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Zhong X, Powell C, Phillips CM, Millar SR, Carson BP, Dowd KP, Perry IJ, Kearney PM, Harrington JM, O'Toole PW, Donnelly AE. The Influence of Different Physical Activity Behaviours on the Gut Microbiota of Older Irish Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:854-861. [PMID: 34409962 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1630-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A 24-hour day is made up of time spent in a range of physical activity (PA) behaviours, including sleep, sedentary time, standing, light-intensity PA (LIPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), all of which may have the potential to alter an individual's health through various different pathways and mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the relationship between PA behaviours and the gut microbiome in older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS Participants (n=100; age 69.0 [3.0] years; 44% female) from the Mitchelstown Cohort Rescreen (MCR) Study (2015-2017). METHODS Participants provided measures of gut microbiome composition (profiled by sequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons), and objective measures of PA behaviours (by a 7-day wear protocol using an activPAL3 Micro). RESULTS Standing time was positively correlated with the abundance of butyrate-producing and anti-inflammatory bacteria, including Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Bifidobacterium, MVPA was positively associated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae bacteria, while sedentary time was associated with lower abundance of Ruminococcaceae and higher abundance of Streptococcus spp. CONCLUSION Physical activity behaviours appear to influence gut microbiota composition in older adults, with different PA behaviours having diverging effects on gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhong
- Prof. Alan E. Donnelly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland, , Tel: +353 61 202808
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102
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Inulin Fermentation by Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria from Dairy Calves. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 87:AEM.01738-20. [PMID: 33008824 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01738-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics are increasingly examined for their ability to modulate the neonate gut microbiota of livestock, and products such as inulin are commonly added to milk replacer used in calving. However, the ability of specific members of the bovine neonate microbiota to respond to inulin remains to be determined, particularly among indigenous lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, beneficial genera commonly enriched by inulin. Screening of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus isolates obtained from fresh feces of dairy calves revealed that lactobacilli had a higher prevalence of inulin fermentation capacity (58%) than bifidobacteria (17%). Several Ligilactobacillus agilis (synonym Lactobacillus agilis) isolates exhibited vigorous growth on, and complete degradation of, inulin; however, the phenotype was strain specific. The most vigorous inulin-fermenting strain, L. agilis YZ050, readily degraded long-chain inulin not consumed by bifidobacterial isolates. Comparative genomic analysis of both L. agilis fermenter and nonfermenter strains indicated that strain YZ050 encodes an inulinase homolog, previously linked to extracellular degradation of long-chain inulin in Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, that was strongly induced during growth on inulin. Inulin catabolism by YZ050 also generates extracellular fructose, which can cross-feed other non-inulin-fermenting lactic acid bacteria isolated from the same bovine feces. The presence of specific inulin-responsive bacterial strains within calf gut microbiome provides a mechanistic rationale for enrichment of specific lactobacilli and creates a foundation for future synbiotic applications in dairy calves aimed at improving health in early life.IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome plays an important role in animal health and is increasingly recognized as a target for diet-based manipulation. Inulin is a common prebiotic routinely added to animal feeds; however, the mechanism of inulin consumption by specific beneficial taxa in livestock is ill defined. In this study, we examined Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium isolates from calves fed inulin-containing milk replacer and characterized specific strains that robustly consume long-chain inulin. In particular, novel Ligilactobacillus agilis strain YZ050 consumed inulin via an extracellular fructosidase, resulting in complete consumption of all long-chain inulin. Inulin catabolism resulted in temporal release of extracellular fructose, which can promote growth of other non-inulin-consuming strains of lactic acid bacteria. This work provides the mechanistic insight needed to purposely modulate the calf gut microbiome via the establishment of networks of beneficial microbes linked to specific prebiotics.
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Roberts JL, Liu G, Darby TM, Fernandes LM, Diaz-Hernandez ME, Jones RM, Drissi H. Bifidobacterium adolescentis supplementation attenuates fracture-induced systemic sequelae. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110831. [PMID: 33022534 PMCID: PMC9979243 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is an important contributor to both health and disease. While previous studies have reported on the beneficial influences of the gut microbiota and probiotic supplementation on bone health, their role in recovery from skeletal injury and resultant systemic sequelae remains unexplored. This study aimed to determine the extent to which probiotics could modulate bone repair by dampening fracture-induced systemic inflammation. Our findings demonstrate that femur fracture induced an increase in gut permeability lasting up to 7 days after trauma before returning to basal levels. Strikingly, dietary supplementation with Bifidobacterium adolescentis augmented the tightening of the intestinal barrier, dampened the systemic inflammatory response to fracture, accelerated fracture callus cartilage remodeling, and elicited enhanced protection of the intact skeleton following fracture. Together, these data outline a mechanism whereby dietary supplementation with beneficial bacteria can be therapeutically targeted to prevent the systemic pathologies induced by femur fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L. Roberts
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA,Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Guanglu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Trevor M. Darby
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lorenzo M. Fernandes
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Rheinallt M. Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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104
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Literature-Based Phenotype Survey and In Silico Genotype Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance in the Genus Bifidobacterium. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:4104-4113. [PMID: 33057753 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are typical commensals inhabiting the human intestine and are beneficial to the host because of their probiotic properties. One of the risks concerning probiotics is the potential of introducing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to the host gut pathogens. This study was aimed to depict the general antibiotic resistance characteristics of the genus Bifidobacterium by combining the reported phenotype dataset and in silico genotype prediction. Bifidobacteria were mostly reported to be sensitive to beta-lactams, glycopeptides, chloramphenicol, and rifampicin, but resistant to aminoglycosides, polypeptides, quinolones, and mupirocin. Generally, the resistance phenotypes to erythromycin, tetracycline, fusidic acid, metronidazole, clindamycin, and trimethoprim were variable. Besides cmX and tetQ, characterized in bifidobacterial resident plasmids, 3520 putative ARGs were identified from 831 bifidobacterial genomes through BLASTP search. The identified ARGs matched thirty-eight reference ARGs, four of which seemed to be mutant housekeeping genes. The two high-abundant ARGs, tetW and ermX, were found to have different distribution traits. The predicted ARGs reasonably explained most of the corresponding resistant phenotypes in the published literature.
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105
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Choi YI, Lee JJ, Chung JW, Kim KO, Kim YJ, Kim JH, Park DK, Kwon KA. Efficacy and Patient Tolerability Profiles of Probiotic Solution with Bisacodyl Versus Conventional Cleansing Solution for Bowel Preparation: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103286. [PMID: 33066237 PMCID: PMC7602042 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although adequate bowel preparation is essential in screening colonoscopy, patient intolerability to bowel cleansing agents is problematic. Recently, a probiotic mixture solution with bisacodyl emerged to improve patient tolerability. We investigated the efficacy, safety, and patient tolerability profiles of probiotics with bisacodyl versus conventional polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution for bowel preparation for screening colonoscopies in healthy patients in this prospective, randomized, case-control study. In total, 385 volunteers were randomly assigned to receive 2 L of water + 200 mL of probiotic solution (case group, n = 195) or 4 L of PEG solution (control group, n = 190). The efficacy of the bowel cleansing was evaluated using the Ottawa scale system, polyp detection rate, and adenoma detection rate, and the patient tolerability profiles were assessed using a questionnaire. The demographics were not significantly different between groups. When the Ottawa score for each bowel segment was stratified into an adequate vs. inadequate level (Ottawa score ≤ 3 vs. >3), there were no statistical differences between groups in each segment of the colon. There were no significant differences in the polyp and adenoma detection rates between groups (38.42% vs. 32.42, p = 0.30; 25.79% vs. 18.97%, p = 0.11). The case group showed significantly fewer events than the control group, especially nausea, vomiting, and abdominal bloating events. Regarding the overall satisfaction grade, the case group reported significantly more “average” scores (95% vs. 44%, p < 0.001) and were more willing to use the same agents again (90.26% vs. 61.85%, p < 0.001). As patient compliance with bowel preparation agents is associated with an adequate level of bowel cleansing, a probiotic solution with bisacodyl might be a new bowel preparation candidate, especially in patients who show a poor compliance with conventional bowel preparation agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kwang An Kwon
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-460-3778; Fax: +82-32-460-3408
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106
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Ribeiro CFA, Silveira GGDOS, Cândido EDS, Cardoso MH, Espínola Carvalho CM, Franco OL. Effects of Antibiotic Treatment on Gut Microbiota and How to Overcome Its Negative Impacts on Human Health. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2544-2559. [PMID: 32786282 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The need for new antimicrobial therapies is evident, especially to reduce antimicrobial resistance and minimize deleterious effects on gut microbiota. However, although diverse studies discuss the adverse effects of broad-spectrum antibiotics on the microbiome ecology, targeted interventions that could solve this problem have often been overlooked. The impact of antibiotics on gut microbiota homeostasis is alarming, compromising its microbial community and leading to changes in host health. Recent studies have shown that these impacts can be transient or permanent, causing irreversible damage to gut microbiota. The responses to and changes in the gut microbial community arising from antibiotic treatment are related to its duration, the number of doses, antibiotic class, host age, genetic susceptibility, and lifestyle. In contrast, each individual's native microbiota can also affect the response to treatment as well as respond differently to antibiotic treatment. In this context, the current challenge is to promote the growth of potentially beneficial microorganisms and to reduce the proportion of microorganisms that cause dysbiosis, thus contributing to an improvement in the patient's health. An essential requirement for the development of novel antibiotics will be personalized medicinal strategies that recognize a patient's intestinal and biochemical individuality. Thus, this Review will address a new perspective on antimicrobial therapies through pathogen-selective antibiotics that minimize the impacts on human health due to changes in the gut microbiota from the use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Fontoura Acosta Ribeiro
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79117-900, Brazil
| | | | - Elizabete de Souza Cândido
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79117-900, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District 71966-700, Brazil
| | - Marlon Henrique Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79117-900, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District 71966-700, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Marcelo Espínola Carvalho
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul 79117-900, Brazil
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Federal District 71966-700, Brazil
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107
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Abbasalizadeh S, Ebrahimi B, Azizi A, Dargahi R, Tayebali M, Ghadim ST, Foroumandi E, Aliasghari F, Javadi M, Izadi A, Banifatemeh L, Pourjafar H, Khalili L, Ghalichi F, Houshmandi S, Rad AH. Review of Constipation Treatment Methods with Emphasis on Laxative Foods. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401315666191002164336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Constipation is a common public health concern experienced by all individuals during
their life affecting the quality of life. In this paper, we aimed to provide an overview of the existing
evidence regarding the role of food ingredients, including bran, prune, fig, kiwifruit, and flax-seed in
constipation treatment. We searched Scopus, Pub Med, and Science Direct by using the keywords,
“laxative foods” and “constipation”, for searching studies assessing laxative food ingredients and
their beneficial effects on constipation treatment and/or control. Lifestyle modifications such as increasing
dietary fiber and fluid intake and daily exercise are the proposed first line treatments for
constipation. Optimizing ‘diet’ as an efficient lifestyle factor may contribute to the well-being of patients.
The use of laxative food ingredients including bran, prune, fig, kiwifruit, flax-seed, probiotics,
and prebiotics is a convenient alternative to cope with constipation. According to previous findings,
laxative food ingredients could be considered as effective treatments for subjects suffering from constipation.
Many studies have assessed the pharmacological and non-pharmacological roles of these
ingredients in treating constipation, however, their importance has not been thoroughly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsi Abbasalizadeh
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Ebrahimi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Aslan Azizi
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Ministry of Jihad Agriculture, Karaj, Iran
| | - Rogaye Dargahi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Maryam Tayebali
- Department of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sepideh T. Ghadim
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Foroumandi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Aliasghari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mina Javadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azimeh Izadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Banifatemeh
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Pourjafar
- Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Leila Khalili
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghalichi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sousan Houshmandi
- Faculty of Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Aziz H. Rad
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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108
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Utilization of sucrose and analog disaccharides by human intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli: Search of the bifidobacteria enzymes involved in the degradation of these disaccharides. Microbiol Res 2020; 240:126558. [PMID: 32688171 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The majority of oligosaccharides used as prebiotics typically consist of a combination of 3 kinds of neutral monosaccharides, d-glucose, d-galactose, and d-fructose. In this context, we aimed to generate new types of prebiotic oligosaccharides containing other monosaccharides, and to date have synthesized various oligosaccharides containing an amino sugar, uronic acid, and their derivatives. In this study, we investigated the effects of 4 kinds of sucrose (Suc) analog disaccharides containing d-glucosamine, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, d-glucuronic acid, or d-glucuronamide as constituent monosaccharides, on the growth of 8 species of bifidobacteria and 3 species of lactobacilli isolated from the human intestine. The results of these experiments were compared with those obtained from identical experiments using Suc. We confirmed that all bacterial strains could utilize Suc as a nutrient source for growth; in contrast, only specific species of bifidobacteria showed growth with Suc analog disaccharides. When oligosaccharides are utilized as a nutrient source by bacteria, they are often broken down into monosaccharides or their derivatives by cellular enzymes before entering the intracellular glycolytic pathway. Therefore, to clarify the above phenomenon involved in the growth of bifidobacteria using Suc analog disaccharides, we investigated the cellular glycosidases of 3 strains of bifidobacteria shown to be capable or incapable of growth in the presence of these disaccharides. As the result, it was confirmed that the strains capable of growth using Suc analog disaccharides show greater productivity of glycosidases that degrade these disaccharides than strains not capable of growth; however, we have not identified the enzymes here.
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109
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Anto L, Warykas SW, Torres-Gonzalez M, Blesso CN. Milk Polar Lipids: Underappreciated Lipids with Emerging Health Benefits. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1001. [PMID: 32260440 PMCID: PMC7230917 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk fat is encased in a polar lipid-containing tri-layer milk fat globule membrane (MFGM), composed of phospholipids (PLs) and sphingolipids (SLs). Milk PLs and SLs comprise about 1% of total milk lipids. The surfactant properties of PLs are important for dairy products; however, dairy products vary considerably in their polar lipid to total lipid content due to the existence of dairy foods with different fat content. Recent basic science and clinical research examining food sources and health effects of milk polar lipids suggest they may beneficially influence dysfunctional lipid metabolism, gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, gut health, and neurodevelopment. However, more research is warranted in clinical studies to confirm these effects in humans. Overall, there are a number of potential effects of consuming milk polar lipids, and they should be considered as food matrix factors that may directly confer health benefits and/or impact effects of other dietary lipids, with implications for full-fat vs. reduced-fat dairy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Anto
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.A.); (S.W.W.)
| | - Sarah Wen Warykas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.A.); (S.W.W.)
| | | | - Christopher N. Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (L.A.); (S.W.W.)
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110
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Bahmani S, Azarpira N, Moazamian E. Anti-colon cancer activity of Bifidobacterium metabolites on colon cancer cell line SW742. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020; 30:835-842. [PMID: 31530527 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2019.18451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Bacteria species, which are used as probiotics, are lactic acid bacteria. The majority of them are under the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify Bifidobacterium and to evaluate the effects of their 24 h and 120 h cell-free supernatants (CFS) from both cultures on colon cancer cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, 84 samples of dairy products, infant feces, and probiotic capsule were collected, and Bifidobacterium was isolated. Gram stain, biochemical tests, and molecular identification were done for the isolation and identification of Bifidobacterium. Cytotoxicity effects of CFS derived from both cultures of isolated Bifidobacterium were assessed on colon cancer cell lines. RESULTS In the present study, 17 isolates of Bifidobacterium were identified. The results show that Bifidobacterium was most frequently associated with infant feces and dairy products, whereas the lowest rate was associated with local milk. After the effects of CFS on colon cancer cell line, two isolates were identified from infant feces and probiotic capsule; they had the highest ability in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. Bifidobacterium bifidum was effective in combating cancer cells and was associated with a substantial improvement in gastrointestinal cancer. CONCLUSION The study has shown that the regular ingested probiotics could prevent the development of colorectal cancer. During the present study, the produced CFS could inhibit the growth of colon cancer cells. In conclusion, probiotics have good potential to be introduced as a new approach to colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Bahmani
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University School of Science, Fars, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Organ Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Moazamian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
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111
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Kim SY, Seo DH, Kim SH, Hong YS, Lee JH, Kim YJ, Jung DH, Yoo SH, Park CS. Comparative study on four amylosucrases from Bifidobacterium species. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:535-542. [PMID: 32220644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amylosucrase (ASase) is α-glucan-producing enzyme. Four putative ASase genes (bdas, blas, bpas, and btas) were cloned from Bifidobacterium sp. and expressed in Escherichia coli. All ASases from Bifidobacterium sp. (BAS) displayed typical ASase properties with slightly different characteristics. Among the BASs studied, BdAS and BpAS showed maximal enzyme activities at 35 and 30 °C, respectively, whereas BlAS and BtAS were maximally active at higher temperatures, i.e., 45 and 50 °C, respectively. BpAS exhibited optimum pH under slightly basic conditions (pH 8.0), while BdAS, BlAS, and BtAS preferred weakly acidic conditions (pH 5.0-6.0). All BASs showed higher isomerization activities. Particularly, BlAS produced more trehalulose than turanose. Although polymerization was the highest for BtAS, BtAS synthesized α-1, 4-glucans with a lower degree of polymerization than that of the other BASs. The versatile properties of the BASs described could contribute to the efficient production of highly valuable biomaterials for the agriculture, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Sik Hong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ha Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Jung
- Bacteria Research Team, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
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112
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Wan H, Liu T, Su C, Ji X, Wang L, Zhao Y, Wang Z. Evaluation of bacterial and fungal communities during the fermentation of Baixi sufu, a traditional spicy fermented bean curd. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1448-1457. [PMID: 31756265 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baixi sufu (BS) is a traditional Chinese spicy fermented bean curd manufactured with a natural starter. In this study, the bacterial and fungal communities during BS fermentation were determined by culture and by the culture-independent method of high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Correlation analyses were performed to select the microorganisms potentially contributing to this fermentation. RESULTS During the fermentation of BS, 162 bacterial and 97 fungal strains were isolated and identified, and a total of 268 314 bacterial and 287 844 fungal high-quality sequences were analyzed. In general, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), especially Enterococcus and Lactococcus, were dominant in the early stage of fermentation, and spore-forming bacteria, especially Bacillus spp., became the predominant bacteria by the end of fermentation. Geotrichum, Mortierella, and unclassified Ascomycota, were the major fungal populations, which could not be detected in the final product. Correlation analyses indicated that Enterococcus, Bacillus, Geotrichum, and unclassified Ascomycota correlated significantly and positively with amino nitrogen. However, due to the sporulation characteristics of Bacillus, they may have little effect on BS ripening. The presence of Bifidobacterium spp. in sufu is reported for the first time, but the excessive counts of the Bacillus cereus group (>105 CFU g-1 ) indicate a potential hazard to consumers. CONCLUSION The profiles obtained from this study will contribute to the development of autochthonous starter cultures to control BS fermentation, and may lead to the development of novel strategies to shorten the fermentation time of sufu products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Wan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiwei Su
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Ji
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Food Thermal-processing Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengquan Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
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113
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Jiménez-Avalos JA, Arrevillaga-Boni G, González-López L, García-Carvajal ZY, González-Avila M. Classical methods and perspectives for manipulating the human gut microbial ecosystem. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:234-258. [PMID: 32114770 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1724075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A healthy Human Gut Microbial Ecosystem (HGME) is a necessary condition for maintaining the orderly function of the whole body. Major alterations in the normal gut microbial composition, activity and functionality (dysbiosis) by an environmental or host-related disruptive event, can compromise metabolic, inflammatory, and neurological processes, causing disorders such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and depressive episodes. The restore or the maintaining of the homeostatic balance of Gut Microbiota (GM) populations (eubiosis) is possible through diet, the use of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, and even Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT). Although these "classic methods" represent an effective and accepted way to modulate GM, the complexity of HGME requires new approaches to control it in a more appropriate way. Among the most promising emergent strategies for modulating GM are the use of engineered nanomaterials (metallic nanoparticles (NP), polymeric-NP, quantum dots, micelles, dendrimers, and liposomes); phagotherapy (i.e., phages linked with the CRISPR/Cas9 system), and the use of antimicrobial peptides, non-antibiotic drugs, vaccines, and immunoglobulins. Here we review the current state of development, implications, advantages, disadvantages, and perspectives of the different approaches for manipulating HGME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Armando Jiménez-Avalos
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Arrevillaga-Boni
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Zaira Yunuen García-Carvajal
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marisela González-Avila
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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114
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Venkateswarulu T, Abraham Peele K, Krupanidhi S, Prakash Narayana Reddy K, Indira M, Ranga Rao A, Bharath Kumar R, Vidya Prabhakar K. Biochemical and molecular characterization of lactase producing bacterium isolated from dairy effluent. JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY - SCIENCE 2020; 32:1581-1585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
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115
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Dedrick S, Sundaresh B, Huang Q, Brady C, Yoo T, Cronin C, Rudnicki C, Flood M, Momeni B, Ludvigsson J, Altindis E. The Role of Gut Microbiota and Environmental Factors in Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:78. [PMID: 32174888 PMCID: PMC7057241 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is regarded as an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency resulting from destruction of pancreatic β-cells. The incidence rates of T1D have increased worldwide. Over the past decades, progress has been made in understanding the complexity of the immune response and its role in T1D pathogenesis, however, the trigger of T1D autoimmunity remains unclear. The increasing incidence rates, immigrant studies, and twin studies suggest that environmental factors play an important role and the trigger cannot simply be explained by genetic predisposition. Several research initiatives have identified environmental factors that potentially contribute to the onset of T1D autoimmunity and the progression of disease in children/young adults. More recently, the interplay between gut microbiota and the immune system has been implicated as an important factor in T1D pathogenesis. Although results often vary between studies, broad compositional and diversity patterns have emerged from both longitudinal and cross-sectional human studies. T1D patients have a less diverse gut microbiota, an increased prevalence of Bacteriodetes taxa and an aberrant metabolomic profile compared to healthy controls. In this comprehensive review, we present the data obtained from both animal and human studies focusing on the large longitudinal human studies. These studies are particularly valuable in elucidating the environmental factors that lead to aberrant gut microbiota composition and potentially contribute to T1D. We also discuss how environmental factors, such as birth mode, diet, and antibiotic use modulate gut microbiota and how this potentially contributes to T1D. In the final section, we focus on existing recent literature on microbiota-produced metabolites, proteins, and gut virome function as potential protectants or triggers of T1D onset. Overall, current results indicate that higher levels of diversity along with the presence of beneficial microbes and the resulting microbial-produced metabolites can act as protectors against T1D onset. However, the specifics of the interplay between host and microbes are yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dedrick
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | | | - Qian Huang
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Claudia Brady
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Tessa Yoo
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Catherine Cronin
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Caitlin Rudnicki
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Michael Flood
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Babak Momeni
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Emrah Altindis
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
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116
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Din AU, Hassan A, Zhu Y, Zhang K, Wang Y, Li T, Wang Y, Wang G. Inhibitory effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 29521 on colitis and its mechanism. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 79:108353. [PMID: 32145470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are known to be beneficial in preventing different diseases in model animals, including inflammatory bowel disease. However, there are few studies on probiotics related to miRNA regulation and disease status. In this article, the beneficial role and mechanisms of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 29521 have been studied in ulcerative colitis using dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) model. Male C57JBL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (n=7): Normal group, dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) group, and Bifido group gavage with Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 29521 (2×108 CFU/day). Our strain restored the DSS-caused damage by regulating the expression of immune markers and tight junction proteins (TJP) in the colon; briefly by up-regulating ROS-scavenging enzymes (SOD1, SOD2, CAT, and GPX2), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, PPARγ, IL-6), TJP's (ZO-1, MUC-2, Claudin-3, and E Cadherin-1) and downregulating inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β) in Bifido group mice. Inflammatory markers appeared to be regulated by NF-κB nuclear P65 subunit, and its translocation was inhibited in Bifido group mice colon. In addition, the expression of inflammatory genes and colonic TJP were also associated with the restoration of miRNAs (miR-150, miR-155, miR-223) in B. bifidum ATCC 29521 treated Bifido group. The dysbiosis executed by DSS was restored in the Bifido group, demonstrating that B. bifidum ATCC 29521 possessed a probiotic role in our DSS colitis mouse model. B. bifidum ATCC 29521 exhibited its probiotic role through its anti-inflammatory role by modulating miRNA-associated TJP and NF-κB regulation and by partially restoring dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ud Din
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University Luzhou, China
| | - Adil Hassan
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tianhan Li
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-rheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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117
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Complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium adolescentis P2P3, a human gut bacterium possessing strong resistant starch-degrading activity. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:31. [PMID: 31988825 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-2019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) is an important food source from which gut bacteria produce short chain fatty acids, which have beneficial effects for human health. The Bifidobacterium adolescentis P2P3, a human gut bacterium possessing a strong RS-degrading activity, was isolated from a healthy Korean adult male. In vitro experiments showed that this bacterium could utilize approximately 63% of high amylose corn starch after forming RS granule clusters. Here we provide the first complete set of genomic information on RS-degrading B. adolescentis P2P3. The genome of B. adolescentis P2P3 consists of one chromosome (2,202,982 bp) with high GC content (59.4%). Analysis of the protein-coding genes revealed that at least nineteen of the starch degradation-related enzymes were present in the genome. Among those, five genes evidently possess carbohydrate-binding domains, which are presumed to be involved in efficient RS decomposition. The complete set of genomic information on B. adolescentis P2P3 could provide an understanding of the role of RS-degrading gut bacteria and its RS degradation mechanism.
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118
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Chen X, Zheng R, Liu R, Li L. Goat milk fermented by lactic acid bacteria modulates small intestinal microbiota and immune responses. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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119
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Rezazadeh L, Alipour B, Jafarabadi MA, Gargari BP. Evaluation of the effects of probiotic yoghurt on inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomised controlled trial. Int Dairy J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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120
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Cationic conjugated polymers for enhancing beneficial bacteria adhesion and biofilm formation in gut microbiota. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 188:110815. [PMID: 31986332 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
It is important to develop efficient therapeutic methods to maintain a healthy balance among gut microbiota by increasing the beneficial bacteria and decreasing the harmful bacteria. In this work, a cationic polythiophene derivative poly(3-(3'-N,N,N-triethylamino-1'-propyloxy)-4-methyl-2,5-thiophene hydrochloride) (PMNT) with quaternary ammonium groups as side chains has been used for efficiently promoting the initial adhesion and biofilm formation of beneficial bacteria in gut microbiota. Upon addition of PMNT, three species of gut microbiota have an increased biofilm formation ability (216.5 % for Escherichia coli (E. coli), 130.7 % for Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infants) and 47.6 % for Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis)). As the initial adhesion of bacteria to a surface is an essential step during biofilm formation, PMNT can promote the attachment of bacteria by forming bacteria /PMNT aggregates which possess more cell-to-cell interactions. RNA sequencing results of bacteria within biofilm indicate that the utilization of carbohydrate and glycan is accelerated in the presence of PMNT, leading to enhanced quorum sensing and biofilm formation of E. coli. After forming biofilm, beneficial bacteria have an enhanced resistance to adverse environmental conditions which is significant for maintaining the balance of gut microbiota. Conjugated polymers exhibit a good potential application in modulating the balance of gut microbiota and development of new probiotics drugs.
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121
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Zheng Y, Zeng X, Chen T, Peng W, Su W. Chemical Profile, Antioxidative, and Gut Microbiota Modulatory Properties of Ganpu Tea: A Derivative of Pu-erh Tea. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010224. [PMID: 31952251 PMCID: PMC7019831 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganpu tea is an emerging tea drink produced from Pu-erh tea and the pericarp of Citrus reticulate Chachi (GCP). Recently, it has been increasingly favored by consumers due to the potential health effects and special taste. However, information concerning its chemical profile and biological activities is scarce. In this work, a total of 92 constituents were identified in hot-water extracts of Ganpu tea with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Moreover, the antioxidative and gut microbiota modulatory properties of Ganpu tea were investigated in rats after long-term dietary consumption. Ganpu tea and GCP could significantly enhance the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 13.4% (p < 0.05) and 15.1% (p < 0.01), as well as the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by 16.3% (p < 0.01) and 20.5% (p < 0.01), respectively. Both showed better antioxidant capacities than Pu-erh tea. Ganpu tea increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Lactococcus, suggesting the potential of Ganpu tea in modulating the gut microbiota to benefit human health. The obtained results provide essential information for further investigation of Ganpu tea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weiwei Su
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-84112398
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122
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Deciphering the metabolic capabilities of Bifidobacteria using genome-scale metabolic models. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18222. [PMID: 31796826 PMCID: PMC6890778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria, the initial colonisers of breastfed infant guts, are considered as the key commensals that promote a healthy gastrointestinal tract. However, little is known about the key metabolic differences between different strains of these bifidobacteria, and consequently, their suitability for their varied commercial applications. In this context, the present study applies a constraint-based modelling approach to differentiate between 36 important bifidobacterial strains, enhancing their genome-scale metabolic models obtained from the AGORA (Assembly of Gut Organisms through Reconstruction and Analysis) resource. By studying various growth and metabolic capabilities in these enhanced genome-scale models across 30 different nutrient environments, we classified the bifidobacteria into three specific groups. We also studied the ability of the different strains to produce short-chain fatty acids, finding that acetate production is niche- and strain-specific, unlike lactate. Further, we captured the role of critical enzymes from the bifid shunt pathway, which was found to be essential for a subset of bifidobacterial strains. Our findings underline the significance of analysing metabolic capabilities as a powerful approach to explore distinct properties of the gut microbiome. Overall, our study presents several insights into the nutritional lifestyles of bifidobacteria and could potentially be leveraged to design species/strain-specific probiotics or prebiotics.
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123
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In vitro fermentation of Cucumis sativus fructus extract by canine gut microbiota in combination with two probiotic strains. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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124
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Weis S, Schwiertz A, Unger MM, Becker A, Faßbender K, Ratering S, Kohl M, Schnell S, Schäfer KH, Egert M. Effect of Parkinson's disease and related medications on the composition of the fecal bacterial microbiota. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2019; 5:28. [PMID: 31815177 PMCID: PMC6884491 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-019-0100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. PD patients suffer from gastrointestinal dysfunctions and alterations of the autonomous nervous system, especially its part in the gut wall, i.e., the enteric nervous system (ENS). Such alterations and functional gastrointestinal deficits often occur years before the classical clinical symptoms of PD appear. Until now, only little is known about PD-associated changes in gut microbiota composition and their potential implication in PD development. In order to increase knowledge in this field, fecal samples of 34 PD patients and 25 healthy, age-matched control persons were investigated. Here, the V4 and V5 hypervariable region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes was PCR-amplified and sequenced using an Ion Torrent PGM platform. Within the PD group, we observed a relative decrease in bacterial taxa which are linked to health-promoting, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective or other beneficial effects on the epithelial barrier, such as Faecalibacterium and Fusicatenibacter. Both taxa were lowered in PD patients with elevated levels of the fecal inflammation marker calprotectin. In addition, we observed an increase in shares of the Clostridiales family XI and their affiliated members in these samples. Finally, we found that the relative abundances of the bacterial genera Peptoniphilus, Finegoldia, Faecalibacterium Fusicatenibacter, Anaerococcus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Ruminococcus were significantly influenced by medication with L-dopa and entacapone, respectively. Our data confirm previously reported effects of COMT inhibitors on the fecal microbiota of PD patients and suggest a possible effect of L-dopa medication on the relative abundance of several bacterial genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Weis
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | | | - Marcus M. Unger
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anouck Becker
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Faßbender
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Matthias Kohl
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Group for Statistics in Biology and Medicine, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Biotechnology, ENS Working Group, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Egert
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Institute of Precision Medicine, Microbiology and Hygiene Group, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
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125
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Matejčeková Z, Mikulajová A, Vlková E, Liptáková D, Mošovská S, Hybenová E, Valík Ľ. Design of Bacterial Cultures in Fermented Functional Maize Product Formulation. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/112642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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126
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Bifidobacterium sp as Probiotic Agent - Roles and Applications. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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127
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Xu Y, Cui Y, Yue F, Liu L, Shan Y, Liu B, Zhou Y, Lü X. Exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria: Structures, physiochemical functions and applications in the food industry. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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128
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Kim SG, Becattini S, Moody TU, Shliaha PV, Littmann ER, Seok R, Gjonbalaj M, Eaton V, Fontana E, Amoretti L, Wright R, Caballero S, Wang ZMX, Jung HJ, Morjaria SM, Leiner IM, Qin W, Ramos RJJF, Cross JR, Narushima S, Honda K, Peled JU, Hendrickson RC, Taur Y, van den Brink MRM, Pamer EG. Microbiota-derived lantibiotic restores resistance against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. Nature 2019; 572:665-669. [PMID: 31435014 PMCID: PMC6717508 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal commensal bacteria can inhibit dense colonization of the gut by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections1,2. A four-strained consortium of commensal bacteria that contains Blautia producta BPSCSK can reverse antibiotic-induced susceptibility to VRE infection3. Here we show that BPSCSK reduces growth of VRE by secreting a lantibiotic that is similar to the nisin-A produced by Lactococcus lactis. Although the growth of VRE is inhibited by BPSCSK and L. lactis in vitro, only BPSCSK colonizes the colon and reduces VRE density in vivo. In comparison to nisin-A, the BPSCSK lantibiotic has reduced activity against intestinal commensal bacteria. In patients at high risk of VRE infection, high abundance of the lantibiotic gene is associated with reduced density of E. faecium. In germ-free mice transplanted with patient-derived faeces, resistance to VRE colonization correlates with abundance of the lantibiotic gene. Lantibiotic-producing commensal strains of the gastrointestinal tract reduce colonization by VRE and represent potential probiotic agents to re-establish resistance to VRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohn G Kim
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simone Becattini
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas U Moody
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pavel V Shliaha
- Microchemistry and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric R Littmann
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Seok
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mergim Gjonbalaj
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vincent Eaton
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Fontana
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luigi Amoretti
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roberta Wright
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia Caballero
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhong-Min X Wang
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hea-Jin Jung
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sejal M Morjaria
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ingrid M Leiner
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Weige Qin
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruben J J F Ramos
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Justin R Cross
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seiko Narushima
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenya Honda
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- JSR-Keio University Medical and Chemical Innovation Center, Tokyo, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jonathan U Peled
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald C Hendrickson
- Microchemistry and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Taur
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcel R M van den Brink
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric G Pamer
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Lucille Castori Center for Microbes, Inflammation and Cancer, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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129
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Structural basis for broad substrate specificity of UDP-glucose 4-epimerase in the human milk oligosaccharide catabolic pathway of Bifidobacterium longum. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11081. [PMID: 31366978 PMCID: PMC6668579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant gut-associated bifidobacteria has a metabolic pathway that specifically utilizes lacto-N-biose I (Gal-β1,3-GlcNAc) and galacto-N-biose (Gal-β1,3-GalNAc) from human milk and mucin glycans. UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (GalE) from Bifidobacterium longum (bGalE) catalyzes epimerization reactions of UDP-Gal into UDP-Glc and UDP-GalNAc into UDP-GlcNAc with the same level of activity that is required to send galacto-hexoses into glycolysis. Here, we determined the crystal structures of bGalE in three ternary complex forms: NAD+/UDP, NAD+/UDP-GlcNAc, and NAD+/UDP-Glc. The broad specificity of bGalE was explained by structural features of the binding pocket for the N-acetyl or C2 hydroxy group of the substrate. Asn200 is located in a pocket of the C2 group, and its side chain adopts different conformations in the complex structures with UDP-Glc and UDP-GlcNAc. On the other side, Cys299 forms a large pocket for the C5 sugar ring atom. The flexible C2 pocket and the large C5 pocket of bGalE are suitable for accommodating both the hydroxy and N-acetyl groups of the substrate during sugar ring rotation in the catalytic cycle. The substrate specificity and active site structure of bGalE were distinct from those of Esherichia coli GalE but similar to those of human GalE.
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130
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Emerging prebiotics obtained from lemon and sugar beet byproducts: Evaluation of their in vitro fermentability by probiotic bacteria. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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131
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Elsayed EA, Danial EN, Wadaan MA, El-Enshasy HA. Production of β-galactosidase in shake-flask and stirred tank bioreactor cultivations by a newly isolated Bacillus licheniformis strain. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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132
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Li Y, Hao Y, Gao B, Geng P, Huang H, Yu L, Choe U, Liu J, Sun J, Chen P, Wang TT, Yu L(L. Chemical profile and in vitro gut microbiota modulatory, anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging properties of chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Fubaiju. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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133
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Engevik MA, Luk B, Chang-Graham AL, Hall A, Herrmann B, Ruan W, Endres BT, Shi Z, Garey KW, Hyser JM, Versalovic J. Bifidobacterium dentium Fortifies the Intestinal Mucus Layer via Autophagy and Calcium Signaling Pathways. mBio 2019; 10:e01087-19. [PMID: 31213556 PMCID: PMC6581858 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01087-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Much remains unknown about how the intestinal microbiome interfaces with the protective intestinal mucus layer. Bifidobacterium species colonize the intestinal mucus layer and can modulate mucus production by goblet cells. However, select Bifidobacterium strains can also degrade protective glycans on mucin proteins. We hypothesized that the human-derived species Bifidobacterium dentium would increase intestinal mucus synthesis and expulsion, without extensive degradation of mucin glycans. In silico data revealed that B. dentium lacked the enzymes necessary to extensively degrade mucin glycans. This finding was confirmed by demonstrating that B. dentium could not use naive mucin glycans as primary carbon sources in vitro To examine B. dentium mucus modulation in vivo, Swiss Webster germfree mice were monoassociated with live or heat-killed B. dentium Live B. dentium-monoassociated mice exhibited increased colonic expression of goblet cell markers Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4), Trefoil factor 3 (Tff3), Relm-β, Muc2, and several glycosyltransferases compared to both heat-killed B. dentium and germfree counterparts. Likewise, live B. dentium-monoassociated colon had increased acidic mucin-filled goblet cells, as denoted by Periodic Acid-Schiff-Alcian Blue (PAS-AB) staining and MUC2 immunostaining. In vitro, B. dentium-secreted products, including acetate, were able to increase MUC2 levels in T84 cells. We also identified that B. dentium-secreted products, such as γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), stimulated autophagy-mediated calcium signaling and MUC2 release. This work illustrates that B. dentium is capable of enhancing the intestinal mucus layer and goblet cell function via upregulation of gene expression and autophagy signaling pathways, with a net increase in mucin production.IMPORTANCE Microbe-host interactions in the intestine occur along the mucus-covered epithelium. In the gastrointestinal tract, mucus is composed of glycan-covered proteins, or mucins, which are secreted by goblet cells to form a protective gel-like structure above the epithelium. Low levels of mucin or alterations in mucin glycans are associated with inflammation and colitis in mice and humans. Although current literature links microbes to the modulation of goblet cells and mucins, the molecular pathways involved are not yet fully understood. Using a combination of gnotobiotic mice and mucus-secreting cell lines, we have identified a human-derived microbe, Bifidobacterium dentium, which adheres to intestinal mucus and secretes metabolites that upregulate the major mucin MUC2 and modulate goblet cell function. Unlike other Bifidobacterium species, B. dentium does not extensively degrade mucin glycans and cannot grow on mucin alone. This work points to the potential of using B. dentium and similar mucin-friendly microbes as therapeutic agents for intestinal disorders with disruptions in the mucus barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Engevik
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Berkley Luk
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandra L Chang-Graham
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anne Hall
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Beatrice Herrmann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wenly Ruan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bradley T Endres
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Shi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin W Garey
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph M Hyser
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James Versalovic
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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134
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Mahooti M, Abdolalipour E, Salehzadeh A, Mohebbi SR, Gorji A, Ghaemi A. Immunomodulatory and prophylactic effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic strain on influenza infection in mice. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:91. [PMID: 31161259 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The limited efficacy of available influenza vaccines against rapidly emerging new viral strains stresses the need for the development of new antigen-independent prophylactic treatment for enhancing immunity against influenza infection. Recent studies suggest that probiotics possess immunomodulatory properties and can reduce the severity of respiratory infections. Here, we investigated the potential of prophylactic Bifidobacterium bifidum in improving anti-influenza immune responses in an experimental lethal mouse-adapted influenza A (H1N1) infection in a BALB/c mouse model. One week after viral challenge, splenocyte proliferation assay (MTT), IFN-gamma, IL-12, and IL-4 in spleen and IL-6 in the lung homogenates were conducted using ELISA assays. Sera samples were collected to measure IgG1 and IgG2a levels. Furthermore, the mice challenged with lethal influenza virus were assessed for survival rate. The findings demonstrated a strong induction of both humoral and cellular immunities, as well as decreased level of IL-6 production in the lung and an increase in survival rate in the mice receiving Bifidobacterium than those of the control group were observed. Taken together, the results indicate a robust potential for Bifidobacterium to modulate humoral and cellular immune responses and induce balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses against influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Mahooti
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Elahe Abdolalipour
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Salehzadeh
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mohebbi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 27a, 48149, Munster, Germany.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O.Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran.
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135
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Gu M, Zhang Z, Pan C, Goulette TR, Zhang R, Hendricks G, McClements DJ, Xiao H. Encapsulation of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum G7 in gastroprotective microgels: Improvement of the bacterial viability under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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136
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Abstract
Discoveries made in the past 5 years indicate that the composition of the intestinal microbiota has a major influence on the effectiveness of anticancer immunosurveillance and thereby contributes to the therapeutic activity of immune-checkpoint inhibitors that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte protein 4 (CTLA-4) or the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis, as well as the activity of immunogenic chemotherapies. Herein, we highlight some of the bacteria, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium spp. and Faecalibacterium spp., that have been associated with favourable anticancer immune responses in both preclinical tumour models and patients with cancer. Importantly, these bacteria also seem to have a positive influence on general health, thus reducing the incidence of metabolic disorders and a wide range of chronic inflammatory pathologies. We surmise that a diverse and propitious microbial ecosystem favours organismal homeostasis, particularly at the level of the cancer-immune dialogue.
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137
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Yang W, He T, Zhang W, Gu L, Tu R, Liu H. Effectiveness and safety of lactobacilli in children with functional constipation: Study protocol for a meta-analysis and systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15675. [PMID: 31096503 PMCID: PMC6531150 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constipation is one of the most common diseases in children and it is also a significant healthcare burden, more than many other common childhood diseases. For some children, 1st-line treatment cannot relieve their constipation and their constipation symptoms maybe continue to adolescence. So, alternative treatment options such as lactobacilli are needed. However, the effectiveness and safety of lactobacilli is still unclear. To investigate this question, we conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS The protocol followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Three main databases (PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) will be searched to December 20, 2018 for randomized controlled trials investigating the effects and safety of lactobacilli for constipation in children with no language restrictions. In addition, a manual search of the references of relevant published studies will also be considered.Two independent reviewers will conduct studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The primary outcome is defecation frequency, treatment success (bowl movement >3 times per week). The 2nd outcome is stool consistency, incidence of abdominal pain, patients using laxatives, and adverse events. RESULTS The results will provide useful information about the effect and safety of lactobacilli for constipation in children. CONCLUSION The findings of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019125913.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang, Chengdu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Tao He
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijian Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang, Chengdu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang, Chengdu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Renyuan Tu
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanmin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang, Chengdu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan
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138
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Gaucher F, Bonnassie S, Rabah H, Marchand P, Blanc P, Jeantet R, Jan G. Review: Adaptation of Beneficial Propionibacteria, Lactobacilli, and Bifidobacteria Improves Tolerance Toward Technological and Digestive Stresses. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:841. [PMID: 31068918 PMCID: PMC6491719 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review deals with beneficial bacteria, with a focus on lactobacilli, propionibacteria, and bifidobacteria. As being recognized as beneficial bacteria, they are consumed as probiotics in various food products. Some may also be used as starters in food fermentation. In either case, these bacteria may be exposed to various environmental stresses during industrial production steps, including drying and storage, and during the digestion process. In accordance with their adaptation to harsh environmental conditions, they possess adaptation mechanisms, which can be induced by pretreatments. Adaptive mechanisms include accumulation of compatible solutes and of energy storage compounds, which can be largely modulated by the culture conditions. They also include the regulation of energy production pathways, as well as the modulation of the cell envelop, i.e., membrane, cell wall, surface layers, and exopolysaccharides. They finally lead to the overexpression of molecular chaperones and of stress-responsive proteases. Triggering these adaptive mechanisms can improve the resistance of beneficial bacteria toward technological and digestive stresses. This opens new perspectives for the improvement of industrial processes efficiency with regard to the survival of beneficial bacteria. However, this bibliographical survey evidenced that adaptive responses are strain-dependent, so that growth and adaptation should be optimized case-by-case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Gaucher
- STLO, Agrocampus Ouest, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France
- Bioprox, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - Sylvie Bonnassie
- STLO, Agrocampus Ouest, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France
- Science de la Vie et de la Terre, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Houem Rabah
- STLO, Agrocampus Ouest, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France
- Pôle Agronomique Ouest, Bba, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Romain Jeantet
- STLO, Agrocampus Ouest, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France
| | - Gwénaël Jan
- STLO, Agrocampus Ouest, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France
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139
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Quigley EMM. Prebiotics and Probiotics in Digestive Health. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:333-344. [PMID: 30267869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As the importance of the gut microbiota in health and disease is increasingly recognized interest in interventions that can modulate the microbiota and its interactions with its host has soared. Apart from diet, prebiotics and probiotics represent the most commonly used substances taken in an effort to sustain a healthy microbiome or restore balance when it is believed bacterial homeostasis has been disturbed in disease. While a considerable volume of basic science attests to the ability of various prebiotic molecules and probiotic strains to beneficially influence host immune responses, metabolic processes and neuro-endocrine pathways, the evidence base from human studies leaves much to be desired. This translational gap owes much to the manner in which this sector is regulated but also speaks to the challenges that confront the investigator who seeks to explore microbiota modulation in either healthy populations or those who suffer from common digestive ailments. For many products marketed as probiotics, some of the most fundamental issues relating to quality control, such as characterization, formulation, viability safety are scarcely addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn M M Quigley
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lynda K. and David M. Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas.
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140
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Murina F, Vicariotto F. Evaluation of an Orally Administered Multistrain Probiotic Supplement in Reducing Recurrences Rate of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Clinical and Microbiological Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/aid.2019.93011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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141
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Lu Q, Lai J, Lu H, Ng C, Huang T, Zhang H, Ding K, Wang Z, Jiang J, Hu J, Lu J, Lu S, Mou T, Wang D, Du Y, Xi C, Lyu H, Chen J, Xu Y, Liu Z, Hu S. Gut Microbiota in Bipolar Depression and Its Relationship to Brain Function: An Advanced Exploration. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:784. [PMID: 31736803 PMCID: PMC6828946 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of bipolar disorder is unclear. Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in mental disorders. This study aimed to find out changes in the gut microbiota in bipolar depression (BD) subjects following treatment with quetiapine and evaluate their correlations with the brain and immune function. Totally 36 subjects with BD and 27 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The severity of depression was evaluated with the Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale (MADRS). At baseline, fecal samples were collected and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). T lymphocyte subsets were measured to examine immune function. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to assess brain function. All BD subjects received quetiapine treatment (300 mg/d) for four weeks, following which the fecal microbiota and immune profiles were reexamined. Here, we first put forward the new concept of brain-gut coefficient of balance (B-GCB), which referred to the ratio of [oxygenated hemoglobin]/(Bifidobacteria to Enterobacteriaceae ratio), to analyze the linkage between the gut microbiota and brain function. At baseline, the CD3+ T cell proportion was positively correlated with log10 Enterobacter spp count, whereas the correlativity between the other bacteria and immune profiles were negative. Log10 B-GCB was positively correlated with CD3+ T cell proportion. In subjects with BD, counts of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides-Prevotella group, Atopobium Cluster, Enterobacter spp, and Clostridium Cluster IV were higher, whereas the log10 (B/E) were lower than HCs (B/E refers to Bifidobacteria to Enterobacteriaceae ratio and represents microbial colonization resistance). After treatment, MADRS scores were reduced, whereas the levels of Eubacterium rectale, Bifidobacteria, and B/E increased. The composition of the gut microbiota and its relationship to brain function were altered in BD subjects. Quetiapine treatment was effective for depression and influenced the composition of gut microbiota in patients. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier ChiCTR-COC-17011401, URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chee Ng
- The Melbourne Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijing Ding
- Department of Children and Adolescents' Psychology, Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaojia Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Mou
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Du
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caixi Xi
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hailong Lyu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingkai Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuhua Liu
- Center of Mental Health, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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142
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Effects of bifidobacteria-produced exopolysaccharides on human gut microbiota in vitro. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:1693-1702. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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143
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Craft KM, Thomas HC, Townsend SD. Interrogation of Human Milk Oligosaccharide Fucosylation Patterns for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Trends in Group B Streptococcus. ACS Infect Dis 2018; 4:1755-1765. [PMID: 30350565 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For newborns, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) serve as an important source of protection against bacterial pathogens. HMOs prevent infection by functioning as decoy receptors that bind pathogens to inhibit cellular adhesion. HMOs also play a protective role by acting as prebiotics that selectively promote the growth of symbiotic gut bacteria over pathogens. Fucosylated HMOs in particular are well-known for their roles as both decoy receptors and prebiotics. Recently, we discovered that HMOs possess antimicrobial activity against Group B Streptococcus (GBS) by increasing cellular permeability. HMO extracts from a single donor can contain over 100 different structures; however, studies using heterogeneous HMO mixtures do not provide insight into the specific structural requirements needed to achieve antimicrobial activity. In this study, we address this void by completing a structure activity study on the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of six neutral, fucosylated and five neutral, nonfucosylated HMOs against GBS. We determined that while the presence of fucose alone does not correlate to antimicrobial activity, the location and degree of fucosylation does play a key role in the antimicrobial activity of HMOs. Moreover, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of single HMOs were found to be strain-specific. This further supports our vision of developing narrow-spectrum antibacterial agents against GBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Craft
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Harrison C. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Steven D. Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 7330 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, 896 Preston Research Building, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University, Medical Center North A-5302, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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144
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Ma ZF, Yusof N, Hamid N, Lawenko RM, Mohammad WMZW, Liong MT, Sugahara H, Odamaki T, Xiao J, Lee YY. Bifidobacterium infantis M-63 improves mental health in victims with irritable bowel syndrome developed after a major flood disaster. Benef Microbes 2018; 10:111-120. [PMID: 30525951 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Individuals in a community who developed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after major floods have significant mental health impairment. We aimed to determine if Bifidobacterium infantis M-63 was effective in improving symptoms, psychology and quality of life measures in flood-affected individuals with IBS and if the improvement was mediated by gut microbiota changes. Design was non-randomised, open-label, controlled before-and-after. Of 53 participants, 20 with IBS were given B. infantis M-63 (1×109 cfu/sachet/day) for three months and 33 were controls. IBS symptom severity scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale, SF-36 Questionnaire, hydrogen breath testing for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and stools for 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis were performed before and after intervention. 11 of 20 who were given probiotics (M-63) and 20 of 33 controls completed study as per-protocol. Mental well-being was improved with M-63 vs controls for full analysis (P=0.03) and per-protocol (P=0.01) populations. Within-group differences were observed for anxiety and bodily pain (both P=0.04) in the M-63 per-protocol population. Lower ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was observed with M-63 vs controls (P=0.01) and the lower ratio was correlated with higher post-intervention mental score (P=0.04). B. infantis M-63 is probably effective in improving mental health of victims who developed IBS after floods and this is maybe due to restoration of microbial balance and the gut-brain axis. However, our conclusion must be interpreted within the context of limited sample size. The study was retrospectively registered on 12 October 2017 and the Trial Registration Number (TRN) was NCT03318614.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z F Ma
- 1 School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.,2 Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China P.R
| | - N Yusof
- 1 School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - N Hamid
- 1 School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - R M Lawenko
- 3 De La Salle Health Sciences Institute, Dasmarinas, Cavite 4114, Philippines
| | - W M Z Wan Mohammad
- 1 School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - M T Liong
- 4 School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - H Sugahara
- 5 Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo 252-8583, Japan
| | - T Odamaki
- 5 Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo 252-8583, Japan
| | - J Xiao
- 5 Next Generation Science Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo 252-8583, Japan
| | - Y Y Lee
- 1 School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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145
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Lin Y, Ren Y, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Zhou F, Zhao Q, Xu G, Hua Z. Protective role of nano-selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum in delaying the onset of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:181156. [PMID: 30662733 PMCID: PMC6304152 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) could accumulate Selenium (Se) and nano-Se in the form of Se-B. longum and Nano-Se-B. longum, respectively. In this study, the effect of Nano-Se-B. longum in diabetic mice was evaluated. Physiological and metabolic parameters such as blood glucose, body weight, serum insulin level, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), food intake, water consumption and urine output were evaluated. The expression of insulin signalling pathway-related proteins was evaluated by western blotting. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) was used for histological examination of the liver, pancreas and kidney sections. Creatinine levels in serum (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Nano-Se-B. longum was the best in terms of delaying the onset of diabetes. Nano-Se-B. longum decreased blood glucose and body weight compared with those noted for the model group. IPGTT, food intake, water consumption and urine output significantly increased and serum insulin levels significantly decreased in the model group compared with those in all the Nano-Se-B. longum-treated mice. Histological results showed that the Nano-Se-B. longum-treated mice were better than the model group mice in terms of pathological changes. The expression of insulin signalling pathway-related proteins was upregulated in the Nano-Se-B. longum-treated groups. A significant increase in SCr and BUN levels was noted in the model group. This study for the first time reported the dose-dependent preventive effect of Nano-Se-B. longum on the onset of diabetes and renal damage. The mechanism may be related to changes in insulin signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhe Ren
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Nanjing Industrial Innovation Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing Genrecom Laboratories, Ltd., Nanjing 210031, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Target Pharma Laboratories Inc., Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Genxing Xu
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Nanjing Industrial Innovation Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing Genrecom Laboratories, Ltd., Nanjing 210031, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Target Pharma Laboratories Inc., Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zichun Hua
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Target Pharma Laboratories Inc., Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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146
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Li J, Zhang X, Cao L, Ji J, Gao J. Three Inulin-Type Fructans from Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Roots and Their Prebiotic Activity on Bifidobacterium longum. Molecules 2018; 23:E3123. [PMID: 30501018 PMCID: PMC6320984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Codonopsis, derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf., Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. Var. modesta (Nannf.) L.T. Shen and Codonopsis tangshen Oliv., has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for improving poor gastrointestinal function, treating gastric ulcers and chronic gastritis in China. Inulin-type fructans are carbohydrates consisting mainly of β (2→1) fructosyl-fructose links in chemical structure and exhibit a range of properties such as prebiotic activity, fat substitutes in low-calorie foods and disease-modifying effects. The prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans are hypothesized to improve gastrointestinal function through alterations to gut microbiota composition and metabolism. In the present study, three inulin-type fructans with high degree of polymerization (DP = 16, 22, and 31) were isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. and their structures were confirmed by MALDI-TOF-MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR. The prebiotic activity of these fructans was evaluated by detecting growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum. The results demonstrated that three fructans at a concentration of 2.0 g/L exhibited significant growth stimulation on Bifidobacterium longum in a time-dependent manner (p < 0.01). The data indicated that inulin-type fructans in Radix Codonopsis could be used as potential prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
- The Engineering Technology Research Center of Authentic Herbal Material Resources Development of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Lingya Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Jiaojiao Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
- The Engineering Technology Research Center of Authentic Herbal Material Resources Development of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Jianping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
- The Engineering Technology Research Center of Authentic Herbal Material Resources Development of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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147
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Thinbanmai T, Lulitanond V, Mayo B, Lulitanond A, Panya M. Cloning and expression of enterovirus 71 capsid protein 1 in a probiotic Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 68:9-16. [PMID: 30357884 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated cloning and expression of enterovirus 71 viral capsid protein 1 (EV71-VP1) in Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (B. pseudocatenulatum) M115. To achieve this, a codon-optimized gene coding for EV71-VP1 was analysed, designed, synthesized and cloned into a plasmid vector flanked by a transcriptional promoter and terminator sequences. The promoter was based on that of P919, a constitutive promoter of the gene encoding the large ribosomal protein of B. bifidum BGN4, while the terminator was based on that of the peptidase N gene of Lactococcus lactis. The construct was amplified in Escherichia coli XL1-blue and then transferred into B. pseudocatenulatum M115 by electrotransformation. Western blot analysis revealed that the EV71-VP1 was intracellularly expressed in B. pseudocatenulatum M115 under the control of the selected heterologous promoter. In addition, plasmid stability analysis showed the construct was maintained stably for more than 160 generations, enough for most future applications. The results derived from this study open the possibility to utilize the bacterium carrying a specific expression plasmid as cell factory for the production of proteins with high commercial and health-promoting value. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrated the first successful expression of a codon-optimized gene coding for enterovirus 71 viral capsid protein 1 (EV71-VP1) in Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum M115, a novel probiotic strain isolated from human intestines. The EV71-VP1 was constitutively expressed under the control of P919 promoter derived from B. bifidum BGN4 in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells supporting the use of heterologous promoter and terminator sequences for viral gene expression in Bifidobacterium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Thinbanmai
- Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - V Lulitanond
- Department of Microbiology and Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - B Mayo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - A Lulitanond
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - M Panya
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
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148
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Lin C, Culver J, Weston B, Underhill E, Gorky J, Dhurjati P. GutLogo: Agent-based modeling framework to investigate spatial and temporal dynamics in the gut microbiome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207072. [PMID: 30412640 PMCID: PMC6226173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the gut microbiome is essential to understanding the state of human health, as over a hundred diseases have been correlated with changes in microbial populations. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of the microbiome and the limitations of in vivo and in vitro experiments, studying spatial and temporal dynamics of gut bacteria in a biological setting is extremely challenging. Thus, in silico experiments present an excellent alternative for studying such systems. In consideration of these issues, we have developed a user-friendly agent-based model, GutLogo, that captures the spatial and temporal development of four representative bacterial genera populations in the ileum. We demonstrate the utility of this model by simulating population responses to perturbations in flow rate, nutrition, and probiotics. While our model predicts distinct changes in population levels due to these perturbations, most of the simulations suggest that the gut populations will return to their original steady states once the disturbance is removed. We hope that, in the future, the GutLogo model is utilized and customized by interested parties, as GutLogo can serve as a basic modeling framework for simulating a variety of physiological scenarios and can be extended to capture additional complexities of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Lin
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Joshua Culver
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Bronson Weston
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Evan Underhill
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Gorky
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Prasad Dhurjati
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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149
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Pham HTT, Boger MCL, Dijkhuizen L, van Leeuwen SS. Stimulatory effects of novel glucosylated lactose derivatives GL34 on growth of selected gut bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:707-718. [PMID: 30406451 PMCID: PMC6373440 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previously we structurally characterized five glucosylated lactose derivatives (F1-F5) with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 3-4 (GL34), products of Lactobacillus reuteri glucansucrases, with lactose and sucrose as substrates. Here, we show that these GL34 compounds are largely resistant to the hydrolytic activities of common carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. Also, the ability of single strains of gut bacteria, bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, and commensal bacteria, to ferment the GL34 compounds was studied. Bifidobacteria clearly grew better on the GL34 mixture than lactobacilli and commensal bacteria. Lactobacilli and the commensal bacteria Escherichia coli Nissle and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron only degraded the F2 compound α-D-Glcp-(1 → 2)-[β-D-Galp-(1 → 4)-]D-Glcp, constituting around 30% w/w of GL34. Bifidobacteria digested more than one compound from the GL34 mixture, varying with the specific strain tested. Bifidobacterium adolescentis was most effective, completely degrading four of the five GL34 compounds, leaving only one minor constituent. GL34 thus represents a novel oligosaccharide mixture with (potential) synbiotic properties towards B. adolescentis, synthesized from cheap and abundantly available lactose and sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien T T Pham
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Markus C L Boger
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,CarbExplore Research B.V, Zernikepark 12, 9747 AN, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sander S van Leeuwen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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150
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Sharma S, Tripathi P. Gut microbiome and type 2 diabetes: where we are and where to go? J Nutr Biochem 2018; 63:101-108. [PMID: 30366260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by an imbalance in blood glucose level, altered lipid profile and high blood pressure. Genetic constituents, high-fat and high-energy dietary habits, and a sedentary lifestyle are three major factors that contribute to high risk of T2D. Several studies have reported gut microbiome dysbiosis as a factor in rapid progression of insulin resistance in T2D that accounts for about 90% of all diabetes cases worldwide. The gut microbiome dysbiosis may reshape intestinal barrier functions and host metabolic and signaling pathways, which are directly or indirectly related to the insulin resistance in T2D. Thousands of the metabolites derived from microbes interact with the epithelial, hepatic and cardiac cell receptors that modulate host physiology. Xenobiotics including dietary components, antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs strongly affect the gut microbial composition and can promote dysbiosis. Any change in the gut microbiota can shift the host metabolism towards increased energy harvest during diabetes and obesity. However, the exact mechanisms behind the dynamics of gut microbes and their impact on host metabolism at the molecular level are yet to be deciphered. We reviewed the published literature for better understanding of the dynamics of gut microbiota, factors that potentially induce gut microbiome dysbiosis and their relation to the progression of T2D. Special emphasis was also given to understand the gut microbiome induced breaching of intestinal barriers and/or tight junctions and their relation to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Sharma
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Prabhanshu Tripathi
- Centre for Human Microbial Ecology, Translational Health Science, and Technological Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.
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