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Rosenkranz AA, Slastnikova TA. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: Key to Selective Intracellular Delivery. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 85:967-1092. [PMID: 33050847 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920090011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an integral surface protein mediating cellular response to a number of growth factors. Its overexpression and increased activation due to mutations is one of the most common traits of many types of cancer. Development and clinical use of the agents, which block EGFR activation, became a prime example of the personalized targeted medicine. However, despite the obvious success in this area, cancer cure remains unattainable in most cases. Because of that, as well as the result of the search for possible ways to overcome the difficulties of treatment, a huge number of new treatment methods relying on the use of EGFR overexpression and its changes to destroy cancer cells. Modern data on the structure, functioning, and intracellular transport of EGFR, its natural ligands, as well as signaling cascades triggered by the EGFR activation, peculiarities of the EGFR expression and activation in oncological disorders, as well as applied therapeutic approaches aimed at blocking EGFR signaling pathway are summarized and analyzed in this review. Approaches to the targeted delivery of various chemotherapeutic agents, radionuclides, immunotoxins, photosensitizers, as well as the prospects for gene therapy aimed at cancer cells with EGFR overexpression are reviewed in detail. It should be noted that increasing attention is being paid nowadays to the development of multifunctional systems, either carrying several different active agents, or possessing several environment-dependent transport functions. Potentials of the systems based on receptor-mediated endocytosis of EGFR and their possible advantages and limitations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Rosenkranz
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia. .,Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - T A Slastnikova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
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102
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von Zastrow M, Sorkin A. Mechanisms for Regulating and Organizing Receptor Signaling by Endocytosis. Annu Rev Biochem 2021; 90:709-737. [PMID: 33606955 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-081820-092427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Intricate relationships between endocytosis and cellular signaling, first recognized nearly 40 years ago through the study of tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors, are now known to exist for multiple receptor classes and to affect myriad physiological and developmental processes. This review summarizes our present understanding of how endocytosis orchestrates cellular signaling networks, with an emphasis on mechanistic underpinnings and focusing on two receptor classes-tyrosine kinase and G protein-coupled receptors-that have been investigated in particular detail. Together, these examples provide a useful survey of the current consensus, uncertainties, and controversies in this rapidly advancing area of cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark von Zastrow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA;
| | - Alexander Sorkin
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA;
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103
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Inceptor counteracts insulin signalling in β-cells to control glycaemia. Nature 2021; 590:326-331. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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104
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Kumar M, Joshi G, Chatterjee J, Kumar R. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and its Trafficking Regulation by Acetylation: Implication in Resistance and Exploring the Newer Therapeutic Avenues in Cancer. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1105-1123. [PMID: 32031073 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200207100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EGFR is overexpressed in numerous cancers. So, it becomes one of the most favorable drug targets. Single-acting EGFR inhibitors on prolong use induce resistance and side effects. Inhibition of EGFR and/or its interacting proteins by dual/combined/multitargeted therapies can deliver more efficacious drugs with less or no resistance. OBJECTIVE The review delves deeper to cover the aspects of EGFR mediated endocytosis, leading to its trafficking, internalization, and crosstalk(s) with HDACs. METHODS AND RESULTS This review is put forth to congregate relevant literature evidenced on EGFR, its impact on cancer prognosis, inhibitors, and its trafficking regulation by acetylation along with the current strategies involved in targeting these proteins (EGFR and HDACs) successfully by involving dual/hybrid/combination chemotherapy. CONCLUSION The current information on cross-talk of EGFR and HDACs would likely assist researchers in designing and developing dual or multitargeted inhibitors through combining the required pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvendra Kumar
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Joydeep Chatterjee
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
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105
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Zanin N, Viaris de Lesegno C, Lamaze C, Blouin CM. Interferon Receptor Trafficking and Signaling: Journey to the Cross Roads. Front Immunol 2021; 11:615603. [PMID: 33552080 PMCID: PMC7855707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.615603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Like most plasma membrane proteins, type I interferon (IFN) receptor (IFNAR) traffics from the outer surface to the inner compartments of the cell. Long considered as a passive means to simply control subunits availability at the plasma membrane, an array of new evidence establishes IFNAR endocytosis as an active contributor to the regulation of signal transduction triggered by IFN binding to IFNAR. During its complex journey initiated at the plasma membrane, the internalized IFNAR complex, i.e. IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 subunits, will experience post-translational modifications and recruit specific effectors. These finely tuned interactions will determine not only IFNAR subunits destiny (lysosomal degradation vs. plasma membrane recycling) but also the control of IFN-induced signal transduction. Finally, the IFNAR system perfectly illustrates the paradigm of the crosstalk between membrane trafficking and intracellular signaling. Investigating the complexity of IFN receptor intracellular routes is therefore necessary to reveal new insight into the role of IFNAR membrane dynamics in type I IFNs signaling selectivity and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Zanin
- NDORMS, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Viaris de Lesegno
- Institut Curie-Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie-Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, Paris, France
| | - Cedric M Blouin
- Institut Curie-Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, Paris, France
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106
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Saw WS, Anasamy T, Foo YY, Kwa YC, Kue CS, Yeong CH, Kiew LV, Lee HB, Chung LY. Delivery of Nanoconstructs in Cancer Therapy: Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shang Saw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | - Theebaa Anasamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | - Yiing Yee Foo
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | - Yee Chu Kwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | - Chin Siang Kue
- Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Management and Science University Shah Alam Selangor 40100 Malaysia
| | - Chai Hong Yeong
- School of Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Taylor's University Subang Jaya Selangor 47500 Malaysia
| | - Lik Voon Kiew
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | - Hong Boon Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
- School of Biosciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences Taylor's University Subang Jaya Selangor 47500 Malaysia
| | - Lip Yong Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
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107
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Saric A, Freeman SA. Endomembrane Tension and Trafficking. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:611326. [PMID: 33490077 PMCID: PMC7820182 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.611326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells employ diverse uptake mechanisms depending on their specialized functions. While such mechanisms vary widely in their defining criteria: scale, molecular machinery utilized, cargo selection, and cargo destination, to name a few, they all result in the internalization of extracellular solutes and fluid into membrane-bound endosomes. Upon scission from the plasma membrane, this compartment is immediately subjected to extensive remodeling which involves tubulation and vesiculation/budding of the limiting endomembrane. This is followed by a maturation process involving concomitant retrograde transport by microtubule-based motors and graded fusion with late endosomes and lysosomes, organelles that support the degradation of the internalized content. Here we review an important determinant for sorting and trafficking in early endosomes and in lysosomes; the control of tension on the endomembrane. Remodeling of endomembranes is opposed by high tension (caused by high hydrostatic pressure) and supported by the relief of tension. We describe how the timely and coordinated efflux of major solutes along the endocytic pathway affords the cell control over such tension. The channels and transporters that expel the smallest components of the ingested medium from the early endocytic fluid are described in detail as these systems are thought to enable endomembrane deformation by curvature-sensing/generating coat proteins. We also review similar considerations for the lysosome where resident hydrolases liberate building blocks from luminal macromolecules and transporters flux these organic solutes to orchestrate trafficking events. How the cell directs organellar trafficking based on the luminal contents of organelles of the endocytic pathway is not well-understood, however, we propose that the control over membrane tension by solute transport constitutes one means for this to ensue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amra Saric
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Spencer A Freeman
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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108
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Lonic A, Gehling F, Belle L, Li X, Schieber NL, Nguyen EV, Goodall GJ, Parton RG, Daly RJ, Khew-Goodall Y. Phosphorylation of PKCδ by FER tips the balance from EGFR degradation to recycling. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211661. [PMID: 33411917 PMCID: PMC7797899 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201902073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor degradation terminates signaling by activated receptor tyrosine kinases. Degradation of EGFR occurs in lysosomes and requires the switching of RAB5 for RAB7 on late endosomes to enable their fusion with the lysosome, but what controls this critical switching is poorly understood. We show that the tyrosine kinase FER alters PKCδ function by phosphorylating it on Y374, and that phospho-Y374-PKCδ prevents RAB5 release from nascent late endosomes, thereby inhibiting EGFR degradation and promoting the recycling of endosomal EGFR to the cell surface. The rapid association of phospho-Y374-PKCδ with EGFR-containing endosomes is diminished by PTPN14, which dephosphorylates phospho-Y374-PKCδ. In triple-negative breast cancer cells, the FER-dependent phosphorylation of PKCδ enhances EGFR signaling and promotes anchorage-independent cell growth. Importantly, increased Y374-PKCδ phosphorylation correlating with arrested late endosome maturation was identified in ∼25% of triple-negative breast cancer patients, suggesting that dysregulation of this pathway may contribute to their pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lonic
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,The Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Freya Gehling
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Leila Belle
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicole L. Schieber
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth V. Nguyen
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory J. Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,The Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert G. Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia,Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roger J. Daly
- Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yeesim Khew-Goodall
- Centre for Cancer Biology, An Alliance of SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,The Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,Correspondence to Yeesim Khew-Goodall:
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109
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Li Y, Yuan R, Ren T, Yang B, Miao H, Liu L, Li Y, Cai C, Yang Y, Hu Y, Jiang C, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Role of Sciellin in gallbladder cancer proliferation and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:30. [PMID: 33414368 PMCID: PMC7791032 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03286-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apart from primary tumor development and metastasis, cancer-associated thrombosis is the second cause of cancer death in solid tumor malignancy. However, the mechanistic insight into the development of gallbladder cancer (GBC) and cancer-associated thrombosis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic role of Sciellin (SCEL) in GBC cell proliferation and the development of venous thromboembolism. The expression level of SCEL was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Roles of SCEL in gallbladder cancer cell were determined by molecular and cell biology methods. SCEL was markedly upregulated in GBC and associated with advanced TNM stages and a poor prognosis. Furthermore, SCEL interacted with EGFR and stabilized EGFR expression that activates downstream PI3K and Akt pathway, leading to cell proliferation. In addition, SCEL induces tumor cell IL-8 production that stimulates the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), accelerating thromboembolism. In xenografts, SCEL-expressing GBCs developed larger tumors and thrombosis compared with control cells. The present results indicate that SCEL promotes GBC cell proliferation and induces NET-associated thrombosis, thus serving as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ruiyan Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tai Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Baixiang Road, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Huijie Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liguo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yunping Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chengkai Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qindie Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, 279 Zhouzhugong Road, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yijian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital Affliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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110
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Yu H, Li Y, Li L, Huang J, Wang X, Tang R, Jiang Z, Lv L, Chen F, Yu C, Yuan K. Functional reciprocity of proteins involved in mitosis and endocytosis. FEBS J 2020; 288:5850-5866. [PMID: 33300206 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitosis and endocytosis are two fundamental cellular processes essential for maintaining a eukaryotic life. Mitosis partitions duplicated chromatin enveloped in the nuclear membrane into two new cells, whereas endocytosis takes in extracellular substances through membrane invagination. These two processes are spatiotemporally separated and seemingly unrelated. However, recent studies have uncovered that endocytic proteins have moonlighting functions in mitosis, and mitotic complexes manifest additional roles in endocytosis. In this review, we summarize important proteins or protein complexes that participate in both processes, compare their mechanism of action, and discuss the rationale behind this multifunctionality. We also speculate on the possible origin of the functional reciprocity from an evolutionary perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinshuang Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Xujuan Wang
- The High School Attached to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruijun Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenghui Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Lv
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhong Yu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Biobank of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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111
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Whiteley AM, Prado MA, de Poot SAH, Paulo JA, Ashton M, Dominguez S, Weber M, Ngu H, Szpyt J, Jedrychowski MP, Easton A, Gygi SP, Kurz T, Monteiro MJ, Brown EJ, Finley D. Global proteomics of Ubqln2-based murine models of ALS. J Biol Chem 2020; 296:100153. [PMID: 33277362 PMCID: PMC7873701 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial neurodegenerative diseases commonly involve mutations that result in either aberrant proteins or dysfunctional components of the proteolytic machinery that act on aberrant proteins. UBQLN2 is a ubiquitin receptor of the UBL/UBA family that binds the proteasome through its ubiquitin-like domain and is thought to deliver ubiquitinated proteins to proteasomes for degradation. UBQLN2 mutations result in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/frontotemporal dementia in humans through an unknown mechanism. Quantitative multiplexed proteomics was used to provide for the first time an unbiased and global analysis of the role of Ubqln2 in controlling the composition of the proteome. We studied several murine models of Ubqln2-linked ALS and also generated Ubqln2 null mutant mice. We identified impacts of Ubqln2 on diverse physiological pathways, most notably serotonergic signaling. Interestingly, we observed an upregulation of proteasome subunits, suggesting a compensatory response to diminished proteasome output. Among the specific proteins whose abundance is linked to UBQLN2 function, the strongest hits were the ubiquitin ligase TRIM32 and two retroelement-derived proteins, PEG10 and CXX1B. Cycloheximide chase studies using induced human neurons and HEK293 cells suggested that PEG10 and TRIM32 are direct clients. Although UBQLN2 directs the degradation of multiple proteins via the proteasome, it surprisingly conferred strong protection from degradation on the Gag-like protein CXX1B, which is expressed from the same family of retroelement genes as PEG10. In summary, this study charts the proteomic landscape of ALS-related Ubqln2 mutants and identifies candidate client proteins that are altered in vivo in disease models and whose degradation is promoted by UBQLN2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel A Prado
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marissa Ashton
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Dominguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Martin Weber
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hai Ngu
- Department of Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John Szpyt
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark P Jedrychowski
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy Easton
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thimo Kurz
- Henry Wellcome Lab of Cell Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mervyn J Monteiro
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric J Brown
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel Finley
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Proteins involved in actin filament organization are key host factors for Japanese encephalitis virus life-cycle in human neuronal cells. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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113
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Tang T, Yang ZY, Wang D, Yang XY, Wang J, Li L, Wen Q, Gao L, Bian XW, Yu SC. The role of lysosomes in cancer development and progression. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:131. [PMID: 33292489 PMCID: PMC7677787 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. Thus, lysosomes play important roles in cellular activity. In addition, previous studies have shown that lysosomes may play important roles in cancer development and progression through the abovementioned biological processes and that the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes are closely related to cancer cell proliferation, energy metabolism, invasion and metastasis, immune escape and tumor-associated angiogenesis. Therefore, identifying the factors and mechanisms that regulate the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes and elucidating the relationship between lysosomes and the development and progression of cancer can provide important information for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction and may yield new therapeutic targets. This study briefly reviews the above information and explores the potential value of lysosomes in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ze-Yu Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xian-Yan Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shi-Cang Yu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Pardridge WM. Brain Delivery of Nanomedicines: Trojan Horse Liposomes for Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy of the Brain. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 2:602236. [PMID: 35047884 PMCID: PMC8757841 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2020.602236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-viral gene therapy of the brain is enabled by the development of plasmid DNA brain delivery technology, which requires the engineering and manufacturing of nanomedicines that cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The development of such nanomedicines is a multi-faceted problem that requires progress at multiple levels. First, the type of nanocontainer, e.g., nanoparticle or liposome, which encapsulates the plasmid DNA, must be developed. Second, the type of molecular Trojan horse, e.g., peptide or receptor-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), must be selected for incorporation on the surface of the nanomedicine, as this Trojan horse engages specific receptors expressed on the BBB, and the brain cell membrane, to trigger transport of the nanomedicine from blood into brain cells beyond the BBB. Third, the plasmid DNA must be engineered without bacterial elements, such as antibiotic resistance genes, to enable administration to humans; the plasmid DNA must also be engineered with tissue-specific gene promoters upstream of the therapeutic gene, to insure gene expression in the target organ with minimal off-target expression. Fourth, upstream manufacturing of the nanomedicine must be developed and scalable so as to meet market demand for the target disease, e.g., annual long-term treatment of 1,000 patients with an orphan disease, short term treatment of 10,000 patients with malignant glioma, or 100,000 patients with new onset Parkinson's disease. Fifth, downstream manufacturing problems, such as nanomedicine lyophilization, must be solved to ensure the nanomedicine has a commercially viable shelf-life for treatment of CNS disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Pardridge
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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115
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Clathrin- and dynamin-dependent endocytosis limits canonical NF-κB signaling triggered by lymphotoxin β receptor. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:176. [PMID: 33148272 PMCID: PMC7640449 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00664-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) is a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily which regulates the immune response. At the cellular level, upon ligand binding, the receptor activates the pro-inflammatory NF-κB and AP-1 pathways. Yet, the intracellular distribution of LTβR, the routes of its endocytosis and their connection to the signaling activation are not characterized. Here, we investigated the contribution of LTβR internalization to its signaling potential. Methods Intracellular localization of LTβR in unstimulated and stimulated cells was analyzed by confocal microscopy. Endocytosis impairment was achieved through siRNA- or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated depletion, or chemical inhibition of proteins regulating endocytic routes. The activation of LTβR-induced signaling was examined. The levels of effector proteins of the canonical and non-canonical branches of the NF-κB pathway, and the phosphorylation of JNK, Akt, ERK1/2, STAT1 and STAT3 involved in diverse signaling cascades, were measured by Western blotting. A transcriptional response to LTβR stimulation was assessed by qRT-PCR analysis. Results We demonstrated that LTβR was predominantly present on endocytic vesicles and the Golgi apparatus. The ligand-bound pool of the receptor localized to endosomes and was trafficked towards lysosomes for degradation. Depletion of regulators of different endocytic routes (clathrin-mediated, dynamin-dependent or clathrin-independent) resulted in the impairment of LTβR internalization, indicating that this receptor uses multiple entry pathways. Cells deprived of clathrin and dynamins exhibited enhanced activation of canonical NF-κB signaling represented by increased degradation of IκBα inhibitor and elevated expression of LTβR target genes. We also demonstrated that clathrin and dynamin deficiency reduced to some extent LTβR-triggered activation of the non-canonical branch of the NF-κB pathway. Conclusions Our work shows that the impairment of clathrin- and dynamin-dependent internalization amplifies a cellular response to LTβR stimulation. We postulate that receptor internalization restricts responsiveness of the cell to subthreshold stimuli. Video Abstract
Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12964-020-00664-0.
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Hook SC, Chadt A, Heesom KJ, Kishida S, Al-Hasani H, Tavaré JM, Thomas EC. TBC1D1 interacting proteins, VPS13A and VPS13C, regulate GLUT4 homeostasis in C2C12 myotubes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17953. [PMID: 33087848 PMCID: PMC7578007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins involved in the spaciotemporal regulation of GLUT4 trafficking represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. A key regulator of insulin- and exercise-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 trafficking is TBC1D1. This study aimed to identify proteins that regulate GLUT4 trafficking and homeostasis via TBC1D1. Using an unbiased quantitative proteomics approach, we identified proteins that interact with TBC1D1 in C2C12 myotubes including VPS13A and VPS13C, the Rab binding proteins EHBP1L1 and MICAL1, and the calcium pump SERCA1. These proteins associate with TBC1D1 via its phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domains and their interactions with TBC1D1 were unaffected by AMPK activation, distinguishing them from the AMPK regulated interaction between TBC1D1 and AMPKα1 complexes. Depletion of VPS13A or VPS13C caused a post-transcriptional increase in cellular GLUT4 protein and enhanced cell surface GLUT4 levels in response to AMPK activation. The phenomenon was specific to GLUT4 because other recycling proteins were unaffected. Our results provide further support for a role of the TBC1D1 PTB domains as a scaffold for a range of Rab regulators, and also the VPS13 family of proteins which have been previously linked to fasting glycaemic traits and insulin resistance in genome wide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Hook
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kate J Heesom
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Shosei Kishida
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jeremy M Tavaré
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Elaine C Thomas
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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117
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Koseska A, Bastiaens PI. Processing Temporal Growth Factor Patterns by an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Network Dynamically Established in Space. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2020; 36:359-383. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-013020-103810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The proto-oncogenic epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase whose sensitivity and response to growth factor signals that vary over time and space determine cellular behavior within a developing tissue. The molecular reorganization of the receptors on the plasma membrane and the enzyme-kinetic mechanisms of phosphorylation are key determinants that couple growth factor binding to EGFR signaling. To enable signal initiation and termination while simultaneously accounting for suppression of aberrant signaling, a coordinated coupling of EGFR kinase and protein tyrosine phosphatase activity is established through space by vesicular dynamics. The dynamical operation mode of this network enables not only time-varying growth factor sensing but also adaptation of the response depending on cellular context. By connecting spatially coupled enzymatic kinase/phosphatase processes and the corresponding dynamical systems description of the EGFR network, we elaborate on the general principles necessary for processing complex growth factor signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Koseska
- Lise Meitner Group Cellular Computations and Learning, Centre of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), D-53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philippe I.H. Bastiaens
- Department of Systemic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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118
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Wei D, Zhan W, Gao Y, Huang L, Gong R, Wang W, Zhang R, Wu Y, Gao S, Kang T. RAB31 marks and controls an ESCRT-independent exosome pathway. Cell Res 2020; 31:157-177. [PMID: 32958903 PMCID: PMC8027411 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-00409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are generated within the multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) as intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) and secreted during the fusion of MVEs with the cell membrane. The mechanisms of exosome biogenesis remain poorly explored. Here we identify that RAB31 marks and controls an ESCRT-independent exosome pathway. Active RAB31, phosphorylated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), engages flotillin proteins in lipid raft microdomains to drive EGFR entry into MVEs to form ILVs, which is independent of the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery. Active RAB31 interacts with the SPFH domain and drives ILV formation via the Flotillin domain of flotillin proteins. Meanwhile, RAB31 recruits GTPase-activating protein TBC1D2B to inactivate RAB7, thereby preventing the fusion of MVEs with lysosomes and enabling the secretion of ILVs as exosomes. These findings establish that RAB31 has dual functions in the biogenesis of exosomes: driving ILVs formation and suppressing MVEs degradation, providing an exquisite framework to better understand exosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Weixiang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Liyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Run Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, The Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Ruhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Yuanzhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Song Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, China.
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LC3C-Mediated Autophagy Selectively Regulates the Met RTK and HGF-Stimulated Migration and Invasion. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4053-4068.e6. [PMID: 31851933 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Met/hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) is deregulated in many cancers and is a recognized target for cancer therapies. Following HGF stimulation, the signaling output of Met is tightly controlled by receptor internalization and sorting for degradation or recycling. Here, we uncover a role for autophagy in selective degradation of Met and regulation of Met-dependent cell migration and invasion. Met engagement with the autophagic pathway is dependent on complex formation with the mammalian ATG8 family member MAP1LC3C. LC3C deletion abrogates Met entry into the autophagy-dependent degradative pathway, allowing identification of LC3C domains required for rescue. Cancer cells with low LC3C levels show enhanced Met stability, signaling, and cell invasion. These findings provide mechanistic insight into RTK recruitment to autophagosomes and establish distinct roles for ATG8 proteins in this process, supporting that differential expression of ATG8 proteins can shape the functional consequences of autophagy in cancer development and progression.
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120
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Rueda-Gensini L, Cifuentes J, Castellanos MC, Puentes PR, Serna JA, Muñoz-Camargo C, Cruz JC. Tailoring Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Efficient Cellular Internalization and Endosomal Escape. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1816. [PMID: 32932957 PMCID: PMC7559083 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) have been widely explored for biomedical applications due to their high biocompatibility, surface-coating versatility, and superparamagnetic properties. Upon exposure to an external magnetic field, IONs can be precisely directed to a region of interest and serve as exceptional delivery vehicles and cellular markers. However, the design of nanocarriers that achieve an efficient endocytic uptake, escape lysosomal degradation, and perform precise intracellular functions is still a challenge for their application in translational medicine. This review highlights several aspects that mediate the activation of the endosomal pathways, as well as the different properties that govern endosomal escape and nuclear transfection of magnetic IONs. In particular, we review a variety of ION surface modification alternatives that have emerged for facilitating their endocytic uptake and their timely escape from endosomes, with special emphasis on how these can be manipulated for the rational design of cell-penetrating vehicles. Moreover, additional modifications for enhancing nuclear transfection are also included in the design of therapeutic vehicles that must overcome this barrier. Understanding these mechanisms opens new perspectives in the strategic development of vehicles for cell tracking, cell imaging and the targeted intracellular delivery of drugs and gene therapy sequences and vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rueda-Gensini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; (L.R.-G.); (J.C.); (M.C.C.); (P.R.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Javier Cifuentes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; (L.R.-G.); (J.C.); (M.C.C.); (P.R.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Maria Claudia Castellanos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; (L.R.-G.); (J.C.); (M.C.C.); (P.R.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Paola Ruiz Puentes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; (L.R.-G.); (J.C.); (M.C.C.); (P.R.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Julian A. Serna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; (L.R.-G.); (J.C.); (M.C.C.); (P.R.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Camargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; (L.R.-G.); (J.C.); (M.C.C.); (P.R.P.); (J.A.S.)
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-12, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia; (L.R.-G.); (J.C.); (M.C.C.); (P.R.P.); (J.A.S.)
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
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121
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Haack F, Budde K, Uhrmacher AM. Exploring the mechanistic and temporal regulation of LRP6 endocytosis in canonical WNT signaling. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs243675. [PMID: 32661084 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.243675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis plays a pivotal regulatory role in canonical WNT signaling. Internalization of the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) receptor complex can either promote or attenuate canonical WNT signaling, depending on the employed internalization pathway. Detailed analysis of the mechanism of LRP6 internalization and its temporal regulation is crucial for understanding the different cellular responses to WNT stimulation under varying conditions and in various cell types. Here, we elucidate the mechanisms involved in the internalization of LRP6 and re-evaluate existing, partly contradicting, theories on the regulation of LRP6 receptor internalization. We utilize a computational approach that aims at finding a set of mechanisms that accounts for the temporal dynamics of LRP6 receptor internalization upon WNT stimulation. Starting with a simple simulation model, we successively extend and probe the model's behavior based on quantitative measurements. The final model confirms that LRP6 internalization is clathrin independent in vertebrates, is not restricted to microdomains, and that signalosome formation delays LRP6 internalization within the microdomains. These findings partly revise the current understanding of LRP6 internalization in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiete Haack
- Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing, Modeling and Simulation Group, Albert-Einstein-Str. 22, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kai Budde
- Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing, Modeling and Simulation Group, Albert-Einstein-Str. 22, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Adelinde M Uhrmacher
- Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing, Modeling and Simulation Group, Albert-Einstein-Str. 22, 18051 Rostock, Germany
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Colella B, Colardo M, Iannone G, Contadini C, Saiz-Ladera C, Fuoco C, Barilà D, Velasco G, Segatto M, Di Bartolomeo S. mTOR Inhibition Leads to Src-Mediated EGFR Internalisation and Degradation in Glioma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2266. [PMID: 32823532 PMCID: PMC7464593 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal Growth Factor receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase receptor widely expressed on the surface of numerous cell types, which activates several downstream signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, migration and survival. EGFR alterations, such as overexpression or mutations, have been frequently observed in several cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM), and are associated to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Here we show that the inhibition of mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) mediates EGFR delivery to lysosomes for degradation in GBM cells, independently of autophagy activation. Coherently with EGFR internalisation and degradation, mTOR blockade negatively affects the mitogen activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Src kinase activation is required for EGFR internaliation upon mTOR inhibition. Our results further support the hypothesis that mTOR targeting may represent an effective therapeutic strategy in GBM management, as its inhibition results in EGFR degradation and in proliferative signal alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Colella
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Mayra Colardo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Gianna Iannone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Claudia Contadini
- Department of Biology, University of RomeTor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Saiz-Ladera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-L.); (G.V.)
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- Department of Biology, University of RomeTor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniela Barilà
- Department of Biology, University of RomeTor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (D.B.)
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University and Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-L.); (G.V.)
| | - Marco Segatto
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Sabrina Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche (IS), Italy; (B.C.); (M.C.); (G.I.); (M.S.)
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Mattioni A, Boldt K, Auciello G, Komada M, Rappoport JZ, Ueffing M, Castagnoli L, Cesareni G, Santonico E. Ring Finger Protein 11 acts on ligand-activated EGFR via the direct interaction with the UIM region of ANKRD13 protein family. FEBS J 2020; 287:3526-3550. [PMID: 31985874 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RING finger protein 11 (RNF11) is an evolutionary conserved Really Interesting New Gene E3 ligase that is overexpressed in several human tumours. Although several reports have highlighted its involvement in crucial cellular processes, the mechanistic details underlying its function are still poorly understood. Utilizing stable isotope labelling by amino acids in culture (SILAC)-based proteomics analysis, we identified 51 proteins that co-immunoprecipitate with wild-type RNF11 and/or with its catalytically inactive mutant. We focused our attention on the interaction of RNF11 with Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 13 (ANKRD13)s family. Members of the ANKRD13 family contain ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIM) that recognize the Lys-63-linked ubiquitin (Ub) chains appended to Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) soon after ligand binding. We show that ANKRD13A, ANKRD13B and ANKRD13D form a complex with RNF11 in vivo and that the UIMs are required for complex formation. However, at odds with the conventional UIM binding mode, Ub modification of RNF11 is not required for the interaction with ANKRD13 proteins. We also show that the interaction between ANKRD13A and RNF11 is modulated by the EGF stimulus and that a complex formed by ANKRD13A, RNF11 and activated EGFR is transiently assembled in the early phases of receptor endocytosis. Moreover, loss of function of the E3 ligases Itchy E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (ITCH) or RNF11, respectively, abrogates or increases the ubiquitination of endogenous ANKRD13A, affecting its ability to bind activated EGFR. We propose a model whereby the ANKRD13 proteins act as molecular scaffolds that promote the transient formation of a complex between the activated EGFR and the E3 ligases ITCH and RNF11. By regulating the ubiquitination status of ANKRD13A and consequently its endocytic adaptor function, RNF11 promotes sorting of the activated EGFR for lysosomal degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mattioni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Giulio Auciello
- Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare (IRBM), Pomezia, Italy
| | - Masayuki Komada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Marius Ueffing
- Center for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Gianni Cesareni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
- Fondazione Santa Lucia Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Santonico
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
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124
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Pozniak M, Sokolowska-Wedzina A, Jastrzebski K, Szymczyk J, Porebska N, Krzyscik MA, Zakrzewska M, Miaczynska M, Otlewski J, Opalinski L. FGFR1 clustering with engineered tetravalent antibody improves the efficiency and modifies the mechanism of receptor internalization. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1998-2021. [PMID: 32511887 PMCID: PMC7463352 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) transmits signals through the plasma membrane regulating essential cellular processes like division, motility, metabolism, and death. Overexpression of FGFR1 is observed in numerous tumors and thus constitutes an attractive molecular target for selective cancer treatment. Targeted anti‐cancer therapies aim for the precise delivery of drugs into cancer cells, sparing the healthy ones and thus limiting unwanted side effects. One of the key steps in targeted drug delivery is receptor‐mediated endocytosis. Here, we show that the efficiency and the mechanism of FGFR1 internalization are governed by the spatial distribution of the receptor in the plasma membrane. Using engineered antibodies of different valency, we demonstrate that dimerization of FGFR1 with bivalent antibody triggers clathrin‐mediated endocytosis (CME) of the receptor. Clustering of FGFR1 into larger oligomers with tetravalent antibody stimulates fast and highly efficient uptake of the receptor that occurs via two distinct mechanisms: CME and dynamin‐dependent clathrin‐independent endocytic routes. Furthermore, we show that all endocytic pathways engaged in FGFR1 internalization do not require receptor activation. Our data provide novel insights into the mechanisms of intracellular trafficking of FGFR1 and constitute guidelines for development of highly internalizing antibody‐based drug carriers for targeted therapy of FGFR1‐overproducing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pozniak
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Kamil Jastrzebski
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Poland
| | - Jakub Szymczyk
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Porebska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Adam Krzyscik
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Poland.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zakrzewska
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Miaczynska
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Poland
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Opalinski
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Department of Protein Engineering, University of Wroclaw, Poland
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125
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Schmidt-Arras D, Böhmer FD. Mislocalisation of Activated Receptor Tyrosine Kinases - Challenges for Cancer Therapy. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:833-847. [PMID: 32593582 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Activating mutations in genes encoding receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) mediate proliferation, cell migration, and cell survival, and are therefore important drivers of oncogenesis. Numerous targeted cancer therapies are directed against activated RTKs, including small compound inhibitors, and immunotherapies. It has recently been discovered that not only certain RTK fusion proteins, but also many full-length RTKs harbouring activating mutations, notably RTKs of the class III family, are to a large extent mislocalised in intracellular membranes. Active kinases in these locations cause aberrant activation of signalling pathways. Moreover, low levels of activated RTKs at the cell surface present an obstacle for immunotherapy. We outline here why understanding of the mechanisms underlying mislocalisation will help in improving existing and developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute of Biochemistry, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, CMB, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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126
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Zhu J, Wang X, Guan H, Xiao Q, Wu Z, Shi J, Zhang F, Gao P, Song Y, Wang Z. HIP1R acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer by promoting cancer cell apoptosis and inhibiting migration and invasion through modulating Akt. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23425. [PMID: 32548851 PMCID: PMC7521271 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Huntingtin‐interacting protein 1‐related (HIP1R) is a multi‐domain gene that exerts many cellular functions including altering T cell–mediated cytotoxicity and controlling intracellular trafficking. However, its clinical significance and function in gastric cancer (GC) have not been described. Methods The expression levels of HIP1R were tested by the transcriptional and translational expression analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in matched adjacent non‐tumorous vs tumor tissue specimens. The biological function of HIP1R on apoptosis, migration, and proliferation was evaluated by flow cytometry, Transwell, Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assays, colony formation assays, and EdU labeling assays, respectively. Results We found downregulated HIP1R in GC compared with adjacent non‐tumorous tissue, and HIP1R expression associated with N classification. We further found that the expression of HIP1R could induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation, migration, invasion of GC cells, possibly through modulating Akt. Conclusions Our data indicate that HIP1R may act as a potential diagnostic biomarker and a tumor suppressor gene in GC, potentially representing a novel therapeutic target for future GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiyuan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinxin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongxi Song
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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127
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Chen MK, Hsu JL, Hung MC. Nuclear receptor tyrosine kinase transport and functions in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 147:59-107. [PMID: 32593407 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Signaling functions of plasma membrane-localized receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been extensively studied after they were first described in the mid-1980s. Plasma membrane RTKs are activated by extracellular ligands and cellular stress stimuli, and regulate cellular responses by activating the downstream effector proteins to initiate a wide range of signaling cascades in the cells. However, increasing evidence indicates that RTKs can also be transported into the intracellular compartments where they phosphorylate traditional effector proteins and non-canonical substrate proteins. In general, internalization that retains the RTK's transmembrane domain begins with endocytosis, and endosomal RTK remains active before being recycled or degraded. Further RTK retrograde transport from endosome-Golgi-ER to the nucleus is primarily dependent on membranes vesicles and relies on the interaction with the COP-I vesicle complex, Sec61 translocon complex, and importin. Internalized RTKs have non-canonical substrates that include transcriptional co-factors and DNA damage response proteins, and many nuclear RTKs harbor oncogenic properties and can enhance cancer progression. Indeed, nuclear-localized RTKs have been shown to positively correlate with cancer recurrence, therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, understanding the functions of nuclear RTKs and the mechanisms of nuclear RTK transport will further improve our knowledge to evaluate the potential of targeting nuclear RTKs or the proteins involved in their transport as new cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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128
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Asrani K, Murali S, Lam B, Na CH, Phatak P, Sood A, Kaur H, Khan Z, Noë M, Anchoori RK, Talbot CC, Smith B, Skaro M, Lotan TL. mTORC1 feedback to AKT modulates lysosomal biogenesis through MiT/TFE regulation. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:5584-5599. [PMID: 31527310 DOI: 10.1172/jci128287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The microphthalmia family of transcription factors (MiT/TFEs) controls lysosomal biogenesis and is negatively regulated by the nutrient sensor mTORC1. However, the mechanisms by which cells with constitutive mTORC1 signaling maintain lysosomal catabolism remain to be elucidated. Using the murine epidermis as a model system, we found that epidermal Tsc1 deletion resulted in a phenotype characterized by wavy hair and curly whiskers, and was associated with increased EGFR and HER2 degradation. Unexpectedly, constitutive mTORC1 activation with Tsc1 loss increased lysosomal content via upregulated expression and activity of MiT/TFEs, whereas genetic deletion of Rheb or Rptor or prolonged pharmacologic mTORC1 inactivation had the reverse effect. This paradoxical increase in lysosomal biogenesis by mTORC1 was mediated by feedback inhibition of AKT, and a resulting suppression of AKT-induced MiT/TFE downregulation. Thus, inhibiting hyperactive AKT signaling in the context of mTORC1 loss-of-function fully restored MiT/TFE expression and activity. These data suggest that signaling feedback loops work to restrain or maintain cellular lysosomal content during chronically inhibited or constitutively active mTORC1 signaling, respectively, and reveal a mechanism by which mTORC1 regulates upstream receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chan-Hyun Na
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Pornima Phatak
- Baltimore Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Smith
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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129
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Hall C, Yu H, Choi E. Insulin receptor endocytosis in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:911-920. [PMID: 32576931 PMCID: PMC7338473 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin signaling controls cell growth and metabolic homeostasis. Dysregulation of this pathway causes metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Insulin signaling pathways have been extensively studied. Upon insulin binding, the insulin receptor (IR) triggers downstream signaling cascades. The active IR is then internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Despite decades of studies, the mechanism and regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis of IR remain incompletely understood. Recent studies have revealed feedback regulation of IR endocytosis through Src homology phosphatase 2 (SHP2) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Here we review the molecular mechanism of IR endocytosis and its impact on the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, and discuss the potential of SHP2 as a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Hall
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hongtao Yu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Eunhee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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130
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Abstract
Cell entry of influenza A virus (IAV) was reported to be promoted by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). On the other hand, binding of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) to EGFR leads to internalisation and degradation of the receptors. This study aimed to testify whether or not HB-EGF-induced downregulation of EGFR could attenuate IAV cell entry and subsequently diminish the infection. Immunoblotting and plaque assay revealed that HB-EGF-induced degradation of EGFR led to reduction of viral matrix 1 protein level and suppressed virion production. In addition, immunoblotting and imaging flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that IAV-induced phosphorylation of STAT1 and its localisation to nucleus in the early stage of infection were inhibited by HB-EGF treatment. This suggested the potential of HB-EGF in modulating uncontrolled and exaggerated inflammatory response caused by IAV infection. Together these findings attest the potential of HB-EGF mediated endocytosis and degradation of EGFR as a novel anti-IAV strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Lai
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - B H Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- Health and Well-being Cluster, Global Asia, in the 21st Century Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - W L Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- Health and Well-being Cluster, Global Asia, in the 21st Century Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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131
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Yang KH, Kim GT, Choi S, Yoon SY, Kim JW. 1‑Palmitoyl‑2‑linoleoyl‑3‑acetyl‑rac‑glycerol ameliorates EGF‑induced MMP‑9 expression by promoting receptor desensitization in MDA‑MB‑231 cells. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:241-251. [PMID: 32377695 PMCID: PMC7254954 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) are crucial for inducing metastasis in cancer cells by promoting matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) on MMP expression in epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated breast cancer cells in vitro. EGF stimulation induced internalization of its cognate receptor, EGFR, for stimulus-desensitization. These internalized receptors, complexed with the ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl and EGFR pathway substrate 15 (EPS15) (for degradation), were evaluated by confocal microscopy at 5–90 min time intervals. During intracellular trafficking of EGFRs, EGF-induced signaling cascades were analyzed by examining EGFR and SHC phosphorylation. Modulation of MMP expression was assessed by evaluating the activity of transcription factor AP-1 using a luciferase assay. PLAG accelerated the assembly of EGFRs with c-Cbl and EPS15 and promoted receptor degradation. This faster intracellular EGFR degradation reduced AP-1-mediated MMP expression. PLAG stimulation upregulated thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression, and this mediated the accelerated receptor internalization. This PLAG-induced increase in EGFR trafficking was blocked in TXNIP-silenced cells. By downregulating MMP expression, PLAG effectively attenuated EGF-induced mobility and invasiveness in these cancer cells. These data suggest that PLAG may be a potential therapeutic agent for blocking metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Hoon Yang
- Cell Factory Research Center, Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Guen Tae Kim
- Cell Factory Research Center, Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Solji Choi
- Cell Factory Research Center, Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Yoon
- Division of Global New Drug Development, ENZYCHEM Lifesciences, Jecheon, Chungcheongbukdo 27159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wha Kim
- Cell Factory Research Center, Division of Systems Biology and Bioengineering, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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132
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An Optogenetic Method to Study Signal Transduction in Intestinal Stem Cell Homeostasis. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:3159-3176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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133
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Zou Z, Fan X, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhang X, Sun G, Li X, Xu S. Endogenous thrombopoietin promotes non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell proliferation and migration by regulating EGFR signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6644-6657. [PMID: 32337844 PMCID: PMC7299695 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a haematopoietic cytokine mainly produced by the liver and kidneys, which stimulates the production and maturation of megakaryocytes. In the past decade, numerous studies have investigated the effects of TPO outside the haematopoietic system; however, the role of TPO in the progression of solid cancer, particularly lung cancer, has not been well studied. Exogenous TPO does not affect non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells as these cells show no or extremely low TPO receptor expression; therefore, in this study, we focused on endogenous TPO produced by NSCLC cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of 150 paired NSCLC and adjacent normal tissues indicated that TPO was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and correlated with clinicopathological parameters including differentiation, P-TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and tumour size. Suppressing endogenous TPO by small interfering RNA inhibited the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells. Moreover, TPO interacted with the EGFR protein and delayed ligand-induced EGFR degradation, thus enhancing EGFR signalling. Notably, overexpressing TPO in EGF-stimulated NSCLC cells facilitated cell proliferation and migration, whereas no obvious changes were observed without EGF stimulation. Our results suggest that endogenous TPO promotes tumorigenicity of NSCLC via regulating EGFR signalling and thus could be a therapeutic target for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifang Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxi Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanbin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanghao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuehao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Harwardt MLI, Schröder MS, Li Y, Malkusch S, Freund P, Gupta S, Janjic N, Strauss S, Jungmann R, Dietz MS, Heilemann M. Single-Molecule Super-Resolution Microscopy Reveals Heteromeric Complexes of MET and EGFR upon Ligand Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082803. [PMID: 32316583 PMCID: PMC7215329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) orchestrate cell motility and differentiation. Deregulated RTKs may promote cancer and are prime targets for specific inhibitors. Increasing evidence indicates that resistance to inhibitor treatment involves receptor cross-interactions circumventing inhibition of one RTK by activating alternative signaling pathways. Here, we used single-molecule super-resolution microscopy to simultaneously visualize single MET and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clusters in two cancer cell lines, HeLa and BT-20, in fixed and living cells. We found heteromeric receptor clusters of EGFR and MET in both cell types, promoted by ligand activation. Single-protein tracking experiments in living cells revealed that both MET and EGFR respond to their cognate as well as non-cognate ligands by slower diffusion. In summary, for the first time, we present static as well as dynamic evidence of the presence of heteromeric clusters of MET and EGFR on the cell membrane that correlates with the relative surface expression levels of the two receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lena I.E. Harwardt
- Single Molecule Biophysics, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mark S. Schröder
- Single Molecule Biophysics, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yunqing Li
- Single Molecule Biophysics, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Malkusch
- Single Molecule Biophysics, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Petra Freund
- Single Molecule Biophysics, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | - Sebastian Strauss
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Ralf Jungmann
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Marina S. Dietz
- Single Molecule Biophysics, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.D.); (M.H.)
| | - Mike Heilemann
- Single Molecule Biophysics, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.D.); (M.H.)
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Makarevich PI, Efimenko AY, Tkachuk VA. Biochemical Regulation of Regenerative Processes by Growth Factors and Cytokines: Basic Mechanisms and Relevance for Regenerative Medicine. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:11-26. [PMID: 32079514 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine that had emerged as a scientific and medical discipline at end of 20th century uses cultured cells and tissue-engineered structures for transplantation into human body to restore lost or damaged organs. However, practical achievements in this field are far from the promising results obtained in laboratory experiments. Searching for new directions has made apparent that successful solution of practical problems is impossible without understanding the fundamental principles of the regulation of development, renewal, and regeneration of human tissues. These aspects have been extensively investigated by cell biologists, physiologists, and biochemists working in a specific research area often referred to as regenerative biology. It is known that during regeneration, growth factors, cytokines, and hormones act beyond the regulation of individual cell functions, but rather activate specific receptor systems and control pivotal tissue repair processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation. These events require numerous coordinated stimuli and, therefore, are practically irreproducible using single proteins or low-molecular-weight compounds, i.e., cannot be directed by applying classical pharmacological approaches. Our review summarizes current concepts on the regulatory mechanisms of renewal and regeneration of human tissues with special attention to certain general biological and evolutionary aspects. We focus on the biochemical regulatory mechanisms of regeneration, in particular, the role of growth factors and cytokines and their receptor systems. In a separate section, we discussed practical approaches for activating regeneration using small molecules and stem cell secretome containing a broad repertoire of growth factors, cytokines, peptides, and extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Makarevich
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A Yu Efimenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V A Tkachuk
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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136
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Kellner F, Keil A, Schindler K, Tschongov T, Hünninger K, Loercher H, Rhein P, Böhmer SA, Böhmer FD, Müller JP. Wild-type FLT3 and FLT3 ITD exhibit similar ligand-induced internalization characteristics. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4668-4676. [PMID: 32155324 PMCID: PMC7176853 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Class III receptor tyrosine kinases control the development of hematopoietic stem cells. Constitutive activation of FLT3 by internal tandem duplications (ITD) in the juxtamembrane domain has been causally linked to acute myeloid leukaemia. Oncogenic FLT3 ITD is partially retained in compartments of the biosynthetic route and aberrantly activates STAT5, thereby promoting cellular transformation. The pool of FLT3 ITD molecules in the plasma membrane efficiently activates RAS and AKT, which is likewise essential for cell transformation. Little is known about features and mechanisms of FLT3 ligand (FL)-dependent internalization of surface-bound FLT3 or FLT3 ITD. We have addressed this issue by internalization experiments using human RS4-11 and MV4-11 cells with endogenous wild-type FLT3 or FLT3 ITD expression, respectively, and surface biotinylation. Further, FLT3 wild-type, or FLT3 ITD-GFP hybrid proteins were stably expressed and characterized in 32D cells, and internalization and stability were assessed by flow cytometry, imaging flow cytometry, and immunoblotting. FL-stimulated surface-exposed FLT3 WT or FLT3 ITD protein showed similar endocytosis and degradation characteristics. Kinase inactivation by mutation or FLT3 inhibitor treatment strongly promoted FLT3 ITD surface localization, and attenuated but did not abrogate FL-induced internalization. Experiments with the dynamin inhibitor dynasore suggest that active FLT3 as well as FLT3 ITD is largely endocytosed via clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Internalization of kinase-inactivated molecules occurred through a different yet unidentified mechanism. Our data demonstrate that FLT3 WT and constitutively active FLT3 ITD receptor follow, despite very different biogenesis kinetics, similar internalization and degradation routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Kellner
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Keil
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Katrin Schindler
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Todor Tschongov
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hünninger
- Fungal Septomics, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Hannah Loercher
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Rhein
- Luminex B.V., 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia-Annette Böhmer
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank-D Böhmer
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jörg P Müller
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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137
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Leite M, Marques MS, Melo J, Pinto MT, Cavadas B, Aroso M, Gomez-Lazaro M, Seruca R, Figueiredo C. Helicobacter Pylori Targets the EPHA2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase in Gastric Cells Modulating Key Cellular Functions. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020513. [PMID: 32102381 PMCID: PMC7072728 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a stomach-colonizing Gram-negative bacterium, is the main etiological factor of various gastroduodenal diseases, including gastric adenocarcinoma. By establishing a life-long infection of the gastric mucosa, H. pylori continuously activates host-signaling pathways, in particular those associated with receptor tyrosine kinases. Using two different gastric epithelial cell lines, we show that H. pylori targets the receptor tyrosine kinase EPHA2. For long periods of time post-infection, H. pylori induces EPHA2 protein downregulation without affecting its mRNA levels, an effect preceded by receptor activation via phosphorylation. EPHA2 receptor downregulation occurs via the lysosomal degradation pathway and is independent of the H.pylori virulence factors CagA, VacA, and T4SS. Using small interfering RNA, we show that EPHA2 knockdown affects cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis, which are critical cellular processes in early gastric lesions and carcinogenesis mediated by the bacteria. This work contributes to the unraveling of the underlying mechanisms of H. pylori–host interactions and associated diseases. Additionally, it raises awareness for potential interference between H. pylori infection and the efficacy of gastric cancer therapies targeting receptors tyrosine kinases, given that infection affects the steady-state levels and dynamics of some receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Leite
- Ipatimup–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.M.); (M.T.P.); (B.C.); (R.S.)
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (C.F.); Tel.: +351-220-408-800 (M.L. & C.F.)
| | - Miguel S. Marques
- Ipatimup–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.M.); (M.T.P.); (B.C.); (R.S.)
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Joana Melo
- Ipatimup–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.M.); (M.T.P.); (B.C.); (R.S.)
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
- ICBAS–Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta T. Pinto
- Ipatimup–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.M.); (M.T.P.); (B.C.); (R.S.)
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
| | - Bruno Cavadas
- Ipatimup–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.M.); (M.T.P.); (B.C.); (R.S.)
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
- ICBAS–Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Aroso
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
- INEB–Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Gomez-Lazaro
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
- INEB–Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seruca
- Ipatimup–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.M.); (M.T.P.); (B.C.); (R.S.)
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ceu Figueiredo
- Ipatimup–Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.M.); (M.T.P.); (B.C.); (R.S.)
- i3S–Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (M.A.); (M.G.-L.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (C.F.); Tel.: +351-220-408-800 (M.L. & C.F.)
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Dam DHM, Jelsma SA, Yu JM, Liu H, Kong B, Paller AS. Flotillin and AP2A1/2 Promote IGF-1 Receptor Association with Clathrin and Internalization in Primary Human Keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1743-1752.e4. [PMID: 32027876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling promotes keratinocyte proliferation, migration, and survival. However, the mechanism of IGF1R endocytosis in normal keratinocytes remains unclear. Confocal, super resolution structured illumination microscopy, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, and coimmunoprecipitation studies reveal that IGF1R associates with flotillin-1 (Flot-1), which currently has no known role in normal receptor tyrosine kinase endocytosis, under basal conditions in monolayer keratinocyte cultures. Ligand stimulation of IGF1R promotes its clathrin-dependent endocytosis, mediated by two distinct adaptors, Flot-1 in noncaveolar lipid rafts and the AP2A1/2 complex in clathrin vesicles. Concurrent, but not individual, short hairpin RNA knockdown of FLOT1/2 and AP2A1/2 reduced IGF1R association with clathrin, internalization, and pathway activation by more than 50% (of phosphorylated IGF1R, phosphorylated protein kinase B, and phosphorylated MAPK kinase), suggesting the complementarity of these two adaptor-specific pathways. The Flot-1 pathway is more responsive to low IGF-1 concentrations, whereas the AP2A1/2 pathway predominates at higher IGF-1 concentrations. Selective association of IGF1R-Flot-1-clathrin with Rab4, but IGF1R-AP2A1/2-clathrin with Rab11, implicates Flot-1 as the adaptor for faster recycling and AP2A1/2 as the adaptor for slower IGF1R recycling. These dual pathways, particularly flotillin-dependent, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, provide a new avenue for drug targeting in disorders with aberrant regulation of IGF1R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Hieu M Dam
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sophia A Jelsma
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeong Min Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Haoming Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Betty Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy S Paller
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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139
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Wang H, Han X, Xu J. Lysosome as the Black Hole for Checkpoint Molecules. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1248:325-346. [PMID: 32185717 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3266-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes, as digestive organelles full of hydrolases, have complex functions and play an important role in cellular physiological and pathological processes. In normal physiological conditions, lysosomes can sense the nutritional state and be responsible for recycling raw materials to provide nutrients, affecting cell signaling pathways and regulating cell proliferation. Lysosomes are related to many diseases and associated with metastasis and drug resistance of tumors. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the tumor immunotherapy especially immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Accumulating data suggest that lysosomes may serve as a major destruction for immune checkpoint molecules, and secretory lysosomes can temporarily store immune checkpoint proteins. Once activated, the compounds contained in secretory lysosomes are released to the surface of cell membrane rapidly. Inhibitions of lysosomes can overcome the chemoresistance of some tumors and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanbin Wang
- School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xue Han
- Institutes of Biological Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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140
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Rieger L, O’Connor R. Controlled Signaling-Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Endocytosis and Presence at Intracellular Compartments. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:620013. [PMID: 33584548 PMCID: PMC7878670 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.620013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-induced activation of the IGF-1 receptor triggers plasma-membrane-derived signal transduction but also triggers receptor endocytosis, which was previously thought to limit signaling. However, it is becoming ever more clear that IGF-1R endocytosis and trafficking to specific subcellular locations can define specific signaling responses that are important for key biological processes in normal cells and cancer cells. In different cell types, specific cell adhesion receptors and associated proteins can regulate IGF-1R endocytosis and trafficking. Once internalized, the IGF-1R may be recycled, degraded or translocated to the intracellular membrane compartments of the Golgi apparatus or the nucleus. The IGF-1R is present in the Golgi apparatus of migratory cancer cells where its signaling contributes to aggressive cancer behaviors including cell migration. The IGF-1R is also found in the nucleus of certain cancer cells where it can regulate gene expression. Nuclear IGF-1R is associated with poor clinical outcomes. IGF-1R signaling has also been shown to support mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and IGF-1R inhibition causes mitochondrial dysfunction. How IGF-1R intracellular trafficking and compartmentalized signaling is controlled is still unknown. This is an important area for further study, particularly in cancer.
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141
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Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site for folding and maturation of secreted and membrane proteins. When the ER protein-folding machinery is overwhelmed, misfolded proteins trigger ER stress, which is frequently linked to human diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) is an ER membrane-resident sensor that assembles into large clusters of previously unknown organization upon its activation by unfolded peptides. We demonstrate that IRE1 clusters are topologically complex dynamic structures that remain contiguous with the ER membrane throughout their lifetime. The majority of clustered IRE1 molecules are diffusionally trapped inside the clusters until IRE1 signaling attenuates, at which point they are released back into the ER through a pathway that is functionally distinct from cluster assembly. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-resident stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) governs the most evolutionarily conserved branch of the unfolded protein response. Upon sensing an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER lumen, IRE1 activates its cytoplasmic kinase and ribonuclease domains to transduce the signal. IRE1 activity correlates with its assembly into large clusters, yet the biophysical characteristics of IRE1 clusters remain poorly characterized. We combined superresolution microscopy, single-particle tracking, fluorescence recovery, and photoconversion to examine IRE1 clustering quantitatively in living human and mouse cells. Our results revealed that: 1) In contrast to qualitative impressions gleaned from microscopic images, IRE1 clusters comprise only a small fraction (∼5%) of the total IRE1 in the cell; 2) IRE1 clusters have complex topologies that display features of higher-order organization; 3) IRE1 clusters contain a diffusionally constrained core, indicating that they are not phase-separated liquid condensates; 4) IRE1 molecules in clusters remain diffusionally accessible to the free pool of IRE1 molecules in the general ER network; 5) when IRE1 clusters disappear at later time points of ER stress as IRE1 signaling attenuates, their constituent molecules are released back into the ER network and not degraded; 6) IRE1 cluster assembly and disassembly are mechanistically distinct; and 7) IRE1 clusters’ mobility is nearly independent of cluster size. Taken together, these insights define the clusters as dynamic assemblies with unique properties. The analysis tools developed for this study will be widely applicable to investigations of clustering behaviors in other signaling proteins.
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142
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Wei R, Liu X, Voss C, Qin W, Dagnino L, Li L, Vigny M, Li SSC. NUMB regulates the endocytosis and activity of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase in an isoform-specific manner. J Mol Cell Biol 2019; 11:994-1005. [PMID: 30726988 PMCID: PMC6927325 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NUMB is an evolutionarily conserved protein that plays an important role in cell adhesion, migration, polarity, and cell fate determination. It has also been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of certain cancers, although it remains controversial whether NUMB functions as an oncoprotein or tumor suppressor. Here, we show that NUMB binds to anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a receptor tyrosine kinase aberrantly activated in several forms of cancer, and this interaction regulates the endocytosis and activity of ALK. Intriguingly, the function of the NUMB-ALK interaction is isoform-dependent. While both p66-NUMB and p72-NUMB isoforms are capable of mediating the endocytosis of ALK, the former directs ALK to the lysosomal degradation pathway, thus decreasing the overall ALK level and the downstream MAP kinase signal. In contrast, the p72-NUMB isoform promotes ALK recycling back to the plasma membrane, thereby maintaining the kinase in its active state. Our work sheds light on the controversial role of different isoforms of NUMB in tumorigenesis and provides mechanistic insight into ALK regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Departments of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Departments of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney Voss
- Departments of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wentao Qin
- Departments of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina Dagnino
- Physiology and Pharmacology and Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Marc Vigny
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, INSERM UMRS-839, Paris, France
| | - Shawn Shun-Cheng Li
- Departments of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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143
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DaSilva JO, Yang K, Perez Bay AE, Andreev J, Ngoi P, Pyles E, Franklin MC, Dudgeon D, Rafique A, Dore A, Delfino FJ, Potocky TB, Babb R, Chen G, MacDonald D, Olson WC, Thurston G, Daly C. A Biparatopic Antibody That Modulates MET Trafficking Exhibits Enhanced Efficacy Compared with Parental Antibodies in MET-Driven Tumor Models. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:1408-1419. [PMID: 31848185 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent clinical data demonstrate that tumors harboring MET genetic alterations (exon 14 skip mutations and/or gene amplification) respond to small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, validating MET as a therapeutic target. Although antibody-mediated blockade of the MET pathway has not been successful in the clinic, the failures are likely the result of inadequate patient selection strategies as well as suboptimal antibody design. Thus, our goal was to generate a novel MET blocking antibody with enhanced efficacy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Here, we describe the activity of a biparatopic MET×MET antibody that recognizes two distinct epitopes in the MET Sema domain. We use a combination of in vitro assays and tumor models to characterize the effect of our antibody on MET signaling, MET intracellular trafficking, and the growth of MET-dependent cells/tumors. RESULTS In MET-driven tumor models, our biparatopic antibody exhibits significantly better activity than either of the parental antibodies or the mixture of the two parental antibodies and outperforms several clinical-stage MET antibodies. Mechanistically, the biparatopic antibody inhibits MET recycling, thereby promoting lysosomal trafficking and degradation of MET. In contrast to the parental antibodies, the biparatopic antibody fails to activate MET-dependent biological responses, consistent with the observation that it recycles inefficiently and induces very transient downstream signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide strong support for the notion that biparatopic antibodies are a promising therapeutic modality, potentially having greater efficacy than that predicted from the properties of the parental antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie Yang
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | | | - Peter Ngoi
- UC Santa Cruz, Program for Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Santa Cruz, California
| | - Erica Pyles
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Drew Dudgeon
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | - Anthony Dore
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | | | | | - Robert Babb
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
| | - Gang Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York
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Taskaeva I, Bgatova N, Gogaeva I. Lithium effects on vesicular trafficking in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Ultrastruct Pathol 2019; 43:301-311. [PMID: 31826700 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2019.1701167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly malignant tumors worldwide, characterized by the presence of many heterogeneous molecular cell events that contribute to tumor growth and progression. Endocytic processes are intimately involved in various pathological conditions, including cancer, since they interface with various cellular signaling programs. The ability of lithium to induce cell death and autophagy and affect cell proliferation and intracellular signaling has been shown in various experimental tumor models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lithium on vesicular transport in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Using transmission electron microscopy we have characterized the endocytic apparatus in hepatocellular carcinoma-29 (HCC-29) cells in vivo and detailed changes in endocytotic vesicles after 20 mM lithium carbonate administration. Immunofluorescent analysis was used to quantify cells positive for EEA1-positive early endosomes, Rab11-positive recycling endosomes and Rab7-positive late endosomes. Lithium treatment caused an increase in EEA1- and Rab11-positive structures and a decrease in Rab7-positive vesicles. Thus, lithium affects diverse endocytic pathways in HCC-29 cells which may modulate growth and development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Taskaeva
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Research, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Laboratory of Boron-Neutron Capture Therapy, Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nataliya Bgatova
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Research, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Izabella Gogaeva
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Research, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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145
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Ferraiuolo RM, Wagner KU. Regulation and New Treatment Strategies in Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCES (WESTLAKE VILLAGE, CALIF.) 2019; 1:23-38. [PMID: 32095785 PMCID: PMC7039658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer classifications are based on the presence or absence of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor along with the overexpression or amplification of the Her2 receptor. Although the overall 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients has increased due to the use of targeted therapies, a subset of patients can acquire resistance over time or are unresponsive when presented in the clinic. Novel therapies focusing on molecular pathways and cell cycle regulation currently being used in the clinic may lead to increased response in this subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa-Maria Ferraiuolo
- Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University
School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Kay-Uwe Wagner
- Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University
School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202
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146
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Herbst R. MuSk function during health and disease. Neurosci Lett 2019; 716:134676. [PMID: 31811897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK (muscle-specific kinase) is the key signaling molecule during the formation of a mature and functional neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Signal transduction events downstream of MuSK activation induce both pre- and postsynaptic differentiation, which, most prominently, includes the clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at synaptic sites. MuSK activation requires a complex interplay between its co-receptor Lrp4 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-4), the motor neuron-derived heparan-sulfate proteoglycan Agrin and the intracellular adaptor protein Dok-7. A tight regulation of MuSK kinase activity is crucial for proper NMJ development. Defects in MuSK signaling are the cause of muscle weakness as reported in congenital myasthenic syndromes and myasthenia gravis. This review focuses on recent structure-based analyses of MuSK, Agrin, Lrp4 and Dok-7 interactions and their function during MuSK activation. Conclusions about the regulation of the MuSK kinase that were derived from molecular structures will be highlighted. In addition, the role of MuSK during development and disease will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Herbst
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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147
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EGFL9 promotes breast cancer metastasis by inducing cMET activation and metabolic reprogramming. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5033. [PMID: 31695034 PMCID: PMC6834558 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms driving metastatic progression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that epidermal growth factor-like 9 (EGFL9) is significantly upregulated in basal-like breast cancer cells and associated with metastatic progression in breast tumor samples. Functionally, EGFL9 is both necessary and sufficient to enhance cancer cell migration and invasion, as well as distant metastasis. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that EGFL9 binds cMET, activating cMET-mediated downstream signaling. EGFL9 and cMET co-localize at both the cell membrane and within the mitochondria. We further identify an interaction between EGFL9 and the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly factor COA3. Consequently, EGFL9 regulates COX activity and modulates cell metabolism, promoting a Warburg-like metabolic phenotype. Finally, we show that combined pharmacological inhibition of cMET and glycolysis reverses EGFL9-driven stemness. Our results identify EGFL9 as a therapeutic target for combating metastatic progression in TNBC. Triple-negative breast cancer is an aggressive form of the disease. Here, the authors identify EGFL9 as a mediator of metastasis in TNBC through interactions with cMET.
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148
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Growth factors with enhanced syndecan binding generate tonic signalling and promote tissue healing. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 4:463-475. [PMID: 31685999 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0469-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Growth factors can stimulate tissue regeneration, but the side effects and low effectiveness associated with suboptimal delivery systems have impeded their use in translational regenerative medicine. Physiologically, growth factor interactions with the extracellular matrix control their bioavailability and spatiotemporal cellular signalling. Growth factor signalling is also controlled at the cell surface level via binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans, such as syndecans. Here we show that vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) that were engineered to have a syndecan-binding sequence trigger sustained low-intensity signalling (tonic signalling) and reduce the desensitization of growth factor receptors. We also show in mouse models that tonic signalling leads to superior morphogenetic activity, with syndecan-binding growth factors inducing greater bone regeneration and wound repair than wild-type growth factors, as well as reduced tumour growth (associated with PDGF-BB delivery) and vascular permeability (triggered by VEGF-A). Tonic signalling via syndecan binding may also enhance the regenerative capacity of other growth factors.
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149
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Hong J, Wuest TR, Min Y, Lin PC. Oxygen Tension Regulates Lysosomal Activation and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Degradation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111653. [PMID: 31717697 PMCID: PMC6896048 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen sensing is crucial for adaptation to variable habitats and physiological conditions. Low oxygen tension, or hypoxia, is a common feature of solid tumors, and hypoxic tumors are often more aggressive and resistant to therapy. Here we show that, in cultured mammalian cells, hypoxia suppressed lysosomal acidification/activation and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) degradation. Hypoxia down-regulated mTORc1, reducing its ability to activate transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of V-ATPase, the lysosomal proton pump. Hypoxia prevented epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation in tumor tissues, whereas activation of lysosomes enhanced tumor cell response to anti-EGFR treatment. Our results link oxygen tension and lysosomal activity, provide a molecular explanation of the malignant phenotype associated with hypoxic tumors, and suggest activation of lysosomes may provide therapeutic benefit in RTK-targeted cancer therapy.
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150
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Vitrac H, Mallampalli VKPS, Dowhan W. Importance of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycles on lipid-dependent modulation of membrane protein topology by posttranslational phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:18853-18862. [PMID: 31645436 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications of proteins, such as phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, play critical roles in cellular functions through diverse cell signaling pathways. Protein kinases and phosphatases have been described early on as key regulatory elements of the phosphorylated state of proteins. Tight spatial and temporal regulation of protein kinase and phosphatase activities has to be achieved in the cell to ensure accurate signal transduction. We demonstrated previously that phosphorylation of a membrane protein can lead to its topological rearrangement. Additionally, we found that both the rate and extent of topological rearrangement upon phosphorylation are lipid charge- and lipid environment-dependent. Here, using a model membrane protein (the bacterial lactose permease LacY reconstituted in proteoliposomes) and a combination of real-time measurements and steady-state assessments of protein topology, we established a set of experimental conditions to dissect the effects of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of a membrane protein on its topological orientation. We also demonstrate that the phosphorylation-induced topological switch of a membrane protein can be reversed upon protein dephosphorylation, revealing a new regulatory role for phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycles. Furthermore, we determined that the rate of topological rearrangement reversal is correlated with phosphatase activity and is influenced by the membrane's lipid composition, presenting new insights into the spatiotemporal control of the protein phosphorylation state. Together, our results highlight the importance of the compartmentalization of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycles in controlling membrane protein topology and, therefore, function, which are influenced by the local lipid environment of the membrane protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Vitrac
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Center for Membrane Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Houston, Texas 77030.
| | - Venkata K P S Mallampalli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Center for Membrane Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Houston, Texas 77030
| | - William Dowhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Center for Membrane Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Houston, Texas 77030.
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