101
|
Lundberg Zachrisson A, Desai P, Karlsson J, Grau S. Occurrence of overuse injuries in elite Swedish athletics—A prospective cohort study over one athletics season. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lundberg Zachrisson
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science Center for Health and Performance University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Pia Desai
- Department of Orthopaedics at Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Jon Karlsson
- Department of Orthopaedics at Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Stefan Grau
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science Center for Health and Performance University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and implement a prospective varsity athlete surveillance system to identify injury and illness trends in a multisport varsity-level university setting. DESIGN Longitudinal prospective surveillance study. SETTING Varsity-level sport program at the University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Athletic therapists (ATs) (n = 35) from 17 varsity sports provided injury and illness information on 624 varsity-level athletes (381 men and 243 women) during the 2016/2017 competitive season. INTERVENTIONS Team ATs reported athlete health complaints weekly. Athletes reported additional details on the injury or illness that was reported. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The outcome measurements included when the injury or illness occurred, anatomical location, diagnosis, cause, perceived severity, treatment, estimated athlete exposure (AE) to training and competition, and time loss from sport. Measures were recorded from the teams' first competition through to the end the season and/or playoffs. RESULTS Twenty-nine of 30 varsity sports teams participated in this injury and illness surveillance protocol. The compliance of team ATs and varsity athletes was 89% (men: 94%, women: 82%). The overall injury and illness rates were 5.5 injuries and 1.7 illnesses per 1000 AEs, respectively. Men's injury rates were greater than women's, and injury rates of contact sports were greater than noncontact sports. CONCLUSIONS The utilization of a prospective injury and illness surveillance protocol in the Canadian University sport system is feasible with good athlete, AT, and coach acceptance. The surveillance data should inform future injury and illness prevention strategies.
Collapse
|
103
|
Grant ME, Steffen K, Palmer D. The usage of multidisciplinary physical therapies at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Summer Games: an observational study. Braz J Phys Ther 2020; 25:262-270. [PMID: 32576442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This observational research study analyses the uptake of physical therapies treatments in the Polyclinic during the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. OBJECTIVE To describe the usage of physical therapies services - physical therapy, osteopath, chiropractic, and sports massage - by athletes and non-athletes and across different sports. METHODS The multidisciplinary team of physical therapies recorded treatment modalities, information on provider discipline and reason for attendance, in an Electronic Medical Record system throughout the 32 days of operation of the Olympic Polyclinic. Cold-therapy total immersion ice baths (TIIB) were provided as part of the services, but were reported and analysed separately. RESULTS There were 4993 encounters (4038 athletes, 955 non-athlete encounters). 1395 athletes (12.4% of all athletes) and 393 non-athletes sought treatment. For all four provider disciplines, in addition to TIIB, the primary reason for athlete attendance was for recovery (52% of all encounters), followed by injury treatment (30%), and maintenance (16%). Athletes reported "injury" as the main reason for physical therapy (92% of all encounters, 2.8 encounters per athlete), chiropractic (94%, 1.9) and osteopathy (91%, 1.8) visits. Almost all TIIB visits were used for recovery (98% of all TIIB encounters; 2.1 encounters per athlete). Athletes from handball (37% of all handball athletes), followed by judo (22%), and athletics (21%), presented the largest user groups. CONCLUSION This Olympic Polyclinic study evaluates the physical therapies' activity, and athlete's reason for use of the multidisciplinary physical therapies team, including total immersion ice bath provision. These results emphasise the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Elaine Grant
- Institute of Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; IOC Medical and Scientific Commission (Games Group), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Kathrin Steffen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Debbie Palmer
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Division of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Kennedy MI, Moatshe G, Engebretsen L. Global Forum: Orthopaedic Physicians in the Winter and Summer Olympic Games. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2020; 102:e52. [PMID: 32187122 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.19.01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In training for and performing in the sporting competitions of the Olympic Games, athletes endure a variety of injuries that can lead to the development of a chronic musculoskeletal condition. Injury surveillance studies are in place for each event to collect epidemiological data in an attempt to enhance injury prevention for future Winter and Summer Olympic Games. Periodic health evaluations also are used to screen for injuries and monitor athletes' health in order to take measures to reduce the risk of reinjury. Orthopaedic physicians work to improve sport-specific injury prevention protocols to create a safe environment for competition and ultimately reduce the occurrence of injuries throughout the Olympic Games.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gilbert Moatshe
- Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Orthopedics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Orthopedics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Bisciotti GN, Chamari K, Cena E, Carimati G, Bisciotti A, Bisciotti A, Quaglia A, Volpi P. Hamstring Injuries Prevention in Soccer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature. JOINTS 2020; 7:115-126. [PMID: 34195539 PMCID: PMC8236328 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hamstring injuries and reinjuries are one of the most important sport lesions in several sport activities including soccer, Australian football, track and field, rugby, and in general in all sport activities requiring sprinting and acceleration. However, it is important to distinguish between the lesions of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus and semimembranosus. Indeed, three muscles representing the hamstring complex have a very different injury etiology and consequently require different prevention strategies. This fact may explain, at least in part, the high incidence of reinjuries. In soccer, hamstring injuries cause an important rate of time loss (i.e., in average 15–21 matches missed per club per season). The hamstring injury risk factors may be subdivided in three categories: “primary injury risk factors” (i.e., the risk factors mainly causing a first lesion), “recurrent injury risk factors” (i.e., the risk that can cause a reinjury), and bivalent injury risk factors” (i.e., the risk factors that can cause both primary injuries and reinjuries). The high incidence of hamstring lesions caused consequently an important increase in hamstring injury research. However, although the prevention has increased paradoxically, epidemiological data do not show a loss in injuries and/or reinjuries but, on the contrary, they show an increase in hamstring injuries. This apparent paradox highlights the importance both of the improvement in the prevention programs quality and the criteria for return to play after hamstring injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Nicola Bisciotti
- Qatar Orthopaedic and Sport Medicine Hospital, FIFA Center of Excellence, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karim Chamari
- Qatar Orthopaedic and Sport Medicine Hospital, FIFA Center of Excellence, Doha, Qatar
| | - Emanuele Cena
- Qatar Orthopaedic and Sport Medicine Hospital, FIFA Center of Excellence, Doha, Qatar
| | - Giulia Carimati
- Orthopedic Knee and Sports Traumatology Department, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandro Quaglia
- Orthopedic Knee and Sports Traumatology Department, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Piero Volpi
- Orthopedic Knee and Sports Traumatology Department, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,FC Internazionale, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Sharma S, Dhillon MS, Kumar P, Rajnish RK. Patterns and Trends of Foot and Ankle Injuries in Olympic Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Indian J Orthop 2020; 54:294-307. [PMID: 32399148 PMCID: PMC7205976 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-020-00058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Foot and ankle injuries in elite athletes can result in decreased performance, absence from sport and prolonged morbidity. There is paucity of data on foot and ankle injuries in Olympics athletes. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed and EMBASE databases. Studies in English language that reported the incidence and/or prevalence of foot and ankle injuries in during Olympics games (summer, winter and youth Olympics) were included. Studies in languages other than English, those that looked at injuries other than foot and ankle injuries, studies looking at injuries in non-Olympics events and those looking at Olympics trials were excluded. We determined the injury rates and burden of foot and ankle injuries. We also looked at the patterns and trends of foot and ankle injuries. RESULTS A total of 399 foot and ankle injuries from 25 publications were included in the review. Foot and ankle injury rates ranged from 0.09 to 0.42 injuries per athlete-years for summer Olympics and 0.02-0.35 injuries per athlete-years for winter Olympics. Quantitative analysis revealed that foot and ankle injuries contributed to 16.9% of all injuries (95% CI 8.1-31.9%) for summer Olympics and 5.1% of all injuries (95% CI 1.9-12.6%) for winter Olympics; however, a high statistical heterogeneity was noted. The three most common injuries were tendon injuries, ligament injuries and stress fractures. The rates and burden of foot and ankle injuries showed a declining trend. CONCLUSIONS Foot and ankle injuries are an important cause of morbidity amongst Olympics athletes. The declining trend amongst these injuries notwithstanding, there is a need for a global electronic database for reporting of injuries in Olympics athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Sharma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mandeep S. Dhillon
- Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Prasoon Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Rajnish
- Department of Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elite and Olympian athletes are often stretching the upper limits of normal physiology and biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system in their efforts to excel in their sport. For them to get back to their sport at the same level after injury, the management, repair techniques, and rehabilitation protocols should be robust to permit healing of tissues to allow supra-normal loading and performance. The knee and the meniscus are commonly injured in these sports. Yet, the incidence, mechanisms, types of injuries to the meniscus, and their management are not known across different sports in the Olympics. METHODS We set out to look into the incidence and the trends of publications on meniscal injuries of the knee in Olympic games. A search of the PubMed and Scopus for these injuries using a search strategy gave 79 and 116 articles, respectively. RESULTS There were very few publications giving the incidence of meniscal injuries in the Olympics. Football is the sport with the highest rate of meniscal injuries. Different sports are popular in different countries, and depending on the popularity and the country reporting these injuries, incidences differed. There was data available from India and Brazil for Elite athlete from diverse sports, whereas most data from other countries were for football and soccer. Knee was found to be the second most commonly injured part of the body in both Winter and Summer Olympics as well as the Youth Winter Olympics. Data were not available from the Youth Summer Olympics to make any conclusions. The number of publications on this topic is low. We presented the timeline of publications and citations of articles on this topic. The top country, language, journal, university, and author were USA, English, American Journal of Sports Medicine, Hospital of Special Surgery in New York and Brophy RH, respectively. The data on the risk factors for meniscal injuries were analyzed, discussed, and presented for football, as this was the most extensively studied sport. CONCLUSIONS Even though the knee is one of the commonly injured anatomical locations in elite athletes, there is a lack of literature on meniscal injuries in this subset of population. We looked at possible reasons and made recommendations to improve data collection on these injuries.
Collapse
|
108
|
Mey W, Schuh-Renner A, Anderson MK, Stevenson-LaMartina H, Grier T. Risk factors for injury among military working dogs deployed to Iraq. Prev Vet Med 2020; 176:104911. [PMID: 32066025 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.104911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is limited literature concerning the types of injuries that military working dogs (MWDs) face while in a deployed theater of operations and associated risk factors. To summarize injuries and identify injury risk factors in MWDs during their first deployments to Iraq, demographic and medical data were collected for 794 MWDs from the U.S. Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps that deployed to Iraq between March 20, 2003 and December 31, 2007. Sixty-two percent (n = 490) had a medical encounter during deployment. Injuries were categorized as traumatic or musculoskeletal. MWD demographics, characteristics, and injury types were summarized. Injury risk factors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. A majority of the population were German Shepherds (56 %), intact males (49 %), and dogs certified in both patrol and explosives detection (73 %). During their first deployment to Iraq, 20 % (n = 156) experienced an injury. Risk factors included breed, age, and occupational certification. Belgian Malinois and Labrador Retriever dogs had greater odds of injury compared to German Shepherds (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02) and the oldest MWDs had about a 50 % higher risk of injury compared to the youngest (p = 0.01), especially for musculoskeletal injuries. MWDs with Specialized Search certification were at increased injury risk (p = 0.02). Training, equipment, and supplies for veterinary service personnel, MWD handlers, and MWDs should be tailored with consideration of the injury risks of the MWD population. Further study is needed to investigate chronic injuries in military working dogs to better understand causation and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Mey
- U.S. Army Public Health Center, One Health Division, Veterinary Services and Public Health Sanitation Directorate, E-5158, 8252 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| | - Anna Schuh-Renner
- U.S. Army Public Health Center, Injury Prevention Program, Clinical Public Health and Epidemiology Directorate, E-1570, 8977 Sibert Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA.
| | - Morgan K Anderson
- U.S. Army Public Health Center, Injury Prevention Program, Clinical Public Health and Epidemiology Directorate, E-1570, 8977 Sibert Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| | - Heather Stevenson-LaMartina
- U.S. Army Public Health Center, One Health Division, Veterinary Services and Public Health Sanitation Directorate, E-5158, 8252 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| | - Tyson Grier
- U.S. Army Public Health Center, Injury Prevention Program, Clinical Public Health and Epidemiology Directorate, E-1570, 8977 Sibert Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, 21010, USA
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Luig P, Krutsch W, Henke T, Klein C, Bloch H, Platen P, Achenbach L. Contact - but not foul play - dominates injury mechanisms in men's professional handball: a video match analysis of 580 injuries. Br J Sports Med 2020; 54:984-990. [PMID: 31969347 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to identify patterns and mechanisms of injury situations in men's professional handball by means of video match analysis. METHODS Moderate and severe injuries (absence of >7 days) sustained in competition in one of six seasons (2010 to 2013 and 2014 to 2017) in men's professional handball were prospectively analysed with a newly developed standardised observation form. Season 2013 to 2014 was excluded because of missing video material. RESULTS 580 injuries were identified: 298 (51.4%) contact injuries, 151 (26.0%) indirect contact injuries and 131 (22.6%) non-contact injuries. Head (87.5%), hand (83.8%), shoulder (70.2%) and ankle (62.9%) injuries were mainly sustained during direct contact. Typical contact injuries included collision with an opponent's upper extremity or torso, and ankle injuries mainly consisted of foot-to-foot collisions. A large proportion (41.7%) of knee injuries were caused by indirect contact, whereas thigh injuries mainly occurred (56.4%) through non-contact mechanism. Wing (56.9%) and pivot (58.4%) players had the highest proportion of contact injuries, whereas backcourt players had a high proportion of indirect contact injuries (31.5%) and goalkeepers of non-contact injuries (48.9%). The injury proportion of foul play was 28.4%. Most injuries occurred in the central zone between the 6-metre and 9-metre lines (26.1%) and during the last 10 min of each match half (OR 1.71, p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS In men's professional handball in a league setting, contact - but not foul play - was the most common mechanism associated with moderate and severe injuries. Head, hand, shoulder and ankle injury were mainly sustained during direct contact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Luig
- Department of Sports Injury Prevention, VBG, German Statutory Accident Insurance for the Administrative Sector, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Werner Krutsch
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Clinic Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Klein
- Department of Sports Injury Prevention, VBG, German Statutory Accident Insurance for the Administrative Sector, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bloch
- Department of Sports Injury Prevention, VBG, German Statutory Accident Insurance for the Administrative Sector, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Platen
- Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Leonard Achenbach
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Bayern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Ferenczi A, Moraux A, Gall FL, Thevenon A, Wieczorek V. Relationship Between Spinal-Pelvic Sagittal Balance and Pelvic-Femoral Injuries in Professional Soccer Players. Orthop J Sports Med 2020; 8:2325967119894962. [PMID: 31934595 PMCID: PMC6947882 DOI: 10.1177/2325967119894962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pelvic-femoral injuries are a common problem in football (soccer) players. However, the risk factors for these injuries are unclear. Our knowledge of spinal-pelvic sagittal balance has increased considerably over the past few years, notably as a result of new radiographic techniques such the EOS radiographic imaging system. Purpose To investigate the link between spinal-pelvic sagittal balance on EOS imaging and the incidence of pelvic-femoral injuries. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods Players in a League 1 professional soccer team were observed for 5 consecutive seasons. All players included in the study underwent EOS radiographic imaging. All acute and microtraumatic injuries to the pelvic-femoral complex were recorded prospectively: hamstrings, psoas, quadriceps, adductors, obturators, and pubic symphysis. We analyzed the relationship between injury incidence and key radiographic parameters involved in pelvic balance. Results A total of 61 players were included (mean age, 24.5 years; n = 149 injuries; mean pelvic tilt, 9.08° ± 5.6°). A significant link was observed between the incidence of pelvic-femoral injuries and pelvic tilt (P = .02). A significant link was also observed between the incidence of acute pelvic-femoral injuries and pelvic tilt (P = .05). In both cases, a high pelvic tilt was associated with a low incidence of injuries. Conclusion In professional soccer players, a low pelvic tilt was associated with a high incidence of all pelvic-femoral injuries as well as acute pelvic-femoral injuries. These results could lead to new preventive methods for these musculotendinous injuries through physical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Ferenczi
- Service de Médecine du Sport et de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU Lille, France
| | - Antoine Moraux
- Hôpital Privé La Louvière, Lille, France.,Imagerie Jacquemars Giélée, Lille, France
| | | | - André Thevenon
- Service de Médecine du Sport et de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU Lille, France
| | - Valérie Wieczorek
- Service de Médecine du Sport et de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Steffen K, Soligard T, Mountjoy M, Dallo I, Gessara AM, Giuria H, Perez Alamino L, Rodriguez J, Salmina N, Veloz D, Budgett R, Engebretsen L. How do the new Olympic sports compare with the traditional Olympic sports? Injury and illness at the 2018 Youth Olympic Summer Games in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Br J Sports Med 2019; 54:168-175. [PMID: 31796464 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe injuries and illnesses across traditional and new sports among the participating athletes of the Buenos Aires 2018 Youth Olympic Summer Games (BA YOG) (6-18 October 2018). METHODS We recorded the daily number of athlete injuries and illnesses (1) through the reporting of all National Olympic Committee (NOC) medical teams and (2) in the polyclinic and medical venues manned by the BA YOG 2018 medical staff. RESULTS In total, 3.984 athletes from 206 NOCs were observed. NOCs and BA YOG 2018 medical staff reported 619 injuries and 334 illnesses, equalling 15.5 injuries and 8.4 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 13-day period. The eight new sports on the Youth Olympic programme (futsal, beach handball, karate, roller speed skating, kitesurfing, BMX freestyle, climbing and break dancing) fell in between the other sports with respect to injury and illness risk. Injury incidence was highest in rugby (43% of all rugby players), followed by boxing (33%) and badminton (24%), and lowest in swimming, archery, roller speed skating, equestrian, climbing and rowing (<5%). The highest incidences of illness were recorded in golf (20%), followed by triathlon (16%), beach volleyball and diving (both 14%). Of the illnesses, 50% affected the respiratory system and 15% the gastrointestinal system. Injury and illness incidences varied between continents with athletes representing Europe having significantly fewer injuries and illnesses compared with other continents, apart from a similar illness incidence to Asian athletes. CONCLUSION The overall injury incidence of 15.5 injuries per 100 athletes was higher, while the overall illness incidence of 8.4 illnesses per 100 athletes was similar to previous youth and Olympic Games. The new sports did not differ significantly compared with the other sports with respect to injury and illness risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Steffen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Oslo, Norway .,Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Torbjørn Soligard
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Margo Mountjoy
- Family Medicine, McMaster University Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Sports Medicine, FINA Bureau, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Veloz
- British Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Richard Budgett
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Oslo, Norway.,Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Heiss R, Guermazi A, Jarraya M, Engebretsen L, Hotfiel T, Parva P, Roemer FW. Prevalence of MRI-Detected Ankle Injuries in Athletes in the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympics. Acad Radiol 2019; 26:1605-1617. [PMID: 30799032 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence, severity, and location of ankle injuries as assessed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in athletes participating in the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympic Games. METHODS We analyzed all ankle MRIs that were acquired for suspected injury as reported by the National Olympic Committee medical teams and the Organizing Committee medical staff during the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics. Diagnostic imaging was performed through the Olympic Village Polyclinic. Images were interpreted retrospectively according to standardized criteria. RESULTS A total of 11,274 athletes participated in the Games, of which 89 (8.8%) were referred for an ankle MRI. Eighty-eight of the 89 (99%) had at least 1 abnormal finding, and some had as many as 27, for an average of 6.2 abnormalities per examination. Around one-fifth of all abnormal findings were considered pre-existing (21%) and 79% were assumed to be the result of an acute or subacute injury. The highest proportion of acute/subacute injuries per athlete occurred in ball sports (7.0 injuries per examination) and in the age group >30. Most pre-existing findings per athlete were identified in the group of others (no track and field or ball sports athletes) with 2.5 findings per examination and respectively in the age group >30 (1.7). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of acute and subacute, but also pre-existing injuries in Olympic athletes undergoing ankle MRI. Tendon injuries were the most common acute injuries, found mainly in ball sports athletes. Most pre-existing ankle injuries were identified at the ligaments.
Collapse
|
113
|
A 5-year review of a pitch side radiology unit at an international sports stadium. Ir J Med Sci 2019; 188:1391-1395. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-019-02013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
114
|
Walrod B, Turner W, Hartz C. A Prospective Cohort Study of Collegiate Fencing Injuries. Curr Sports Med Rep 2019; 18:361-366. [PMID: 31596752 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Data with respect to collegiate fencing injuries are very limited. We performed a prospective cohort study of a college fencing team to analyze the rates and types of injuries that occurred to this team over the course of a year. We noted that the injury rate was low, with 2.43 injuries per 1000 athlete exposures. We also noted that 75% of those injured had a time loss of less than 2 wk. A large percentage of our injuries (88%) were musculoskeletal in nature. There were equal numbers of acute and chronic injuries. Men and women had a similar rate of injury. In our study population, we noted that most of the injuries occurred in practice over competition (87.5% vs 12.5%, respectively). We compared the data from a small subset population with the current evidence published with respect to fencing injuries. We noted some similarities and also some differences when comparing certain populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryant Walrod
- The Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Wil Turner
- Department of Athletics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Clinton Hartz
- Wexner Medical Center, Outpatient Care Lewis Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Hollander K, Kluge S, Glöer F, Riepenhof H, Zech A, Junge A. Epidemiology of injuries during the Wheelchair Basketball World Championships 2018: A prospective cohort study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 30:199-207. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Hollander
- Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine BG Trauma Hospital of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
- Spaulding National Running Center Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA USA
| | - Sascha Kluge
- Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine BG Trauma Hospital of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Franziska Glöer
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Helge Riepenhof
- Department of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine BG Trauma Hospital of Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - Astrid Zech
- Institute of Sport Science Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany
| | - Astrid Junge
- Medical School Hamburg Hamburg Germany
- Schulthess Klinik and Swiss Concussion Center Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Azuma N, Sugano T, Shimizu I, Kosaka M. Injuries associated with Japanese high-school men's volleyball: a two-year survey and analysis. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:656-660. [PMID: 31528004 PMCID: PMC6698459 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] There are many factors associated with sports injuries in volleyball that remain unclear; therefore, many of these injuries are still not being effectively prevented. This study aimed to help effectively prevent injuries among and provide conditioning guidance to participants of a high-school men's volleyball team. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 36 males of a high-school men's volleyball team, and the circumstances of injury occurrence, injury type, injury site, exposure time, and injury rate per 1,000 player-hours were evaluated among these participants. [Results] Over the 2 year period, 68 injuries occurred, and the injury rate was 1.51/1,000 player-hours. Specifically, the injuries comprised 40 cases of trauma (58.8%) and 28 cases of disorders (41.2%). Additionally, injuries occurring during training tended to be disorders, and injuries occurring during matches tended to be traumas. The most common site of injury was the ankle joint. [Conclusion] The results suggest that it is important for players to have appropriate knowledge about the injuries, acquire accurate form, and undergo various types of site-specific training in order to prevent injury. In the future, the causes and circumstances of occurrence of injury must be verified in a larger number of participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhide Azuma
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Rehabilitation Physical Therapy, Fukui Health Science University: 55 Egami-cho 13-1, Fukui-city, Fukui 910-3190, Japan.,Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan
| | - Tomonari Sugano
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Rehabilitation Physical Therapy, Fukui Health Science University: 55 Egami-cho 13-1, Fukui-city, Fukui 910-3190, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Kosaka
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Mizoguchi Y, Akasaka K, Otsudo T, Hall T. Factors associated with low back pain in elite high school volleyball players. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:675-681. [PMID: 31528008 PMCID: PMC6698479 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To determine the relationship between low back pain and a range of
demographic, environmental, and injury history factors to identify potential factors for
the management of low back pain. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 123
elite high school male and female volleyball players. They answered an extensive
questionnaire regarding demographic details, low back pain in the previous year,
volleyball-specific movements, previous regional injuries, and years of volleyball
experience. Questionnaire responses were analyzed. Data were analyzed using a multivariate
logistic regression analysis using the presence and absence of low back pain within 1 year
as the explanatory variable. [Results] Of the 123 volleyball players, 48.0% reported low
back pain. The volleyball-specific movements that induced pain were diverse (e.g., spike,
serve, and pass) with no common factor. The factors associated with low back pain were an
ankle injury within the previous year and years of volleyball experience. [Conclusion] The
associations found in this survey indicate that particular attention should be given to
more experienced players with a history of ankle injury to manage low back pain in high
school volleyball players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Mizoguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Saitama Medical University Hospital, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Akasaka
- Saitama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine: 981 Kawakado, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama 350-0496, Japan.,School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Takahiro Otsudo
- Saitama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine: 981 Kawakado, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama 350-0496, Japan.,School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, Japan
| | - Toby Hall
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Nabhan D, Windt J, Taylor D, Moreau W. Close encounters of the US kind: illness and injury among US athletes at the PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympic Games. Br J Sports Med 2019; 54:997-1002. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AimTo describe injury and illness incidence during the 2018 Winter Olympic Games (WOG) by Team USA.MethodsA descriptive observational study. We used registered Team USA Olympic athletes’ electronic medical records to review preparticipation health histories and medical encounters immediately prior to and throughout the 2018 WOG. Medical encounters were defined as all medical services provided by a healthcare provider, including evaluation, treatment and prophylactic services. All medical conditions were described according to International Olympic Committee injury and illness reporting criteria.ResultsTeam USA included 134 men and 108 women, aged 18–39 years, who represented 17 sport federations. The 47 Team USA medical staff documented 1744 medical encounters on 242 registered athletes (7.2 medical encounters per athlete). Forty-seven illnesses (194.2/1000 athletes) and 32 time loss injuries (132.2/1000 athletes) were recorded during the Games.ConclusionsAn injury surveillance programme consisting of an electronic preparticipation health history and surveillance of medical encounters during the WOG was used to describe the health status of Team USA. We noted limitations to the surveillance process that can be addressed at future events.
Collapse
|
119
|
Edouard P, Richardson A, Navarro L, Gremeaux V, Branco P, Junge A. Relation of Team Size and Success With Injuries and Illnesses During Eight International Outdoor Athletics Championships. Front Sports Act Living 2019; 1:8. [PMID: 33344932 PMCID: PMC7739616 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2019.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The number of injuries and illnesses during major athletics championships vary according to sex and discipline. They may also differ between countries (national teams) given the differences in training, medical care, nutrition, lifestyle habits, and in travel to the championships. In addition, injuries and illnesses may influence the performance during the championships. Therefore, the aim was to analyse the differences in the injury and illness occurrence during international outdoor athletics championships with regards to the athlete's country, as well as establishing the potential relationships with the success of the country during the respective championships. Method: The national medical teams and the local organizing committee physicians reported all injuries and illnesses daily on a standardized injury and illness report form during 4 World and 4 European outdoor championships from 2007 to 2018. Results were presented as number of registered athletes, injuries, illnesses and medals (absolute and per 1000 registered athletes), and for countries of different team size. Results: During these 8 championships, a total of 219 different countries participated with a total of 13059 registered athletes who incurred 1315 injuries and 550 illnesses. The number of injuries and illnesses per championships varied between countries. Countries with higher numbers of registered athletes had a higher number of injuries and illnesses, as well as a higher number of medals and gold medals. There were significant positive correlations between number of injuries/illnesses and number of registered athletes, medals, gold medals. Injury and illness numbers per 1,000 registered athletes differed between countries and team sizes. Analyzing country participation grouped according to the number of registered athletes, there were significant negative correlations between injury/illness and medals/gold medals per 1,000 registered athletes. Conclusions: Given the correlation between health problems and country size, we suggest that medical services provision and staff should be adapted to the team size. In groups of different country team sizes, lower number of injuries and illnesses per registered athletes were correlated with higher number of medals and gold medals per registered athletes, which can support that injury and illness prevention should be recognized as a win-win performance-prevention strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Science (LIBM EA 7424), University of Lyon, University Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne, France.,Sports Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,Medical Commission, French Athletics Federation (FFA), Paris, France.,Division de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Centre de Médecine du Sport, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.,European Athletics Medical & Anti Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andy Richardson
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent Navarro
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Vincent Gremeaux
- Division de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, Swiss Olympic Medical Center, Centre de Médecine du Sport, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Branco
- European Athletics Medical & Anti Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Health and Science Commission, International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), Monaco, Monaco
| | - Astrid Junge
- Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Swiss Concussion Center, Schulthess Clinic Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of facial trauma in handball players in South Korea.Forty-one handball coaches responded to an 11-item standardized questionnaire. Twenty-three coaches (56.1%) stated that their players had experienced a facial injury and reported 56 patients.The nose was the most common site of the injuries (51.7%), followed by the eye (19.6%) and cheek (12.5%). The most common causes of nose injuries were being hit by a hand (26.8%), elbow (12.5%), and ball (8.9%). Most of the nose injuries were fractures (41.1%). The most common causes of the injuries were being hit by a hand (37.5%), elbow (30.3%), and ball (16.1%). The most common type of facial injury was fracture (41.1%), followed by contusion (26.8%), and laceration (21.4%). The most common position of the player was pivot (25.0%), followed by center back (21.4%), and right back (19.6%). Among the facial injuries experienced by pivots, the nose (12.5%) was the most common site, followed by the eye (8.9%). The most common causes of the injuries in pivots were being hit by a hand (12.5%) and an elbow (12.5%). The mean convalescence period after the facial injuries was 3.2 ± 1.6 weeks. No respondents stated that their players wore a mouthguard.Team doctors should be aware of the high frequency of nasal bone fractures and prepare for them. A suture set should be prepared for lacerations. If a player is hit in the eye by a ball, the possibility of retinal injury should be considered.
Collapse
|
121
|
Čierna D, Štefanovský M, Matejová L, Lystad RP. Epidemiology of Competition Injuries in Elite European Judo Athletes: A Prospective Cohort Study. Clin J Sport Med 2019; 29:336-340. [PMID: 31241538 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the injury incidence rate (IIR) and injury pattern, and to identify risk factors for injury, among elite adult European judo athletes. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING The 2015 Under 23 European Judo Championships, Bratislava, Slovakia. PARTICIPANTS All registered athletes (N = 295). INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Sex, weight division, and fight outcome. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Injury incidence rates were calculated per 1000 athlete-exposures (IIRAE) and per 1000 minutes of exposure (IIRME) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroups were compared by calculating the injury incidence rate ratio (RR) with a 95% CI. RESULTS The overall IIRAE and IIRME were 35.6 (95% CI, 22.8-53.0) and 10.9 (95% CI, 7.0-16.2), respectively. The most frequently injured anatomical region was the head/neck (41%), whereas the most common type of injury was contusion (33%). The risk of injury was almost 4 times greater for defeated athletes compared with winners [RRME 3.80 (95% CI, 1.47-9.82)]. Athletes in middleweight divisions had a greater risk of injury compared with their lightweight [RRME 3.58 (95% CI, 1.24-10.35)] and heavyweight [RRME 2.34 (95% CI, 0.93-5.89)] counterparts. The risk of injury for women was not significantly different from their male counterparts [RRME 1.33 (95% CI, 0.61-2.90)]. CONCLUSIONS Weight division (middle) and fight outcome (losing) are significant risk factors for injury. The IIR in elite adult judo competition is lower than that in taekwondo and karate. Future research is encouraged to investigate the actual severity of judo injuries, and to investigate potentially modifiable risk factors to mitigate the risk of injury in judo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dušana Čierna
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miloš Štefanovský
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lenka Matejová
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Reidar P Lystad
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Soligard T, Palmer D, Steffen K, Lopes AD, Grant ME, Kim D, Lee SY, Salmina N, Toresdahl BG, Chang JY, Budgett R, Engebretsen L. Sports injury and illness incidence in the PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Winter Games: a prospective study of 2914 athletes from 92 countries. Br J Sports Med 2019; 53:1085-1092. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo describe the incidence of injuries and illnesses sustained during the XXIII Olympic Winter Games, hosted by PyeongChang on 9–25 February 2018.MethodsWe recorded the daily number of athlete injuries and illnesses (1) through the reporting of all National Olympic Committee (NOC) medical teams and (2) in the polyclinic and medical venues by the PyeongChang 2018 medical staff.ResultsIn total, 2914 athletes (1210 women, 42%; 1704 men, 58%) from 92 NOCs were observed for occurrence of injury and illness. NOC and PyeongChang 2018 medical staff reported 376 injuries and 279 illnesses, equalling 12.6 injuries and 9.4 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 17-day period. Altogether, 12% of the athletes incurred at least one injury and 9% at least one illness. The injury incidence was highest in ski halfpipe (28%), snowboard cross (26%), ski cross (25%), snowboard slopestyle (21%) and aerials (20%), and lowest in Nordic combined, biathlon, snowboard slalom, moguls and cross-country skiing (2%–6%). Of the 376 injuries recorded, 33% and 13% were estimated to lead to ≥1 day and >7 days of absence from sport, respectively. The highest incidences of illness were recorded in biathlon (15%), curling (14%), bobsleigh (14%) and snowboard slalom (13%). Thirty per cent of the illnesses were expected to result in time loss, and 70% affected the respiratory system. Women suffered 61% more illnesses than men.ConclusionOverall, 12% of the athletes incurred at least one injury during the Games and 9% an illness, incidences that are similar to the Olympic Winter Games of 2010 and 2014.
Collapse
|
123
|
Toohey LA, Drew MK, Bullock N, Caling B, Fortington LV, Finch CF, Cook JL. Epidemiology of elite sprint kayak injuries: A 3-year prospective study. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 22:1108-1113. [PMID: 31239203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse the characteristics of injuries sustained by elite sprint kayak athletes, to investigate relationships between initial and subsequent injuries, and to examine injury differences between male and female athletes. DESIGN Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS Data from 63 athletes (37 male, 26 female) of the Australian national sprint kayak squad were prospectively collected over three continuous years (September 2014-August 2017). All medical attention injuries were recorded irrespective of time-loss and modality of training. Descriptive analyses were performed, and frequency comparisons across genders assessed with chi squared tests. RESULTS Forty-nine athletes (78%) sustained 146 injuries (median=2, interquartile range=1-4, range=0-12). Most injuries were to the upper limb (48%), with the shoulder being the most common body site injured (27%). Thirty-one athletes (49%) sustained at least one subsequent injury, equating to 97 subsequent injuries. The majority (68%) of subsequent injuries occurred at a different site and nature to previous injuries. Male athletes were more likely to sustain an injury than remain injury free compared to female athletes (Chi2(1)=6.75, p=0.009), but there was no difference between males and females who thereafter sustained a subsequent injury (Chi2(1)=0.84, p=0.359). CONCLUSIONS Injury occurrence is common in sprint kayak, with many athletes experiencing more than one injury. Small variations in injury characteristics exist between male and female athletes in sprint kayak. This study identifies upper limb and trunk, and joint and muscle injuries as the most prevalent sprint kayak injuries, providing a focus for the development of future injury prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam A Toohey
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Australia; Athlete Availability Program, Australian Institute of Sport, Australia.
| | - Michael K Drew
- Athlete Availability Program, Australian Institute of Sport, Australia
| | - Nicola Bullock
- Paddle Australia, Australia; Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Australia; Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Australia
| | | | - Lauren V Fortington
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Australia; Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia
| | - Caroline F Finch
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Australia; Exercise Medicine Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia
| | - Jill L Cook
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Expanding the injury definition: evidence for the need to include musculoskeletal conditions. Public Health 2019; 169:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
125
|
Mountjoy M, Junge A, Budgett R, Doerr D, Leglise M, Miller S, Moran J, Foster J. Health promotion by International Olympic Sport Federations: priorities and barriers. Br J Sports Med 2019; 53:1117-1125. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo identify changes in International Federations’ priorities and the barriers to implementing athlete and global health initiatives. Results should influence the work of the International Federation medical committees, the IOC and the Association of Summer Olympic International Federation.MethodsThe 28 Summer and 7 Winter International Federations participating in the most recent Olympic Games (2016; 2018) were surveyed to (i) identify the importance of 27 health topics, (ii) assess their progress on implementation health-related programmes and (iii) the barriers to implementation of these programmes. We compared International Federations’ activities in 2016 and 2017.ResultsThe response rate was 83%. Health topics which most International Federations regarded as important and in which the International Federations felt insufficiently active were ‘team physician certification’, ‘prevention of harassment and abuse’, ‘eating disorders/disordered eating’, ‘mental health’ and ‘injury surveillance’. Compared with 2016, there was a decrease in International Federations’ activities in ‘injury surveillance’, ‘nutritional supplements’ and ‘hyperandrogenism’. The main barrier to implementing health-related programmes was ‘International Federation political support/willingness’, followed by ‘knowledge’. ‘Time’ and ‘coach support’ were more often reported than ‘finances’, or ‘IOC or Association of Summer Olympic International Federations partnership’.ConclusionIf International Federations are going to promote health of athletes and global health promotion through physical activity (sport), International Federation leadership must change their focus and provide greater political support for related initiatives. Improving coach and athlete knowledge of the health issues could also facilitate health programme delivery. Time constraints could be mitigated by sharing experiences among the International Federations, Association of Summer Olympic International Federations and the IOC. International Federations should focus on those health-related topics that they identified as being important, yet rate as having insufficient activity.
Collapse
|
126
|
Harmer PA. Epidemiology of time-loss injuries in international fencing: a prospective, 5-year analysis of Fédération Internationale d’Escrime competitions. Br J Sports Med 2019; 53:442-448. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine the risk of time-loss injuries in international fencing and to characterise their type, location, severity and mechanism. Variations in risk associated with sex and discipline categories are also examined.MethodsData on participation and withdrawal due to injury from 809 competitions comprising the major events of the 2010–2014 seasons (inclusive) for the Fédération Internationale d’Escrime were compiled from official results. Athletes who withdrew due to injury sustained in each competition were contacted individually to obtain follow-up information including time lost from fencing participation (practice/competition) and sequelae.ResultsA total of 176 injuries were recorded from 637 776 athlete exposures (AEs) in 85 686 participants (men=47 869; women=37 817) over the study period, for an overall incidence of 0.28/1000 AEs (95% CI 0.24 to 0.32). Men had significantly greater risk than women (RR=1.42, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.94); épée had a significantly lower risk than foil or sabre (RR=0.52, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.76; RR=0.47, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.69, respectively). The majority of injuries were sprains (40.8%) and strains (20.1%), which occurred in the lower extremities (72.4%); ankle sprains were the most common specific injury (25.3%). Intrinsic effort of the fencer (non-contact injury) was the most common mechanism related to a time-loss injury (47.1% of cases). The overall median time loss was 4 weeks; 32.1% of the injuries involved 2 weeks or less away from fencing participation.ConclusionThe data indicate that the risk of time-loss injury in international fencing is very low and primarily involves sprains and strains in the lower extremity.
Collapse
|
127
|
Saudi Professional League: A Prospective Study of the Injuries and Illnesses Sustained by Professional Soccer Players During the 2015 - 2016 Season. Asian J Sports Med 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/asjsm.79930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
128
|
Bigouette JP, Owen EC, Greenleaf J, James SL, Strasser NL. Injury Surveillance and Evaluation of Medical Services Utilized During the 2016 Track and Field Olympic Trials. Orthop J Sports Med 2018; 6:2325967118816300. [PMID: 30627590 PMCID: PMC6311600 DOI: 10.1177/2325967118816300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Injury surveillance systems have been implemented at world championships, yet no previous work has determined the burden of injuries during the United States Track and Field Olympic Trials. Additionally, the type of medical service providers utilized throughout the meet has not been reported, leaving it unclear whether optimal staffing needs are being met. Purpose: To describe the incidence of injuries presenting to the medical team at the 2016 US Track and Field Olympic Trials (Eugene, Oregon) by event type and competitor demographics. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all documented injuries and treatments recorded from June 28 through July 10, 2016. Descriptive statistics and the prevalence of newly incurred injuries were calculated for registered athletes and nonathlete (ie, support) staff. The incidence of acute injuries was analyzed for registered athletes, as stratified by athlete sex and event type. Results: A total of 514 individuals were seen during the trials: 89% were athletes and 11% were supporting staff. Physicians treated 71 injuries and 14 illnesses. Of diagnosed injuries, 85% (n = 60) occurred among athletes, with hamstring strains (16.7%, n = 10) being the most prevalent. A mean of 124 medical services (median, 137; interquartile range, 65.5-179.5) were provided each day of the trials. Among medical services, 41.8% were attributed to massage therapists for athletes, while chiropractic services were the most utilized service (47.1%) by the support staff. There was an overall incidence of 59.7 injuries per 1000 registered athletes, with jumpers (109.4 per 1000) and long-distance athletes (90.4 per 1000) being the most commonly seen athletes. Conclusion: Throughout the trials, athletes participating in jumping and long-distance events were the most commonly seen by physicians, creating the potential need for an increase in staffing of physicians during meet periods when these events occur. The provided medical services appeared to follow the number of athletes competing during the trials and the need for recovery treatments after competition. Findings from this study should inform future strategy for staffing and policy development at Olympic Trials and other elite-level track and field events in the United States.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Paul Bigouette
- Slocum Research & Education Foundation, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Erin C Owen
- Slocum Research & Education Foundation, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Stanley L James
- Slocum Center for Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Nicholas L Strasser
- Slocum Research & Education Foundation, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Slocum Center for Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Smoljanović T, Bohaček I, Hannafin J, Nielsen HB, Hren D, Bojanić I. Sport injuries in international masters rowers: a cross-sectional study. Croat Med J 2018. [PMID: 30394018 PMCID: PMC6240823 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2018.59.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 743 masters rowers who participated in the 34th International Federation of Rowing Associations (Fédération Internationale des Sociétés d’Aviron, FISA) World Rowing Masters Regatta held in Zagreb, September 2-9, 2007. A rowing-specific questionnaire was used, followed by an interview about the injuries sustained during the 12-month period before the competition. Results The mean injury rate per year was 0.48 injuries/masters rower (2.25 injuries/1000 training sessions/rower). The majority of injuries were chronic injuries (the ratio of acute to chronic injuries was 1:1.7), and did not lead to the loss of training/competition time. Of all acute injuries, 49.6% were acquired during rowing-specific training, 43.7% during cross-training, and 6.7% in the gym. The most commonly affected region was the low back (32.6%), followed by the knee (14.2%), shoulder/upper arm, and elbow (10.6% each). Conclusion International masters rowers sustained predominantly chronic injuries of low severity, and the most commonly injured region was the low back. The mean injury rate per rower per year was lower than the rates previously reported for juniors and seniors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Smoljanović
- Tomislav Smoljanović, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Šalata 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
130
|
Zurita-Ortega F, Chacón-Cuberos R, Cofre-Bolados C, Knox E, Muros JJ. Relationship of resilience, anxiety and injuries in footballers: Structural equations analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207860. [PMID: 30475896 PMCID: PMC6257929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Resilience is a psychological characteristic which enhances personal assets and protects individuals from potential negative effects of various stressors. While this topic has been considered in the separate context of sports injuries and anxiety states, these issues have rarely been considered together. The objective of this study is to analyse the association between motivation to overcome injuries in football and the state of anxiety caused by those injuries. One hundred and eighty-five footballers from Spain were analysed by way of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaires, and an injury self-registration sheet. Statistical analyses were performed using structural equations. Results showed a direct and positive relationship between the capacity to face up to injuries or potential injuries and to adapt successfully to them for injured footballers, especially when anxiety was considered as a transitory emotional state. In addition, this relationship was stronger in non-injured sportspersons because their resilience capacity was not being impaired by the experience of an injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Cristian Cofre-Bolados
- School of sciences of Physical Activity, Sport and Health ECIADES, University of Santiago, Santiago of Chile, Chile.,Sports Science and Physical Activity, University Santo Tomas, Santiago of Chile, Chile
| | - Emily Knox
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - José Joaquín Muros
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Panagodage Perera NK, Joseph C, Kemp JL, Finch CF. Epidemiology of Injuries in Women Playing Competitive Team Bat-or-Stick Sports: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2018; 48:617-640. [PMID: 29249082 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-017-0815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Team bat-or-stick sports, including cricket, softball and hockey, are popular among women. However, little is known about the injury profile in this population. OBJECTIVE The aim was to describe the incidence, nature and anatomical location of injuries in bat-or-stick sports played by women in a competitive league. METHODS This review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO CRD42015026715). CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from January 2000 to September 2016, inclusive. Peer-reviewed original research articles reporting the incidence, nature and anatomical location of injuries sustained by women aged 18 + years in competitive bat-or-stick sports were included. Two meta-analyses based on injury incidence proportions (injury IP) and injury rates per 1000 person-days of athletic exposure (AE) were performed. RESULTS A total of 37 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, and five had low risk of bias. The weighted injury IP was 0.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.45]. The weighted injury rate was 6.12 (95% CI 6.05-6.18) overall, and greater in games [15.79 (95% CI 15.65-15.93)] than in practice [3.07 (95% CI 2.99-3.15)]. The ankle was the most commonly injured anatomical location, followed by the hand (including wrist and fingers), knee and head. Soft tissue and ligament injuries were most common types of injuries. CONCLUSION Injury prevention in women's sports is a novel and emerging field of research interest. This review highlights that injury incidence is high among female bat-or-stick players, but little information is known about direct causal mechanisms. This review clearly establishes the need for enhancements to injury data collection. Without this information, it will not be possible to develop evidence-based injury prevention interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Kanthi Panagodage Perera
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), SMB Campus, Federation University Australia, Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia.
| | - Corey Joseph
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), SMB Campus, Federation University Australia, Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia.,Monash Health, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Joanne Lyn Kemp
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), SMB Campus, Federation University Australia, Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia.,Latrobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, College of Science, Health and Engineering, Latrobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Caroline Frances Finch
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), SMB Campus, Federation University Australia, Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Abstract
Background To commence injury prevention efforts, it is necessary to understand the magnitude of the injury problem. No systematic reviews have yet investigated the extent of injuries in field hockey, despite the popularity of the sport worldwide. Objective Our objective was to describe the rate and severity of injuries in field hockey and investigate their characteristics. Methods We conducted electronic searches in PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL. Prospective cohort studies were included if they were published in English in a peer-reviewed journal and observed all possible injuries sustained by field hockey players during the period of the study. Results The risk of bias score of the 22 studies included ranged from three to nine of a possible ten. In total, 12 studies (55%) reported injuries normalized by field hockey exposure. Injury rates ranged from 0.1 injuries (in school-aged players) to 90.9 injuries (in Africa Cup of Nations) per 1000 player-hours and from one injury (in high-school women) to 70 injuries (in under-21 age women) per 1000 player-sessions. Studies used different classifications for injury severity, but—within studies—injuries were included mostly in the less severe category. The lower limbs were most affected, and contusions/hematomas and abrasions were common types of injury. Contact injuries are common, but non-contact injuries are also a cause for concern. Conclusions Considerable heterogeneity meant it was not possible to draw conclusive findings on the extent of the rate and severity of injuries. Establishing the extent of sports injury is considered the first step towards prevention, so there is a need for a consensus on injury surveillance in field hockey. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40279-017-0839-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saulo Delfino Barboza
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corey Joseph
- Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Federation University Australia, Lydird Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia
| | - Joske Nauta
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Australian Collaboration for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention, Federation University Australia, Lydird Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3350, Australia.
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Park KJ, Lee JH, Kim HC. Injuries in male and female elite Korean wrestling athletes: a 10-year epidemiological study. Br J Sports Med 2018; 53:430-435. [PMID: 30448779 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report injury patterns associated with the training activities of elite male and female South Korean wrestling athletes preparing for the Olympic Games. METHODS From 2008 to 2017, we prospectively collected data on elite wrestling athletes at the Korea National Training Center. Athletes were assessed by two sports medicine doctors, and data were stratified according to sex, wrestling style, weight class, injury location and injury severity. Χ2tests were used to compare groups. Injury risk was expressed in relative ratios with 95% confidence intervals (RR, 95% CI). RESULTS There were 238 male and 75 female elite wrestlers. Training time totalled 382 800 hours. We recorded 1779 injuries in 313 athletes aged >18 years (annual average, 4.04 injuries/athlete); 59% of these were mild injuries. When all athletes were considered, most injuries occurred in the lower extremities (37.5%), followed by the upper extremities (27.4%), trunk (25.4%) and the head and neck area (9.7%). Weight class significantly influenced injury severity for both wrestling styles among male athletes (Greco-Roman, P=0.031; freestyle, P=0.028), as well as among female freestyle wrestling athletes (P=0.013). The relative ratio of injury incidence for the lightweight class compared with the heavyweight class was high for Greco-Roman style compared with freestyle (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.27; P=0.011). CONCLUSIONS Among male and female South Korean elite wrestling athletes training for the Olympic Games, most injuries were mild and occurred in the lower extremities. Weight class influenced injury severity in both wrestling styles, and lightweight athletes had higher injury rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Jun Park
- Department of Medicine & Science, Korean Sport & Olympic Committee, Jincheon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Je Hoon Lee
- Department of Medicine & Science, Korean Sport & Olympic Committee, Jincheon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Hyun Chul Kim
- Department of Medicine & Science, Korean Sport & Olympic Committee, Jincheon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Tahirbegolli B, Dinçer Ş, GÖZÜBÜYÜK ÖB, Değirmenci U, Yildiz S, Vehid S. Athlete presentations and injury frequency by sport at a sports medicine university clinic. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 58:1676-1680. [DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.17.07157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
135
|
Injury incidence and injury patterns by category, player position, and maturation in elite male handball elite players. Biol Sport 2018; 36:67-74. [PMID: 30899141 PMCID: PMC6413568 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2018.78908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cohort study is to estimate the influence of position, category, and maturity status on the incidence and pattern of injury in handball players, across two seasons. Injury registration from 164 players-season (12-27 years) was conducted, and players were categorized into youth (133) and adults (31), and per position: 27 goalkeepers, 67 backs, 70 wings and pivots. Maturity status in youth players was also measured by testicular volume on clinical examination (32 immature, 101 mature). 190 injuries occurred during 34 221 hours of exposure. Injury incidence in youth was 6.0 per 1000 total hours [CI 95%, 4.8-7.2] (14.9 match [9.7-20.1] and 3.7 training hours [2.7-4.6]; n= 142 injuries), and in adults 6.5 per 1000 total hours [4.4-8.6] (22.2 match [8.8-35.6] and 3.0 training hours [1.3-4.6]; n=48 injuries). There were significant differences in knee (P=0.01) and cartilage injury (P=0.05) according to playing position. There were significant differences according to age category in ankle (P=0.03), head (P=0.01), thigh (P=0.05) and muscular injury (P= 0.02), and apophysitis (P=0.04) for biological maturity state. Adult handball players had more ankle and muscle injuries than youths. Pivot and wings (2nd line) had more knee and cartilage problems. A higher incidence of apophysitis was found in immature youth players.
Collapse
|
136
|
McCradden MD, Cusimano MD. Concussions in Sledding Sports and the Unrecognized "Sled Head": A Systematic Review. Front Neurol 2018; 9:772. [PMID: 30279676 PMCID: PMC6153360 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sport-related concussion is a significant public health concern. Little research has been conducted on sport-related concussion and injury prevention strategies in competitive sledding sports like bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton. Athletes have identified “sled head” as a key concern due to its symptom burden. Purpose: To summarize our knowledge of the prevalence of concussion and related symptoms in sledding sports; to utilize Haddon's Matrix to inform and define strategies for injury prevention. Methods: An independent information specialist conducted a search for the known literature on injuries in non-recreational sledding sports, and specifically for concussion via OVID Medline, CINAHL, the Cochrane Database, EMBASE, PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Sciences from 1946 to December 2017. After iterative searches of reference sections, a total of 844 articles were assessed for inclusion. Results: Nine articles were included for review. Concussions are a common occurrence in elite sledding sport athletes, affecting 13-18% of all sledding athletes. Significant variance exists between events, indicating a potential effect of the ice track in injury risk. The condition known as “sled head” is discussed and identified as a key point of further investigation. A number of potential injury prevention strategies are discussed. Interpretation: Head injuries and concussions are an important injury for elite sledding sports and a number of avenues exist for prevention. More work is required to delineate the mechanisms, characteristics, natural history and management of “sled head.”
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D McCradden
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Injury Prevention Research Office, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Cusimano
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Injury Prevention Research Office, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Sakakibara Y, Teramoto A, Takagi T, Yamakawa S, Okada Y, Shoji H, Kobayashi T, Fujimiya M, Fujie H, Watanabe K, Yamashita T. Effect of Initial Graft Tension During Calcaneofibular Ligament Reconstruction on Ankle Kinematics and Laxity. Am J Sports Med 2018; 46:2935-2941. [PMID: 30125125 DOI: 10.1177/0363546518790254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a variety of surgical procedures for lateral ankle ligament reconstruction have frequently been reported, little is known about the effects of initial graft tension. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to investigate the effects of initial graft tension in calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) reconstruction. It was hypothesized that a high degree of initial graft tension would cause abnormal kinematics, laxity, and excessive graft tension. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Twelve cadaveric ankles were tested with a 6 degrees of freedom robotic system to apply passive plantarflexion-dorsiflexion motion and multidirectional loads. A repeated-measures experiment was designed with the CFL intact, CFL transected, and CFL reconstructed with 4 initial tension conditions (10, 30, 50, and 70 N). The 3-dimensional path and reconstructed graft tension were simultaneously recorded. RESULTS The calcaneus in CFL reconstruction with an initial tension of 70 N had the most eversion relative to the intact condition (mean eversion translations of 1.2, 3.0, 5.0, and 6.2 mm were observed at initial tensions of 10, 30, 50, and 70 N, respectively). The calcaneus also moved more posteriorly with external rotation as the initial tension increased. The reconstructed graft tension tended to increase as the initial tension increased. CONCLUSION Ankle kinematic patterns and laxity after CFL reconstruction tended to become more abnormal as the initial graft tension increased at the time of surgery. Moreover, excessive initial graft tension caused excessive tension on the reconstructed graft. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study indicated the importance of initial graft tension during CFL reconstruction. Overtensioning during CFL reconstruction should be avoided to imitate a normal ankle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Sakakibara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teramoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takagi
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamakawa
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shoji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takuma Kobayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujie
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Tabben M, Landreau P, Chamari K, Juin G, Ahmed H, Farooq A, Bahr R, Popovic N. Age, player position and 2 min suspensions were associated with match injuries during the 2017 Men's Handball World Championship (France). Br J Sports Med 2018; 53:436-441. [PMID: 30219801 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the association between player characteristics, technical components of the game and the risk of match injuries during the 2017 Men's Handball World Championship. METHODS Team physicians of the participating teams (n=24) were requested to provide injury report forms throughout the Men's Handball World Championship (France, January 2017). The individual time played, age, number of international matches played and all technical and penalty variables for each player were extracted from the official International Handball Federation (IHF) online database and used as risk factors in a general logistic linear model analysis. RESULTS Of 387 players, 49 sustained one or more injuries (93 injuries in total). The total incidence of match injuries was 82.1 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CI 66.2 to 100.5), non-time-loss injury incidence was 40.6 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CI 29.3 to 54.9), while time-loss injury incidence was 30.9 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CI 21.5 to 42.9). Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.18, p=0.011), player position (backs: OR 6.79, 95% CI 2.25 to 20.54, p=0.001; goalkeepers: OR 5.03, 95% CI 1.15 to 21.94, p=0.031) and 2 min suspensions (1-2 times: OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.27 to 6.04, p=0.011; 3 or more times: OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.18 to 6.38, p=0.029) were significant risk factors for getting injured during competition matches. CONCLUSION Age, player position (backs, goalkeepers) and 2 min suspensions were associated with match injury. Stricter rule enforcement should be considered to prevent match injuries in elite handball.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karim Chamari
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Hosny Ahmed
- International Handball Federation, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Roald Bahr
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nebojsa Popovic
- Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Mountjoy M, Miller J, Junge A. Analysis of water polo injuries during 8904 player matches at FINA World Championships and Olympic games to make the sport safer. Br J Sports Med 2018; 53:25-31. [PMID: 30194222 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse injuries of water polo players reported during four Summer Olympic Games (2004, 2008, 2012, 2016) and four Federation Internationale de Natation World Championships (2009, 2013, 2015, 2017). METHODS Injuries during training and matches were reported daily by the team physicians and the local medical staff at the sports venues using an established surveillance system. RESULTS A total of 381 injuries were reported, equivalent to 14.1 injuries per 100 players (95% CI ±1.42). The most frequent diagnoses were laceration (12.7%) and contusion (10.9%) of head, followed by (sub-)luxation/sprain of hand (9.5%) and contusion of trunk (6.5%) or hand (6.2%). More than half of the injuries (57.0%) occurred due to contact with another player. A quarter of the injuries (25.4%) were expected to result in absence from training or match; 10 (2.9%) resulted in an estimated time-loss of 3 or more weeks. About three-quarters of injuries (75.6%) occurred during matches, 86 during training. The incidence of match injuries was on average 56.2 injuries per 1000 match hours (95% CI ±6.74). The incidence of time-loss match injuries (14.7; 95% CI ±3.44) was significantly higher in men than in women. CONCLUSIONS A critical review of water polo in-competition rules and the implementation of a Fair Play programme may help to mitigate the high incidence of contact injuries incurred during matches. A water polo-specific concussion education programme including recognition, treatment and return to play is recommended. Finally, a prospective injury surveillance programme would help to better define water polo injuries outside of the competition period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margo Mountjoy
- McMaster University Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Federation Internationale de Natation (FINA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Olympic Committee (IOC), Games Group Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jim Miller
- Federation Internationale de Natation (FINA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Medicine Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Astrid Junge
- Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Swiss Concussion Centre, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Edouard P, Junge A, Kiss-Polauf M, Ramirez C, Sousa M, Timpka T, Branco P. Interrater reliability of the injury reporting of the injury surveillance system used in international athletics championships. J Sci Med Sport 2018; 21:894-898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
141
|
Furlong LAM, Rolle U. Injury incidence in elite youth field hockey players at the 2016 European Championships. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201834. [PMID: 30138463 PMCID: PMC6107116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being an essential consideration when deciding rule changes, injury prevention strategies, and athlete development models, there is little epidemiological data of U18 field hockey player injuries-something explicitly referred to in the 2015 International Olympic Committee's Consensus Statement on Youth Athlete Development. The aim of this study was to quantify incidence and characteristics of injuries in elite youth field hockey players during a major international tournament. Standardized reporting forms detailing time, location on pitch, mechanism and anatomical location of injury were completed for new musculoskeletal conditions resulting in a time stoppage by the umpire and where a player was noticeably affected by an injury for up to 20 s regardless of time stoppage. Injury incidence was 1.35 and 2.20 injuries/match or 53 and 86 injuries per 1000 player match hours for boys (B) and girls (G) respectively; girls were over three times more likely to have a minor injury. Most injuries were contusions due to being hit by the ball or stick (B: 12, G: 27), with high numbers of injuries to the torso (B: 8) and head/face (G: 7). Injuries during the penalty corner (B: 3, G: 4) were to the lower limb and hand, and boys were less likely to wear facial protection (B: 65.9%, G: 86.4%). Results form an essential initial dataset of injuries in U18 field hockey players. Current reporting protocols under-report injuries and must be addressed by the international governing body. The high number of head/face injuries, particularly in females, requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura-Anne M. Furlong
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine–East Midlands, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt/M, Germany
- Fédération Internationale de Hockey (FIH) Health and Safety Panel, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Vasta S, Papalia R, Albo E, Maffulli N, Denaro V. Top orthopedic sports medicine procedures. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:190. [PMID: 30064451 PMCID: PMC6069744 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-018-0889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthopedic sports medicine is a subspecialty of Orthopedics that focuses on managing pathological conditions of the musculoskeletal system arising from sports practice. When dealing with athletes, timing is the most difficult issue to face. Typically, athletes aim to return to play as soon as possible and at the pre-injury level. This means that management should be optimized to combine the need for prompt return to sport and to the biologic healing time of the musculo-skeletal. This poses a great challenge to sport medicine surgeons, who need to follow with attention to the latest scientific evidence to offer their patients the best available treatment options. We briefly review the most commonly performed orthopedic sports medicine procedures, outlining the presently available scientific evidence on their indications and outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Vasta
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico, University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico, University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, Rome, Italy.
| | - Erika Albo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico, University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Salerno School of Medicine, Salerno, Italy.,Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, London, UK
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico, University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
MRI-Detected Sports-Related Knee Injuries and Abnormalities at the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympic Games. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018; 211:880-886. [PMID: 30063380 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.17.19334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to describe knee abnormalities and the occurrence of MRI-detected sports-related knee abnormalities by evaluating MRI examinations performed during the Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games held in August 2016. CONCLUSION There were 11,274 athletes at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, and 113 of them underwent at least one knee MRI in the Olympic Village. Cartilage abnormalities, followed by meniscal tears and ligament sprains, were the most frequent abnormalities.
Collapse
|
144
|
Heiss R, Guermazi A, Jarraya M, Engebretsen L, Roemer FW. The epidemiology of MRI-detected pelvic injuries in athletes in the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympics. Eur J Radiol 2018; 105:56-64. [PMID: 30017299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence, severity and location of pelvic injuries, including hip, muscle and tendon pathologies, as assessed on MRI in athletes participating in the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Summer Olympic Games. METHODS We analyzed all pelvic MRIs that were acquired for suspected injury as reported by the National Olympic Committee (NOC) medical teams and the Organizing Committee medical staff during the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics. Diagnostic imaging was performed through the Olympic Village Polyclinic, using 3 T and 1.5 T MR scanners. Images were interpreted retrospectively according to standardized criteria. RESULTS A total of 11,274 athletes participated in the Games, of which 40 (0,4%) were referred for a pelvic MRI. Thirty-seven of the 40 (92%) had at least one abnormal finding, and some had as many as 17, for an average of 4.1 pathologies per examination. Almost half of all abnormal findings were assessed as pre-existing (46%). The majority of acute/subacute injuries were observed in track and field athletes (44%), whereas the highest number of pre-existing findings was seen in ball-sports athletes (39%). Forty-seven per cent of all acute/subacute injuries were muscle injuries with the gluteus maximus muscle the most commonly affected. In contrast, most pre-existing findings were detected at the symphysis (59%). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of both acute/subacute injuries and chronic changes in Olympic athletes undergoing pelvic MRI. Muscle injuries were the most common acute injuries, found mainly in track and field athletes. Most chronic changes were identified at the symphysis region in ball-sports athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Heiss
- Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Maximiliansplatz 3, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Radiology, Mercy Catholic Medical Center, 1500 Lansdowne Avenue, Darby, PA 19428, USA
| | - Lars Engebretsen
- Medical and Scientific Department, International Olympic Committee, Route de Vidy 11, 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland; Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0863 Oslo, Norway; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Osla, Norway
| | - Frank W Roemer
- Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Maximiliansplatz 3, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Abstract
Shoulder pain in wheelchair users that participate in competitive adaptive sports can be a troublesome condition. Shoulder pain not only affects athletic performance but also affects functional activities such as wheelchair propulsion and weight bearing during transfers. Managing pain in these athletes thus presents a unique challenge because of the difficulty in achieving relative rest and the need to modify athletic shoulder-focused rehabilitation strategies. In all athletes, it is vital to establish an early, accurate diagnosis and optimize conservative treatment before considering surgical interventions to avoid excessive shoulder-related morbidity, loss of function, and, worse, loss of independence.
Collapse
|
146
|
Olmedilla A, Rubio VJ, Fuster-Parra P, Pujals C, García-Mas A. A Bayesian Approach to Sport Injuries Likelihood: Does Player's Self-Efficacy and Environmental Factors Plays the Main Role? Front Psychol 2018; 9:1174. [PMID: 30034359 PMCID: PMC6043686 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The psychological factors of sports injuries constitute a growing field of study, even from the point of view of the prediction of their occurrence. Most of them, however, do not take into account the likelihood of the injuries' occurrence and the weight and role of the psychological variables on it. We conducted a study building up a Bayesian Network on a big sample of athletes, trying to assess these probabilistic links among several relevant psychological variables and the injuries' occurrence. The sample was constituted by 297 athletes (239 males, 58 females) from a wide range of sports: track and field; judo; fencing; karate; boxing; swimming; kayaking; artistic rollerskating, and team sports as football, basketball, and handball (Mean age: 25.10 ±-3.87; range: 21-38 years). Several psychological variables, such as anxiety, social support, and self-efficacy were studied. Also, we recorded the history of injuries as well the body mass index and personal epidemiological data. The overall picture of the generated graph and Bayesian Network and its analysis - including the use of hypothetical data by means of several instantiations - includes the nuclear role of the Self-Efficacy regarding the injuries' occurrence likelihood; the decreasing impact of the competitive anxiety previous to the injury; the probabilistic independence of the players' risk behaviors, and the relevance of the environmental clues such the use of coping strategies and social support in order to build up a good level of Self-Efficacy after the occurrence of an injury. All these data are relevant when designing both preventive and recovery interventions from the multidisciplinary as well as from the psychological point of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Olmedilla
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Intervention, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Víctor J. Rubio
- Department of Biological and Health Psychology, School of Psychology, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Fuster-Parra
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Constanza Pujals
- Department of Psychology, Faculdade Ingá/UNINGA, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Alexandre García-Mas
- Department of Basic Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Increased injury rates after the restructure of Germany's national second league of team handball. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26:1884-1891. [PMID: 29404652 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-4851-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Scientific injury data in men's professional team handball injuries are rare and even less scientific information exists on injury prevention. In 2011, Germany's national second team handball league was restructured by merging the existing two regional leagues into one league. This study evaluates the injury patterns in professional team handball and compares the injury rates between the first and second league before and after the restructure. METHODS All players of Germany's national first and second men's team handball leagues have mandatory trauma insurance with the same insurance company. This retrospective cohort study analysed the injury data of three consecutive seasons 2010-2013 using standardized injury definitions. RESULTS 1194 professional team handball players were included in this study. The majority of severe injuries affected the lower extremities, shoulders, and hands. The average injury incidence significantly differed between the first (4.9 injuries per 1000 h) and the second league (3.9 per 1000 h, p < 0.01). The injury incidence in the restructured second league had increased from 3.7 to 4.1 per 1000 h (p < 0.01) and prevalence from 67.1 to 79.3% (p < 0.001), thus almost to the same levels of the first league. The second league showed more time-loss injuries at all severity levels. CONCLUSION This study yielded a high injury incidence after the restructure of the national second team handball league and presents details on prevalence, incidence, and patterns of injury in professional men's team handball. This study is an important basis for developing injury prevention strategies that should focus on the shoulders, hands, and lower extremities and on reducing the number of matches and travel burden. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
Collapse
|
148
|
Aasheim C, Stavenes H, Andersson SH, Engbretsen L, Clarsen B. Prevalence and burden of overuse injuries in elite junior handball. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2018; 4:e000391. [PMID: 30018791 PMCID: PMC6045727 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To record overuse injuries among male junior handball players throughout a handball season. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Ten Norwegian junior male handball teams (145 players aged 16-18 years) were followed for one 10-month season. All players were sent the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionaire every second week to record overuse injuries located in the shoulder, elbow, lower back and knee. The relative burden of overuse injuries was calculated in each anatomical area represented, defined as the proportion of the total cumulative severity score. RESULTS The average prevalence of all overuse injury problems was 39% (95% CI 29% to 49%) across all anatomical areas. The average prevalence of substantial overuse injury problems, defined as those leading to moderate or large reductions in training volume or sports performance, or to complete inability to participate, was 15% (95% CI 13% to 17%). Over the duration of the study, the cumulative incidence of overuse injury problems was 91% (133 players). Shoulder problems were the most prevalent (average prevalence 17%, 95% CI 16% to 19%), whereas knee problems had the greatest relative burden. CONCLUSION Overuse injuries, particularly in the shoulder and knee, have a substantial impact on junior handball players' training participation and performance. Interventions to prevent overuse injuries among male junior handball players should focus on these areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christer Aasheim
- Department of Orthopaedics (ORTHO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Håvard Stavenes
- Department of Orthopaedics (ORTHO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stig Haugsbø Andersson
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Engbretsen
- Department of Orthopaedics (ORTHO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benjamin Clarsen
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Hollander K, Wellmann K, Eulenburg CZ, Braumann KM, Junge A, Zech A. Epidemiology of injuries in outdoor and indoor hockey players over one season: a prospective cohort study. Br J Sports Med 2018; 52:1091-1096. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesTo determine the incidence and characteristics of hockey (‘field hockey’) injuries over the course of one outdoor and indoor season. Comparisons of female versus male players, outdoor versus indoor season and match versus practice were performed.MethodsFemale and male teams of the first, second, third, regional and youth divisions were recruited among a local hockey association in Northern Germany, and followed over an indoor and an outdoor season. Exposure times and location, type, severity and cause of injuries during practice and matches were documented by the coaches or medical staff and collected weekly. Prevalence and incidence rates were calculated.ResultsOf the 232 players (mean±SD age 20.7±4.7 years, 68.1% male, 31.9% first division), 84 players (36.2%) suffered 108 new injuries during the season. The overall incidence rate was 3.7 injuries per 1000 player hours (95% CI 3.0 to 4.4). The injury incidence was lower in practice (2.7 per 1000 player practice hours, 95% CI 2.0 to 3.3) than in matches (9.7 per 1000 player match hours, 95% CI 6.8 to 12.7), and was similar for female and male players as well as during the outdoor and the indoor season. Most injuries affected the lower limb (thigh, knee and ankle) and occurred without contact (58.3%). Severe injuries (n=34; 31.5%) were predominantly located at the knee and hand/finger.ConclusionHockey players have a high prevalence and incidence of injuries, especially at the lower limb.
Collapse
|
150
|
Lovell R, Whalan M, Marshall PWM, Sampson JA, Siegler JC, Buchheit M. Scheduling of eccentric lower limb injury prevention exercises during the soccer micro-cycle: Which day of the week? Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2216-2225. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Lovell
- School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Sydney NSW Australia
- NSW Football Medicine Association; Australia
| | - M. Whalan
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiology; School of Medicine; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW Australia
- Wollongong Wolves Football Club; Wollongong NSW Australia
- NSW Football Medicine Association; Australia
| | - P. W. M. Marshall
- School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - J. A. Sampson
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiology; School of Medicine; University of Wollongong; Wollongong NSW Australia
- NSW Football Medicine Association; Australia
| | - J. C. Siegler
- School of Science and Health; Western Sydney University; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - M. Buchheit
- Performance Department; Paris Saint Germain FC; Saint-Germain-en-Laye France
| |
Collapse
|