101
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Prognostic Value of Serum Osteopontin in Acute Exacerbation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3424208. [PMID: 32104688 PMCID: PMC7035537 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3424208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute exacerbation (AE) is a common cause of rapid deterioration and high mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. Osteopontin (OPN) plays an important role in IPF, but the studies about serum OPN in AE-IPF are unclear. We aimed to investigate whether OPN had a potential prognostic value in acute exacerbation and mortality in IPF. Methods Thirty-two patients with AE-IPF, 39 with S-IPF, and 20 healthy controls were included. Serum OPN and KL-6 levels were compared between AE-IPF and S-IPF. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the predicted value of OPN for AE. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to display survival, and Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify risk for mortality. Results In AE-IPF patients, serum OPN levels were significantly higher than in S-IPF subjects (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (p < 0.001) or healthy controls (. Conclusion Elevated OPN could be a potential serum predictor for AE status and survival in IPF patients.
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102
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Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Pathogenesis and the Emerging Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020524. [PMID: 31947693 PMCID: PMC7013390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive chronic disease characterized by excessing scarring of the lungs leading to irreversible decline in lung function. The aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease are still unclear, although lung fibroblast and epithelial cell activation, as well as the secretion of fibrotic and inflammatory mediators, have been strongly associated with the development and progression of IPF. Significantly, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as modulators of multiple biological processes, although their function and mechanism of action in IPF is poorly understood. LncRNAs have been shown to be important regulators of several diseases and their aberrant expression has been linked to the pathophysiology of fibrosis including IPF. This review will provide an overview of this emerging role of lncRNAs in the development of IPF.
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103
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Keller SP. Contemporary approaches in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to support patients waiting for lung transplantation. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 9:29-41. [PMID: 32175237 DOI: 10.21037/acs.2019.12.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of the lung allocation score in 2005 prioritized patients with decreased transplant-free survival as the recipients of donor organs and effectively increased the number of critically-ill patients with end-stage lung disease waiting for transplantation. This change presented transplant programs with the challenge of how to both extend the lives of critically-ill, end-stage lung disease patients waiting for donor organs and maintain patient vitality to survival through the rigors of surgery and post-transplant recovery. Motivated by the dismal outcomes of patients maintained on mechanical ventilation pre-transplant, transplant centers increasingly deploy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a means of supporting patients with advanced disease as a bridge to successful lung transplantation. ECMO is an extracorporeal gas exchange device providing delivery of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide from blood passed through the circuit. The specific cannulation strategy determines whether ECMO provides primarily respiratory or circulatory support. The cannulation approach is tailored to the specific physiological manifestations of the pre-lung transplant candidate's disease process. For patients with profound hypoxic respiratory failure, a cannulation strategy that captures a large fraction of the venous return is required to maintain adequate support whereas lower circuit flows are sufficient for patients with predominantly hypercapnic respiratory failure. Improving outcomes and increasing experience with ECMO is motivating transplant centers to initiate support before patients require mechanical ventilation. Awake cannulation is increasingly common and is used to avoid the complications associated with intubation in advanced lung failure. Determining criteria for initiation of support and identifying the optimal approach to support patients with right heart failure in need of circulatory support are avenues of active investigation. Use of ECMO and other forms of extracorporeal support are rapidly becoming a mainstay in the care of the pre-lung transplant patient with advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Keller
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Abstract
This review discusses diagnostic pathology in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). Accurate understanding of basic structure of lung lobules is critical because the location of abnormalities inside the lobule is an important effector of pathology diagnosis. Depending on the method of obtaining tissue, recognition of the location may be difficult or impossible. Cryobiopsy is a new technology and its coverage of lung lobules is limited. This article discusses fundamental anatomy and approach to interstitial pneumonia. In addition, most histologic types of IIPs are covered, but the focus is on diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia because of its clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Zaizen
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Junya Fukuoka
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan; Department of Pathology, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-machi, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-8602, Japan.
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105
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Kamiya H, Panlaqui OM. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognosis and prognostic factors of interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e031444. [PMID: 31831537 PMCID: PMC6924795 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the prognosis and prognostic factors of interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) in comparison to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the most common idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia (CTD-IP). DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases such as Medline and Embase were searched from 2015 through 6 September 2019. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Primary studies that comparatively investigated the prognosis or prognostic factors of IPAF were eligible. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers extracted relevant data and assessed the risk of bias independently. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. The quality of presented evidence was assessed by the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. RESULTS Out of a total of 656 records retrieved, 12 studies were reviewed. The clinical features of IPAF were diverse between studies, which included a radiological and/or pathological usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern of between 0% and 73.8%. All studies contained some risk of bias. There was no significant difference of all-cause mortality between IPAF-UIP and IPF in all studies, although the prognosis of IPAF in contrast to IPF or CTD-IP varied between studies depending on the proportion of UIP pattern. Among the potential prognostic factors identified, age was significantly associated with all-cause mortality of IPAF by a pooled analysis of univariate results with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.06 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04 to 1.07). The adjusted effect of age was also significant in all studies. The quality of presented evidence was deemed as very low. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference of all-cause mortality between IPAF-UIP and IPF. Age was deemed as a prognostic factor for all-cause mortality of IPAF. The findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the low quality of the presented evidence. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42018115870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ogee Mer Panlaqui
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Northern Hospital, Epping, Victoria, Australia
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106
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Ganzleben I, He GW, Günther C, Prigge ES, Richter K, Rieker RJ, Mougiakakos D, Neurath MF, Becker C. PGAM5 is a key driver of mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental lung fibrosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4783-4794. [PMID: 31168659 PMCID: PMC11105634 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Mitochondrial homeostasis has recently emerged as a focal point in the pathophysiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but conflicting data have been reported regarding its regulation. We speculated that phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5), a mitochondrial protein at the intersection of multiple cell death and mitochondrial turnover pathways, might be involved in the pathogenesis of IPF. METHODS PGAM5-deficient mice and human pulmonary epithelial cells were analyzed comparatively with PGAM5-proficient controls in a bleomycin-based model of pulmonary fibrogenesis. Mitochondria were visualized by confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Mitochondrial homeostasis was assessed using JC1 (ΔΨ) and flow cytometry. RESULTS PGAM5 plays an important role in pulmonary fibrogenesis. Pgam5-/- mice displayed significantly attenuated lung fibrosis compared to controls. Complementary, in vitro studies demonstrated that PGAM5 impaired mitochondrial integrity on a functional and structural level independently of mtROS-production. On a molecular level, reduced mitophagy caused by PGAM5 deficiency improved mitochondrial homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies PGAM5 as an important regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis in pulmonary fibrosis. Our data further indicate PGAM5-mediated mitophagy itself as a pivotal gateway event in the mediation of self-sustaining mitochondrial damage and membrane depolarization. Our work hereby highlights the importance of mitochondrial dynamics and identifies a potential therapeutic target that warrants further studies. Toxic agents lead to mitochondrial damage resulting in depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) which is a gateway event for the initiation of PGAM5-mediated mitophagy. PGAM5-mediated mitophagy in turn leads to a self-perpetuating escalation of ΔΨ depolarization. Loss of the mitophagy-based damage-enhancing loop under PGAM5-deficient conditions breaks this vicious cycle, leading to improved mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Ganzleben
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gui-Wei He
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elena-Sophie Prigge
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Richter
- Central Unit Electron Microscopy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf J Rieker
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Medicine 5, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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107
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Kärkkäinen M, Kettunen HP, Nurmi H, Selander T, Purokivi M, Kaarteenaho R. Comparison of disease progression subgroups in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:228. [PMID: 31783748 PMCID: PMC6883511 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial pneumonia with an unpredictable course. The aims of this study were to retrospectively re-evaluate a cohort of patients with IPF according to the 2011 international IPF guidelines and 1) to characterize the subgroups of patients when classified according to their observed survival times and 2) to evaluate whether Composite Physiologic Index (CPI), Gender-Age-Physiology (GAP) Index or clinical variables could predict mortality. Methods Retrospective data was collected and patients were classified into subgroups according to their observed lifespans. Differences in clinical variables, CPI and GAP stages as well as in comorbidities were investigated between the subgroups. Predictors of mortality were identified by COX proportional hazard analyses. Results A total of 132 patients were included in this study. The disease course was rapid (≤ 2 years) in 30.0%, moderate (2–5 years) in 28.0% and slow (≥ 5 years) in 29.0% of the patients. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) and CPI at baseline differentiated significantly between the rapid disease course group and those patients with longer survival times. However, the predictive accuracy of the investigated clinical variables was mainly less than 0.80. The proportions of patients with comorbidities did not differ between the subgroups, but more patients with a rapid disease course were diagnosed with heart failure after the diagnosis of IPF. Most patients with a rapid disease course were categorized in GAP stages I and II, but all patients in GAP stage III had a rapid disease course. The best predictive multivariable model included age, gender and CPI. GAP staging had slightly better accuracy (0.67) than CPI (0.64) in predicting 2-year mortality. Conclusions Although the patients with a rapid disease course could be differentiated at baseline in terms of PFT and CPI, the predictive accuracy of any single clinical variable as well as CPI and GAP remained low. GAP staging was unable to identify the majority of patients with a rapid disease progression. It is challenging to predict disease progression and mortality in IPF even with risk prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia Kärkkäinen
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland. .,Kuopio City Home Care, Rehabilitation and Medical Services for Elderly, Tulliportinkatu 37E, 70100, Kuopio, Finland. .,Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Hannu-Pekka Kettunen
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanna Nurmi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.,Center of Medicine and Clinical Research, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomas Selander
- Science Services Center, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna Purokivi
- Center of Medicine and Clinical Research, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 KYS, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riitta Kaarteenaho
- Respiratory Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 20, 90029, Oulu, Finland
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108
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Watanabe T, Minezawa T, Hasegawa M, Goto Y, Okamura T, Sakakibara Y, Niwa Y, Kato A, Hayashi M, Isogai S, Kondo M, Yamamoto N, Hashimoto N, Imaizumi K. Prognosis of pulmonary fibrosis presenting with a usual interstitial pneumonia pattern on computed tomography in patients with myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related nephritis: a retrospective single-center study. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:194. [PMID: 31675941 PMCID: PMC6824021 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related nephritis (MPO-ANCA nephritis) is occasionally accompanied by lung abnormalities such as pulmonary fibrosis. However, the clinical features of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with MPO-ANCA nephritis have not been well documented. This study was performed to compare the prognosis of a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern of lung fibrosis in patients with MPO-ANCA nephritis with the prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 126 patients with MPO-ANCA nephritis and identified 31 with a UIP pattern of lung fibrosis on high-resolution or thin-slice computed tomography (CT). We compared the characteristics and prognosis of these patients with those of 32 patients with IPF. In 18 patients from both groups, we assessed and compared the decline in lung volume over time using three-dimensional (3D) CT images reconstructed from thin-section CT data. Results The numbers of male and female patients were nearly equal among patients with MPO-ANCA nephritis exhibiting a UIP pattern; in contrast, significant male dominancy was observed among patients with IPF (p = 0.0021). Significantly fewer smokers were present among the patients with MPO-ANCA nephritis with a UIP pattern than among those with IPF (p = 0.0062). There was no significant difference in the median survival time between patients with MPO-ANCA nephritis with a UIP pattern (50.8 months) and IPF (55.8 months; p = 0.65). All patients with IPF in this cohort received antifibrotic therapy (pirfenidone or nintedanib). Almost half of the deaths that occurred in patients with MPO-ANCA nephritis with a UIP pattern were caused by non-respiratory-related events, whereas most deaths in patients with IPF were caused by respiratory failure such as acute exacerbation. In the 3D CT lung volume analyses, the rate of decline in lung volume was equivalent in both groups. Conclusions MPO-ANCA nephritis with a UIP pattern on CT may have an unfavorable prognosis equivalent to that of IPF with a UIP pattern treated with antifibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Minezawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Midori Hasegawa
- Department of Nephrology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Goto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Takuya Okamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sakakibara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Niwa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Sumito Isogai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Masashi Kondo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Center for Joint Research Facilities Support , Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Naozumi Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Imaizumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
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109
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Hagmeyer L, Herkenrath S, Anduleit N, Treml M, Randerath W. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Allows Discrimination Between Idiopathic Non-specific Interstitial Pneumonia and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mild to Moderate Stages of the Disease. Lung 2019; 197:721-726. [PMID: 31676976 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-019-00282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether there are cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters which may indicate poor prognosis in the early course of fibrosing interstitial lung disease. 27 untreated consecutive subjects (13 idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP), 14 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); 19 male; age 69 ± 10 years) were enrolled in this observational pilot study. Subjects underwent routine pulmonary function testing and CPET. Statistically, the t test and the Mann-Whitney-U test were applied in the presence of normal and non-normal distribution (according to Shapiro-Wilk), respectively. Analyzing the whole cohort, only mild functional impairments were determined. Comparison of iNSIP and IPF groups detected significant differences for the CPET parameters V'O2Peak[%pred] (p = 0.011), V'O2/kgPeak (p = 0.033), Watt[%pred] (p = 0.048), V'E/V'CO2 (Rest: p = 0.016; AT: p = 0.011; Peak: p = 0.019; Slope: p = 0.040), V'E/V'O2 (Rest: p = 0.033 AT: p = 0.014; Peak: p = 0.035). CPET parameters may indicate IPF-specific impairments even in mild disease. It may be hypothesized that these parameters are early biomarkers of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hagmeyer
- Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Institute of Pneumology, University of Cologne, Solingen, Germany. .,Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Clinic of Pneumology and Allergology, Center for Sleep Medicine and Respiratory Care, Aufderhöher Straße 169-175, 42699, Solingen, Germany.
| | - Simon Herkenrath
- Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Institute of Pneumology, University of Cologne, Solingen, Germany.,Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Clinic of Pneumology and Allergology, Center for Sleep Medicine and Respiratory Care, Aufderhöher Straße 169-175, 42699, Solingen, Germany
| | - Norbert Anduleit
- Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Institute of Pneumology, University of Cologne, Solingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Treml
- Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Institute of Pneumology, University of Cologne, Solingen, Germany
| | - Winfried Randerath
- Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Institute of Pneumology, University of Cologne, Solingen, Germany.,Hospital Bethanien Solingen, Clinic of Pneumology and Allergology, Center for Sleep Medicine and Respiratory Care, Aufderhöher Straße 169-175, 42699, Solingen, Germany
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110
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Using SpO 2 Recovery Index after a 6-Minute Walk Test to Predict Respiratory-Related Events in Hospitalized Patients with Interstitial Pneumonia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15226. [PMID: 31645644 PMCID: PMC6811585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the prognostic factors of interstitial pneumonia (IP) patients have been reported, IP has poor prognosis. Hospitalized patients with IP have severely impaired pulmonary diffusion capacity and prominent desaturation. We hypothesized that determining oxygen saturation recovery (SpO2 recovery index) after the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) can provide additional prognostic information regarding rehospitalization for respiratory-related events. We evaluated 73 IP patients at our hospital for demographic characteristics, pulmonary function tests and 6MWT. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate rehospitalisation for respiratory-related events using SpO2 recovery index. Cox regression analysis revealed a relationship between SpO2 recovery index and rehospitalisation. The optimum cutoff value of SpO2 recovery index was 4% (sensitivity, 71.4%; specificity, 79.2%). SpO2 recovery index was most closely related to pulmonary diffusion capacity (r = 0.684, P < 0.001). In a multivariable model, it was the strongest independent predictor of rehospitalisation for respiratory-related events (hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.10–0.90; P = 0.032). In this study, we estimated pulmonary diffusion capacity using SpO2 recovery index values obtained from 6MWT. A SpO2 recovery index of <4% can be useful in predicting rehospitalisation for respiratory-related events.
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111
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Akiyama N, Hozumi H, Isayama T, Okada J, Sugiura K, Yasui H, Suzuki Y, Kono M, Karayama M, Furuhashi K, Enomoto N, Fujisawa T, Inui N, Nakamura Y, Suda T. Clinical significance of serum S100 calcium-binding protein A4 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology 2019; 25:743-749. [PMID: 31597225 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis. There are no established serum biomarkers for predicting the outcomes of IPF. S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) is considered as a marker of fibroblasts; however, its clinical application remains to be investigated. We evaluated the clinical relevance of S100A4 in IPF patients. METHODS Serum S100A4 levels in 95 consecutive IPF patients and 50 healthy controls (HC) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. S100A4 expression in lung tissues was determined using immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence and its association with disease progression (defined as deterioration in lung function or death) and mortality was assessed using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox hazards analysis. RESULTS Serum S100A4 levels were undetectable in all HC but were detectable in 26 (27.3%) of the 95 IPF patients (P < 0.01). Immunostaining of lung tissues from IPF patients showed aggregation of numerous S100A4-expressing cells around the fibroblastic foci and mature fibrotic regions. IPF patients with higher serum S100A4 levels had a significantly worse prognosis than those with low serum levels (2-year cumulative survival rate: 41.7% vs 77.0%, respectively, P < 0.01). On multivariate analyses, baseline serum S100A4 levels (per 10 ng/mL increase) were independently associated with higher disease progression rate (odds ratio: 1.06, P = 0.01) and higher mortality (hazard ratio: 1.18, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION S100A4 is a promising serum biomarker that may help predict disease progression/mortality. Our findings may help establish treatment strategies for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimichi Akiyama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hironao Hozumi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takuya Isayama
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Okada
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Yasui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuzo Suzuki
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Kono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Karayama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuki Furuhashi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nakamura
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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112
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Raghu G, Richeldi L, Jagerschmidt A, Martin V, Subramaniam A, Ozoux ML, Esperet CA, Soubrane C. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Prospective, Case-Controlled Study of Natural History and Circulating Biomarkers. Chest 2019; 154:1359-1370. [PMID: 30526970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.08.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease with 3 to 5 years' survival. Although FVC is used to assess disease progression and treatment response, identifying predictive circulating blood biomarkers could help identify specific biologic pathways for treatment. An international, prospective, noninterventional, case-controlled, 52-week study was therefore conducted to identify a clinical and biomarker baseline profile predictive of longitudinal disease behavior. METHODS Patients with IPF and control subjects had lung function tests and blood sampling for biomarker quantification (control subjects at baseline only). The primary end point was disease progression rate (composite end point: decrease ≥ 10% from baseline in FVC % predicted, decrease ≥ 15% from baseline in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide % predicted, lung transplantation, death) at week 52 and its relationship to selected biomarkers at baseline. RESULTS Altogether, 211 subjects (154 patients with IPF and 57 control subjects) were enrolled; one-third of patients (n = 47) with IPF had progressed by week 52. Biomarkers CC-chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18), intercellular adhesion molecule 1, Krebs von den Lungen-6, surfactant protein (SP)-A, SP-D, matrix metallopeptidase 7, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, and two novel biomarkers, human epididymis protein-4 (HE4) and prostasin, discriminated patients with IPF vs control subjects. There was no difference in baseline CCL18 concentration between progressors and nonprogressors at week 52 (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.62; corrected P = .161). No biomarkers were predictive for disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Several biomarkers, including CCL18, were associated with IPF, but none predicted disease progression. Two novel biomarkers, HE4 and prostasin, were identified and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Raghu
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA.
| | - Luca Richeldi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valerie Martin
- Biostatistics and Programming, Sanofi R&D, Paris, France
| | - Arun Subramaniam
- Immunology and Inflammation Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Corinne A Esperet
- Immunology and Inflammation Therapeutic Area, Sanofi R&D, Paris, France
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PTEN loss regulates alveolar epithelial cell senescence in pulmonary fibrosis depending on Akt activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7492-7509. [PMID: 31527305 PMCID: PMC6781970 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aging-associated disease with poor prognosis. The mechanisms underlying the role of alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) senescence in IPF remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate if PTEN/Akt activates AEC senescence to induce pulmonary fibrosis. We investigated the association between PTEN/Akt and cellular senescence in lung tissues from IPF patients. As a result, decreased PTEN and activated Akt pathway were found in AECs in fibrotic lung tissues detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF). Increased expression levels of aging-associated markers (P21WAF1 and SA-β-gal) in AECs treated with bleomycin were found. AEC senescence was accelerated by PTEN knockdown and attenuated by PTEN overexpression. Bleomycin induced AEC senescence was reversed by Akt2 knockdown and the pharmacological inhibitors (LY294002 and MK2206) of the Akt pathway. Reducing Akt activation dramatically improved lung fibrosis in a fibrotic mice model. In addition, a co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay demonstrated that PTEN physically associated with Akt. These indicated that senescent AECs modulated by the PTEN/Akt pathway promote lung fibrosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that as a trigger indicator in IPF, the senescence process in AECs should be a potential therapeutic target and that the PTEN/Akt pathway may be a promising candidate for intervention.
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114
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Somogyi V, Chaudhuri N, Torrisi SE, Kahn N, Müller V, Kreuter M. The therapy of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: what is next? Eur Respir Rev 2019; 28:28/153/190021. [PMID: 31484664 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0021-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease, characterised by progressive scarring of the lung and associated with a high burden of disease and early death. The pathophysiological understanding, clinical diagnostics and therapy of IPF have significantly evolved in recent years. While the recent introduction of the two antifibrotic drugs pirfenidone and nintedanib led to a significant reduction in lung function decline, there is still no cure for IPF; thus, new therapeutic approaches are needed. Currently, several clinical phase I-III trials are focusing on novel therapeutic targets. Furthermore, new approaches in nonpharmacological treatments in palliative care, pulmonary rehabilitation, lung transplantation, management of comorbidities and acute exacerbations aim to improve symptom control and quality of life. Here we summarise new therapeutic attempts and potential future approaches to treat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Somogyi
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Dept of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nazia Chaudhuri
- Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Sebastiano Emanuele Torrisi
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Regional Referral Centre for Rare Lung Diseases, University Hospital "Policlinico", Dept of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolas Kahn
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Veronika Müller
- Dept of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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115
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Nishiyama O, Saeki S, Yamazaki R, Sano H, Iwanaga T, Kume H, Tohda Y. Characteristics and association with survival of respiratory-related hospitalization in Japanese idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. Respir Investig 2019; 57:415-421. [PMID: 31003952 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The characteristics and significance of respiratory-related hospitalization in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in Asian countries remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to define the characteristics of respiratory-related hospitalization and to inspect the relationship between respiratory-related hospitalization and subsequent survival in patients with IPF in Japanese general practice. METHODS Patients with IPF who underwent clinical evaluation between February 2008 and August 2017 were screened. Only those who had undergone evaluation within 1 year after the diagnosis of IPF were included in the study. The post-diagnosis pulmonary function tests were considered the registration point. We then performed a 6-month landmark analysis including only patients who were alive 6 months after the registration. The characteristics of respiratory-related hospitalizations during the 6 months after registration and the association between respiratory-related hospitalization and survival were investigated. RESULTS A total of 106 patients with IPF were included in the study. The mean forced vital capacity (FVC) at registration was 80.2 ± 25.1% predicted. Seventeen patients (16.0%) had respiratory-related hospitalization during the 6 months after registration. Pneumonia was the most frequent reason for hospitalization (47.0%), followed by acute exacerbation of IPF (29.4%). In multivariate analysis, % predicted FVC (hazard ratio: 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.96-0.99, p = 0.004), 6-month decrease in % predicted FVC (1.05, 1.02-1.08, 0.005), and respiratory-related hospitalization (2.45, 1.24-4.85, 0.009) were significantly associated with survival. CONCLUSIONS Pneumonia is the most frequent cause of respiratory-related hospitalization in Japanese IPF patients. Furthermore, respiratory-related hospitalization is significantly associated with subsequent poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Nishiyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Sho Saeki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Ryo Yamazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Sano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Takashi Iwanaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Kume
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuji Tohda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan.
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Elko EA, Mahoney JM, Vacek P, van der Vliet A, Anathy V, van der Velden JLJL, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Seward DJ. Age-dependent dysregulation of redox genes may contribute to fibrotic pulmonary disease susceptibility. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:438-446. [PMID: 31315063 PMCID: PMC6820706 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with enhanced oxidative stress and increased susceptibility to numerous diseases. This relationship is particularly striking with respect to the incidence of fibrotic lung disease. To identify potential mechanisms underlying the association between aging and susceptibility to fibrotic lung disease we analyzed transcriptome data from 342 disease-free human lung samples as a function of donor age. Our analysis reveals that aging in lung is accompanied by modest yet progressive changes in genes modulating redox homeostasis, the TGF-beta 1 signaling axis, and the extracellular matrix (ECM), pointing to an aging lung functional network (ALFN). Further, the transcriptional changes we document are tissue-specific, with age-dependent gene expression patterns differing across organ systems. Our findings suggest that the age-associated increased incidence of fibrotic pulmonary disease occurs in the context of tissue-specific, age-dependent transcriptional changes. Understanding the relationship between age-associated gene expression and susceptibility to fibrotic pulmonary disease may allow for more accurate risk stratification and effective therapeutic interventions within this challenging clinical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - J Matthew Mahoney
- Department of Neurological Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Pamela Vacek
- Medical Biostatistics, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Jos L J L van der Velden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | | | - David J Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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Moua T, Lee AS, Ryu JH. Comparing effectiveness of prognostic tests in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:993-1004. [PMID: 31405303 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1656069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating and progressive fibrotic interstitial lung disease often resulting in death over several years. Prediction of disease course or survival remains of keen interest for clinicians and patients though a commonly used test or tool remain elusive. Areas covered: We undertook a comprehensive review of the published literature highlighting prognostic indicators and predictors of survival in IPF. Baseline and longitudinal clinical, functional, histopathologic, and radiologic findings have been extensively studied as prognostic predictors, both individually and in composite models. Recent approaches include automated quantifiable radiologic scoring, circulating biomarkers, and genetic polymorphisms or abnormalities. This review highlights individual and composite predictors and their relative utility in clinical practice and research studies. Expert opinion: There is a growing body of knowledge highlighting readily available individual and composite predictors of outcome, though none have come to the forefront for common clinical use. Recent advances include quantitative imaging analysis, circulating serologic markers, and genetic testing, which may be more standardized and less prone to lead-time bias or related complications and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Moua
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
| | - Augustine S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville , FL , USA
| | - Jay H Ryu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
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118
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Kandhare AD, Liu Z, Mukherjee AA, Bodhankar SL. Therapeutic Potential of Morin in Ovalbumin-induced Allergic Asthma Via Modulation of SUMF2/IL-13 and BLT2/NF-kB Signaling Pathway. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2019; 12:122-138. [PMID: 30605067 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666190102105052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is a chronic immune-inflammatory disorder, characterized by airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Morin is a natural flavonoid reported to exhibit inhibitory action against IgE-mediated allergic response. AIM To determine the efficacy of murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AHR inhibition by morin and decipher the molecular mechanism involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were sensitized and challenged with OVA to induce AHR. Rats received treatment with morin (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for the next 28 days. RESULTS Morin (30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently attenuated (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) OVA-induced alterations in pulse oxy and lung function test, increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell counts, elevated total protein and albumin levels in serum, BALF, and lungs, increased serum total and OVA-specific IgE levels and, elevated oxidative stress levels in the lung. RT-PCR analysis revealed that morin treatment (30 and 100 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) up-regulated SUMF2 mRNA expression in lungs whereas mRNA expressions of BLT2, NF-κB, and Th2-cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-13) were down-regulated significantly and dose-dependently (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). Also, histologic and ultrastructural studies showed that morin significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) OVAinduced perivascular and peribranchial inflammatory infiltration and interstitial fibrosis. CONCLUSION Morin exhibited inhibitory effect against OVA-induced allergic asthma by activation of SUMF2 which impeded IL-13 expression and in turn attenuated Th2-cytokines, BLT2, NF-κB, and IgE levels to ameliorate AHR. Thus, our findings suggested that morin could be considered as a potential alternative therapeutic agent for the management of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit D Kandhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
| | - Zihao Liu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Anwesha A Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
| | - Subhash L Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Paud Road, Pune-411 038, India
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119
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Objectively Measured Chronic Lung Injury on Chest CT. Chest 2019; 156:1149-1159. [PMID: 31233744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke exposure is associated with emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis, both of which are irreversible. We have developed a new objective CT analysis tool that combines densitometry with machine learning to detect high attenuation changes in visually normal appearing lung (NormHA) that may precede these diseases. METHODS We trained the classification tool by placing 34,528 training points in chest CT scans from 297 COPDGene participants. The tool was then used to classify lung tissue in 9,038 participants as normal, emphysema, fibrotic/interstitial, or NormHA. Associations between the quartile of NormHA and plasma-based biomarkers, clinical severity, and mortality were evaluated using Jonckheere-Terpstra, pairwise Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and multivariable linear and Cox regression. RESULTS A higher percentage of lung occupied by NormHA was associated with higher C-reactive protein and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (P for trend for both < .001). In analyses adjusted for multiple covariates, including high and low attenuation area, compared with those in the lowest quartile of NormHA, those in the highest quartile had a 6.50 absolute percent lower percent predicted lower FEV1 (P < .001), an 8.48 absolute percent lower percent predicted forced expiratory volume, a 10.78-meter shorter 6-min walk distance (P = .011), and a 56% higher risk of death (P = .003). These findings were present even in those individuals without visually defined interstitial lung abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS A new class of NormHA on CT may represent a unique tissue class associated with adverse outcomes, independent of emphysema and fibrosis.
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120
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Li B, Zhang X, Xu G, Zhang S, Song H, Yang K, Dai H, Wang C. Serum prealbumin is a prognostic indicator in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2019; 13:493-498. [PMID: 31102566 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by variable progression. The prealbumin (PA) is a parameter in a routine blood biochemistry examination. We sought to investigate the prognostic value in IPF patients. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prognosis value in patients with IPF. METHODS Blood biochemistry examination, demographics, pulmonary function data from patients with IPF consulted in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital and China-Japan Friendship Hospital between July 2012 and December 2016 were collected. Infection, liver and kidney dysfunction and lung transplantation are excluded from the cohort. RESULTS The result of multivariate Cox analysis showed that PA was significant prognostic indicator of survival along with BMI, FVC, serum albumin protein and serum global protein. The patients with PA concentration <0.2 mg/L had shorter survival compared with those whose PA were normal. Although the survival had no significant difference between the patients with PA concentration < 0.2 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L and those with PA concentration < 0.2 mg/L, the average survival time of patients with PA concentration < 0.2 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L were shorter. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that IPF patients with PA concentration < 0.2 mg/L have poorer outcome. Further studies are warranted to indentify PA as a predictor for IPF patients outcomes and explore the role of PA in the pathogenesis of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Perking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Xu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Kaiyuan Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Lu-He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Perking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Perking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Perking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Perking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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121
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Harari S, Caminati A, Confalonieri M, Poletti V, Vancheri C, Pesci A, Rogliani P, Luppi F, Agostini C, Rottoli P, Sanduzzi Zamparelli A, Sebastiani A, Della Porta R, Salton F, Messore B, Tomassetti S, Rosso R, Biffi A, Puxeddu E, Cerri S, Cinetto F, Refini RM, Bocchino M, Di Michele L, Specchia C, Albera C. The prognostic role of Gender-Age-Physiology system in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients treated with pirfenidone. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2019; 13:166-173. [PMID: 30675755 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gender, age, physiology (GAP) system have proven to be an easy tool for predicting disease stages and survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. OBJECTIVE To validate mortality risk as determined by the GAP system in a real-life multicentre IPF population treated with pirfenidone. METHODS The study included patients who received pirfenidone for at least 6 months. The GAP calculator and the GAP index were determined. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The prognostic accuracy of the GAP system was evaluated with respect to calibration and discrimination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Sixty-eight IPF patients were enrolled in the study. The median follow-up was 2.4 years (range 0.1-7.4 years). A total of 22 deaths as first event (32%) and of 10 lung transplantation (15%) were recorded. The cumulative incidence of mortality at 1, 2 and 3 years was 10.4%, 22.4% and 38.4%, respectively. The differences between the predicted and observed mortality were not significant for the GAP index while the observed mortality become comparable to that predicted by the GAP calculator only in the third year of follow-up. The C-index for the GAP index was 0.74 (95% CI 0.57-0.93) while the C-statistic value for the GAP calculator was 0.77 (95% CI 0.59-0.95).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Harari
- U.O. di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria - Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria ed Emodinamica Polmonare. Ospedale San Giuseppe - MultiMedica, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Caminati
- U.O. di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria - Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria ed Emodinamica Polmonare. Ospedale San Giuseppe - MultiMedica, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Confalonieri
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Venerino Poletti
- U.O. di Pneumologia Dipartimento dell'Apparato Respiratorio e del Torace, Ospedale G.P. Morgagni -L. Pierantoni, Forlì, Italy.,Department of Respiratory Diseases & Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital (DK), Aarthus, Denmark
| | - Carlo Vancheri
- Regional Referral Centre for Rare Lung Disease, University of Catania, A.O.U. Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Alberto Pesci
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Milano Bicocca, AO San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Respiratory Unit Policlinico Tor Vergata, Department of "Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Luppi
- Center for Rare Lung Diseases, University Hospital Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostini
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Rottoli
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine, AOUS, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sanduzzi Zamparelli
- UOC II Pneumotisiologia, Scuola di specializzazione in malattie respiratorie Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II A.O.R.N. Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfredo Sebastiani
- UOS Interstiziopatie Polmonari Az Osp. S. Camillo-Forlanini, Roma, Italy
| | - Rossana Della Porta
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Salton
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Cattinara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Messore
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Interstitial and Rare Lung Disease Unit AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Tomassetti
- U.O. di Pneumologia Dipartimento dell'Apparato Respiratorio e del Torace, Ospedale G.P. Morgagni -L. Pierantoni, Forlì, Italy
| | - Roberta Rosso
- Regional Referral Centre for Rare Lung Disease, University of Catania, A.O.U. Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Alice Biffi
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Milano Bicocca, AO San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Ermanno Puxeddu
- Respiratory Unit Policlinico Tor Vergata, Department of "Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Roma, Italy
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Center for Rare Lung Diseases, University Hospital Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Metella Refini
- Respiratory Diseases and Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine, AOUS, Siena, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Bocchino
- UOC II Pneumotisiologia, Scuola di specializzazione in malattie respiratorie Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II A.O.R.N. Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, Napoli, Italy
| | - Loreta Di Michele
- UOS Interstiziopatie Polmonari Az Osp. S. Camillo-Forlanini, Roma, Italy
| | - Claudia Specchia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Albera
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Interstitial and Rare Lung Disease Unit AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Demographic and clinical profile of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients in Spain: the SEPAR National Registry. Respir Res 2019; 20:127. [PMID: 31208406 PMCID: PMC6580511 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known on the characteristics of patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in Spain. We aimed to characterize the demographic and clinical profile of IPF patients included in the IPF National Registry of the Spanish Respiratory Society (SEPAR). Methods This is a prospective, observational, multicentre and nationwide study that involved 608 IPF patients included in the SEPAR IPF Registry up to June 27th, 2017, and who received any treatment for their disease. IPF patients were predominantly males, ex-smokers, and aged in their 70s, similar to other registries. Results Upon inclusion, mean ± SD predicted forced vital capacity was 77.6% ± 19.4, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was 48.5% ± 17.7, and the 6-min walk distance was 423.5 m ± 110.4. The diagnosis was mainly established on results from the high-resolution computed tomography in the proper clinical context (55.0% of patients), while 21.2% of patients required invasive procedures (surgical lung biopsy) for definitive diagnosis. Anti-fibrotic treatment was prescribed in 69.4% of cases, 51.5% pirfenidone and 17.9% nintedanib, overall with a good safety profile. Conclusions The SEPAR IPF Registry should help to further characterize current characteristics and future trends of IPF patients in Spain and compare/pool them with other registries and cohorts.
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Guo J, Li B, Wu W, Wang Z, Wang F, Guo T. Chinese Herbal Medicines Compared with N-Acetylcysteine for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:5170638. [PMID: 31312224 PMCID: PMC6595365 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5170638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a major global health problem. The prevalence of the disease appears to be increasing. There is no curative therapy for IPF except lung transplantation. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) are showing promise for treatment of IPF. However, their effectiveness and safety are still unclear and deserve further investigation. The aim of this systematic review is to access the efficacy and safety of CHMs in treating IPF. METHODS The protocol of this review is registered at PROSPERO. We searched seven main databases for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on CHMs for IPF from their inception to June 4, 2018. The methodological quality of RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. All trials included were analyzed according to the criteria of the Cochrane Handbook. Review Manager 5.3, R-3.5.2 software, and Grade pro GDT web solution were used for data synthesis and analysis. RESULTS Thirteen randomized clinical trials enrolling 733 patients were included. All trials included had clear outcome indicators. The methodological quality of included trials was generally "poor." Few trials reported methods of randomization. One trial on Xuefu-zhuyu capsule assessed rate of acute exacerbation and mortality after treatment for 72 weeks and found no statistically significant difference between two groups. This meta-analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in QOL of IPF patients when CHMs was applied or combined with conventional medicine treatment. 6MWT was significantly improved in IPF patients after using CHMs or combined with conventional medicine treatment. CHMs treatment also had a certain improvement in TLC and DLCO, but the effect on FVC was not significant. Besides, CHMs failed to provide benefits in terms of PaO2. The reported adverse events were not obvious and severe. CONCLUSIONS Some CHMs seem effective and safe as alternative remedies for patients with IPF, suggesting that further study of CHMs in the treatment of IPF is warranted. Although this systematic review suggests that CHMs may have positive effect on quality of life, 6-minute walk test distance, and lung function (TLC, DLOC%) and seem to be relatively safe during the course of treatment, the results must be treated with great caution because of the methodological flaws of the included trials. Long-term and high-quality trials are needed in the future to provide clear evidence for the use of CHMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Bin Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Taipin Guo
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
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Jo HE, Corte TJ, Glaspole I, Grainge C, Hopkins PMA, Moodley Y, Reynolds PN, Chapman S, Walters EH, Zappala C, Allan H, Keir GJ, Cooper WA, Mahar AM, Ellis S, Macansh S, Goh NS. Gastroesophageal reflux and antacid therapy in IPF: analysis from the Australia IPF Registry. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:84. [PMID: 31053121 PMCID: PMC6499965 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is highly prevalent in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and may play a role in its pathogenesis. Recent IPF treatment guidelines suggest that all patients with IPF be considered for antacid therapy. However, emerging evidence suggests that antacid therapy does not improve IPF patient outcomes and may increase the risk of pulmonary infection. METHODS Using prospectively collected data from the Australian IPF Registry including use of antacid therapy, GORD diagnosis and GORD symptoms, the relationship of these GORD variables to survival and disease progression was assessed. The severity of GORD symptoms using the frequency scale for symptoms of GORD (FSSG) and its relationships to outcomes was also assessed for the first time in an IPF cohort. RESULTS Five hundred eighty-seven (86%) of the 684 patients in the Australian IPF Registry were eligible for inclusion. Patients were mostly male (69%), aged 71.0 ± 8.5 years with moderate disease (FVC 81.7 ± 21.5%; DLco 48.5 ± 16.4%). Most patients were taking antacids (n = 384; 65%), though fewer had a diagnosis of GORD (n = 243, 41.4%) and typical GORD symptoms were even less common (n = 171, 29.1%). The mean FSSG score was 8.39 ± 7.45 with 43% (n = 251) having a score > 8. Overall, there was no difference in survival or disease progression, regardless of antacid treatment, GORD diagnosis or GORD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Neither the use of antacid therapy nor the presence of GORD symptoms affects longer term outcomes in IPF patients. This contributes to the increasing evidence that antacid therapy may not be beneficial in IPF patients and that GORD directed therapy should be considered on an individual basis to treat the symptoms of reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Jo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Tamera J Corte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian Glaspole
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher Grainge
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter M A Hopkins
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Lung Transplant Service, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yuben Moodley
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Paul N Reynolds
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sally Chapman
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - E Haydn Walters
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Christopher Zappala
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Gregory J Keir
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Wendy A Cooper
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Tissue pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Annabelle M Mahar
- Tissue pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Samantha Ellis
- Department of Radiology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Nicole S Goh
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Yu M, Guo Y, Zhang P, Xue J, Yang J, Cai Q, You X, Ma J, Yang D, Jia Y, Wang Y, Li F, Chi S, Cao M, Chen J, Liu X. Increased circulating Wnt5a protein in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial pneumonia (RA-ILD). Immunobiology 2019; 224:551-559. [PMID: 31072629 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An early diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is important for guiding treatments of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated ILD (RA-ILD) in clinical settings. The non-canonical Wnt signaling representative ligand Wnt5a was recently found to involve in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and pathogenesis of RA. The goal of this study was to examine the clinical relevance of Wnt5a in RA-ILD. In this report, the clinical relevance of plasma Wnt5a protein was evaluated in 40 RA-ILD patients and 41 non-ILD RA cohorts. The results showed an elevated Wnt5a protein in plasmas of RA-ILD patients compared with non-ILD RA patients (p < 0.01), which was positively correlated with the plasma level of rheumatoid factor (RF). Of note, more abundant Wnt5a was also found in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) than those with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and other ILD patterns. More importantly, the disease severity was correlated with the circulating Wnt5a as ascertained by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)-UIP scores. The multiple-factor non-conditional logistic regression analysis further revealed that the age, RA duration, smoking and plasma Wnt5a were risk factors with clinical significance for RA-ILD. Interestingly, more Wnt5a-positive patients were identified in RA-ILD smokers relative to RA-ILD never-smokers, and longer smoking duration was strongly correlated with Wnt5a in RA-ILD patients. In consistence, ROC curve also suggested that the Wnt5a was a potential candidate biomarker for identifying patients with RA-UIP. These results demonstrate that the circulating Wnt5a may be a risk factor and potential biomarker for identifying UIP and accessing the severity and progression of ILD in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China; Institute of Human Stem Cell Research, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Jiali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Qian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Xuehong You
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Jia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Dandan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Yujiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Shuhong Chi
- Department of Rheumatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Mengshu Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Falque L, Gheerbrant H, Saint-Raymond C, Quétant S, Camara B, Briault A, Porcu P, Pirvu A, Durand M, Pison C, Claustre J. [Selection of lung transplant candidates in France in 2019]. Rev Mal Respir 2019; 36:508-518. [PMID: 31006579 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2015, the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) published a consensus document for the selection of lung transplant candidates. In the absence of recent French recommendations, this guideline is useful in order to send lung transplant candidates to the transplantation centers and to list them for lung transplantation at the right time. BACKGROUND The main indications for lung transplantation in adults are COPD and emphysema, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial diseases, cystic fibrosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The specific indications for each underlying disease as well as the general contraindications have been reviewed in 2015 by the ISHLT. For cystic fibrosis, the main factors are forced expiratory volume in one second, 6-MWD, PAH and clinical deterioration characterized by increased frequency of exacerbations; for emphysema progressive disease, the BODE score, hypercapnia and FEV1; for PAH progressive disease or the need of specific intravenous therapy and NYHA classification. Finally, the diagnosis of fibrosing interstitial lung disease is usually a sufficient indication for lung transplantation assessment. OUTLOOK AND CONCLUSION These new recommendations, close to French practices, help clinicians to find the right time for referral of patients to transplantation centers. This is crucial for the prognosis of lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Falque
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - H Gheerbrant
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - C Saint-Raymond
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Quétant
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - B Camara
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Briault
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - P Porcu
- Service de chirurgie cardiaque, pôle thorax et vaisseaux, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Pirvu
- Service de chirurgie thoracique et vasculaire, pôle thorax et vaisseaux, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Durand
- Service de réanimation cardio-vasculaire et thoracique, pôle anesthésie-réanimation, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - C Pison
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; Inserm1055, laboratoire de bioénergétique fondamentale et appliquée, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - J Claustre
- Pôle thorax et vaisseaux, clinique universitaire de pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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Intrapulmonary Autoantibodies to HSP72 Are Associated with Improved Outcomes in IPF. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:1845128. [PMID: 31098385 PMCID: PMC6487088 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1845128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic interstitial lung disease, with high mortality. Currently, the aetiology and the pathology of IPF are poorly understood, with both innate and adaptive responses previously being implicated in the disease pathogenesis. Heat shock proteins (Hsp) and antibodies to Hsp in patients with IPF have been suggested as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers, respectively. We aimed to study the relationship between the expression of Hsp72 and anti-Hsp72 antibodies in the BAL fluid and serum Aw disease progression in patients with IPF. Methods A novel indirect ELISA to measure anti-Hsp72 IgG was developed and together with commercially available ELISAs used to detect Hsp72 IgG, Hsp72 IgGAM, and Hsp72 antigen, in the serum and BALf of a cohort of IPF (n = 107) and other interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients (n = 66). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Hsp72 in lung tissue. The cytokine expression from monocyte-derived macrophages was measured by ELISA. Results Anti-Hsp72 IgG was detectable in the serum and BALf of IPF (n = 107) and other ILDs (n = 66). Total immunoglobulin concentrations in the BALf showed an excessive adaptive response in IPF compared to other ILDs and healthy controls (p = 0.026). Immunohistochemistry detection of C4d and Hsp72 showed that these antibodies may be targeting high expressing Hsp72 type II alveolar epithelial cells. However, detection of anti-Hsp72 antibodies in the BALf revealed that increasing concentrations were associated with improved patient survival (adjusted HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.45-0.85; p = 0.003). In vitro experiments demonstrate that anti-Hsp72 complexes stimulate macrophages to secrete CXCL8 and CCL18. Conclusion Our results indicate that intrapulmonary anti-Hsp72 antibodies are associated with improved outcomes in IPF. These may represent natural autoantibodies, and anti-Hsp72 IgM and IgA may provide a beneficial role in disease pathogenesis, though the mechanism of action for this has yet to be determined.
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Torrisi SE, Ley B, Kreuter M, Wijsenbeek M, Vittinghoff E, Collard HR, Vancheri C. The added value of comorbidities in predicting survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a multicentre observational study. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.01587-2018. [PMID: 30578385 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01587-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gender-age-physiology (GAP) model was developed to predict the risk of death. Comorbidities are common in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and may impact on survival. We evaluated the ability of comorbidities to improve prediction of survival in IPF patients beyond the variables included in the GAP model. METHODS We developed a prediction model named TORVAN using data from two independent cohorts. Continuous and point-score prediction models were developed with estimation of full and sparse versions of both. Model discrimination was assessed using the C-index and calibrated by comparing predicted and observed cumulative mortality at 1-5 years. RESULTS Discrimination was similar for the sparse continuous model in the derivation and validation cohorts (C-index 71.0 versus 70.0, respectively), and significantly improved the performance of the GAP model in the validation cohort (increase in C-index of 3.8, p=0.001). In contrast, the sparse point-score model did not perform as well in the validation cohort (C-index 72.5 in the derivation cohort versus 68.1 in the validation cohort), but still significantly improved upon the performance of the GAP model (C-index increased by 2.5, p=0.037). CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of comorbidities in TORVAN models significantly improved the discriminative performance in prediction of risk of death compared to GAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Emanuele Torrisi
- Regional Referral Centre for Rare Lung Diseases, University Hospital "Policlinico", Dept of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Brett Ley
- Dept of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Pneumology and Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marlies Wijsenbeek
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- Dept of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Harold R Collard
- Dept of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carlo Vancheri
- Regional Referral Centre for Rare Lung Diseases, University Hospital "Policlinico", Dept of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Lee SH, Yeo Y, Kim TH, Lee HL, Lee JH, Park YB, Park JS, Kim YH, Song JW, Jhun BW, Kim HJ, Park J, Uh ST, Kim YW, Kim DS, Park MS. Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Part 2. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2019; 82:102-117. [PMID: 30841014 PMCID: PMC6435928 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2018.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia, which presents with a progressive worsening dyspnea, and thus a poor outcome. The members of the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases as well as the participating members of the Korea Interstitial Lung Disease Study Group drafted this clinical practice guideline for IPF management. This guideline includes a wide range of topics, including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and acute exacerbation of IPF in Korea. Additionally, we suggested the PICO for the use of pirfenidone and nintendanib and for lung transplantation for the treatment of patients with IPF through a systemic literature review using experts' help in conducting a meta-analysis. We recommend this guideline to physicians, other health care professionals, and government personnel in Korea, to facilitate the treatment of patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoomi Yeo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Hong Lyeol Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Lung Research Institute of Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yee Hyung Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Woo Jhun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jinkyeong Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Taek Uh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Whan Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Soon Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Institute of Chest Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Moon SW, Choi JS, Lee SH, Jung KS, Jung JY, Kang YA, Park MS, Kim YS, Chang J, Kim SY. Thoracic skeletal muscle quantification: low muscle mass is related with worse prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. Respir Res 2019; 20:35. [PMID: 30767787 PMCID: PMC6376641 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia can contribute to negative outcomes in patients with various lung diseases. However, whether sarcopenia affects prognosis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has not been reported. Simple measures of muscle mass, derived from chest computed tomography (CT), are increasingly being used to identify patients with sarcopenia. We hypothesized that skeletal muscle mass could be a predictor of prognosis in IPF patients. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 180 patients diagnosed with IPF between January 2010 and December 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in South Korea. We measured thoracic muscle volume by using the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the pectoralis, paraspinal, serratus, and latissimus muscles at the 4th vertebral region (T4CSA) and the erector spinae muscle (ESMCSA) at the 12th vertebral region. CT scans at the time of diagnosis were used for analysis and respective CSA were divided by height squared to normalize for stature. Survival times were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were performed to investigate relationships between clinical parameters and mortality. RESULTS Male patients in the lowest quartile of T4CSA divided by height squared (m2) (T4MI) and in the lowest quartile of ESMCSA divided by height squared (m2) (T12MI) were more likely to have higher Gender-Age-Physiology Index scores (T4MI, 3.3 ± 1.3 vs 4.0 ± 1.6, P = 0.012; T12MI, 3.2 ± 1.3 vs 4.1 ± 1.6, P = 0.002). Male patients in the lowest quartile of T4MI exhibited a significantly lower survival rate (P = 0.035). After multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, T4MI was a significant risk factor for all-cause mortality (HR, 0.955; 95% CI, 0.913-0.998; P = 0.041), whereas T12MI was not (HR, 0.980; 95% CI, 0.856-1.121; P = 0.766). CONCLUSIONS Low skeletal mass normalized for stature at the level of 4th vertebrae which can be acquired by quantifying thoracic skeletal muscle on single-slice axial chest CT, may be a strong risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with IPF. TRIAL REGISTRATION The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Severance Hospital, South Korea (IRB No.4-2018-0454).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Woo Moon
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Choi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Jung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ye Jung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ae Kang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo Suk Park
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sam Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
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Alveolar type 2 progenitor cells for lung injury repair. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:63. [PMID: 30774991 PMCID: PMC6368612 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar type 2 progenitor cells (AT2) seem closest to clinical translation, specifying the evidence that AT2 may satisfactorily control the immune response to decrease lung injury by stabilizing host immune-competence and a classic and crucial resource for lung regeneration and repair. AT2 establish potential in benefiting injured lungs. However, significant discrepancies linger in our understanding vis-à-vis the mechanisms for AT2 as a regime for stem cell therapy as well as essential guiding information for clinical trials, including effectiveness in appropriate pre-clinical models, safety, mostly specifications for divergent lung injury patients. These important gaps shall be systematically investigated prior to the vast therapeutic perspective of AT2 cells for pulmonary diseases can be considered. This review focused on AT2 cells homeostasis, pathophysiological changes in the pathogenesis of lung injury, physiological function of AT2 cells, apoptosis of AT2 cells in lung diseases, the role of AT2 cells in repairing processes after lung injury, mechanism of AT2 cells activation promote repairing processes after lung injury, and potential therapy of lung disease by utilizing the AT2 progenitor cells. The advancement remains to causally connect the molecular and cellular alteration of AT2 cells to lung injury and repair. Conclusively, it is identified that AT2 cells can convert into AT1 cells; but, the comprehensive cellular mechanisms involved in this transition are unrevealed. Further investigation is mandatory to determine new strategies to prevent lung injury.
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Hayton C, Terrington D, Wilson AM, Chaudhuri N, Leonard C, Fowler SJ. Breath biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review. Respir Res 2019; 20:7. [PMID: 30634961 PMCID: PMC6329167 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-0971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exhaled biomarkers may be related to disease processes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) however their clinical role remains unclear. We performed a systematic review to investigate whether breath biomarkers discriminate between patients with IPF and healthy controls. We also assessed correlation with lung function, ability to distinguish diagnostic subgroups and change in response to treatment. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched. Study selection was limited to adults with a diagnosis of IPF as per international guidelines. RESULTS Of 1014 studies screened, fourteen fulfilled selection criteria and included 257 IPF patients. Twenty individual biomarkers discriminated between IPF and controls and four showed correlation with lung function. Meta-analysis of three studies indicated mean (± SD) alveolar nitric oxide (CalvNO) levels were significantly higher in IPF (8.5 ± 5.5 ppb) than controls (4.4 ± 2.2 ppb). Markers of oxidative stress in exhaled breath condensate, such as hydrogen peroxide and 8-isoprostane, were also discriminatory. Two breathomic studies have isolated discriminative compounds using mass spectrometry. There was a lack of studies assessing relevant treatment and none assessed differences in diagnostic subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests CalvNO is higher in IPF, although studies were limited by small sample size. Further breathomic work may identify biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conal Hayton
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- North West Lung Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | | | - Andrew M Wilson
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Nazia Chaudhuri
- North West Lung Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Colm Leonard
- North West Lung Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen J Fowler
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- North West Lung Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Tanaka S, Miyoshi K, Higo H, Kurosaki T, Otani S, Sugimoto S, Yamane M, Kiura K, Toyooka S, Oto T. Lung transplant candidates with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and long-term pirfenidone therapy: Treatment feasibility influences waitlist survival. Respir Investig 2019; 57:165-171. [PMID: 30600175 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronically progressive lung disease with exceptionally poor prognosis. While lung transplantation (LTx) is considered the last-resort therapeutic option, dismal waitlist mortality still hampers the salvage of patients with IPF. Pirfenidone, originally designed for IPF treatment, has increasingly been utilized. This study aimed to evaluate whether Pirfenidone could influence outcomes of patients with IPF on the Japanese LTx waitlist. METHODS This retrospective single-center cohort study included 25 consecutive patients with IPF who were registered as LTx candidates at our institution between July 1999 and August 2016. Patients with a history of pretransplant Pirfenidone therapy (Pirfenidone group) were compared with those with no history (non-Pirfenidone group). RESULTS In total, 6 (24%) patients received Pirfenidone as pretransplant therapy for 45.2 (range, 18.6-66.8) months. During the treatment period, the Pirfenidone group achieved a significant reduction in the decline rate of the forced vital capacity (-6.2% vs. -0.3%, p = 0.04) and a lower lung allocation score (31 vs. 41, p = 0.013) compared with the non-Pirfenidone group. The Pirfenidone group exhibited 100% waitlist survival three years after registration that was comparable to other indications, and 66% of the patients were still alive at the time of organ availability. No patient in the Pirfenidone group developed Pirfenidone-related surgical complications postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Patients with IPF successfully managed with long-term Pirfenidone therapy achieved favorable outcomes after LTx registration, comparable to other patients with LTx indications. The tolerability to antifibrotic therapy can be a predictor of waitlist survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Tanaka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kentaroh Miyoshi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama Medical Center, 1711-1 Tamasu, Kita-ku, Okayama 701-1192, Japan.
| | - Hisao Higo
- Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kurosaki
- Organ Transplant Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinji Otani
- Organ Transplant Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sugimoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamane
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kiura
- Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takahiro Oto
- Organ Transplant Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Vainshelboim B, Kramer MR, Myers J, Unterman A, Izhakian S, Oliveira J. 8-Foot-Up-and-Go Test is Associated with Hospitalizations and Mortality in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Prospective Pilot Study. Lung 2019; 197:81-88. [PMID: 30600393 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-018-0189-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prognostic value of the 8-foot-up-and-go test (8-FUGT) in pilot cohort of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). METHODS Thirty-four patients with IPF (68 ± 8 years) underwent 8-FUGT at baseline and were followed for up to 40 months. Receiver operating characteristics and age-adjusted Cox hazard ratios (HR) were analyzed for 8-FUGT, hospitalizations, and mortality. Correlation coefficients were determined between 8-FUGT and other exercise tests. RESULTS 8-FUGT ≥ 6.9 s was found to be associated with hospitalization (sensitivity = 77%, specificity = 76%, p = 0.03) and mortality (sensitivity = 91%, specificity = 70% p = 0.008) in patients with IPF. Categorical models demonstrated that 8-FUGT ≥ 6.9 s was associated with 14.1- (p < 0.001) and 55.4-fold (p = 0.001) increased risks for hospitalization and mortality, respectively. In continuous models, for every 1-s slower performance in the 8-FUGT there were 54% [HR = 1.54, 95% CI (1.11-2.15) p = 0.01] increased risk for hospitalization and 94% [HR = 1.94, 95% CI (1.26-2.99) p = 0.003] increased risk for mortality. 8-FUGT was inversely related to 6-min walk distance (r = - 0.61), peak oxygen consumption (r = - 0.58), and peak work rate (r = - 0.72), all p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS The 8-FUGT was strongly associated with hospitalizations and mortality in patients with IPF, as well as correlated with established prognostic markers. These novel findings suggest a prognostic value of the 8-FUGT for risk stratification, referral to pulmonary rehabilitation, and considering listing for lung transplantation. 8-FUGT is an inexpensive and practical tool that has prospective for implementation in clinical and research settings in IPF. Future prospective studies should evaluate the effect of changes in 8-FUGT on clinical outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01499745, Clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch Vainshelboim
- Master of Cancer Care Program, School of Health Sciences, Saint Francis University, Loretto, PA, USA. .,Pulmonary Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel. .,Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mordechai Reuven Kramer
- Pulmonary Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jonathan Myers
- Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System/Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Avraham Unterman
- Pulmonary Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shimon Izhakian
- Pulmonary Institute, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jose Oliveira
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Lung Transplantation for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Respir Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99975-3_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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137
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Chung JH, Kanne JP. Imaging of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Respir Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99975-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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138
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The Keys to Making a Confident Diagnosis of IPF. Respir Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99975-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wu W, Li Y, Jiao Z, Zhang L, Wang X, Qin R. Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin from Phyllanthus amarus ameliorates immune-inflammatory response in ovalbumin-induced asthma: role of IgE, Nrf2, iNOs, TNF-α, and IL's. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 41:55-67. [PMID: 30541359 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1545788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Asthma is a chronic airway immunoinflammatory disorder characterized by airway remodeling. Phyllanthus amarus has been reported to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Aim: To evaluate the possible mechanism of action of isolated phytoconstituents from P. amarus (PA) against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced experimental airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Material and method: Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin were isolated and characterized (HPLC) from the methanolic extract of PA. AHR was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by OVA-challenged, and animals were treated with PA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 28 days. Results: The HPLC analysis showed the presence of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin in methanolic extract of PA at RT of 25.243 and 26.832 min, respectively. OVA-induced alterations in hemodynamic parameters, lung functions test, peripheral blood oxygen level, total, and differential cell count in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid was significantly attenuated (p < .05) by PA (100 and 200 mg/kg). It also significantly decreased (p < .05) the levels of total protein and albumin in serum, BALF, and lungs. OVA-induced increase in IgE (total and OVA-specific), and oxido-nitrosative stress (SOD, GSH, MDA, and NO) levels were significantly (p < .05) decreased by PA. RT-PCR analysis revealed that elevated oxido-nitrosative stress (Nrf2 and iNOs), immune-inflammatory makers (HO-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β1), Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-6) levels were significantly attenuated (p < .05) by PA. PA also attenuated histological and ultrastructural aberrations induced by OVA. Conclusion: Results of the present investigation demonstrated that the presence of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin in P. amarus alleviated Th2 response in OVA-induced AHR via modulation of endogenous markers in a murine model of asthma. Thus, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin may be a new therapeutic approach for the management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- a Department of Pediatrics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , P.R. China.,b Department of Pediatrics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Yinfang Li
- c Department of Pediatrics , Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Zelin Jiao
- b Department of Pediatrics , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- c Department of Pediatrics , Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- c Department of Pediatrics , Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Rui Qin
- a Department of Pediatrics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , P.R. China
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Matsumoto T, Iwano S, Takahashi N, Asai S, Watanabe T, Asai N, Sobue Y, Ito S, Ishiguro N, Kojima T. Association between chest computed tomography findings and respiratory adverse events in rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing long-term biological therapy. Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 22:626-635. [PMID: 30411520 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the association between chest computed tomography (CT) findings and incidence of respiratory adverse events (RAEs), and to detect risk factors for RAEs, in RA patients treated with long-term biological therapy. METHODS Clinical and radiological data of 332 RA patients who were treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were collected. CT data were assessed by an experienced radiologist. Patients were categorized into the interstitial lung disease (ILD) group (n = 29), airway disease (AD) group (n = 76), co-existing ILD and AD (Co-existing) group (n = 6), and the group without detectable change (WDC, n = 221) based on CT findings and scores. The incidence of RAEs was calculated for each group, and risk factors for RAEs from CT findings were explored. RESULTS We identified 41 RAEs, including acute onset or exacerbation of ILD (ILD events, n = 15), respiratory tract infection events (infection events, n = 21), and other events (n = 6). Cumulative incidences of ILD events were 20.2, 3.75, 47.2, and 1.94 (/1000 patient-years: PY) in the ILD, AD, Co-existing, and WDC groups, respectively, and those of infection events were 11.3, 17.6, 23.6, and 2.39 (/1000PY), respectively. Severity, as assessed by CT scores, was correlated with the incidence of RAEs. Risk factors for ILD events were reticular and honeycomb changes, and those for infection events were consolidation, bronchial wall thickening, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, air trapping, and atelectasis after adjusting for background factors. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight particular CT findings that are associated with RAEs in RA patients undergoing long-term biological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwano
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobunori Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuji Asai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Asai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasumori Sobue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kojima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rheumatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Ji YD, Luo ZL, Chen CX, Li B, Gong J, Wang YX, Chen L, Yao SL, Shang Y. BML-111 suppresses TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblast activation in vitro and decreases experimental pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3083-3092. [PMID: 30280199 PMCID: PMC6202103 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an aggressive end‑stage disease. Transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1) mediates lung fibroblast activation and is essential for the progress of pulmonary fibrosis. BML‑111, a lipoxinA4 (LXA4) receptor (ALX) agonist, has been reported to possess anti‑fibrotic properties. The present study aimed to elucidate whether BML‑111 inhibits TGF‑β1‑induced mouse embryo lung fibroblast (NIH3T3 cell line) activation in vitro and bleomycin (BLM)‑induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. In vitro experiments demonstrated that BML‑111 treatment inhibits TGF‑β1‑induced NIH3T3 cell viability and the expression of smooth muscle α actin (α‑SMA), fibronectin and total collagen. Furthermore, this suppressive effect was associated with mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)2/3, extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt phosphorylation interference. In vivo experiments revealed that BML‑111 treatment markedly improved survival rate and ameliorated the destruction of lung tissue structure. It also reduced interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β), tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and TGF‑β1 expression in the BLM intratracheal mouse model. In addition, the expression ofα‑SMA and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition (total collagen, hydroxyproline and fibronectin) were also suppressed following BML‑111 treatment. However, BOC‑2, an antagonist of ALX, partially weakened the effects of BML‑111. In conclusion, these results indicated that BML‑111 inhibits TGF‑β1‑induced fibroblasts activation and alleviates BLM‑induced pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, BML‑111 may be used as a potential therapeutic agent for pulmonary fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Long Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Xiu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Xin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shang-Long Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - You Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Bamberg A, Redente EF, Groshong SD, Tuder RM, Cool CD, Keith RC, Edelman BL, Black BP, Cosgrove GP, Wynes MW, Curran-Everett D, De Langhe S, Ortiz LA, Thorburn A, Riches DWH. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-N13 Promotes Myofibroblast Resistance to Apoptosis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198:914-927. [PMID: 29727583 PMCID: PMC6173065 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201707-1497oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fibrotic interstitial lung disease characterized by (myo)fibroblast accumulation and collagen deposition. Resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis is thought to facilitate (myo)fibroblast persistence in fibrotic lung tissues by poorly understood mechanisms. OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that PTPN13 (protein tyrosine phosphatase-N13) is expressed by IPF lung (myo)fibroblasts, promotes their resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis, and contributes to the development of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS PTPN13 was localized in lung tissues from patients with IPF and control subjects by immunohistochemical staining. Inhibition of PTPN13 function in primary IPF and normal lung (myo)fibroblasts was accomplished by: 1) downregulation with TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α)/IFN-γ, 2) siRNA knockdown, or 3) a cell-permeable Fas/PTPN13 interaction inhibitory peptide. The role of PTPN13 in the development of pulmonary fibrosis was assessed in mice with genetic deficiency of PTP-BL, the murine ortholog of PTPN13. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS PTPN13 was constitutively expressed by (myo)fibroblasts in the fibroblastic foci of patients with IPF. Human lung (myo)fibroblasts, which are resistant to Fas-induced apoptosis, basally expressed PTPN13 in vitro. TNF-α/IFN-γ or siRNA-mediated PTPN13 downregulation and peptide-mediated inhibition of the Fas/PTPN13 interaction in human lung (myo)fibroblasts promoted Fas-induced apoptosis. Bleomycin-challenged PTP-BL-/- mice, while developing inflammatory lung injury, exhibited reduced pulmonary fibrosis compared with wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that PTPN13 mediates the resistance of human lung (myo)fibroblasts to Fas-induced apoptosis and promotes pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Our results suggest that strategies aimed at interfering with PTPN13 expression or function may represent a novel strategy to reduce fibrosis in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Bamberg
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology
| | - Elizabeth F. Redente
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, Colorado
| | - Steve D. Groshong
- Department of Medicine, and
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Rubin M. Tuder
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Carlyne D. Cool
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Rebecca C. Keith
- Department of Medicine, and
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | | | - Gregory P. Cosgrove
- Department of Medicine, and
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Murry W. Wynes
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | - Stijn De Langhe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and
| | - Luis A. Ortiz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew Thorburn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David W. H. Riches
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, Colorado
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144
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Yoon HY, Kim TH, Seo JB, Lee SM, Lim S, Lee HN, Kim N, Han M, Kim DS, Song JW. Effects of emphysema on physiological and prognostic characteristics of lung function in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology 2018; 24:55-62. [PMID: 30136753 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is characterized by preserved lung volume and slower lung function decline. However, it is unclear at what extent emphysema begins to impact respiratory physiology and prognostic characteristics in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We estimated the extent of emphysema that could be used to define CPFE in IPF. METHODS The extent of emphysema was observed on high-resolution computed tomography scans and measured by a texture-based automated quantification system in 209 IPF patients. We analysed the impact of differences in the extent of emphysema on the annual decline rate and prognostic significance of lung function parameters. RESULTS The extent of emphysema was ≥5% in 53 patients (25%), ≥10% in 23 patients (11%) and ≥15% in 12 patients (6%). Patients with emphysema to an extent of ≥5% were more frequently men and ever-smokers; they had more preserved lung volume and lower forced vital capacity (FVC) decline rates than those with no or trivial emphysema. The FVC decline rate was a significant predictor of mortality in patients with no or trivial emphysema (hazard ratio (HR): 0.933, P < 0.001) and in patients with an extent of emphysema ≥5% (HR: 0.906, P < 0.001). However, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO ) was the most significant prognostic factor in those patients with an extent of emphysema ≥10% (HR: 0.972, P = 0.040) and ≥15% (HR: 0.942, P = 0.023). A 10% cut-off value for the extent of emphysema created the most significant difference in the annual FVC decline rate in IPF patients. CONCLUSION In IPF, emphysema to an extent of ≥10% affects both the annual decline rate and the prognostic significance of FVC. This extent could be used to define CPFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Yoon
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeoun Lim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Na Lee
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namkug Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Han
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Soon Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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145
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JafariNezhad A, YektaKooshali MH. Lung cancer in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202360. [PMID: 30114238 PMCID: PMC6095562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are many epidemiological pieces of evidence that show IPF patients have the highest risk of lung cancer. We conducted a systematic review of all published data to define the characteristics of lung cancer that develops in IPF by performing a meta-analysis. METHOD This study was performed based on the PRISMA guideline. Documents gathered by searching through the Web of Sciences, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, OVID, and COCHRANE databases which published before 03/25/2018 that related to lung cancer in IPFs' patients. Articles were searched using standard keywords as well as Mesh and Mesh Entry and all probabilistic combinations of words using Boolean operators. Data searching, extracting and quality appraising were done by two researchers, independently. At last, Random-effects size based on Cochrane test and I2 were used. The review protocol has been registered in PROSPERO with ID: CRD42018094037. RESULTS Based on the meta-analysis conducted in 35 (0.18%) included studies, the total sample size of patients with IPF was estimated 131947 among whom 6384 had LC. The total rate of LC prevalence in IPF patients was estimated to be 13.54% (95% CI: 10.43-17.4) that was significantly 9 times higher in men vs. Women and smoker vs. non-smoker. Highest to lowest prevalence of cellular (histological) subtypes of lung cancer in IPF were SQCC (37.82%), ADC (30.79%), SmCC (20.48%), LCC (5.21%), and ADQC (4.81%), respectively. The highest and lowest stage of lung cancer in IPF patients was estimated at III and II, respectively. The highest involvement location of lung cancer in IPF patients was in the Peripheral. Also, the prevalence of the tumor region involved from the highest to the lowest was estimated to be in the RLL, LLL, RUL and LUL regions. CONCLUSIONS Lung cancer in IPF, most commonly SQCC, presents in elderly heavy smokers with a male, locating in peripheral regions and the lower part of lung predominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- AliReza JafariNezhad
- Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein YektaKooshali
- Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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146
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Barratt SL, Creamer A, Hayton C, Chaudhuri N. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF): An Overview. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7080201. [PMID: 30082599 PMCID: PMC6111543 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7080201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease characterised by chronic, progressive scarring of the lungs and the pathological hallmark of usual interstitial pneumonia. Current paradigms suggest alveolar epithelial cell damage is a key initiating factor. Globally, incidence of the disease is rising, with associated high morbidity, mortality, and economic healthcare burden. Diagnosis relies on a multidisciplinary team approach with exclusion of other causes of interstitial lung disease. Over recent years, two novel antifibrotic therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have been developed, providing treatment options for many patients with IPF, with several other agents in early clinical trials. Current efforts are directed at identifying key biomarkers that may direct more customized patient-centred healthcare to improve outcomes for these patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaney L Barratt
- Bristol Interstitial Lung Disease Service, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
- Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Andrew Creamer
- Bristol Interstitial Lung Disease Service, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Conal Hayton
- North West Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.
| | - Nazia Chaudhuri
- North West Interstitial Lung Disease Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.
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147
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Jiang Y, Luo Q, Han Q, Huang J, Ou Y, Chen M, Wen Y, Mosha SS, Deng K, Chen R. Sequential changes of serum KL-6 predict the progression of interstitial lung disease. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:4705-4714. [PMID: 30233842 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.07.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a slowly progressing fatal fibrotic lung disease with a widely variable clinical course and a poor prognosis. Clinicians and patients would benefit from a highly efficient and accurate predictor for ILD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether blood biomarkers can predict ILD progression. Methods In this study, 85 patients diagnosed as having ILD at the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health participated, including 20 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). During the mean follow-up time of 12 months, every patient was examined during four or five visits in our center. Serum samples were collected at baseline, and after 1, 2, 6, and 12 months and tested for the Klebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) concentration. Dynamic fluctuations in this biomarker concentration were examined using a logistic regression model to see if they reflected the progression of ILD. Results The baseline levels of serum KL-6 in the ILD patients were significantly increased compared to healthy controls. Serum KL-6 levels were significantly elevated in patients with progression of disease (1,985.2±1,497.8 vs. 1,387.6±1,313.1 µg/mL; P<0.001). Logistic regression revealed sequential changes of KL-6 was a significant predictor of ILD progression in the next follow-up (OR, 2.569; 95% CI, 2.260-2.880; P=0.001), and that sequential changes of KL-6 were significant predictors for the progression of IPF (OR, 3.611; 95% CI, 1.048-12.442; P<0.01). Baseline concentrations were not predictive for ILD or IPF. Univariate Cox analysis showed that KL-6 was significantly associated with survival [relative risk (RR), 1.901; 95% CI, 1.294-2.793; P<0.001], along with other variables. Conclusions Serum levels of KL-6 were elevated in ILD patients with severe respiratory function compared to those without. The rate of poor prognosis and mortality was associated with increased biomarker concentrations. Sequential measurements of biomarkers could be valuable in disease monitoring and evaluations in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qun Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qian Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Junting Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yonger Ou
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Miao Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yu Wen
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Silas Sethiel Mosha
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kuimiao Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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148
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Impact of mediastinal lymph node enlargement on the prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201154. [PMID: 30044866 PMCID: PMC6059471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mediastinal lymph node enlargement (LNE) is common in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and is known to be associated with the severity of lung fibrosis. However, the relationship between mediastinal LNE and the prognosis of IPF has not been determined to date. Methods This study included patients with IPF from the interstitial lung disease registry at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, from January 2012 to March 2016. Two thoracic radiologists independently reviewed mediastinal LNE and lung parenchymal fibrosis and ground glass opacities in chest computed tomography scans of each patient, which were obtained upon diagnosis. Mortality and admission rates were analyzed. Results In total, 132 patients (104 [78.8%] male; median age, 72 years; range, 51–84 years) were enrolled and 73 (55.3%) patients had mediastinal LNE (short axis ≥ 10 mm in diameter). Mortality was significantly higher among patients with LNE than among those without LNE (hazard ratio 2.26 [95% confidence interval 1.20–4.23], p = 0.011). Of the patients with LNE, 24.7% experienced acute exacerbation and 43.8% experienced hospital admission for respiratory causes, in comparison with 16.9% and 40.0% of patients without LNE respectively. Although patients with LNE had a tendency to have increased rate of acute exacerbation, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion Mediastinal LNE in IPF is associated with increased mortality and its occurrence may be considered a poor prognostic factor in patients with IPF.
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149
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Abstract
The selection of appropriate recipients for lung transplantation is an evolving discipline. As experience with the procedure has developed over the last decades, the identification of transplant candidates has also changed as transplant centers strive to safely provide the therapy to as many patients possible. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) has developed three editions of recipient selection guidelines. Published in 1998, 2006, and 2015, these guidelines represented the best information relevant to the appropriate selection of lung transplant candidates. A discussion of areas supported by the most robust scientific data will be undertaken, but in many aspects of recipient selection, there is a paucity of data upon which to rely. Therefore, it is ultimately the prerogative and responsibility of individual centers to determine, after carefully weighing the best evidence available, whether a patient is deemed a suitable candidate at a specific program. All possible indications and contraindications for transplantation will be reviewed with attention also given to the appropriate timing of referral and listing of patients with advanced lung disease to a transplant center.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weill
- Weill Consulting Group, New Orleans, LA, USA
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150
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Gannon WD, Lederer DJ, Biscotti M, Javaid A, Patel NM, Brodie D, Bacchetta M, Baldwin MR. Outcomes and Mortality Prediction Model of Critically Ill Adults With Acute Respiratory Failure and Interstitial Lung Disease. Chest 2018; 153:1387-1395. [PMID: 29353024 PMCID: PMC6026289 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine short- and long-term mortality in a mixed population of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) with acute respiratory failure, and to identify those at lower vs higher risk of in-hospital death. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of 126 consecutive adults with ILD admitted to an ICU for respiratory failure at a tertiary care hospital between 2010 and 2014 and who did not undergo lung transplantation during their hospitalization. We examined associations of ICU-day 1 characteristics with in-hospital and 1-year mortality, using Poisson regression, and examined survival using Kaplan-Meier curves. We created a risk score for in-hospital mortality, using a model developed with penalized regression. RESULTS In-hospital mortality was 66%, and 1-year mortality was 80%. Those with connective tissue disease-related ILD had better short-term and long-term mortality compared with unclassifiable ILD (adjusted relative risk, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-0.9; and relative risk, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.9, respectively). Our prediction model includes male sex, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis diagnosis, use of invasive mechanical ventilation and/or extracorporeal life support, no ambulation within 24 h of ICU admission, BMI, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score-II. The optimism-corrected C-statistic was 0.73, and model calibration was excellent (P = .99). In-hospital mortality rates for the low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups were 33%, 65%, and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We created a risk score that classifies patients with ILD with acute respiratory failure from low to high risk for in-hospital mortality. The score could aid providers in counseling these patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney D Gannon
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - David J Lederer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Mauer Biscotti
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Azka Javaid
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Nina M Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Daniel Brodie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Matthew Bacchetta
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Matthew R Baldwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY.
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