101
|
Kuman Tunçel Ö, Taşbakan SE, Gökengin D, Erdem HA, Yamazhan T, Sipahi OR, Pullukçu H, Önen Sertöz Ö, Işıkgöz Taşbakan M. The deep impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students: An online cross-sectional study evaluating Turkish students' anxiety. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14139. [PMID: 33683775 PMCID: PMC8250332 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) changed the delivery of medical education in Turkey by moving to an emergency remote teaching system and led to many challenges for future doctors. In this study, we aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical students, to assess their anxiety level and their main anxiety sources related to this pandemic. METHODS A Google Form was distributed to medical students using the virtual snowball sampling method. The form included the Beck Anxiety Inventory and additional 19 questions on sociodemographic characteristics, perceived level of knowledge about the epidemic, self-risk perceptions of COVID-19 and their anxiety levels about some other topics related to COVID-19. RESULTS Overall, 3105 medical students with a mean age of 22.37 ± 2.46, took the survey. Amongst the participants, only 32% of the students defined their knowledge about the precautions that should be taken during an epidemic disease as acceptable. Students reported highest anxiety level for the continuing spread of COVID-19 in Turkey and transmitting coronavirus to another person. Clinically significant anxiety prevalence was 23.2%. Regression analysis revealed that factors that increased the risk of being anxious included being female, being other than a 5th-year student, thinking that being a medical student would increase the risk of coronavirus transmission or being uncertain about it, being exposed to a patient with COVID-19 or being uncertain about it, being anxious about the continuing spread of COVID-19 in Turkey, being anxious about acquiring COVID-19, being anxious for graduating and being on active duty, being anxious about a medical training interruption. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that anxiety is prevalent amongst Turkish medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic and they have a weak preparedness for a pandemic such as COVID-19. Based on our results, new strategies should be implemented for medical education and for alleviating students' anxiety levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deniz Gökengin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineEge UniversityİzmirTurkey
| | - Hüseyin Aytaç Erdem
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineEge UniversityİzmirTurkey
| | - Tansu Yamazhan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineEge UniversityİzmirTurkey
| | - Oğuz Reşat Sipahi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineEge UniversityİzmirTurkey
| | - Hüsnü Pullukçu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineEge UniversityİzmirTurkey
| | - Özen Önen Sertöz
- Psychiatry DepartmentFaculty of MedicineEge UniversityİzmirTurkey
| | - Meltem Işıkgöz Taşbakan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineEge UniversityİzmirTurkey
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Khoo T, Warren N, Jenkins A, Turner J. Teaching medical students remotely during a pandemic - what can psychiatry offer? Australas Psychiatry 2021; 29:361-364. [PMID: 33231100 PMCID: PMC7686648 DOI: 10.1177/1039856220971931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The clinical teaching of psychiatry to medical students throughout the COVID-19 pandemic has presented opportunities for support, engagement and learning above and beyond usual practice. Like other teaching faculties, we needed to quickly adapt the course material to an online platform. However, for psychiatric teaching, it was also essential to find alternatives to patient interviewing, and to provide support and containment in uncertain times. We aim to describe our philosophical stance and framework for the delivery of our online course. CONCLUSIONS Key components in the delivery of our modified course were the transition to online learning and assessment, developing a suite of surrogate clinical learning experiences, using simulated patients for online interviewing, and attention to student well-being whilst providing a supportive and contained environment for student learning. Supportive leadership and good communication assisted the teaching staff to deliver the course during COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taraneh Khoo
- The University of Queensland Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicola Warren
- The University of Queensland Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Metro South Health Service District, Addiction and Mental Health, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Anna Jenkins
- The University of Queensland Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Jane Turner
- The University of Queensland Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to understand the variables or study habits that inform study in undergraduate and postgraduate students attending Trinity College Dublin. METHODS A descriptive, cross-sectional anonymous online survey was used to gather data to explore student study habits. Survey 1 was completed by participants in April 2019 and survey 2 was completed by participants in April 2020, during the COVID-19 restrictions. RESULTS A total of 1557 participants completed survey 1 in 2019, and 1793 participants completed survey 2 in 2020. In both surveys a majority reported using caffeine, library study, sleep pattern adjustment and excercise to aid academic performance. Survey 2 participants reported COVID-19 resulted in increased difficulty studying (91%). In particular loss of structure and routine was negatively impacted by the pandemic (92%), and increased feelings of stress were reported (75%). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests a potential role of the college environment as a target for the implementation of interventions to promote student learning, healthy study habits and well-being. The global pandemic has resulted in additional challenging demands for universities to serve an essential role in supporting college students study habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Clarke
- Dublin North Mental Health Services, Millmount Avenue, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - M Mullin
- College Health Service, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - D McGrath
- College Health Service, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - N Farrelly
- College Health Service, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Kaul V, Gallo de Moraes A, Khateeb D, Greenstein Y, Winter G, Chae J, Stewart NH, Qadir N, Dangayach NS. Medical Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Chest 2021; 159:1949-1960. [PMID: 33385380 PMCID: PMC7772576 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
All aspects of medical education were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Several challenges were experienced by trainees and programs alike, including economic repercussions of the pandemic; social distancing affecting the delivery of medical education, testing, and interviewing; the surge of patients affecting redeployment of personnel and potential compromises in core training; and the overall impact on the wellness and mental health of trainees and educators. The ability of medical teams and researchers to peer review, conduct clinical research, and keep up with literature was similarly challenged by the rapid growth in peer-reviewed and preprint literature. This article reviews these challenges and shares strategies that institutions, educators, and learners adopted, adapted, and developed to provide quality education during these unprecedented times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viren Kaul
- Crouse Health/Upstate Medical University.
| | | | | | | | | | - JuneMee Chae
- Mayo Clinic Health System-Franciscan Healthcare at La Crosse
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
105
|
Consorti F, Kanter SL, Basili S, Ho MJ. A SWOT analysis of Italian medical curricular adaptations to the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide survey of medical school leaders. MEDICAL TEACHER 2021; 43:546-553. [PMID: 33556296 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2021.1877266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing literature on how medical education adapts to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a need to examine the facilitators and barriers of these adaptations. This study explores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of how Italian medical schools adapted their curricula to the COVID -19 pandemic. METHODS The authors conducted an online survey of directors of medical curricula in Italy. Free-text responses to open-ended questions about curricular adaptations and reflections on these adaptations were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis. RESULTS Twenty out of 60 Italian medical school directors completed the survey. Strengths identified were rapid responses and a spirit of cooperation. Weaknesses included dependency on clinical facilities, teachers' limited skills to use technology, and lack of mental health support for staff. Opportunities highlighted were clear government rules, new ways of teaching and a renewed focus on underrepresented topics. Threats expressed included impaired relationships, difficulties related to online assessment, lack of IT access, and legal and insurance issues. CONCLUSIONS This study, in documenting the curricular adaptations of Italian medical schools during an active global pandemic, and recording the perspectives of medical education leaders, offers important lessons for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Consorti
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Basili
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
106
|
Tavolacci MP, Wouters E, Van de Velde S, Buffel V, Déchelotte P, Van Hal G, Ladner J. The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Health Behaviors among Students of a French University. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084346. [PMID: 33923943 PMCID: PMC8072635 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the changes in health behaviors among students of a French university during the COVID-19 lockdown. An online retrospective survey was distributed to Rouen-Normandy University students at the end of the COVID-19 lockdown (13th March-11th May 2020). Voluntary university students were included. Data collected were on socio-demographics, academic environment, COVID19 concerns, tobacco smoking, binge drinking, cannabis use, and physical activity in the periods before and during COVID-19 lockdown. The survey was completed by 3671 university students (mean age 20.9 ± 2.47 years, 72.9% female). Significantly favorable changes between the periods before and during COVID-19 were reported for tobacco smoking (18.5% vs. 14.8%), binge drinking (35.9% vs. 9.3%) and cannabis use (5.6% vs. 3.2%) and unfavorable changes for moderate (79.4% vs. 67.9%) and vigorous physical activity (62.5% vs. 59.1%). After logistic regression, factors associated with unfavorable changes in tobacco smoking and with favorable changes in vigorous physical activity were the worry of not validating the academic year and stress related to changes in the mode of teaching, respectively. For each health behavior, unfavorable changes were associated with higher depression levels, and male gender. Then as a decrease, mainly in binge drinking was observed during the COVID-19 lockdown, care must be taken to prevent university students from resuming binge drinking after the end of the lockdown. Health-promotion strategies directed at adopting or maintaining positive mental health and promoting physical activity should be developed for university students to better manage future lockdown periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Pierre Tavolacci
- Clinical Investigation Center, CHU Rouen, U 1073, Normandie University, F 76000 Rouen, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Edwin Wouters
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology Centre for Population, Family & Health, University of Antwerpen, 2180 Antwerpen, Belgium; (E.W.); (S.V.d.V.); (V.B.)
| | - Sarah Van de Velde
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology Centre for Population, Family & Health, University of Antwerpen, 2180 Antwerpen, Belgium; (E.W.); (S.V.d.V.); (V.B.)
| | - Veerle Buffel
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology Centre for Population, Family & Health, University of Antwerpen, 2180 Antwerpen, Belgium; (E.W.); (S.V.d.V.); (V.B.)
| | - Pierre Déchelotte
- Department of Nutrition CHU Rouen, U 1073, Normandie University, F 76000 Rouen, France;
| | - Guido Van Hal
- Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine University of Antwerpen, 2180 Antwerpen, Belgium; (G.V.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Joel Ladner
- Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine University of Antwerpen, 2180 Antwerpen, Belgium; (G.V.H.); (J.L.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, CHU Rouen, U 1073, Normandie University, F 76000 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Kheirallah K, Bloukh S, Khasawneh W, Alsulaiman J, Khassawneh A, Al-Mistarehi AH, Alqudah M, Elsalem L, Al Bashir S, Awad HH, Al-Shatanawi T, Saleh T. Medical students' relative immunity, or lack thereof, against COVID-19 emotional distress and psychological challenges; a descriptive study from Jordan. F1000Res 2021; 10:297. [PMID: 34026047 PMCID: PMC8108551 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.52051.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Emotional distress is a major impact of COVID-19 among not only the general public but also healthcare workers including medical students. This study aimed at describing self-reported changes in emotional reactions associated with COVID-19 among medical students in Jordan and to assessing the potential effect of social media utilization on emotional distress among this group. Methods: A cross-sectional design was utilized to collect data early on during the outbreak in Jordan. All medical students in Jordan were eligible to complete an online questionnaire assessing self-reported emotional reactions to COVID-19 that covered four main domains: negative emotion (anxiety, worry, depression, panic, loneliness, and nervousness), positive emotion (happiness, joy, and excitement), sleep disorders (insomnia, shallow sleep, nightmares, and insufficient sleep), and aggression (verbal argument and physical fighting). The frequency of social media utilization as a main source of COVID-19 information was also assessed. Results: 59.9% of participants were females, 64.9% were enrolled at the two major medical schools in Jordan, and 59.6% were in the pre-clinical stage (years). A significant proportion of participants self-reported increased negative emotional levels of anxiety (49.2%), worry (72.4%), depression (23.1%), panic (22.6%), and nervousness (38.2%) and decreased positive emotional levels of happiness (44.8%), joy (47.3%), and feelings of excitement (45.1%). Self-reported sleep disorders were not as common (less than 15% for any of the four items), while arguing with others was at 26.7%. Significant differences by gender and academic year were detected. Almost half of participants reported using social media as a main source of COVID-19 information "most/all-the-times" with a significant effect of such on reducing emotional distress. Conclusion: The results suggest a potential effect of COVID-19 on the emotional distress of medical students. Addressing and mitigating such effects is crucial. The potential buffering effect of social media should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Kheirallah
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sarah Bloukh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine at The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Wasim Khasawneh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jomana Alsulaiman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine at Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Adi Khassawneh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alqudah
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samir Al Bashir
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hasan H Awad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tariq Al-Shatanawi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Tareq Saleh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine at The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Byrne MHV, Ashcroft J, Alexander L, Wan JCM, Arora A, Brown MEL, Harvey A, Clelland A, Schindler N, Brassett C, Allan R. COVIDReady2 study protocol: cross-sectional survey of medical student volunteering and education during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:211. [PMID: 33853584 PMCID: PMC8045566 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to global disruption of healthcare. Many students volunteered to provide clinical support. Volunteering to work in a clinical capacity was a unique medical education opportunity; however, it is unknown whether this was a positive learning experience or which volunteering roles were of most benefit to students. METHODS The COVIDReady2 study is a national cross-sectional study of all medical students at medical schools in the United Kingdom. The primary outcome is to explore the experiences of medical students who volunteered during the pandemic in comparison to those who did not. We will compare responses to determine the educational benefit and issues they faced. In addition to quantitative analysis, thematic analysis will be used to identify themes in qualitative responses. DISCUSSION There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that service roles have potential to enhance medical education; yet, there is a shortage of studies able to offer practical advice for how these roles may be incorporated in future medical education. We anticipate that this study will help to identify volunteer structures that have been beneficial for students, so that similar infrastructures can be used in the future, and help inform medical education in a non-pandemic setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not Applicable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew H V Byrne
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Old Rd, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LE, UK.
| | - James Ashcroft
- Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Anmol Arora
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Megan E L Brown
- Health Professions Education Unit, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Anna Harvey
- King's College London GKT School of Medical Education, London, UK
| | - Andrew Clelland
- Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas Schindler
- Paediatric Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Cecilia Brassett
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rachel Allan
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Radcliffe Primary Care Building, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Havers N, Seebacher-Tomas A, Ashcroft J. A foundation interim year 1 sequential simulation experience and analysis of preparedness to practice early. Future Healthc J 2021; 8:e137-e141. [PMID: 33791493 DOI: 10.7861/fhj.2020-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This project involved the implementation of a simulation session followed by interviews to assess and improve foundation interim year 1 (FiY1) preparedness. The session focused on the interpretation of investigations, clinical examinations, the implementation of management plans and appropriate escalation. Preparedness was measured quantitatively using Likert-type scales and qualitatively using interviews. Following the simulation, there was a significant increase in median preparedness for giving treatment (3 vs 4; p=0.04), paperwork (2 vs 4; p=0.03) and independent, responsible working (3 vs 4.5; p=0.03), before and after, respectively. Following the FiY1 period, participants demonstrated significant improvement in median preparedness for giving treatment (3 vs 4.5; p=0.01), paperwork (2 vs 5; p=0.01), independent, responsible working (3 vs 4.5; p=0.02), and communication and teamworking (4 vs 5; p=0.01), before and after, respectively. This simulation and the FiY1 period increased preparedness. This study suggests that future medical apprenticeships should provide the same opportunities and responsibilities as the FiY1 programme.
Collapse
|
110
|
Brasil MA, Lovisi G, Bordiano G, Abelha L, Morais L. Setor de Atendimento em Saúde Mental aos estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
111
|
Papapanou M, Routsi E, Tsamakis K, Fotis L, Marinos G, Lidoriki I, Karamanou M, Papaioannou TG, Tsiptsios D, Smyrnis N, Rizos E, Schizas D. Medical education challenges and innovations during COVID-19 pandemic. Postgrad Med J 2021; 98:321-327. [PMID: 33782202 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-140032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly disrupted the well-established, traditional structure of medical education. Τhe new limitations of physical presence have accelerated the development of an online learning environment, comprising both of asynchronous and synchronous distance education, and the introduction of novel ways of student assessment. At the same time, this prolonged crisis had serious implications on the lives of medical students including their psychological well-being and the impact on their academic trajectories. The new reality has, on many occasions, triggered the 'acting up' of medical students as frontline healthcare staff, which has been perceived by many of them as a positive learning and contributing experience, and has led to a variety of responses from the educational institutions. All things considered, the urgency for rapid and novel adaptations to the new circumstances has functioned as a springboard for remarkable innovations in medical education,including the promotion of a more "evidence-based" approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michail Papapanou
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Routsi
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- Second Department of Psychiatry, 'Attikon' University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lampros Fotis
- Third Department of Paediatrics, 'Attikon' University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Marinos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Lidoriki
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marianna Karamanou
- Department of History of Medicine and Medical Ethics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodore G Papaioannou
- Department of History of Medicine and Medical Ethics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsiptsios
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Sunderland, UK
| | - Nikolaos Smyrnis
- Second Department of Psychiatry, 'Attikon' University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Rizos
- Second Department of Psychiatry, 'Attikon' University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Hanafy SM, Jumaa MI, Arafa MA. A comparative study of online learning in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic versus conventional learning. Saudi Med J 2021; 42:324-331. [PMID: 33632912 PMCID: PMC7989255 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2021.42.3.20200741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the attitude and perception of undergraduate medical students and their staff towards the educational methods (conventional versus online) and to assess their performance accordingly. METHODS It was a comparative cross sectional study, conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Al- Imam University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on May 30, 2020. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data from students and staff about conventional teaching, online teaching, conventional examination and online examination. It was in the form of 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from 5-strongly agree, to 1-strongly disagree, in addition to age and gender. The results of conventional and online examination were recorded. RESULTS The total sample reached 230 students and 20 staff. Mean scores for conventional teaching and examination were significantly higher than online. The mean values for grades of online final examination was significantly higher than those of midterm conventional examination. Most of the statements related to conventional teaching and examination attained a good response where students and their staff conveyed a negative perception pertinent to online examination. Students and staff showed a higher percentage of agreement in favor of online examination allowing immediate feedback. CONCLUSION Conventional teaching was perceived as more effective, accessible, less technical difficulties and less fraud and cheating. Online learning, should be allowed in undergraduate medical education, by combining it with conventional learning, and students should be prepared to it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safaa M. Hanafy
- From the Department of Anatomy (Hanafy, Jumaa), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University; from the Cancer Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine (Arafa), King Saud University Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Department of Anatomy (Jumaa), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Asuit, Egypt.
- Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Safaa M. Hanafy, Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4590-839X
| | - Mohammad I. Jumaa
- From the Department of Anatomy (Hanafy, Jumaa), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University; from the Cancer Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine (Arafa), King Saud University Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Department of Anatomy (Jumaa), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Asuit, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa A. Arafa
- From the Department of Anatomy (Hanafy, Jumaa), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University; from the Cancer Research Chair, Faculty of Medicine (Arafa), King Saud University Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Department of Anatomy (Jumaa), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Asuit, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Bourion-Bédès S, Tarquinio C, Batt M, Tarquinio P, Lebreuilly R, Sorsana C, Legrand K, Rousseau H, Baumann C. Stress and associated factors among French university students under the COVID-19 lockdown: The results of the PIMS-CoV 19 study. J Affect Disord 2021; 283:108-114. [PMID: 33540333 PMCID: PMC7813474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The novel coronavirus disease has caused a global public health emergency. This study aimed to investigate perceived stress levels due to the COVID-19 outbreak and explore associated factors among students under lockdown. METHODS Sociodemographic data, living and learning conditions and existing scales of perceived stress (PSS) and social support (MSPSS) were administered to French students via an online survey. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between severe perceived stress and different factors. RESULTS Among 3764 university students, the average PSS score was 19.2 (SD=8.3), and 22% experienced high perceived stress. The presence of someone hospitalized for COVID-19 in one's household (OR=6, 95% CI: 2.4-14.6) and female gender (OR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.9-2.9) were the main risk factors for severe perceived stress. The following risk factors were also identified: enrollment in the arts, humanities and language program; postponement of a final examination; reduced learning time; conflicts at home and with neighbors; difficulties isolating; noise inside or outside one's home; a lack of direct outdoor access; increased alcohol and tobacco consumption; and the perceived ineffectiveness of the use of media entertainment to calm down. Friend support (OR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.93) and family support (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.74-0.84) and the perceived effectiveness of physical exercise (OR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.4-0.6) for calming down were protective factors. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the factors that should be taken into account to counteract students' stress and the need to focus on students during epidemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Bourion-Bédès
- EA4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France; Centre Hospitalier de Versailles. Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Versailles, France.
| | - Cyril Tarquinio
- EA4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Martine Batt
- InterPsy, GRC Team, University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | | | | | | | - Karine Legrand
- EA4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France,Clinical Investigation Center, INSERM, University Hospital of Nancy, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Hélène Rousseau
- Methodology, Data Management and Statistics Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Cédric Baumann
- EA4360 APEMAC (Health Adjustment, Measurement and Assessment, Interdisciplinary Approaches), University of Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France,Methodology, Data Management and Statistics Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, 54000 Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
O'Byrne L, Gavin B, Adamis D, Lim YX, McNicholas F. Levels of stress in medical students due to COVID-19. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2021; 47:medethics-2020-107155. [PMID: 33658333 PMCID: PMC7931208 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2020-107155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
For medical schools, the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated examination and curricular restructuring as well as significant changes to clinical attachments. With the available evidence suggesting that medical students' mental health status is already poorer than that of the general population, with academic stress being a chief predictor, such changes are likely to have a significant effect on these students. This online, cross-sectional study aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 on perceived stress levels of medical students, investigate possible contributing and alleviating factors, and produce recommendations for medical schools to implement during future healthcare emergencies. The majority (54.5%) of respondents reported levels of stress ranging from moderate to extreme. Higher levels of stress were significantly associated with female gender (p=0.039) and international status (p=0.031). A significant association was also noted between reported stress and the transition to online learning (p<0.0001) and online assessment formatting (p<0.0001), concerns for personal health (p<0.0001) and for the health of family members (p<0.0001). Students who reported higher stress levels were less confident in their government's management of the crisis (p=0.041). Additionally, students who reported lower stress agreed highly that their medical school had an appropriate response to the crisis (p<0.0001), had provided sufficient information regarding the crisis (p=0.015), that they trust their school in handling the continuing of their education (p=0.020) and that their school had appropriate plans in place to support the continuing of education (p=0.017).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorcan O'Byrne
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Blánaid Gavin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, SMMS, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dimitrios Adamis
- Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - You Xin Lim
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona McNicholas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, SMMS, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Safa F, Anjum A, Hossain S, Trisa TI, Alam SF, Abdur Rafi M, Podder V, Koly KN, Azad DT, Ahmad WU, Nodi RN, Ashraf F, Quamrul Akhter SM, Ahmed HU, Hasan MT. Immediate psychological responses during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi medical students. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2021; 122:105912. [PMID: 33390637 PMCID: PMC7769705 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most recent global pandemic of COVID-19 has been creating multidimensional damages, including a detrimental impact on the mental health status of individuals. Medical students, a vulnerable cross-section of the population, may have perceived a myriad of psychological stressors during this crisis in the background of their prevailing stressful academic pressure and preexisting higher psychological and mental health issue. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and to elucidate the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Bangladeshi medical students. METHOD A cross-sectional study design was utilized to conduct this survey. The online survey including demographic questions, COVID-19 related questions, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS; higher scores on the subscales indicate higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms), was completed by 425 Bangladeshi medical students. Collected data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS (version 25.0) software. RESULT The HADS anxiety subscale revealed that 65.9% of the medical students had different levels of anxiety, ranging from mild (27.3%), moderate (26.8%), and severe (11.8%). As per HADS depression subscale, 49.9% of the medical students had varying degrees of depressive symptoms, with 3.3% of the participants had suffered from severe depressive symptoms. Female students had a relatively more anxiety and depressive symptoms when compared with males. The students, who were severely tensed of getting infected by the virus, were at higher risk of suffering from anxiety (3.5-fold) and depressive (2.7-fold) symptoms, when compared with no/minimally stressed students. Besides, fear of getting assaulted or humiliated on the way to hospital or home, not to be able to give maximum concentration on study after COVID-19 pandemic, students' present emotional status (agitation), had statistically significant higher risk of anxiety. CONCLUSION A substantial proportion of Bangladeshi medical students are experiencing pandemic-related adverse psychological impact. Poor mental health conditions of these vulnerable medical students pose important threat to their potential contribution in future health care. Thus, medical colleges and health authorities should focus on addressing their psychological needs and formulate effective strategies to ameliorate medical students' mental health status, particularly during any infectious disease outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Safa
- Department of Public Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Afifa Anjum
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Public Health Foundation, Bangladesh (PHF, BD), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tonima Islam Trisa
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Vivek Podder
- Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College and Hospital, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar Koly
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Fatema Ashraf
- Public Health Foundation, Bangladesh (PHF, BD), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Helal Uddin Ahmed
- National Institute of Mental Health, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Tasdik Hasan
- Public Health Foundation, Bangladesh (PHF, BD), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Bazan D, Nowicki M, Rzymski P. Medical students as the volunteer workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: Polish experience. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION : IJDRR 2021. [PMID: 33585172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic medical students in different countries were mobilized to support healthcare systems during the emergency. This study presents the experience of 580 students of a single medical university in Poland who served as volunteers at different healthcare units during the first six months of the first case being recorded in the country (March-September 2020). The mean ± SD hours and days spent on volunteering in the studied group were 52 ± 36 h and 144 ± 126 d, respectively, the collective number of worked hours amounted to 83,460 h. Compared to other fields of study students of medicine engaged in volunteering for more hours and for more days. The main tasks performed by the surveyed group included triage, servicing call-centers for patients and working at the admission ward, hospital clinics, emergency departments and diagnostic labs. The level of fear at the beginning of volunteering was relatively low in the studied group and did not increase over the course. The majority of students received positive feedback from families, friends, patients and healthcare workers, revealed a high level of satisfaction from volunteering (also when experiencing COVID-19-related prejudice), while gaining professional experience and a sense of giving real aid were among the most frequently indicated benefits. The results of the present study demonstrate that although medical students are not essential workers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, they can be of real assistance to healthcare systems during times of emergency, and should be considered as such in the future in case such a need arises again.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Bazan
- Department of Promotion and Careers, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
- Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Lazarus G, Findyartini A, Putera AM, Gamalliel N, Nugraha D, Adli I, Phowira J, Azzahra L, Ariffandi B, Widyahening IS. Willingness to volunteer and readiness to practice of undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in Indonesia. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:138. [PMID: 33648516 PMCID: PMC7919987 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The question to involve or restrict medical students' involvement in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic response remains contentious. As their state of preparation and perceptions in volunteering during this pandemic have yet to be investigated, this study aims to evaluate Indonesian medical students' willingness to volunteer and readiness to practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A web-based survey was conducted among undergraduate medical students throughout Indonesia. Socio-demographic and social interaction information, in addition to willingness to volunteer and readiness to practice, were obtained using a self-reported questionnaire. The significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS Among 4870 participants, 2374 (48.7%) expressed their willingness to volunteer, while only 906 (18.6%) had adequate readiness to practice. Male students, students with prior volunteering experience in health or non-health sectors, and students from public universities or living in Central Indonesia (vs Java) had higher scores of willingness and readiness to volunteer. Students from Sumatra also had better preparedness (odds ratio [OR] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-2.12, p = 0.004), while the opposite occurred for students from Eastern Indonesia (OR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.44-0.89, p = 0.002)-when compared to students from Java. In addition, compared to students with high family income, students from lower-middle income families were less willing to volunteer (OR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.98, p = 0.034), though those with low family income had better readiness (OR 1.51, 95% CI: 1.10-2.08, p = 0.011). Shortage of medical personnel, sense of duty, and solicitation by stakeholders were the main reasons increasing the students' willingness to volunteer; whereas contrarily fear for own's health, absence of a cure, and fear of harming patients were the primary factors diminishing their willingness to volunteer. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that many Indonesian medical students are willing to volunteer, yet only few of them were ready to practice, indicating that further preparations are required to maximize their potentials and minimize their exposure to hazards. We suggest that their potentials as a firm support system during the pandemic should not be overlooked, and that the integration of relevant courses to the medical curricula are imperative to prepare for future public health emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Lazarus
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ardi Findyartini
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba 6, Central, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
- Medical Education Center, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | | | - Nico Gamalliel
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - David Nugraha
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Imam Adli
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jason Phowira
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lyanna Azzahra
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bagas Ariffandi
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indah Suci Widyahening
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Bazan D, Nowicki M, Rzymski P. Medical students as the volunteer workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: Polish experience. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION : IJDRR 2021; 55:102109. [PMID: 33585172 PMCID: PMC7871109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic medical students in different countries were mobilized to support healthcare systems during the emergency. This study presents the experience of 580 students of a single medical university in Poland who served as volunteers at different healthcare units during the first six months of the first case being recorded in the country (March-September 2020). The mean ± SD hours and days spent on volunteering in the studied group were 52 ± 36 h and 144 ± 126 d, respectively, the collective number of worked hours amounted to 83,460 h. Compared to other fields of study students of medicine engaged in volunteering for more hours and for more days. The main tasks performed by the surveyed group included triage, servicing call-centers for patients and working at the admission ward, hospital clinics, emergency departments and diagnostic labs. The level of fear at the beginning of volunteering was relatively low in the studied group and did not increase over the course. The majority of students received positive feedback from families, friends, patients and healthcare workers, revealed a high level of satisfaction from volunteering (also when experiencing COVID-19-related prejudice), while gaining professional experience and a sense of giving real aid were among the most frequently indicated benefits. The results of the present study demonstrate that although medical students are not essential workers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, they can be of real assistance to healthcare systems during times of emergency, and should be considered as such in the future in case such a need arises again.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Bazan
- Department of Promotion and Careers, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
- Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
AlOmar RS, AlShamlan NA, AlAmer NA, Aldulijan F, AlMuhaidib S, Almukhadhib O, Algarni SA, Alshaibani A, Darwish M, Al Shammari M. What are the barriers and facilitators of volunteering among healthcare students during the COVID-19 pandemic? A Saudi-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042910. [PMID: 33602709 PMCID: PMC7896371 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to assess the volunteering of undergraduate health students and interns in the Ministry of Health (MOH) services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) during the COVID-19 pandemic, its motivational factors and barriers, as well as their risk perception of COVID-19. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS From 12 to 21 May 2020, an online survey was sent to all undergraduate health students and interns in the KSA. This included questions on demographics, volunteering status, risk perception of COVID-19, as well as motivations and barriers towards volunteering. RESULTS In a convenience sample of 6016 students and interns across KSA, 1824 (30.31%) have volunteered with the MOH services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Volunteering was more likely among older participants, from the College of Medicine, those with self-perceived at risk of COVID-19 infection and those with self-perceived healthy participants. Females, those who did not think that students had moral duties to volunteer, those who were at risk of seasonal influenza and those with self-perceived at risk of hospitalisation from COVID-19 were less likely to volunteer. Patriotism, gaining experience, assisting when able and religious rewards all were reported as major motivators to volunteer. Non-volunteering participants reported that lack of interest, protocol and knowledge, as well as issues related to their personal health and transportation were the main barriers to volunteering. CONCLUSIONS About one-third of undergraduate health students and interns volunteered during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in KSA. Moral values were the most important motivations among volunteers. Efforts to encourage heath students and interns to volunteer and providing those with appropriate educational programmes are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem S AlOmar
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf A AlShamlan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naheel A AlAmer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fajar Aldulijan
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seereen AlMuhaidib
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Almukhadhib
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad A Algarni
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Askar Alshaibani
- King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy Darwish
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Al Shammari
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Egarter S, Mutschler A, Brass K. Impact of COVID-19 on digital medical education: compatibility of digital teaching and examinations with integrity and ethical principles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EDUCATIONAL INTEGRITY 2021; 17:18. [PMCID: PMC8421088 DOI: 10.1007/s40979-021-00084-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic in 2020 has had a lasting impact on all areas of personal life. However, the political, economic, legal and healthcare system, as well as the education system have also experienced the effects. Universities had to face new challenges and requirements in teaching and examinations as quickly as possible in order to be able to guarantee high-quality education for their students. This study aims to examine how the German-speaking medical faculties of the Umbrella Consortium of Assessment Network (UCAN) have dealt with the challenges but also the opportunities that the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic created in medical education and whether digitalisation has been driven forward as a result. In an initial online-survey we focused our questions on the current teaching situation with regard to digitised teaching content, the support or establishment of adequate framework conditions by the medical faculties and IT facilities and also the execution of examinations during the summer semester 2020. Between August and September 2020, a total of 88 examiners, educators, dean of study and/or technical admins from 32 partner faculties took part in the survey. Students were not included in our survey. Most respondents stated that a switch to a digital semester had worked, the use of e-learning increased compared to previous semesters and that most courses could be converted, with the exception of practical courses, which were largely cancelled. The respondents also indicated that most examinations could still be taken, with the exception of practical examination formats, like Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs). However, in the case of face-to-face examinations, strict distance and hygiene conditions had to be obeyed or there had to be a switch to distance-online examinations, which raised many open issues such as equal opportunities of students (technical equipment, internet access, premises) and attempts at deception (third-party help with the exam, mutual exchange between students, web search). In conclusion, we identified several issues regarding the rapid transition to a digital semester due to COVID-19 which were categorised into the following topics: Face-to-face teaching could not take place, (2) know-how of educators, (3) integrity aspects, (4) technical aspects, (5) additional personnel required, (6) additional time and effort required for implementation of digital teaching. Our study shows that a switch to digital teaching and distance online examinations is feasible, but many problems were encountered concerning academic integrity and basic ethical principles still need to be solved. In order to investigate whether above mentioned issued could be solved one year after the transition to a digital semester, we conducted a second survey in which the 32 initially surveyed institutions were questioned again.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Egarter
- Institute for Communication and Assessment Research, Wieblinger Weg 92A, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Mutschler
- Institute for Communication and Assessment Research, Wieblinger Weg 92A, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Brass
- Institute for Communication and Assessment Research, Wieblinger Weg 92A, 69123 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Xiang D, Liang B, Wang Y, Li B, Peng J, Zhang S, Chen B, Yan C, Xu C. Factors Influencing Residents' Psychological Status During Standardized Training in COVID-19. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:737717. [PMID: 34867532 PMCID: PMC8635694 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the influencing factors of residents' psychological status during standardized training in COVID-19 for finding ways to promote their mental health. Methods: A total of 760 residents were surveyed with a structured questionnaire. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of psychological status of the residents, and a mediation model was constructed to verify the mediating role of satisfaction. Results: Age, willingness to study medicine, and satisfaction were positively correlated with negative psychological status (P < 0.05). And gender, only child or not, and annual household income (RMB) were negatively correlated with negative psychological status (P < 0.01). Residents' satisfaction with standardized training mode plays a complete mediating role between annual household income and negative psychological status. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the importance of concentrating on resident's psychological status and family economic situation. And relative departments should take action to optimize the standardized training mode to improve the satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bao Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuandong Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Natalia D, Syakurah RA. Mental health state in medical students during COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:208. [PMID: 34395645 PMCID: PMC8318147 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1296_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Before the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students had reported experiencing high rates of distress, burnout, anxiety, and depression. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 in the general population suggested that the mental health impact was increased anxiety, depression, and stress. There were no exceptions if medical students also experience the same psychological impact. The aimed to this study is analyze the mental and emotional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic among medical students. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational analytic study was used with a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained with questionnaires distributed through social media platforms from July 14, 2020, to July 21, 2020. This study using the Fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19) Scale and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 to assess FCV-19, anxiety, stress, and depression. statistical analysis used IBM SPSS Statistics 24 was used to analyze the two-tailed Chi-square test, the Mann-Whitney test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test, which were used with statistical significance as P < 0.05 for all tests. RESULTS Out of 1027 samples, 44.6% had stressed, 47.8% had anxiety, and 18.6% had depression. The gender (P = 0.000), educational stage (P = 0.000), and the comorbidity factor (P = 0.001 for stress and anxiety, P = 0.036 for depression, and P = 0.000 for FCV-19) had a significant association with stress, anxiety, depression, and FCV-19 in medical students. The hometown that showed zone risk of infection only showed significant differences in FCV-19 (P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Protection and psychological support for a medical student is extremely high importance given that COVID-19 is now a well-established pandemic and there will be other pandemics in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Natalia
- Medical Doctor Professional Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Rizma Adlia Syakurah
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University, Ogan Ilir, Indonesia
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Rizma Adlia Syakurah, MARS. Faculty of Public Health, Sriwijaya University, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM. 32 Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Freitas JF, Gonçalves Júnior J, Cândido EL. A Reflection on the Main Ethical Obstacles Related to the Strategic Action " O Brasil Conta Comigo". Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:619296. [PMID: 33643093 PMCID: PMC7907158 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.619296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jucycler Ferreira Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional Sustentável - PRODER, Universidade Federal Do Cariri (UFCA), Juazeiro Do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Estelita Lima Cândido
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional Sustentável - PRODER, Universidade Federal Do Cariri (UFCA), Juazeiro Do Norte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
López-Hernández LB, Díaz BG, Zamora González EO, Montes-Hernández KI, Tlali Díaz SS, Toledo-Lozano CG, Bustamante-Montes LP, Vázquez Cárdenas NA. Quality and Safety in Healthcare for Medical Students: Challenges and the Road Ahead. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040540. [PMID: 33291837 PMCID: PMC7768411 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The development of skills, behaviors and attitudes regarding patient safety is of utmost importance for promoting safety culture for the next generation of health professionals. This study describes our experience of implementing a course on patient safety and quality improvement for fourth year medical students in Mexico during the COVID-19 outbreak. The course comprised essential knowledge based on the patient safety curriculum provided by the WHO. We also explored perceptions and attitudes of students regarding patient safety. Methods: Fourth year medical students completed a questionnaire regarding knowledge, skills, and attitudes on patient safety and quality improvement in medical care. The questionnaire was voluntarily answered online prior to and after the course. Results: In total, 213 students completed the questionnaires. Most students were able to understand medical error, recognize failure and the nature of causation, perform root-cause analysis, and appreciate the role of patient safety interventions. Conversely, a disapproving perspective prevailed among students concerning the preventability of medical errors, utility of reporting systems, just culture and infrastructure (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We found students had a positive perspective concerning learning quality in healthcare and patient safety during our course; nevertheless, their perception of the usefulness of reporting systems to prevent future adverse events and prevent medical errors is uncomplimentary. Medical education should promote error reporting and just culture to change the current perception of medical students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luz Berenice López-Hernández
- Departamento de Calidad y Seguridad en la Atención Médica, Ciclo de vida, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Jalisco 45134, Mexico; (K.I.M.-H.); (S.S.T.D.); (L.P.B.-M.); (N.A.V.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | - Karen Itzel Montes-Hernández
- Departamento de Calidad y Seguridad en la Atención Médica, Ciclo de vida, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Jalisco 45134, Mexico; (K.I.M.-H.); (S.S.T.D.); (L.P.B.-M.); (N.A.V.C.)
| | - Stephanie Simone Tlali Díaz
- Departamento de Calidad y Seguridad en la Atención Médica, Ciclo de vida, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Jalisco 45134, Mexico; (K.I.M.-H.); (S.S.T.D.); (L.P.B.-M.); (N.A.V.C.)
| | | | - Lilia Patricia Bustamante-Montes
- Departamento de Calidad y Seguridad en la Atención Médica, Ciclo de vida, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Jalisco 45134, Mexico; (K.I.M.-H.); (S.S.T.D.); (L.P.B.-M.); (N.A.V.C.)
| | - Norma Alejandra Vázquez Cárdenas
- Departamento de Calidad y Seguridad en la Atención Médica, Ciclo de vida, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Jalisco 45134, Mexico; (K.I.M.-H.); (S.S.T.D.); (L.P.B.-M.); (N.A.V.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Dhahri AA, Arain SY, Memon AM, Rao A, Mian MA. "The psychological impact of COVID-19 on medical education of final year students in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study". Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 60:445-450. [PMID: 33251004 PMCID: PMC7683177 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a strong impact on students' wellbeing, with associated uncertainty about the future. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the psychological effects of COVID-19 on the medical education of final year students in Pakistan. Methods We conducted prospective, cross-sectional survey, as a snapshot, from June 07, 2020 till June 16, 2020, among final year medical and dental students. The 20-questions survey questionnaire was based on rating-scale items to focus on psychological symptoms, institutional preparedness for such crisis and confidence in becoming a future doctor. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Multivariate regression analysis. Results Majority of participants (n = 1753/2661, 65.9%) were female. Despite timely closure of institutes, delay in the start of the online teaching (beta coefficient 0.08, P-value 0.02) was significantly correlated with the depressive symptoms. A significant percentage of students (n = 1594, 59.9%) wanted a delay in exit exams due to intimidation. A similar proportion of students also lost confidence to be a competent doctor in future which was positively associated with male gender (beta coefficient 0.21, P-value < 0.001). Conclusion Our study shows that COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant psychological influence on the medical education of final year students. Despite a stressful crisis, final year medical and dental students are still willing to serve the community. In addition to supporting their emotions and psychological wellbeing, stress counselling, and transforming current medical curricula is crucial to pursue ceaseless medical education and to become a safe future doctor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ahsan Rao
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
126
|
Wozniak AM, Rallis KS. Incorporating teleoncology practices in the undergraduate medical curriculum. Future Oncol 2020; 17:7-9. [PMID: 33131323 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Wozniak
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BE, UK.,Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AD, UK
| | - Kathrine Sofia Rallis
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BE, UK.,Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AD, UK
| |
Collapse
|