and contexts. The implications for AB, anxiety and craving are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ghiţă
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jolanda Fernández-Ruiz
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Moreno
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Monras
- Addictive Behaviors Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluisa Ortega
- Addictive Behaviors Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Mondon
- Addictive Behaviors Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Teixidor
- Addictive Behaviors Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Gual
- Addictive Behaviors Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Bruno Porras-García
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ferrer-García
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
Flykt MS, Lindblom J, Belt R, Punamäki R. The role of mother's prenatal substance use disorder and early parenting on child social cognition at school age. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/icd.2221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Susanna Flykt
- Faculty of Social Sciences Tampere University Tampere Finland
- Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Jallu Lindblom
- Faculty of Social Sciences Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
128
|
Bhatraju E, Liebschutz JM, Lodi S, Forman LS, Lira MC, Kim TW, Colasanti J, Del Rio C, Samet JH, Tsui JI. Post-traumatic stress disorder and risky opioid use among persons living with HIV and chronic pain. AIDS Care 2021:1-8. [PMID: 33535800 PMCID: PMC8333265 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1876838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Persons with HIV (PWH) experience chronic pain and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) at higher rates than the general population, and more often receive opioid medications to treat chronic pain. A known association exists between PTSD and substance use disorders, but less is known about the relationship between PTSD and risky opioid use among PWH taking prescribed opioid medications. In this observational study of PWH on long-term opioid medications for pain we examined associations between PTSD symptom severity based on the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5, response range 0-80) and the following outcomes: 1) risk for opioid misuse (COMM score ≥13); 2) risky alcohol use (AUDIT score ≥8); 3) concurrent benzodiazepine prescription; and 4) morphine equivalent dose. Among 166 patients, 38 (23%) had a PCL-5 score over 38, indicating high PTSD symptom burden. Higher PCL-5 score (per 10 point difference) was associated with increased odds of opioid misuse (aOR 1.55; 95%CI: 1.31-1.83) and risky drinking (aOR: 1.28;1.07-1.52). No significant association was observed between PCL-5 score and benzodiazepine prescriptions or morphine equivalent dose. These findings suggest that when addressing alcohol and opioid use in PWH on long term opioid therapy, attention to PTSD symptoms is especially important given the higher risk for risky alcohol and opioid use among patients with this common comorbid condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elenore Bhatraju
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jane M Liebschutz
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Center for Research on Health Care, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sara Lodi
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leah S Forman
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center (BEDAC), Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marlene C Lira
- Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theresa W Kim
- Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Colasanti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carlos Del Rio
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Samet
- Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judith I Tsui
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Foldes-Busque G, Dionne CE, Turcotte S, Tully PJ, Tremblay MA, Poirier P, Denis I. Epidemiology and prognostic implications of panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in patients with coronary artery disease: rationale and design for a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:26. [PMID: 33435888 PMCID: PMC7801787 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety is associated with poorer prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Due to their severity and chronic course, anxiety disorders, particularly generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD), are of considerable interest and clinical importance in this population. This study has two main objectives: (1) to estimate the prevalence and incidence of GAD and PD in patients with CAD over a 2-year period and (2) to prospectively assess the association between PD or GAD and adverse cardiac events, treatment adherence, CAD-related health behaviors, quality of life and psychological distress. Design/Method This is a longitudinal cohort study in which 3610 participants will be recruited following a CAD-related revascularization procedure. They will complete an interview and questionnaires at 5 time points over a 2-year period (baseline and follow-ups after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months). The presence of PD or GAD, adherence to recommended treatments, health behaviors, quality of life and psychological distress will be assessed at each time point. Data regarding mortality and adverse cardiac events will be collected with a combination of interviews and review of medical files. Discussion This study will provide essential information on the prevalence and incidence of anxiety disorders in patients with CAD and on the consequences of these comorbidities. Such data is necessary in order to develop clear clinical recommendations for the management of PD and GAD in patients with CAD. This will help improve the prognosis of patients suffering from both conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Foldes-Busque
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, bureau 1018, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. .,Research Center of the Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux de Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, QC, Canada. .,Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Clermont E Dionne
- Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Turcotte
- Research Center of the Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux de Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, QC, Canada
| | - Phillip J Tully
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Marie-Andrée Tremblay
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, bureau 1018, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Research Center of the Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux de Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, QC, Canada
| | - Paul Poirier
- Research Center of the Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Québec, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Denis
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, bureau 1018, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Research Center of the Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux de Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Gecaite-Stonciene J, Steibliene V, Fineberg NA, Podlipskyte A, Bunevicius A, Liaugaudaite V, Juskiene A, Mickuviene N, Burkauskas J. Multidimensional Structure of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: Factorial Validity and Reliability in Patients With Anxiety and Mood Disorders in Lithuania. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:109-115. [PMID: 33191431 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The current study aimed to evaluate the factorial structure of the Lithuanian version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in patients with anxiety and mood disorders (AMD). METHODS The AUDIT was completed by 199 consecutive outpatients with AMD (21% men, mean age 39 ± 12 years), as defined by AMD criteria in DSM-5. The MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used for current diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected. RESULTS In patients with AMD, the AUDIT showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88) and good psychometric characteristics for identifying current AUD at a cut-off value of ≥9 (positive predictive value = 83.7%, sensitivity = 94.7%, specificity = 95.7%). The confirmatory factor analysis suggested a three-factor ('consumption', 'dependence' and 'related consequences') structure and indicated adequate fit to the model (comparative fit index = 0.966, normed fit index = 0.936, root mean square error of approximation = 0.072). CONCLUSIONS The findings are in line with increasing evidence suggesting that the AUDIT measures three separate factors related to alcohol misuse level of consumption, dependence and alcohol-related consequences and support the utility of AUDIT as a screening instrument for AUD in AMD patients in Lithuania.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Vesta Steibliene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Naomi Anne Fineberg
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Rosanne House, Welwyn Garden City AL8 6HG, UK.,University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.,Cambridge University School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Aurelija Podlipskyte
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Adomas Bunevicius
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Liaugaudaite
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Alicja Juskiene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Narseta Mickuviene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga LT-00135, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Bramness JG, Bye EK, Moan IS, Rossow I. Alcohol Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Self-Reported Changes and Motives for Change. Eur Addict Res 2021; 27:257-262. [PMID: 33839730 PMCID: PMC8089433 DOI: 10.1159/000515102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered a range of restrictive measures, which may have impacted alcohol consumption. OBJECTIVES We explored perceived changes in alcohol consumption, their association with sociodemographic characteristics and past year alcohol consumption, and self-reported reasons for change after CO-VID-19 restrictions in Norway. METHOD A web-based survey was sent to Norwegians aged 18 years and older in June-July 2020. Respondents reporting any past year alcohol use (n = 1,200) were asked whether they drank less, approximately the same, or more after the COVID-19 restrictions compared to before and reasons for drinking less or more. RESULTS Almost a third (29.9%) reported they drank less, whereas 13.3% reported they drank more. Females, younger respondents, and Oslo residents were more likely to report both less and more drinking (p values between 0.001 and 0.029). Past year alcohol use was associated with less drinking (OR = 0.93; p < 0.001) and more drinking (OR = 1.07; p < 0.001). More drinking was also associated with living with child(ren) (p = 0.023) and high educational level (p = 0.029). The most frequently reported reasons for drinking less pertained to fewer social occasions and less on-premise drinking, whereas reasons for drinking more pertained to treating oneself to something good and fewer consequences of drinking more. CONCLUSIONS After the COVID-19 restrictions were implemented, a substantial proportion of Norwegians changed their drinking behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen G. Bramness
- Department of Drug and Tobacco Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway,Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT − The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway,* Jørgen G. Bramness,
| | - Elin K. Bye
- Department of Drug and Tobacco Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Synnøve Moan
- Department of Drug and Tobacco Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Rossow
- Department of Drug and Tobacco Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Kohls E, Baldofski S, Moeller R, Klemm SL, Rummel-Kluge C. Mental Health, Social and Emotional Well-Being, and Perceived Burdens of University Students During COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Germany. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:643957. [PMID: 33889102 PMCID: PMC8055863 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.643957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting everyone's daily life in unknown measures since its outbreak. Nearly all Universities around the globe were affected. Further, young people and University students in particular, are known to be vulnerable for developing mental disorders. This study aims to examine the mental health social and emotional well-being and perceived burdens of University students during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Germany. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and anonymous online survey among University students assessed mental health status with standardized measures (depressive symptoms, alcohol and drug consumption, and eating disorder symptoms), attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic and perceived burdens, and social and emotional aspects of the pandemic (social support, perceived stress, loneliness, and self-efficacy). Results: In total, N = 3,382 German University students participated. Nearly half of the students (49%) reported that they are worried or very much worried about the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority supports the governmental lockdown measures (85%). A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) sum score of 10 or above, indicating clinically relevant depressive symptoms, was reported by 37% (n = 1,249). The PHQ-9 sum score was on average 8.66 (SD = 5.46). Suicidal thoughts were indicated by 14.5% of the participants. Levels of depressive symptoms differed significantly for the different self-rated income changes during the pandemic (increase, decrease, no change in income). Further, levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation differed significantly for students from different faculties. Multiple regression analyses revealed that not being a parent, having no indirect social contact one or two times a week, higher perceived stress, higher experienced loneliness, lower social support, and lower self-efficacy significantly predicted higher scores of depressive symptoms, also higher hazardous alcohol use, and higher levels of eating disorder symptoms. Other aspects of lifestyle such as social and cultural activities, dating, and hobbies were reported to be negatively affected during the pandemic. Conclusion: The present study implies that University students are vulnerable and due to elevated depressive symptoms at risk, being hit hard by the pandemic, but are in general coping adaptively. Low-threshold online interventions promoting help-seeking and also targeting various mental health conditions might bridge the gap the COVID-19 pandemic opened up recently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kohls
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Baldofski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Raiko Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah-Lena Klemm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine Rummel-Kluge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Sondermann W, Fiege O, Körber A, Scherbaum N. Psychological burden of psoriatic patients in a German university hospital dermatology department. J Dermatol 2020; 48:794-806. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Sondermann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Oliver Fiege
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical Faculty LVR‐Hospital Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | | | - Norbert Scherbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical Faculty LVR‐Hospital Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Iossa A, Ciccioriccio MC, Zerbinati C, Guida A, Di Giacomo L, Silecchia G. Alcohol ingestion symptoms after sleeve gastrectomy: intoxication or drunkenness? A prospective study from a Bariatric Centre of Excellence. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1719-1725. [PMID: 31721103 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this original research is to evaluate the effect of SG on alcohol intake symptoms, blood alcohol content (BAC), and alcohol metabolite levels. METHODS At 0-6-12 months after SG, BAC of patients was measured at 0, 15, 30, and 60 min, and then every 30 min, and urinary metabolite (ethanol and acetaldehyde) levels were measured 2 h after consuming a standard red wine drink. Symptoms perceived by patients were evaluated using symptom alcoholization post-obesity surgery scores. RESULTS Thirty obese patients (12 men/18 women; mean body mass index, 44 ± 4 kg/m2) who underwent SG were enrolled in this study. At 12 months after SG, no alcohol use disorder was observed and BAC tended to peak after 15 min, with alcohol intoxication symptoms (nausea/vomiting, flushing, and diaphoresis), and return to zero after 90 min of wine intake. Ethanol and acetaldehyde levels were significantly different at 12 months compared with the levels at time 0 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Following SG, patients exhibit a high BAC at 15 min after moderate alcohol consumption accompanied with increased metabolite excretion and intoxication symptoms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III obtained from well-designed cohort analytic study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Iossa
- Division of General Surgery and Bariatric Centre of Excellence, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Chiara Ciccioriccio
- Division of General Surgery and Bariatric Centre of Excellence, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Zerbinati
- Biochemistry, Researcher of Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Guida
- Division of General Surgery and Bariatric Centre of Excellence, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Liliana Di Giacomo
- Head of Clinical Pathology Department, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Silecchia
- Division of General Surgery and Bariatric Centre of Excellence, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Cherrier MM, Shireman LM, Wicklander K, Yeung W, Kooner P, Saxon AJ, Simpson T, Terman G, Shen D. Relationship of Phosphatidylethanol Biomarker to Self-Reported Alcohol Drinking Patterns in Older and Middle-Age Adults. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2449-2456. [PMID: 33038267 PMCID: PMC8476046 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risky alcohol consumption is on the rise among older adults. Biomarkers such as phosphatidylethanol (PEth) have been used to evaluate the correspondence between an objective, laboratory-based biomarker and self-report of alcohol consumption. This study examined the relationship between PEth, self-report of alcohol consumption, and health indices in a sample of community-dwelling older to middle-age adults (aged 35 to 89) with healthy and risky levels of alcohol consumption. METHODS Self-reports of alcohol consumption were collected using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Form 30. In addition, indices of health along with a blood sample to determine PEth values were collected (N = 183). RESULTS PEth was correlated with age, AUDIT-C, AUDIT total, alcohol consumption, mood, and liver function measures but not with medical comorbidity or body mass index (J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 73, 2018, 633). Alcohol consumption over the past 30 days measured with Form 30 was the strongest predictor of PEth levels for both middle-age and older adults, with age a small contributing predictor. General alcohol consumption patterns for amount of alcohol consumed over a 30-day period revealed middle-age adults consumed larger amounts of alcohol compared with older adults, but older adults consumed alcohol on more days than middle-age adults. Middle-age participants evidenced higher PEth levels than older adults at comparable drinking rates. CONCLUSIONS Overall, findings suggest a strong relationship between alcohol consumption and PEth levels with age a small but contributing factor to predicting PEth levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique M Cherrier
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (MMC, KW, WY, AJS, TS), School of Medicine University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Laura M Shireman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, (LMS, DS), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Katie Wicklander
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (MMC, KW, WY, AJS, TS), School of Medicine University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Winnie Yeung
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (MMC, KW, WY, AJS, TS), School of Medicine University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Preetma Kooner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, (PK, GT), School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Andrew J Saxon
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (MMC, KW, WY, AJS, TS), School of Medicine University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education VA Puget Sound Health Care System, (AJS, TS), Seattle, Washington
| | - Tracy Simpson
- From the, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, (MMC, KW, WY, AJS, TS), School of Medicine University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education VA Puget Sound Health Care System, (AJS, TS), Seattle, Washington
| | - Greg Terman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, (PK, GT), School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Danny Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, (LMS, DS), School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Addressing Alcohol Use in Pregnancy. Am J Nurs 2020; 120:22-24. [PMID: 32590587 DOI: 10.1097/01.naj.0000688188.28322.9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Screening and brief counseling interventions are evidence-based approaches.
Collapse
|
137
|
J Sargent L, Mackiewicz M, Roman Y, Diallo A, Russell S, Falls K, Zimmerman KM, Dixon DL, Prom-Wormley E, Hobgood S, Lageman SK, Zanjani F, Price ET. The Translational Approaches to Personalized Health Collaborative: Pharmacogenomics for African American Older Adults. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 14:437-444. [PMID: 33026148 PMCID: PMC7993264 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults (i.e., 60 years and older), are the leading consumers of medications, and consequently are suffering the most from medication‐related adverse events. Not only are older adults the largest consumers of medications, they are more likely to experience an adverse drug event contributing to increased hospitalization, utilization of emergency medical services, and mortality. Translational Approaches to Personalized Health (TAPH) is a transdisciplinary team of researchers conducting community‐engaged participatory research focused on the discovery and translation of pharmacogenomic (PGx) data to improve health outcomes. Underserved and ethnically diverse older adults living in urban settings are significantly under‐represented in PGx studies. To address the issue of under‐representation, our study enrolls older African American adults into a community‐based PGx study. Therefore, we will characterize the frequency of actionable PGx genotypes and identify novel PGx response genes in our cohort of older community dwelling African Americans. The translational component of our work is to use the PGx findings to improve therapeutic outcomes for medication management in older adults. Such findings will serve as a foundation for translational PGx studies aimed at improving medication efficacy and safety for older adults. In this article, we describe the process for launching the TAPH collaborative group, which includes the transdisciplinary team, community‐engaged participatory research model, study measures, and the evaluation of PGx genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lana J Sargent
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Program, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation (iCubed): Health and Wellness in Aging Populations Core, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Marissa Mackiewicz
- Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Program, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation (iCubed): Health and Wellness in Aging Populations Core, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Youssef Roman
- Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Program, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ana Diallo
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation (iCubed): Health and Wellness in Aging Populations Core, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sally Russell
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Katherine Falls
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kristin M Zimmerman
- Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Program, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Center for Pharmacy Practice Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Dave L Dixon
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Center for Pharmacy Practice Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabeth Prom-Wormley
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation (iCubed): Health and Wellness in Aging Populations Core, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sarah Hobgood
- School of Medicine, Department of Geriatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sarah K Lageman
- School of Medicine, Neuropsychology Program Director and Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Faika Zanjani
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation (iCubed): Health and Wellness in Aging Populations Core, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Gerontology, College of Health Professions, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Elvin T Price
- Geriatric Pharmacotherapy Program, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation (iCubed): Health and Wellness in Aging Populations Core, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Babor TF, Rush B, Tremblay J. Needs-Based Planning for Substance Use Treatment Systems: Progress, Prospects, and the Search for a New Perspective. J Stud Alcohol Drugs Suppl 2020. [PMID: 30681960 PMCID: PMC6377025 DOI: 10.15288/jsads.2019.s18.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The articles presented in this issue of the Journal of Studies on
Alcohol and Drugs (Supplement No. 18) describe the rapid
improvements over the past decade in methods, theories, and data systems
used for needs-based planning of addiction treatment services. In this
concluding essay, the editors describe the progress, prospects, and
implications of this new wave of research. It is concluded that these
developments can be used to maximize the impact of treatment services at the
population level. Les articles dans ce Supplément, décrivent les améliorations
rapides ayant eu lieu au cours de la dernière décennie quant aux
méthodes, théories et systèmes de données qui sont
utilisés pour la planification des services de traitement de la
dépendance en s’appuyant sur les besoins populationnels. Dans
cet essai de conclusion, les éditeurs décrivent les progrès,
les perspectives et les implications de cette nouvelle vague de travaux de
recherche. Il est conclu que ces développements peuvent être
utilisés afin de maximiser l’impact des services au plan
populationnel. Los documentos presentados en este Suplemento describen las rápidas
mejoras en la última década en métodos, teorías y
sistemas de datos utilizados para la planificación basada en las
necesidades de servicios de tratamiento de adicciones. En este ensayo final,
los editores describen los avances, perspectivas e implicaciones de esta
nueva ola de investigación. Se concluye que estos desarrollos se pueden
utilizar para maximizar el impacto de los servicios de tratamiento a nivel
de la población.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Babor
- Department of Community Medicine & Health Care, UCONN Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Brian Rush
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joël Tremblay
- Département de psychoeducation, UQTR/Centre universitaire de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Lancaster KE, Hetrick A, Sripaipan T, Ha TV, Hutton HE, Chander G, Latkin CA, Dowdy D, Frangakis C, Quynh BX, Go VF. Alcohol abstinence stigma and alcohol use among HIV patients in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239330. [PMID: 32997688 PMCID: PMC7526924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hazardous alcohol use is prevalent among people living with HIV (PWH), leading to sub-optimal HIV treatment outcomes. In Vietnam, alcohol use is highly normative making it socially challenging for PWH to reduce or abstain. We used mixed methods to develop a quantitative scale to assess alcohol abstinence stigma and examined the association between alcohol abstinence stigma with alcohol use among PWH in Vietnam. Methods We conducted qualitative interviews with 30 PWH with hazardous alcohol use from an antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic in the Thai Nguyen to inform item development. Alcohol use was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. We tested items in a survey of 1,559 ART clinic patients to assess internal consistency and structural validity. We used log binomial modeling to estimate associations between any reported alcohol abstinence stigma and alcohol use. Results Using the results from the qualitative interview data, we developed the alcohol abstinence stigma scale with seven final items with scores ranging from 0 (no stigma) to 28 (high stigma). The scale had good internal consistency (α = 0.75). Exploratory factor analysis suggested the presence of three factors: internalized, experienced, and anticipated stigma that explained 56.9% of the total variance. The mean score was 2.74, (SD = 4.28) and 46% reported any alcohol abstinence stigma. We observed a dose-response relationship between alcohol abstinence stigma and alcohol use. PWH who reported any alcohol abstinence stigma had greater hazardous alcohol use (aPR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.56), harmful alcohol use (aPR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.37, 3.72), and dependence symptoms (aPR = 3.81, 95% CI: 2.19, 6.64). Conclusion Alcohol abstinence stigma is associated with increased alcohol levels of alcohol use among PWH in Vietnam, signaling challenges for alcohol reduction. Consideration of alcohol abstinence stigma will be essential for the design of effective alcohol reduction interventions and policy efforts to prevent adverse health consequences of alcohol use among PWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Lancaster
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Angela Hetrick
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Teerada Sripaipan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Tran Viet Ha
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Heidi E. Hutton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Geetanjali Chander
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carl A. Latkin
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Dowdy
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Constantine Frangakis
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bui Xuan Quynh
- The University of North Carolina Project in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vivian F. Go
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Villarosa-Hurlocker MC, Schutts JW, Madson MB, Jordan HR, Whitley RB, Mohn RC. Screening for alcohol use disorders in college student drinkers with the AUDIT and the USAUDIT: a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2020; 46:531-545. [PMID: 32175778 PMCID: PMC7492430 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2020.1712410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and its consumption subscale (AUDIT-C) are international gold standard screeners for identifying at-risk drinkers. Items have been modified to reflect United States low-risk drinking guidelines in the USAUDIT and USAUDIT-C, which also perform well in identifying at-risk drinkers. The USAUDIT may also be used to screen for potential AUD, an important first step to identify individuals needing diagnostic testing and treatment referrals. Objectives: The present study sought to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of each measure in predicting potential AUDs via diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition in a college sample. Methods: Participants were 382 college student drinkers (Mage = 20.2, SD = 1.5; 68.7% female) who completed online surveys assessing alcohol use, at-risk drinking, and AUD symptom endorsement. Receiver operating curves provide optimal cutoff scores for each measure in overall, male, and female samples. Results: Results indicated the AUDIT and USAUDIT are equally superior in detecting potential AUD in the current sample. Recommended cutoff scores for detecting likely AUD with the USAUDIT are 12 for males (sensitivity = 62.0%, specificity = 86.6%) and 8 for females (sensitivity = 65.3%, specificity = 87.7%). Conclusions: Whereas prior work supports the USAUDIT-C in detecting at-risk drinking, the current study supports the AUDIT and USAUDIT in detecting potential AUD. Based on prior work, and in an effort to be consistent with standard US drinking guidelines, we recommend using the USAUDIT in screening and brief interventions across college campuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua W. Schutts
- College of Education and Professional Studies, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, USA
| | - Michael B. Madson
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Hallie R. Jordan
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Robert B. Whitley
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Richard C. Mohn
- School of Education, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Staudt A, Freyer‐Adam J, John U, Meyer C, Baumann S. Stability of At‐risk Alcohol Use Screening Results in a General Population Sample. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1312-1320. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Staudt
- Section Social Medicine and Prevention (AS, UJ, CM, SB) Institute for Community Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) (AS, JF‐A, UJ, CM, SB) Greifswald Germany
- Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine (AS, SB) Faculty of Medicine Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Jennis Freyer‐Adam
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) (AS, JF‐A, UJ, CM, SB) Greifswald Germany
- Institute for Medical Psychology (JF‐A) University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
| | - Ulrich John
- Section Social Medicine and Prevention (AS, UJ, CM, SB) Institute for Community Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) (AS, JF‐A, UJ, CM, SB) Greifswald Germany
| | - Christian Meyer
- Section Social Medicine and Prevention (AS, UJ, CM, SB) Institute for Community Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) (AS, JF‐A, UJ, CM, SB) Greifswald Germany
| | - Sophie Baumann
- Section Social Medicine and Prevention (AS, UJ, CM, SB) Institute for Community Medicine University Medicine Greifswald Greifswald Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) (AS, JF‐A, UJ, CM, SB) Greifswald Germany
- Institute and Policlinic for Occupational and Social Medicine (AS, SB) Faculty of Medicine Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Kvillemo P, Strandberg AK, Gripenberg J, Berman AH, Skoglund C, Elgán TH. Effects of an automated digital brief prevention intervention targeting adolescents and young adults with risky alcohol and other substance use: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034894. [PMID: 32404390 PMCID: PMC7228518 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescence and young adulthood is a period in life when individuals may be especially vulnerable to harmful substance use. Several critical developmental processes are occurring in the brain, and substance use poses both short-term and long-term risks with regard to mental health and social development. From a public health perspective, it is important to prevent or delay substance use to reduce individual risk and societal costs. Given the scarcity of effective interventions targeting substance use among adolescents and young adults, cost-effective and easily disseminated interventions are warranted. The current study will test the effectiveness of a fully automated digital brief intervention aimed at reducing alcohol and other substance use in adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 25 years. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A two-arm, double-blind, randomised controlled trial design is applied to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Baseline assessment, as well as 3-month and 6-month follow-up, will be carried out. The aim is to include 800 participants with risky substance use based on the screening tool CRAFFT (Car,Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble). Recruitment, informed consent, randomisation, intervention and follow-up will be implemented online. The primary outcome is reduction in alcohol use, measured by Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test total score. Secondary outcomes concern binge drinking, frequency of alcohol consumption, amount of alcohol consumed a typical day when alcohol is consumed, average daily drinks per typical week, other substance use, mental health, sexual risk behaviours and perceived peer pressure. Moreover, the study involves analyses of potential moderators including perfectionism, openness to parents, help-seeking and background variables. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (no. 2019-03249). The trial is expected to expand the knowledge on digital preventive interventions for substance using adolescents and young adults. Results will be disseminated in research journals, at conferences and via the media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER 24 September 2019, ISRCTN91048246; Pre-results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pia Kvillemo
- STAD (Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna K Strandberg
- STAD (Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Gripenberg
- STAD (Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne H Berman
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Skoglund
- STAD (Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tobias H Elgán
- STAD (Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Flanagan JC, Leone RM, Gilmore AK, McClure EA, Gray KM. Association of Cannabis Use With Intimate Partner Violence Among Couples With Substance Misuse. Am J Addict 2020; 29:323-330. [PMID: 32219903 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is a well-established causal link between substance use and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and victimization. However, little is known about the complex emerging relationship between cannabis use and IPV. Because cannabis is the most commonly used drug in the United States and is associated with numerous IPV risk factors such as alcohol use, it is important to examine this relationship in greater detail. METHOD The current exploratory study examined the association between (a) self-reported cannabis use during the past 90 days and (b) Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) urine drug screens and IPV perpetration and victimization in a sample of 30 alcohol or drug-misusing community couples (N = 60 individual participants). RESULTS The majority of participants (n = 50 individuals, 83.3%) had concordant cannabis self-reported and urine drug screen results. After accounting for demographic variables and quantity and frequency of alcohol and stimulant use, greater quantity and frequency of cannabis use as well as positive THC urine drug screen results were associated with greater physical IPV victimization, and greater quantity and frequency of cannabis were associated with greater IPV psychological victimization and perpetration, and physical IPV victimization. CONCLUSION AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Findings emphasize the unique and important role that cannabis plays in the occurrence of IPV among intact couples. Findings also underscore the feasibility and utility of integrating confirmatory biological samples into future studies on this topic in order to advance the science in this area. (Am J Addict 2020;00:00-00).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianne C Flanagan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Ruschelle M Leone
- Department of Health Policy & Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Mark Chaffin Center for Healthy Development, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amanda K Gilmore
- Department of Health Policy & Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Mark Chaffin Center for Healthy Development, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Erin A McClure
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kevin M Gray
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Rugo KF, Tabares JV, Crowell SE, Baucom BR, Rudd MD, Bryan CJ. The role of depression and suicidal cognitions as contributors to suicide risk among active duty soldiers reporting symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:333-341. [PMID: 32090757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Military suicide rates have risen across all service branches, with the overall rate surpassing that of the general population for the first time in history in 2008. Service members with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at a substantially higher risk for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and death by suicide than their peers without PTSD. While the link between PTSD and suicide is well established in the literature, less is known about the precise nature of that connection. Several constructs have been implicated as potential mediators of this relation, such as depression, alcohol use, suicidal cognitions, and sleep disturbance. Yet, to our knowledge, these constructs have never been examined simultaneously in a single model to determine mediational influence for suicide risk among soldiers with PTSD. METHODS A sample of 172 active duty Army soldiers completed a series of measures targeting the aforementioned constructs. Data were analyzed using mediation model analyses. RESULTS Suicidal cognitions fully mediated the relation between PTSD symptoms and current suicide risk severity. The indirect effect for suicidal cognitions was significantly larger than indirect effects for alcohol use, depression, and sleep disturbance. Exploratory analyses suggest serial mediation of the relation between PTSD and current suicide risk by depression and suicidal cognitions. LIMITATIONS These results should be interpreted within the context of study limitations, to include use of self-report data and inability to firmly establish temporal sequencing assumed in mediation. CONCLUSIONS Implications of this study include the improvement of suicide risk assessment and individualized treatment planning for suicidal military personnel with PTSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsi F Rugo
- National Center for Veterans Studies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Jeffrey V Tabares
- National Center for Veterans Studies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sheila E Crowell
- Department of Psychology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Brian R Baucom
- Department of Psychology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - M David Rudd
- National Center for Veterans Studies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Craig J Bryan
- National Center for Veterans Studies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
O'Halloran L, Rueda‐Delgado LM, Jollans L, Cao Z, Boyle R, Vaughan C, Coey P, Whelan R. Inhibitory-control event-related potentials correlate with individual differences in alcohol use. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12729. [PMID: 30919532 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct that is related to different aspects of alcohol use, abuse, and dependence. Inhibitory control, one facet of impulsivity, can be assayed using the stop-signal task (SST) and quantified behaviorally via the stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) and electrophysiologically using event-related potentials (ERPs). Research on the relationship between alcohol use and SSRTs, and between alcohol use and inhibitory-control ERPs, is mixed. Here, adult alcohol users (n = 79), with a wide range of scores on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), completed the SST under electroencephalography (EEG) (70% of participants had AUDIT total scores greater than or equal to 8). Other measures, including demographic, self-report, and task-based measures of impulsivity, personality, and psychological factors, were also recorded. A machine-learning method with penalized linear regression was used to correlate individual differences in alcohol use with impulsivity measures. Four separate models were tested, with out-of-sample validation used to quantify performance. ERPs alone statistically predicted alcohol use (cross-validated r = 0.28), with both early and late ERP components contributing to the model (larger N2, but smaller P3, amplitude). Behavioral data from a wide range of impulsivity measures were also associated with alcohol use (r = 0.37). SSRT was a relatively weak statistical predictor, whereas the Stroop interference effect was relatively strong. The addition of nonimpulsivity behavioral measures did not improve the correlation (r = 0.34) and was similar when ERPs were combined with non-ERP data (r = 0.29). These findings show that inhibitory control ERPs are robustly correlated individual differences in alcohol use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lee Jollans
- School of PsychologyTrinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- School of PsychologyTrinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Rory Boyle
- School of PsychologyTrinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | | | - Phillip Coey
- School of PsychologyTrinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of PsychologyTrinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- Global Brain Health InstituteTrinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Hohenschurz-Schmidt DJ, Calcagnini G, Dipasquale O, Jackson JB, Medina S, O'Daly O, O'Muircheartaigh J, de Lara Rubio A, Williams SCR, McMahon SB, Makovac E, Howard MA. Linking Pain Sensation to the Autonomic Nervous System: The Role of the Anterior Cingulate and Periaqueductal Gray Resting-State Networks. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:147. [PMID: 33041747 PMCID: PMC7527240 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There are bi-directional interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and pain. This is likely underpinned by a substantial overlap between brain areas of the central autonomic network and areas involved in pain processing and modulation. To date, however, relatively little is known about the neuronal substrates of the ANS-pain association. Here, we acquired resting state fMRI scans in 21 healthy subjects at rest and during tonic noxious cold stimulation. As indicators of autonomic function, we examined how heart rate variability (HRV) frequency measures were influenced by tonic noxious stimulation and how these variables related to participants’ pain perception and to brain functional connectivity in regions known to play a role in both ANS regulation and pain perception, namely the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and periaqueductal gray (PAG). Our findings support a role of the cardiac ANS in brain connectivity during pain, linking functional connections of the dACC and PAG with measurements of low frequency (LF)-HRV. In particular, we identified a three-way relationship between the ANS, cortical brain networks known to underpin pain processing, and participants’ subjectively reported pain experiences. LF-HRV both at rest and during pain correlated with functional connectivity between the seed regions and other cortical areas including the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), left anterior insula (AI), and the precuneus. Our findings link cardiovascular autonomic parameters to brain activity changes involved in the elaboration of nociceptive information, thus beginning to elucidate underlying brain mechanisms associated with the reciprocal relationship between autonomic and pain-related systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Johannes Hohenschurz-Schmidt
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Calcagnini
- Department of Technology and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Ottavia Dipasquale
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jade B Jackson
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Medina
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Owen O'Daly
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Stephen B McMahon
- Department of Technology and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Makovac
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Technology and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Matthew A Howard
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Thorisdottir AS, Mason JE, Vig K, Asmundson GJG. Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in a Sample of Military Veterans with and without PTSD. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:1370-1377. [PMID: 32253964 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1744656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was developed as a screening tool for problematic alcohol use and an intervention framework to aid those who drink excessively. While the AUDIT is widely used with at-risk populations, such as military veterans, major gaps exist in the research literature regarding the construct validity of the AUDIT in military samples. Objectives: This study assessed the factor structure and measurement invariance of the AUDIT in a large sample of Canadian military veterans (N = 1669; 94.94% male). Methods: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted using a random subsample (n = 825) to assess the underlying factor structure of the AUDIT. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), using the second subsample (n = 844), was used to cross-validate the factor structure revealed by EFA and compare it to other model variants. Finally, multigroup CFAs were conducted using the whole sample to further cross-validate the factor structure and examine measurement invariance in military veterans with and without clinical elevations in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Results: Factor analyses revealed that a modified two-factor model provided a statistically better fit to the data compared to all other model variants; yet, the results did not confirm measurement invariance across military veterans with and without clinically significant symptoms of PTSD. Conclusions/Importance: The findings are in line with increasing evidence suggesting that two subscale scores should be calculated for the AUDIT. Results further suggest that care should be taken in interpreting AUDIT scores when PTSD symptoms are present for military veterans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia E Mason
- Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kelsey Vig
- Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
148
|
Sundström C, Schell C, Wardell JD, Godinho A, Cunningham JA. Can Brief Email Guidance Enhance the Effects of an Internet Intervention for People with Problematic Alcohol Use? A Randomized Controlled Trial. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:2011-2019. [PMID: 32662699 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1788087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Some research suggests that internet interventions aimed at people with problematic alcohol use are more effective when provided with guidance from a therapist or coach. Purpose/Objectives: This trial intended to compare the effects of a previously evaluated internet intervention for people with problematic alcohol use when delivered with or without brief email guidance. Methods: Using online advertising, 238 participants, 18 years or older, were recruited and randomized to receive access to the Internet intervention Alcohol Help Center with or without brief email guidance from a health educator. The guidance consisted of at least four structured, slightly individualized emails delivered during the first two weeks after randomization. Participants were followed up at 3 and 6 months. Results: Number of log-ins did not differ significantly between groups throughout the follow-up period. The follow-up rate at 6 months was 47.0%. Generalized estimating equations run on the primary (standard drinks in preceding week/heavy drinking days in preceding week) and secondary outcome variables (AUDIT, AUDIT-C, quality of life) revealed no significant differences between the interventions on any of the outcomes. Conclusions/Importance: The study does not provide support for any added benefits of providing brief guidance via email in an internet intervention for problem drinkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sundström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - C Schell
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - J D Wardell
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Godinho
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Canada
| | - J A Cunningham
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Lemoine PG, Whitley RB, Jordan HR, Madson MB. College Alcohol Beliefs and Alcohol Outcomes: The Mediating Effects of Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:2389-2394. [PMID: 32924731 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1817085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the mediating role of alcohol protective behavioral strategies (i.e. serious harm reduction [PBS-SHR], manner of drinking [PBS-MOD], stopping/limiting drinking [PBS-SLD]) on the relationships between college alcohol beliefs and alcohol outcomes (i.e. hazardous drinking and alcohol-related negative consequences) in an attempt to replicate recent findings in the early stages of college alcohol belief and PBS research. Methods: Participants were 625 traditional age undergraduate college students (M = 19.00, SD = 1.72; 63.7% White; 80.7% female) recruited from a southeastern United States university who reported past 30-day alcohol consumption. All participants completed measures of college alcohol beliefs, alcohol PBS use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol-related negative consequences through an online survey. Results: Higher college alcohol beliefs were associated with greater hazardous drinking and alcohol-related negative consequences. Further, PBS-MOD mediated the positive relationship college alcohol beliefs had with hazardous drinking, such that higher college alcohol beliefs predicted less PBS-MOD use which was associated with greater hazardous drinking. Discussion: These findings provide further evidence to support previous findings highlighting the additional protective value of certain alcohol PBS especially for college students with high college alcohol beliefs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Promise G Lemoine
- School of Psychology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Robert B Whitley
- School of Psychology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Hallie R Jordan
- School of Psychology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Michael B Madson
- School of Psychology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Moehring A, Rumpf HJ, Hapke U, Bischof G, John U, Meyer C. Context matters: On the importance of context-specific analysis for the use of screening questionnaires. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 205:107663. [PMID: 31706252 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Moehring
- University Medicine Greifswald, Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Hans-Juergen Rumpf
- University of Luebeck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ulfert Hapke
- Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Mental Health Unit, D-13302, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gallus Bischof
- University of Luebeck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ulrich John
- University Medicine Greifswald, Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Meyer
- University Medicine Greifswald, Institute for Community Medicine, Department of Social Medicine and Prevention, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, D-17475, Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|