101
|
Maron BA, Abman SH. Translational Advances in the Field of Pulmonary Hypertension. Focusing on Developmental Origins and Disease Inception for the Prevention of Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:292-301. [PMID: 27854133 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0882pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley A Maron
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Department of Cardiology, Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Steven H Abman
- 3 Section of Pulmonary Medicine and.,4 Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Center and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
You B, Liu Y, Chen J, Huang X, Peng H, Liu Z, Tang Y, Zhang K, Xu Q, Li X, Cheng G, Shi R, Zhang G. Vascular peroxidase 1 mediates hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance and migration. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 114:188-199. [PMID: 29186367 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play essential roles in the pulmonary vascular remodelling associated with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). Vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) is a newly identified haeme-containing peroxidase that accelerates oxidative stress development in the vasculature. This study aimed to determine the potential role of VPO1 in hypoxia-induced PH-related vascular remodelling.
Methods and results
The vascular morphology and VPO1 expression were assessed in the pulmonary arteries of Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (NOX4) and VPO1 expression and HOCl production were significantly increased in hypoxic rats, which also exhibited obvious vascular remodelling. Furthermore, a hypoxia-induced PH model was generated by exposing primary rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) to hypoxic conditions (3% O2, 48 h), which significantly increased the expression of NOX4 and VPO1 and the production of HOCl. These hypoxic changes were accompanied by enhanced proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and migration. In PASMCs, hypoxia-induced changes, including effects on the expression of cell cycle regulators (cyclin B1 and cyclin D1), apoptosis-related proteins (bax, bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3), migration promoters (matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9), and NF-κB expression, as well as the production of HOCl, were all inhibited by silencing VPO1 with small interfering RNAs. Moreover, treatment with HOCl under hypoxic conditions upregulated NF-κB expression and enhanced proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and migration in PASMCs, whereas BAY 11-7082 (an inhibitor of NF-κB) significantly inhibited these effects.
Conclusion
Collectively, these results demonstrate that VPO1 promotes hypoxia-induced proliferation, apoptosis resistance, and migration in PASMCs via the NOX4/VPO1/HOCl/NF-κB signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baiyang You
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Humanistic Nursing, Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huihui Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoya Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yixin Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangjie Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ruizheng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Al-Owais MM, Hettiarachchi NT, Boyle JP, Scragg JL, Elies J, Dallas ML, Lippiat JD, Steele DS, Peers C. Multiple mechanisms mediating carbon monoxide inhibition of the voltage-gated K + channel Kv1.5. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3163. [PMID: 29095440 PMCID: PMC5775415 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The voltage-gated K+ channel has key roles in the vasculature and in atrial excitability and contributes to apoptosis in various tissues. In this study, we have explored its regulation by carbon monoxide (CO), a product of the cytoprotective heme oxygenase enzymes, and a recognized toxin. CO inhibited recombinant Kv1.5 expressed in HEK293 cells in a concentration-dependent manner that involved multiple signalling pathways. CO inhibition was partially reversed by superoxide dismutase mimetics and by suppression of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. CO also elevated intracellular nitric oxide (NO) levels. Prevention of NO formation also partially reversed CO inhibition of Kv1.5, as did inhibition of soluble guanylyl cyclase. CO also elevated intracellular peroxynitrite levels, and a peroxynitrite scavenger markedly attenuated the ability of CO to inhibit Kv1.5. CO caused nitrosylation of Kv1.5, an effect that was also observed in C331A and C346A mutant forms of the channel, which had previously been suggested as nitrosylation sites within Kv1.5. Augmentation of Kv1.5 via exposure to hydrogen peroxide was fully reversed by CO. Native Kv1.5 recorded in HL-1 murine atrial cells was also inhibited by CO. Action potentials recorded in HL-1 cells were increased in amplitude and duration by CO, an effect mimicked and occluded by pharmacological inhibition of Kv1.5. Our data indicate that Kv1.5 is a target for modulation by CO via multiple mechanisms. This regulation has important implications for diverse cellular functions, including excitability, contractility and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moza M Al-Owais
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Nishani T Hettiarachchi
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - John P Boyle
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jason L Scragg
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jacobo Elies
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Mark L Dallas
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jon D Lippiat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Derek S Steele
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Chris Peers
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, LICAMM, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
On the Origin of Superoxide Dismutase: An Evolutionary Perspective of Superoxide-Mediated Redox Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6040082. [PMID: 29084153 PMCID: PMC5745492 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of free radical biology originated with the discovery of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in 1969. Over the last 5 decades, a plethora of research has been performed in species ranging from bacteria to mammals that has elucidated the molecular reaction, subcellular location, and specific isoforms of SOD. However, while humans have only begun to study this class of enzymes over the past 50 years, it has been estimated that these enzymes have existed for billions of years, and may be some of the original enzymes found in primitive life. As life evolved over this expanse of time, these enzymes have taken on new and different functional roles potentially in contrast to how they were originally derived. Herein, examination of the evolutionary history of these enzymes provides both an explanation and further inquiries into the modern-day role of SOD in physiology and disease.
Collapse
|
105
|
Hu F, Liu C, Liu H, Xie L, Yu L. Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) Protein Signaling Participates in Development of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:4391-4400. [PMID: 28894083 PMCID: PMC5606263 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies revealed physiological and pathogenetic similarity between vascular smooth muscles cells with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and tumors. The DNA damage response was found in both pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) cells and tumors. The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated proteins (ATM) pathway is considered an important factor in the DNA damage response of tumor formation, but its function in the development of PAH remains unknown. Material/Methods The Sprague-Dawley rat PAH model was established. Three weeks (Group M1), 5 weeks (Group M2), and 7 weeks (Group M3) after drug injection, pulmonary expression of ATM, Checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2), P53, and P21 were measured. A section of the lungs from Group M2 was used for pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscles cells (PA-SMCs) isolation and culture. The effect of KU60019 in the proliferation and apoptosis of primary cultured rat PA-SMCs was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), respectively. Results Immunohistochemistry results show that the expression of ATM, Chk2, and P21 increased in Groups M1 and M2, and decreased in Group M3. Additionally, expression of P53 increased in Group M1, and decreased in Groups M2 and M3. RT-PCR and Western blotting demonstrated that in Groups M1 and M2, the expression of ATM, Chk2, P53, and P21 increased, whereas it decreased in Group M3. In cell culture, 0.3 μM and 0.5 μM KU60019 increased the growth of PA-SMCs, and 0.5 μM KU60019 reduced cell apoptosis. Conclusions Expression of the ATM-Chk2 pathway increased in early stages of PAH formation, but decreased in late stages. In primary cultured PA-SMCs, KU60019 increased cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Caijun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Hanmin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
|
107
|
Hong Z, Chen KH, DasGupta A, Potus F, Dunham-Snary K, Bonnet S, Tian L, Fu J, Breuils-Bonnet S, Provencher S, Wu D, Mewburn J, Ormiston ML, Archer SL. MicroRNA-138 and MicroRNA-25 Down-regulate Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter, Causing the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Cancer Phenotype. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:515-529. [PMID: 27648837 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0814oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an obstructive vasculopathy characterized by excessive pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation, migration, and apoptosis resistance. This cancer-like phenotype is promoted by increased cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]cyto), aerobic glycolysis, and mitochondrial fission. OBJECTIVES To determine how changes in mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex (MCUC) function influence mitochondrial dynamics and contribute to PAH's cancer-like phenotype. METHODS PASMCs were isolated from patients with PAH and healthy control subjects and assessed for expression of MCUC subunits. Manipulation of the pore-forming subunit, MCU, in PASMCs was achieved through small interfering RNA knockdown or MCU plasmid-mediated up-regulation, as well as through modulation of the upstream microRNAs (miRs) miR-138 and miR-25. In vivo, nebulized anti-miRs were administered to rats with monocrotaline-induced PAH. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Impaired MCUC function, resulting from down-regulation of MCU and up-regulation of an inhibitory subunit, mitochondrial calcium uptake protein 1, is central to PAH's pathogenesis. MCUC dysfunction decreases intramitochondrial calcium ([Ca2+]mito), inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and glucose oxidation, while increasing [Ca2+]cyto, promoting proliferation, migration, and fission. In PAH PASMCs, increasing MCU decreases cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis resistance by lowering [Ca2+]cyto, raising [Ca2+]mito, and inhibiting fission. In normal PASMCs, MCUC inhibition recapitulates the PAH phenotype. In PAH, elevated miRs (notably miR-138) down-regulate MCU directly and also by decreasing MCU's transcriptional regulator cAMP response element-binding protein 1. Nebulized anti-miRs against miR-25 and miR-138 restore MCU expression, reduce cell proliferation, and regress established PAH in the monocrotaline model. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight miR-mediated MCUC dysfunction as a unifying mechanism in PAH that can be therapeutically targeted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Hong
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Kuang-Hueih Chen
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Asish DasGupta
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Francois Potus
- 2 Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group of the University Cardiology and Pulmonary Institute of the Quebec Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sebastien Bonnet
- 2 Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group of the University Cardiology and Pulmonary Institute of the Quebec Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lian Tian
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Jennifer Fu
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Sandra Breuils-Bonnet
- 2 Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group of the University Cardiology and Pulmonary Institute of the Quebec Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- 2 Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group of the University Cardiology and Pulmonary Institute of the Quebec Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danchen Wu
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Jeffrey Mewburn
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Mark L Ormiston
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Stephen L Archer
- 1 Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Skrzycki M, Czeczot H, Mielczarek-Puta M, Otto-Ślusarczyk D, Graboń W. Effect of different concentrations of oxygen on expression of sigma 1 receptor and superoxide dismutases in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2017; 37:252-258. [PMID: 27829319 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2016.1217882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Tumor cells due to distance from capillary vessels exist in different oxygenation conditions (anoxia, hypoxia, normoxia). Changes in cell oxygenation lead to reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress. Sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R) is postulated to be stress responding agent and superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and SOD2) are key antioxidant enzymes. It is possible that they participate in tumor cells adaptation to different concentrations of oxygen. OBJECTIVE Evaluation of Sig1R, SOD1, and SOD2 expression in different concentrations of oxygen (1%, 10%, 21%) in colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS SW480 (primary adenocarcinoma) and SW620 (metastatic) cell lines were cultured in standard conditions in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium for 5 days, and next cultured in Hypoxic Chamber in 1% O2, 10% O2, 21% O2. Number of living cells was determined by trypan blue assay. Level of mRNA for Sig1R, SOD1, and SOD2 was determined by standard PCR method. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistica 10.1 software. RESULTS We observed significant changes in expression of Sig1R, SOD1, SOD2 due to different oxygen concentrations. ANOVA analysis revealed significant interactions between studied parameters mainly in hypoxia conditions in SW480 cells and between Sig1R and SOD2 in SW620 cells. It also showed that changes in expression of studied proteins depend significantly on type of the cell line. CONCLUSION Changes of Sig1R and SOD2 expression point to mitochondria as main organelle responsible for survival of tumor cells exposed to hypoxia or oxidative stress. Studied proteins are involved in intracellular response to stress related with different concentrations of oxygen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Skrzycki
- a Department of Biochemistry , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Hanna Czeczot
- a Department of Biochemistry , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | | | | | - Wojciech Graboń
- a Department of Biochemistry , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Thin Air Resulting in High Pressure: Mountain Sickness and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. Can Respir J 2017; 2017:8381653. [PMID: 28522921 PMCID: PMC5385916 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8381653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
With rising altitude the partial pressure of oxygen falls. This phenomenon leads to hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude. Since more than 140 million people permanently live at heights above 2500 m and more than 35 million travel to these heights each year, understanding the mechanisms resulting in acute or chronic maladaptation of the human body to these circumstances is crucial. This review summarizes current knowledge of the body's acute response to these circumstances, possible complications and their treatment, and health care issues resulting from long-term exposure to high altitude. It furthermore describes the characteristic mechanisms of adaptation to life in hypobaric hypoxia expressed by the three major ethnic groups permanently dwelling at high altitude. We additionally summarize current knowledge regarding possible treatment options for hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension by reviewing in vitro, rodent, and human studies in this area of research.
Collapse
|
110
|
Pan M, Han Y, Si R, Guo R, Desai A, Makino A. Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in type 2 diabetic mice. Pulm Circ 2017; 7:175-185. [PMID: 28680577 PMCID: PMC5448524 DOI: 10.1086/690206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a progressive disease that is mainly caused by chronic exposure to high altitude, chronic obstructive lung disease, and obstructive sleep apnea. The increased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased pulmonary arterial pressure result in increased right ventricular afterload, leading to right heart failure and increased morbidity. There are several clinical reports suggesting a link between PH and diabetes, insulin resistance, or obesity; however, it is unclear whether HPH is associated with diabetes as a progressive complication in diabetes. The major goal of this study is to examine the effect of diabetic "preconditioning" or priming effect on the progression of HPH and define the molecular mechanisms that explain the link between diabetes and HPH. Our data show that HPH is significantly enhanced in diabetic mice, while endothelium-dependent relaxation in pulmonary arteries is significantly attenuated in chronically hypoxic diabetic mice (DH). In addition, we demonstrate that mouse pulmonary endothelial cells (MPECs) isolated from DH mice exhibit a significant increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration and decreased SOD2 protein expression. Finally, scavenging mitochondrial ROS by mitoTempol restores endothelium-dependent relaxation in pulmonary arteries that is attenuated in DH mice. These data suggest that excessive mitochondrial ROS production in diabetic MPECs leads to the development of severe HPH in diabetic mice exposed to hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minglin Pan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rui Si
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ankit Desai
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Pullamsetti SS, Savai R, Seeger W, Goncharova EA. Translational Advances in the Field of Pulmonary Hypertension. From Cancer Biology to New Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Therapeutics. Targeting Cell Growth and Proliferation Signaling Hubs. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:425-437. [PMID: 27627135 PMCID: PMC5803657 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201606-1226pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
- Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
- Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
- Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Elena A. Goncharova
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Changes in gene expression profiles in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with scleroderma treated with tadalafil. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2017; 46:465-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2016.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
113
|
Maarman GJ. Editorial commentary: "Discovery of a Murine Model of clinical pulmonary arterial hypertension: Mission impossible?" by Dai and Zhao. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2017; 27:237-238. [PMID: 28189476 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Maarman
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Disease in Africa (HICRA), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Chris Barnard Building, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, South Africa; Division of Exercise Science & Sports Medicine (ESSM), Department of Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Boundary Road, Newlands, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Lu G, Xu C, Tang K, Zhang J, Li Q, Peng L, Wang Y, Huang Z, Gao X. H 2 S inhibits angiotensin II-induced atrial Kv1.5 upregulation by attenuating Nox4-mediated ROS generation during atrial fibrillation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 483:534-540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
115
|
Dunham-Snary KJ, Wu D, Sykes EA, Thakrar A, Parlow LRG, Mewburn JD, Parlow JL, Archer SL. Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction: From Molecular Mechanisms to Medicine. Chest 2017; 151:181-192. [PMID: 27645688 PMCID: PMC5310129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is a homeostatic mechanism that is intrinsic to the pulmonary vasculature. Intrapulmonary arteries constrict in response to alveolar hypoxia, diverting blood to better-oxygenated lung segments, thereby optimizing ventilation/perfusion matching and systemic oxygen delivery. In response to alveolar hypoxia, a mitochondrial sensor dynamically changes reactive oxygen species and redox couples in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC). This inhibits potassium channels, depolarizes PASMC, activates voltage-gated calcium channels, and increases cytosolic calcium, causing vasoconstriction. Sustained hypoxia activates rho kinase, reinforcing vasoconstriction, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, leading to adverse pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension (PH). In the nonventilated fetal lung, HPV diverts blood to the systemic vasculature. After birth, HPV commonly occurs as a localized homeostatic response to focal pneumonia or atelectasis, which optimizes systemic Po2 without altering pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). In single-lung anesthesia, HPV reduces blood flow to the nonventilated lung, thereby facilitating thoracic surgery. At altitude, global hypoxia causes diffuse HPV, increases PAP, and initiates PH. Exaggerated or heterogeneous HPV contributes to high-altitude pulmonary edema. Conversely, impaired HPV, whether due to disease (eg, COPD, sepsis) or vasodilator drugs, promotes systemic hypoxemia. Genetic and epigenetic abnormalities of this oxygen-sensing pathway can trigger normoxic activation of HIF-1α and can promote abnormal metabolism and cell proliferation. The resulting pseudohypoxic state underlies the Warburg metabolic shift and contributes to the neoplasia-like phenotype of PH. HPV and oxygen sensing are important in human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Edward A Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Amar Thakrar
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Leah R G Parlow
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Joel L Parlow
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Suppression of Kv1.5 protects against endothelial apoptosis induced by palmitate and in type 2 diabetes mice. Life Sci 2017; 168:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
117
|
Beharry KD, Cai CL, Valencia GB, Valencia AM, Lazzaro DR, Bany-Mohammed F, Aranda JV. Neonatal Intermittent Hypoxia, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (APEX, N.C.) 2017; 3:12-25. [PMID: 29951586 DOI: 10.20455/ros.2017.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most of the major morbidities in the preterm newborn are caused by or are associated with oxygen-induced injuries and are aptly called "oxygen radical diseases in neonatology or ORDIN". These include bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, periventricular leukomalacia, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis and others. Relative hyperoxia immediately after birth, immature antioxidant systems, biomolecular events favoring oxidative stress such as iron availability and the role of hydrogen peroxide as a key molecular mediator of these events are reviewed. Potential therapeutic strategies such as caffeine, antioxidants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and others targeted to these critical sites may help prevent oxidative radical diseases in the newborn resulting in improved neonatal outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kay D Beharry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, NY 10075, USA
| | - Charles L Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Gloria B Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Arwin M Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Summerlin Hospital Medical Center, Valley Healthcare System, Las Vegas, NV 89135, USA
| | - Douglas R Lazzaro
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, NY 10075, USA
| | - Fayez Bany-Mohammed
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.,State University of New York Eye Institute, New York, NY 10075, USA
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Redox Regulation of the Superoxide Dismutases SOD3 and SOD2 in the Pulmonary Circulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:57-70. [PMID: 29047081 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
When evaluating the role of redox-regulating signaling in pulmonary vascular diseases, it is intriguing to consider the modulation of key antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) because SOD isoforms are regulated by redox reactions, and, in turn, modulate downstream redox sensitive processes. The emerging field of redox biology is built upon understanding the regulation and consequences of tightly controlled and specific reduction-oxidation reactions that are critical for diverse cellular processes including cell signaling. Of relevance, both the site of production of specific reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the site of the antioxidant defenses are highly compartmentalized within the cell. For example, superoxide is generated during oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria as well as by a number of enzymatic sources within the cytosol and at the cell membrane. In the pulmonary circulation, these sources include the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NADPH oxidases (NOX1-4, Duox1,2), nitric oxide synthases, and xanthine oxidase; this important topic has been thoroughly reviewed recently [1]. In parallel with these different cellular sites of superoxide production, the three SOD isoforms are also specifically localized to the cytosol (SOD1), mitochondria (SOD2) or extracellular compartment (SOD3). This chapter focuses on the role of redox mechanisms regulating SOD2 and SOD3, with an emphasis on these processes in the setting of pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
|
119
|
5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 located on the mitochondrial membrane and functionally regulated mitochondrial functions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37336. [PMID: 27874067 PMCID: PMC5118798 DOI: 10.1038/srep37336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
5-HT has been reported to possess significant effects on cardiac activities, but activation of 5-HTR on the cell membrane failed to illustrate the controversial cardiac reaction. Because 5-HT constantly comes across the cell membrane via 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) into the cytoplasm, whether 5-HTR is functional present on the cellular organelles is unknown. Here we show 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 were located in cardiac mitochondria, and regulated mitochondrial activities and cellular functions. Knock down 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 in neonatal cardiomyocytes resulted in significant increase of cell damage in response to hypoxia, and also led to alternation in heart beating. Activation of 5-HTR4 attenuated mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake under the both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, whereas 5-HTR3 augmented Ca2+ uptake only under hypoxia. 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 exerted the opposite effects on the mitochondrial respiration: 5-HTR3 increased RCR (respiration control ratio), but 5-HTR4 reduced RCR. Moreover, activation of 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4 both significantly inhibited the opening of mPTP. Our results provided the first evidence that 5-HTR as a GPCR and an ion channel, functionally expressed in mitochondria and participated in the mitochondria function and regulation to maintain homeostasis of mitochondrial [Ca2+], ROS, and ATP generation efficiency in cardiomyocytes in response to stress and O2 tension.
Collapse
|
120
|
Ruffenach G, Chabot S, Tanguay VF, Courboulin A, Boucherat O, Potus F, Meloche J, Pflieger A, Breuils-Bonnet S, Nadeau V, Paradis R, Tremblay E, Girerd B, Hautefort A, Montani D, Fadel E, Dorfmuller P, Humbert M, Perros F, Paulin R, Provencher S, Bonnet S. Role for Runt-related Transcription Factor 2 in Proliferative and Calcified Vascular Lesions in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 194:1273-1285. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201512-2380oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
121
|
Boehme J, Sun X, Tormos KV, Gong W, Kellner M, Datar SA, Kameny RJ, Yuan JXJ, Raff GW, Fineman JR, Black SM, Maltepe E. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell hyperproliferation and metabolic shift triggered by pulmonary overcirculation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H944-H957. [PMID: 27591215 PMCID: PMC5114466 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00040.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular cell hyperproliferation and metabolic reprogramming contribute to the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). An important cause of PAH in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) is increased pulmonary blood flow (PBF). To better characterize this disease course we studied early changes in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation and metabolism using a unique ovine model of pulmonary overcirculation. Consistent with PAH in adults, PASMCs derived from 4-wk-old lambs exposed to increased PBF (shunt) exhibited increased rates of proliferation. While shunt PASMCs also exhibited significant decreases in mitochondrial oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle function, suggesting a switch to Warburg metabolism as observed in advanced PAH in adults, they unexpectedly demonstrated decreased glycolytic lactate production, likely due to enhanced flux through the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). This may be a response to the marked increase in NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity and decreased NADPH/NADP+ ratios observed in shunt PASMCs. Consistent with these findings, pharmacological inhibition of Nox activity preferentially slowed the growth of shunt PASMCs in vitro. Our results therefore indicate that PASMC hyperproliferation is observed early in the setting of pulmonary overcirculation and is accompanied by a unique metabolic profile that is independent of HIF-1α, PDHK1, or increased glycolytic flux. Our results also suggest that Nox inhibition may help prevent pulmonary overcirculation-induced PAH in children born with CHD.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
- Flow Cytometry
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Glycolysis
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
- Metabolomics
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- NADPH Oxidases/metabolism
- Oxygen Consumption
- Pentose Phosphate Pathway
- Pulmonary Artery/cytology
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Circulation
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Sheep
- Sheep, Domestic
- Superoxides/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Boehme
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Xutong Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Kathryn V Tormos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Wenhui Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Manuela Kellner
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Sanjeev A Datar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rebecca Johnson Kameny
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Gary W Raff
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Emin Maltepe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California;
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Veith C, Kraut S, Wilhelm J, Sommer N, Quanz K, Seeger W, Brandes RP, Weissmann N, Schröder K. NADPH oxidase 4 is not involved in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2016; 6:397-400. [PMID: 27683617 DOI: 10.1086/687756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Veith
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Giessen, Germany
| | - S Kraut
- UGMLC, member of the DZL, ECCPS, Giessen, Germany
| | - J Wilhelm
- UGMLC, member of the DZL, ECCPS, Giessen, Germany
| | - N Sommer
- UGMLC, member of the DZL, ECCPS, Giessen, Germany
| | - K Quanz
- UGMLC, member of the DZL, ECCPS, Giessen, Germany
| | - W Seeger
- UGMLC, member of the DZL, ECCPS, Giessen, Germany
| | - R P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, ECCPS, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N Weissmann
- UGMLC, member of the DZL, ECCPS, Giessen, Germany
| | - K Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, ECCPS, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Aravamudan B, Thompson M, Sieck GC, Vassallo R, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Functional Effects of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Changes in Airway Smooth Muscle Mitochondrial Morphology. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1053-1068. [PMID: 27474898 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) triggers airway hyperreactivity and remodeling, effects that involve airway smooth muscle (ASM). We previously showed that CS destabilizes the networked morphology of mitochondria in human ASM by regulating the expression of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins via multiple signaling mechanisms. Emerging data link regulation of mitochondrial morphology to cellular structure and function. We hypothesized that CS-induced changes in ASM mitochondrial morphology detrimentally affect mitochondrial function, leading to CS effects on contractility and remodeling. Here, ASM cells were exposed to 1% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 48 h to alter mitochondrial fission/fusion, or by inhibiting the fission protein Drp1 or the fusion protein Mfn2. Mitochondrial function was assessed via changes in bioenergetics or altered rates of proliferation and apoptosis. Our results indicate that both exposure to CS and inhibition of mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins affect mitochondrial function (i.e., energy metabolism, proliferation, and apoptosis) in ASM cells. In vivo, the airways in mice chronically exposed to CS are thickened and fibrotic, and the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial function is dramatically altered in the ASM of these mice. We conclude that CS-induced changes in mitochondrial morphology (fission/fusion balance) correlate with mitochondrial function, and thus may control ASM proliferation, which plays a central role in airway health. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1053-1068, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharathi Aravamudan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Michael Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gary C Sieck
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert Vassallo
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Bertero T, Oldham WM, Cottrill KA, Pisano S, Vanderpool RR, Yu Q, Zhao J, Tai Y, Tang Y, Zhang YY, Rehman S, Sugahara M, Qi Z, Gorcsan J, Vargas SO, Saggar R, Saggar R, Wallace WD, Ross DJ, Haley KJ, Waxman AB, Parikh VN, De Marco T, Hsue PY, Morris A, Simon MA, Norris KA, Gaggioli C, Loscalzo J, Fessel J, Chan SY. Vascular stiffness mechanoactivates YAP/TAZ-dependent glutaminolysis to drive pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3313-35. [PMID: 27548520 DOI: 10.1172/jci86387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of vascular stiffness and cellular metabolism occurs early in pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the mechanisms by which biophysical properties of the vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) relate to metabolic processes important in PH remain undefined. In this work, we examined cultured pulmonary vascular cells and various types of PH-diseased lung tissue and determined that ECM stiffening resulted in mechanoactivation of the transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ (WWTR1). YAP/TAZ activation modulated metabolic enzymes, including glutaminase (GLS1), to coordinate glutaminolysis and glycolysis. Glutaminolysis, an anaplerotic pathway, replenished aspartate for anabolic biosynthesis, which was critical for sustaining proliferation and migration within stiff ECM. In vitro, GLS1 inhibition blocked aspartate production and reprogrammed cellular proliferation pathways, while application of aspartate restored proliferation. In the monocrotaline rat model of PH, pharmacologic modulation of pulmonary vascular stiffness and YAP-dependent mechanotransduction altered glutaminolysis, pulmonary vascular proliferation, and manifestations of PH. Additionally, pharmacologic targeting of GLS1 in this model ameliorated disease progression. Notably, evaluation of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected nonhuman primates and HIV-infected subjects revealed a correlation between YAP/TAZ-GLS activation and PH. These results indicate that ECM stiffening sustains vascular cell growth and migration through YAP/TAZ-dependent glutaminolysis and anaplerosis, and thereby link mechanical stimuli to dysregulated vascular metabolism. Furthermore, this study identifies potential metabolic drug targets for therapeutic development in PH.
Collapse
|
125
|
Rowlands DJ. Mitochondria dysfunction: A novel therapeutic target in pathological lung remodeling or bystander? Pharmacol Ther 2016; 166:96-105. [PMID: 27373853 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The renascence in mitochondrial research has fueled breakthroughs in our understanding of mitochondrial biology identifying major roles in biological processes ranging from cellular oxygen sensing and regulation of intracellular calcium levels through to initiation of apoptosis or a shift in cell phenotype. Chronic respiratory diseases are no exception to the resurgent interest in mitochondrial biology. Microscopic observations of lungs from patients with chronic respiratory diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension, asthma and COPD show accumulation of dysmorphic mitochondria and provide the first evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in diseased lungs. Recent mechanistic insights have established links between mitochondrial dysfunction or aberrant biogenesis and the pathogenesis of chronic respiratory diseases through playing a causative role in structural remodeling of the lung. The aim here is to discuss the case for a mitochondrial basis of lung remodeling in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. The present article will focus on the question of whether currently available data supports mitochondrial mechanisms as a viable point of therapeutic intervention in respiratory diseases and suggestions for future avenues of research in this rapidly evolving field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Rowlands
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Gutterman DD, Chabowski DS, Kadlec AO, Durand MJ, Freed JK, Ait-Aissa K, Beyer AM. The Human Microcirculation: Regulation of Flow and Beyond. Circ Res 2016; 118:157-72. [PMID: 26837746 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.305364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The microcirculation is responsible for orchestrating adjustments in vascular tone to match local tissue perfusion with oxygen demand. Beyond this metabolic dilation, the microvasculature plays a critical role in modulating vascular tone by endothelial release of an unusually diverse family of compounds including nitric oxide, other reactive oxygen species, and arachidonic acid metabolites. Animal models have provided excellent insight into mechanisms of vasoregulation in health and disease. However, there are unique aspects of the human microcirculation that serve as the focus of this review. The concept is put forth that vasculoparenchymal communication is multimodal, with vascular release of nitric oxide eliciting dilation and preserving normal parenchymal function by inhibiting inflammation and proliferation. Likewise, in disease or stress, endothelial release of reactive oxygen species mediates both dilation and parenchymal inflammation leading to cellular dysfunction, thrombosis, and fibrosis. Some pathways responsible for this stress-induced shift in mediator of vasodilation are proposed. This paradigm may help explain why microvascular dysfunction is such a powerful predictor of cardiovascular events and help identify new approaches to treatment and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David D Gutterman
- From the Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A., M.J.D.), Departments of Medicine (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.S.C., J.K.F.), Physiology (A.M.B., A.O.K.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.J.D.), and Anesthesiology (J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
| | - Dawid S Chabowski
- From the Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A., M.J.D.), Departments of Medicine (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.S.C., J.K.F.), Physiology (A.M.B., A.O.K.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.J.D.), and Anesthesiology (J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Andrew O Kadlec
- From the Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A., M.J.D.), Departments of Medicine (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.S.C., J.K.F.), Physiology (A.M.B., A.O.K.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.J.D.), and Anesthesiology (J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Matthew J Durand
- From the Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A., M.J.D.), Departments of Medicine (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.S.C., J.K.F.), Physiology (A.M.B., A.O.K.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.J.D.), and Anesthesiology (J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Julie K Freed
- From the Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A., M.J.D.), Departments of Medicine (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.S.C., J.K.F.), Physiology (A.M.B., A.O.K.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.J.D.), and Anesthesiology (J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Karima Ait-Aissa
- From the Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A., M.J.D.), Departments of Medicine (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.S.C., J.K.F.), Physiology (A.M.B., A.O.K.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.J.D.), and Anesthesiology (J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Andreas M Beyer
- From the Cardiovascular Center (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A., M.J.D.), Departments of Medicine (A.M.B., A.O.K., D.D.G., D.S.C., J.K.F., K.A.-A.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.S.C., J.K.F.), Physiology (A.M.B., A.O.K.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (M.J.D.), and Anesthesiology (J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Wolin MS, Patel D, Alhawaj R, Gupte SA, Sun D. Iron Metabolism and Vascular Remodeling: Novel Insights Provided by Transferrin-1 Receptor Depletion in Mice With Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:676-8. [PMID: 26541568 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Wolin
- Department of Physiology, Translational Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA;
| | - Dhara Patel
- Department of Physiology, Translational Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Raed Alhawaj
- Department of Physiology, Translational Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, Translational Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Translational Center for Pulmonary Hypertension, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Wu D, Archer SL. Pulmonary hypertension begets pulmonary hypertension: mutually reinforcing roles for haemodynamics, inflammation, and cancer-like phenotypes. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 111:1-4. [PMID: 27216865 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Leopold JA, Maron BA. Molecular Mechanisms of Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050761. [PMID: 27213345 PMCID: PMC4881582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease that is precipitated by hypertrophic pulmonary vascular remodeling of distal arterioles to increase pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance in the absence of left heart, lung parenchymal, or thromboembolic disease. Despite available medical therapy, pulmonary artery remodeling and its attendant hemodynamic consequences result in right ventricular dysfunction, failure, and early death. To limit morbidity and mortality, attention has focused on identifying the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant pulmonary artery remodeling to identify pathways for intervention. While there is a well-recognized heritable genetic component to PAH, there is also evidence of other genetic perturbations, including pulmonary vascular cell DNA damage, activation of the DNA damage response, and variations in microRNA expression. These findings likely contribute, in part, to dysregulation of proliferation and apoptosis signaling pathways akin to what is observed in cancer; changes in cellular metabolism, metabolic flux, and mitochondrial function; and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition as key signaling pathways that promote pulmonary vascular remodeling. This review will highlight recent advances in the field with an emphasis on the aforementioned molecular mechanisms as contributors to the pulmonary vascular disease pathophenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane A Leopold
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Bradley A Maron
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02132, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Abstract
The circulation of the lung is unique both in volume and function. For example, it is the only organ with two circulations: the pulmonary circulation, the main function of which is gas exchange, and the bronchial circulation, a systemic vascular supply that provides oxygenated blood to the walls of the conducting airways, pulmonary arteries and veins. The pulmonary circulation accommodates the entire cardiac output, maintaining high blood flow at low intravascular arterial pressure. As compared with the systemic circulation, pulmonary arteries have thinner walls with much less vascular smooth muscle and a relative lack of basal tone. Factors controlling pulmonary blood flow include vascular structure, gravity, mechanical effects of breathing, and the influence of neural and humoral factors. Pulmonary vascular tone is also altered by hypoxia, which causes pulmonary vasoconstriction. If the hypoxic stimulus persists for a prolonged period, contraction is accompanied by remodeling of the vasculature, resulting in pulmonary hypertension. In addition, genetic and environmental factors can also confer susceptibility to development of pulmonary hypertension. Under normal conditions, the endothelium forms a tight barrier, actively regulating interstitial fluid homeostasis. Infection and inflammation compromise normal barrier homeostasis, resulting in increased permeability and edema formation. This article focuses on reviewing the basics of the lung circulation (pulmonary and bronchial), normal development and transition at birth and vasoregulation. Mechanisms contributing to pathological conditions in the pulmonary circulation, in particular when barrier function is disrupted and during development of pulmonary hypertension, will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Suresh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Larissa A. Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Zhang S, Liu B, Fan Z, Wang D, Liu Y, Li J, Wang N, Liu Y, Zhang B. Targeted inhibition of survivin with YM155 promotes apoptosis of hypoxic human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells via the upregulation of voltage-dependent K⁺ channels. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3415-22. [PMID: 26957114 PMCID: PMC4805101 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common disease characterized by a disturbance to the balance of apoptosis and cell proliferation in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). The anti-apoptotic protein, survivin, has been observed to be upregulated in pulmonary arteries (PAs) of chronic hypoxia-induced PH rats. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of sepantronium bromide (YM155), a selective survivin inhibitor, on hypoxic human PASMCs and examine the potential underlying mechanisms. Cultured human PASMCs (HPASMCs) were randomly divided into the following groups: i) Normoxia (N); ii) normoxia + 100 nmol/l YM155 (NY100); iii) hypoxia (H); iv) hypoxia + 1 nmol/l YM155 (HY1); v) hypoxia + 10 nmol/l YM155 (HY10); and hypoxia + 100 nmol/l YM155 (HY100) groups. The cells were exposed to the different conditions for 24 h, according to the group. Cell viability was then determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and apoptosis was detected using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling assay. The expression levels of survivin were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), immunocytochemistry and Western blot analyses. The expression levels of the voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels, Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, were measured using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Cell proliferation in the hypoxic PASMCs was significantly increased by hypoxia, however, apoptosis of the HPASMCs was suppressed, the expression of survivin were upregulated and the expression levels of Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 were downregulated. YM155 treatment ameliorated the hypoxia-induced increase in cell proliferation and expression of survivin in a concentration-dependent manner, increased apoptosis, and increased the expression levels of Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 (P<0.05). By contrast, YM155 treatment in normoxic HPASMCs had no significant effects on proliferation, apop-tosis, or the expression levels of survivin and Kv channels in the PASMCs. The present study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to demonstrate that YM155, a selective survivin inhibitor, has a beneficial therapeutic effect on hypoxic HPASMCs, and that YM155 induces a pro-apoptotic effect by downregulating the apoptosis inhibitor, survivin, possibly through a Kv channel-mediated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Zaiwen Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, General Hospital of PLA Air Force, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Ghorbel I, Khemakhem M, Boudawara O, Marrekchi R, Jamoussi K, Ben Amar R, Boudawara T, Zeghal N, Grati Kamoun N. Effects of dietary extra virgin olive oil and its fractions on antioxidant status and DNA damage in the heart of rats co-exposed to aluminum and acrylamide. Food Funct 2016. [PMID: 26215160 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00342c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress generated by an excessive production of free radicals has been linked to the development of several health problems such as cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the protective efficacy of Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and its lipophilic fraction (OOLF) and hydrophilic fraction (OOHF) against the cardiotoxicity and DNA damage induced by co-exposure to aluminum (AlCl3) and acrylamide (ACR). Rats were divided into eight groups of six each: controls, AlCl3 (50 mg per kg body weight) administered via drinking water and ACR (20 mg per kg body weight) given by gavage, combined group plus EVOO (300 μl); combined group plus the hydrophilic fraction (1 ml); combined group plus the lipophilic fraction (300 μl); extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and its fractions were administered daily by gavage for 21 days. Three other groups, considered as positive controls, received either EVOO, OOLF or OOLH. Exposure of rats to both AlCl3 and ACR provoked oxidative stress objectified by an increase in MDA, AOPP and a decrease in GSH, NPSH and vitamin C levels. The activities of CAT, GPx and SOD were also decreased. EVOO and its OOLF fraction exhibited a pronounced enhancement of antioxidant status while a partial recovery in the antioxidant status was obtained with the OOHF fraction. Plasma LDH and CK activities, TC, LDL-C levels, TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were increased, while HDL-C and TG decreased in rats treated with both AlCl3 and ACR. Co-administration of EVOO, OOLF or OOHF to treated rats restored cardiac biomarkers and lipid profile to near-normal values. Histological studies and DNA damage confirmed the biochemical parameters and the beneficial role of EVOO and its two fractions. Our results suggest that extra virgin olive oil and its two fractions can decrease the frequency of cardiac complications and genotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ghorbel
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000 Sfax, BP 1171, Tunisia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
133
|
Li Q, Mao M, Qiu Y, Liu G, Sheng T, Yu X, Wang S, Zhu D. Key Role of ROS in the Process of 15-Lipoxygenase/15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoiccid-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Hypoxia Pulmonary Hypertension. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149164. [PMID: 26871724 PMCID: PMC4752324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) and its metabolite 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) were up-regulated in pulmonary arterial cells from both pulmonary artery hypertension patients and hypoxic rats and that these factors mediated the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) by affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary arterial (PA) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of the remodeling induced by 15-HETE have remained unclear. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 15-LO are both induced by hypoxia, it is possible that ROS are involved in the events of hypoxia-induced 15-LO expression that lead to PH. We employed immunohistochemistry, tube formation assays, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays, and cell cycle analyses to explore the role of ROS in the process of 15-HETE-mediated hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). We found that exogenous 15-HETE facilitated the generation of ROS and that this effect was mainly localized to mitochondria. In particular, the mitochondrial electron transport chain and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) were responsible for the significant 15-HETE-stimulated increase in ROS production. Moreover, ROS induced by 15-HETE stimulated endothelial cell (EC) migration and promoted pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation under hypoxia via the p38 MAPK pathway. These results indicated that 15-HETE-regulated ROS mediated hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) via the p38 MAPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanli Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Gaofeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Sheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiufeng Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Abstract
Previously considered a disease isolated to the pulmonary circulation, pulmonary arterial hypertension is now being recognized as a systemic disorder that is associated with significant metabolic dysfunction. Numerous animal models have demonstrated the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension following the onset of insulin resistance, indicating that insulin resistance may be causal. Recent publications highlighting alterations in aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the pulmonary circulation and right ventricle have expanded our understanding of the complex pathobiology of this disease. By targeting these derangements in metabolism, numerous researchers are investigating noninvasive techniques to monitor disease activity and therapeutics that address the underlying metabolic condition. In the following review, we will explore pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the metabolic dysfunction seen in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tufik R Assad
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T1218 Medical Center North, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
135
|
Waypa GB, Smith KA, Schumacker PT. O2 sensing, mitochondria and ROS signaling: The fog is lifting. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 47-48:76-89. [PMID: 26776678 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are responsible for the majority of oxygen consumption in cells, and thus represent a conceptually appealing site for cellular oxygen sensing. Over the past 40 years, a number of mechanisms to explain how mitochondria participate in oxygen sensing have been proposed. However, no consensus has been reached regarding how mitochondria could regulate transcriptional and post-translational responses to hypoxia. Nevertheless, a growing body of data continues to implicate a role for increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals from the electron transport chain (ETC) in triggering responses to hypoxia in diverse cell types. The present article reviews our progress in understanding this field and considers recent advances that provide new insight, helping to lift the fog from this complex topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory B Waypa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kimberly A Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paul T Schumacker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Whitaker RM, Corum D, Beeson CC, Schnellmann RG. Mitochondrial Biogenesis as a Pharmacological Target: A New Approach to Acute and Chronic Diseases. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 56:229-49. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010715-103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Whitaker
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina and
| | - Daniel Corum
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina and
| | - Craig C. Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina and
| | - Rick G. Schnellmann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina and
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina 29425; , , ,
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Archer SL. Acquired Mitochondrial Abnormalities, Including Epigenetic Inhibition of Superoxide Dismutase 2, in Pulmonary Hypertension and Cancer: Therapeutic Implications. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 903:29-53. [PMID: 27343087 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7678-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is no cure for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Therapies lack efficacy and/or are toxic, reflecting a failure to target disease abnormalities that are distinct from processes vital to normal cells. NSCLC and PAH share reversible mitochondrial-metabolic abnormalities which may offer selective therapeutic targets. The following mutually reinforcing, mitochondrial abnormalities favor proliferation, impair apoptosis, and are relatively restricted to PAH and cancer cells: (1) Epigenetic silencing of superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) by methylation of CpG islands creates a pseudohypoxic redox environment that causes normoxic activation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α). (2) HIF-1α increases expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), which impairs oxidative metabolism and promotes a glycolytic metabolic state. (3) Mitochondrial fragmentation, partially due to mitofusin-2 downregulation, promotes proliferation. This review focuses on the recent discovery that decreased expression of SOD2, a putative tumor-suppressor gene and the major source of H2O2, results from hypermethylation of CpG islands. In cancer and PAH hypermethylation of a site in the enhancer region of intron 2 inhibits SOD2 transcription. In normal PASMC, SOD2 siRNA decreases H2O2 and activates HIF-1α. In PAH, reduced SOD2 expression decreases H2O2, reduces the cytosol and thereby activates HIF-1α. This causes a glycolytic shift in metabolism and increases the proliferation/apoptosis ratio by downregulating Kv1.5 channels, increasing cytosolic calcium, and inhibiting caspases. The DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, which restores SOD2 expression, corrects the proliferation/apoptosis imbalance in PAH and cancer cells. The specificity of PAH for lung vessels may relate to the selective upregulation of DNA methyltransferases that mediate CpG methylation in PASMC (DNA MT-1A and -3B). SOD2 augmentation inactivates HIF-1α in PAH PASMC and therapy with the SOD mimetic, MnTBAP, regresses experimental PAH. In conclusion, cancer and PAH share acquired mitochondrial abnormalities that increase proliferation and inhibit apoptosis, suggesting new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L Archer
- Head Department of Medicine, Queen's University Program Medical Director KGH, HD, SMOL Etherington Hall, Room 3041 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6.
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Kudryashova TV, Goncharov DA, Pena A, Ihida-Stansbury K, DeLisser H, Kawut SM, Goncharova EA. Profiling the role of mammalian target of rapamycin in the vascular smooth muscle metabolome in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Pulm Circ 2015; 5:667-80. [PMID: 26697174 DOI: 10.1086/683810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased proliferation and resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells (PAVSMCs), coupled with metabolic reprogramming, are key components of pulmonary vascular remodeling, a major and currently irreversible pathophysiological feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We recently reported that activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a key role in increased energy generation and maintenance of the proliferative, apoptosis-resistant PAVSMC phenotype in human PAH, but the downstream effects of mTOR activation on PAH PAVSMC metabolism are not clear. Using liquid and gas chromatography-based mass spectrometry, we performed pilot metabolomic profiling of human microvascular PAVSMCs from idiopathic-PAH subjects before and after treatment with the selective adenosine triphosphate-competitive mTOR inhibitor PP242 and from nondiseased lungs. We have shown that PAH PAVSMCs have a distinct metabolomic signature of altered metabolites-components of fatty acid synthesis, deficiency of sugars, amino sugars, and nucleotide sugars-intermediates of protein and lipid glycosylation, and downregulation of key biochemicals involved in glutathione and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism. We also report that mTOR inhibition attenuated or reversed the majority of the PAH-specific abnormalities in lipogenesis, glycosylation, glutathione, and NAD metabolism without affecting altered polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism. Collectively, our data demonstrate a critical role of mTOR in major PAH PAVSMC metabolic abnormalities and suggest the existence of de novo lipid synthesis in PAVSMCs in human PAH that may represent a new, important component of disease pathogenesis worthy of future investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V Kudryashova
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dmitry A Goncharov
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andressa Pena
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kaori Ihida-Stansbury
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Horace DeLisser
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven M Kawut
- Pulmonary Vascular Disease Program and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elena A Goncharova
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Abstract
Through detailed interrogation of the molecular pathways that contribute to the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), the separate but related processes of oxidative stress and cellular metabolic dysfunction have emerged as being critical pathogenic mechanisms that are as yet relatively untargeted therapeutically. In this review, we have attempted to summarize some of the important existing studies, to point out areas of overlap between oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction, and to do so under the unifying heading of redox biology. We discuss the importance of precision in assessing oxidant signaling versus oxidant injury and why this distinction matters. We endeavor to advance the discussion of carbon-substrate metabolism beyond a focus on glucose and its fate in the cell to encompass other carbon substrates and some of the murkiness surrounding our understanding of how they are handled in different cell types. Finally, we try to bring these ideas together at the level of the mitochondrion and to point out some additional points of possible cognitive dissonance that warrant further experimental probing. The body of beautiful science regarding the molecular and cellular details of redox biology in PAH points to a future that includes clinically useful therapies that target these pathways. To fully realize the potential of these future interventions, we hope that some of the issues raised in this review can be addressed proactively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Fessel
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James D West
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Chen X, Talati M, Fessel JP, Hemnes AR, Gladson S, French J, Shay S, Trammell A, Phillips JA, Hamid R, Cogan JD, Dawson EP, Womble KE, Hedges LK, Martinez EG, Wheeler LA, Loyd JE, Majka SJ, West J, Austin ED. Estrogen Metabolite 16α-Hydroxyestrone Exacerbates Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type II-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Through MicroRNA-29-Mediated Modulation of Cellular Metabolism. Circulation 2015; 133:82-97. [PMID: 26487756 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.016133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a proliferative disease of the pulmonary vasculature that preferentially affects women. Estrogens such as the metabolite 16α-hydroxyestrone (16αOHE) may contribute to PAH pathogenesis, and alterations in cellular energy metabolism associate with PAH. We hypothesized that 16αOHE promotes heritable PAH (HPAH) via microRNA-29 (miR-29) family upregulation and that antagonism of miR-29 would attenuate pulmonary hypertension in transgenic mouse models of Bmpr2 mutation. METHODS AND RESULTS MicroRNA array profiling of human lung tissue found elevation of microRNAs associated with energy metabolism, including the miR-29 family, among HPAH patients. miR-29 expression was 2-fold higher in Bmpr2 mutant mice lungs at baseline compared with controls and 4 to 8-fold higher in Bmpr2 mice exposed to 16αOHE 1.25 μg/h for 4 weeks. Blot analyses of Bmpr2 mouse lung protein showed significant reductions in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CD36 in those mice exposed to 16αOHE and protein derived from HPAH lungs compared with controls. Bmpr2 mice treated with anti-miR-29 (20-mg/kg injections for 6 weeks) had improvements in hemodynamic profile, histology, and markers of dysregulated energy metabolism compared with controls. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells derived from Bmpr2 murine lungs demonstrated mitochondrial abnormalities, which improved with anti-miR-29 transfection in vitro; endothelial-like cells derived from HPAH patient induced pluripotent stem cell lines were similar and improved with anti-miR-29 treatment. CONCLUSIONS 16αOHE promotes the development of HPAH via upregulation of miR-29, which alters molecular and functional indexes of energy metabolism. Antagonism of miR-29 improves in vivo and in vitro features of HPAH and reveals a possible novel therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Chen
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Megha Talati
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Joshua P Fessel
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Anna R Hemnes
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Santhi Gladson
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Jaketa French
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Sheila Shay
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Aaron Trammell
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - John A Phillips
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Joy D Cogan
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Elliott P Dawson
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Kristie E Womble
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Lora K Hedges
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Elizabeth G Martinez
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Lisa A Wheeler
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - James E Loyd
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Susan J Majka
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - James West
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.)
| | - Eric D Austin
- From Departments of Medicine (X.C., M.T., J.P.F., A.R.H., S.G., J.F., S.S., L.A.W., J.E.L., S.J.M., J.W.), Pharmacology (J.P.F.), Pediatrics (J.A.P., R.H., J..C., L.K.H.), and Pathology (E.G.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (A.T.); and Bioventures, Inc, Murfreesboro, TN (E.P.D., K.E.W.).
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
NADPH oxidases—do they play a role in TRPC regulation under hypoxia? Pflugers Arch 2015; 468:23-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1731-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
142
|
Dunham-Snary KJ, Hong ZG, Xiong PY, Del Paggio JC, Herr JE, Johri AM, Archer SL. A mitochondrial redox oxygen sensor in the pulmonary vasculature and ductus arteriosus. Pflugers Arch 2015; 468:43-58. [PMID: 26395471 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian homeostatic oxygen sensing system (HOSS) initiates changes in vascular tone, respiration, and neurosecretion that optimize oxygen uptake and tissue oxygen delivery within seconds of detecting altered environmental or arterial PO2. The HOSS includes carotid body type 1 cells, adrenomedullary cells, neuroepithelial bodies, and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in pulmonary arteries (PAs), ductus arteriosus (DA), and fetoplacental arteries. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) optimizes ventilation-perfusion matching. In utero, HPV diverts placentally oxygenated blood from the non-ventilated lung through the DA. At birth, increased alveolar and arterial oxygen tension dilates the pulmonary vasculature and constricts the DA, respectively, thereby transitioning the newborn to an air-breathing organism. Though modulated by endothelial-derived relaxing and constricting factors, O2 sensing is intrinsic to PASMCs and DASMCs. Within the SMC's dynamic mitochondrial network, changes in PO2 alter the reduction-oxidation state of redox couples (NAD(+)/NADH, NADP(+)/NADPH) and the production of reactive oxygen species, ROS (e.g., H2O2), by complexes I and III of the electron transport chain (ETC). ROS and redox couples regulate ion channels, transporters, and enzymes, changing intracellular calcium [Ca(2+)]i and calcium sensitivity and eliciting homeostatic responses to hypoxia. In PASMCs, hypoxia inhibits ROS production and reduces redox couples, thereby inhibiting O2-sensitive voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels, depolarizing the plasma membrane, activating voltage-gated calcium channels (CaL), increasing [Ca(2+)]i, and causing vasoconstriction. In DASMCs, elevated PO2 causes mitochondrial fission, increasing ETC complex I activity and ROS production. The DASMC's downstream response to elevated PO2 (Kv channel inhibition, CaL activation, increased [Ca(2+)]i, and rho kinase activation) is similar to the PASMC's hypoxic response. Impaired O2 sensing contributes to human diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension and patent DA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Zhigang G Hong
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ping Y Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Joseph C Del Paggio
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Julia E Herr
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Amer M Johri
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Lee SY, Ku HC, Kuo YH, Yang KC, Tu PC, Chiu HL, Su MJ. Caffeic acid ethanolamide prevents cardiac dysfunction through sirtuin dependent cardiac bioenergetics preservation. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:80. [PMID: 26391855 PMCID: PMC4578267 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac oxidative stress, bioenergetics and catecholamine play major roles in heart failure progression. However, the relationships between these three dominant heart failure factors are not fully elucidated. Caffeic acid ethanolamide (CAEA), a synthesized derivative from caffeic acid that exerted antioxidative properties, was thus applied in this study to explore its effects on the pathogenesis of heart failure. RESULTS In vitro studies in HL-1 cells exposed to isoproterenol showed an increase in cellular and mitochondria oxidative stress. Two-week isoproterenol injections into mice resulted in ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, elevated lipid peroxidation, cardiac adenosine triphosphate and left ventricular ejection fraction decline, suggesting oxidative stress and bioenergetics changes in catecholamine-induced heart failure. CAEA restored oxygen consumption rates and adenosine triphosphate contents. In addition, CAEA alleviated isoproterenol-induced cardiac remodeling, cardiac oxidative stress, cardiac bioenergetics and function insufficiency in mice. CAEA treatment recovered sirtuin 1 and sirtuin 3 activity, and attenuated the changes of proteins, including manganese superoxide dismutase and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, which are the most likely mechanisms responsible for the alleviation of isoproterenol-caused cardiac injury CONCLUSION CAEA prevents catecholamine-induced cardiac damage and is therefore a possible new therapeutic approach for preventing heart failure progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Lee
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Ku
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chien Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chen Tu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - His-Lin Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jai Su
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec.1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Boucherat O, Chabot S, Antigny F, Perros F, Provencher S, Bonnet S. Potassium channels in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J 2015; 46:1167-77. [PMID: 26341985 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00798-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating cardiopulmonary disorder with various origins. All forms of PAH share a common pulmonary arteriopathy characterised by vasoconstriction, remodelling of the pre-capillary pulmonary vessel wall, and in situ thrombosis. Although the pathogenesis of PAH is recognised as a complex and multifactorial process, there is growing evidence that potassium channels dysfunction in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells is a hallmark of PAH. Besides regulating many physiological functions, reduced potassium channels expression and/or activity have significant effects on PAH establishment and progression. This review describes the molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of potassium channel modulation. Special emphasis is placed on KCNA5 (Kv1.5) and KCNK3 (TASK1), which are considered to play a central role in determining pulmonary vascular tone and may represent attractive therapeutic targets in the treatment of PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucherat
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Chabot
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris-Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Frédéric Perros
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris-Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Bonnet
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Ryan JJ, Archer SL. Emerging concepts in the molecular basis of pulmonary arterial hypertension: part I: metabolic plasticity and mitochondrial dynamics in the pulmonary circulation and right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circulation 2015; 131:1691-702. [PMID: 25964279 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.006979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John J Ryan
- From Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (J.J.R.); and Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (S.L.A.)
| | - Stephen L Archer
- From Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (J.J.R.); and Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada (S.L.A.).
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Hartman W, Helan M, Smelter D, Sathish V, Thompson M, Pabelick CM, Johnson B, Prakash YS. Role of Hypoxia-Induced Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129489. [PMID: 26192455 PMCID: PMC4507987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia effects on pulmonary artery structure and function are key to diseases such as pulmonary hypertension. Recent studies suggest that growth factors called neurotrophins, particularly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), can influence lung structure and function, and their role in the pulmonary artery warrants further investigation. In this study, we examined the effect of hypoxia on BDNF in humans, and the influence of hypoxia-enhanced BDNF expression and signaling in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Methods and Results 48h of 1% hypoxia enhanced BDNF and TrkB expression, as well as release of BDNF. In arteries of patients with pulmonary hypertension, BDNF expression and release was higher at baseline. In isolated PASMCs, hypoxia-induced BDNF increased intracellular Ca2+ responses to serotonin: an effect altered by HIF1α inhibition or by neutralization of extracellular BDNF via chimeric TrkB-Fc. Enhanced BDNF/TrkB signaling increased PASMC survival and proliferation, and decreased apoptosis following hypoxia. Conclusions Enhanced expression and signaling of the BDNF-TrkB system in PASMCs is a potential mechanism by which hypoxia can promote changes in pulmonary artery structure and function. Accordingly, the BDNF-TrkB system could be a key player in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular diseases, and thus a potential target for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Hartman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin Helan
- International Clinical Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Smelter
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Michael Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Bruce Johnson
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Lang F. On the putative purpose of AMPK sensitive Kv1.5 K(+) channel regulation. Channels (Austin) 2015; 9:162. [PMID: 26176766 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2015.1069505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lang
- a Department of Physiology I ; University of Tübingen ; Tübingen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
148
|
Jacquin S, Rincheval V, Mignotte B, Richard S, Humbert M, Mercier O, Londoño-Vallejo A, Fadel E, Eddahibi S. Inactivation of p53 Is Sufficient to Induce Development of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131940. [PMID: 26121334 PMCID: PMC4488287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) show similarities to cancer cells. Due to the growth-suppressive and pro-apoptotic effects of p53 and its inactivation in cancer, we hypothesized that the p53 pathway could be altered in PAH. We therefore explored the involvement of p53 in the monocrotaline (MCT) rat model of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and the pathophysiological consequences of p53 inactivation in response to animal treatment with pifithrin-α (PFT, an inhibitor of p53 activity). Methods and Results PH development was assessed by pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy and arterial wall thickness. The effect of MCT and PFT on lung p53 pathway expression was evaluated by western blot. Fourteen days of daily PFT treatment (2.2 mg/kg/day), similar to a single injection of MCT (60 mg/kg), induced PH and aggravated MCT-induced PH. In the first week after MCT administration and prior to PH development, p53, p21 and MDM2 protein levels were significantly reduced; whereas PFT administration effectively altered the protein level of p53 targets. Anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative effects of PFT were revealed by TUNEL and MTT assays on cultured human PA-SMCs treated with 50 μM PFT. Conclusions Pharmacological inactivation of p53 is sufficient to induce PH with a chronic treatment by PFT, an effect related to its anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative properties. The p53 pathway was down-regulated during the first week in the rat MCT model. These in vivo experiments implicate the p53 pathway at the initiation stages of PH pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jacquin
- INSERM U999, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
- INSERM U1046, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - V. Rincheval
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - B. Mignotte
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - S. Richard
- INSERM U1046, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - M. Humbert
- INSERM U999, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - O. Mercier
- Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - A. Londoño-Vallejo
- Telomeres & Cancer laboratory, labeled “Ligue contre le Cancer”, UMR3244, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - E. Fadel
- Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - S. Eddahibi
- INSERM U1046, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Warsi J, Elvira B, Bissinger R, Hosseinzadeh Z, Lang F. Regulation of Voltage-Gated K+ Channel Kv1.5 by the Janus Kinase JAK3. J Membr Biol 2015; 248:1061-70. [PMID: 26100849 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) participates in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The kinase further influences ion channels and transport proteins. The present study explored whether JAK3 contributes to the regulation of the voltage-gated K(+) channel Kv1.5, which participates in the regulation of diverse functions including atrial cardiac action potential and tumor cell proliferation. To this end, cRNA encoding Kv1.5 was injected into Xenopus oocytes with or without additional injection of cRNA encoding wild-type JAK3, constitutively active (A568V)JAK3, or inactive (K851A)JAK3. Voltage-gated K(+) channel activity was measured utilizing dual electrode voltage clamp, and Kv1.5 channel protein abundance in the cell membrane was quantified utilizing chemiluminescence of Kv1.5 containing an extracellular hemagglutinin epitope (Kv1.5-HA). As a result, Kv1.5 activity and Kv1.5-HA protein abundance were significantly decreased by wild-type JAK3 and (A568V)JAK3, but not by (K851A)JAK3. Inhibition of Kv1.5 protein insertion into the cell membrane by brefeldin A (5 μM) resulted in a decline of the voltage-gated current, which was similar in the absence and presence of (A568V)JAK3, suggesting that (A568V)JAK3 did not accelerate Kv1.5 protein retrieval from the cell membrane. A 24 h treatment with ouabain (100 µM) significantly decreased the voltage-gated current in oocytes expressing Kv1.5 without or with (A568V)JAK3 and dissipated the difference between oocytes expressing Kv1.5 alone and oocytes expressing Kv1.5 with (A568V)JAK3. In conclusion, JAK3 contributes to the regulation of membrane Kv1.5 protein abundance and activity, an effect sensitive to ouabain and thus possibly involving Na(+)/K(+) ATPase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamshed Warsi
- Department of Physiology I, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernat Elvira
- Department of Physiology I, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rosi Bissinger
- Department of Physiology I, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zohreh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Physiology I, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology I, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Leblanc N, Forrest AS, Ayon RJ, Wiwchar M, Angermann JE, Pritchard HAT, Singer CA, Valencik ML, Britton F, Greenwood IA. Molecular and functional significance of Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle. Pulm Circ 2015; 5:244-68. [PMID: 26064450 DOI: 10.1086/680189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased peripheral resistance of small distal pulmonary arteries is a hallmark signature of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is believed to be the consequence of enhanced vasoconstriction to agonists, thickening of the arterial wall due to remodeling, and increased thrombosis. The elevation in arterial tone in PH is attributable, at least in part, to smooth muscle cells of PH patients being more depolarized and displaying higher intracellular Ca(2+) levels than cells from normal subjects. It is now clear that downregulation of voltage-dependent K(+) channels (e.g., Kv1.5) and increased expression and activity of voltage-dependent (Cav1.2) and voltage-independent (e.g., canonical and vanilloid transient receptor potential [TRPC and TRPV]) Ca(2+) channels play an important role in the functional remodeling of pulmonary arteries in PH. This review focuses on an anion-permeable channel that is now considered a novel excitatory mechanism in the systemic and pulmonary circulations. It is permeable to Cl(-) and is activated by a rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration (Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channel, or CaCC). The first section outlines the biophysical and pharmacological properties of the channel and ends with a description of the molecular candidate genes postulated to encode for CaCCs, with particular emphasis on the bestrophin and the newly discovered TMEM16 and anoctamin families of genes. The second section provides a review of the various sources of Ca(2+) activating CaCCs, which include stimulation by mobilization from intracellular Ca(2+) stores and Ca(2+) entry through voltage-dependent and voltage-independent Ca(2+) channels. The third and final section summarizes recent findings that suggest a potentially important role for CaCCs and the gene TMEM16A in PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Normand Leblanc
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Abigail S Forrest
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Wiwchar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Jeff E Angermann
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Harry A T Pritchard
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cherie A Singer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Maria L Valencik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Fiona Britton
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Iain A Greenwood
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|