101
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Baldacci F, Toschi N, Lista S, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Kilimann I, Teipel S, Cavedo E, Santos AM, Epelbaum S, Lamari F, Dubois B, Floris R, Garaci F, Bonuccelli U, Hampel H. Two‐level diagnostic classification using cerebrospinal fluid YKL‐40 in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13:993-1003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Baldacci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM) Département de Neurologie Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Boulevard de l'hôpital Paris France
| | - Nicola Toschi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy
- Department of Radiology Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Simone Lista
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM) Département de Neurologie Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Boulevard de l'hôpital Paris France
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Paris France
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience UCL Institute of Neurology London UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine University of Rostock and DZNE Rostock Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine University of Rostock and DZNE Rostock Germany
| | - Enrica Cavedo
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM) Département de Neurologie Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Boulevard de l'hôpital Paris France
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Paris France
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli Brescia Italy
| | - Antonio Melo Santos
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM) Département de Neurologie Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Boulevard de l'hôpital Paris France
| | - Stéphane Epelbaum
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM) Département de Neurologie Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Boulevard de l'hôpital Paris France
| | - Foudil Lamari
- AP‐HP, UF Biochimie des Maladies Neuro‐métaboliques, Service de Biochimie Métabolique Groupe Hospitalier Pitié‐Salpêtrière Paris France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM) Département de Neurologie Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Boulevard de l'hôpital Paris France
| | - Roberto Floris
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy
| | - Francesco Garaci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata Rome Italy
- Casa di Cura “San Raffaele Cassino” Cassino Frosinone Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Harald Hampel
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM) Département de Neurologie Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Boulevard de l'hôpital Paris France
- AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair Paris France
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102
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Epelbaum S, Genthon R, Cavedo E, Habert MO, Lamari F, Gagliardi G, Lista S, Teichmann M, Bakardjian H, Hampel H, Dubois B. Preclinical Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review of the cohorts underlying the concept. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13:454-467. [PMID: 28188032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a relatively recent concept describing an entity characterized by the presence of a pathophysiological biomarker signature characteristic for AD in the absence of specific clinical symptoms. There is rising interest in the scientific community to define such an early target population mainly because of failures of all recent clinical trials despite evidence of biological effects on brain amyloidosis for some compounds. A conceptual framework has recently been proposed for this preclinical phase of AD. However, few data exist on this silent stage of AD. We performed a systematic review to investigate how the concept is defined across studies. The review highlights the substantial heterogeneity concerning the three main determinants of preclinical AD: "normal cognition," "cognitive decline," and "AD pathophysiological signature." We emphasize the need for a harmonized nomenclature of the preclinical AD concept and standardized population-based and case-control studies using unified operationalized criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Epelbaum
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; ICM, CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U 1127, UPMC-P6 UMR S 1127, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
| | - Rémy Genthon
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Enrica Cavedo
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marie Odile Habert
- ICM, CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U 1127, UPMC-P6 UMR S 1127, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de médecine nucléaire, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Foudil Lamari
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Geoffroy Gagliardi
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; ICM, CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U 1127, UPMC-P6 UMR S 1127, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Simone Lista
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; IHU-A-ICM, Paris Institute of Translational Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Paris, France
| | - Marc Teichmann
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; ICM, CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U 1127, UPMC-P6 UMR S 1127, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Hovagim Bakardjian
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; IHU-A-ICM, Paris Institute of Translational Neurosciences, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Paris, France
| | - Harald Hampel
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; ICM, CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U 1127, UPMC-P6 UMR S 1127, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; AXA Research Fund & UPMC Chair, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; ICM, CNRS UMR 7225, Inserm U 1127, UPMC-P6 UMR S 1127, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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103
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Estanga A, Ecay-Torres M, Ibañez A, Izagirre A, Villanua J, Garcia-Sebastian M, Iglesias Gaspar MT, Otaegui-Arrazola A, Iriondo A, Clerigue M, Martinez-Lage P. Beneficial effect of bilingualism on Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarkers and cognition. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 50:144-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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104
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Sochocka M, Zwolińska K, Leszek J. The Infectious Etiology of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:996-1009. [PMID: 28294067 PMCID: PMC5652018 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170313122937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a part of the first line of defense of the body against invasive pathogens, and plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration and repair. A proper inflammatory response ensures the suitable resolution of inflammation and elimination of harmful stimuli, but when the inflammatory reactions are inappropriate it can lead to damage of the surrounding normal cells. The relationship between infections and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) etiology, especially lateonset AD (LOAD) has been continuously debated over the past three decades. METHODS This review discusses whether infections could be a causative factor that promotes the progression of AD and summarizes recent investigations associating infectious agents and chronic inflammation with AD. Preventive and therapeutic approaches to AD in the context of an infectious etiology of the disease are also discussed. RESULTS Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis of the role of neurotropic viruses from the Herpesviridae family, especially Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Human herpesvirus 2 (HHV-2), in AD neuropathology. Recent investigations also indicate the association between Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and dementia. Among bacteria special attention is focused on spirochetes family and on periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis or Treponema denticola that could cause chronic periodontitis and possibly contribute to the clinical onset of AD. CONCLUSION Chronic viral, bacterial and fungal infections might be causative factors for the inflammatory pathway in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sochocka
- Laboratory of Virology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zwolińska
- Laboratory of Virology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Leszek
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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105
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Varma VR, Varma S, An Y, Hohman TJ, Seddighi S, Casanova R, Beri A, Dammer EB, Seyfried NT, Pletnikova O, Moghekar A, Wilson MR, Lah JJ, O’Brien RJ, Levey AI, Troncoso JC, Albert MS, Thambisetty M. Alpha-2 macroglobulin in Alzheimer's disease: a marker of neuronal injury through the RCAN1 pathway. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:13-23. [PMID: 27872486 PMCID: PMC5726508 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical changes that precede the onset of symptoms and eventual diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are a target for potential preventive interventions. A large body of evidence suggests that inflammation is closely associated with AD pathogenesis and may be a promising target pathway for such interventions. However, little is known about the association between systemic inflammation and preclinical AD pathophysiology. We first examined whether the acute-phase protein, alpha-2 macroglobulin (A2M), a major component of the innate immune system, was associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of neuronal injury in preclinical AD and risk of incident AD in the predictors of cognitive decline among normal individuals (BIOCARD) cohort. We find that A2M concentration in blood is significantly associated with CSF concentrations of the neuronal injury markers, tau and phosphorylated tau, and that higher baseline serum A2M concentration is associated with an almost threefold greater risk of progression to clinical symptoms of AD in men. These findings were replicated in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging (ADNI) study. Then, utilizing a systems level approach combining large multi-tissue gene expression datasets with mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses of brain tissue, we identified an A2M gene network that includes regulator of calcineurin (RCAN1), an inhibitor of calcineurin, a well-characterized tau phosphatase. A2M gene and protein expression in the brain were significantly associated with gene and protein expression levels of calcineurin. Collectively these novel findings suggest that A2M is associated with preclinical AD, reflects early neuronal injury in the disease course and may be responsive to tau phosphorylation in the brain through the RCAN1-calcineurin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- VR Varma
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Varma
- HiThru Analytics, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Y An
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - TJ Hohman
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - S Seddighi
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Casanova
- Department of Biostatistical Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - A Beri
- Laboratory of Informatics Development (BTRIS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - EB Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - NT Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - O Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - MR Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - JJ Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - RJ O’Brien
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - AI Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - JC Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - MS Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Thambisetty
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
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106
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Cervera-Carles L, Alcolea D, Estanga A, Ecay-Torres M, Izagirre A, Clerigué M, García-Sebastián M, Villanúa J, Escalas C, Blesa R, Martínez-Lage P, Lleó A, Fortea J, Clarimón J. Cerebrospinal fluid mitochondrial DNA in the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 53:192.e1-192.e4. [PMID: 28089353 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients have been identified and proposed as a novel biomarker for the disease. The lack of validation studies of previous results prompted us to replicate this finding in a comprehensive series of patients and controls. We applied droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in CSF specimens from 124 patients representing the AD spectrum and 140 neurologically healthy controls. The following preanalytical and analytical parameters were evaluated: the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on mtDNA, the linearity of mtDNA load across serial dilutions, and the mtDNA levels in the diagnostic groups. We found a wide range of mtDNA copies, which resulted in a high degree of overlap between groups. Although the AD group presented significantly higher mtDNA counts, the receiver-operating characteristic analysis disclosed an area under the curve of 0.715 to distinguish AD patients from controls. MtDNA was highly stable with low analytical variability. In conclusion, mtDNA levels in CSF show a high interindividual variability, with great overlap within phenotypes and presents low sensitivity for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cervera-Carles
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainara Estanga
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mirian Ecay-Torres
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Andrea Izagirre
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Montserrat Clerigué
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Villanúa
- Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain; Donostia Unit, Osatek SA, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Clàudia Escalas
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Martínez-Lage
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology, Fundación CITA-Alzhéimer Fundazioa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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107
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Recent advances in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for the detection of preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Curr Opin Neurol 2016; 29:749-755. [DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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108
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Varga AW, Wohlleber ME, Giménez S, Romero S, Alonso JF, Ducca EL, Kam K, Lewis C, Tanzi EB, Tweardy S, Kishi A, Parekh A, Fischer E, Gumb T, Alcolea D, Fortea J, Lleó A, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Mosconi L, Glodzik L, Pirraglia E, Burschtin OE, de Leon MJ, Rapoport DM, Lu SE, Ayappa I, Osorio RS. Reduced Slow-Wave Sleep Is Associated with High Cerebrospinal Fluid Aβ42 Levels in Cognitively Normal Elderly. Sleep 2016; 39:2041-2048. [PMID: 27568802 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.6240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Emerging evidence suggests a role for sleep in contributing to the progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). Slow wave sleep (SWS) is the stage during which synaptic activity is minimal and clearance of neuronal metabolites is high, making it an ideal state to regulate levels of amyloid beta (Aβ). We thus aimed to examine relationships between concentrations of Aβ42 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and measures of SWS in cognitively normal elderly subjects. METHODS Thirty-six subjects underwent a clinical and cognitive assessment, a structural MRI, a morning to early afternoon lumbar puncture, and nocturnal polysomnography. Correlations and linear regression analyses were used to assess for associations between CSF Aβ42 levels and measures of SWS controlling for potential confounders. Resulting models were compared to each other using ordinary least squared linear regression analysis. Additionally, the participant sample was dichotomized into "high" and "low" Aβ42 groups to compare SWS bout length using survival analyses. RESULTS A significant inverse correlation was found between CSF Aβ42 levels, SWS duration and other SWS characteristics. Collectively, total SWA in the frontal lead was the best predictor of reduced CSF Aβ42 levels when controlling for age and ApoE status. Total sleep time, time spent in NREM1, NREM2, or REM sleep were not correlated with CSF Aβ42. CONCLUSIONS In cognitively normal elderly, reduced and fragmented SWS is associated with increases in CSF Aβ42, suggesting that disturbed sleep might drive an increase in soluble brain Aβ levels prior to amyloid deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Varga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Margaret E Wohlleber
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Sandra Giménez
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Romero
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.,Departament d'Enginyeria de Sistemes, Automàtica i Informàtica Industrial, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan F Alonso
- Departament d'Enginyeria de Sistemes, Automàtica i Informàtica Industrial, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.,Escola Universitària d'Enginyeria Tècnica Industrial de Barcelona, UPC, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma L Ducca
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Korey Kam
- The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
| | - Clifton Lewis
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.,Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Emily B Tanzi
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Samuel Tweardy
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Akifumi Kishi
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ankit Parekh
- NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Esther Fischer
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Tyler Gumb
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.,Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lisa Mosconi
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Lidia Glodzik
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Elizabeth Pirraglia
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Omar E Burschtin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Mony J de Leon
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - David M Rapoport
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Shou-En Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Indu Ayappa
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ricardo S Osorio
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Qi C, Bao J, Wang J, Zhu H, Xue Y, Wang X, Li H, Sun W, Gao W, Lai Y, Chen JG, Zhang Y. Asperterpenes A and B, two unprecedented meroterpenoids from Aspergillus terreus with BACE1 inhibitory activities. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6563-6572. [PMID: 28042460 PMCID: PMC5131395 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02464e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asperterpenes A (1) and B (2), two 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid-based meroterpenoids that contain a unique β-oriented Me-21 with an unprecedented 1,2,5-trimethyl-4,9-dioxobicyclo[3.3.1]non-2-ene-3-carboxylic acid moiety, were obtained from Aspergillus terreus in very limited amounts of 3.6 mg and 1.8 mg, respectively. The absolute structure of 1 was determined using X-ray diffraction. Because of the low yield of 1, a comprehensive characterization of the BACE1 inhibitory activities of 1 was completed via molecular biological, cell and animal studies guided by in silico target confirmation (ISTC). ISTC assays suggested that compounds 1 and 2 might be BACE1 inhibitors. In cell-based tests, asperterpenes A and B, as natural products, exhibited promising inhibitory activities against BACE1, with IC50 values of 78 and 59 nM, respectively. LY2811376 (the positive control), one of the most potent clinical BACE1 inhibitors, has shown an IC50 value of 260 nM. In vivo, compound 1 exhibited activity similar to that of LY2811376 against Alzheimer's disease (AD) in 3xTg AD mice. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that asperterpene A, which contains a novel carbon skeleton, is the first terpenoid to exhibit effective BACE1 inhibitory activity. Moreover, 1 represents a potential lead compound and a versatile scaffold for the development of drugs for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxing Qi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Jian Bao
- School of Basic Medicine , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Hucheng Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Yongbo Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
| | - Hua Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Weiguang Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Weixi Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Yongji Lai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- School of Basic Medicine , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation , School of Pharmacy , Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China .
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Sanfilippo C, Malaguarnera L, Di Rosa M. Chitinase expression in Alzheimer's disease and non-demented brains regions. J Neurol Sci 2016; 369:242-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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111
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Cerebrospinal fluid Presenilin-1 increases at asymptomatic stage in genetically determined Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2016; 11:66. [PMID: 27686161 PMCID: PMC5043603 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-016-0131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenilin-1 (PS1), the active component of the intramembrane γ-secretase complex, can be detected as soluble heteromeric aggregates in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The aim of this study was to examine the different soluble PS1 complexes in the lumbar CSF (CSF-PS1) of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly in both symptomatic and asymptomatic genetically determined AD, in order to evaluate their potential as early biomarkers. METHODS Western blotting, differential centrifugation and co-immunoprecipitation served to determine and characterize CSF-PS1 complexes. We also monitored the assembly of soluble PS1 into complexes in a cell model, and the participation of Aβ in the dynamics and robustness of the stable PS1 complexes. RESULTS There was an age-dependent increase in CSF-PS1 levels in cognitively normal controls, the different complexes represented in similar proportions. The total levels of CSF-PS1, and in particular the proportion of the stable 100-150 kDa complexes, increased in subjects with autosomal dominant AD that carried PSEN1 mutations (eight symptomatic and six asymptomatic ADAD) and in Down syndrome individuals (ten demented and ten non-demented DS), compared with age-matched controls (n = 23), even prior to the appearance of symptoms of dementia. The proportion of stable CSF-PS1 complexes also increased in sporadic AD (n = 13) and mild-cognitive impaired subjects (n = 12), relative to age-matched controls (n = 17). Co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated the association of Aβ oligomers with soluble PS1 complexes, particularly the stable complexes. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that CSF-PS1 complexes may be useful as an early biomarker for AD, reflecting the pathology at asymptomatic state.
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Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Slovak Patients: over 10-Year Period Review. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5919-5927. [PMID: 27665282 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare, but rapidly progressive, up to now untreatable and fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Clinical diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is difficult; however, it can be facilitated by suitable biomarkers. Aim of the present study is to compare levels of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (total tau protein, phosphorylated-tau protein, protein 14-3-3 and amyloid beta) in Slovak population of CJD suspect cases, retrospectively in over a 10-year period. One thousand three hundred sixty-four CSF samples from patients with suspect CJD, forming a homogenous group in terms of geographical as well as of equal transport conditions, storage and laboratory processing, were analysed. Definite diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was confirmed in 101 patients with genetic form, and 60 patients with its sporadic form of the disease. Specificity of protein 14-3-3 and total tau in both forms CJD was similar (87 % for P14-3-3/85 % for total tau), sensitivity to P 14-3-3 and total tau was higher in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) (90/95 %) than in genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (gCJD) (89/74 %). As expected, the total tau levels were significantly higher in CJD patients than in controls, but there was also significant difference between gCJD and sCJD (levels in gCJD were lower; p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in p-tau and Aβ 1-42 levels neither between both CJD forms nor between CJD patients and control group.
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Cosín-Tomás M, Antonell A, Lladó A, Alcolea D, Fortea J, Ezquerra M, Lleó A, Martí MJ, Pallàs M, Sanchez-Valle R, Molinuevo JL, Sanfeliu C, Kaliman P. Plasma miR-34a-5p and miR-545-3p as Early Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential and Limitations. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5550-5562. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Licastro F, Porcellini E. Persistent infections, immune-senescence and Alzheimer's disease. Oncoscience 2016; 3:135-42. [PMID: 27489858 PMCID: PMC4965253 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Classical hallmarks of AD such as amyloid deposition and neurofibrillary tangles do not completely explain AD pathogenesis. Recent investigations proposed Aβ peptide as an anti-microbial factor. Our previous works suggested that the concomitant presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from AD genetic studies might impair antiviral defenses and increase the individual susceptibility to herpes virus infection. Viruses of herpes family by inducing frequent cycles of reactivation and latency constantly challenge the immune response and drive the accumulation of memory T cells. However, the immune system is not able to completely eradicate these viruses. The continuous antigen stimulation activates chronic inflammatory responses that may progressively induce neurodegenerative mechanisms in genetically susceptible elderly. The aim of this paper is to suggest new perspectives in clinical pathogenesis of AD with potential prevention and new medical treatment of the age associated cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Licastro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Elisa Porcellini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
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115
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Osorio RS, Ducca EL, Wohlleber ME, Tanzi EB, Gumb T, Twumasi A, Tweardy S, Lewis C, Fischer E, Koushyk V, Cuartero-Toledo M, Sheikh MO, Pirraglia E, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Lu SE, Mosconi L, Glodzik L, Schuetz S, Varga AW, Ayappa I, Rapoport DM, de Leon MJ. Orexin-A is Associated with Increases in Cerebrospinal Fluid Phosphorylated-Tau in Cognitively Normal Elderly Subjects. Sleep 2016; 39:1253-60. [PMID: 26951396 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.5846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of orexin-A with respect to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers, and explore its relationship to cognition and sleep characteristics in a group of cognitively normal elderly individuals. METHODS Subjects were recruited from multiple community sources for National Institutes of Health supported studies on normal aging, sleep and CSF biomarkers. Sixty-three participants underwent home monitoring for sleep-disordered breathing, clinical, sleep and cognitive evaluations, as well as a lumbar puncture to obtain CSF. Individuals with medical history or with magnetic resonance imaging evidence of disorders that may affect brain structure or function were excluded. Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between orexin-A and CSF AD-biomarkers controlling for potential sociodemographic and sleep confounders. RESULTS Levels of orexin-A, amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42), phosphorylated-tau (P-Tau), total-tau (T-Tau), Apolipoprotein E4 status, age, years of education, reported total sleep time, number of awakenings, apnea-hypopnea indices (AHI), excessive daytime sleepiness, and a cognitive battery were analyzed. Subjects were 69.59 ± 8.55 years of age, 57.1% were female, and 30.2% were apolipoprotein E4+. Orexin-A was positively correlated with Aβ42, P-Tau, and T-Tau. The associations between orexin-A and the AD-biomarkers were driven mainly by the relationship between orexin-A and P-Tau and were not influenced by other clinical or sleep characteristics that were available. CONCLUSIONS Orexin-A is associated with increased P-Tau in normal elderly individuals. Increases in orexin-A and P-Tau might be a consequence of the reduction in the proportion of the deeper, more restorative slow wave sleep and rapid eye movement sleep reported with aging. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov registration number NCT01962779.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma L Ducca
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | - Emily B Tanzi
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Tyler Gumb
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Akosua Twumasi
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Samuel Tweardy
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Clifton Lewis
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Esther Fischer
- Department of Neuroscience, JFK Medical Center, Edison, NJ
| | | | | | | | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Shou-En Lu
- Department of Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Lisa Mosconi
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lidia Glodzik
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sonja Schuetz
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Andrew W Varga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Indu Ayappa
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - David M Rapoport
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mony J de Leon
- Center for Brain Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Calsolaro V, Edison P. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: Current evidence and future directions. Alzheimers Dement 2016; 12:719-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 738] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Edison
- Neurology Imaging Unit; Imperial College London; UK
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A Novel, Multi-Target Natural Drug Candidate, Matrine, Improves Cognitive Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease Transgenic Mice by Inhibiting Aβ Aggregation and Blocking the RAGE/Aβ Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1939-1952. [PMID: 26899576 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of AD is a topic that has puzzled researchers for many years. Current mainstream theories still consider Aβ to be the most important target for the cure of AD. In this study, we attempted to explore multiple targets for AD treatments with the aim of identifying a qualified compound that could both inhibit the aggregation of Aβ and block the RAGE/Aβ axis. We believed that a compound that targets both Aβ and RAGE may be a feasible strategy for AD treatment. A novel and small natural compound, Matrine (Mat), was identified by high-throughput screening of the main components of traditional Chinese herbs used to treat dementia. Various experimental techniques were used to evaluate the effect of Mat on these two targets both in vitro and in AD mouse model. Mat could inhibit Aβ42-induced cytotoxicity and suppress the Aβ/RAGE signaling pathway in vitro. Additionally, the results of in vivo evaluations of the effects of Mat on the two targets were consistent with the results of our in vitro studies. Furthermore, Mat reduced proinflammatory cytokines and Aβ deposition and attenuated the memory deficits of AD transgenic mice. We believe that this novel, multi-target strategy to inhibit both Aβ and RAGE, is worthy of further exploration. Therefore, our future studies will focus on identifying even more effective multi-target compounds for the treatment of AD based on the molecular structure of Mat.
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118
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Morenas-Rodríguez E, Cervera-Carles L, Vilaplana E, Alcolea D, Carmona-Iragui M, Dols-Icardo O, Ribosa-Nogué R, Muñoz-Llahuna L, Sala I, Belén Sánchez-Saudinós M, Blesa R, Clarimón J, Fortea J, Lleó A. Progranulin Protein Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Primary Neurodegenerative Dementias. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 50:539-46. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Estrella Morenas-Rodríguez
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Laura Cervera-Carles
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Eduard Vilaplana
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - María Carmona-Iragui
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Oriol Dols-Icardo
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Roser Ribosa-Nogué
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Laia Muñoz-Llahuna
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Isabel Sala
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - M. Belén Sánchez-Saudinós
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Spain
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Janelidze S, Hertze J, Zetterberg H, Landqvist Waldö M, Santillo A, Blennow K, Hansson O. Cerebrospinal fluid neurogranin and YKL-40 as biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 3:12-20. [PMID: 26783546 PMCID: PMC4704480 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Widespread implementation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in clinical settings requires improved accuracy for diagnosis of prodromal disease and for distinguishing AD from non‐AD dementias. Novel and promising CSF biomarkers include neurogranin, a marker of synaptic degeneration, and YKL‐40, a marker of neuroinflammation. Methods CSF neurogranin and YKL‐40 were measured in a cohort of 338 individuals including cognitively healthy controls and patients with stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI), MCI who later developed AD (MCI‐AD), AD dementia, Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), vascular dementia (VaD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The diagnostic accuracy of neurogranin and YKL‐40 were compared with the core AD biomarkers, β‐amyloid (Aβ42 and Aβ40) and tau. Results Neurogranin levels were increased in AD and decreased in non‐AD dementia compared with healthy controls. As a result, AD patients showed considerably higher CSF levels of neurogranin than DLB/PDD, VaD and FTD patients. CSF YKL‐40 levels were increased in AD compared with DLB/PDD but not with VaD or FTD. Neither CSF neurogranin nor YKL‐40 levels differed significantly between sMCI patients and MCI‐AD patients. Both biomarkers correlated positively with CSF Aβ40 and tau. CSF neurogranin and YKL‐40 could separate AD dementia from non‐AD dementias (neurogranin, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.761; YKL‐40, AUC = 0.604; Aβ42/neurogranin, AUC = 0.849; Aβ42/YKL‐40, AUC = 0.785), but the diagnostic accuracy was not better compared to CSF Aβ and tau (Aβ42, AUC = 0.755; tau AUC = 0.858; Aβ42/tau, AUC = 0.895; Aβ42/Aβ40, AUC = 0.881). Similar results were obtained when separating sMCI from MCI‐AD cases. Interpretation CSF neurogranin and YKL‐40 do not improve the diagnostic accuracy of either prodromal AD or AD dementia when compared to the core CSF AD biomarkers. Nevertheless, the CSF level of neurogranin is selectively increased in AD dementia, whereas YKL‐40 is increased in both AD and FTD suggesting that synaptic degeneration and glial activation may be important in these neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorena Janelidze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Joakim Hertze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden; Memory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden; Department of Molecular Neuroscience UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square London United Kingdom
| | - Maria Landqvist Waldö
- Memory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden; Section of Geriatric Psychiatry Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Alexander Santillo
- Clinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden; Memory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö Lund University Malmö Sweden; Memory Clinic Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
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Tijms BM, Kate MT, Wink AM, Visser PJ, Ecay M, Clerigue M, Estanga A, Garcia Sebastian M, Izagirre A, Villanua J, Martinez Lage P, van der Flier WM, Scheltens P, Sanz Arigita E, Barkhof F. Gray matter network disruptions and amyloid beta in cognitively normal adults. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 37:154-160. [PMID: 26559882 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gray matter networks are disrupted in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is unclear when these disruptions start during the development of AD. Amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ42) is among the earliest changes in AD. We studied, in cognitively healthy adults, the relationship between Aβ42 levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and single-subject cortical gray matter network measures. Single-subject gray matter networks were extracted from structural magnetic resonance imaging scans in a sample of cognitively healthy adults (N = 185; age range 39-79, mini-mental state examination >25, N = 12 showed abnormal Aβ42 < 550 pg/mL). Degree, clustering coefficient, and path length were computed at whole brain level and for 90 anatomical areas. Associations between continuous Aβ42 CSF levels and single-subject cortical gray matter network measures were tested. Smoothing splines were used to determine whether a linear or nonlinear relationship gave a better fit to the data. Lower Aβ42 CSF levels were linearly associated at whole brain level with lower connectivity density, and nonlinearly with lower clustering values and higher path length values, which is indicative of a less-efficient network organization. These relationships were specific to medial temporal areas, precuneus, and the middle frontal gyrus (all p < 0.05). These results suggest that mostly within the normal spectrum of amyloid, lower Aβ42 levels can be related to gray matter networks disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty M Tijms
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mara Ten Kate
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alle Meije Wink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mirian Ecay
- Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Ainara Estanga
- Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Izagirre
- Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jorge Villanua
- Department of Neurology, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastian, Spain; Donostia Unit, Osatek SA, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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