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Cai X, Yi P, Chen X, Wu J, Lan G, Li S, Luo S, Huang F, Huang J, Shen P. Intake of compound probiotics accelerates the construction of immune function and gut microbiome in Holstein calves. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0190923. [PMID: 38651859 PMCID: PMC11237676 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01909-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acquired immunity is an important way to construct the intestinal immune barrier in mammals, which is almost dependent on suckling. To develop a new strategy for accelerating the construction of gut microbiome, newborn Holstein calves were continuously fed with 40 mL of compound probiotics (containing Lactobacillus plantarum T-14, Enterococcus faecium T-11, Saccharomyces cerevisiae T-209, and Bacillus licheniformis T-231) per day for 60 days. Through diarrhea rate monitoring, immune index testing, antioxidant capacity detection, and metagenome sequencing, the changes in diarrhea incidence, average daily gain, immune index, and gut microbiome of newborn calves within 60 days were investigated. Results indicated that feeding the compound probiotics reduced the average diarrhea rate of calves by 42.90%, increased the average daily gain by 43.40%, raised the antioxidant indexes of catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and Glutathione peroxidase by 22.81%, 6.49%, 8.33%, and 13.67%, respectively, and increased the immune indexes of IgA, IgG, and IgM by 10.44%, 4.85%, and 6.12%, respectively. Moreover, metagenome sequencing data showed that feeding the compound probiotics increased the abundance of beneficial strains (e.g., Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus massionigeriensis) and decreased the abundance of some harmful strains (e.g., Escherichia sp. MOD1-EC5189 and Mycobacterium brisbane) in the gut microbiome of calves, thus contributing to accelerating the construction of healthy gut microbiome in newborn Holstein calves. IMPORTANCE The unstable gut microbiome and incomplete intestinal function of newborn calves are important factors for the high incidence of early diarrhea. This study presents an effective strategy to improve the overall immunity and gut microbiome in calves and provides new insights into the application of compound probiotics in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-refinery, Guangxi Research Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ping Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuewen Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi UBIT Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanning, China
| | - Junhua Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-refinery, Guangxi Research Center for Biological Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ganqiu Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shijian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shasha Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fengdie Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinrong Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Peihong Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Chen X, Hu G, Ning D, Wang D. Exploring gut microbiota's role in rheumatic valve disease: insights from a Mendelian randomization study and mediation analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362753. [PMID: 38895120 PMCID: PMC11183100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Investigating the relationship between gut microbiota and Rheumatic Valve Disease (RVD) is crucial for understanding the disease's etiology and developing effective interventions. Our study adopts a novel approach to examine the potential causal connections between these factors. Methods Utilizing a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework, we incorporated a multi-variable MR (MVMR) strategy to assess the mediatory mechanisms involved. This approach involved analyzing data from the MiBioGen consortium for gut microbiota and the FinnGen for RVD, among other sources. Instrumental variables (IVs) were carefully selected based on rigorous MR principles, and statistical analysis was conducted using bidirectional two-sample MR, such as inverse variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger regression and MR Steiger Test methods. The MR-PRESSO strategy was employed for outlier detection, and MVMR was used to untangle the complex relationships between multiple microbiota and RVD. Results Our analysis highlighted several gut microbiota classes and families with potential protective effects against RVD, including Lentisphaerae, Alphaproteobacteria, and Streptococcaceae. In contrast, certain genera, such as Eubacterium eligens and Odoribacter, were identified as potential risk factors. The MVMR analysis revealed significant mediation effects of various immune cell traits and biomarkers, such as CD4-CD8- T cells, CD3 on Terminally Differentiated CD8+ T cell and Pentraxin-related protein PTX, elucidating the complex pathways linking gut microbiota to RVD. Conclusion This study underscores the intricate and potentially causal relationship between gut microbiota and RVD, mediated through a range of immune and hormonal factors. The use of MVMR in our methodological approach provides a more comprehensive understanding of these interactions, highlighting the gut microbiota's potential as therapeutic targets in RVD management. Our findings pave the way for further research to explore these complex relationships and develop targeted interventions for RVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Chen
- The Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangwen Hu
- The Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Ning
- Department of Physiology, Human Biology Building, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland (NUI), Galway, Ireland
| | - Daxin Wang
- The Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University (Taizhou People's Hospital), Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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Mao Y, Kong C, Zang T, You L, Wang L, Shen L, Ge J. Impact of the gut microbiome on atherosclerosis. MLIFE 2024; 3:167-175. [PMID: 38948150 PMCID: PMC11211673 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory metabolic disease with a complex pathogenesis. However, the exact details of its pathogenesis are still unclear, which limits effective clinical treatment of atherosclerosis. Recently, multiple studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis. This review discusses possible treatments for atherosclerosis using the gut microbiome as an intervention target and summarizes the role of the gut microbiome and its metabolites in the development of atherosclerosis. New strategies for the treatment of atherosclerosis are needed. This review provides clues for further research on the mechanisms of the relationship between the gut microbiota and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghaiChina
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chao Kong
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tongtong Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lingsen You
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Li‐Shun Wang
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jun‐Bo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional MedicineShanghaiChina
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104
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Fabi JP. The connection between gut microbiota and its metabolites with neurodegenerative diseases in humans. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:967-984. [PMID: 38848023 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01369-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The aging of populations is a global phenomenon that follows a possible increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Huntington's diseases are some neurodegenerative disorders that aging could initiate or aggravate. Recent research has indicated that intestinal microbiota dysbiosis can trigger metabolism and brain functioning, contributing to the etiopathogenesis of those neurodegenerative diseases. The intestinal microbiota and its metabolites show significant functions in various aspects, such as the immune system modulation (development and maturation), the maintenance of the intestinal barrier integrity, the modulation of neuromuscular functions in the intestine, and the facilitation of essential metabolic processes for both the microbiota and humans. The primary evidence supporting the connection between intestinal microbiota and its metabolites with neurodegenerative diseases are epidemiological observations and animal models experimentation. This paper reviews up-to-date evidence on the correlation between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and neurodegenerative diseases, with a specially focus on gut metabolites. Dysbiosis can increase inflammatory cytokines and bacterial metabolites, altering intestinal and blood-brain barrier permeability and causing neuroinflammation, thus facilitating the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical data supporting this evidence still needs to be improved. Most of the works found are descriptive and associated with the presence of phyla or species of bacteria with neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the limitations of recent research, the potential for elucidating clinical questions that have thus far eluded clarification within prevailing pathophysiological frameworks of health and disease is promising through investigation of the interplay between the host and microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508000, SP, Brazil.
- Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508080, SP, Brazil.
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, 05508080, SP, Brazil.
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105
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Guan Y, Wu D, Wang H, Liu N. Microbiome-driven anticancer therapy: A step forward from natural products. MLIFE 2024; 3:219-230. [PMID: 38948147 PMCID: PMC11211674 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Human microbiomes, considered as a new emerging and enabling cancer hallmark, are increasingly recognized as critical effectors in cancer development and progression. Manipulation of microbiome revitalizing anticancer therapy from natural products shows promise toward improving cancer outcomes. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the human microbiome-driven molecular mechanisms impacting cancer progression and anticancer therapy. We highlight the potential translational and clinical implications of natural products for cancer prevention and treatment by developing targeted therapeutic strategies as adjuvants for chemotherapy and immunotherapy against tumorigenesis. The challenges and opportunities for future investigations using modulation of the microbiome for cancer treatment are further discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single‐Cell Omics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single‐Cell Omics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single‐Cell Omics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ning‐Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single‐Cell Omics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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106
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Huang CT, Wang LK, Lue JH, Chen SH, Tsai YJ. Lactobacillus Plantarum intake mitigates neuropathic pain behavior via enhancing macrophage M2 polarization in a rat model of peripheral neuropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116769. [PMID: 38776678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1-polarized) play a crucial role in neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain following nerve injury. Redirecting macrophage polarization toward anti-inflammatory (M2-polarized) phenotypes offers a promising therapeutic strategy. Recognized for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, probiotics are becoming a focal point of research. This study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on macrophage polarization, nerve protection, and neuropathic pain behavior following chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the median nerve. Rats received daily oral doses of L. plantarum for 28 days before and 14 days after CCI. Subsequently, behavioral and electrophysiological assessments were performed. The M1 marker CD86 levels, M2 marker CD206 levels, and concentrations of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the injured median nerve were assessed. L. plantarum administration effectively reduced neuropathic pain behavior and the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio after CCI. Moreover, L. plantarum treatment increased serum short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels, preserved myelination of the injured median nerve, and suppressed injury-induced discharges. In CCI rats treated with L. plantarum, there was a reduction in CD86 and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, accompanied by an increase in CD206 and the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, receptors for anti-inflammatory cytokines were localized on Schwann cells, and their expression was significantly upregulated in the injured nerves of CCI rats receiving L. plantarum. In conclusion, L. plantarum shifts macrophage phenotypes from M1 to M2 by promoting the production of SCFAs and enhancing the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Ultimately, this process preserves nerve fiber integrity and impedes the onset of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ta Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Kai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - June-Horng Lue
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Seu-Hwa Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ju Tsai
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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107
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Wang K, Duan F, Sun T, Zhang Y, Lu L. Galactooligosaccharides: Synthesis, metabolism, bioactivities and food applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024; 64:6160-6176. [PMID: 36632761 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2164244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Prebiotics are non-digestible ingredients that exert significant health-promoting effects on hosts. Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) have remarkable prebiotic effects and structural similarity to human milk oligosaccharides. They generally comprise two to eight sugar units, including galactose and glucose, which are synthesized from substrate lactose by microbial β-galactosidase. Enzyme sources from probiotics have received particular interest because of their safety and potential to synthesize specific structures that are particularly metabolized by intestinal probiotics. Owing to advancements in modern analytical techniques, many GOS structures have been identified, which vary in degree of polymerization, glycosidic linkage, and branch location. After intake, GOS adjust gut microbiota which produce short chain fatty acids, and exhibit excellent biological activities. They selectively stimulate the proliferation of probiotics, inhibit the growth and adhesion of pathogenic bacteria, alleviate gastrointestinal, neurological, metabolic and allergic diseases, modulate metabolites production, and adjust ion storage and absorption. Additionally, GOS are safe and stable, with high solubility and clean taste, and thus are widely used as food additives. GOS can improve the appearance, flavor, taste, texture, viscosity, rheological properties, shelf life, and health benefits of food products. This review systemically covers GOS synthesis, structure identifications, metabolism mechanisms, prebiotic bioactivities and wide applications, focusing on recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feiyu Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tong Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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108
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Xia T, He W, Luo Z, Wang K, Tan X. Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids-induced activation of the GLP-1/GLP-1R/cAMP/PKA/CREB/INS pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132256. [PMID: 38729481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota variances reflecting the severity type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABP) can regulate gut microbiota. However, the hypoglycemic effect and underlying mechanism of ABP remain unclear. Herein, we characterized the structure of ABP and revealed the hypoglycemic effect of ABP in mice with T2DM. ABP repaired the intestinal barrier in T2DM mice and regulated the composition and abundance of gut microbiota, especially increasing bacteria which producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), then increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level. The abundance of these bacteria was positively correlated with blood lipid and INS levels, negatively correlated with FBG levels. Colon transcriptome data and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the alleviating T2DM effect of ABP was related to activation of the GLP-1/GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)/INS pathway. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) confirmed the transmissible efficacy of ABP through gut microbiota. Overall, our research shows that ABP plays a hypoglycemic role by increasing gut microbiota-derived SCFAs levels, and activating the GLP-1/GLP-1R/cAMP/PKA/CREB/INS pathway, emphasizing ABP as promising T2DM therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Wen He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zhenye Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Ferraro F, Sonnleitner L, Neut C, Mahieux S, Verin J, Siepmann J, Siepmann F. Colon targeting in rats, dogs and IBD patients with species-independent film coatings. Int J Pharm X 2024; 7:100233. [PMID: 38379554 PMCID: PMC10876578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides were identified, which allow for colon targeting in human Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients, as well as in rats and dogs (which are frequently used as animals in preclinical studies). The polysaccharides are degraded by colonic enzymes (secreted by bacteria), triggering the onset of drug release at the target site. It has to be pointed out that the microbiota in rats, dogs and humans substantially differ. Thus, the performance of this type of colon targeting system observed in animals might not be predictive for patients. The aim of this study was to limit this risk. Different polysaccharides were exposed to culture medium inoculated with fecal samples from IBD patients, healthy dogs and "IBD rats" (in which colonic inflammation was induced). Dynamic changes in the pH of the culture medium were used as an indicator for the proliferation of the bacteria and, thus, the potential of the polysaccharides to serve as their substrate. Fundamental differences were observed with respect to the extent of the pH variations as well as their species-dependency. The most promising polysaccharides were used to prepare polymeric film coatings surrounding 5-aminosaliciylic acid (5-ASA)-loaded starter cores. To limit premature polysaccharide dissolution/swelling in the upper gastro intestinal tract, ethylcellulose was also included in the film coatings. Drug release was monitored upon exposure to culture medium inoculated with fecal samples from IBD patients, healthy dogs and "IBD rats". For reasons of comparison, also 5-ASA release in pure culture medium was measured. Most film coatings showed highly species-dependent drug release kinetics or limited colon targeting capacity. Interestingly, extracts from aloe vera and reishi (a mushroom) showed a promising potential for colon targeting in all species.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Ferraro
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - C. Neut
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - S. Mahieux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - J. Verin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - J. Siepmann
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - F. Siepmann
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France
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Li J, Cao L, Ji J, Shen M, Gao J. Modulation of Human Gut Microbiota In Vitro by Inulin-Type Fructan from Codonopsis pilosula Roots. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:520-528. [PMID: 39010985 PMCID: PMC11246320 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inulin-type fructan (ITF) defined as a polydisperse carbohydrate consisting mainly of β-(2-1) fructosyl-fructose links exerts potential prebiotics properties by selectively stimulating the growth of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. This study reported the modulation of human gut microbiota in vitro by ITF from Codonopsis pilosula roots using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The microbiota community structure analysis at genus levels showed that 50 mg/mL ITF significantly stimulated the growth of Prevotella and Faecalibacterium. LEfSe analysis showed that ITF at 25 and 50 mg/mL primarily increased the relative abundance of genera Parabacteroides and Alistipes (LDA Score > 4), and genera Prevotella and Faecalibacterium (LDA Score > 4) as well as Acidaminococcus, Megasphaera, Bifidobacterium and Megamonas (LDA Score > 3.5), respectively. Meanwhile, ITF at 25 and 50 mg/mL exhibited the effects of lowering pH values of samples after 24 h fermentation (p < 0.05). The results indicated that ITF likely has potential in stimulating the growth of Prevotella and Faecalibacterium as well as Bifidobacterium of human gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Lingya Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Jiaojiao Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Mingyue Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Jianping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
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Kuru-Yaşar R, Üstün-Aytekin Ö. The Crucial Roles of Diet, Microbiota, and Postbiotics in Colorectal Cancer. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:126-151. [PMID: 38483752 PMCID: PMC11133122 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Colorectal cancer is the second deadliest cancer in the world, and its prevalence has been increasing alarmingly in recent years. After researchers discovered the existence of dysbiosis in colorectal cancer, they considered the use of probiotics in the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, for various reasons, including the low safety profile of probiotics in susceptible and immunocompromised patient5s, and the risk of developing antibiotic resistance, researchers have shifted their focus to non-living cells, their components, and metabolites. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature on the effects of diet, microbiota, and postbiotics on colorectal cancer and the future of postbiotics. RECENT FINDINGS The link between diet, gut microbiota, and colorectal cancer has been established primarily as a relationship rather than a cause-effect relationship. The gut microbiota can convert gastrointestinal tract and dietary factors into either onco-metabolites or tumor suppressor metabolites. There is serious dysbiosis in the microbiota in colorectal cancer. Postbiotics appear to be promising agents in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. It has been shown that various postbiotics can selectively induce apoptosis in CRC, inhibit cell proliferation, growth, invasion, and migration, modulate the immune system, suppress carcinogenic signaling pathways, maintain intestinal epithelial integrity, and have a synergistic effect with chemotherapy drugs. However, it is also reported that some postbiotics are ineffective and may be risky in terms of safety profile in some patients. Many issues need to be researched about postbiotics. Large-scale, randomized, double-blind clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüya Kuru-Yaşar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Üstün-Aytekin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, 34668, Istanbul, Türkiye.
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Li Y, Huan Y, Qin W, Yu X, Chang Y, Xue C, Tang Q. Fucoidan from Apostichopus japonicus ameliorates alcoholic liver disease by regulating gut-liver axis homeostasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132093. [PMID: 38710247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Long-term and excessive alcohol consumption can lead to the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), characterized by oxidative damage, intestinal barrier injury, and disruption of intestinal microbiota. In this study, we extracted fucoidan (Aj-FUC) from Apostichopus japonicus using enzymatic methods and characterized its structure. The ALD model was established in male Balb/c mice using 56° Baijiu, with silymarin as a positive control. Mice were orally administered 100 mg/kg·bw and 300 mg/kg·bw of Aj-FUC for 28 days to evaluate its effects on liver injury in ALD mice and explore its potential role in modulating the gut-liver axis. The results showed significant improvements in histopathological changes and liver disease in the Aj-FUC group. Aj-FUC treatment significantly increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) while weakly reduced the elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) induced by ALD. It also regulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, collectively alleviating hepatic oxidative stress. Aj-FUC intervention upregulated the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, thus contributing to repair the intestinal barrier. Additionally, Aj-FUC increased the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and regulated the imbalance in gut microbiota. These results suggested that Aj-FUC alleviates ALD by modulating the gut-liver axis homeostasis. It may prove to be a useful dietary supplement in the treatment of alcoholic liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yuchen Huan
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Wanting Qin
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Xinyue Yu
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China; Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266235, China
| | - Qingjuan Tang
- Laboratory of Food Science and Human Health, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China.
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113
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Tony-Odigie A, Dalpke AH, Boutin S, Yi B. Airway commensal bacteria in cystic fibrosis inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa via a released metabolite. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127680. [PMID: 38520837 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In cystic fibrosis (CF), Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection plays a critical role in disease progression. Although multiple studies suggest that airway commensals might be able to interfere with pathogenic bacteria, the role of the distinct commensals in the polymicrobial lung infections is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify airway commensal bacteria that may inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa. Through a screening study with more than 80 CF commensal strains across 21 species, more than 30 commensal strains from various species have been identified to be able to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa. The underlying mechanisms were investigated via genomic, metabolic and functional analysis, revealing that the inhibitory commensals may affect the growth of P. aeruginosa by releasing a large amount of acetic acid. The data provide information about the distinct roles of airway commensals and provide insights into novel strategies for controlling airway infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tony-Odigie
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander H Dalpke
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sébastien Boutin
- Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; University of Lübeck, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Buqing Yi
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Rao Z, Li Y, Yang X, Guo Y, Zhang W, Wang Z. Diet xylo-oligosaccharide supplementation improves growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health of broilers. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:165-176. [PMID: 38779325 PMCID: PMC11109738 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The effects of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) on broiler growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health were investigated. A total of 540 one-d-old Arbor Acres Plus broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 chickens per replicate. Broilers in the control (CON) group received a corn-soybean meal based basal diet, those in the antibiotics (ANT) group received the basal diet plus 500 mg/kg oxytetracycline, and those in XOS groups received the basal diet plus 150, 300, or 450 mg/kg XOS. Compared with CON, the body weight at 42 d and average daily gain from 1 to 42 d were significantly increased in the 150, 450 mg/kg XOS-added and ANT groups (P = 0.018), and the relative expression of claudin-1 and ZO-1 mRNA in the ileum was significantly higher in the 300 and 450 mg/kg XOS-added groups (P < 0.001). The feed conversion ratios (P < 0.001) and abdominal fat rates (P = 0.012) of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age were significantly lower in all XOS-added groups than in the control group. Splenic index (P = 0.036) and bursa of Fabricius index (P = 0.009) were significantly better in the ANT group and each XOS-added group than in the control group. Compared to CON and ANT, serum IgA (P = 0.007) and IgG (P = 0.002) levels were significantly higher in the 300 mg/kg XOS-added group, and the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing genera (Alistipes) was also significantly higher (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, ileal villus height (P < 0.001) and ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V:C) (P = 0.001) were significantly increased in XOS-added broilers. In analysis of relationships between cecal microbes and the physical barrier of the gut, [Ruminococcus]_torques_group was positively correlated with mRNA expression of ileal ZO-1 and claudin-1 (P < 0.05), and Bacteroides was positively correlated with increased ileal villus height and V:C (P < 0.05). Overall, XOS addition to broiler diets improved growth performance, promoted intestinal health by enhancing intestinal barrier function and regulating cecal microbiota diversity, and had positive effects on immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Rao
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongpeng Guo
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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115
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Hernandez AR, Parker E, Babar M, Banerjee A, Ding S, Simley A, Buford TW. Microbiome-driven alterations in metabolic pathways and impaired cognition in aged female TgF344-AD rats. AGING BRAIN 2024; 5:100119. [PMID: 38881651 PMCID: PMC11179252 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2024.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) not only affects cognition and neuropathology, but several other facets capable of negatively impacting quality of life and potentially driving impairments, including altered gut microbiome (GMB) composition and metabolism. Aged (20 + mo) female TgF344-AD and wildtype rats were cognitively characterized on several tasks incorporating several cognitive domains, including task acquisition, object recognition memory, anxiety-like behaviors, and spatial navigation. Additionally, metabolic phenotyping, GMB sequencing throughout the intestinal tract (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, and feces), neuropathological burden assessment and marker gene functional abundance predictions (PICRUSt2) were conducted. TgF344-AD rats demonstrated significant cognitive impairment in multiple domains, as well as regionally specific GMB dysbiosis. Relationships between peripheral factors were investigated using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), revealing correlations between GMB changes and both cognitive and metabolic factors. Moreover, communities of gut microbes contributing to essential metabolic pathways were significantly altered in TgF344-AD rats. These data indicate dysbiosis may affect cognitive outcomes in AD through alterations in metabolism-related enzymatic pathways that are necessary for proper brain function. Moreover, these changes were mostly observed in intestinal segments required for carbohydrate digestion, not fecal samples. These data support the targeting of intestinal and microbiome health for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbi R Hernandez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Erik Parker
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Maham Babar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Anisha Banerjee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Sarah Ding
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Alexis Simley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Thomas W Buford
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
- Birmingham/Atlanta VA GRECC, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35244, USA
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116
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Hong D, Tang W, Li F, Liu Y, Fu X, Xu Q. The short-chain fatty acid propionate prevents ox-LDL-induced coronary microvascular dysfunction by alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in HCMECs. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304551. [PMID: 38814895 PMCID: PMC11139260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a critical pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Lower endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation leads to reduced endothelium-derived relaxing factor nitric oxide (NO) generation, causing and accelerating CMD. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) has been shown to reduce NO production in umbilical vein endothelial cells. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) damages endothelial cell function. However, the relationship between ox-LDL and coronary microcirculation has yet to be assessed. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), a fermentation product of the gut microbiome, could improve endothelial-dependent vasodilation in human adipose arterioles, but the effect of SCFA on coronary microcirculation is unclear. In this study, we found ox-LDL stimulated expression of ER chaperone GRP78. Further, we activated downstream PERK/eIF2a, IRE1/JNK, and ATF6 signaling pathways, decreasing eNOS phosphorylation and NO production in human cardiac microvascular endothelial. Furthermore, SCFA-propionate can inhibit ox-LDL-induced eNOS phosphorylation reduction and raise NO production; the mechanism is related to the inhibition of ER stress and downstream signaling pathways PERK/eIF2a, IRE1/JNK, and ATF6. In summary, we demonstrate that ox-LDL induced CMD by activating ER stress, propionate can effectively counteract the adverse effects of ox-LDL and protect coronary microcirculation function via inhibiting ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hong
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Tang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yating Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Hematology Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Cardiology Medicine, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Hunan, China
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Zhang C, Fang B, Zhang N, Zhang Q, Niu T, Zhao L, Sun E, Wang J, Xiao R, He J, Li S, Chen J, Guo J, Xiong W, Wang R. The Effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup on Glucose Metabolism, Gut Microbiota, and Their Metabolites in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:1691. [PMID: 38892624 PMCID: PMC11174421 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have garnered increasing attention as a potential therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have confirmed that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup (MN-Gup) could stimulate the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in NCI-H716 cells, but whether MN-Gup has a hypoglycemic effect on T2DM in vivo remains unclear. In this study, a T2DM mouse model was constructed, with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin in mice, to investigate the effect of MN-Gup on diabetes. Then, different doses of MN-Gup (2 × 109 CFU/kg, 1 × 1010 CFU/kg) were gavaged for 6 weeks to investigate the effect of MN-Gup on glucose metabolism and its potential mechanisms. The results showed that a high-dose of MN-Gup significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of T2DM mice compared to the other groups. In addition, there were significant increases in the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially acetate, and GLP-1 levels in the MN-Gup group. MN-Gup increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and decreased the number of Escherichia-Shigella and Staphylococcus. Moreover, the correlation analysis revealed that Bifidobacterium demonstrated a significant positive correlation with GLP-1 and a negative correlation with the incremental AUC. In summary, this study demonstrates that Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MN-Gup has significant hypoglycemic effects in T2DM mice and can modulate the gut microbiota, promoting the secretion of SCFAs and GLP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianjiao Niu
- Mengniu Hi-Tech Dairy Product Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 101100, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Erna Sun
- Mengniu Hi-Tech Dairy Product Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 101100, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Mengniu Hi-Tech Dairy Product Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 101100, China
| | - Jingjing He
- Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shusen Li
- Mengniu Hi-Tech Dairy Product Beijing Co., Ltd., Beijing 101100, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Research Center for Probiotics, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-Constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Government, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Wei M, Liu H, Wang Y, Sun M, Shang P. Mechanisms of Male Reproductive Sterility Triggered by Dysbiosis of Intestinal Microorganisms. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:694. [PMID: 38929676 PMCID: PMC11204708 DOI: 10.3390/life14060694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota, comprised of bacteria, archaea, and phages, inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of the organism. Male reproductive sterility is currently a prominent topic in medical research. Increasing research suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis can result in various reproductive health problems. This article specifically investigates the impact of gut microbiota dysbiosis on male reproductive infertility development. Gut microbiota imbalances can disrupt the immune system and immune cell metabolism, affecting testicular growth and sperm production. This dysfunction can compromise the levels of hormones produced and secreted by the endocrine glands, affecting male reproductive health. Furthermore, imbalance of the gut microbiota can disrupt the gut-brain-reproductive axis, resulting in male reproductive infertility. This article explores how the imbalance of the gut microbiota impacts male reproductive infertility through immune regulation, endocrine regulation, and interactions of the gut-brain-reproductive axis, concluding with recommendations for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbang Wei
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Huaizhi Liu
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
| | - Peng Shang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China; (M.W.); (H.L.); (Y.W.); (M.S.)
- The Provincial and Ministerial Co-Founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Linzhi 860000, China
- Key Laboratory for the Genetic Improvement and Reproduction Technology of the Tibetan Swine, Linzhi 860000, China
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119
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Zhang P, Li J, Miao Y, Zhao X, Zhu L, Yao J, Wan M, Tang W. Sheng-Jiang powder ameliorates NAFLD via regulating intestinal microbiota in mice. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1387401. [PMID: 38860223 PMCID: PMC11163104 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1387401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal microbiota have been demonstrated to be involved in the development of NAFLD, while the relationship between the severity of NAFLD and intestinal microbiota is still not fully elucidated. Sheng-Jiang Powder (SJP) showed exact efficacy in treating SFL and great potential in regulating intestinal microbiota, but the effects need to be further addressed in NASH and liver fibrosis. Objectives To investigate the differences in intestinal microbiota of NAFLD with different severity and the effect of SJP on liver damage and intestinal microbiota. Design NAFLD mice models with different severity were induced by high-fat diet (HFD) or choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined high-fat diet (CDAHFD) feeding and then treated with SJP/normal saline. Methods Biochemical blood tests, H&E/Masson/Oil Red O/IHC staining, Western blot, and 16SrDNA sequencing were performed to explore intestinal microbiota alteration in different NAFLD models and the effect of SJP on liver damage and intestinal microbiota. Results Intestinal microbiota alteration was detected in all NAFLD mice. SJP induced increased expression of Pparγ and alleviated liver lipid deposition in all NAFLD mice. Microbiome analysis revealed obvious changes in intestinal microbiota composition, while SJP significantly elevated the relative abundance of Roseburia and Akkermansia, which were demonstrated to be beneficial for improving inflammation and intestinal barrier function. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that SJP was effective in improving lipid metabolism in NAFLD mice, especially in mice with SFL. The potential mechanism may be associated with the regulation of intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Miao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianlin Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lv Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenfu Tang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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120
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Ashraf A, Hassan MI. Microbial Endocrinology: Host metabolism and appetite hormones interaction with gut microbiome. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112281. [PMID: 38810719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Anam Ashraf
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Dong M, Liang X, Zhu T, Xu T, Xie L, Feng Y. Reoxygenation Mitigates Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Systemic Inflammation and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:517-530. [PMID: 38812701 PMCID: PMC11135559 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s454297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep breathing disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH), with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as its standard treatment. However, the effects of intermittent hypoxia/reoxygenation (IH/R) on weight regulation in obesity and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. Gut microbiota has gained attention for its strong association with various diseases. This study aims to explore the combined influence of IH and obesity on gut microbiota and to investigate the impact of reoxygenation on IH-induced alterations. Methods Diet-induced obese (DIO) rats were created by 8-week high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and randomly assigned into three groups (n=15 per group): normoxia (NM), IH (6% O2, 30 cycles/h, 8 h/day, 4 weeks), or hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR, 2-week IH followed by 2-week reoxygenation) management. After modeling and exposure, body weight and biochemical indicators were measured, and fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Results DIO rats in the IH group showed increased weight gain (p=0.0016) and elevated systemic inflammation, including IL-6 (p=0.0070) and leptin (p=0.0004). Moreover, IH rats exhibited greater microbial diversity (p<0.0167), and significant alterations in the microbial structure (p=0.014), notably the order Clostridiales, accompanied by an upregulation of bile acid metabolism predicted pathway (p=0.0043). Reoxygenation not only improved IH-exacerbated obesity, systemic inflammation, leptin resistance, and sympathetic activation, but also showed the potential to restore IH-induced microbial alterations. Elevated leptin levels were associated with Ruminococcaceae (p=0.0008) and Clostridiales (p=0.0019), while body weight was linked to Blautia producta (p=0.0377). Additionally, the abundance of Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with leptin levels (p=0.0006) and weight (p=0.0339). Conclusion IH leads to gut dysbiosis and metabolic disorders, while reoxygenation therapy demonstrates a potentially protective effect by restoring gut homeostasis and mitigating inflammation. It highlights the potential benefits of CPAP in reducing metabolic risk among obese patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Dong
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xili Liang
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Zhu
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Xu
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwei Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Psychiatric, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Brain Disease, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Li Z, Liu Z, Guo Y, Gao S, Tang Y, Li T, Xuan H. Propolis Alleviates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Heat-Inactivated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus via Regulating Inflammatory Mediators, Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites. Nutrients 2024; 16:1598. [PMID: 38892531 PMCID: PMC11175110 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Propolis has potential anti-inflammatory properties, but little is known about its efficacy against inflammatory reactions caused by drug-resistant bacteria, and the difference in efficacy between propolis and tree gum is also unclear. Here, an in vivo study was performed to study the effects of ethanol extract from poplar propolis (EEP) and poplar tree gum (EEG) against heat-inactivated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Pre-treatment with EEP and EEG (100 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in significant protective effects on ALI in mice, and EEP exerted stronger activity to alleviate lung tissue lesions and ALI scores compared with that of EEG. Furthermore, EEP significantly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in the lung, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that both EEP and EEG could modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, enhance the abundance of beneficial microbiota and reduce the harmful ones, and partly restore the levels of short-chain fatty acids. EEP could modulate more serum metabolites and showed a more robust correlation between serum metabolites and gut microbiota. Overall, these results support the anti-inflammatory effects of propolis in the treatment of ALI, and the necessity of the quality control of propolis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongzhuan Xuan
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (Z.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.G.); (S.G.); (Y.T.); (T.L.)
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Luo Y, Fu S, Liu Y, Kong S, Liao Q, Lin L, Li H. Banxia Xiexin decoction modulates gut microbiota and gut microbiota metabolism to alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117990. [PMID: 38423412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its potential mechanism of action is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Reveal the correlation between the beneficial impacts of BXD on UC and the composition of the gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS The major constituents of BXD were identified using the HPLC-DAD technique. An experimental model of UC was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by administering dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). A total of 48 mice were divided into different groups, including control, model, high-dose BXD treatment, medium-dose BXD treatment, low-dose BXD treatment, and a group treated with 5-amino acid salicylic acid (5-ASA). Body weight changes and disease activity index (DAI) scores were documented; colon length, colon index, spleen index, and thymus index scores were determined; myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) activities were assessed; and histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin and alcian blue/phosphate Schiff was performed. The immunofluorescence technique was employed to examine the presence of ZO-1 and occludin in the colon tissue. 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to assess the gut microbiota's diversity and metabolomics was utilized to examine alterations in metabolites within the gut microbiota. The impact of BXD on the gut microbiota was confirmed through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). RESULTS BXD exhibited a positive impact on UC mice, particularly in the high-dose BXD treatment group. The BXD group experienced weight recovery, decreased DAI scores, improved colon length, and restored of spleen and thymus index scores compared to the DSS group. Additionally, BXD alleviated colon damage and the inflammatory response while restoring intestinal barrier function. FMT in BXD-treated mice also showed therapeutic effects in UC mice. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota, Deferribacterota and Actinobacteriota increased; at the genus level, g__norank__f__Muribaculaceae, Dubosiella, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus increased, whereas Faecalibaculum, Alloprevotella, Turicibacter, and g_Paraprevotella decreased. g__norank_f__Muribaculaceae was positively correlated with body weight and colon length and negatively with colon index scores, splenic index scores, and MPO levels; Alloprevotella was positively correlated with splenic index scores, histological scores, and TNF-α levels and negatively with thymus index scores and thymus index scores. Faecalibaculum was positively correlated with colon index scores and MPO levels. Metabolic investigations revealed 58 potential indicators, primarily associated with the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids. Alloprevotella, g_Paraprevotella, and Bifidobacterium were strongly associated with metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION BXD showed beneficial therapeutic effects in UC mice. The mechanism may be by promoting the balance and variety of gut microbiota, as well as regulating the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Luo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Sai Fu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yuling Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Shasha Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Qian Liao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Longfei Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Industry, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanchang, 330000, China; Jiangxi Health Industry Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330000, China.
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Shi Y, Guo S, Zhou J, Xu P, Wang Y. Black tea preserves intestinal homeostasis through balancing barriers and microbiota in mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1367047. [PMID: 38835958 PMCID: PMC11148374 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1367047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Black tea, a beverage consumed worldwide, possesses favorable effects on gastrointestinal tract, including nourishing stomach and promoting digestion. Nevertheless, its specific effects on intestinal homeostasis remains inconclusive. Methods We applied black tea to mice prior to inducing colitis with DSS and then monitored their body weight and disease activity index (DAI) daily. When sacrificed, we measured intestinal permeability and conducted analyses of mucin and tight junction proteins. We detected inflammatory cytokines, immune cells, and related inflammatory signaling pathways. In addition, the gut microbiota was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing, and the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were also measured. Results The results showed that black tea-treated group significantly rescued the DSS-disrupted intestinal structure. It reduced the relative abundance of the pathogenic bacterium Turicibacter, while increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria norank_f_Muribaculaceae and restored the contents of SCFAs such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate. It also protected the intestinal barrier by reducing the levels of immune response-related factors (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins (TJs) (e.g., ZO-1, occludin). Furthermore, black tea exhibited the capacity to suppress the expression of MMP-9 and ICAM-1, as well as to inhibit the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Discussion Our findings provide a theoretical framework that elucidates the mechanisms by which black tea preserves intestinal homeostasis, highlighting its potential as a preventive strategy against intestinal disruptions. This study contributes to the understanding of the dietary effects of black tea on gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Shi
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Guo
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jihong Zhou
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, China
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Cossarini F, Shang J, Krek A, Al-Taie Z, Hou R, Canales-Herrerias P, Tokuyama M, Tankelevich M, Tillowiz A, Jha D, Livanos AE, Leyre L, Uzzan M, Martinez-Delgado G, Tylor M, Sharma K, Bourgonje AR, Cruz M, Ioannou G, Dawson T, D'Souza D, Kim-Schulze S, Akm A, Aberg JA, Chen BK, Gnjatic S, Polydorides AD, Cerutti A, Argmann C, Vujkovic-Cvijin I, Suarez-Farinas M, Petralia F, Faith JJ, Mehandru S. HIV-1 infection is associated with depletion of germinal center B cells and a decrease in IgA + plasma cells in the GI tract. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.17.590425. [PMID: 38826293 PMCID: PMC11142040 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.590425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) B cells and plasma cells (PCs), critical to mucosal homeostasis, play an important role in the host response to HIV-1 infection. Here, high resolution mapping of human B cells and PCs from colon and ileum during both viremic and suppressed HIV-1 infection identified a significant reduction in germinal center (GC) B cells and Follicular Dendritic Cells (FDCs) during HIV-1 viremia. Further, IgA + PCs, the major cellular output of intestinal GCs were significantly reduced during viremic HIV-1 infection. PC-associated transcriptional perturbations, including type I interferon signaling persisted in antiretroviral therapy (ART) treated individuals, suggesting ongoing disruption of the intestinal immune milieu during ART. GI humoral immune perturbations associated with changes in intestinal microbiome composition and systemic inflammation. Herein, we highlight a key immune defect in the GI mucosa due to HIV-1 viremia, with major implications. One Sentence Summary Major perturbations in intestinal GC dynamics in viremic HIV-1 infection relate to reduced IgA + plasma cells, systemic inflammation and microbiota changes.
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Yang T, Li G, Xu Y, He X, Song B, Cao Y. Characterization of the gut microbiota in polycystic ovary syndrome with dyslipidemia. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:169. [PMID: 38760705 PMCID: PMC11100065 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03329-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy in childbearing-age females which can cause many complications, such as diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. The metabolic disorders in patients with PCOS were linked to gut microbial dysbiosis. However, the correlation between the gut microbial community and dyslipidemia in PCOS remains unillustrated. Our study elucidated the different gut microbiota in patients with PCOS and dyslipidemia (PCOS.D) compared to those with only PCOS and healthy women. RESULTS In total, 18 patients with PCOS, 16 healthy females, and 18 patients with PCOS.D were enrolled. The 16 S rRNA sequencing in V3-V4 region was utilized for identifying the gut microbiota, which analyzes species annotation, community diversity, and community functions. Our results showed that the β diversity of gut microbiota did not differ significantly among the three groups. Regarding gut microbiota dysbiosis, patients with PCOS showed a decreased abundance of Proteobacteria, and patients with PCOS.D showed an increased abundance of Bacteroidota compared to other groups. With respect to the gut microbial imbalance at genus level, the PCOS.D group showed a higher abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 compared to other two groups. Furthermore, the abundances of Faecalibacterium and Holdemanella were lower in the PCOS.D than those in the PCOS group. Several genera, including Faecalibacterium and Holdemanella, were negatively correlated with the lipid profiles. Pseudomonas was negatively correlated with luteinizing hormone levels. Using PICRUSt analysis, the gut microbiota community functions suggested that certain metabolic pathways (e.g., amino acids, glycolysis, and lipid) were altered in PCOS.D patients as compared to those in PCOS patients. CONCLUSIONS The gut microbiota characterizations in patients with PCOS.D differ from those in patients with PCOS and controls, and those might also be related to clinical parameters. This may have the potential to become an alternative therapy to regulate the clinical lipid levels of patients with PCOS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjin Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Guanjian Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaojin He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bing Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Cui X, Zhang T, Xie T, Guo FX, Zhang YY, Deng YJ, Wang Q, Guo YX, Dong MH, Luo XT. Research Progress on the Correlation Between Hypertension and Gut Microbiota. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:2371-2387. [PMID: 38770171 PMCID: PMC11104380 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s463880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Among cardiovascular diseases, hypertension is the most important risk factor for morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its pathogenesis is complex, involving genetic, dietary and environmental factors. The characteristics of the gut microbiota can vary in response to increased blood pressure (BP) and influence the development and progression of hypertension. This paper describes five aspects of the relationship between hypertension and the gut microbiota, namely, the different types of gut microbiota, metabolites of the gut microbiota, sympathetic activation, gut-brain interactions, the effects of exercise and dietary patterns and the treatment of the gut microbiota through probiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and herbal remedies, providing new clues for the future prevention of hypertension. Diet, exercise and traditional Chinese medicine may contribute to long-term improvements in hypertension, although the effects of probiotics and FMT still need to be validated in large populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cardio Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Xie
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang-xi Guo
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-ying Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-jia Deng
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardio Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-xing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cardio Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-hua Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cardio Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-ting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cardio Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
- School of General Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou Q, Gao J, Sun X, Liang Y, Ye M, Liang D, Ling C, Fang B. In Vitro Characterization of Polysaccharides from Fresh Tea Leaves in Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion and Gut Microbiome Fermentation. Foods 2024; 13:1561. [PMID: 38790861 PMCID: PMC11121227 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tea plants have a long cultivation history in the world, but there are few studies on polysaccharides from fresh tea leaves. In this study, tea polysaccharides (TPSs) were isolated from fresh tea leaves. Then, we investigated the characteristics of TPSs during in vitro simulated digestion and fermentation; moreover, the effects of TPSs on gut microbiota were explored. The results revealed that saliva did not significantly affect TPSs' molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and reducing sugar content, indicating that TPSs cannot be digested in the oral cavity. However, TPSs were partially decomposed in the gastrointestinal tract after gastric and intestinal digestion, resulting in the release of a small amount of free glucose monosaccharides. Our in vitro fermentation experiments demonstrated that TPSs are degraded by gut microbiota, leading to short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and pH reduction. Moreover, TPSs increased the abundance of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium but reduced that of Escherichia, Shigella, and Enterococcus, demonstrating that TPSs can regulate the gut microbiome. In conclusion, TPSs are partially decomposed by gut microbiota, resulting in the production of SCFAs and the regulation of gut microbiota composition and function. Therefore, TPSs may be used to develop a prebiotic supplement to regulate the gut microbiome and improve host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyi Zhou
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Jinjing Gao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Xueyan Sun
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Yicheng Liang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Minqi Ye
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (M.Y.)
| | - Dongxia Liang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Caijin Ling
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Binghu Fang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Q.Z.); (J.G.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (M.Y.)
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Zhang M, Qiao H, Yang S, Kwok LY, Zhang H, Zhang W. Human Breast Milk: The Role of Its Microbiota and Metabolites in Infant Health. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10665-10678. [PMID: 38691667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the role of microorganisms and metabolites in human breast milk and their impact on neonatal health. Breast milk serves as both a primary source of nutrition for newborns and contributes to the development and maturation of the digestive, immunological, and neurological systems. It has the potential to reduce the risks of infections, allergies, and asthma. As our understanding of the properties of human milk advances, there is growing interest in incorporating its benefits into personalized infant nutrition strategies, particularly in situations in which breastfeeding is not an option. Future infant formula products are expected to emulate the composition and advantages of human milk, aligning with an evolving understanding of infant nutrition. The long-term health implications of human milk are still under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Shuwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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Wang S, Cui Z, Yang H. Interactions between host and gut microbiota in gestational diabetes mellitus and their impacts on offspring. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:161. [PMID: 38730357 PMCID: PMC11083820 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation, and most studies have demonstrated gut dysbiosis in GDM pregnancies. Overall, they were manifested as a reduction in microbiome diversity and richness, depleted short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing genera and a dominant of Gram-negative pathogens releasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The SCFAs functioned as energy substance or signaling molecules to interact with host locally and beyond the gut. LPS contributed to pathophysiology of diseases through activating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and involved in inflammatory responses. The gut microbiome dysbiosis was not only closely related with GDM, it was also vital to fetal health through vertical transmission. In this review, we summarized gut microbiota signature in GDM pregnancies of each trimester, and presented a brief introduction of microbiome derived SCFAs. We then discussed mechanisms of microbiome-host interactions in the physiopathology of GDM and associated metabolic disorders. Finally, we compared offspring microbiota composition from GDM with that from normal pregnancies, and described the possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Zifeng Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China.
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Oliver A, Podell S, Wegley Kelly L, Sparagon WJ, Plominsky AM, Nelson RS, Laurens LML, Augyte S, Sims NA, Nelson CE, Allen EE. Enrichable consortia of microbial symbionts degrade macroalgal polysaccharides in Kyphosus fish. mBio 2024; 15:e0049624. [PMID: 38534158 PMCID: PMC11077953 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00496-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Coastal herbivorous fishes consume macroalgae, which is then degraded by microbes along their digestive tract. However, there is scarce genomic information about the microbiota that perform this degradation. This study explores the potential of Kyphosus gastrointestinal microbial symbionts to collaboratively degrade and ferment polysaccharides from red, green, and brown macroalgae through in silico study of carbohydrate-active enzyme and sulfatase sequences. Recovery of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from previously described Kyphosus gut metagenomes and newly sequenced bioreactor enrichments reveals differences in enzymatic capabilities between the major microbial taxa in Kyphosus guts. The most versatile of the recovered MAGs were from the Bacteroidota phylum, whose MAGs house enzyme collections able to decompose a variety of algal polysaccharides. Unique enzymes and predicted degradative capacities of genomes from the Bacillota (genus Vallitalea) and Verrucomicrobiota (order Kiritimatiellales) highlight the importance of metabolic contributions from multiple phyla to broaden polysaccharide degradation capabilities. Few genomes contain the required enzymes to fully degrade any complex sulfated algal polysaccharide alone. The distribution of suitable enzymes between MAGs originating from different taxa, along with the widespread detection of signal peptides in candidate enzymes, is consistent with cooperative extracellular degradation of these carbohydrates. This study leverages genomic evidence to reveal an untapped diversity at the enzyme and strain level among Kyphosus symbionts and their contributions to macroalgae decomposition. Bioreactor enrichments provide a genomic foundation for degradative and fermentative processes central to translating the knowledge gained from this system to the aquaculture and bioenergy sectors.IMPORTANCESeaweed has long been considered a promising source of sustainable biomass for bioenergy and aquaculture feed, but scalable industrial methods for decomposing terrestrial compounds can struggle to break down seaweed polysaccharides efficiently due to their unique sulfated structures. Fish of the genus Kyphosus feed on seaweed by leveraging gastrointestinal bacteria to degrade algal polysaccharides into simple sugars. This study reconstructs metagenome-assembled genomes for these gastrointestinal bacteria to enhance our understanding of herbivorous fish digestion and fermentation of algal sugars. Investigations at the gene level identify Kyphosus guts as an untapped source of seaweed-degrading enzymes ripe for further characterization. These discoveries set the stage for future work incorporating marine enzymes and microbial communities in the industrial degradation of algal polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Oliver
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sheila Podell
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Linda Wegley Kelly
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wesley J. Sparagon
- Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Alvaro M. Plominsky
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Craig E. Nelson
- Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Eric E. Allen
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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132
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Zhao L, Li X, Wang Y, Yang Q, Jiang X, Zhao R, Chen H, Zhang Y, Ran J, Chen W, Wei Z, Wang H. Resistance role of Lactobacillus sp. and Lactococcus sp. to copper ions in healthy children's intestinal microorganisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134059. [PMID: 38503209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal exposure is closely associated with gut microbe function and tolerance. However, intestinal microbe responses in children to different copper ion (Cu2+) concentrations have not yet been clarified. Here, in vitro cultivation systems were established for fecal microbe control and Cu2+-treated groups in healthy children. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing, meta-transcriptomics and metabolomics were used here to identify toxicity resistance mechanisms at microbiome levels. The results showed that Lactobacillus sp. and Lactococcus sp. exerted protective effects against Cu2+ toxicity, but these effects were limited by Cu2+ concentration. When the Cu2+ concentration was ≥ 4 mg/L, the abundance of Lactobacillus sp. and Lactococcus sp. significantly decreased, and the pathways of antioxidant activity and detoxification processes were enriched at 2 mg/L Cu2+, and beneficial metabolites accumulated. However, at high concentrations of Cu2+ (≥4 mg/L), the abundance of potential pathogen increased, and was accompanied by a downregulation of genes in metabolism and detoxification pathways, which meant that the balance of gut microbiota was disrupted and toxicity resistance decreased. From these observations, we identified some probiotics that are tolerant to heavy metal Cu2+, and warn that only when the concentration limit of Cu2+ in food is 2 mg/L, then a balanced gut microbiota can be guaranteed in children, thereby providing protection for their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioconversion Technology of Functional Microbes, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yibin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Qingxiang Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioconversion Technology of Functional Microbes, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Ruixiang Zhao
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Junjian Ran
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Wanrong Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Zihan Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Hailei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
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133
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Demirturk M, Cinar MS, Avci FY. The immune interactions of gut glycans and microbiota in health and disease. Mol Microbiol 2024. [PMID: 38703041 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The human digestive system harbors a vast diversity of commensal bacteria and maintains a symbiotic relationship with them. However, imbalances in the gut microbiota accompany various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs), which significantly impact the well-being of populations globally. Glycosylation of the mucus layer is a crucial factor that plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostatic environment in the gut. This review delves into how the gut microbiota, immune cells, and gut mucus layer work together to establish a balanced gut environment. Specifically, the role of glycosylation in regulating immune cell responses and mucus metabolism in this process is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmut Demirturk
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mukaddes Sena Cinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Fikri Y Avci
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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134
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Wang X, Yuan W, Yang C, Wang Z, Zhang J, Xu D, Sun X, Sun W. Emerging role of gut microbiota in autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1365554. [PMID: 38765017 PMCID: PMC11099291 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1365554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies have indicated that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the onset of autoimmune diseases by engaging in complex interactions with the host. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literatures concerning the relationship between the gut microbiota and autoimmune diseases, shedding light on the complex interplay between the gut microbiota, the host and the immune system. Furthermore, we aim to summarize the impacts and potential mechanisms that underlie the interactions between the gut microbiota and the host in autoimmune diseases, primarily focusing on systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, type 1 diabetes mellitus, ulcerative colitis and psoriasis. The present review will emphasize the clinical significance and potential applications of interventions based on the gut microbiota as innovative adjunctive therapies for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chunjuan Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhangxue Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Donghua Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xicai Sun
- Department of Hospital Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenchang Sun
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
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135
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Li Z, Gong R, Chu H, Zeng J, Chen C, Xu S, Hu L, Gao W, Zhang L, Yuan H, Cheng Z, Wang C, Du M, Zhu Q, Zhang L, Rong L, Hu X, Yang L. A universal plasma metabolites-derived signature predicts cardiovascular disease risk in MAFLD. Atherosclerosis 2024; 392:117526. [PMID: 38581738 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel concept proposed in 2020, which is more practical for identifying patients with fatty liver disease with high risk of disease progression. Fatty liver is a driver for extrahepatic complications, particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although the risk of CVD in MAFLD could be predicted by carotid ultrasound test, a very early stage prediction method before the formation of pathological damage is still lacking. METHODS Stool microbiomes and plasma metabolites were compared across 196 well-characterized participants encompassing normal controls, simple MAFLD patients, MAFLD patients with carotid artery pathological changes, and MAFLD patients with diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD). 16S rDNA sequencing data and untargeted metabolomic profiles were interrogatively analyzed using differential abundance analysis and random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm to identify discriminatory gut microbiomes and metabolomic. RESULTS Characteristic microbial changes in MAFLD patients with CVD risk were represented by the increase of Clostridia and Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratios. Faecalibacterium was negatively correlated with mean-intima-media thickness (IMT), TC, and TG. Megamonas, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and Escherichia were positively correlated with the exacerbation of pathological indexes. MAFLD patients with CVD risk were characterized by the decrease of lithocholic acid taurine conjugate, and the increase of ethylvanillin propylene glycol acetal, both of which had close relationship with Ruminococcus and Gemmiger. Biotin l-sulfoxide had positive correlation with mean-IMT, TG, and weight. The general auxin pesticide beta-naphthoxyacetic acid and the food additive glucosyl steviol were both positively correlated with the increase of mean-IMT. The model combining the metabolite signatures with 9 clinical parameters accurately distinguished MAFLD with CVD risk in the proband and validation cohort. It was found that citral was the most important discriminative metabolite marker, which was validated by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. CONCLUSIONS Simple MAFLD patients and MAFLD patients with CVD risk had divergent gut microbes and plasma metabolites. The predictive model based on metabolites and 9 clinical parameters could effectively discriminate MAFLD patients with CVD risk at a very early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Health Management Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huikuan Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Junchao Zeng
- Health Management Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Sanping Xu
- Health Management Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lilin Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenkang Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zilu Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Du
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingjing Zhu
- Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Wuhan Medical Treatment Centre, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lin Rong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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136
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Jin Z, Yin R, Yuan Y, Zheng C, Zhang P, Wang Y, Weng H. Dapagliflozin ameliorates hepatic steatosis via suppressing LXRα-mediated synthesis of lipids and bile acids. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116167. [PMID: 38527558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence is rising globally with no pharmacotherapies approved. Hepatic steatosis is closely associated with progression and prognosis of NAFLD. Dapagliflozin, kind of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, was found to improve NAFLD in clinical trials, while the underlying mechanism remains poorly elucidated. Here, we reported that dapagliflozin effectively mitigated liver injury and relieved lipid metabolism disorders in vivo. Further investigation showed that dapagliflozin markedly suppressed Liver X Receptor α (LXRα)-mediated synthesis of de novo lipids and bile acids (BAs). In AML12 cells, our results proved dapagliflozin decreased lipid contents via inhibiting the expression of LXRα and downstream liposynthesis genes. Proteosome inhibitor MG132 eliminated the effect of dapagliflozin on LXRα-mediated signaling pathway, which suggested that dapagliflozin downregulated LXRα expression through increasing LXRα degradation. Knockdown of LXRα with siRNA abolished the reduction of lipogenesis from dapagliflozin treatment, indicating that LXRα might be the pivotal target for dapagliflozin to exhibit the aforementioned benefits. Furthermore, the data showed that dapagliflozin reversed gut dysbiosis induced by BAs disruption and altered gut microbiota profile to reduce intestinal lipids absorption. Together, our study deciphered a novel mechanism by which dapagliflozin relieved hepatic steatosis and highlighted the potential benefit of dapagliflozin in treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Jin
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ruotong Yin
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yalin Wang
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongbo Weng
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, China.
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137
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Asensio-Grau A, Heredia A, García-Hernández J, Cabrera-Rubio R, Masip E, Ribes-Koninckx C, Collado MC, Andrés A, Calvo-Lerma J. Effect of beta-glucan supplementation on cystic fibrosis colonic microbiota: an in vitro study. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1519-1527. [PMID: 38092964 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) present with gut dysbiosis, and current evidence impedes robust recommendations on the use of prebiotics. This study aimed at establishing the prebiotic potential of a commercial beta-glucan on the in vitro colonic microbiota of a child with CF compared to a healthy counterpart (H). METHODS A dynamic simulator of colonic fermentation (twin-SHIME® model) was set up including the simulation of the proximal (PC) and distal colon (DC) of the CF and the H subjects by colonizing the bioreactors with faecal microbiota. During two weeks the system was supplied with the beta-glucan. At baseline, during treatment and post-treatment, microbiota composition was profiled by 16 S rRNA and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production was determined by GS-MS. RESULTS At baseline, Faecalibacterium, was higher in CF' DC than in the H, along higher Acidaminococcus and less Megasphaera and Sutterella. Beta-glucan supplementation induced increased microbiota richness and diversity in both subjects during the treatment. At genus level, Pseudomonas and Veillonella decreased, while Akkermansia and Faecalibacterium increased significantly in CF. CONCLUSION The supplementation with beta-glucan suggests positive results on CF colonic microbiota in the in vitro context, encouraging further research in the in vivo setting. IMPACT Current evidence supports assessing the effect of prebiotics on modifying cystic fibrosis microbiota. The effect of beta-glucan supplementation was evaluated in a controlled dynamic in vitro colonic ecosystem. Beta-glucan supplement improved diversity in cystic fibrosis colonic microbiota. The treatment showed increased abundance of Faecalibacterium and Akkermansia in cystic fibrosis. New evidence supports the use of prebiotics in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Asensio-Grau
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo. Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain.
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación (NutriCuraPDig), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ana Heredia
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo. Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación (NutriCuraPDig), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge García-Hernández
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación (NutriCuraPDig), Valencia, Spain
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos (CAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raúl Cabrera-Rubio
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Etna Masip
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación (NutriCuraPDig), Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ribes-Koninckx
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación (NutriCuraPDig), Valencia, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Carmen Collado
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Andrés
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo. Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación (NutriCuraPDig), Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Calvo-Lerma
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación (NutriCuraPDig), Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
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Zhou M, Ma J, Kang M, Tang W, Xia S, Yin J, Yin Y. Flavonoids, gut microbiota, and host lipid metabolism. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:2300065. [PMID: 38708419 PMCID: PMC11065335 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are widely distributed in nature and have a variety of beneficial biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. All of these are related to gut microbiota, and flavonoids also serve as a bridge between the host and gut microbiota. Flavonoids are commonly used to modify the composition of the gut microbiota by promoting or inhibiting specific microbial species within the gut, as well as modifying their metabolites. In turn, the gut microbiota extensively metabolizes flavonoids. Hence, this reciprocal relationship between flavonoids and the gut microbiota may play a crucial role in maintaining the balance and functionality of the metabolism system. In this review, we mainly highlighted the biological effects of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiobesity, and discussed the interaction between flavonoids, gut microbiota and lipid metabolism, and elaborated the potential mechanisms on host lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhou
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Meng Kang
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Sichuan Animal Science AcademyLivestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Animtech Feed Co., LtdChengduSichuanChina
| | - Siting Xia
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jie Yin
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaChina
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Fang S, Wu J, Niu W, Zhang T, Hong T, Zhang H, Zhan X. Sialylation of dietary mucin modulate its digestibility and the gut microbiota of elderly individuals. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114246. [PMID: 38609225 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Food-derived mucins are glycoproteins rich in sialic acid, but their digestive properties and potential health benefits for humans have been scarcely investigated. In this work, ovomucin (OVM, rich in N-acetylneuraminic acid, about 3 %), porcine small intestinal mucin (PSIM, rich in N-glycolylneuraminic acid, about 1 %), the desialylated OVM (AOVM) and the desialylated PSIM (APSIM) were selected to examine their digestion and their impact on the gut microbiota of elderly individuals. The results shown that, the proportion of low-molecular-weight proteins increased after simulated digestion of these four mucins, with concomitant comparable antioxidant activity observed. Desialylation markedly increased the degradation and digestion rate of mucins. In vitro fecal fermentation was conducted with these mucins using fecal samples from individuals of different age groups: young, low-age and high-age elderly. Fecal fermentation with mucin digestive solution stimulated the production of organic acids in the group with fecal sample of the elderly individuals. Among them, the OVM group demonstrated the most favorable outcomes. The OVM and APSIM groups elevated the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, while diminishing the presence of pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella. Conversely, the probiotic effects of AOVM and PSIM were attenuated or even exhibited adverse effects. Hence, mucins originating from different sources and possessing distinct glycosylation patterns exhibit diverse biological functions. Our findings can offer valuable insights for developing a well-balanced and nutritious diet tailored to the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Fang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Wenxuan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tiantian Hong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Colucci Cante R, Nigro F, Passannanti F, Lentini G, Gallo M, Nigro R, Budelli AL. Gut health benefits and associated systemic effects provided by functional components from the fermentation of natural matrices. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13356. [PMID: 38767859 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the role of the gut microbiota in metabolic health, immunity, behavioral balance, longevity, and intestine comfort has been the object of several studies from scientific communities. They were encouraged by a growing interest from food industries and consumers toward novel fermented ingredients and formulations with powerful biological effects, such as pre, pro, and postbiotic products. Depending on the selected strains, the operating conditions, the addition of suitable reagents or enzymes, the equipment, and the reactor configurations, functional compounds with high bioactivity, such as short-chain fatty acids, gamma-aminobutyric acid, bioactive peptides, and serotonin, can be enhanced and/or produced through fermentation of several vegetable matrices. Otherwise, their formation can also be promoted directly in the gut after the dietary intake of fermented foods: In this case, fermentation will aim to increase the content of precursor substances, such as indigestible fibers, polyphenols, some amino acids, and resistant starch, which can be potentially metabolized by endogenous gut microorganisms and converted in healthy molecules. This review provides an overview of the main functional components currently investigated in literature and the associated gut health benefits. The current state of the art about fermentation technology as a promising functionalization tool to promote the direct or indirect formation of gut-health-enhancing components was deepened, highlighting the importance of optimizing microorganism selection, system setups, and process conditions according to the target compound of interest. The collected data suggested the possibility of gaining novel functional food ingredients or products rich in functional molecules through fermentation without performing additional extraction and purification stages, which are needed when conventional culture broths are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Colucci Cante
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials, and Industrial Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Nigro
- I. T. P. Innovation and Technology Provider S.r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Passannanti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials, and Industrial Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- I. T. P. Innovation and Technology Provider S.r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Lentini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials, and Industrial Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Gallo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials, and Industrial Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy
- I. T. P. Innovation and Technology Provider S.r.l., Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Nigro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials, and Industrial Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Pan X, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Cao Q, Wei L, Zhao M. Investigation of the therapeutic effect of Hedan tablets on high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats by GC-MS technology and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5848. [PMID: 38368632 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a persistent metabolic condition resulting from the excessive accumulation or abnormal distribution of body fat. This study aimed to establish an experimental rat model of obesity. The efficacy of treating obesity with Hedan tablets (HDT) was assessed by monitoring changes in weight, blood lipid levels, analyzing inflammatory factors, evaluating organ indices, and observing liver tissue pathology. Furthermore, we utilized 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing technology to explore changes in intestinal flora. In addition, GC-MS was used to measure fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content. The onset of obesity led to a significant decrease in the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Conversely, the administration of HDT demonstrated a substantial ability to increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Obesity resulted in a noteworthy reduction in total SCFAs, a trend significantly reversed in the HDT group. Through correlation analysis, it was determined that HDT mitigated the inflammatory response and improved blood lipid levels by augmenting the abundance of Lactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, Ruminococcus, and Enterococcus. These particular intestinal flora were identified as regulators of SCFA metabolism, thereby ameliorating metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. Moreover, HDT intervention elevated the overall fecal concentration of SCFAs, thereby improving metabolic disorders induced by obesity. The anti-obesity effects of HDT are likely attributable to their capacity to influence the composition of intestinal flora and boost SCFA levels in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yongyao Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingying Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liuxin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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142
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Zhang Z, Lv T, Wang X, Wu M, Zhang R, Yang X, Fu Y, Liu Z. Role of the microbiota-gut-heart axis between bile acids and cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116567. [PMID: 38583340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) receptors (e.g., farnesoid X-activated receptor, muscarinic receptor) are expressed in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, indicating the relevance of BAs to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hydrophobic BAs are cardiotoxic, while hydrophilic BAs are cardioprotective. For example, fetal cardiac insufficiency in maternal intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, and the degree of fetal cardiac abnormality, is closely related to the level of hydrophobic BAs in maternal blood and infant blood. However, ursodeoxycholic acid (the most hydrophilic BA) can reverse/prevent these detrimental effects of increased levels of hydrophobic BAs on the heart. The gut microbiota (GM) and GM metabolites (especially secondary BAs) have crucial roles in hypertension, atherosclerosis, unstable angina, and heart failure. Herein, we describe the relationship between CVD and the GM at the BA level. We combine the concept of the "microbiota-gut-heart axis" (MGHA) and postulate the role and mechanism of BAs in CVD development. In addition, the strategies for treating CVD with BAs under the MGHA are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Menglu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ruolin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yongping Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Zhang S, Hung J, Yen TN, Huang S. Mutualistic interactions of lactate-producing lactobacilli and lactate-utilizing Veillonella dispar: Lactate and glutamate cross-feeding for the enhanced growth and short-chain fatty acid production. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14484. [PMID: 38801349 PMCID: PMC11129673 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut hosts numerous ecological niches for microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions. Gut lactate homeostasis in humans is crucial and relies on various bacteria. Veillonella spp., gut lactate-utilizing bacteria, and lactate-producing bacteria were frequently co-isolated. A recent clinical trial has revealed that lactate-producing bacteria in humans cross-feed lactate to Veillonella spp.; however, their interspecies interaction mechanisms remain unclear. Veillonella dispar, an obligate anaerobe commonly found in the human gut and oral cavity, ferments lactate into acetate and propionate. In our study, we investigated the interaction between V. dispar ATCC 17748T and three representative phylogenetically distant strains of lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356T, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei ATCC 27216T, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 10241. Bacterial growth, viability, metabolism and gene level adaptations during bacterial interaction were examined. V. dispar exhibited the highest degree of mutualism with L. acidophilus. During co-culture of V. dispar with L. acidophilus, both bacteria exhibited enhanced growth and increased viability. V. dispar demonstrated an upregulation of amino acid biosynthesis pathways and the aspartate catabolic pathway. L. acidophilus also showed a considerable number of upregulated genes related to growth and lactate fermentation. Our results support that V. dispar is able to enhance the fermentative capability of L. acidophilus by presumably consuming the produced lactate, and that L. acidophilus cross-feed not only lactate, but also glutamate, to V. dispar during co-culture. The cross-fed glutamate enters the central carbon metabolism in V. dispar. These findings highlight an intricate metabolic relationship characterized by cross-feeding of lactate and glutamate in parallel with considerable gene regulation within both L. acidophilus (lactate-producing) and V. dispar (lactate-utilizing). The mechanisms of mutualistic interactions between a traditional probiotic bacterium and a potential next-generation probiotic bacterium were elucidated in the production of short-chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐Min Zhang
- Program in Molecular MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jia‐He Hung
- School of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tran Ngoc Yen
- Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Shir‐Ly Huang
- Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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144
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Gallardo P, Izquierdo M, Viver T, Bustos-Caparros E, Piras D, Vidal RM, Harmsen HJ, Farfan MJ. A metagenomic approach to unveil the association between fecal gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in diarrhea caused by diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in children. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2024; 11:116-127. [PMID: 38799407 PMCID: PMC11122282 DOI: 10.15698/mic2024.04.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is the main cause of diarrhea in children under five years old. The virulence of DEC is tightly regulated by environmental signals influenced by the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolic product of anaerobic fermentation in the gut, but their role in DEC diarrhea has not yet been established. In this study, we determine the levels of acetate, propionate, and butyrate in stool samples from children with diarrhea caused by DEC, and we identify bacteria from the fecal gut microbiota associated with the production of SCFAs. The microbiota and SCFAs levels in stool samples obtained from 40 children with diarrhea and 43 healthy children were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and HPLC, respectively. Additionally, shotgun metagenomics was used to identify metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) in a subgroup of samples. The results showed significantly higher levels of all SCFAs tested in diarrheal samples than in healthy controls. The abundance of Streptococcus sp., Limosilactobacillus, Blautia, Escherichia, Bacteroides, Megamonas, and Roseburia was higher in the DEC group than in healthy individuals. Functional analysis of bacteria and their main metabolic pathways made it possible to identify species MAGs that could be responsible for the detected SCFAs levels in DEC-positive diarrhea. In conclusion, based on our results and published data, we suggest that SCFAs may be important in the crosstalk between the microbiota and DEC pathogens in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gallardo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Departamento de Cirugía y Pediatría Oriente, CICA Hospital Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Izquierdo
- Departamento de Cirugía y Pediatría Oriente, CICA Hospital Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomeu Viver
- Marine Microbiology Group, Department of Animal and Microbial Diversity, Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Esteban Bustos-Caparros
- Marine Microbiology Group, Department of Animal and Microbial Diversity, Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Dana Piras
- Departamento de Cirugía y Pediatría Oriente, CICA Hospital Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto M. Vidal
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hermie J.M. Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mauricio J. Farfan
- Departamento de Cirugía y Pediatría Oriente, CICA Hospital Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Huangfu W, Cao S, Li S, Zhang S, Liu M, Liu B, Zhu X, Cui Y, Wang Z, Zhao J, Shi Y. In vitro and in vivo fermentation models to study the function of dietary fiber in pig nutrition. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:314. [PMID: 38683435 PMCID: PMC11058960 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The importance of dietary fiber (DF) in animal diets is increasing with the advancement of nutritional research. DF is fermented by gut microbiota to produce metabolites, which are important in improving intestinal health. This review is a systematic review of DF in pig nutrition using in vitro and in vivo models. The fermentation characteristics of DF and the metabolic mechanisms of its metabolites were summarized in an in vitro model, and it was pointed out that SCFAs and gases are the important metabolites connecting DF, gut microbiota, and intestinal health, and they play a key role in intestinal health. At the same time, some information about host-microbe interactions could have been improved through traditional animal in vivo models, and the most direct feedback on nutrients was generated, confirming the beneficial effects of DF on sow reproductive performance, piglet intestinal health, and growing pork quality. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of different fermentation models were compared. In future studies, it is necessary to flexibly combine in vivo and in vitro fermentation models to profoundly investigate the mechanism of DF on the organism in order to promote the development of precision nutrition tools and to provide a scientific basis for the in-depth and rational utilization of DF in animal husbandry. KEY POINTS: • The fermentation characteristics of dietary fiber in vitro models were reviewed. • Metabolic pathways of metabolites and their roles in the intestine were reviewed. • The role of dietary fiber in pigs at different stages was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Huangfu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shixi Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shouren Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Shuhang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Boshuai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yalei Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zhichang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Yinghua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, No.15 Longzihu University Area, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
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Yang K, Zeng J, Wu H, Liu H, Ding Z, Liang W, Wu L, Lin Z, Huang W, Xu J, Dong F. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Changes in Gut Microbiota and Blood Lipids. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2024; 12:333-345. [PMID: 38638378 PMCID: PMC11022063 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is 25%. This study aimed to explore differences in the gut microbial community and blood lipids between normal livers and those affected by NAFLD using 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing. Methods Gut microbiome profiles of 40 NAFLD and 20 non-NAFLD controls were analyzed. Information about four blood lipids and 13 other clinical features was collected. Patients were divided into three groups by ultrasound and FibroScan, those with a normal liver, mild FL (FL1), and moderate-to-severe FL (FL2). FL1 and FL2 patients were divided into two groups, those with either hyperlipidemia or non-hyperlipidemia based on their blood lipids. Potential keystone species within the groups were identified using univariate analysis and a specificity-occupancy plot. Significant difference in biochemical parameters ion NAFLD patients and healthy individuals were identified by detrended correspondence analysis and canonical correspondence analysis. Results Decreased gut bacterial diversity was found in patients with NAFLD. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes decreased as NAFLD progressed. Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus 2 were the most representative fatty-related bacteria. Glutamate pyruvic transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and white blood cell count were selected as the most significant biochemical indexes. Calculation of areas under the curve identified two microbiomes combined with the three biochemical indexes that identified normal liver and FL2 very well but performed poorly in diagnosing FL1. Conclusions Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus 2, combined with glutamate pyruvic transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and white blood cell count distinguished NAFLD. We speculate that regulating the health of gut microbiota may release NAFLD, in addition to providing new targets for clinicians to treat NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huaiyu Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Huiyu Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Zhimin Ding
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyu Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Linghu Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Ziwei Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
| | - Fajin Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen,Guangdong, China
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147
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Chui ZSW, Chan LML, Zhang EWH, Liang S, Choi EPH, Lok KYW, Tun HM, Kwok JYY. Effects of microbiome-based interventions on neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9558. [PMID: 38664425 PMCID: PMC11045862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59250-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by neuronal damage and progressive loss of neuron function. Microbiome-based interventions, such as dietary interventions, biotics, and fecal microbiome transplant, have been proposed as a novel approach to managing symptoms and modulating disease progression. Emerging clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of interventions modulating the GM in alleviating or reversing disease progression, yet no comprehensive synthesis have been done. A systematic review of the literature was therefore conducted to investigate the efficacy of microbiome-modulating methods. The search yielded 4051 articles, with 15 clinical trials included. The overall risk of bias was moderate in most studies. Most microbiome-modulating interventions changed the GM composition. Despite inconsistent changes in GM composition, the meta-analysis showed that microbiome-modulating interventions improved disease burden (SMD, - 0.57; 95% CI - 0.93 to - 0.21; I2 = 42%; P = 0.002) with a qualitative trend of improvement in constipation. However, current studies have high methodological heterogeneity and small sample sizes, requiring more well-designed and controlled studies to elucidate the complex linkage between microbiome, microbiome-modulating interventions, and NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Siu Wa Chui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lily Man Lee Chan
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Esther Wan Hei Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Suisha Liang
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edmond Pui Hang Choi
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kris Yuet Wan Lok
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein Min Tun
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jojo Yan Yan Kwok
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Centre on Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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148
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Facchin S, Bertin L, Bonazzi E, Lorenzon G, De Barba C, Barberio B, Zingone F, Maniero D, Scarpa M, Ruffolo C, Angriman I, Savarino EV. Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: From Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implications. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:559. [PMID: 38792581 PMCID: PMC11122327 DOI: 10.3390/life14050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of diverse microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a pivotal role in breaking down undigested foods, such as dietary fibers. Through the fermentation of these food components, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced, offering numerous health benefits to the host. The production and absorption of these SCFAs occur through various mechanisms within the human intestine, contingent upon the types of dietary fibers reaching the gut and the specific microorganisms engaged in fermentation. Medical literature extensively documents the supplementation of SCFAs, particularly butyrate, in the treatment of gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, and gut-brain-related disorders. This review seeks to provide an overview of the dynamics involved in the production and absorption of acetate, propionate, and butyrate within the human gut. Additionally, it will focus on the pivotal roles these SCFAs play in promoting gastrointestinal and metabolic health, as well as their current therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Facchin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Luisa Bertin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Erica Bonazzi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Greta Lorenzon
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Caterina De Barba
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigida Barberio
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Daria Maniero
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Marco Scarpa
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Cesare Ruffolo
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Imerio Angriman
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
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Han W, Wang J, Yan X, Liu C, Huang J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Hou Y, Zheng W, Li G. Butyrate and iso-butyrate: a new perspective on nutrition prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:24. [PMID: 38658555 PMCID: PMC11043397 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary imbalance, such as a lower proportion of complex carbohydrates and a higher protein diet, may contribute to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risks through their metabolisms. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the association between butyrate, iso-butyrate, and GDM, which are metabolisms of the two primary nutrients above. This study aimed to clarify the association of butyrate and iso-butyrate with GDM. METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted based on the Beijing Birth Cohort Study (BBCS) from 2017 to 2018. Totally, 99 singleton women were involved (GDM: n = 49, control: n = 50). All participants provided blood samples twice (in their first and second trimesters). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for butyrate and iso-butyrate detection. Unconditional logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The results showed that butyrate in the first trimester was negatively correlated with GDM (odds ratio (OR): 0.00, 95% confidential interval (CI): 0.00-0.21, P = 0.008), and iso-butyrate in the second trimester was positively related to GDM (OR: 627.68, 95% CI: 40.51-9724.56, P < 0.001). The ratio (butyrate/iso-butyrate) was negatively associated with GDM, both in the first trimester (OR: 0.00, 95%CI: 0.00-0.05, P < 0.001) and in the second trimester (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34-0.80, P = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC) using the ratio in the first trimester combined with clinical risk factors achieved 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.95). Iso-butyrate in the second trimester combined with clinical risk factors achieved an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92-1.00). CONCLUSIONS High iso-butyrate and low butyrate levels may be associated with an increased risk of GDM. As they are produced through dietary nutrient formation by gut microbiota, further studies on the association of dietary intake and butyrate or iso-butyrate concentration in plasma may help find a novel approach to nutritional intervention for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Han
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lirui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Zhao
- Hyproca Nutrition Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanmei Hou
- Hyproca Nutrition Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China.
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150
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Chen H, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Yang B. Isolation and Characterisation of Streptococcus spp. with Human Milk Oligosaccharides Utilization Capacity from Human Milk. Foods 2024; 13:1291. [PMID: 38731662 PMCID: PMC11083076 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) that promote the growth of beneficial gut microbes in infants are abundant in human milk. Streptococcus, one of the dominant genera in human milk microbiota, is also highly prevalent in the infant gut microbiota, possibly due to its adeptness at utilizing HMOs. While previous studies have mainly focused on HMO interactions with gut bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides spp., the interaction with Streptococcus spp. has not been fully explored. In this study, Streptococcus spp. was isolated from human milk and identified to exhibit extensive capabilities in utilizing HMOs. Their consumption rates of 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL), and lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) closely matched those of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697. Furthermore, we assessed the safety-related genes in the genomes of the Streptococcus species capable of utilizing HMOs, revealing potential virulence and resistance genes. In addition, no haemolytic activity was observed. These findings expand the knowledge of metabolic interactions and networks within the microbiota of human milk and the early life human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (H.C.); (J.Z.); (H.Z.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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