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Borges TJ, Murshid A, Theriault J, Calderwood SK. Molecular Chaperone Receptors: An Update. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2693:193-208. [PMID: 37540436 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3342-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular heat shock proteins (HSP) play important roles in cell signaling and immunity. Many of these effects are mediated by surface receptors expressed on a wide range of cell types, including immune cells. We have investigated the nature of such proteins by cloning candidate receptors into cells (CHO-K1) with the rare property of being null for HSP binding. Using this approach, we have discovered that mammalian and eukaryotic Hsp70 binds avidly to at least three classes of receptor including: (1) c-type lectin receptors (CLR), (2) scavenger receptors (SR) and (3) lectins. However, the structural nature of the receptor-ligand interactions is not currently clear. Hsp70 can bind to LOX-1 (a member of both the CLR and SR), with the c-type lectin binding domain (CTLD), to the SR family members SREC-I and FEEL-1/CLEVER-1/STABILIN-1, which by contrast have arrays of EGF-like repeats in their extracellular domains as well. In this chapter, we will discuss: (1) methods for the discovery of HSP receptors, (2) approaches to the study of individual receptors in cells that contain multiple such receptors and (3) methods for investigating HSP receptor function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago J Borges
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayesha Murshid
- Molecular and Cellular Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jimmy Theriault
- Molecular and Cellular Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stuart K Calderwood
- Molecular and Cellular Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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102
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Infection and Immunity. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818006-8.00007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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103
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Soo TCC, Bhassu S. Signature selection forces and evolutionary divergence of immune-survival genes compared between two important shrimp species. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280250. [PMID: 36634148 PMCID: PMC9836293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, shrimp aquaculture industry had grown significantly to become the major source of global shrimp production. Despite that, shrimp aquaculture production was impeded by various shrimp diseases over the past decades. Interestingly, different shrimp species demonstrated variable levels of immune strength and survival (immune-survival) ability towards different diseases, especially the much stronger immune-survival ability shown by the ancient shrimp species, Macrobrachium rosenbergii compared to other shrimp species. In this study, two important shrimp species, M. rosenbergii and Penaeus monodon (disease tolerant strain) (uninfected control and VpAHPND-infected) were compared to uncover the potential underlying genetic factors. The shrimp species were sampled, followed by RNA extraction and cDNA conversion. Five important immune-survival genes (C-type Lectin, HMGB, STAT, ALF3, and ATPase 8/6) were selected for PCR, sequencing, and subsequent genetics analysis. The overall genetic analyses conducted, including Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) and population differentiation, showed significant genetic differentiation (p<0.05) between different genes of M. rosenbergii and P. monodon. There was greater genetic divergence identified between HMGB subgroups of P. monodon (uninfected control and VpAHPND-infected) compared to other genes. Besides that, based on neutrality tests conducted, purifying selection was determined to be the main evolutionary driving force of M. rosenbergii and P. monodon with stronger purifying selection exhibited in M. rosenbergii genes. Potential balancing selection was identified for VpAHPND-infected HMGB subgroup whereas directional selection was detected for HMGB (both species) and ATPase 8/6 (only P. monodon) genes. The divergence times between M. rosenbergii and P. monodon genes were estimated through Bayesian molecular clock analysis, which were 438.6 mya (C-type Lectin), 1885.4 mya (HMGB), 432.6 mya (STAT), 448.1 mya (ALF3), and 426.4 mya (ATPase 8/6) respectively. In conclusion, important selection forces and evolutionary divergence information of immune-survival genes between M. rosenbergii and P. monodon were successfully identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze Chiew Christie Soo
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Animal Genetics and Genome Evolutionary Laboratory (AGAGEL), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Animal Genetics and Genome Evolutionary Laboratory (AGAGEL), Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Terra Aqua Laboratory, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Research Management and Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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104
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Scur M, Parsons BD, Dey S, Makrigiannis AP. The diverse roles of C-type lectin-like receptors in immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1126043. [PMID: 36923398 PMCID: PMC10008955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1126043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the C-type lectin-like receptors (CTLRs) and their functions in immunity have continued to expand from their initial roles in pathogen recognition. There are now clear examples of CTLRs acting as scavenger receptors, sensors of cell death and cell transformation, and regulators of immune responses and homeostasis. This range of function reflects an extensive diversity in the expression and signaling activity between individual CTLR members of otherwise highly conserved families. Adding to this diversity is the constant discovery of new receptor binding capabilities and receptor-ligand interactions, distinct cellular expression profiles, and receptor structures and signaling mechanisms which have expanded the defining roles of CTLRs in immunity. The natural killer cell receptors exemplify this functional diversity with growing evidence of their activity in other immune populations and tissues. Here, we broadly review select families of CTLRs encoded in the natural killer cell gene complex (NKC) highlighting key receptors that demonstrate the complex multifunctional capabilities of these proteins. We focus on recent evidence from research on the NKRP1 family of CTLRs and their interaction with the related C-type lectin (CLEC) ligands which together exhibit essential immune functions beyond their defined activity in natural killer (NK) cells. The ever-expanding evidence for the requirement of CTLR in numerous biological processes emphasizes the need to better understand the functional potential of these receptor families in immune defense and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Scur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Brendon D Parsons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sayanti Dey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Andrew P Makrigiannis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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105
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Lan Y, Shao R, Zhang J, Liu J, Liao X, Liang S, Mai K, Ai Q, Wan M. Vitamin D 3 enhances the antibacterial ability in head-kidney macrophages of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) through C-type lectin receptors. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108491. [PMID: 36503059 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It has been known that vitamin D3 (VD3) not only plays an important role in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism in animals, but also has extensive effects on immune functions. In this study, the mechanism how VD3 influences bactericidal ability in turbot was explored. The transcriptomic analysis identified that dietary VD3 significantly upregulated the gene expression of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), including mannose receptors (mrc1, mrc2, pla2r1) and collectins (collectin 11 and collectin 12) in turbot intestine. Further results obtained from in vitro experiments confirmed that the gene expression of mannose receptors and collectins in head-kidney macrophages (HKMs) of turbot was induced after the cells were incubated with different concentrations of VD3 (0, 1, 10 nM) or 1,25(OH)2D3 (0, 10, 100 pM). Meanwhile, both phagocytosis and bactericidal functions of HKMs were significantly improved in VD3 or 1,25(OH)2D3-incubated HKMs. Furthermore, phagocytosis and bacterial killing of HKMs decreased after collectin 11 was knocked down. Moreover, VD3-enhanced antibacterial activities diminished in collectin 11-interfered cells. Interestingly, the evidence was provided in the present study that inactive VD3 could be metabolized into active 1,25(OH)2D3 via hydroxylases encoded by cyp27a1 and cyp27b1 in fish macrophages. In conclusion, VD3 could be metabolized to 1,25(OH)2D3 in HKMs, which promoted the expression of CLRs in macrophages, leading to enhanced bacterial clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Lan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinmeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shufei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Pilot National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Pilot National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Pilot National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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106
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Radhakrishnan A, Chellapandian H, Ramasamy P, Jeyachandran S. Back2Basics: animal lectins: an insight into a highly versatile recognition protein. JOURNAL OF PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2023; 14:43-59. [PMID: 36597476 PMCID: PMC9799708 DOI: 10.1007/s42485-022-00102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rapid advancement of molecular research has contributed to the discovery of 'Lectin', a carbohydrate-binding protein which specifically interacts with receptors on surface glycan moieties that regulate various critical cellular activities. The first animal lectin reported was 'the asialoglycoprotein receptor' in mammalian cells which helped analyze how animal lectins differ in glycoconjugate binding. Animal lectins are classified into several families, depending on their diverse cellular localization, and the binding specificities of their Carbohydrate-Recognition Domain (CRD) modules. Earlier characterization of animal lectins classified them into two structural families, the C-type (Ca2+-dependent binding) and S-type galectins (sulfhydryl-dependent binding) lectins. The C-type lectin includes the most significant animal lectins, such as endocytic receptors, mannose receptors, selectins, and collectins. The recent developments in research based on the complexity of the carbohydrate ligands, the metabolic processes they perform, their expression levels, and their reliance on divalent cations have identified more than 100 animal lectins and classified them into around 13 different families, such as Calnexin, F-lectin, Intelectin, Chitinase-like lectin, F-box lectin, etc. Understanding their structure and expression patterns have aided in defining their significant functions including cell adhesion, antimicrobial activity, innate immunity, disease diagnostic biomarkers, and drug delivery through specific carbohydrate-protein interactions. Such extensive potential roles of animal lectins made it equally important to plant lectins among researchers. Hence, the review focuses on providing an overview of animal lectins, their taxonomy, structural characteristics, and functions in diverse aspects interconnected to their specific carbohydrate and glycoconjugate binding. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Radhakrishnan
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620001 India
| | - Hethesh Chellapandian
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620001 India
| | - Pasiyappazham Ramasamy
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077 India
| | - Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
- PG & Research Department of Biotechnology & Microbiology, National College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620001 India
- Centre for Biotechnology & Biosignal Transduction, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077 India
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107
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Stanovova MV, Gazizova GR, Gorbushin AM. Transcriptomic profiling of immune-associated molecules in the coelomocytes of lugworm Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2023; 340:34-55. [PMID: 35438249 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Organization and functioning of immune system remain unevenly studied in different taxa of lophotrochozoan animals. We analyzed transcriptomic data on coelomocytes of the lugworm Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758; Annelida, Polychaeta) to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in polychaete immunity. Coelomocytes are specialized motile cells populating coelomic fluid of annelids, responsible for cellular defense reactions and providing humoral immune factors. The transcriptome was enriched with immune-related transcripts by challenging the cells in vitro with lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Zymosan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our analysis revealed a multifaceted and complex internal defense system of the lugworm. A. marina possesses orthologs of proto-complement-like factors: six thioester-containing proteins, a complement-like receptor, and a MASP-related serine protease (MReM2). A. marina coelomocytes employ pattern-recognition receptors to detect pathogens and regulate immune responses. Among them, there are 18 Toll-like receptors and various putative lectin-like proteins with evolutionary conserved and taxa-specific domains. C-type lectins and a novel family of Gal-binding and CUB domains containing receptors were the most abundant in the transcriptome. The array of pore-forming proteins in the coelomocytes was surprisingly reduced compared to that of other invertebrate species. We characterized a set of conserved proteins metabolizing reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and expanded the arsenal of potential antimicrobial peptides. Phenoloxidase activity in immune cells of lugworm is mediated only by laccase enzyme. The described repertoire of immune-associated molecules provides valuable candidates for further functional and comparative research on the immunity of annelids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Stanovova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Guzel R Gazizova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander M Gorbushin
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry (IEPhB RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia
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108
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Lu JB, Wang SN, Ren PP, He F, Li Q, Chen JP, Li JM, Zhang CX. RNAi-mediated silencing of an egg-specific gene Nllet1 results in hatch failure in the brown planthopper. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:415-427. [PMID: 36177946 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most destructive agricultural pests in Asia. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated pest management has been under development for years, and the selection of appropriate target genes is important for pest-targeted RNAi. C-type lectins (CTLs) are a class of genes that perform a variety of functions, such as the regulation of growth and development. RESULTS A CTL-S protein named Nllet1, containing a single calcium ion (Ca2+ )-dependent carbohydrate-binding domain (CRD) with a conserved triplet motif QPD was identified and functionally characterized in BPH. Expression profiles at both the transcriptional and translational levels show that Nllet1 accumulates during the serosal cuticle (SC) formation period. Immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling further demonstrated that Nllet1 is located in the serosal endocuticle (en-SC). Maternal RNAi-mediated silencing of Nllet1 disrupted the SC structure, accompanied by a loss of the outward barrier and 100% embryo mortality. Injection of 10 ng dsNllet1 or dsNllet1' per female adult BPH resulted in a total failure of egg hatching. CONCLUSION Nllet1 is essential for SC formation and embryonic development in BPH, which helps us understand the important roles of CTL-Ss. Additionally, BPH eggs show high sensitivity to the depletion of Nllet1. This study indicates that Nllet1 is a promising candidate gene that can be used to develop RNAi-based control strategies at the BPH egg stage, and it can also be used as a target for developing novel ovicides. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng-Peng Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fang He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Service, Technology Center of Wuhan Customs District, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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109
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Yang TZ, Zhu Q, Xue T, Cao M, Fu Q, Yang N, Li C, Huo HJ. Identification and functional characterization of CL-11 in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:527-536. [PMID: 36265742 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CL-11 (Collectin-11, also known as Collectin kidney-1 or CL-K1) is a member of collectin family that works as a pattern recognition molecule (PRM) and participating in lectin-complement pathway in host defense against pathogens. We identified the CL-11 homologue SsCL-11 in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) and investigated the functional characteristics in this study. The SsCL-11 has conserved protein modules, i.e. an N-terminal hydrophobic region, a collagen-like region, an α-helical neck region and a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). SsCL-11 has varying degrees of expressions in difference tissues, among which the highest expression is observed in liver. It also shows induced expressions in immune-related tissues following Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida) infection. In addition, SsCL-11 exhibits binding abilities to different kinds of carbohydrates, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and bacteria. It exhibits comparatively strong binding to l-fucose, d-mannose, and d-glucose, which is consistent with the functional EPN motif in its CRD. SsCL-11 also shows agglutinating effects on various bacteria in the presence of Ca2+. Furthermore, SsCL-11 is confirmed to be a secretory lectin and can form multimers. These findings collectively demonstrate that SsCL-11 can function as a recognition molecule in pathogen resistance in black rockfish, which will promote our understanding of immunological roles of fish collectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhen Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
| | - Hui Jun Huo
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
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110
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Lu X, Zhang M, Yang S, Deng Y, Jiao Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals the diverse response of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii after different PAMP stimulation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:881-890. [PMID: 36374639 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bivalves have evolved effective strategies to combat different pathogens in the environment. They rely on innate immunity to deal with the invasion of various bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses remain largely unknown. Herein, we constructed 21 transcriptomes of the hemocytes after lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) stimulation to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptations and plastic responses to different pathogen-related molecular patterns (PAMPs) in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. Transcriptome analysis revealed 1986-3427 responsive genes enriched in the major immune and cell cycle-related pathways at different times after PAMP stimulation, and the expression patterns of genes under these pathways are complex and diverse. Moreover, "lysosomes" were enriched 6 h after LPS and PGN stimulation, while "peroxisomes" were only enriched in poly(I:C) group. These results suggest different response strategies of pearl oyster to different PAMPs. Furthermore, we identified 261 pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) including 4 retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors, 38 NOD-like receptors, 83 Toll-like receptors, and 136 C-type lectins in the genome of P. f. martensii. The diverse expression patterns of these PRRs after different PAMP stimulation indicated that pearl oyster evolved complex and specific recognition systems due to tandem repeat and diverse domain combination, which may help pearl oyster cope with the different pathogens in the environment. The present study improved our understanding of the molecular response of pearl oyster to different PAMP stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Lu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Marine Ecology Early Warning and Monitoring Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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111
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Qu W, Qiao S, Liu L, Chen Y, Peng C, Hou Y, Xu Z, Lv M, Wang T. Dectin3 protects against hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating glycolysis of macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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112
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Generalov EA, Simonenko EY, Kulchenko NG, Yakovenko LV. [Molecular basis of biological activity of polysaccharides in COVID-19 associated conditions]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:403-418. [PMID: 36573407 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226806403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The review considers the main molecular biological features of the COVID-19 causative agent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus: life cycle, viral cell penetration strategies, interactions of viral proteins with human proteins, cytopathic effects. We also analyze pathological conditions that occur both during the course of the COVID-19 disease and after virus elimination. A brief review of the biological activities of polysaccharides isolated from various sources is given, and possible molecular biological mechanisms of these activities are considered. Data analysis shows that polysaccharides are a class of biological molecules with wide potential for use in the treatment of both acute conditions in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Generalov
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Medicine, Moscow University for Industry and Finance "Synergy", Moscow, Russia
| | - E Yu Simonenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N G Kulchenko
- Medical Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Yakovenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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113
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McLeish KR, Fernandes MJ. Understanding inhibitory receptor function in neutrophils through the lens of
CLEC12A. Immunol Rev 2022; 314:50-68. [PMID: 36424898 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first leukocytes recruited from the circulation in response to invading pathogens or injured cells. To eradicate pathogens and contribute to tissue repair, recruited neutrophils generate and release a host of toxic chemicals that can also damage normal cells. To avoid collateral damage leading to tissue injury and organ dysfunction, molecular mechanisms evolved that tightly control neutrophil response threshold to activating signals, the strength and location of the response, and the timing of response termination. One mechanism of response control is interruption of activating intracellular signaling pathways by the 20 inhibitory receptors expressed by neutrophils. The two inhibitory C-type lectin receptors expressed by neutrophils, CLEC12A and DCIR, exhibit both common and distinct molecular and functional mechanisms, and they are associated with different diseases. In this review, we use studies on CLEC12A as a model of inhibitory receptor regulation of neutrophil function and participation in disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to inhibitory receptor specificity offers the possibility of using physiologic control of neutrophil functions as a pharmacologic tool to control inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. McLeish
- Department of Medicine University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA
| | - Maria J. Fernandes
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Division CHU de Québec‐Laval University Research Center Québec Québec Canada
- Department of Microbiology‐Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Laval University Québec Québec Canada
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114
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Liu PP, Wei Z, Cheng ZH, Wang XW. Small immune effectors coordinate peptidoglycan-derived immunity to regulate intestinal bacteria in shrimp. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010967. [PMID: 36417479 PMCID: PMC9683584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Small antibacterial effectors, including lysozymes, lectins, and antimicrobial peptides, are key regulators of intestinal immunity. However, whether there is coordination among them during regulation is an interesting, but largely unknown, issue. In the present study, we revealed that small effectors synergistically regulate peptidoglycan-derived intestinal immunity in the kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus. A C-type lysozyme (LysC) was screened as a responsive factor for the intestine-bacteria interaction. LysC functions to restrict intestinal bacteria, mainly by cleaving Photobacterium damselae peptidoglycan to generate muropeptides which are powerful stimulators that induce anti-lipopolysaccharides factor B1 (AlfB1), an effective bactericidal peptide. The muropeptides also induce a C-type lectin (Ctl24), which recognizes peptidoglycan and coats bacteria. By counteracting LysC-mediated muropeptide release and AlfB1's bactericidal activity, Ctl24 prevents the continuous elimination of intestinal bacteria. Therefore, this study demonstrates a mechanism by which small immune effectors coordinate to achieve intestinal homeostasis, and provides new insights into peptidoglycan-derived intestinal immunity in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ping Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zi-Hua Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xian-Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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115
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Kumar N, Vyas A, Agnihotri SK, Chattopadhyay N, Sachdev M. Small secretory proteins of immune cells can modulate gynecological cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:513-531. [PMID: 35150864 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Small secretory proteins of immune cells are mostly Cytokines, which include chemokines, interleukins, interferons, lymphokines and tumor necrosis factors but not hormones or growth factors. These secretory proteins are the molecular messengers and primarily involved in autocrine, paracrine and endocrine signaling as immunomodulating agents. Hence, these proteins actually regulate the cells of immune system to communicate with one another to produce a synchronized, robust, still self-regulated response to a specific antigen. Chemokines are smaller secreted proteins that control overall immune cell movement and location; these chemokines are divided into 4 subgroups, namely, CXC, CC, CX3C and C according to the position of 4 conserved cysteine residues. Complete characterization of cytokines and chemokines can exploit their vast signaling networks to develop cancer treatments. These secretory proteins like IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNFα, CCL2, CXCL4 & CXCL8 are predominantly expressed in most of the gynecological cancers, which directly stimulate immune effector cells and stromal cells at the tumor site and augment tumor cell recognition by cytotoxic T-cells. Hence; these secretory proteins are the major regulators, which can actually modulate all kinds of gynecological cancers. Furthermore, advancements in adoptive T-cell treatment have relied on the use of multiple cytokines/chemokines to establish a highly regulated environment for anti-tumor T cell growth. A number of in vitro studies as well as animal models and clinical subjects have also shown that cytokines/chemokines have broad antitumor activity, which has been translated into a number of cancer therapy approaches. This review will focus on the foremost cytokines & chemokines involved in the majority of the gynecological malignancies and discuss their basic biology as well as clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Akanksha Vyas
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - Monika Sachdev
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
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116
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Christoforo C, Fleming B, Zeitler M, Haws H, Smith AM. Metal-binding proteins and cross-linking in the defensive glue of the slug Arion subfuscus. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220611. [PMID: 36415975 PMCID: PMC9682298 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of metals in forming the primary cross-links in slug glue was investigated. Several metal-binding proteins were identified in the defensive glue produced by the slug Arion subfuscus. Notably, the C-lectins that are unique to the glue are iron-binding proteins. This is unusual for C-lectins. Dissociating these proteins from iron does not affect the glue's stiffness. Similarly, several proteins that can bind to zinc were identified, but dissociating the proteins from zinc did not weaken the glue. These results suggest that metal coordination is not involved in the primary cross-links of this hydrogel glue. The stable cross-links that provide stiffness are more likely to be created by a catalytic event involving protein oxidation. Cross-linking was unexpectedly difficult to prevent. Collecting the glue into a large volume of ice-cold buffer with reagents aimed at inhibiting oxidative cross-linking caused a slight loss of cross-linking, as demonstrated by the appearance of uncross-linked proteins in native gel electrophoresis. Notable among these was a protein that is normally heavily oxidized (asmp165). Nevertheless, this effect was not large, suggesting that the primary cross-links form before secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth Fleming
- Department of Biology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Haley Haws
- Department of Biology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY, USA
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117
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Abstract
The term "lectin" is derived from the Latin word lego- (aggregate) (Boyd & Shapleigh, 1954). Indeed, lectins' folds can flexibly alter their pocket structures just like Lego blocks, which enables them to grab a wide-variety of substances. Thus, this useful fold is well-conserved among various organisms. Through evolution, prototypic soluble lectins acquired transmembrane regions and signaling motifs to become C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). While CLRs seem to possess certain intrinsic affinity to self, some CLRs adapted to efficiently recognize glycoconjugates present in pathogens as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and altered self. CLRs further extended their diversity to recognize non-glycosylated targets including pathogens and self-derived molecules. Thus, CLRs seem to have developed to monitor the internal/external stresses to maintain homeostasis by sensing various "unfamiliar" targets. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in our understanding of CLRs, their ligands and functions and discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Guenther
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
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118
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Bertuzzi S, Peccati F, Serna S, Artschwager R, Notova S, Thépaut M, Jiménez-Osés G, Fieschi F, Reichardt NC, Jiménez-Barbero J, Ardá A. Immobilization of Biantennary N-Glycans Leads to Branch Specific Epitope Recognition by LSECtin. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:1415-1423. [PMID: 36313162 PMCID: PMC9615123 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The molecular recognition features of LSECtin toward asymmetric N-glycans have been scrutinized by NMR and compared to those occurring in glycan microarrays. A pair of positional glycan isomers (LDN3 and LDN6), a nonelongated GlcNAc4Man3 N-glycan (G0), and the minimum binding epitope (the GlcNAcβ1-2Man disaccharide) have been used to shed light on the preferred binding modes under both experimental conditions. Strikingly, both asymmetric LDN3 and LDN6 N-glycans are recognized by LSECtin with similar affinities in solution, in sharp contrast to the results obtained when those glycans are presented on microarrays, where only LDN6 was efficiently recognized by the lectin. Thus, different results can be obtained using different experimental approaches, pointing out the tremendous difficulty of translating in vitro results to the in vivo environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bertuzzi
- Basque
Research & Technology Alliance (BRTA), Chemical Glycobiology Group, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Francesca Peccati
- Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Computational Chemistry Group, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sonia Serna
- Glycotechnology
Group, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Raik Artschwager
- Glycotechnology
Group, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Memorial
Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 417 East 68th Street, New
York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Simona Notova
- CNRS,
CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, University
of Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Thépaut
- CNRS,
CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, University
of Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Osés
- Basque Research
& Technology Alliance (BRTA), Computational Chemistry Group, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Franck Fieschi
- CNRS,
CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, University
of Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- E-mail:
| | - Niels C. Reichardt
- Glycotechnology
Group, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, Paseo Miramón 182, 20009 San Sebastian, Spain
- E-mail:
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Basque
Research & Technology Alliance (BRTA), Chemical Glycobiology Group, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, II Faculty of Science
and Technology University of the Basque Country, EHU-UPV, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- E-mail:
| | - Ana Ardá
- Basque
Research & Technology Alliance (BRTA), Chemical Glycobiology Group, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 800, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
- E-mail:
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Dai X, Sun M, Nie X, Zhao Y, Xu H, Han Z, Gao T, Huang X, Ren Q. A positive feedback loop between two C-type lectins originated from gene duplication and relish promotes the expression of antimicrobial peptides in Procambarus clarkii. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1021121. [PMID: 36353630 PMCID: PMC9638144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene duplication (GD) leads to the expansion of gene families that contributes organisms adapting to stress or environment and dealing with the infection of various pathogens. C-type lectins (CTLs) in crustaceans undergo gene expansion and participate in various immune responses. However, the functions of different CTL produced by GD are not fully characterized. In the present study, two CTL genes (designated as PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS, respectively) were identified from Procambarus clarkii. PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS originate from GD and the main difference between them is exon 3. PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS respectively contains EPS and QPS motif in their carbohydrate recognition domain. The mRNA levels of PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS in hemocytes, gills, intestine and lymph underwent time-dependent enhancement after D-Mannose and D-Galactose challenge. Recombinant PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS could bind to carbohydrates and microbes, and agglutinate bacteria. The results of experiments on recombinant protein injection and RNA interference indicate that PcLec-EPS and PcLec-QPS can respectively strong recognize and bind D-Mannose and D-Galactose, activate the Relish transcriptional factor, and further upregulate the expression of different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In addition, these two CTLs and Relish could positively regulate the expression of each other, suggesting that there is a positive feedback loop between two CTLs and Relish that regulates the expression of AMPs. It may contribute to the expansion of the immune response for host quickly and efficiently eliminating pathogenic microorganisms. This study provides new knowledge for clear understanding the significance and function of different CTL generated by GD in immune defenses in crustacean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Dai
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengling Sun
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
| | - Ximei Nie
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxiao Han
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianheng Gao
- Institute of Marine Biology, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Tianheng Gao, ; Xin Huang, ; Qian Ren,
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Tianheng Gao, ; Xin Huang, ; Qian Ren,
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Tianheng Gao, ; Xin Huang, ; Qian Ren,
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Dimerization of the C-type lectin-like receptor CD93 promotes its binding to Multimerin-2 in endothelial cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:453-464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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121
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Liu J, Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang Q. Immunological characterization and function analysis of L-type lectin from spotted knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:993777. [PMID: 36225913 PMCID: PMC9549603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lily-type lectin (LTL) plays significant roles in innate immune response against pathogen infection. LTL in animals and plants has received widespread attention. In the present study, an LTL (OppLTL) was identified from spotted knifejaw Oplegnathus punctatus. The OppLTL encoded a typical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-binding protein containing a CRD domain. The qRT-PCR showed that it was mainly expressed in the gill and was significantly upregulated after Vibrio anguillarum challenge. The agglutination analysis showed that the recombinant OppLTL could bind and agglutinate Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in a Ca2+-dependent manner. However, the binding activity was different. Meanwhile, the recombinant OppLTL could hemagglutinate mammalian and teleost erythrocytes. Subcellular localization revealed that OppLTL was mainly detected in the cytoplasm of HEK293T cells. The dual-luciferase analysis revealed that OppLTL could inhibit the activity of the NF-κB signal pathway in HEK293T cells after OppLTL overexpression. These findings collectively demonstrated that OppLTL could be involved in host innate immune response and defense against bacterial infection in spotted knifejaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- *Correspondence: Quanqi Zhang,
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122
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Li T, Liu T, Zhao Z, Pan Y, Xu X, Zhang Y, Zhan S, Zhou S, Zhu W, Guo H, Yang R. Antifungal immunity mediated by C-type lectin receptors may be a novel target in immunotherapy for urothelial bladder cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:911325. [PMID: 36131933 PMCID: PMC9483128 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.911325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies, such as immune-checkpoint blockade and adoptive T-cell therapy, offer novel treatment options with good efficacy for patients with urothelial bladder cancer. However, heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance have limited the use of immunotherapy. Further research into immune-regulatory mechanisms in bladder cancer is urgently required. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the commensal microbiota and its interactions with host immunity play pivotal roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including in cancer. The gut microbiota has been identified as a potentially effective target of treatment that can be synergized with immunotherapy. The urothelial tract is also a key site for multiple microbes, although the immune-regulatory role of the urinary microbiome in the process of carcinogenesis of bladder cancer remains to be elucidated. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the expression and biological functions of C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), which have been recognized as innate pathogen-associated receptors for fungal microbiota, in bladder cancer. In line with previous research on fungal colonization of the urothelial tract, we found that CLRs, including Dectin-1, Dectin-2, Dectin-3, and macrophage-inducible Ca2+-dependent lectin receptor (Mincle), had a significant association with immune infiltration in bladder cancer. Multiple innate and adaptive pathways are positively correlated with the upregulation of CLRs. In addition, we found a significant correlation between the expression of CLRs and a range of immune-checkpoint proteins in bladder cancer. Based on previous studies and our findings, we hypothesize that the urinary mycobiome plays a key role in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer and call for more research on CLR-mediated anti-fungal immunity against bladder cancer as a novel target for immunotherapy in urothelial bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhang Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuchen Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyan Xu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shoubin Zhan
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengkai Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Yang, ; Hongqian Guo,
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Yang, ; Hongqian Guo,
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123
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Bláha J, Skálová T, Kalousková B, Skořepa O, Cmunt D, Grobárová V, Pazicky S, Poláchová E, Abreu C, Stránský J, Kovaľ T, Dušková J, Zhao Y, Harlos K, Hašek J, Dohnálek J, Vaněk O. Structure of the human NK cell NKR-P1:LLT1 receptor:ligand complex reveals clustering in the immune synapse. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5022. [PMID: 36028489 PMCID: PMC9418145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32577-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling by the human C-type lectin-like receptor, natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory receptor NKR-P1, has a critical role in many immune-related diseases and cancer. C-type lectin-like receptors have weak affinities to their ligands; therefore, setting up a comprehensive model of NKR-P1-LLT1 interactions that considers the natural state of the receptor on the cell surface is necessary to understand its functions. Here we report the crystal structures of the NKR-P1 and NKR-P1:LLT1 complexes, which provides evidence that NKR-P1 forms homodimers in an unexpected arrangement to enable LLT1 binding in two modes, bridging two LLT1 molecules. These interaction clusters are suggestive of an inhibitory immune synapse. By observing the formation of these clusters in solution using SEC-SAXS analysis, by dSTORM super-resolution microscopy on the cell surface, and by following their role in receptor signaling with freshly isolated NK cells, we show that only the ligation of both LLT1 binding interfaces leads to effective NKR-P1 inhibitory signaling. In summary, our findings collectively support a model of NKR-P1:LLT1 clustering, which allows the interacting proteins to overcome weak ligand-receptor affinity and to trigger signal transduction upon cellular contact in the immune synapse. NKR-P1 is an inhibitory receptor on the surface of natural killer cells, and its engagement with the ligand LLT1 on activated monocytes and B cells triggers NK cell self-tolerance and other immunological processes. Here authors set up a comprehensive, structure-based model of NKR-P1-LLT1 interaction that involves NKR-P1 homodimer formation and subsequent bridging of two LLT1 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bláha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic.,EMBL, Hamburg Unit c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tereza Skálová
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Centre, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Kalousková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Applied Physics - Biophysics group, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ondřej Skořepa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Denis Cmunt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Valéria Grobárová
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Samuel Pazicky
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Drive 60, 637551, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edita Poláchová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Celeste Abreu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stránský
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Centre, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kovaľ
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Centre, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Dušková
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Centre, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 7BN, Oxford, UK
| | - Karl Harlos
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 7BN, Oxford, UK
| | - Jindřich Hašek
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Centre, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dohnálek
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Centre, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Innate Immunity Mechanisms in Marine Multicellular Organisms. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20090549. [PMID: 36135738 PMCID: PMC9505182 DOI: 10.3390/md20090549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system provides an adequate response to stress factors and pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), located on the surface of cell membranes and in the cytoplasm. Generally, the structures of PRRs are formed by several domains that are evolutionarily conserved, with a fairly high degree of homology in representatives of different species. The orthologs of TLRs, NLRs, RLRs and CLRs are widely represented, not only in marine chordates, but also in invertebrates. Study of the interactions of the most ancient marine multicellular organisms with microorganisms gives us an idea of the evolution of molecular mechanisms of protection against pathogens and reveals new functions of already known proteins in ensuring the body’s homeostasis. The review discusses innate immunity mechanisms of protection of marine invertebrate organisms against infections, using the examples of ancient multicellular hydroids, tunicates, echinoderms, and marine worms in the context of searching for analogies with vertebrate innate immunity. Due to the fact that mucous membranes first arose in marine invertebrates that have existed for several hundred million years, study of their innate immune system is both of fundamental importance in terms of understanding molecular mechanisms of host defense, and of practical application, including the search of new antimicrobial agents for subsequent use in medicine, veterinary and biotechnology.
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125
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Fang X, Lian H, Bi S, Liu S, Yuan X, Liao C. Roles of pattern recognition receptors in response to fungal keratitis. Life Sci 2022; 307:120881. [PMID: 35963303 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fungal keratitis is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, which has become an increasingly serious threat to public ocular health, but no effective treatment strategies are available now. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system are the first line of host defense against fungal infections. They could recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and trigger an array of inflammatory responses. Over the last decades, research has resulted in significant progress regarding the roles of PRRs in fungal keratitis. This review will highlight the importance of several pattern recognition receptors (C-type lectin-like receptors, Toll-like receptors, and NOD-like receptors) in regulating the innate immunity under fungal keratitis and describe the crosstalk and collaboration in PRRs contributing to disease pathology. Meanwhile, some potential therapy-based PRRs against corneal fungal infections are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fang
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Huifang Lian
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Shihao Bi
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yuan
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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126
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Huang X, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Cao X, Wang D, Yan J, Wei T, Dai X, Xu Z, Ren Q. Characterization of four spliced isoforms of a transmembrane C-type lectin from Procambarus clarkii and their function in facilitating WSSV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:1127-1138. [PMID: 35870750 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin (CTL) is an important pattern recognition receptor that play vital functions in the innate immunity. Many soluble CTLs in crustacean participate in the inhibition or promotion of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. However, whether transmembrane CTLs participate in WSSV infection in crustacean remains unknown. In the present study, four spliced isoforms of a transmembrane CTL (designated as PcTlec) from Procambarus clarkii were identified for the first time. The genome structure of PcTlec contains eight exons, six known introns, and one unknown intron. PcTlec-isoform1 is produced by intron retention, whereas PcTlec-isoform3 and PcTlec-isoform4 are produced by exon skipping. All of them contain the transmembrane domain and characteristic carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Four PcTlec isoforms were mainly expressed in the hepatopancreas, stomach, and intestine. After WSSV challenge, the expression levels of PcTlec-isoform1-4 in the intestine were upregulated. The knockdown of the region shared by four PcTlec isoforms evidently decreased the expression of WSSV envelope protein VP28 and the copies of viral particles. A recombinant protein (rPcTlec-CRD) containing the CRD that was shared by four PcTlec isoforms was acquired by procaryotic expression system. The injection of purified rPcTlec-CRD protein evidently increased the VP28 expression and WSSV copies during viral infection. Moreover, rPcTlec-CRD could directly bind to WSSV and interact with VP28 protein. These findings indicate that new-found transmembrane CTL isoforms in P. clarkii may act as viral receptors that facilitate WSSV infection. This study contributes to the recognition and understanding of the functions of transmembrane CTLs in crustacean in the infection of host by WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210017, China
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Xunyuan Cao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Tianxiang Wei
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoling Dai
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210017, China.
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, China.
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127
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Wu PP, Shu RH, Gao XX, Li MM, Zhang JH, Zhang H, Qin QL, Zou Z, Meng Q. Immulectin-2 from the ghost moth, Thitarodes xiaojinensis (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae), modulates cellular and humoral responses against fungal infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 133:104429. [PMID: 35489421 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
C type-lectins constitute a large family of pattern recognition receptors, playing important roles in insect immune defenses. Thitarodes xiaojinensis larvae showed distinct immune features after Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps militaris, or Beauveria bassiana infection. Based on transcriptome and immunoblot analysis, we found that immulectin-2 (IML2) was induced after T. xiaojinensis larvae were infected by C. militaris or B. bassiana but maintained at a low level after larvae injected with O. sinensis or Ringer's buffer. Recombinant IML2 (rIML2) could promote melanization, encapsulation, phagocytosis, and hemocyte aggregation in vitro. RNA interference with IML2 induced a significant reduction in the transcript levels of various antimicrobial peptides. Importantly, we found that the abundance of O. sinensis blastospores coated with rIML2 dramatically decreased in the host hemolymph. Overall, this study demonstrated that T. xiaojinensis IML2 modulates cellular and humoral responses to entomopathogenic fungi, broadening our view of the immune interaction between O. sinensis and its host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Hao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miao-Miao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Lian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Qian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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128
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Liu R, Qi Y, Zhai Y, Li H, An L, Yang G, Shan S. Identification and functional analysis of Mannose receptor in Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus) in response to bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:463-473. [PMID: 35781053 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mannose receptor (MR), as a member of the C-type lectin (CLEC) family, plays an important role in the internalize pathogen-associated ligands and activate immune response. In the present study, MR was identified and characterized from Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus) (namely MaMR). The open reading frame of MaMR was 4311 bp in length encoding 1437 amino acids of a ∼162.308 kDa protein, including a cysteine-rich (CR) domain, a fibronectin type II (FNII) domain, eight C-type lectin-like domains (CTLDs), a transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic domain. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that MaMR shared the highest similarity with that of Paralichthys olivaceus. The expression of MaMR was found in all the examined tissues, with the highest expression in the spleen and kidney. After injection with Edwardsiella tarda, the transcript level of MaMR was initially reduced and then significantly elevated in the liver, spleen, foregut and hindgut. In the isolated peripheral blood leukocytes, the expression of MaMR was significantly induced post stimulated with LPS and LTA. Then the MaMR-CTLD4-8 recombinant protein was purified. Bacterial agglutination and binding assay showed that rMaMR-CTLD4-8 could bind with both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and agglutinate bacteria in the presence of calcium in vitro. Further analysis revealed that MaMR and TLR2 coordinately induced the expression of TRAF6 and promoted the phosphorylation level of p65, leading to the expression of proinflammatory cytokines il-1β and tnf-α in EPC cells. Taken together, these results reveal that MaMR plays an important role in the immune response of fish to pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yaqing Zhai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hua Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Liguo An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Shijuan Shan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, No.88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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129
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Moreau T, Gautron J, Hincke MT, Monget P, Réhault-Godbert S, Guyot N. Antimicrobial Proteins and Peptides in Avian Eggshell: Structural Diversity and Potential Roles in Biomineralization. Front Immunol 2022; 13:946428. [PMID: 35967448 PMCID: PMC9363672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.946428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcitic avian eggshell provides physical protection for the embryo during its development, but also regulates water and gaseous exchange, and is a calcium source for bone mineralization. The calcified eggshell has been extensively investigated in the chicken. It is characterized by an inventory of more than 900 matrix proteins. In addition to proteins involved in shell mineralization and regulation of its microstructure, the shell also contains numerous antimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPPs) including lectin-like proteins, Bacterial Permeability Increasing/Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein/PLUNC family proteins, defensins, antiproteases, and chelators, which contribute to the innate immune protection of the egg. In parallel, some of these proteins are thought to be crucial determinants of the eggshell texture and its resulting mechanical properties. During the progressive solubilization of the inner mineralized eggshell during embryonic development (to provide calcium to the embryo), some antimicrobials may be released simultaneously to reinforce egg defense and protect the egg from contamination by external pathogens, through a weakened eggshell. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diversity of avian eggshell AMPPs, their three-dimensional structures and their mechanism of antimicrobial activity. The published chicken eggshell proteome databases are integrated for a comprehensive inventory of its AMPPs. Their biochemical features, potential dual function as antimicrobials and as regulators of eggshell biomineralization, and their phylogenetic evolution will be described and discussed with regard to their three-dimensional structural characteristics. Finally, the repertoire of chicken eggshell AMPPs are compared to orthologs identified in other avian and non-avian eggshells. This approach sheds light on the similarities and differences exhibited by AMPPs, depending on bird species, and leads to a better understanding of their sequential or dual role in biomineralization and innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Moreau
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, Nouzilly, France
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Guyot, ; Thierry Moreau,
| | - Joël Gautron
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, Nouzilly, France
| | - Maxwell T. Hincke
- Department of Innovation in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Philippe Monget
- INRAE, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, PRC, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Nicolas Guyot
- INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, Nouzilly, France
- *Correspondence: Nicolas Guyot, ; Thierry Moreau,
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130
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Chen X, Ji Y, Feng F, Liu Z, Qian L, Shen H, Lao L. C-type lectin domain-containing protein CLEC3A regulates proliferation, regeneration and maintenance of nucleus pulposus cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:435. [PMID: 35864364 PMCID: PMC11071857 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
It is widely assumed that as connective tissue, the intervertebral disc (IVD) plays a crucial role in providing flexibility for the spinal column. The disc is comprised of three distinct tissues: the nucleus pulposus (NP), ligamentous annulus fibrous (AF) that surrounds the NP, and the hyaline cartilaginous endplates (CEP). Nucleus pulposus, composed of chondrocyte-like NP cells and its secreted gelatinous matrix, is critical for disc health and function. The NP matrix underwent dehydration accompanied by increasing fibrosis with age. The degeneration of matrix is almost impossible to repair, with the consequence of matrix stiffness and senescence of NP cells and intervertebral disc, suggesting the value of glycoproteins in extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, via database excavation and biological function screening, we investigated a C-type lectin protein, CLEC3A, which could support differentiation of chondrocytes as well as maintenance of NP cells and was essential to intervertebral disc homeostasis. Furthermore, mechanistic analysis revealed that CLEC3A could stimulate PI3K-AKT pathway to accelerate cell proliferation to further play part in NP cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yucheng Ji
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zude Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lie Qian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lifeng Lao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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131
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Garantziotis S, Savani RC. Proteoglycans in Toll-like receptor responses and innate immunity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C202-C214. [PMID: 35675639 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00088.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an active and dynamic feature of tissues that not only provides gross structure but also plays key roles in cellular responses. The ever-changing microenvironment responds dynamically to cellular and external signals, and in turn influences cell fate, tissue development, and response to environmental injury or microbial invasion. It is therefore paramount to understand how the ECM components interact with each other, the environment and cells, and how they mediate their effects. Among the ECM components that have recently garnered increased attention, proteoglycans (PGs) deserve special note. Recent evidence strongly suggests that they play a crucial role both in health maintenance and disease development. In particular, proteoglycans dictate whether homeostasis or cell death will result from a given injury, by triggering and modulating activation of the innate immune system, via a conserved array of receptors that recognize exogenous (infectious) or endogenous (tissue damage) molecular patterns. Innate immune activation by proteoglycans has important implications for the understanding of cell-matrix interactions in health and disease. In this review, we will summarize the current state of knowledge of innate immune signaling by proteoglycans, discuss the implications, and explore future directions to define progress in this area of extracellular matrix biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Garantziotis
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Rashmin C Savani
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Center for Pulmonary & Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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132
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Cicaloni V, Karmakar M, Frusciante L, Pettini F, Visibelli A, Orlandini M, Galvagni F, Mongiat M, Silk M, Nardi F, Ascher D, Santucci A, Spiga O. Bioinformatics Approaches to Predict Mutation Effects in the Binding Site of the Proangiogenic Molecule CD93. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 2:891553. [PMID: 36353214 PMCID: PMC9638713 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2022.891553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane glycoprotein CD93 has been identified as a potential new target to inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Recently, Multimerin-2 (MMRN2), a pan-endothelial extracellular matrix protein, has been identified as a ligand for CD93, but the interaction mechanism between these two proteins is yet to be studied. In this article, we aim to investigate the structural and functional effects of induced mutations on the binding domain of CD93 to MMRN2. Starting from experimental data, we assessed how specific mutations in the C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD) affect the binding interaction profile. We described a four-step workflow in order to predict the effects of variations on the inter-residue interaction network at the PPI, based on evolutionary information, complex network metrics, and energetic affinity. We showed that the application of computational approaches, combined with experimental data, allowed us to gain more in-depth molecular insights into the CD93–MMRN2 interaction, offering a platform for developing innovative therapeutics able to target these molecules and block their interaction. This comprehensive molecular insight might prove useful in drug design in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malancha Karmakar
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Luisa Frusciante
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Pettini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ottavia Spiga, ; Maurizio Orlandini, ; Federico Galvagni, ; Francesco Pettini,
| | - Anna Visibelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Orlandini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ottavia Spiga, ; Maurizio Orlandini, ; Federico Galvagni, ; Francesco Pettini,
| | - Federico Galvagni
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ottavia Spiga, ; Maurizio Orlandini, ; Federico Galvagni, ; Francesco Pettini,
| | - Maurizio Mongiat
- Department of Research and Diagnosis, Division Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Michael Silk
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Federica Nardi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - David Ascher
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Systems and Computational Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Computational Biology and Clinical Informatics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ottavia Spiga
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ottavia Spiga, ; Maurizio Orlandini, ; Federico Galvagni, ; Francesco Pettini,
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Wu X, Wu Z, Ye X, Pang L, Sheng Y, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Hu R, Zhou S, Chen J, Wang Z, Shi M, Huang J, Chen X. The Dual Functions of a Bracovirus C-Type Lectin in Caterpillar Immune Response Manipulation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:877027. [PMID: 35663984 PMCID: PMC9157488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.877027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitoids are widespread in natural ecosystems and normally equipped with diverse viral factors to defeat host immune responses. On the other hand, parasitoids can enhance the antibacterial abilities and improve the hypoimmunity traits of parasitized hosts that may encounter pathogenic infections. These adaptive strategies guarantee the survival of parasitoid offspring, yet their underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we focused on Cotesia vestalis, an endoparasitoid of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella, and found that C. vestalis parasitization decreases the number of host hemocytes, leading to disruption of the encapsulation reaction. We further found that one bracovirus C-type lectin gene, CvBV_28-1, is highly expressed in the hemocytes of parasitized hosts and participates in suppressing the proliferation rate of host hemocytes, which in turn reduces their population and represses the process of encapsulation. Moreover, CvBV_28-1 presents a classical bacterial clearance ability via the agglutination response in a Ca2+-dependent manner in response to gram-positive bacteria. Our study provides insights into the innovative strategy of a parasitoid-derived viral gene that has dual functions to manipulate host immunity for a successful parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lab for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiqian Ye
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lab for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Pang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Sheng
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuenan Zhou
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Zhu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongmin Hu
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sicong Zhou
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lab for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Shi
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lab for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lab for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuexin Chen
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lab for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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134
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Barbera S, Cucini C. A glimpse into the past: phylogenesis and protein domain analysis of the group XIV of C-type lectins in vertebrates. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:420. [PMID: 35659564 PMCID: PMC9167495 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The group XIV of C-type lectin domain-containing proteins (CTLDcps) is one of the seventeen groups of CTLDcps discovered in mammals and composed by four members: CD93, Clec14A, CD248 and Thrombomodulin, which have shown to be important players in cancer and vascular biology. Although these proteins belong to the same family, their phylogenetic relationship has never been dissected. To resolve their evolution and characterize their protein domain composition we investigated CTLDcp genes in gnathostomes and cyclostomes and, by means of phylogenetic approaches as well as synteny analyses, we inferred an evolutionary scheme that attempts to unravel their evolution in modern vertebrates.
Results
Here, we evidenced the paralogy of the group XIV of CTLDcps in gnathostomes and discovered that a gene loss of CD248 and Clec14A occurred in different vertebrate groups, with CD248 being lost due to chromosome disruption in birds, while Clec14A loss in monotremes and marsupials did not involve chromosome rearrangements. Moreover, employing genome annotations of different lampreys as well as one hagfish species, we investigated the origin and evolution of modern group XIV of CTLDcps. Furthermore, we carefully retrieved and annotated gnathostome CTLDcp domains, pointed out important differences in domain composition between gnathostome classes, and assessed codon substitution rate of each domain by analyzing nonsynonymous (Ka) over synonymous (Ks) substitutions using one representative species per gnathostome order.
Conclusions
CTLDcps appeared with the advent of early vertebrates after a whole genome duplication followed by a sporadic tandem duplication. These duplication events gave rise to three CTLDcps in the ancestral vertebrate that underwent further duplications caused by the independent polyploidizations that characterized the evolution of cyclostomes and gnathostomes. Importantly, our analyses of CTLDcps in gnathostomes revealed critical inter-class differences in both extracellular and intracellular domains, which might help the interpretation of experimental results and the understanding of differences between animal models.
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135
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Lv X, Chen Y, Cai Y, Lv C, Bi X, Wang M, Hua S, Yang D, Zhao J. A single-CRD C-type lectin from Haliotis discus hannai acts as pattern recognition receptor enhancing hemocytes opsonization. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 125:17-25. [PMID: 35525410 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs), as a member of the Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate recognition protein superfamily, play multiple roles in non-self recognition and the elimination of invading pathogens. In this study, a C-type lectin was identified and characterized from the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai (designed as HdClec), and its open reading frame (ORF) encoded a polypeptide of 163 amino acids containing a typical signal peptide and only one carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD). The deduced amino acid sequence of CRD in HdClec shared identities ranging from 22.4% to 39.8% with that of other identified CRDs of CTLs. A novel NPN motif was found in Ca2+-binding site 2 of HdClec. The mRNA transcripts of HdClec were detectable in all the examined tissues of non-stimulated abalones, with the highest expression in hepatopancreas (224.13-fold of that in gills). The expression of HdClec mRNA in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated after Vibrio harveyi challenge. Recombinant HdClec protein (rHdClec) could bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) in vitro in the presence of Ca2+. Coinciding with the PAMPs binding assay, rHdClec displayed broad agglutination activities towards Gram-negative bacteria V. splendidus, V. anguillarum, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, Escherichia coli, and Gram-positive bacteria Micrococcus luteus. Moreover, rHdClec could significantly elicit the chemotactic response of hemocytes in vitro. And the phagocytosis and encapsulation ability of hemocytes could be significantly enhanced by rHdClec. All these results showed that HdClec could function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and further enhance the opsonization of hemocytes, which might play a crucial role in the innate immune responses of Pacific abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lv
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yuying Chen
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Yaxuan Cai
- Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, PR China
| | - Chengjie Lv
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Bi
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Mengmei Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Shaomeng Hua
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Dinglong Yang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China.
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, PR China
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136
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Li M, Zhang R, Li J, Li J. The Role of C-Type Lectin Receptor Signaling in the Intestinal Microbiota-Inflammation-Cancer Axis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:894445. [PMID: 35619716 PMCID: PMC9127077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.894445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a subset of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), C-type lectin-like receptors (CLRs) are mainly expressed by myeloid cells as both transmembrane and soluble forms. CLRs recognize not only pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), but also damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to promote innate immune responses and affect adaptive immune responses. Upon engagement by PAMPs or DAMPs, CLR signaling initiates various biological activities in vivo, such as cytokine secretion and immune cell recruitment. Recently, several CLRs have been implicated as contributory to the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation, which represents a prominent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). CLRs function as an interface among microbiota, intestinal epithelial barrier and immune system, so we firstly discussed the relationship between dysbiosis caused by microbiota alteration and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), then focused on the role of CLRs signaling in pathogenesis of IBD (including Mincle, Dectin-3, Dectin-1, DCIR, DC-SIGN, LOX-1 and their downstream CARD9). Given that CLRs mediate intricate inflammatory signals and inflammation plays a significant role in tumorigenesis, we finally highlight the specific effects of CLRs on CRC, especially colitis-associated cancer (CAC), hoping to open new horizons on pathogenesis and therapeutics of IBD and CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Runfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingnan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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137
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Imamichi Y, Hikosaka K, Kawai N, Koubaku N, Hosoi M, Mizuta S, Yokoyama Y. Purification, characterization and cDNA cloning of a lectin from the brittle star Ophioplocus japonicus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 262:110757. [PMID: 35644319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that possess specific sugar-binding properties and are involved in various biological activities in different organisms. In this study, purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of a brittle star lectin, designated as Ophioplocus japonicus agglutinin (OJA), were conducted. OJA was isolated from the brittle star O. japonicus by affinity chromatography on a Sephadex G-25 column, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on a Resource Q column. This lectin yielded distinct bands at approximately 176 or 17 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under non-reducing or reducing conditions, respectively. It also exhibited Ca2+-dependent hemagglutination activity, which, however, was not affected by other metal cations, such as Ba2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+. The OJA activity was strongly inhibited by glucose and xylose among the monosaccharides tested, and by bovine thyroglobulin among the glycoproteins tested. Cloning of the OJA cDNA revealed that its primary structure contained the C-type lectin domain (CTLD). The results of this study showed that OJA is an echinoderm-derived glucose/xylose-specific lectin that belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Imamichi
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Kensuke Hikosaka
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawai
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Naruchika Koubaku
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Masatomi Hosoi
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Shoshi Mizuta
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yokoyama
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University, Obama, Fukui 917-0003, Japan.
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138
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Zhou K, Qin Y, Song Y, Zhao K, Pan W, Nan X, Wang Y, Wang Q, Li W. A Novel Ig Domain-Containing C-Type Lectin Triggers the Intestine-Hemocyte Axis to Regulate Antibacterial Immunity in Crab. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:2343-2362. [PMID: 35508356 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The C-type lectin family with the signature C-type lectin-like domain promotes antibacterial host defense within the animal kingdom. We examined the role of Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards) (Decapoda: Grapsidae) Ig domain-containing C-type lectin (EsIgLectin), a novel and poorly understood member of the C-type lectin family. EsIgLectin was expressed primarily by both hemocytes (E sinensis) and intestines, with significantly induced mRNA expression on intestinal or hemolymph bacterial infections. As a soluble protein, both its C-type lectin-like domain and the Ig domain were required for bacterial binding, bacterial agglutination, bacterial growth inhibition, and in vivo bacterial clearance. Polymeric EsIgLectin could be constructed via the disulfide bond in the Ig domain, significantly enhancing EsIgLectin antibacterial activity. EsIgLectin promoted bacterial phagocytosis in an Ig domain-dependent manner in hemocytes, while it controlled microbial homeostasis and protected against bacteria-induced inflammation in the intestine. Protein interaction studies revealed that the EsIgLectin Ig domain bound to the first Ig domain of the polymeric Ig receptor, which was essential for EsIgLectin-induced bacterial phagocytosis. The temporal sequence of cell interactions during intestinal inflammation is only beginning to be understood. In this article, we show that hemocyte-derived EsIgLectin entered the intestinal wall at the later phase of intestinal inflammation. Moreover, EsIgLectin protected the host against intestinal and hemolymph infections in a polymeric Ig receptor-dependent manner. Therefore, the EsIgLectin promoted bacterial clearance and protected against inflammatory disease through an independent or synergistic effect of hemocytes and intestines in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Zhou
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yukai Qin
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yu Song
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Ke Zhao
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Weijuan Pan
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Nan
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Qun Wang
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Weiwei Li
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense & Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; and
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139
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Alam I, Batool K, Idris AL, Tan W, Guan X, Zhang L. Role of Lectin in the Response of Aedes aegypti Against Bt Toxin. Front Immunol 2022; 13:898198. [PMID: 35634312 PMCID: PMC9136036 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.898198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is one of the world’s most dangerous mosquitoes, and a vector of diseases such as dengue fever, chikungunya virus, yellow fever, and Zika virus disease. Currently, a major global challenge is the scarcity of antiviral medicine and vaccine for arboviruses. Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti) toxins are used as biological mosquito control agents. Endotoxins, including Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba, Cry10Aa, Cry11Aa, and Cyt1Aa, are toxic to mosquitoes. Insect eradication by Cry toxin relies primarily on the interaction of cry toxins with key toxin receptors, such as aminopeptidase (APN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cadherin (CAD), and ATP-binding cassette transporters. The carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) of lectins and domains II and III of Cry toxins share similar structural folds, suggesting that midgut proteins, such as C-type lectins (CTLs), may interfere with interactions among Cry toxins and receptors by binding to both and alter Cry toxicity. In the present review, we summarize the functional role of C-type lectins in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and the mechanism underlying the alteration of Cry toxin activity by CTLs. Furthermore, we outline future research directions on elucidating the Bti resistance mechanism. This study provides a basis for understanding Bti resistance, which can be used to develop novel insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intikhab Alam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, MOE, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Khadija Batool
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, MOE, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Aisha Lawan Idris
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, MOE, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weilong Tan
- Nanjing Bioengineering (Gene) Technology Center for Medicines, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, MOE, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Lab of Biopesticides and Chemical Biology, MOE, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lingling Zhang,
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140
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Feng M, Swevers L, Sun J. Hemocyte Clusters Defined by scRNA-Seq in Bombyx mori: In Silico Analysis of Predicted Marker Genes and Implications for Potential Functional Roles. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852702. [PMID: 35281044 PMCID: PMC8914287 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the hemolymph, insect hemocytes constitute a heterogeneous population of macrophage-like cells that play important roles in innate immunity, homeostasis and development. Classification of hemocytes in different subtypes by size, morphology and biochemical or immunological markers has been difficult and only in Drosophila extensive genetic analysis allowed the construction of a coherent picture of hemocyte differentiation from pro-hemocytes to granulocytes, crystal cells and plasmatocytes. However, the advent of high-throughput single cell technologies, such as single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), is bound to have a high impact on the study of hemocytes subtypes and their phenotypes in other insects for which a sophisticated genetic toolbox is not available. Instead of averaging gene expression across all cells as occurs in bulk-RNA-seq, scRNA-seq allows high-throughput and specific visualization of the differentiation status of individual cells. With scRNA-seq, interesting cell types can be identified in heterogeneous populations and direct analysis of rare cell types is possible. Next to its ability to profile the transcriptomes of individual cells in tissue samples, scRNA-seq can be used to propose marker genes that are characteristic of different hemocyte subtypes and predict their functions. In this perspective, the identities of the different marker genes that were identified by scRNA-seq analysis to define 13 distinct cell clusters of hemocytes in larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, are discussed in detail. The analysis confirms the broad division of hemocytes in granulocytes, plasmatocytes, oenocytoids and perhaps spherulocytes but also reveals considerable complexity at the molecular level and highly specialized functions. In addition, predicted hemocyte marker genes in Bombyx generally show only limited convergence with the genes that are considered characteristic for hemocyte subtypes in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luc Swevers
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences & Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Jingchen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Vaněk O, Kalousková B, Abreu C, Nejadebrahim S, Skořepa O. Natural killer cell-based strategies for immunotherapy of cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 129:91-133. [PMID: 35305726 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a family of lymphocytes with a natural ability to kill infected, harmed, or malignantly transformed cells. As these cells are part of the innate immunity, the cytotoxic mechanisms are activated upon recognizing specific patterns without prior antigen sensitization. This recognition is crucial for NK cell function in the maintenance of homeostasis and immunosurveillance. NK cells not only act directly toward malignant cells but also participate in the complex immune response by producing cytokines or cross-talk with other immune cells. Cancer may be seen as a break of all immune defenses when malignant cells escape the immunity and invade surrounding tissues creating a microenvironment supporting tumor progression. This process may be reverted by intervening immune response with immunotherapy, which may restore immune recognition. NK cells are important effector cells for immunotherapy. They may be used for adoptive cell transfer, genetically modified with chimeric antigen receptors, or triggered with appropriate antibodies and other antibody-fragment-based recombinant therapeutic proteins tailored specifically for NK cell engagement. NK cell receptors, responsible for target recognition and activation of cytotoxic response, could also be targeted in immunotherapy, for example, by various bi-, tri-, or multi-specific fusion proteins designed to bridge the gap between tumor markers present on target cells and activation receptors expressed on NK cells. However, this kind of immunoactive therapeutics may be developed only with a deep functional and structural knowledge of NK cell receptor: ligand interactions. This review describes the recent developments in the fascinating protein-engineering field of NK cell immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Kalousková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Celeste Abreu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Shiva Nejadebrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Skořepa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Du J, Yue K, Peng Y, Ning Q. Crucial roles of a novel exoskeletal-derived lectin in innate immunity of the oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:717-728. [PMID: 35253248 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As important pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), C-type lectins play crucial roles in the crustacean innate immune system. In this study, a novel C-type lectin, designated as MnLec1, was obtained from the exoskeleton of the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense for the first time. The full-length cDNA of MnLec1 was 1329 bp with an open reading frame of 774 bp. The predicted MnLec1 protein contains a single carbohydrate-recognition domain with an EPN/LND motif and one Ca2+ binding site-2. MnLec1 transcripts were widely detected in the tested tissues of M. nipponense and significantly up-regulated after Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. The recombinant MnLec1 protein was found to have a wide spectrum of binding activities towards various microorganisms, agglutinate two kinds of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and A. hydrophila) in a Ca2+ -independent manner. What's more, the survivability of prawns was significantly down-regulated after RNAi of MnLec1 when infected with A. hydrophila. Collectively, these findings suggest that MnLec1 from the exoskeleton might function as a PRR and play a crucial role in immune defense against invading pathogens in M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kaidi Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanxin Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qianji Ning
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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143
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Li Y, Pan L, Yu J. The injection of one recombinant C-type lectin (LvLec) induced the immune response of hemocytes in Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:324-331. [PMID: 35429625 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To explore the immune function of C-type lectin in shrimp, one recombinant C-type lectin (LvLec) was injected into Litopenaeus vannamei. There were four treatments in the experiment: saline group (as control group), recombinant C-type lectin group (LvLec, 1 mg mL-1), Vibrio harveyi group (V. harveyi, 106 cfu mL-1) and recombinant C-type lectin combined with Vibrio harveyi group (LvLec + V. harveyi, 1 mg mL-1 + 106 cfu mL-1). The sampling time was set at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 h after the injection. The results showed that the total hemocyte count decreased significantly and the phagocytic activity improved notably after the injection of LvLec, V. harveyi or LvLec + V. harveyi. Prophenoloxidase (proPO) activity decreased, while phenoloxidase (PO) activity increased and the changing degree of each group exhibited a significant difference. The hemagglutinating activity and bacteriolytic activity improved significantly, while the antimicrobial activity did not show a remarkable change in all of the groups. There were also changes that occurred in the levels of second messengers (cAMP, cGMP) and protein kinase (PKA, PKG). After the injection of LvLec, V. harveyi or LvLec + V. harveyi, the concentration of cGMP and PKA increased significantly, while the concentration of cAMP and PKG did not change remarkably. The results above suggested that rLvLec could induce nonspecific immune response, including phagocytosis, release of PO, hemagglutination and bacteriolysis through cGMP-PKA pathway in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Jinhong Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
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Yu M, Chang S, Xu J, Zhang H, Jiang Y. Genome-wide identification of endosialin family of C-type lectins in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and their response following Aeromonas hydrophila infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:104338. [PMID: 34995551 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The endosialin family is the group XIV of C-type lectin, regulating several processes involved in innate immunity and inflammation. Endosialin family genes have been extensively studied in human and mammals, however, rarely reported in teleost. In the present study, a set of 8 endosialin family genes was identified across the entire common carp genome. Functional domain and motif prediction and phylogenetic analysis supported their annotation and orthologies. Through examining gene copy number across several vertebrates, endosialin family genes were found have undergone gene duplication. Most of the endosialin family genes were ubiquitously expressed during common carp early developmental stages, and presented tissue-specific expression patterns in various healthy tissues, with relatively high expression in intestine, liver, gill, spleen and kidney, indicating their likely essential roles in maintaining homeostasis and host immune response. After Aeromonas hydrophila infection, gene thbd-1, thbd-2 and cd93-2 were significantly up-regulated at one or more timepoints in spleen and kidney, while gene cd248a-1, cd248a-2, cd248b-1, cd248b-2, and cd93-1 were significantly down-regulated. Taken together, all these results suggested that endosialin family genes were involved in host immune response to A. hydrophila infection in common carp, and provided fundamental genomic resources for better understanding the critical roles of endosialin family on the primary innate immune processes in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Yu
- College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songhuan Chang
- College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, CAFS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Daher W, Leclercq LD, Johansen MD, Hamela C, Karam J, Trivelli X, Nigou J, Guérardel Y, Kremer L. Glycopeptidolipid glycosylation controls surface properties and pathogenicity in Mycobacterium abscessus. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:910-924.e7. [PMID: 35358417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging and difficult-to-manage mycobacterial species that exhibits smooth (S) or rough (R) morphotypes. Disruption of glycopeptidolipid (GPL) production results in transition from S to R and severe lung disease. A structure-activity relationship study was undertaken to decipher the role of GPL glycosylation in morphotype transition and pathogenesis. Deletion of gtf3 uncovered the prominent role of the extra rhamnose in enhancing mannose receptor-mediated internalization of M. abscessus by macrophages. In contrast, the absence of the 6-deoxy-talose and the first rhamnose in mutants lacking gtf1 and gtf2, respectively, affected M abscessus phagocytosis but also resulted in the S-to-R transition. Strikingly, gtf1 and gtf2 mutants displayed a strong propensity to form cords and abscesses in zebrafish, leading to robust and lethal infection. Together, these results underscore the importance and differential contribution of GPL monosaccharides in promoting virulence and infection outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Daher
- CNRS UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; INSERM, IRIM, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Louis-David Leclercq
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Matt D Johansen
- CNRS UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire Hamela
- CNRS UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jona Karam
- CNRS UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Xavier Trivelli
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Université d'Artois, FR 2638 - IMEC - Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Yann Guérardel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000 Lille, France; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
| | - Laurent Kremer
- CNRS UMR 9004, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France; INSERM, IRIM, 34293 Montpellier, France.
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146
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Bitiscetin-3, a Novel C-Type Lectin-like Protein Cloned from the Venom Gland of the Viper Bitis arietans, Induces Platelet Agglutination and Inhibits Binding of Von Willebrand Factor to Collagen. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040236. [PMID: 35448845 PMCID: PMC9024624 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bitiscetin-1 (aka bitiscetin) and bitiscetin-2 are C-type lectin-like proteins purified from the venom of Bitis arietans (puff adder). They bind to von Willebrand factor (VWF) and—at least bitiscetin-1—induce platelet agglutination via enhancement of VWF binding to platelet glycoprotein Ib (GPIb). Bitiscetin-1 and -2 bind the VWF A1 and A3 domains, respectively. The A3 domain includes the major site of VWF for binding collagen, explaining why bitiscetin-2 blocks VWF-to-collagen binding. In the present study, sequences for a novel bitiscetin protein—bitiscetin-3—were identified in cDNA constructed from the B. arietans venom gland. The deduced amino acid sequences of bitiscetin-3 subunits α and β share 79 and 80% identity with those of bitiscetin-1, respectively. Expression vectors for bitiscetin-3α and -3β were co-transfected to 293T cells, producing the heterodimer protein recombinant bitiscetin-3 (rBit-3). Functionally, purified rBit-3 (1) induced platelet agglutination involving VWF and GPIb, (2) did not compete with bitiscetin-1 for binding to VWF, (3) blocked VWF-to-collagen binding, and (4) lost its platelet agglutination inducing ability in the presence of an anti-VWF monoclonal antibody that blocked VWF-to-collagen binding. These combined results suggest that bitiscetin-3 binds to the A3 domain, as does bitiscetin-2. Except for a small N-terminal fragment of a single subunit—which differs from that of both bitiscetin-3 subunits—the sequences of bitiscetin-2 have never been determined. Therefore, by identifying and analyzing bitiscetin-3, the present study is the first to present the full-length α- and β-subunit sequences and recombinant expression of a bitiscetin-family toxin that blocks the binding of VWF to collagen.
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147
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Chen C, Man N, Liu F, Martin GM, Itonaga H, Sun J, Nimer SD. Epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of innate immunity in cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2047-2056. [PMID: 35320354 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune cells participate in the detection of tumor cells via complex signaling pathways mediated by pattern-recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLR) and NOD-like receptors (NLR). These pathways are finely tuned via multiple mechanisms, including epigenetic regulation. It is well established that hematopoietic progenitors generate innate immune cells that can regulate cancer cell behavior, and the disruption of normal hematopoiesis in pathologic states may lead to altered immunity and the development of cancer. In this review, we discuss the epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms that underlie the initiation and amplification of innate immune signaling in cancer. We also discuss new targeting possibilities for cancer control that exploit innate immune cells and signaling molecules, potentially heralding the next generation of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Na Man
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Fan Liu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Gloria Mas Martin
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Hidehiro Itonaga
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jun Sun
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Stephen D Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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148
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Abstract
C-type lectin domain-containing proteins (CTLDcps) shape host responses to pathogens and infectious disease outcomes. Previously, we identified the murine CTLDcp Cd302 as restriction factor, limiting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of murine hepatocytes. In this study, we investigated in detail the human orthologue's ability to restrict HCV infection in human liver cells. CD302 overexpression in Huh-7.5 cells potently inhibited infection of diverse HCV chimeras representing seven genotypes. Transcriptional profiling revealed abundant CD302 mRNA expression in human hepatocytes, the natural cellular target of HCV. Knockdown of endogenously expressed CD302 modestly enhanced HCV infection of Huh-7.5 cells and primary human hepatocytes. Functional analysis of naturally occurring CD302 transcript variants and engineered CD302 mutants showed that the C-type lectin-like domain (CTLD) is essential for HCV restriction, whereas the cytoplasmic domain (CPD) is dispensable. Coding single nucleotide polymorphisms occurring in human populations and mapping to different domains of CD302 did not influence the capacity of CD302 to restrict HCV. Assessment of the anti-HCV phenotype at different life cycle stages indicated that CD302 preferentially targets the viral entry step. In contrast to the murine orthologue, overexpression of human CD302 did not modulate downstream expression of nuclear receptor-controlled genes. Ectopic CD302 expression restricted infection of liver tropic hepatitis E virus (HEV), while it did not affect infection rates of two respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and the alpha coronavirus HVCoV-229E. Together, these findings suggest that CD302 contributes to liver cell-intrinsic defense against HCV and might mediate broader antiviral defenses against additional hepatotropic viruses. IMPORTANCE The liver represents an immunoprivileged organ characterized by enhanced resistance to immune responses. However, the importance of liver cell-endogenous, noncytolytic innate immune responses in pathogen control is not well defined. Although the role of myeloid cell-expressed CTLDcps in host responses to viruses has been characterized in detail, we have little information about their potential functions in the liver and their relevance for immune responses in this organ. Human hepatocytes endogenously express the CTLDcp CD302. Here, we provide evidence that CD302 limits HCV infection of human liver cells, likely by inhibiting a viral cell entry step. We confirm that the dominant liver-expressed transcript variant, as well as naturally occurring coding variants of CD302, maintain the capacity to restrict HCV. We further show that the CTLD of the protein is critical for the anti-HCV activity and that overexpressed CD302 limits HEV infection. Thus, CD302 likely contributes to human liver-intrinsic antiviral defenses.
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149
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Schön K, Lindenwald DL, Monteiro JT, Glanz J, Jung K, Becker SC, Lepenies B. Vector and Host C-Type Lectin Receptor (CLR)-Fc Fusion Proteins as a Cross-Species Comparative Approach to Screen for CLR-Rift Valley Fever Virus Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063243. [PMID: 35328665 PMCID: PMC8954825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne bunyavirus endemic to Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, which causes diseases in humans and livestock. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) represent a superfamily of pattern recognition receptors that were reported to interact with diverse viruses and contribute to antiviral immune responses but may also act as attachment factors or entry receptors in diverse species. Human DC-SIGN and L-SIGN are known to interact with RVFV and to facilitate viral host cell entry, but the roles of further host and vector CLRs are still unknown. In this study, we present a CLR–Fc fusion protein library to screen RVFV–CLR interaction in a cross-species approach and identified novel murine, ovine, and Aedes aegypti RVFV candidate receptors. Furthermore, cross-species CLR binding studies enabled observations of the differences and similarities in binding preferences of RVFV between mammalian CLR homologues, as well as more distant vector/host CLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Schön
- Institute for Parasitology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany;
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Dimitri L. Lindenwald
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
| | - João T. Monteiro
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Julien Glanz
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (J.G.); (K.J.)
| | - Klaus Jung
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (J.G.); (K.J.)
| | - Stefanie C. Becker
- Institute for Parasitology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany;
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Institute for Immunology & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hanover, Germany; (D.L.L.); (J.T.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.B.); (B.L.)
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150
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Dohnálek J, Skálová T. C-type lectin-(like) fold - Protein-protein interaction patterns and utilization. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 58:107944. [PMID: 35301089 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The C-type lectin-like fold (CTL fold) is a building block of many proteins, including saccharide-binding lectins, natural killer cell receptors, macrophage mannose receptor, selectins, collectins, snake venoms and others. Some are important players in innate immunity and are involved in the first-line response to virally infected cells or cancer cells, some play a role in antimicrobial defense, and some are potential targets for fight against problems connected with allergies, obesity, and autoimmunity. The structure of a CTL domain typically contains two α-helices, two small β-sheets and a long surface loop, with two or three disulfide bridges stabilizing the structure. This small domain is often involved in interactions with a target molecule, however, utilizing varied parts of the domain surface, with or without structural modifications. More than 500 three-dimensional structures of CTL fold-containing proteins are available in the Protein Data Bank, including a significant number of complexes with their key interacting partners (protein:protein complexes). The amount of available structural data enables a detailed analysis of the rules of interaction patterns utilized in activation, inhibition, attachment and other pathways or functionalities. Interpretation of known CTL receptor structures and all other CTL-containing proteins and complexes with described three-dimensional structures, complemented with sequence/structure/interaction correlation analysis offers a comprehensive view of the rules of interaction patterns of the CTL fold. The results are of value for prediction of interaction behavior of so far not understood CTL-containing proteins and development of new protein binders based on this fold, with applications in biomedicine or biotechnologies. It follows from the available structural data that almost the whole surface of the CTL fold is utilized in protein:protein interactions, with the heaviest frequency of utilization in the canonical interaction region. The individual categories of interactions differ in the interface buildup strategy. The strongest CTL binders rely on interfaces with large interaction area, presence of hydrophobic core, or high surface complementarity. The typical interaction surfaces of the fold are not conserved in amino acid sequence and can be utilized in design of new binders for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dohnálek
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Biocev, Průmyslová 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Skálová
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Biocev, Průmyslová 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic
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