1
|
Sharpe J, Bakaes Y, Gauthier C, Bidwell R, Hurley DM, Murr K. The role of public policy in reducing moped and scooter injuries in South Carolina. Injury 2024; 55:111411. [PMID: 38359714 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mopeds and electric scooters have grown in popularity in recent years. A South Carolina (SC) law was passed on November 19, 2018, aimed to regulate mopeds and scooters. This study aims to evaluate whether this SC law was associated with a decrease in the moped injury rate in a Level 1 Trauma Center. METHODS A retrospective review of trauma registry data was used to identify a cohort of patients 14 years and older who came to a Level 1 trauma center for a moped/scooter accident between January 2014 - December 2022. The proportion of moped injuries before and after the passing of the law was calculated. The chi-square test and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test were used to compare differences in proportions for categorical factors and continuous factors, respectively. RESULTS A total of 350 moped injury cases were identified. There was a significant decrease in the moped injury rate after the passing of the 2018 SC law (0.9 % vs 1.8 %, p<0.001). Additionally, those treated post-law implementation were significantly older (47.4 vs 43.2 years, p = 0.013) and more likely to be male (95.5 % vs 87.9 %, p = 0.025) than those treated pre-law. Patients treated post-law were significantly more likely to be uninsured (45.1 % vs 42.7 %, p = 0.009) and less likely to have commercial (16.2 % vs 20.1 %, p = 0.009), or government (29.7 % vs 35.6 %, p = 0.009) health insurance compared to those treated pre-law. There was no significant difference between the two groups in Glascow Coma Scale, Injury severity score, Trauma Injury Severity Score, or rate of fatalities. CONCLUSION After the implementation of a SC law, we found that the local proportion of injuries due to moped and scooter accidents was significantly lower than pre-law proportions. These findings suggest that public policies aimed at increasing regulations for mopeds may decrease the rate of injury, but not severity, from moped use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Sharpe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Prisma Health - Midlands, 2 Medical Park Rd Suite 404, Columbia, SC 29203, United States
| | - Yianni Bakaes
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Prisma Health - Midlands, 2 Medical Park Rd Suite 404, Columbia, SC 29203, United States
| | - Chase Gauthier
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Prisma Health - Midlands, 2 Medical Park Rd Suite 404, Columbia, SC 29203, United States.
| | - Richard Bidwell
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Prisma Health - Midlands, 2 Medical Park Rd Suite 404, Columbia, SC 29203, United States
| | - Deborah M Hurley
- Data Support Core, Prisma Health - Midlands, 9 Medical Park Rd, Suite 400, Columbia, SC 29203, United States
| | - Kevin Murr
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Prisma Health - Midlands, 2 Medical Park Rd Suite 404, Columbia, SC 29203, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Doo H, Kim D, Kim C, Lee SY, Park J. Comparisons of musculoskeletal injuries among three different modalities of Taekwondo (Kyorugi, Poomsae, and Shibum): a one-year follow-up prospective epidemiologic study. Res Sports Med 2023; 31:528-543. [PMID: 34905996 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2021.2010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to report the injury rates and characteristics (body location, type, mechanism, and severity) of musculoskeletal injuries in Kyorugi, Poomsae, and Shibum. A total of 137 Korean collegiate Taekwondo players - Kyorugi (n = 44), Poomsae (n = 46), and Shibum (n = 47) - were prospectively studied in 2019. Injury rates per 1,000 athlete-exposures (AEs) and time-exposures (TEs) during training and competition were calculated. Additionally, body location, type, mechanism, and severity of injury were analysed. The highest injury rate was recorded in Poomsae (172.0/1,000 AEs and 79.5/1,000 TEs) followed by Kyorugi (47.1/1,000 AEs and 25.9/1,000 TEs) and Shibum (57.5/1,000 AEs and 17.0/1,000 TEs). The frequently injured body location was the thigh (Kyorugi = 17%; Poomsae = 25%; Shibum = 18%). The common injury types were muscle cramps/spasms in Kyorugi (33%) and Poomsae (59%), and sprain in Shibum (41%). The common injury mechanisms were gradual onset in Kyorugi (40%) and Shibum (49%), and non-contact trauma in Poomsae (91%). Regarding the severity, the number of days from the injury onset to recovery > 1 week were higher in the order of Kyorugi (78%), Shibum (54%), and Poomsae (28%). Our data provide preliminary evidence that different injury prevention strategies should be applied to each modality of Taekwondo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Doo
- Division of Sports Medicine and Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Donghyeon Kim
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Chaerin Kim
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
- Department of Taekwondo, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Seo Young Lee
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
- Department of Taekwondo, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jihong Park
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kent R, Cormier J, McMurry TL, Johan Ivarsson B, Funk J, Hartka T, Sochor M. Spinal injury rates and specific causation in motor vehicle collisions. Accid Anal Prev 2023; 186:107047. [PMID: 37003164 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2023.107047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a leading cause of acute spinal injuries. Chronic spinal pathologies are common in the population. Thus, determining the incidence of different types of spinal injuries due to MVCs and understanding biomechanical mechanism of these injuries is important for distinguishing acute injuries from chronic degenerative disease. This paper describes methods for determining causation of spinal pathologies from MVCs based on rates of injury and analysis of the biomechanics require to produce these injuries. Rates of spinal injuries in MVCs were determined using two distinct methodologies and interpreted using a focused review of salient biomechanical literature. One methodology used incidence data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and exposure data from the Crash Report Sample System supplemented with a telephone survey to estimate total national exposure to MVC. The other used incidence and exposure data from the Crash Investigation Sampling System. Linking the clinical and biomechanical findings yielded several conclusions. First, spinal injuries caused by an MVC are relatively rare (511 injured occupants per 10,000 exposed to an MVC), which is consistent with the biomechanical forces required to generate injury. Second, spinal injury rates increase as impact severity increases, and fractures are more common in higher-severity exposures. Third, the rate of sprain/strain in the cervical spine is greater than in the lumbar spine. Fourth, spinal disc injuries are extremely rare in MVCs (0.01 occupants per 10,000 exposed) and typically occur with concomitant trauma, which is consistent with the biomechanical findings 1) that disc herniations are fatigue injuries caused by cyclic loading, 2) the disc is almost never the first structure to be injured in impact loading unless it is highly flexed and compressed, and 3) that most crashes involve predominantly tensile loading in the spine, which does not cause isolated disc herniations. These biomechanical findings illustrate that determining causation when an MVC occupant presents with disc pathology must be based on the specifics of that presentation and the crash circumstances and, more broadly, that any causation determination must be informed by competent biomechanical analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kent
- Center for Applied Biomechanics, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Joseph Cormier
- Biomechanics Consulting and Research, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Timothy L McMurry
- Center for Applied Biomechanics, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - B Johan Ivarsson
- Biomechanics Consulting and Research, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Forensic Failure Engineering (FFE), LLC, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - James Funk
- Center for Applied Biomechanics, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Biomechanics Consulting and Research, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Thomas Hartka
- Center for Applied Biomechanics, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark Sochor
- Center for Applied Biomechanics, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
González-Lázaro J, Arribas-Cubero HF, Rodríguez-Marroyo JA. Muskuloskeletal injuries in mountain running races: A 5 seasons study. Injury 2021; 52:747-9. [PMID: 33059927 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mountain running races have grown in popularity in the recent years. Nonetheless, there are few studies on injuries and injury rates. Moreover, these studies have focused on long-distance events such as ultramarathons (>42 km). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the severity, type, and body location of musculoskeletal injuries during 20-42 km mountain running races. In addition, the injury rates in this type of races were examined. METHODS Data on injuries were collected during 36 mountain running races over 5 consecutive seasons from 2015 to 2019. The participants reported all musculoskeletal injuries on a standardized injury report form. The results were presented as the number of injuries per 1000 h exposure and per 1000 participants. RESULTS Twenty eight injuries were reported. Most injuries occurred in the ankle (32%) followed by the knee (14%) and foot/toe (11%). The number of injuries represented an overall injury rate of 1.6 injuries per 1000 h running and 5.9 injuries per 1000 runners. The case fatality rate was 0. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries during 20-42 km mountain running races is low. In addition, the majority of injuries experienced by runners are minor in nature and located in lower extremities, mainly the ankles.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lundgårdh F, Svensson K, Alricsson M. Epidemiology of hip and groin injuries in Swedish male first football league. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:1325-1332. [PMID: 30895331 PMCID: PMC7148259 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the incidence, pattern, and burden of hip/groin injuries in Swedish professional male football players over five consecutive seasons. METHODS Injury history from 16 football teams in the Swedish male first football league was evaluated during five consecutive seasons. The team's medical staff recorded team exposure and time-loss injuries prospectively between 2012 and 2016. RESULTS In total, 467 time-loss injuries located in the hip/groin area were recorded among 1,687 professional male football players, with an overall incidence and burden of 0.82/1,000 h and 15.6/1,000 h, respectively. There appeared to be an increased risk of hip/groin injuries during the last two seasons (2015-2016); however, the difference was not statistically significant (n.s). Recurrent injury rate was relatively low (14%), and overuse injuries accounted for the majority of injuries and absence days. Muscle injuries were the main injury type, while kicking and sprinting/running were the primary causes of injury. Goalkeepers had the lowest percentage of injuries and absence days. CONCLUSION Hip/groin injuries are a substantial problem in football, but does not seem to be an increasing phenomenon in the Swedish male first football league. Index and overuse injuries accounted for the majority of injuries and absence days. Thus, the focus should be on preventing hip/groin injuries to lower the injury rate. These new findings should be taken into consideration when designing and implementing preventive training interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Lundgårdh
- Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sport Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Kjell Svensson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Stockholm Sports Trauma Research Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Alricsson
- Department of Sports Science, Linnaeus University, 391 82, Kalmar, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Azuma N, Sugano T, Shimizu I, Kosaka M. Injuries associated with Japanese high-school men's volleyball: a two-year survey and analysis. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:656-660. [PMID: 31528004 PMCID: PMC6698459 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] There are many factors associated with sports injuries in volleyball that remain unclear; therefore, many of these injuries are still not being effectively prevented. This study aimed to help effectively prevent injuries among and provide conditioning guidance to participants of a high-school men's volleyball team. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 36 males of a high-school men's volleyball team, and the circumstances of injury occurrence, injury type, injury site, exposure time, and injury rate per 1,000 player-hours were evaluated among these participants. [Results] Over the 2 year period, 68 injuries occurred, and the injury rate was 1.51/1,000 player-hours. Specifically, the injuries comprised 40 cases of trauma (58.8%) and 28 cases of disorders (41.2%). Additionally, injuries occurring during training tended to be disorders, and injuries occurring during matches tended to be traumas. The most common site of injury was the ankle joint. [Conclusion] The results suggest that it is important for players to have appropriate knowledge about the injuries, acquire accurate form, and undergo various types of site-specific training in order to prevent injury. In the future, the causes and circumstances of occurrence of injury must be verified in a larger number of participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhide Azuma
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Rehabilitation Physical Therapy, Fukui Health Science University: 55 Egami-cho 13-1, Fukui-city, Fukui 910-3190, Japan.,Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan
| | - Tomonari Sugano
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Rehabilitation Physical Therapy, Fukui Health Science University: 55 Egami-cho 13-1, Fukui-city, Fukui 910-3190, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Kosaka
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Fukui General Hospital, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Worth SGA, Reid DA, Howard AB, Henry SM. INJURY INCIDENCE IN COMPETITIVE CROSS-COUNTRY SKIERS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2019; 14:237-252. [PMID: 30997276 PMCID: PMC6452571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Endurance sports, including cross-country skiing, require long hours of repetitive training potentially increasing the chance of injury, yet injury incidence and risk factors for adult cross-country skiers remain relatively unexplored. Data for elite adult north American competitive cross-country skiers is unexplored. A 12 month prospective surveillance study was undertaken to calculate the injury incidence and exposure of cross-country skiers. Injuries by anatomic location and mechanism of injury were calculated. Further, the relationships between new injury and the participant's demographics and physical assessment parameters were examined. The aims of this study were to determine the injury incidence and any risk factors for injury in elite adult north American cross-country skiers. METHODS Elite cross-country skiers (35 men, 36 women) self-reported demographics, injury history, and injury and training surveillance monthly over 12 months. t-tests compared the mean number of injuries per individual, per 1,000 training/exposure hours between anatomic regions, type of injuries, and seasons. Spearman's correlation analyses tested the relationship between new injury and Movement Competency Screen (MCS) score, past injury, total training time, and running training time. To determine if new injury could be predicted from any demographic data, intake physical measures, or, monthly injury, training and racing data, a regression model was developed. RESULTS Overall, 58% of participants (18 men, 23 women) completed the study, and reported 3.81 injuries per 1,000 training/exposure hours. Over 12-months, lower extremity injury incidence (2.13) was higher than upper extremity (0.46) and trunk injury incidence (0.22) (p < 0.05). Non-traumatic/overuse injury incidence (2.76) was higher than acute injury incidence (1.05) (p < .05). Non-ski-season injury incidence (5.25) was not statistically higher than ski-season injury incidence (2.27) (p = 0.07). New injuries were positively correlated with previous injury (p < 0.05), but not with any other variables (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION In this year-long monthly survey of injuries and training load in elite adult north American cross-country skiers, new injuries were positively correlated with previous injury. Lower extremity, and non-traumatic/overuse injuries had the highest incidence rates. There was no significant correlation between new injuries and physical assessment parameters or training load. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3, Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Duncan A. Reid
- Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Sharon M. Henry
- Professor Emerita, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moreno-Pérez V, Travassos B, Calado A, Gonzalo-Skok O, Del Coso J, Mendez-Villanueva A. Adductor squeeze test and groin injuries in elite football players: A prospective study. Phys Ther Sport 2019; 37:54-59. [PMID: 30856592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examining the relationship between hip adductor strength and groin injury incidence during the competitive season of professional football teams. DESIGN Prospective Cohort study. SETTING Controlled laboratory environment. PARTICIPANTS Seventy-one players volunteered to participate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In the pre-season, maximal hip adductor strength was measured by means of the isometric adductor squeeze test. Hip adductor strength, normalized by body mass, was compared between players who suffered a groin injury (n = 18) vs uninjured players (n = 53). Risk ratios (RR) were used to evaluate the likelihood of players to suffer this type of injury. RESULTS Most of the reported groin injuries occurred during competitive matches (5.5 per 1000 match hours). Maximal isometric hip adductor strength was lower in the groin-injured group compared with their uninjured counterparts (429.8 ± 100 vs 564 ± 58.7 N, d = -1.58 and 5.40 ± 1.27 vs 7.71 ± 0.89 N/kg, d = -1.88, respectively). Results revealed that values of maximal isometric adductor strength lower than 465.33 N increased the probability to suffer a groin injury by 72%. Furthermore, values of force relative to body mass lower than 6.971 N/kg increased the probability to suffer a groin injury by 83%. CONCLUSION The assessment of Hip adductor strength, in addition to other measurements, might help practitioners to determine the probability of suffering an overuse groin injuries in elite football players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Moreno-Pérez
- Sports Research Centre, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Avda. de La Universidad s/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain.
| | - B Travassos
- Departamento de Ciências do Desporto, Universidade da Beira Interior, Convento de Sto. António. 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - A Calado
- Rio Ave Rendimento, Rio Ave FC, Rua Sancho I, Estadio do Rio Ave, 4489-876, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
| | - O Gonzalo-Skok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of San Jorge of Zaragoza, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - J Del Coso
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Camilo José Cela University, Sport Sciences Institute Castillo de Alarcón, 49, Villafranca del Castillo, None, 28692, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pruna R, Artells R, Lundblad M, Maffulli N. Genetic biomarkers in non-contact muscle injuries in elite soccer players. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2017; 25:3311-3318. [PMID: 27085366 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-016-4081-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Damage to skeletal muscle necessitates regeneration to maintain proper muscle form and function. Interindividual differences in injury severity, recovery time, and injury rate could be explained by the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in the reparation and regeneration of connective tissue . We wished to identify new genetic biomarkers that could help to prevent or minimize the risk of non-contact muscle injuries and are associated with a predisposition to developing muscle injuries. METHODS Using allelic discrimination techniques, we analysed 12 SNPs in selected genes from the genomic DNA of 74 elite soccer players. RESULTS SNPs in the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene showed evidence of a statistically significant association with injury incidence, severity, and recovery time. SNPs in the SOX15 gene showed evidence of a statistically significant association with injury incidence. SNPs in the GEFT and LIF genes showed evidence of a statistically significant association with recovery time. CONCLUSIONS Genetic profile could explain why some elite soccer players are predisposed to suffer more injuries than others and why they need more time to recover from a particular injury. SNPs in HGF genes have an important role as biomarkers of biological processes fragility within muscle injuries related to injury rate, severity, and long recovery time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricard Pruna
- F.C. Barcelona Medical Services, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Matilda Lundblad
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, London, England
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Adám B, Rasmussen HB, Pedersen RNF, Jepsen JR. Occupational accidents in the Danish merchant fleet and the nationality of seafarers. J Occup Med Toxicol 2014; 9:35. [PMID: 25349623 PMCID: PMC4209059 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-014-0035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to examine occupational accidents reported from non-passenger merchant ships registered in the Danish International Ship Register in 2010-2012, with a focus on analysing nationality differences in the risk of getting injured in an accident. Methods Data about notified occupational accidents were collected from notifications sent to the Danish Maritime Authority and from records of contact with Danish Radio Medical. Events were matched by personal identification and accident data to create a unified database. Stratified cumulative time spent on board by seafarers was used to calculate accident rates. Incidence rates of different nationalities were compared by Poisson regression. Results Western European seafarers had an overall accident rate of 17.5 per 100000 person-days, which proved to be significantly higher than that of Eastern European, South East Asian and Indian seaman (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.53, 0.51 and 0.74, respectively), although differences decreased over the investigated period. Smaller but in most cases still significant discrepancies were observed for serious injuries. The back injury rate of Western European employees was found especially high, while eye injuries seem to be more frequent among South East Asian workers. Conclusions The study identified substantial differences between nationalities in the rate of various accidents reported from merchant ships sailing under the Danish flag. The differences may be attributed to various factors such as safety behaviour. Investigation of special injury types and characterisation of effective elements of safety culture can contribute to the improvement of workplace safety in the maritime sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Adám
- Centre of Maritime Health and Society, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9-10, Esbjerg, DK-6700 Denmark ; Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hanna Barbara Rasmussen
- Centre of Maritime Health and Society, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9-10, Esbjerg, DK-6700 Denmark
| | - Randi Nørgaard Fløe Pedersen
- Centre of Maritime Health and Society, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9-10, Esbjerg, DK-6700 Denmark
| | - Jørgen Riis Jepsen
- Centre of Maritime Health and Society, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9-10, Esbjerg, DK-6700 Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rajkumari N, Thanbuana BT, John NV, Gunjiyal J, Mathur P, Misra MC. A prospective look at the burden of sharps injuries and splashes among trauma health care workers in developing countries: true picture or tip of iceberg. Injury 2014; 45:1470-8. [PMID: 24680470 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Health care workers (HCWs) face constant risk of exposure to cuts and splashes as occupational hazard. Hence, a prospective observational study was conducted to observe the exposure of HCWs to various sharp injuries and splashes during health care and to work up a baseline injury rate among HCWs for future comparison in trauma care set ups. METHODS A 2 year and 5 month study was conducted among the voluntarily reported exposed HCWs of the APEX trauma centre. Such reported cases were actively followed for 6 months after testing for viral markers and counselled. The outcomes of such exposed HCWs and rate of seroconversion was noted. To form a future reference point, the injury rate in trauma care HCWs based on certain defined parameters along with the rate of under reporting were also analysed in this study. RESULTS In our study, doctors were found to have the highest exposure (129, 36.2%), followed by nurses (52, 14.6%) and hospital waste disposal staff (27, 7.6%). Of the source patients, a high number of them were HBV positive (11, 3.1%), followed by HIV positive patients (8, 2.2%). No seroconversion was seen in any of the exposed HCWs. Injuries by sharps (303, 85.1%) outnumber those due to splashes (53, 14.9%) which were much higher in those working in pressing situations. Underreporting was common, being maximally prevalent in hospital waste disposal staff (182, 51.1%). CONCLUSIONS High rates of exposure to sharp injuries and splashes among HCWs call for proper safety protocols. Proper methods to prevent it, encouraging voluntary reporting and an active surveillance team are the need of the hour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nonika Rajkumari
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (Microbiology Division), Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - B T Thanbuana
- Hospital Infection Control, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Nibu Varghese John
- Hospital Infection Control, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Jacinta Gunjiyal
- Hospital Infection Control, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Purva Mathur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine (Microbiology Division), Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Mahesh Chandra Misra
- Department of Surgery, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chae H, Min K, Youn K, Park J, Kim K, Kim H, Lee K. Estimated rate of agricultural injury: the Korean Farmers' Occupational Disease and Injury Survey. Ann Occup Environ Med 2014; 26:8. [PMID: 24808945 PMCID: PMC4012551 DOI: 10.1186/2052-4374-26-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study estimated the rate of agricultural injury using a nationwide survey and identified factors associated with these injuries. Methods The first Korean Farmers’ Occupational Disease and Injury Survey (KFODIS) was conducted by the Rural Development Administration in 2009. Data from 9,630 adults were collected through a household survey about agricultural injuries suffered in 2008. We estimated the injury rates among those whose injury required an absence of more than 4 days. Logistic regression was performed to identify the relationship between the prevalence of agricultural injuries and the general characteristics of the study population. Results We estimated that 3.2% (±0.00) of Korean farmers suffered agricultural injuries that required an absence of more than 4 days. The injury rates among orchard farmers (5.4 ± 0.00) were higher those of all non-orchard farmers. The odds ratio (OR) for agricultural injuries was significantly lower in females (OR: 0.45, 95% CI = 0.45–0.45) compared to males. However, the odds of injury among farmers aged 50–59 (OR: 1.53, 95% CI = 1.46–1.60), 60–69 (OR: 1.45, 95% CI = 1.39–1.51), and ≥70 (OR: 1.94, 95% CI = 1.86–2.02) were significantly higher compared to those younger than 50. In addition, the total number of years farmed, average number of months per year of farming, and average hours per day of farming were significantly associated with agricultural injuries. Conclusions Agricultural injury rates in this study were higher than rates reported by the existing compensation insurance data. Males and older farmers were at a greater risk of agriculture injuries; therefore, the prevention and management of agricultural injuries in this population is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeseon Chae
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdoo Min
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanwoo Youn
- Wonjin Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Department of Applied Statistics, University of Suwon, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungran Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyocher Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsuk Lee
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Twisk DAM, Reurings M. An epidemiological study of the risk of cycling in the dark: the role of visual perception, conspicuity and alcohol use. Accid Anal Prev 2013; 60:134-140. [PMID: 24056284 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To curtail the rising numbers of cyclists seriously injured in road crashes, more insights are needed into the factors that contribute to these crashes. For instance, darkness is known to be associated with higher injury rates, but little is known about the relative influence of factors such as poor conspicuity, impaired perception and alcohol use among cyclists. To examine these factors, the present study analyzed the epidemiological crash data for three meteorological light conditions: daylight, late evening darkness and early morning darkness; for two crash types: crashes with (M-crashes) and without motorized traffic (NM-crashes); and for different age groups. The relative injury rates (injury risk per distance travelled in darkness corrected for daylight injury risks for each age group) confirmed findings from earlier studies that cycling in late evening darkness is associated with higher injury rates than cycling in daylight conditions. This is the case for both crash types with only small differences between the age groups suggesting that poor conspicuity (M-crashes) and impaired perception (NM-crashes) may play a role. In comparison to late evening darkness, relative injury rates in early morning darkness are much higher. This is the case for both crash types with large differences among the age groups, suggesting that in addition to the absence of daylight also age related risk factors are at play. Support for this hypothesis was found from the analyses of hospital records, showing that the proportion of seriously injured cyclists who have been drinking is highest in early morning darkness and has strongly increased over the last decades. These insights provide input for the selection of countermeasures such as improved lighting (both street and bicycle lights) and interventions targeting alcohol use among cyclists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A M Twisk
- SWOV Institute for road safety research, Duindoorn 32, PO Box 1090, 2260 BB Leidschendam, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|