101
|
Anandhan A, Jacome MS, Lei S, Hernandez-Franco P, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Powers R, Franco R. Metabolic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Bioenergetics, Redox Homeostasis and Central Carbon Metabolism. Brain Res Bull 2017; 133:12-30. [PMID: 28341600 PMCID: PMC5555796 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the accumulation of protein inclusions (Lewy bodies) are the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is triggered by genetic alterations, environmental/occupational exposures and aging. However, the exact molecular mechanisms linking these PD risk factors to neuronal dysfunction are still unclear. Alterations in redox homeostasis and bioenergetics (energy failure) are thought to be central components of neurodegeneration that contribute to the impairment of important homeostatic processes in dopaminergic cells such as protein quality control mechanisms, neurotransmitter release/metabolism, axonal transport of vesicles and cell survival. Importantly, both bioenergetics and redox homeostasis are coupled to neuro-glial central carbon metabolism. We and others have recently established a link between the alterations in central carbon metabolism induced by PD risk factors, redox homeostasis and bioenergetics and their contribution to the survival/death of dopaminergic cells. In this review, we focus on the link between metabolic dysfunction, energy failure and redox imbalance in PD, making an emphasis in the contribution of central carbon (glucose) metabolism. The evidence summarized here strongly supports the consideration of PD as a disorder of cell metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annadurai Anandhan
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States; Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Maria S Jacome
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States
| | - Shulei Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Pablo Hernandez-Franco
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States; Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | | | - Robert Powers
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68516, United States; Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68503, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Zhang X, Yuan D, Sun Q, Xu L, Lee E, Lewis AJ, Zuckerbraun BS, Rosengart MR. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase regulates the PINK1/Parkin and DJ-1 pathways of mitophagy during sepsis. FASEB J 2017; 31:4382-4395. [PMID: 28615325 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601096rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During sepsis and shock states, mitochondrial dysfunction occurs. Consequently, adaptive mechanisms, such as fission, fusion, and mitophagy, are induced to eliminate damaged portions or entire dysfunctional mitochondria. The regulatory PINK1/Parkin and DJ-1 pathways are strongly induced by mitochondrial depolarization, although a direct link between loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) and mitophagy has not been identified. Mitochondria also buffer Ca2+, and their buffering capacity is dependent on ΔΨ Here, we characterize a role for calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) I in the regulation of these mechanisms. Loss of ΔΨ with either pharmacologic depolarization or LPS leads to Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial recruitment and activation of CaMKI that precedes the colocalization of PINK1/Parkin and DJ-1. CaMKI is required and serves as both a PINK1 and Parkin kinase. The mechanisms operate in both immune and nonimmune cells and are induced in in vivo models of endotoxemia, sepsis, and hemorrhagic shock. These data support the idea that CaMKI links mitochondrial stress with the PINK1/Parkin and DJ-1 mechanisms of mitophagy.-Zhang, X., Yuan, D., Sun, Q., Xu, L., Lee, E., Lewis, A. J., Zuckerbraun, B. S., Rosengart, M. R. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase regulates the PINK1/Parkin and DJ-1 pathways of mitophagy during sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Du Yuan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Emma Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony J Lewis
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian S Zuckerbraun
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew R Rosengart
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Wang W, Ma X, Zhou L, Liu J, Zhu X. A conserved retromer sorting motif is essential for mitochondrial DLP1 recycling by VPS35 in Parkinson's disease model. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:781-789. [PMID: 28040727 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired mitochondria dynamics and quality control are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). VPS35 mutations cause autosomal dominant PD and we recently demonstrated that fPD-associated VPS35 mutants can cause mitochondrial fragmentation through enhanced VPS35-DLP1 interaction. In this study, we focused on the specific sites on DLP1 responsible for the VPS35-DLP1 interaction. A highly conserved FLV motif was identified in the C-terminus of DLP1, mutation of which significantly reduced VPS35-DLP1 interaction. A decoy peptide design based on this FLV motif could block the VPS35-DLP1 interaction and inhibit the recycling of mitochondrial DLP1 complexes. Importantly, VPS35 D620N mutant-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and respiratory deficits could be rescued by the treatment of this decoy peptide in both M17 cells overexpressing D620N or PD fibroblasts bearing this mutation. Overall, our results lend further support to the notion that VPS35-DLP1 interaction is key to the retromer-dependent recycling of mitochondrial DLP1 complex during mitochondrial fission and provide a novel therapeutic target to control excessive fission and associated mitochondrial deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xiaopin Ma
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Leping Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Kim T, Vemuganti R. Mechanisms of Parkinson's disease-related proteins in mediating secondary brain damage after cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:1910-1926. [PMID: 28273718 PMCID: PMC5444552 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17694186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Both Parkinson's disease (PD) and stroke are debilitating conditions that result in neuronal death and loss of neurological functions. These two conditions predominantly affect aging populations with the deterioration of the quality of life for the patients themselves and a tremendous burden to families. While the neurodegeneration and symptomology of PD develop chronically over the years, post-stroke neuronal death and dysfunction develop rapidly in days. Despite the discrepancy in the pathophysiological time frame and severity, both conditions share common molecular mechanisms that include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and activation of various cell death pathways (apoptosis/necrosis/autophagy) that synergistically modulate the neuronal death. Emerging evidence indicates that several proteins associated with early-onset familial PD play critical roles in mediating the neuronal death. Importantly, mutations in the genes encoding Parkin, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 and DJ-1 mediate autosomal recessive forms of PD, whereas mutations in the genes encoding leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 and α-synuclein are responsible for autosomal dominant PD. This review discusses the significance of these proteins with the emphasis on the role of α-synuclein in mediating post-ischemic brain damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- TaeHee Kim
- 1 Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,2 Neuroscience Training Program, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- 1 Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,2 Neuroscience Training Program, Madison, WI, USA.,3 Cellular & Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,4 William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Lumkwana D, du Toit A, Kinnear C, Loos B. Autophagic flux control in neurodegeneration: Progress and precision targeting—Where do we stand? Prog Neurobiol 2017; 153:64-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
|
106
|
The Role of Interleukin-18, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Alzheimer's Disease. J Clin Med 2017; 6:jcm6050055. [PMID: 28531131 PMCID: PMC5447946 DOI: 10.3390/jcm6050055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of interleukins (ILs) and oxidative stress (OS) in precipitating neurodegenerative diseases including sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), requires further clarification. In addition to neuropathological hallmarks-extracellular neuritic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) containing hyperphosphorylated tau and neuronal loss-chronic inflammation, as well as oxidative and excitotoxic damage, are present in the AD brain. The pathological sequelae and the interaction of these events during the course of AD need further investigation. The brain is particularly sensitive to OS, due to the richness of its peroxidation-sensitive fatty acids, coupled with its high oxygen demand. At the same time, the brain lack robust antioxidant systems. Among the multiple mechanisms and triggers by which OS can accumulate, inflammatory cytokines can sustain oxidative and nitrosative stress, leading eventually to cellular damage. Understanding the consequences of inflammation and OS may clarify the initial events underlying AD, including in interaction with genetic factors. Inflammatory cytokines are potential inducers of aberrant gene expression through transcription factors. Susceptibility disorders for AD, including obesity, type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome have been linked to increases in the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-18, which also regulates multiple AD related proteins. The association of IL-18 with AD and AD-linked medical conditions are reviewed in the article. Such data indicates that an active lifestyle, coupled to a healthy diet can ameliorate inflammation and reduce the risk of sporadic AD.
Collapse
|
107
|
Amatullah H, Shan Y, Beauchamp BL, Gali PL, Gupta S, Maron-Gutierrez T, Speck ER, Fox-Robichaud AE, Tsang JLY, Mei SHJ, Mak TW, Rocco PRM, Semple JW, Zhang H, Hu P, Marshall JC, Stewart DJ, Harper ME, Liaw PC, Liles WC, dos Santos CC. DJ-1/PARK7 Impairs Bacterial Clearance in Sepsis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:889-905. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0730oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hajera Amatullah
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Yuexin Shan
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Patricia L. Gali
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sahil Gupta
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| | - Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edwin R. Speck
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison E. Fox-Robichaud
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jennifer L. Y. Tsang
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H. J. Mei
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton (Niagara Campus), Ontario, Canada
| | - Tak W. Mak
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research at Princess Margaret Hospital, Ontario Cancer Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - John W. Semple
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haibo Zhang
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and
| | - John C. Marshall
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J. Stewart
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton (Niagara Campus), Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia C. Liaw
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - W. Conrad Liles
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Claudia C. dos Santos
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, and
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Mao Z, Liu C, Ji S, Yang Q, Ye H, Han H, Xue Z. The NLRP3 Inflammasome is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease in Rats. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1104-1115. [PMID: 28247334 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) are complicated and have not been fully elucidated, but an important association has been identified between inflammation and PD. In this study, we investigated the role of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) 3 inflammasome, consisting of NLRP3, caspase-1 and cytokines of the IL-1 family, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rats. Microinjection of different doses of caspase-1 inhibitor (Ac-YVAD-CMK, 300 or 1200 ng/rat) was performed for seven consecutive days. Then, rotational behavior, the number of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), and the mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components were measured 14 days after the microinjection setup was established. Results showed that high mRNA and protein expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components were observed in the injected side of the LPS- and 6-OHDA-induced PD rats; Ac-YVAD-CMK inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in both LPS- and 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. Moreover, the number of rotations was significantly decreased, and the number of DA neurons in the SNc improved. Our data indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome participates in the pathogenesis of PD and that inhibiting the downstream pathway of the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β axis can alleviate the occurrence of PD symptoms, providing a new basis for the prevention and treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Mao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Chanchan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Suqiong Ji
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Qingmei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Hongxiang Ye
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Haiyan Han
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Truban D, Hou X, Caulfield TR, Fiesel FC, Springer W. PINK1, Parkin, and Mitochondrial Quality Control: What can we Learn about Parkinson's Disease Pathobiology? JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2017; 7:13-29. [PMID: 27911343 PMCID: PMC5302033 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-160989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first clinical description of Parkinson's disease (PD) will embrace its two century anniversary in 2017. For the past 30 years, mitochondrial dysfunction has been hypothesized to play a central role in the pathobiology of this devastating neurodegenerative disease. The identifications of mutations in genes encoding PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase 1) and Parkin (E3 ubiquitin ligase) in familial PD and their functional association with mitochondrial quality control provided further support to this hypothesis. Recent research focused mainly on their key involvement in the clearance of damaged mitochondria, a process known as mitophagy. It has become evident that there are many other aspects of this complex regulated, multifaceted pathway that provides neuroprotection. As such, numerous additional factors that impact PINK1/Parkin have already been identified including genes involved in other forms of PD. A great pathogenic overlap amongst different forms of familial, environmental and even sporadic disease is emerging that potentially converges at the level of mitochondrial quality control. Tremendous efforts now seek to further detail the roles and exploit PINK1 and Parkin, their upstream regulators and downstream signaling pathways for future translation. This review summarizes the latest findings on PINK1/Parkin-directed mitochondrial quality control, its integration and cross-talk with other disease factors and pathways as well as the implications for idiopathic PD. In addition, we highlight novel avenues for the development of biomarkers and disease-modifying therapies that are based on a detailed understanding of the PINK1/Parkin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Truban
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas R. Caulfield
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Fabienne C. Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Abstract
Reactive species play an important role in physiological functions. Overproduction of reactive species, notably reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species along with the failure of balance by the body's antioxidant enzyme systems results in destruction of cellular structures, lipids, proteins, and genetic materials such as DNA and RNA. Moreover, the effects of reactive species on mitochondria and their metabolic processes eventually cause a rise in ROS/RNS levels, leading to oxidation of mitochondrial proteins, lipids, and DNA. Oxidative stress has been considered to be linked to the etiology of many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer diseases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich's ataxia, Huntington's disease, Multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's diseases. In addition, oxidative stress causing protein misfold may turn to other NDDs include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Kuru, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome, and Fatal Familial Insomnia. An overview of the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-linked NDDs has been summarized in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Torequl Islam
- a Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology , Federal University of Piauí (UFPI) , Teresina , Brazil.,b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Southern University Bangladesh (SUB) , Chittagong , Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Requejo-Aguilar R, Bolaños JP. Mitochondrial control of cell bioenergetics in Parkinson's disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 100:123-137. [PMID: 27091692 PMCID: PMC5065935 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The earliest biochemical signs of the disease involve failure in mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum cross talk and lysosomal function, mitochondrial electron chain impairment, mitochondrial dynamics alterations, and calcium and iron homeostasis abnormalities. These changes are associated with increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) and energy deficiency. Recently, it has been reported that, as an attempt to compensate for the mitochondrial dysfunction, neurons invoke glycolysis as a low-efficient mode of energy production in models of PD. Here, we review how mitochondria orchestrate the maintenance of cellular energetic status in PD, with special focus on the switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, as well as the implication of endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes in the control of bioenergetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Requejo-Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Institute Maimonides of Biomedical Investigation of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan P Bolaños
- Institute of Functional Biology and Genomics (IBFG), University of Salamanca-CSIC, Zacarias Gonzalez, 2, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Di Nottia M, Masciullo M, Verrigni D, Petrillo S, Modoni A, Rizzo V, Di Giuda D, Rizza T, Niceta M, Torraco A, Bianchi M, Santoro M, Bentivoglio AR, Bertini E, Piemonte F, Carrozzo R, Silvestri G. DJ-1 modulates mitochondrial response to oxidative stress: clues from a novel diagnosis of PARK7. Clin Genet 2016; 92:18-25. [PMID: 27460976 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DJ-1 mutations are associated to early-onset Parkinson's disease and accounts for about 1-2% of the genetic forms. The protein is involved in many biological processes and its role in mitochondrial regulation is gaining great interest, even if its function in mitochondria is still unclear. We describe a 47-year-old woman affected by a multisystem disorder characterized by progressive, early-onset parkinsonism plus distal spinal amyotrophy, cataracts and sensory-neural deafness associated with a novel homozygous c.461C>A [p.T154K] mutation in DJ-1. Patient's cultured fibroblasts showed low ATP synthesis, high ROS levels and reduced amount of some subunits of mitochondrial complex I; biomarkers of oxidative stress also resulted abnormal in patient's blood. The clinical pattern of multisystem involvement and the biochemical findings in our patient highlight the role for DJ-1 in modulating mitochondrial response against oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Di Nottia
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Masciullo
- SPInal REhabilitation Lab, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - D Verrigni
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Petrillo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Modoni
- Institute of Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - V Rizzo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Di Giuda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - T Rizza
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Niceta
- Division of Genetic Disorders and Rare Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Torraco
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Bianchi
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Santoro
- Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | | | - E Bertini
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - F Piemonte
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - R Carrozzo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
113
|
Rodríguez-Arribas M, Yakhine-Diop SMS, Pedro JMBS, Gómez-Suaga P, Gómez-Sánchez R, Martínez-Chacón G, Fuentes JM, González-Polo RA, Niso-Santano M. Mitochondria-Associated Membranes (MAMs): Overview and Its Role in Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6287-6303. [PMID: 27714635 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) are structures that regulate physiological functions between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria in order to maintain calcium signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis. Several proteins located in MAMs, including those encoded by PARK genes and some of neurodegeneration-related proteins (huntingtin, presenilin, etc.), ensure this regulation. In this regard, MAM alteration is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's (PD), Alzheimer's (AD), and Huntington's diseases (HD) and contributes to the appearance of the pathogenesis features, i.e., autophagy dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and lately, neuronal death. Moreover,, ER stress and/or damaged mitochondria can be the cause of these disruptions. Therefore, ER-mitochondria contact structure and function are crucial to multiple cellular processes. This review is focused on the molecular interaction between ER and mitochondria indispensable to MAM formation and on MAM alteration-induced etiology of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Rodríguez-Arribas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. De la Universidad S/N, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain.,Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain
| | - S M S Yakhine-Diop
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. De la Universidad S/N, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain.,Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain
| | - J M Bravo-San Pedro
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, 75006, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, 75006, Paris, France.,Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - P Gómez-Suaga
- Department Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute Kings College London, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - R Gómez-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Martínez-Chacón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. De la Universidad S/N, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain.,Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain
| | - J M Fuentes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. De la Universidad S/N, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain.,Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain
| | - R A González-Polo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. De la Universidad S/N, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain. .,Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - M Niso-Santano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. De la Universidad S/N, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain. .,Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, C.P, 10003, Cáceres, Cáceres, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Li J, Li S, Zhang L, Ouyang L, Liu B. Deconvoluting the complexity of autophagy and Parkinson's disease for potential therapeutic purpose. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40480-95. [PMID: 26415234 PMCID: PMC4747347 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the preferential death of dopaminergic neurons. In the past two decades, great progress has been made toward understanding the pathogenesis of PD; however, its precise pathogenesis still remains unclear. Recently, accumulating evidence has suggested that macroautophagy (herein referred to as autophagy) is tightly linked to PD. Dysregulation of autophagic pathways has been observed in the brains of PD patients and in animal models of PD. More importantly, a number of PD-associated proteins, such as α-synuclein, LRRK2, Parkin and PINK1 have been further revealed to be involved in autophagy. Thus, it is now acknowledged that constitutive autophagy is essential for neuronal survival and that dysregulation of autophagy leads to PD. In this review, we focus on summarizing the relationships amongst PD-associated proteins, autophagy and PD. Moreover, we also demonstrate some autophagy-modulating compounds and autophagic microRNAs in PD models, which may provide better promising strategies for potential PD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Network analysis reveals common host protein/s modulating pathogenesis of neurotropic viruses. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32593. [PMID: 27581498 PMCID: PMC5007645 DOI: 10.1038/srep32593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Network analysis through graph theory provides a quantitative approach to characterize specific proteins and their constituent assemblies that underlie host-pathogen interactions. In the present study, graph theory was used to analyze the interactome designed out of 50 differentially expressing proteins from proteomic analysis of Chandipura Virus (CHPV, Family: Rhabdoviridae) infected mouse brain tissue to identify the primary candidates for intervention. Using the measure of degree centrality, that quantifies the connectedness of a single protein within a milieu of several other interacting proteins, DJ-1 was selected for further molecular validation. To elucidate the generality of DJ-1’s role in propagating infection its role was also monitored in another RNA virus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV, Family: Flaviviridae) infection. Concurrently, DJ-1 got over-expressed in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation following viral infection which in the early phase of infection migrated to mitochondria to remove dysfunctional mitochondria through the process of mitophagy. DJ-1 was also observed to modulate the viral replication and interferon responses along with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor expression in neurons. Collectively these evidences reveal a comprehensive role for DJ-1 in neurotropic virus infection in the brain.
Collapse
|
116
|
Emerging (and converging) pathways in Parkinson's disease: keeping mitochondrial wellness. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:1020-1030. [PMID: 27581196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The selective cell loss in the ventral component of the substantia nigra pars compacta and the presence of alpha-synuclein (α-syn)-rich intraneuronal inclusions called Lewy bodies are the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common motor system disorder whose aetiology remains largely elusive. Although most cases of PD are idiopathic, there are rare familial forms of the disease that can be traced to single gene mutations that follow Mendelian inheritance pattern. The study of several nuclear encoded proteins whose mutations are linked to the development of autosomal recessive and dominant forms of familial PD enhanced our understanding of biochemical and cellular mechanisms contributing to the disease and suggested that many signs of neurodegeneration result from compromised mitochondrial function. Here we present an overview of the current understanding of PD-related mitochondrial dysfunction including defects in bioenergetics and Ca2+ homeostasis, mitochondrial DNA mutations, altered mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy. We emphasize, in particular, the convergence of many "apparently" different pathways towards a common route involving mitochondria. Understanding whether mitochondrial dysfunction in PD represents the cause or the consequence of the disease is challenging and will help to define the pathogenic processes at the basis of the PD onset and progression.
Collapse
|
117
|
Bose A, Beal MF. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2016; 139 Suppl 1:216-231. [PMID: 27546335 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 535] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. About 2% of the population above the age of 60 is affected by the disease. The pathological hallmarks of the disease include the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies that are made of α-synuclein. Several theories have been suggested for the pathogenesis of PD, of which mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in both sporadic and familial forms of the disease. Dysfunction of the mitochondria that is caused by bioenergetic defects, mutations in mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA gene mutations linked to mitochondria, and changes in dynamics of the mitochondria such fusion or fission, changes in size and morphology, alterations in trafficking or transport, altered movement of mitochondria, impairment of transcription, and the presence of mutated proteins associated with mitochondria are implicated in PD. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the mechanisms that can cause mitochondrial dysfunction in PD. We bring to the forefront, new signaling pathways such as the retromer-trafficking pathway and its implication in the disease and also provide a brief overview of therapeutic strategies to improve mitochondrial defects in PD. Bioenergetic defects, mutations in mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA gene mutations, alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, alterations in trafficking/transport and mitochondrial movement, abnormal size and morphology, impairment of transcription and the presence of mutated proteins associated with mitochondria are implicated in PD. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in PD and bring to the forefront new signaling pathways that may be involved in PD. We also provide an overview of therapeutic strategies to improve mitochondrial defects in PD. This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Bose
- Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.
| | - M Flint Beal
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Metals in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease: Relevance to Dementia with Lewy Bodies. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 60:279-288. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
119
|
Zhang Y, Gong XG, Wang ZZ, Sun HM, Guo ZY, Gai C, Hu JH, Ma L, Li P, Chen NH. Protective effects of DJ-1 medicated Akt phosphorylation on mitochondrial function are promoted by Da-Bu-Yin-Wan in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 187:83-93. [PMID: 27114059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Da-Bu-Yin-Wan (DBYW), a historically traditional Chinese medicine formula, was originally defined over 600 years ago. In recent decades, DBYW was clinically employed to treat Parkinson's disease (PD). AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the underlying mechanism of DBYW on mitochondrial function, we investigated the effect of DBYW on mitochondrial function from the perspectives of DJ-1 and Akt signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human derived neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were transiently transfected with the plasmid pcDNA3-Flag-DJ-1 aimed to overexpress the DJ-1 protein. Transfected cells were treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a PD-related mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, in the absence and presence of DBYW. The cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The protein expressions of DJ-1 and Akt signaling were examined by western blotting. The mitochondrial mass was evaluated by confocal fluorescence microscopy. The mitochondrial complex I activity and cellular ATP content were measured by commercial kits. RESULTS Transfection with pcDNA3-Flag-DJ-1 decreased the MPP(+)-induced toxicity and overexpressed the DJ-1. In DJ-1 overexpressed cells, the mitochondrial mass was raised, mitochondrial complex I activity was improved, and cellular ATP content was increased. In addition, overexpression of DJ-1 augmented the Akt phosphorylation on threonine 308 and serine 473. Moreover, DBYW promoted the above effects in DJ-1 expressed cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that DJ-1 protects the mitochondrial function by medicating Akt phosphorylation in MPP(+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, DBYW enhances the protective effect of DJ-1 medicated Akt phosphorylation on mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Xiao-Gang Gong
- Department of Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; College of Special Education, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100075, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hong-Mei Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Cong Gai
- Department of Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing-Hong Hu
- Center for Scientific Research, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Anatomy, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Xie Y, Chen Y. microRNAs: Emerging Targets Regulating Oxidative Stress in the Models of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:298. [PMID: 27445669 PMCID: PMC4923223 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. This chronic, progressive disease is characterized by loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies (LBs) in surviving neurons. PD is attributed to a combination of environment and genetic factors, but the precise underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Oxidative stress is generally recognized as one of the main causes of PD, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to DA neuron vulnerability and eventual death. Several studies have demonstrated that small non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo models of PD. Relevant miRNAs involved in oxidative stress can prevent ROS-mediated damage to DA neurons, suggesting that specific miRNAs may be putative targets for novel therapeutic targets in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangmei Xie
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Kojima W, Kujuro Y, Okatsu K, Bruno Q, Koyano F, Kimura M, Yamano K, Tanaka K, Matsuda N. Unexpected mitochondrial matrix localization of Parkinson's disease-related DJ-1 mutants but not wild-type DJ-1. Genes Cells 2016; 21:772-88. [PMID: 27270837 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
DJ-1 has been identified as a gene responsible for recessive familial Parkinson's disease (familial Parkinsonism), which is caused by a mutation in the PARK7 locus. Consistent with the inferred correlation between Parkinson's disease and mitochondrial impairment, mitochondrial localization of DJ-1 and its implied role in mitochondrial quality control have been reported. However, the mechanism by which DJ-1 affects mitochondrial function remains poorly defined, and the mitochondrial localization of DJ-1 is still controversial. Here, we show the mitochondrial matrix localization of various pathogenic and artificial DJ-1 mutants by multiple independent experimental approaches including cellular fractionation, proteinase K protection assays, and specific immunocytochemistry. Localization of various DJ-1 mutants to the matrix is dependent on the membrane potential and translocase activity in both the outer and the inner membranes. Nevertheless, DJ-1 possesses neither an amino-terminal alpha-helix nor a predictable matrix-targeting signal, and a post-translocation processing-derived molecular weight change is not observed. In fact, wild-type DJ-1 does not show any evidence of mitochondrial localization at all. Such a mode of matrix localization of DJ-1 is difficult to explain by conventional mechanisms and implies a unique matrix import mechanism for DJ-1 mutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waka Kojima
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yuki Kujuro
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Tachikawa Hospital, 4-2-22 Nishikimachi, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8531, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kei Okatsu
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Structural Biology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Queliconi Bruno
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Fumika Koyano
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Mayumi Kimura
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Koji Yamano
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan.,Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.,PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Potential Role of Epigenetic Mechanism in Manganese Induced Neurotoxicity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2548792. [PMID: 27314012 PMCID: PMC4899583 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2548792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Manganese is a vital nutrient and is maintained at an optimal level (2.5–5 mg/day) in human body. Chronic exposure to manganese is associated with neurotoxicity and correlated with the development of various neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Oxidative stress mediated apoptotic cell death has been well established mechanism in manganese induced toxicity. Oxidative stress has a potential to alter the epigenetic mechanism of gene regulation. Epigenetic insight of manganese neurotoxicity in context of its correlation with the development of parkinsonism is poorly understood. Parkinson's disease is characterized by the α-synuclein aggregation in the form of Lewy bodies in neuronal cells. Recent findings illustrate that manganese can cause overexpression of α-synuclein. α-Synuclein acts epigenetically via interaction with histone proteins in regulating apoptosis. α-Synuclein also causes global DNA hypomethylation through sequestration of DNA methyltransferase in cytoplasm. An individual genetic difference may also have an influence on epigenetic susceptibility to manganese neurotoxicity and the development of Parkinson's disease. This review presents the current state of findings in relation to role of epigenetic mechanism in manganese induced neurotoxicity, with a special emphasis on the development of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
|
123
|
Wang B, Cai Z, Tao K, Zeng W, Lu F, Yang R, Feng D, Gao G, Yang Q. Essential control of mitochondrial morphology and function by chaperone-mediated autophagy through degradation of PARK7. Autophagy 2016; 12:1215-28. [PMID: 27171370 PMCID: PMC4968227 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1179401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As a selective degradation system, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival under stress conditions. Increasing evidence points to an important role for the dysfunction of CMA in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). However, the mechanisms by which CMA regulates neuronal survival under stress and its role in neurodegenerative diseases are not fully understood. PARK7/DJ-1 is an autosomal recessive familial PD gene. PARK7 plays a critical role in antioxidative response and its dysfunction leads to mitochondrial defects. In the current study, we showed that CMA mediated the lysosome-dependent degradation of PARK7. Importantly, CMA preferentially removed the oxidatively damaged nonfunctional PARK7 protein. Furthermore, CMA protected cells from mitochondrial toxin MPP+-induced changes in mitochondrial morphology and function, and increased cell viability. These protective effects were lost under PARK7-deficiency conditions. Conversely, overexpression of PARK7 significantly attenuated the mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death exacerbated by blocking CMA under oxidative stress. Thus, our findings reveal a mechanism by which CMA protects mitochondrial function by degrading nonfunctional PARK7 and maintaining its homeostasis, and dysregulation of this pathway may contribute to the neuronal stress and death in PD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Wang
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Zhibiao Cai
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Kai Tao
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Weijun Zeng
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Fangfang Lu
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Ruixin Yang
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Dayun Feng
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Guodong Gao
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Qian Yang
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Activation Mechanism of LRRK2 and Its Cellular Functions in Parkinson's Disease. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2016; 2016:7351985. [PMID: 27293958 PMCID: PMC4880697 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7351985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human LRRK2 (Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2) has been associated with both familial and idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Although several LRRK2 mediated pathways and interaction partners have been identified, the cellular functions of LRRK2 and LRRK2 mediated progression of PD are still only partially understood. LRRK2 belongs to the group of Roco proteins which are characterized by the presence of a Ras-like G-domain (Roc), a C-terminal of Roc domain (COR), a kinase, and several protein-protein interaction domains. Roco proteins exhibit a complex activation mechanism involving intramolecular signaling, dimerization, and substrate/effector binding. Importantly, PD mutations in LRRK2 have been linked to a decreased GTPase and impaired kinase activity, thus providing putative therapeutic targets. To fully explore these potential targets it will be crucial to understand the function and identify the pathways responsible for LRRK2-linked PD. Here, we review the recent progress in elucidating the complex LRRK2 activation mechanism, describe the accumulating evidence that link LRRK2-mediated PD to mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant autophagy, and discuss possible ways for therapeutically targeting LRRK2.
Collapse
|
125
|
Demers-Lamarche J, Guillebaud G, Tlili M, Todkar K, Bélanger N, Grondin M, Nguyen AP, Michel J, Germain M. Loss of Mitochondrial Function Impairs Lysosomes. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:10263-76. [PMID: 26987902 PMCID: PMC4858975 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.695825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in mitochondrial function, as observed in neurodegenerative diseases, lead to disrupted energy metabolism and production of damaging reactive oxygen species. Here, we demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction also disrupts the structure and function of lysosomes, the main degradation and recycling organelle. Specifically, inhibition of mitochondrial function, following deletion of the mitochondrial protein AIF, OPA1, or PINK1, as well as chemical inhibition of the electron transport chain, impaired lysosomal activity and caused the appearance of large lysosomal vacuoles. Importantly, our results show that lysosomal impairment is dependent on reactive oxygen species. Given that alterations in both mitochondrial function and lysosomal activity are key features of neurodegenerative diseases, this work provides important insights into the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Demers-Lamarche
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and Centre de recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada and
| | - Gérald Guillebaud
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and Centre de recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada and
| | - Mouna Tlili
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and
| | - Kiran Todkar
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and Centre de recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada and
| | - Noémie Bélanger
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and
| | - Martine Grondin
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and
| | - Angela P Nguyen
- the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jennifer Michel
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and
| | - Marc Germain
- From the Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale and Centre de recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada and
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential homeostatic process for degrading cellular cargo. Aging organelles and protein aggregates are degraded by the autophagosome-lysosome pathway, which is particularly crucial in neurons. There is increasing evidence implicating defective autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Recent work using live-cell imaging has identified autophagy as a predominantly polarized process in neuronal axons; autophagosomes preferentially form at the axon tip and undergo retrograde transport back towards the cell body. Autophagosomes engulf cargo including damaged mitochondria (mitophagy) and protein aggregates, and subsequently fuse with lysosomes during axonal transport to effectively degrade their internalized cargo. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we review recent progress on the dynamics of the autophagy pathway in neurons and highlight the defects observed at each step of this pathway during neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvette C Wong
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - Erika L F Holzbaur
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Guerra de Souza AC, Prediger RD, Cimarosti H. SUMO-regulated mitochondrial function in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2016; 137:673-86. [PMID: 26932327 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cardinal motor signs such as rigidity, bradykinesia or rest tremor that arise from a significant death of dopaminergic neurons. Non-dopaminergic degeneration also occurs and it seems to induce the deficits in olfactory, emotional, and memory functions that precede the classical motor symptoms in PD. Despite the majority of PD cases being sporadic, several genes have previously been associated with the hereditary forms of the disease. The proteins encoded by some of these genes, including α-synuclein, DJ-1, and parkin, are modified by small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO), a post-translational modification that regulates a variety of cellular processes. Among the several pathogenic mechanisms proposed for PD is mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent studies suggest that SUMOylation can interfere with mitochondrial dynamics, which is essential for neuronal function, and may play a pivotal role in PD pathogenesis. Here, we present an overview of recent studies on mitochondrial disturbance in PD and the potential SUMO-modified proteins and pathways involved in this process. SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, interferes with mitochondrial dynamics, and may play a pivotal role in Parkinson's disease (PD). SUMOylation maintains α-synuclein (α-syn) in a soluble form and activates DJ-1, decreasing mitochondrial oxidative stress. SUMOylation may reduce the amount of parkin available for mitochondrial recruitment and decreases mitochondrial biogenesis through suppression of peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1 α (PGC-1α). Mitochondrial fission can be regulated by dynamin-related protein 1 SUMO-1- or SUMO-2/3-ylation. A fine balance for the SUMOylation/deSUMOylation of these proteins is required to ensure adequate mitochondrial function in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Guerra de Souza
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rui Daniel Prediger
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Helena Cimarosti
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Glat MJ, Ben-Zur T, Barhum Y, Offen D. Neuroprotective Effect of a DJ-1 Based Peptide in a Toxin Induced Mouse Model of Multiple System Atrophy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148170. [PMID: 26901405 PMCID: PMC4763099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia and dysautonomia, in various combinations. In MSA with parkinsonism (MSA-P), the degeneration is mainly restricted to the substantia nigra pars compacta and putamen. Studies have identified alterations in DJ-1 (PARK7), a key component of the anti-oxidative stress response, in Parkinson's disease (PD) and MSA patients. Previously we have shown that a short DJ-1-based peptide named ND-13, protected cultured cells against neurotoxic insults and improved behavioral outcome in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we used the 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP)-induced mouse model of MSA and treated the animals with ND-13 in order to evaluate its therapeutic effects. Our results show that ND-13 protects cultured cells against oxidative stress generated by the mitochondrial inhibitor, 3-NP. Moreover, we show that ND-13 attenuates nigrostriatal degeneration and improves performance in motor-related behavioral tasks in 3-NP-treated mice. Our findings suggest a rationale for using ND-13 as a promising therapeutic approach for treatment of MSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tali Ben-Zur
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Yael Barhum
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Daniel Offen
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Loss of DJ-1 impairs antioxidant response by altered glutamine and serine metabolism. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 89:112-25. [PMID: 26836693 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogene DJ-1 has been originally identified as a suppressor of PTEN. Further on, loss-of-function mutations have been described as a causative factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). DJ-1 has an important function in cellular antioxidant responses, but its role in central metabolism of neurons is still elusive. We applied stable isotope assisted metabolic profiling to investigate the effect of a functional loss of DJ-1 and show that DJ-1 deficient neuronal cells exhibit decreased glutamine influx and reduced serine biosynthesis. By providing precursors for GSH synthesis, these two metabolic pathways are important contributors to cellular antioxidant response. Down-regulation of these pathways, as a result of loss of DJ-1 leads to an impaired antioxidant response. Furthermore, DJ-1 deficient mouse microglia showed a weak but constitutive pro-inflammatory activation. The combined effects of altered central metabolism and constitutive activation of glia cells raise the susceptibility of dopaminergic neurons towards degeneration in patients harboring mutated DJ-1. Our work reveals metabolic alterations leading to increased cellular instability and identifies potential new intervention points that can further be studied in the light of novel translational medicine approaches.
Collapse
|
130
|
DJ-1 deficiency alleviates steatosis in cultured hepatocytes. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-015-0689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
131
|
DJ-1 protects against undernutrition-induced atrophy through inhibition of the MAPK-ubiquitin ligase pathway in myoblasts. Life Sci 2015; 143:50-7. [PMID: 26408915 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study is to explore whether antioxidant DJ-1 protein affects the atrophy of skeletal muscle cell induced by undernutrition. MAIN METHODS To determine cell atrophic responses, L6 cell line and skeletal primary cells from mouse hind limbs were cultivated under condition of FBS-free and low glucose. Changes of protein expression were analyzed using Western blot. Overexpression and knockdown of DJ-1 was performed in cells to assess its influence on cell atrophic responses. KEY FINDINGS Undernutrition decreased cell size and increased the abundance of oxidized form and total form of DJ-1 protein in L6 myoblasts. The undernourished cells revealed an elevation in the expression of muscle-specific RING finger-1 (MuRF-1) and atrogin-1, and in the phosphorylations of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase compared with control groups. Moreover, DJ-1-knockout mice showed a decrease in cell size and an enhancement in the expression of MuRF-1 and atrogin-1, as well as in the phosphorylation of MAPKs in gastrocnemius muscles; these changes were also observed in L6 cells transfected with siRNA of DJ-1. On the other hand, L6 cells overexpressing full-length DJ-1 did not exhibit the alterations in cell size and ubiquitin ligases seen after undernourished states of control cells. Myotubes differentiated from L6 cells also showed elevated expression of MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 in response to undernutrition. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that DJ-1 protein may contribute to undernutrition-induced atrophy via MAPKs/ubiquitin ligase pathway in skeletal muscle cells.
Collapse
|
132
|
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets for protecting the heart against acute ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) are required to attenuate cardiomyocyte death, preserve myocardial function, and prevent the onset of heart failure. In this regard, a specific group of mitochondrial proteins, which have been linked to familial forms of Parkinson's disease (PD), may provide novel therapeutic targets for cardioprotection. In dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, these PD proteins, which include Parkin, PINK1, DJ-1, LRRK2, and α-synuclein, play essential roles in preventing cell death-through maintaining normal mitochondrial function, protecting against oxidative stress, mediating mitophagy, and preventing apoptosis. These rare familial forms of PD may therefore provide important insights into the pathophysiology underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of PD. Interestingly, these PD proteins are also present in the heart, but their role in myocardial health and disease is not clear. In this article, we review the role of these PD proteins in the heart and explore their potential as novel mitochondrial targets for cardioprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma A Mukherjee
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sang-Bing Ong
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sang-Ging Ong
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Parkinson's disease-associated mutant VPS35 causes mitochondrial dysfunction by recycling DLP1 complexes. Nat Med 2015; 22:54-63. [PMID: 26618722 PMCID: PMC4826611 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction represents a critical step during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and increasing evidence suggests abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and quality control as important underlying mechanisms. The VPS35 gene, which encodes a key component of the membrane protein-recycling retromer complex, is the third autosomal-dominant gene associated with PD. However, how VPS35 mutations lead to neurodegeneration remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that PD-associated VPS35 mutations caused mitochondrial fragmentation and cell death in cultured neurons in vitro, in mouse substantia nigra neurons in vivo and in human fibroblasts from an individual with PD who has the VPS35(D620N) mutation. VPS35-induced mitochondrial deficits and neuronal dysfunction could be prevented by inhibition of mitochondrial fission. VPS35 mutants showed increased interaction with dynamin-like protein (DLP) 1, which enhanced turnover of the mitochondrial DLP1 complexes via the mitochondria-derived vesicle-dependent trafficking of the complexes to lysosomes for degradation. Notably, oxidative stress increased the VPS35-DLP1 interaction, which we also found to be increased in the brains of sporadic PD cases. These results revealed a novel cellular mechanism for the involvement of VPS35 in mitochondrial fission, dysregulation of which is probably involved in the pathogenesis of familial, and possibly sporadic, PD.
Collapse
|
134
|
Yang SH, Li W, Sumien N, Forster M, Simpkins JW, Liu R. Alternative mitochondrial electron transfer for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancers: Methylene blue connects the dots. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 157:273-291. [PMID: 26603930 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Brain has exceptional high requirement for energy metabolism with glucose as the exclusive energy source. Decrease of brain energy metabolism and glucose uptake has been found in patients of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases, providing a clear link between neurodegenerative disorders and energy metabolism. On the other hand, cancers, including glioblastoma, have increased glucose uptake and rely on aerobic glycolysis for energy metabolism. The switch of high efficient oxidative phosphorylation to low efficient aerobic glycolysis pathway (Warburg effect) provides macromolecule for biosynthesis and proliferation. Current research indicates that methylene blue, a century old drug, can receive electron from NADH in the presence of complex I and donates it to cytochrome c, providing an alternative electron transfer pathway. Methylene blue increases oxygen consumption, decrease glycolysis, and increases glucose uptake in vitro. Methylene blue enhances glucose uptake and regional cerebral blood flow in rats upon acute treatment. In addition, methylene blue provides protective effect in neuron and astrocyte against various insults in vitro and in rodent models of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease. In glioblastoma cells, methylene blue reverses Warburg effect by enhancing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, arrests glioma cell cycle at s-phase, and inhibits glioma cell proliferation. Accordingly, methylene blue activates AMP-activated protein kinase, inhibits downstream acetyl-coA carboxylase and cyclin-dependent kinases. In summary, there is accumulating evidence providing a proof of concept that enhancement of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation via alternative mitochondrial electron transfer may offer protective action against neurodegenerative diseases and inhibit cancers proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Yang
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
| | - Wenjun Li
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Nathalie Sumien
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Michael Forster
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - James W Simpkins
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Neuroscience, Health Science Center, West Virginia University, Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Ran Liu
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Messaoudi N, Bouloc P, Richarme G, Mihoub M, Lelandais G, Gautier V, Landoulsi A, Dairou J. Fermentation and alternative respiration compensate for NADH dehydrogenase deficiency in a prokaryotic model of DJ-1-associated Parkinsonism. Microbiology (Reading) 2015; 161:2220-31. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
136
|
Haddad D, Nakamura K. Understanding the susceptibility of dopamine neurons to mitochondrial stressors in Parkinson's disease. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3702-13. [PMID: 26526613 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are undoubtedly changed in Parkinson's disease (PD), and mitochondrial functions are disrupted in genetic and pharmacologic models of PD. However, many of these changes might not truly drive neurodegeneration. PD is defined by the particular susceptibility of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons, but little is understood about the mitochondria in these cells. Here, we critically review the evidence that mitochondrial stressors cause PD. We then consider how changes in the intrinsic function of mitochondria and in their mass, distribution, and dynamics might synergize with an increased need for mitochondria and produce PD, and the importance of understanding how mitochondria contribute to its pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Haddad
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ken Nakamura
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, and Graduate Programs in Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Toyoda Y, Saitoh S. Adaptive regulation of glucose transport, glycolysis and respiration for cell proliferation. Biomol Concepts 2015; 6:423-30. [PMID: 26418646 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2015-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell must utilise nutrients to generate energy as a means of sustaining its life. As the environment is not necessarily abundant in nutrients and oxygen, the cell must be able to regulate energy metabolism to adapt to changes in extracellular and intracellular conditions. Recently, several key regulators of energy metabolism have been reported. This review describes the recent advances in molecular regulation of energy metabolism, focusing mainly on glycolysis and its shunt pathways. Human diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, are also discussed in relation to failure of energy metabolism regulation.
Collapse
|
138
|
Activation of endogenous antioxidants as a common therapeutic strategy against cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular diseases: A lesson learnt from DJ-1. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 156:69-74. [PMID: 26432617 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This review aims at presenting a new concept pertaining to the development of antioxidants, namely, to evolve from disease-oriented therapy to mechanism-oriented therapy. Using as our illustrative example is DJ-1, a homodimeric protein that is ubiquitously expressed in a variety of mammalian tissues, including the brain, and is found in the matrix and the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. DJ-1 is known to be an endogenous antioxidant against cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular diseases, of which oxidative stress plays a causal role. Interestingly, the mechanistic targets of DJ-1 as an antioxidant, including Daxx, Nrf2, thioredoxin, glutathione, α-synuclein, PTEN/PI3K/Akt, and Pink/Parkin are also associated with those oxidative stress-related diseases. Furthermore, activators of DJ-1 are available in the form of mortalin, phenylbutyrate and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1. It follows that activation of DJ-1 as a common endogenous antioxidant provides a new strategy against cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular diseases. Since clinical trials on exogenous application of the known antioxidants have basically failed, an alternative approach would logically be to activate the endogenous antioxidants that are already present in the appropriate cellular locale where elevated oxidative stress is the culprit for the disease. At the same time, since oxidative stress is a common denominator among cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular diseases, development of antioxidant therapy should target the reduction in reactive oxygen species. Instead of focusing on disease-oriented therapy, pharmaceutical companies should concentrate on developing agents and dosing schemes for effective activation of the endogenous antioxidants that are associated with a multitude of oxidative stress-related diseases (mechanism-oriented therapy).
Collapse
|
139
|
Mitochondria: A Therapeutic Target for Parkinson's Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20704-30. [PMID: 26340618 PMCID: PMC4613227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160920704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The exact causes of neuronal damage are unknown, but mounting evidence indicates that mitochondrial-mediated pathways contribute to the underlying mechanisms of dopaminergic neuronal cell death both in PD patients and in PD animal models. Mitochondria are organized in a highly dynamic tubular network that is continuously reshaped by opposing processes of fusion and fission. Defects in either fusion or fission, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation, limit mitochondrial motility, decrease energy production and increase oxidative stress, thereby promoting cell dysfunction and death. Thus, the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics processes, such as fusion, fission and mitophagy, represents important mechanisms controlling neuronal cell fate. In this review, we summarize some of the recent evidence supporting that impairment of mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial import occurs in cellular and animal PD models and disruption of these processes is a contributing mechanism to cell death in dopaminergic neurons. We also summarize mitochondria-targeting therapeutics in models of PD, proposing that modulation of mitochondrial impairment might be beneficial for drug development toward treatment of PD.
Collapse
|
140
|
Bhat AH, Dar KB, Anees S, Zargar MA, Masood A, Sofi MA, Ganie SA. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases; a mechanistic insight. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 74:101-10. [PMID: 26349970 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 605] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria is one of the main source of oxidative stress (ROS), as it utilizes the oxygen for the energy production. ROS and RNS are normally generated by tightly regulated enzymes. Excessive stimulation of NAD(P)H and electron transport chain leads to the overproduction of ROS, results in oxidative stress, which is a good mediator to injure the cell structures, lipids, proteins, and DNA. Various oxidative events implicated in many diseases due to oxidative stress include alteration in mitochondrial proteins, mitochondrial lipids and mitochondrial DNA, Which in turn leads to the damage to nerve cell as they are metabolically very active. ROS/RNS at moderate concentrations also play roles in normal physiology of many processes like signaling pathways, induction of mitogenic response and in defense against infectious pathogens. Oxidative stress has been considered to be the main cause in the etiology of many diseases, which includes Parkinson's and Alzheimer diseases. Several PD associated genes have been found to be involved in mitochondrial function, dynamics and morphology as well. This review includes source of free radical generation, chemistry and biochemistry of ROS/RNS and mitochondrial dysfunction and the mechanism involved in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aashiq Hussain Bhat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Khalid Bashir Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Suhail Anees
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | | | - Akbar Masood
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Sofi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Showkat Ahmad Ganie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India.
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Abdullah R, Basak I, Patil KS, Alves G, Larsen JP, Møller SG. Parkinson's disease and age: The obvious but largely unexplored link. Exp Gerontol 2015; 68:33-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
142
|
Jaramillo-Gómez J, Niño A, Arboleda H, Arboleda G. Overexpression of DJ-1 protects against C2-ceramide-induced neuronal death through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and inhibition of autophagy. Neurosci Lett 2015. [PMID: 26222260 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder. It is characterized by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Early-onset familial forms of PD are associated with mutations in several genes, including parkin, pink1 and dj-1. DJ-1 encodes a protein whose neuroprotective function has not been completely clarified yet. We aim to understand the neuroprotective mechanisms of DJ-1, in particular, DJ-1's involvement in the regulation of the PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway and neuronal autophagy in a neurotoxic context induced by C2-ceramide, by using CAD cells, a murine cathecolaminergic cell line. We demonstrated that C2-ceramide induces CAD cell death associated with decreased phosphorylation of PTEN at Ser380, AKT at Ser473, and mTOR at Ser2448; and increased of autophagic flux (increased LC3-II and autophagosome formation). Additionally, we showed that overexpression of DJ-1 protects against C2-ceramide-induced neuronal death and it is not associated with change in the phosphorylation of mTOR at Ser2448. In conclusion, these data suggest that DJ-1 reinforces the PI3K/AKT survival pathway and inhibits autophagy, probably by a mechanism independent from mTOR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Jaramillo-Gómez
- Neuroscience and Cell Death Group, Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Genetics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrea Niño
- Neuroscience and Cell Death Group, Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Genetics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Humberto Arboleda
- Neuroscience and Cell Death Group, Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Genetics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gonzalo Arboleda
- Neuroscience and Cell Death Group, Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Genetics, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Penicillium chrysogenum as a model system for studying cellular effects of methylglyoxal. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:138. [PMID: 26156309 PMCID: PMC4496818 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background α-oxoaldehydes are formed as toxic by-products during metabolic activity. The biologically most important compound of this class, methylglyoxal, results from spontaneous phosphate elimination from dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate which are intermediate glycolysis products. Methylglyoxal-mediated modification of lipids, nucleic acids and proteins is known to lead to the formation of advanced glycation end products. These modifications contribute to the aetiology of severe diseases like diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. By using simple model organisms it is possible to conveniently study the effects of methylglyoxal on cellular processes. Here, results are presented on the effects of methylglyoxal on mycelium growth, stationary phase entry (monitored by autophagy induction), mitochondrial morphology and protein composition in the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum. Results Methylglyoxal leads to growth rate reduction of this fungus so that the entry into the stationary phase is delayed. Mitochondrial morphology is not changed by methylglyoxal. However, rapamycin-mediated fragmentation of mitochondria is prevented by methylglyoxal. Furthermore, three proteins are identified that are present in lower abundance when methylglyoxal is added to the growth medium (aldo-keto reductase [Pc22g04850], 5-methyl-tetrahydropteroyl-triglutamate-homocysteine S-methyltransferase [Pc22g18630] and NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase [Pc12g04310]). Conclusions The presented results contribute to the understanding of cellular pathways and mechanisms that are affected by the ubiquitous α-oxoaldehyde methylglyoxal.
Collapse
|
144
|
Blesa J, Trigo-Damas I, Quiroga-Varela A, Jackson-Lewis VR. Oxidative stress and Parkinson's disease. Front Neuroanat 2015. [PMID: 26217195 PMCID: PMC4495335 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2015.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 526] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurological disease that is associated with a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the brain. The molecular mechanisms underlying the loss of these neurons still remain elusive. Oxidative stress is thought to play an important role in dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Complex I deficiencies of the respiratory chain account for the majority of unfavorable neuronal degeneration in PD. Environmental factors, such as neurotoxins, pesticides, insecticides, dopamine (DA) itself, and genetic mutations in PD-associated proteins contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction which precedes reactive oxygen species formation. In this mini review, we give an update of the classical pathways involving these mechanisms of neurodegeneration, the biochemical and molecular events that mediate or regulate DA neuronal vulnerability, and the role of PD-related gene products in modulating cellular responses to oxidative stress in the course of the neurodegenerative process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Blesa
- Centro Integral de Neurociencias A.C., HM Puerta del Sur, Hospitales de Madrid, Móstoles and Medical School, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid Spain
| | - Ines Trigo-Damas
- Centro Integral de Neurociencias A.C., HM Puerta del Sur, Hospitales de Madrid, Móstoles and Medical School, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid Spain
| | - Anna Quiroga-Varela
- Department of Medicine, Clinica Neurologica, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia - Università di Perugia, Perugia Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
145
|
DJ-1 links muscle ROS production with metabolic reprogramming and systemic energy homeostasis in mice. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7415. [PMID: 26077864 PMCID: PMC4490365 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been linked to a wide variety of pathologies, including obesity and diabetes, but ROS also act as endogenous signalling molecules, regulating numerous biological processes. DJ-1 is one of the most evolutionarily conserved proteins across species, and mutations in DJ-1 have been linked to some cases of Parkinson's disease. Here we show that DJ-1 maintains cellular metabolic homeostasis via modulating ROS levels in murine skeletal muscles, revealing a role of DJ-1 in maintaining efficient fuel utilization. We demonstrate that, in the absence of DJ-1, ROS uncouple mitochondrial respiration and activate AMP-activated protein kinase, which triggers Warburg-like metabolic reprogramming in muscle cells. Accordingly, DJ-1 knockout mice exhibit higher energy expenditure and are protected from obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes in the setting of fuel surplus. Our data suggest that promoting mitochondrial uncoupling may be a potential strategy for the treatment of obesity-associated metabolic disorders. The protein DJ-1 is known to have antioxidant effects in cells. Here, the authors reveal that DJ-1 has a role in coupling mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscles of mice, and show that absence of DJ-1 increases energy expenditure and protects mice from diet-induced obesity.
Collapse
|
146
|
De Rosa P, Marini ES, Gelmetti V, Valente EM. Candidate genes for Parkinson disease: Lessons from pathogenesis. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 449:68-76. [PMID: 26048192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of specific neuronal populations and accumulation of Lewy bodies in the brain, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. In a small subset of patients, PD is dominantly or recessively inherited, while a number of susceptibility genetic loci have been identified through genome wide association studies. The discovery of genes mutated in PD and functional studies on their protein products have provided new insights into the molecular events leading to neurodegeneration, suggesting that few interconnected molecular pathways may be deranged in all forms of PD, triggering neuronal loss. Here, we summarize the most relevant findings implicating the main PD-related proteins in biological processes such as mitochondrial dysfunction, misfolded protein damage, alteration of cellular clearance systems, abnormal calcium handling and altered inflammatory response, which represent key targets for neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla De Rosa
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, CSS-Mendel Institute, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Elettra Sara Marini
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, CSS-Mendel Institute, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; Dept. of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vania Gelmetti
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, CSS-Mendel Institute, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, CSS-Mendel Institute, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; Section of Neurosciences, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Rodriguez M, Rodriguez-Sabate C, Morales I, Sanchez A, Sabate M. Parkinson's disease as a result of aging. Aging Cell 2015; 14:293-308. [PMID: 25677794 PMCID: PMC4406659 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally considered that Parkinson's disease is induced by specific agents that degenerate a clearly defined population of dopaminergic neurons. Data commented in this review suggest that this assumption is not as clear as is often thought and that aging may be critical for Parkinson's disease. Neurons degenerating in Parkinson's disease also degenerate in normal aging, and the different agents involved in the etiology of this illness are also involved in aging. Senescence is a wider phenomenon affecting cells all over the body, whereas Parkinson's disease seems to be restricted to certain brain centers and cell populations. However, reviewed data suggest that Parkinson's disease may be a local expression of aging on cell populations which, by their characteristics (high number of synaptic terminals and mitochondria, unmyelinated axons, etc.), are highly vulnerable to the agents promoting aging. The development of new knowledge about Parkinson's disease could be accelerated if the research on aging and Parkinson's disease were planned together, and the perspective provided by gerontology gains relevance in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)La Laguna, Spain
| | - Clara Rodriguez-Sabate
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ingrid Morales
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)La Laguna, Spain
| | - Alberto Sanchez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
| | - Magdalena Sabate
- Rehabilitation Service, Department of Pharmacology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Norris KL, Hao R, Chen LF, Lai CH, Kapur M, Shaughnessy PJ, Chou D, Yan J, Taylor JP, Engelender S, West AE, Lim KL, Yao TP. Convergence of Parkin, PINK1, and α-Synuclein on Stress-induced Mitochondrial Morphological Remodeling. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:13862-74. [PMID: 25861987 PMCID: PMC4447961 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.634063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PARKIN (PARK2), an ubiquitin ligase, cause early onset Parkinson disease. Parkin was shown to bind, ubiquitinate, and target depolarized mitochondria for destruction by autophagy. This process, mitophagy, is considered crucial for maintaining mitochondrial integrity and suppressing Parkinsonism. Here, we report that under moderate mitochondrial stress, parkin does not translocate to mitochondria to induce mitophagy; rather, it stimulates mitochondrial connectivity. Mitochondrial stress-induced fusion requires PINK1 (PARK6), mitofusins, and parkin ubiquitin ligase activity. Upon exposure to mitochondrial toxins, parkin binds α-synuclein (PARK1), and in conjunction with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc13, stimulates K63-linked ubiquitination. Importantly, α-synuclein inactivation phenocopies parkin overexpression and suppresses stress-induced mitochondria fission, whereas Ubc13 inactivation abrogates parkin-dependent mitochondrial fusion. The convergence of parkin, PINK1, and α-synuclein on mitochondrial dynamics uncovers a common function of these PARK genes in the mitochondrial stress response and provides a potential physiological basis for the prevalence of α-synuclein pathology in Parkinson disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Hao
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
| | - Liang-Fu Chen
- Neurobiology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | | | - Meghan Kapur
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
| | | | - Dennis Chou
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
| | - Jin Yan
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
| | - J Paul Taylor
- the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Simone Engelender
- the Department of Pharmacology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel, and
| | - Anna E West
- Neurobiology, Duke University, Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Kah-Leong Lim
- the Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tso-Pang Yao
- From the Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Lev N, Barhum Y, Ben-Zur T, Aharony I, Trifonov L, Regev N, Melamed E, Gruzman A, Offen D. A DJ-1 Based Peptide Attenuates Dopaminergic Degeneration in Mice Models of Parkinson's Disease via Enhancing Nrf2. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127549. [PMID: 26024237 PMCID: PMC4449207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs currently used for treating Parkinson's disease patients provide symptomatic relief without altering the neurodegenerative process. Our aim was to examine the possibility of using DJ-1 (PARK7), as a novel therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. We designed a short peptide, named ND-13. This peptide consists of a 13 amino acids segment of the DJ-1-protein attached to 7 amino acids derived from TAT, a cell penetrating protein. We examined the effects of ND-13 using in vitro and in vivo experimental models of Parkinson's disease. We demonstrated that ND-13 protects cultured cells against oxidative and neurotoxic insults, reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, activated the protective erythroid-2 related factor 2 system and increased cell survival. ND-13 robustly attenuated dopaminergic system dysfunction and in improved the behavioral outcome in the 6-hydroxydopamine mouse model of Parkinson's disease, both in wild type and in DJ-1 knockout mice. Moreover, ND-13 restored dopamine content in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model. These findings validate DJ-1 as a promising therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease and identify a novel peptide with clinical potential, which may be significant for a broader range of neurological diseases, possibly with an important impact for the neurosciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirit Lev
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Yael Barhum
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Tali Ben-Zur
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Israel Aharony
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Lena Trifonov
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Noa Regev
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Eldad Melamed
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Daniel Offen
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Jahani-Asl A, Huang E, Irrcher I, Rashidian J, Ishihara N, Lagace DC, Slack RS, Park DS. CDK5 phosphorylates DRP1 and drives mitochondrial defects in NMDA-induced neuronal death. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4573-83. [PMID: 26002103 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in mitochondrial fission and cyclin dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) activation are early events that precede neuronal loss following NMDA-induced neuronal death. Here, we report that the cytoplasmic CDK5 tightly regulates mitochondrial morphology defects associated with NMDA-induced neuronal injury via regulation of the mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1). We show that DRP1 is a direct target of CDK5. CDK5-mediated phosphorylation of DRP1 at a conserved Serine residue, S585, is elevated at the mitochondria and is associated with increased mitochondrial fission. Ectopic expression of a cytoplasmic CDK5 or mutant DRP1-S585D results in increased mitochondrial fragmentation in primary neurons. Conversely, expression of a dominant negative form of cytoplasmic CDK5 or mutant DRP1-S585A results in elongated mitochondria. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of CDK5 by Roscovitine inhibits DRP1 phosphorylation and mitochondrial fission associated with NMDA-induced neuronal loss. Importantly, conditional deletion of CDK5 significantly attenuates DRP1 phosphorylation at S585 and rescues mitochondrial fission defects in neurons exposed to NMDA. Our studies delineate an important mechanism by which CDK5 regulates mitochondrial morphology defects associated with neuronal injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezu Jahani-Asl
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University and Lady Davis Institute at Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Ch de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal QC, Canada H3T 1E2
| | - En Huang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Isabella Irrcher
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5, Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University and Hotel Dieu Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 5G2 and
| | - Juliet Rashidian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Naotada Ishihara
- Department of Protein Biochemistry, Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Kurume 839-0864, Japan
| | - Diane C Lagace
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Ruth S Slack
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5,
| | - David S Park
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5,
| |
Collapse
|