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Zhou XD, Wang JL, Guo DD, Jiang WW, Li ZK, Wang L, Zou Y, Bi MJ, Li Q. Neuroprotective effect of targeted regulatory Nrf2 gene on rats with acute brain injury induced by carbon monoxide poisoning. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1742-1757. [PMID: 34032369 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been considered as an important cause of neurocyte damage induced by carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning; however, the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. The study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism and the neuroprotective effect of targeted regulatory nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene on acute brain injury in CO poisoning rats. An acute CO poisoning rat model was established by CO inhalation in hyperbaric oxygen chamber and followed by the administration of Nrf2 gene-loaded lentivirus. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM), the levels of Nrf2, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and cell apoptosis were determined in brain tissue in rats. We found that CO poisoning could decrease ΔΨm of cells, slightly increase the expressions of Nrf2 and GCLC at mRNA and protein levels, reduce CAT and GSH-Px, and thus initiate apoptosis process. The Nrf2 gene treatment could obviously enhance the expressions of Nrf2 at mRNA and protein levels, and increase the concentrations of CAT and GSH-Px, maintain the ΔΨm of cells in brain tissue, significantly inhibit cell apoptosis as compared with the CO poisoning group (p < .05). These findings suggest that CO poisoning could induce oxidative stress and impair mitochondrial function of cells in brain tissue. The administration of Nrf2 gene could notably strengthen the antioxidant capacity of cells through regulating the downstream genes of Nrf2/antioxidant responsive element signal pathway, and positively protect cells against brain injury induced by acute severe CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Zhou
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing-Lin Wang
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Dong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Wen Jiang
- Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Kun Li
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Centre of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Wang
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ming-Jun Bi
- Emergency Center, Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Li
- Emergency Department, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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102
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Exposure to footshock stress downregulates antioxidant genes and increases neuronal apoptosis in an Aβ(1-42) rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2021; 150:105170. [PMID: 34419526 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that develops from exposure to trauma, mostly when normal psychological mechanisms fail. Studies have shown that people who have PTSD are susceptible to developing dementia, mostly Alzheimer's disease (AD), suggesting common underlying risk factors in the comorbidity. However, data elucidating links between these conditions is scarce. Here we show that footshock stress exacerbates AD-like pathology. To induce a trauma-like condition, the rats were exposed to multiple intense footshocks followed by a single reminder. This was followed by bilateral intrahippocampal lesions with amyloid-beta (Aβ) (1-42), to model AD-like pathology. We found that footshocks increased anxiety behavior and impaired fear memory extinction in Aβ(1-42) lesioned rats. We also found a reduced expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and an increased expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in the amygdala and hippocampus. Furthermore, oxidative stress level was sustained, which was associated with increased apoptosis in the amygdala and hippocampus. Our finding suggests that AD-like pathology can induce oxidative changes in the amygdala and hippocampus, which can be exaggerated by footshock stress.
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103
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Zhang HT, Wang XZ, Zhang QM, Zhao H. Neuroprotection of chromobox 7 knockout in the mouse after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/hemeoxygenase-1 signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S178-S186. [PMID: 34353139 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211036122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of chromobox 7 (CBX7)-mediated nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS The experimental wild-type (WT) and CBX7-/- mice were used to establish cerebral I/R models using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery to determine CBX7 levels at different time points after MCAO injury. For all mice, neurological behavior, infarct size, water content, and oxidative stress-related indicators were determined, and transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)) staining method was employed to observe cell apoptosis, while Western blot to measure the expression of CBX7 and Nrf/HO-1 pathway-related proteins. RESULTS At 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days after mice with MCAO, CBX7 expression was gradually up-regulated and the peak level was reached at 24 h. Mice in the WT + MCAO group had increased infarct size, with significant increases in the modified neurological severity scores and water content in the brain, as well as the quantity of TUNEL-positive cells. For the oxidative stress-indicators, an increase was seen in the content of MDA (malondial dehyde), but the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and content of GSH-PX (glutathione peroxidase) and CAT (catalase) were decreased; meanwhile, the protein expression of CBX7, HO-1, and nuclear Nrf2 was up-regulated, while the cytoplasmic Nrf2 was down-regulated. Moreover, CBX7 knockout attenuated I/R injury in mice. CONCLUSION Knockout of CBX7 may protect mice from cerebral I/R injury by reducing cell apoptosis and oxidative stress, possibly via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xi-Zeng Wang
- The Third Department of Surgery, Xintai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xintai, China
| | - Qing-Mei Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Shandong Liaocheng Veteran Hospital, Liaocheng City, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, 230965Taian Central Hospital, Taian, China
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Abstract
Free fatty acids (FFAs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases that includes obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). FFAs serve as ligands for free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) that belong to the family of rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are expressed throughout the body to maintain energy homeostasis under changing nutritional conditions. Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 120, is a long-chain fatty acid receptor highly expressed in adipocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages. Activation of FFAR4 helps maintain metabolic homeostasis by regulating adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation. Furthermore, dysfunction of FFAR4 is associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and eccentric remodeling in both humans and mice, making FFAR4 an attractive therapeutic target for treating or preventing metabolic diseases. While much of the previous literature on FFAR4 has focused on its role in obesity and diabetes, recent studies have demonstrated that FFAR4 may also play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis and CVD. Most notably, FFAR4 activation reduces monocyte-endothelial cell interaction, enhances cholesterol efflux from macrophages, reduces lesion size in atherogenic mouse models, and stimulates oxylipin production in myocytes that functions in a feed-forward cardioprotective mechanism. This review will focus on the role of FFAR4 in metabolic diseases and highlights an underappreciated role of FFAR4 in the development of atherosclerosis and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gage M Stuttgen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Daisy Sahoo
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Felisbino K, Granzotti JG, Bello-Santos L, Guiloski IC. Nutrigenomics in Regulating the Expression of Genes Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Physiol 2021; 12:699220. [PMID: 34366888 PMCID: PMC8334860 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.699220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrigenomics is the study of the gene-nutrient interaction and it indicates that some nutrients, called bioactive compounds, can mold the genetic expression or change the nucleotide chain. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites found in plants that are regularly consumed in functional foods and help prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. This article objected to review studies about the interaction of diet with polyphenols and Mediterranean diet in the expression of human genes related to T2DM. Resveratrol acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and increases mitochondrial function. Regular consumption of quercetin resulted in improvement of hypertension and suppression of diabetes-induced vasoconstriction. Genistein also showed positive results in T2DM, such as increased cell mass and improved glucose tolerance and insulin levels. Catechins showed efficiency in inducing genes in triacylglycerol biosynthesis, inhibition of fatty acids and cholesterol, and resulting in their participation in mitigating complications of diabetes. Lastly, curcumin was demonstrated to be a protector of the pancreatic islets against streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress. Growing evidence suggest that bioactive compounds such as polyphenols have an important role in T2DM and the prevention and treatment of its complication, as they cause activation or inhibition of related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Felisbino
- Centro de Ensino Superior de Maringá (CESUMAR), Curitiba, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Izonete Cristina Guiloski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisas Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
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Wang X, Yu JY, Sun Y, Wang H, Shan H, Wang S. Baicalin protects LPS-induced blood-brain barrier damage and activates Nrf2-mediated antioxidant stress pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107725. [PMID: 34162131 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The integrity of the BBB is closely related to brain microvascular endothelial cells and TJs, and its dysfunction can lead to stroke, multiple sclerosis, extracranial injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Baicalin is one of the main bioactive extracts from Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation pharmacological functions. Preventive protection with baicalin for seven consecutive days can significantly improve the appearance of cell apoptosis and Fluorescein sodium infiltration in the brain tissue of BALB/C mice. In addition, baicalin can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS in mice and bEnd.3 cells, including IL-1β and TNF-α. At the same time, LPS caused a decrease in tight junction proteins in the blood-brain barrier, but baicalin can alleviate the damage of the blood-brain barrier by up-regulating Claudin-5 and ZO-1 protein expression. In addition, the results showed that baicalin reduced the production of ROS and MDA in bEnd.3 cells and promoted the production of SOD, and up-regulated the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1. The mechanism of this change was mediated by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. All in all, Baicalin protected LPS-induced blood-brain barrier damage and activateed Nrf2-mediated antioxidant stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Chang Cheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Jia-Ying Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Chang Cheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Chang Cheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Chang Cheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Hu Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Chang Cheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Shubai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Chang Cheng Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China.
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Zhang R, Qi J, Zhou M, Pan T, Zhang Z, Yao Y, Han H, Han Y. Upregulation of Nrf2 Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced, Complement Activation-Associated Endothelial Injury and Apoptosis in Transplant-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy. Transplant Cell Ther 2021; 27:758.e1-758.e8. [PMID: 34174470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a serious and life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Studies have reported that the main pathological manifestation of the disease is an endothelial injury associated with complement activation, but its molecular biological mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous studies have shown that oxidative stress may induce complement activation in TA-TMA. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a molecule that regulates oxidative stress, can inhibit endothelial stimulation by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We assessed Nrf2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with TA-TMA compared with healthy donors. Nrf2 expression, ROS accumulation, complement activation, and apoptosis were then assessed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) incubated with TA-TMA plasma to identify whether complement-associated endothelial damage induced by oxidative stress occurs in TA-TMA. The protective effect of Nrf2 pathway activation on TA-TMA-induced endothelial injury was also investigated to explore a new avenue for TA-TMA prevention and treatment. In this study, peripheral blood was collected from six patients with TA-TMA, and healthy donors served as negative controls. We determined the expression of Nrf2 through in vitro and in vivo experiments and measured the level of apoptosis. We found increased expression of Nrf2 in PBMCs from patients with TA-TMA. HUVECs were then incubated with plasma from patients with TA-TMA or with plasma from healthy donors, and we found that complement 3 (C3) levels were increased in HUVECs treated with TA-TMA plasma. In contrast, total Nrf2 levels were decreased, and ROS production and apoptosis levels were increased. To determine whether complement activation and apoptosis were caused by oxidative stress, we added N-acetyl-L-cysteine to HUVECs incubated with TA-TMA plasma. As a result, ROS production, complement activation, and apoptosis levels were reduced. Finally, we upregulated Nrf2 in HUVECs by rescue experiments, and we found that activation of Nrf2 attenuated endothelial cell apoptosis and ROS production and reduced C3 and C5b-9 levels. These results suggest that oxidative stress-induced, complement activation-associated endothelial injury occurs in TA-TMA and that upregulation of Nrf2 protects endothelial cells from damage. Activation of the Nrf2 pathway may be a potential target for the treatment of complement activation-associated endothelial injury in TA-TMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaqian Qi
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China
| | - Yifang Yao
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China
| | - Haohao Han
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Han
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Suzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Qi H, Gao ZW, Hou J, Zhou Q, Ma W, Dai YH, She WD. Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2-Histone Deacetylase 2 Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Refractory Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Glucocorticoid Resistance. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2021; 83:227-233. [PMID: 34091451 DOI: 10.1159/000515205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A significant number of sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) patients had no noticeable hearing improvement after glucocorticoid (GC) treatment. In the present study, we examined expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of refractory SSNHL patients to study the role of NRF2-HDAC2 pathway in GC insensitivity hearing improvement after GC treatment, which is usually referred to as refractory SSNHL or GC insensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-four refractory SSNHL patients were treated by intratympanic GC infusion. Hearing was tested in all patients before and after treatment by pure tone hearing test. NRF2/HDAC2 mRNA and protein levels were examined in PBMCs of refractory SSNHL patients before and after treatment. PBMCs from healthy volunteers were used as normal controls. RESULTS According to the hearing improvement after treatment, patients were assigned into 2 groups: the intratympanic GC sensitive (IGCS) group (hearing recovery ≥15 dB HL) and the intratympanic GC insensitive (IGCI) group (hearing recovery <15 dB HL). Before treatment, the NRF2 mRNA level was lower in all patients than the normal control group. After treatment, NRF2 and HDAC2 mRNA and protein levels were increased in the IGCS group, while no significant change was observed in the IGCI group. CONCLUSION Low response of NRF2/HDAC2 proteins is associated with GC insensitivity in SSNHL. We speculate that the NRF2-HDAC2 pathway affects GC sensitivity in SSNHL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zi-Wen Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Hong Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wan-Dong She
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yang K, Shen Z, Zou Y, Gao K. Rosmarinic acid inhibits migration, invasion, and p38/AP-1 signaling via miR-1225-5p in colorectal cancer cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2021; 41:284-293. [PMID: 32838607 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1808674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the molecular mechanism of the migration and invasion is critical for identifying novel therapeutic targets and may significantly improve the prognosis of colorectal cancer. Emerging evidence suggests an involvement of dysregulated microRNAs in the process of tumorigenesis. Here, we show that miR-1225-5p prevents migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-1225-5p significantly decreases the expression of Matrix Metalloproteases (MMPs)-1, 3, and 9. Knockdown of miR-1225-5p elevates ROS level via regulating Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Furthermore, miR-1225-5p attenuates IL-17A-induced p38/AP-1-signaling pathway by suppressing IL-17RA expression. We also examined the biological effects of Rosmarinic acid (RA) on metastatic colorectal cancer cells. RA inhibited EMT via the p38/AP-1 signaling, and miR-1225-5p is essential for RA-mediated anti-metastatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaolong Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueyi Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Münzel T, Templin C, Cammann VL, Hahad O. Takotsubo Syndrome: Impact of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:216-223. [PMID: 33864955 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS) is characterized by a transient left ventricular dysfunction recovering spontaneously within days or weeks. Although the pathophysiology of TTS remains obscure, there is growing evidence suggesting TTS to be associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may be involved in causing transient coronary and peripheral endothelial dysfunction leading to a transient impairment of myocardial contraction due to stunning (apical ballooning). Endothelial dysfunction is mainly caused by decreased vascular and myocardial nitric oxide bioavailability in response to increased ROS production. Accordingly, studies in humans and animal models demonstrated increased myocardial dihydroethidium staining of the myocardium in endomyocardial biopsy specimens, increased levels of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde as well as reduced glutathione levels compatible with increased oxidative stress. As significant superoxide sources the mitochondria and the NADPH oxidase isoform NOX-4 and the NOX-2 regulating cytosolic subunit p67phox have been identified. Treatment with antioxidants such as sodium hydrosulfide reduced superoxide production in mitochondria and reduced expression of NOX-4 and p67phox, respectively. The presence of superoxide and nitric oxide also provides the basis for the concept of nitro-oxidative as well as nitrosative stress in TTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | | | | | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Wang D, Hou J, Wan J, Yang Y, Liu S, Li X, Li W, Dai X, Zhou P, Liu W, Wang P. Dietary chlorogenic acid ameliorates oxidative stress and improves endothelial function in diabetic mice via Nrf2 activation. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060520985363. [PMID: 33472479 PMCID: PMC7829538 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520985363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is an antioxidant dietary factor. We investigated the effects of CGA on endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic mice and the mechanistic role of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the antioxidant effect of CGA. METHODS Diabetic (db/db) mice were fed normal chow or chow containing 0.02% CGA for 12 weeks. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mouse aortas were treated with normal or high glucose. RESULTS CGA treatment induced upregulation of Nrf2 in HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. CGA pretreatment prevented reactive oxygen species generation and preserved nitric oxide bioavailability in HUVECs and aortas from wild-type but not Nrf2-/- mice. CGA improved endothelium-dependent relaxation in high glucose-treated aortas from wild-type and db/db mice, but not Nrf2-/- mice. Dietary CGA improved endothelium-dependent relaxation in db/db mice. CONCLUSIONS CGA ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice through activation of the Nrf2 anti-oxidative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jixin Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jindong Wan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenzhang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaozhen Dai
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peijian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis, Sichuan Higher Education Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ren JX, Li C, Yan XL, Qu Y, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Crosstalk between Oxidative Stress and Ferroptosis/Oxytosis in Ischemic Stroke: Possible Targets and Molecular Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6643382. [PMID: 34055196 PMCID: PMC8133868 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6643382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key cause of ischemic stroke and an initiator of neuronal dysfunction and death, mainly through the overproduction of peroxides and the depletion of antioxidants. Ferroptosis/oxytosis is a unique, oxidative stress-induced cell death pathway characterized by lipid peroxidation and glutathione depletion. Both oxidative stress and ferroptosis/oxytosis have common molecular pathways. This review summarizes the possible targets and the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between oxidative stress and ferroptosis/oxytosis in ischemic stroke. This knowledge might help to further understand the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and open new perspectives for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Ren
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chao Li
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, No. 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
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113
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Wu M, Wu Y, Xu K, Lin L. Protective Effects of 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 against High-Glucose-Induced Damage in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Involve Activation of Nrf2 Antioxidant Signaling. J Vasc Res 2021; 58:267-276. [PMID: 33946068 DOI: 10.1159/000515512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the protective effects and related mech-anisms of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on en-dothelial dysfunction under hyperglycemic conditions. METHODS Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with normal glucose (glucose concentration of 5.5 mmol/L), high glucose (glucose concentration of 33 mmol/L), and high glucose plus 1,25(OH)2D3, respectively. Cell viability and apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels, and expression levels of proteins involved were measured. RESULTS High glucose decreased HUVEC viability, promoted ROS production and apoptosis, and reduced NO generation, which was associated with decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased levels of proinflam-matory cytokines. 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment enhanced HUVEC viability, attenuated ROS generation and apoptosis, and -increased NO production, which was accompanied by -enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced -proinflammatory factors. Mechanically, 1,25(OH)2D3 promoted nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in a vitamin D receptor (VDR)-dependent manner, and Nrf2 siRNA abolished the antioxidative and -anti-inflammatory effects of 1,25(OH)2D3. CONCLUSIONS 1,25(OH)2D3 attenuates high-glucose-induced endothelial oxidative injury through upregulation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway in a VDR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Affiliated Putian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Putian, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Affiliated Putian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Putian, China
| | - Kaizu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Affiliated Putian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Putian, China
| | - Liming Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Affiliated Putian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Putian, China
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Zhao X, Wang H, Yang Y, Gou Y, Wang Z, Yang D, Li C. Protective Effects of Silymarin Against D-Gal/LPS-Induced Organ Damage and Inflammation in Mice. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:1903-1914. [PMID: 33976540 PMCID: PMC8106468 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s305033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Silymarin contains various flavonoids and exhibits antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects, in addition to other pharmacological properties. This study explored the alleviating effect of silymarin on multiple-organ damage induced by D-galactose/lipopolysaccharide in Kunming mice. METHODS Kunming mice were injected intraperitoneally with D-galactose (30 mg/kg·BW)/LPS (3 μg/kg·BW) and then treated using silymarin with different doses (75 mg/kg·bw and 150 mg/kg·bw) via intragastric administration. Changes in organ indexes, pathological changes, liver-function index, biochemical indexes, molecular biological indexes, and genes related to the oxidation and inflammation of main organs were evaluated. RESULTS After the mice were treated with silymarin, their body weight showed no significant change, and the liver, kidney, and lung indexes of the treated mice were higher than those of the model group; meanwhile, the corresponding histopathological formation was reduced. Compared with the model group, the silymarin-treated group showed reductions in ALT, AST, and liver function indexes in the mouse serum. Silymarin treatment also increased the SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH-Px, T-AOC, IL-10, and IL-12 levels, as well as reduced the MDA, NO, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ levels in the mouse serum and liver tissues. In addition, quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the mRNA expression levels of SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSH-Px, IL-10, Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, Trx, and IκB-α were higher in the liver tissue of the silymarin-treated mice than in those of the model group; meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, NF-κB, NLRP3, COX2, and p38 were lower than those in the model group. CONCLUSION Silymarin, which exhibits antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, can alleviate the liver, lung, and kidney damage induced by D-galactose/lipopolysaccharide. High-dose (150 mg/kg·bw) silymarin can more effectively inhibit organ damage, compared with low-dose silymarin (75 mg/kg·bw) in Kunming mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Yang
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Gou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingyi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400044, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chong Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, 400067, People’s Republic of China
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Syed AM, Ram C, Murty US, Sahu BD. A review on herbal Nrf2 activators with preclinical evidence in cardiovascular diseases. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5068-5102. [PMID: 33894007 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an ever-growing problem and are the most common cause of death worldwide. The uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of ROS associated with various cell signaling pathways with oxidative cellular damage are the most common pathological conditions connected with CVDs including endothelial dysfunction, hypercontractility of vascular smooth muscle, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a basic leucine zipper redox transcription factor, together with its negative regulator, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which serves as a key regulator of cellular defense mechanisms to combat oxidative stress and associated diseases. Multiple lines of evidence described here support the cardiac protective property of Nrf2 in various experimental models of cardiac related disease conditions. In this review, we emphasized the molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 and described the detailed outline of current findings on the therapeutic possibilities of the Nrf2 activators specifically from herbal origin in various CVDs. Based on evidence from various preclinical experimental models, we have highlighted the activation of Nrf2 pathway as a budding therapeutic option for the prevention and treatment of CVDs, which needs further investigation and validation in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Mohammad Syed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Chetan Ram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Süntar I, Çetinkaya S, Panieri E, Saha S, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. Regulatory Role of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Wound Healing Process. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092424. [PMID: 33919399 PMCID: PMC8122529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing involves a series of cellular events in damaged cells and tissues initiated with hemostasis and finally culminating with the formation of a fibrin clot. However, delay in the normal wound healing process during pathological conditions due to reactive oxygen species, inflammation and immune suppression at the wound site represents a medical challenge. So far, many therapeutic strategies have been developed to improve cellular homeostasis and chronic wounds in order to accelerate wound repair. In this context, the role of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) during the wound healing process has been a stimulating research topic for therapeutic perspectives. Nrf2 is the main regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis. It increases cytoprotective gene expression and the antioxidant capacity of mammalian cells. It has been reported that some bioactive compounds attenuate cellular stress and thus accelerate cell proliferation, neovascularization and repair of damaged tissues by promoting Nrf2 activation. This review highlights the importance of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in wound healing strategies and the role of bioactive compounds that support wound repair through the modulation of this crucial transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Süntar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara 06330, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-31-2202-3176
| | - Sümeyra Çetinkaya
- Biotechnology Research Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Yenimahalle, Ankara 06330, Turkey;
| | - Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (B.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (L.S.)
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Abed S, Turner R, Serniuck N, Tat V, Naiel S, Hayat A, Mekhael O, Vierhout M, Ask K, Rullo AF. Cell-specific drug targeting in the lung. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 190:114577. [PMID: 33887259 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-targeted drug delivery systems have several limitations including the decreased bioavailability of the drug, poor stability and rapid clearance in addition to off-target distribution. Cell-specific targeted delivery approaches promise to overcome some of these limitations and enhance therapeutic selectivity. In this review, we aim to discuss cell-specific targeted approachesin the lung at the biochemical and molecular levels. These approaches include;a) directly administered small molecule drugs with intracellular action; b) targeted biologics and synthetic hybrids with extracellular action; c) site activateddrugs; and d) delivery systems.We discuss the pharmaceutical and biochemical parameters that govern the fate of drug molecules at delivery sites while presenting an overview of relevant literature surrounding this area of research and current advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumeya Abed
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rebecca Turner
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nickolas Serniuck
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Tat
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Safaa Naiel
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Hayat
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Olivia Mekhael
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Megan Vierhout
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kjetil Ask
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Anthony F Rullo
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Huang J, Li R, Yang J, Cai M, Lee Y, Wang A, Cheng B, Wang Y. Bioadaptation of implants to In vitro and In vivo oxidative stress pathological conditions via nanotopography-induced FoxO1 signaling pathways to enhance Osteoimmunal regeneration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3164-3176. [PMID: 33778196 PMCID: PMC7970012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Varieties of pathological conditions, including diabetes, are closely related to oxidative stress (OS), but the osseointegration or bioadaptation of implants to OS and the related mechanism remain poorly explored. In this study, the antioxidation and osteoimmune regeneration of titanium implants with micro/nanotopographies were evaluated under H2O2-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and hyperglycemia-mediated cellular OS models and in diabetic rats as a representative animal model of OS. TiO2 nanotube (TNT) coating on titanium implants directly induced superior osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osseointegration compared with microscale sand blasted-acid etched topography (SLA) under OS, attributed to higher superoxide dismutase 2 activity, the neutralization of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and less apoptosis. Mechanistically, the oxidation resistance on TNT is driven by upregulated forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FoxO1), which is abolished after knockdown of FoxO1 via shRNA in MSCs. Indirectly, TNT also alleviates OS in macrophages, therefore inducing a higher portion of the M2 phenotype under OS with increased secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, further promoting the osseoimmunity capacity compared with SLA. The current study not only suggests the potential application of TiO2 nanotube-coated titanium implants in compromised conditions but also provides a systematic evaluation strategy for the future development of bone biomaterials. H2O2, lipopolysaccharide and hyperglycemia induced cellular oxidative stress models. TiO2 nanotubes promote oxidation resistance and osteogenesis under oxidative stress. TiO2 nanotubes activate forkhead box transcription factor O1 to enhance osteogenesis. TiO2-nanotube-coated implants promote osseointegration in diabetic rats. TiO2 nanotubes induce anti-inflammatory osteoimmunity under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Ruoqi Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Jinghong Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Min Cai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Yichen Lee
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Anxun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, China
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Bousquet J, Anto JM, Czarlewski W, Haahtela T, Fonseca SC, Iaccarino G, Blain H, Vidal A, Sheikh A, Akdis CA, Zuberbier T, Hamzah Abdul Latiff A, Abdullah B, Aberer W, Abusada N, Adcock I, Afani A, Agache I, Aggelidis X, Agustin J, Akdis M, Al‐Ahmad M, Al‐Zahab Bassam A, Alburdan H, Aldrey‐Palacios O, Alvarez Cuesta E, Alwan Salman H, Alzaabi A, Amade S, Ambrocio G, Angles R, Annesi‐Maesano I, Ansotegui IJ, Anto J, Ara Bardajo P, Arasi S, Arshad H, Cristina Artesani M, Asayag E, Avolio F, Azhari K, Bachert C, Bagnasco D, Baiardini I, Bajrović N, Bakakos P, Bakeyala Mongono S, Balotro‐Torres C, Barba S, Barbara C, Barbosa E, Barreto B, Bartra J, Bateman ED, Battur L, Bedbrook A, Bedolla Barajas M, Beghé B, Bekere A, Bel E, Ben Kheder A, Benson M, Berghea EC, Bergmann K, Bernardini R, Bernstein D, Bewick M, Bialek S, Białoszewski A, Bieber T, Billo NE, Bilo MB, Bindslev‐Jensen C, Bjermer L, Bobolea I, Bochenska Marciniak M, Bond C, Boner A, Bonini M, Bonini S, Bosnic‐Anticevich S, Bosse I, Botskariova S, Bouchard J, Boulet L, Bourret R, Bousquet P, Braido F, Briggs A, Brightling CE, Brozek J, Brussino L, Buhl R, Bumbacea R, Buquicchio R, Burguete Cabañas M, Bush A, Busse WW, Buters J, Caballero‐Fonseca F, Calderon MA, Calvo M, Camargos P, Camuzat T, Canevari F, Cano A, Canonica GW, Capriles‐Hulett A, Caraballo L, Cardona V, Carlsen K, Carmon Pirez J, Caro J, Carr W, Carreiro‐Martins P, Carreon‐Asuncion F, Carriazo A, Casale T, Castor M, Castro E, Caviglia A, Cecchi L, Cepeda Sarabia A, Chandrasekharan R, Chang Y, Chato‐Andeza V, Chatzi L, Chatzidaki C, Chavannes NH, Chaves Loureiro C, Chelninska M, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chinthrajah S, Chivato T, Chkhartishvili E, Christoff G, Chrystyn H, Chu DK, Chua A, Chuchalin A, Chung KF, Cicerán A, Cingi C, Ciprandi G, Cirule I, Coelho AC, Compalati E, Constantinidis J, Correia de Sousa J, Costa EM, Costa D, Costa Domínguez MDC, Coste A, Cottini M, Cox L, Crisci C, Crivellaro MA, Cruz AA, Cullen J, Custovic A, Cvetkovski B, Czarlewski W, D'Amato G, Silva J, Dahl R, Dahlen S, Daniilidis V, DarjaziniNahhas L, Darsow U, Davies J, Blay F, De Feo G, De Guia E, los Santos C, De Manuel Keenoy E, De Vries G, Deleanu D, Demoly P, Denburg J, Devillier P, Didier A, Dimic Janjic S, Dimou M, Dinh‐Xuan AT, Djukanovic R, Do Ceu Texeira M, Dokic D, Dominguez Silva MG, Douagui H, Douladiris N, Doulaptsi M, Dray G, Dubakiene R, Dupas E, Durham S, Duse M, Dykewicz M, Ebo D, Edelbaher N, Eiwegger T, Eklund P, El‐Gamal Y, El‐Sayed ZA, El‐Sayed SS, El‐Seify M, Emuzyte R, Enecilla L, Erhola M, Espinoza H, Espinoza Contreras JG, Farrell J, Fernandez L, Fink Wagner A, Fiocchi A, Fokkens WJ, Lenia F, Fonseca JA, Fontaine J, Forastiere F, Fuentes Pèrez JM, Gaerlan–Resureccion E, Gaga M, Gálvez Romero JL, Gamkrelidze A, Garcia A, García Cobas CY, García Cruz MDLLH, Gayraud J, Gelardi M, Gemicioglu B, Gennimata D, Genova S, Gereda J, Gerth van Wijk R, Giuliano A, Gomez M, González Diaz S, Gotua M, Grigoreas C, Grisle I, Gualteiro L, Guidacci M, Guldemond N, Gutter Z, Guzmán A, Halloum R, Halpin D, Hamelmann E, Hammadi S, Harvey R, Heffler E, Heinrich J, Hejjaoui A, Hellquist‐Dahl B, Hernández Velázquez L, Hew M, Hossny E, Howarth P, Hrubiško M, Huerta Villalobos YR, Humbert M, Salina H, Hyland M, Ibrahim M, Ilina N, Illario M, Incorvaia C, Infantino A, Irani C, Ispayeva Z, Ivancevich J, E.J. Jares E, Jarvis D, Jassem E, Jenko K, Jiméneracruz Uscanga RD, Johnston SL, Joos G, Jošt M, Julge K, Jung K, Just J, Jutel M, Kaidashev I, Kalayci O, Kalyoncu F, Kapsali J, Kardas P, Karjalainen J, Kasala CA, Katotomichelakis M, Kavaliukaite L, Kazi BS, Keil T, Keith P, Khaitov M, Khaltaev N, Kim Y, Kirenga B, Kleine‐Tebbe J, Klimek L, Koffi N’Goran B, Kompoti E, Kopač P, Koppelman G, KorenJeverica A, Koskinen S, Košnik M, Kostov KV, Kowalski ML, Kralimarkova T, Kramer Vrščaj K, Kraxner H, Kreft S, Kritikos V, Kudlay D, Kuitunen M, Kull I, Kuna P, Kupczyk M, Kvedariene V, Kyriakakou M, Lalek N, Landi M, Lane S, Larenas‐Linnemann D, Lau S, Laune D, Lavrut J, Le L, Lenzenhuber M, Lessa M, Levin M, Li J, Lieberman P, Liotta G, Lipworth B, Liu X, Lobo R, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Lombardi C, Louis R, Loukidis S, Lourenço O, Luna Pech JA, Madjar B, Maggi E, Magnan A, Mahboub B, Mair A, Mais Y, Maitland van der Zee A, Makela M, Makris M, Malling H, Mandajieva M, Manning P, Manousakis M, Maragoudakis P, Marseglia G, Marshall G, Reza Masjedi M, Máspero JF, Matta Campos JJ, Maurer M, Mavale‐Manuel S, Meço C, Melén E, Melioli G, Melo‐Gomes E, Meltzer EO, Menditto E, Menzies‐Gow A, Merk H, Michel J, Micheli Y, Miculinic N, Midão L, Mihaltan F, Mikos N, Milanese M, Milenkovic B, Mitsias D, Moalla B, Moda G, Mogica Martínez MD, Mohammad Y, Moin M, Molimard M, Momas I, Mommers M, Monaco A, Montefort S, Mora D, Morais‐Almeida M, Mösges R, Mostafa B, Mullol J, Münter L, Muraro A, Murray R, Musarra A, Mustakov T, Naclerio R, Nadeau KC, Nadif R, Nakonechna A, Namazova‐Baranova L, Navarro‐Locsin G, Neffen H, Nekam K, Neou A, Nettis E, Neuberger D, Nicod L, Nicola S, Niederberger‐Leppin V, Niedoszytko M, Nieto A, Novellino E, Nunes E, Nyembue D, O’Hehir R, Odjakova C, Ohta K, Okamoto Y, Okubo K, Oliver B, Onorato GL, Pia Orru M, Ouédraogo S, Ouoba K, Paggiaro PL, Pagkalos A, Pajno G, Pala G, Palaniappan S, Pali‐Schöll I, Palkonen S, Palmer S, Panaitescu Bunu C, Panzner P, Papadopoulos NG, Papanikolaou V, Papi A, Paralchev B, Paraskevopoulos G, Park H, Passalacqua G, Patella V, Pavord I, Pawankar R, Pedersen S, Peleve S, Pellegino S, Pereira A, Pérez T, Perna A, Peroni D, Pfaar O, Pham‐Thi N, Pigearias B, Pin I, Piskou K, Pitsios C, Plavec D, Poethig D, Pohl W, Poplas Susic A, Popov TA, Portejoie F, Potter P, Poulsen L, Prados‐Torres A, Prarros F, Price D, Prokopakis E, Puggioni F, Puig‐Domenech E, Puy R, Rabe K, Raciborski F, Ramos J, Recto MT, Reda SM, Regateiro FS, Reider N, Reitsma S, Repka‐Ramirez S, Ridolo E, Rimmer J, Rivero Yeverino D, Angelo Rizzo J, Robalo‐Cordeiro C, Roberts G, Roche N, Rodríguez González M, Rodríguez Zagal E, Rolla G, Rolland C, Roller‐Wirnsberger R, Roman Rodriguez M, Romano A, Romantowski J, Rombaux P, Romualdez J, Rosado‐Pinto J, Rosario N, Rosenwasser L, Rossi O, Rottem M, Rouadi P, Rovina N, Rozman Sinur I, Ruiz M, Ruiz Segura LT, Ryan D, Sagara H, Sakai D, Sakurai D, Saleh W, Salimaki J, Samitas K, Samolinski B, Sánchez Coronel MG, Sanchez‐Borges M, Sanchez‐Lopez J, Sarafoleanu C, Sarquis Serpa F, Sastre‐Dominguez J, Savi E, Sawaf B, Scadding GK, Scheire S, Schmid‐Grendelmeier P, Schuhl JF, Schunemann H, Schvalbová M, Schwarze J, Scichilone N, Senna G, Sepúlveda C, Serrano E, Shields M, Shishkov V, Siafakas N, Simeonov A, FER Simons E, Carlos Sisul J, Sitkauskiene B, Skrindo I, SokličKošak T, Solé D, Sooronbaev T, Soto‐Martinez M, Soto‐Quiros M, Sousa Pinto B, Sova M, Soyka M, Specjalski K, Spranger O, Stamataki S, Stefanaki L, Stellato C, Stelmach R, Strandberg T, Stute P, Subramaniam A, Suppli Ulrik C, Sutherland M, Sylvestre S, Syrigou A, Taborda Barata L, Takovska N, Tan R, Tan F, Tan V, Ping Tang I, Taniguchi M, Tannert L, Tantilipikorn P, Tattersall J, Tesi F, Thijs C, Thomas M, To T, Todo‐Bom A, Togias A, Tomazic P, Tomic‐Spiric V, Toppila‐Salmi S, Toskala E, Triggiani M, Triller N, Triller K, Tsiligianni I, Uberti M, Ulmeanu R, Urbancic J, Urrutia Pereira M, Vachova M, Valdés F, Valenta R, Valentin Rostan M, Valero A, Valiulis A, Vallianatou M, Valovirta E, Van Eerd M, Van Ganse E, Hage M, Vandenplas O, Vasankari T, Vassileva D, Velasco Munoz C, Ventura MT, Vera‐Munoz C, Vicheva D, Vichyanond P, Vidgren P, Viegi G, Vogelmeier C, Von Hertzen L, Vontetsianos T, Vourdas D, Tran Thien Quan V, Wagenmann M, Walker S, Wallace D, Wang DY, Waserman S, Wickman M, Williams S, Williams D, Wilson N, Wong G, Woo K, Wright J, Wroczynski P, Xepapadaki P, Yakovliev P, Yamaguchi M, Yan K, Yeow Yap Y, Yawn B, Yiallouros P, Yorgancioglu A, Yoshihara S, Young I, Yusuf OB, Zaidi A, Zaitoun F, Zar H, Zedda M, Zernotti ME, Zhang L, Zhong N, Zidarn M, Zubrinich C. Cabbage and fermented vegetables: From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19. Allergy 2021; 76:735-750. [PMID: 32762135 PMCID: PMC7436771 DOI: 10.1111/all.14549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Large differences in COVID‐19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS‐CoV‐2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS‐CoV‐2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID‐19. The nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT1R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof‐of‐concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2‐associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID‐19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bousquet
- Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Berlin Institute of HealthComprehensive Allergy Center Berlin Germany
- MACVIA‐France and CHU Montpellier France
| | - Josep M. Anto
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) ISGlobAL Barcelona Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute) Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Susana C. Fonseca
- Faculty of Sciences GreenUPorto ‐ Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre DGAOTUniversity of Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Federico II University Napoli Italy
| | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics Montpellier University hospital and MUSE Montpellier France
| | - Alain Vidal
- World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Geneva Switzerland
- AgroParisTech ‐ Paris Institute of Technology for Life, Food and Environmental Sciences Paris France
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Usher Institute University of Edinburgh Scotland, UK
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Berlin Institute of HealthComprehensive Allergy Center Berlin Germany
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Ndlovu S, Nagiah S, Abdul NS, Ghazi T, Chuturgoon AA. Deoxynivalenol downregulates NRF2-induced cytoprotective response in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Toxicon 2021; 193:4-12. [PMID: 33515572 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) commonly infects agricultural foods; it exhibits toxicity by inducing oxidative stress and inhibiting protein synthesis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) regulates the cellular antioxidant response. We investigated the cytotoxicity of DON and its effect on the NRF2 antioxidant response in HepG2 cells. The Methyl Thiazol Tetrazolium (MTT), glutathione (GSH) and ATP assays evaluated toxicity, whilst lipid peroxidation and membrane damage were assessed using the Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Protein expression of NRF2, phosphorylated (p-ser40) NRF2, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) were quantified by Western Blotting. Gene expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), CAT and SOD2 was determined using qPCR. DON decreased cell viability, GSH concentrations and ATP levels and increased lipid peroxidation and membrane damage. DON significantly decreased total NRF2 and increased p-NRF2 and downregulated the transcription and translation of NRF2 target antioxidant enzymes. Further, expression of the mitochondrial stress response protein, Sirt3 was significantly decreased. In conclusion, DON induced oxidative stress and downregulated NRF2-induced cytoprotection by suppressing the antioxidant signalling mechanism in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiniseko Ndlovu
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Savania Nagiah
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Naeem Sheik Abdul
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Terisha Ghazi
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
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Chen Q, Lei YQ, Liu JF, Wang ZC, Cao H. Triptolide improves neurobehavioral functions, inflammation, and oxidative stress in rats under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3031-3044. [PMID: 33465048 PMCID: PMC7880355 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of triptolide (TPL) in a rat model of cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermia circulatory arrest (DHCA). Rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, sham, DHCA, and DHCA + TPL (100, 200, 300 μg/kg). Neurobehavioral functions were measured using the elevated plus-maze, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests. Levels of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indices, and brain neurotrophins were measured by ELISA. Microglial activation and cell death was measured by immunofluorescence staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. Finally, activation of the Nrf2 pathway and NF-κB were detected by western blot. The elevated plus-maze, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests all showed that TPL mitigated anxiety-like behavior, working memory, spatial learning, and memory in DHCA rats. TPL inhibited inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, as well as increased brain neurotrophin levels in DHCA rats. Moreover, TPL attenuated microglia activation and cell death in DHCA rats. Finally, TPL activated the Nrf2 pathway and inhibited NF-κB activity in DHCA rats. These results demonstrated that TPL improved neurobehavioral functions, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in DHCA rats, which may be associated with the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Zeng-Chun Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
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Abstract
In vitro culture of the embryo is a useful method to treat infertility that shows embryo potential for selecting the best one to transfer and successfully implantation. However, embryo development in vitro is affected by oxidative stresses such as reactive oxygen species that may damage embryo development. Antioxidants are molecules found in fruits, vegetables, and fish that play an important role in reducing oxidative processes. In the natural environment, there is a physiological antioxidant system that protects embryos against oxidative damage. This antioxidant system does not exist in vitro. Antioxidants act as free radical scavengers and protect cells or repair damage done by free radicals. Various studies have shown that adding antioxidants into embryo culture medium improves embryo development in vitro. This review article emphasizes different aspects of various antioxidants, including types, functions and mechanisms, on the growth improvement of different species of embryos in vitro.
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Zhang Z, Liu M, Zhou C, He P, Zhang Y, Li H, Li Q, Liu C, Qin X. Evaluation of Dietary Niacin and New-Onset Hypertension Among Chinese Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2031669. [PMID: 33404619 PMCID: PMC7788463 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.31669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The relationship of dietary niacin intake with the risk of hypertension remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the prospective association between dietary niacin intake and new-onset hypertension, and examine factors that may modify the association among Chinese adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This nationwide cohort study of 12 243 Chinese adults used dietary intake data from 7 rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary intake was measured by 3 consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls from participants in combination with a weighing inventory taken over the same 3 days at the household level. Statistical analysis was conducted from May 2020 to August 2020. EXPOSURES Dietary intake. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The study outcome was new-onset hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater and/or diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, diagnosis by physician, or current antihypertensive treatment during the follow-up. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of the study population was 41.2 (14.2) years, and 5728 (46.8%) of participants were men. The mean (SD) dietary niacin intake level was 14.8 (4.1) mg/d. A total of 4306 participants developed new-onset hypertension during a median (interquartile range) follow-up duration of 6.1 (3.6-11.3) years. When dietary niacin was assessed in quartiles, the lowest risk of new-onset hypertension was found in participants in quartile 3 (14.3 to <16.7 mg/d; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.75-0.90) compared with those in quartile 1 (<12.4 mg/d). Consistently in the threshold analysis, for every 1 mg/d increase in dietary niacin, there was a 2% decrease in new-onset hypertension (adjusted HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-1.00) in those with dietary niacin intake less than 15.6 mg/d, and a 3% increase in new-onset hypertension (adjusted HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04) in participants with dietary niacin 15.6 mg/d or greater. Based on these results, there was a J-shaped association between dietary niacin intake and new-onset hypertension in the general population of Chinese adults, with an inflection point at 15.6 mg/d and a minimal risk at 14.3 to 16.7 mg/d (quartile 3) of dietary niacin intake. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this study provide some evidence for maintaining the optimal dietary niacin intake levels for the primary prevention of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxian Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyi Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan He
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Li
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Abu-Saleh N, Yaseen H, Kinaneh S, Khamaisi M, Abassi Z. Combination of hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia induces endothelial dysfunction: Role of the endothelin and nitric oxide systems. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:1884-1895. [PMID: 33369150 PMCID: PMC7882960 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a key feature of diabetes and is a major cause of diabetic vasculopathy. Diabetic patients who also exhibit hyperlipidaemia suffer from accelerated vascular complications. While the deleterious effects of high glucose levels (HG) and hyperlipidaemia alone on ED are well established, the effects of combined hyperlipidaemia and HG have not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, the current study examines whether HG and hyperlipidaemia exert synergistic ED, and explores the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. We applied multi‐disciplinary approaches including cultured HUVECs and HMEC‐1 as well as knockout mice CByJ.129S7(B6)‐Ldlrtm1Her/J (LDLR−/−) to investigate the mechanisms underlying combined HG and hyperlipidaemia‐induced ED. Incremental doses of glucose in the presence or absence of OxLDL were added to HUVECs and HMEC‐1. After 5 days, the status of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET)‐1 systems as well as their signal transduction were assessed using Western blot, ELISA and immunoreactive staining. The effects of chronic combination of HG and hyperlipidaemia on endothelial integrity and function as well as alterations in circulatory NO and ET‐1 systems were examined in knockout mice LDLR−/− and their wild‐type. HUVEC cells exposed to HG and OxLDL displayed enhanced ET‐1 production, more than HG or OxLDL when added alone. Overproduction of ET‐1 stems from up‐regulation of endothelin converting enzyme (ECE)‐1 as observed under these conditions. In contrast, combination of HG and OxLDL dramatically decreased both total endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) by 60%, and activated eNOS (peNOS) by 80%. Moreover, NRF2 decreased by 42% and its active form (pNRF2) by 56%, as compared to baseline. Likewise, ETB levels decreased by 64% from baseline on endothelial cells. Furthermore, diabetic LDLR−/− mice displayed a higher blood pressure, plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, ET‐1 and NO2/NO3 levels, when compared with normoglycemic LDLR−/− and BALB mice. Combined hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia activates the ET system and attenuates the nitric oxide system with the Nrf2 signalling pathway. These findings suggest that perturbations in these paracrine systems may contribute to ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niroz Abu-Saleh
- Department of Physiology, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hiba Yaseen
- Department of Medicine D, Rambam Health Care Campus and Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel.,Clinical Research Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Safa Kinaneh
- Department of Physiology, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mogher Khamaisi
- Department of Medicine D, Rambam Health Care Campus and Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel.,Clinical Research Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zaid Abassi
- Department of Physiology, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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126
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Liu R, Cheng F, Zeng K, Li W, Lan J. GPR120 Agonist GW9508 Ameliorated Cellular Senescence Induced by ox-LDL. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32195-32202. [PMID: 33376857 PMCID: PMC7758881 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial senescence is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and many cardiovascular diseases. G-protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), a type of orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRs), plays a vital role in mediating anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. The biological function of GPR120 in vascular endothelial cells is largely unknown. Methods The human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with ox-LDL (100 μg/mL) in the presence or absence of GW9508 (50 μM) or AH9614 (1 μM) for 24 h. The LDH assay was used to determine cell death. The dihydroethidium (DHE) staining assay was used to measure intracellular levels of reactive oxidative species (ROS), and a senescence β-galactosidase assay kit was used to determine endothelial senescence. Gene and protein expressions were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. Results Ox-LDL treatment decreased the expression of GPR120 by more than half in HAECs. Typically, 100 μg/mL of ox-LDL- induced 35.2% LDH release, which was reduced to 16.9% by 50 μM GW9508, the agonist of GPR120. Importantly, GW9508 relieved cytotoxicity and suppressed the ox-LDL-induced increase in the activity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) (from 3.3-fold to 1.6-fold of the control group) and the generation of cellular reactive oxidative species (ROS) (from 3.8-fold to 1.6-fold of the control group). Furthermore, we found that GW9508 ameliorated ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and the expression of key senescence proteins, including p53 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1). Mechanistically, we showed that GW9508 promoted ox-LDL-induced transcriptional factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) (increase by 47.3%) translocation into the nucleus. The effect of GW9508 is dependent on its receptor GPR120, the blockage of which by its specific antagonist, AH7614, abolished the antisenescence effect of GW9508. Conclusion Collectively, this study revealed the protective effect of GPR120 activation in vascular endothelial cells, implying that GPR120 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Liu
- Department
of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Ji’nan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
- Department
of Cardiology, Dongguan Songshanhu Central
Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523326, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Department
of Cardiology, Dongguan Songshanhu Central
Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523326, China
| | - Kanghua Zeng
- Department
of Cardiology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department
of Cardiology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Jun Lan
- Department
of Cardiology, Dongguan Songshanhu Central
Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong 523326, China
- . Tel/Fax: +86-769-81368666
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127
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Bousquet J, Cristol JP, Czarlewski W, Anto JM, Martineau A, Haahtela T, Fonseca SC, Iaccarino G, Blain H, Fiocchi A, Canonica GW, Fonseca JA, Vidal A, Choi HJ, Kim HJ, Le Moing V, Reynes J, Sheikh A, Akdis CA, Zuberbier T. Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19: time for research to develop adaptation strategies. Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:58. [PMID: 33292691 PMCID: PMC7711617 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPARγ:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NFκB: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2α:Elongation initiation factor 2α). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT1R axis (AT1R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Bousquet
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany. .,University Hospital Montpellier, 273 avenue d'Occitanie, 34090, Montpellier, France. .,MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Cristol
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Hormonologie, PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Josep M Anto
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobAL, Barcelona, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Martineau
- Institute for Population Health Sciences, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susana C Fonseca
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Alessandro Fiocchi
- Division of Allergy, Department of Pediatric Medicine, The Bambino Gesu Children's Research Hospital Holy See, Rome, Italy
| | - G Walter Canonica
- Personalized Medicine Asthma and Allergy Clinic-Humanitas University & Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Joao A Fonseca
- CINTESIS, Center for Research in Health Technology and Information Systems, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto; and Medida,, Lda Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alain Vidal
- World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Maison de la Paix, Geneva, Switzerland.,AgroParisTech-Paris Institute of Technology for Life, Food and Environmental Sciences, Paris, France
| | - Hak-Jong Choi
- Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, Research and Development Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kim
- SME Service Department, Strategy and Planning Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | - Jacques Reynes
- Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU, Montpellier, France
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- The Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany
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128
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Li P, Lin B, Tang P, Ye Y, Wu Z, Gui S, Zhan Y, Yang W, Lin B. Aqueous extract of Whitmania pigra Whitman ameliorates ferric chloride-induced venous thrombosis in rats via antioxidation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 52:59-68. [PMID: 33201380 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Whitmania pigra Whitman (W. pigra) has been widely employed in decoction for the treatment of blood stasis syndrome for many years in China. The aim of the present study was to explore the anti-venous thrombosis (VT) mechanism of the aqueous extract of W. pigra (AEW) in rats. Rats were orally administered with AEW. A inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis model was established. Thrombosed IVC was weighed and histopathological analyses were performed. Blood coagulation, blood fibrinolysis, blood cell count, blood viscosity and platelet activity were evaluated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was analyzed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in thrombosed IVC and antioxidants in serum were detected. Protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in thrombosed IVC was determined. AEW significantly reduced thrombus weight. It did not affect blood coagulation, blood fibrinolysis, blood cell count, platelet activity, or whole blood viscosity. However, AEW remarkably alleviated vascular injury, reduced ROS accumulation and MDA content, enhanced the total antioxidant capacity and the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. It increased the glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio and the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1. In summary, W. pigra may prevent VT via Nrf2-mediated antioxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bingqing Lin
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ping Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuxin Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhongrui Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuhua Gui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yaxian Zhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangdong Lewwin Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510990, China
| | - Baoqin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Bardoxolone Methyl Displays Detrimental Effects on Endothelial Bioenergetics, Suppresses Endothelial ET-1 Release, and Increases Endothelial Permeability in Human Microvascular Endothelium. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4678252. [PMID: 33123312 PMCID: PMC7584962 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4678252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nrf2 is a master regulator of antioxidant cellular defence, and agents activating the Nrf2 pathway have been tested in various diseases. However, unexpected side effects of cardiovascular nature reported for bardoxolone methyl in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stage 4 chronic kidney disease (the BEACON trial) still have not been fully explained. Here, we aimed to characterize the effects of bardoxolone methyl compared with other Nrf2 activators—dimethyl fumarate and L-sulforaphane—on human microvascular endothelium. Endothelial toxicity, bioenergetics, mitochondrial membrane potential, endothelin-1 (ET-1) release, endothelial permeability, Nrf2 expression, and ROS production were assessed in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) incubated for 3 and 24 hours with 100 nM–5 μM of either bardoxolone methyl, dimethyl fumarate, or L-sulforaphane. Three-hour incubation with bardoxolone methyl (100 nM–5 μM), although not toxic to endothelial cells, significantly affected endothelial bioenergetics by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (concentrations ≥ 3 μM), decreasing spare respiratory capacity (concentrations ≥ 1 μM), and increasing proton leak (concentrations ≥ 500 nM), while dimethyl fumarate and L-sulforaphane did not exert such actions. Bardoxolone methyl at concentrations ≥ 3 μM also decreased cellular viability and induced necrosis and apoptosis in the endothelium upon 24-hour incubation. In turn, endothelin-1 decreased permeability in endothelial cells in picomolar range, while bardoxolone methyl decreased ET-1 release and increased endothelial permeability even after short-term (3 hours) incubation. In conclusion, despite that all three Nrf2 activators exerted some beneficial effects on the endothelium, as evidenced by a decrease in ROS production, bardoxolone methyl, the most potent Nrf2 activator among the tested compounds, displayed a distinct endothelial profile of activity comprising detrimental effects on mitochondria and cellular viability and suppression of endothelial ET-1 release possibly interfering with ET-1–dependent local regulation of endothelial permeability.
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130
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Zhang B, Yu D, Luo N, Yang C, Zhu Y. Four active monomers from Moutan Cortex exert inhibitory effects against oxidative stress by activating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:373-384. [PMID: 32830144 PMCID: PMC7445476 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.5.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Paeonol, quercetin, β-sitosterol, and gallic acid extracted from Moutan Cortex had been reported to possess anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. This work aimed to illustrate the potential anti-oxidative mechanism of monomers in human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells-induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to evaluate whether the hepatoprotective effect of monomers was independence or synergy in mice stimulated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Monomers protected against oxidative stress in HepG2 cells in a doseresponse manner by inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species, increasing total antioxidant capacity, catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and activating the antioxidative pathway of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/Kelchlike ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2/Keap1) signaling pathway. We found that the in vitro antioxidant capacities of paeonol and quercetin were better than those of β-sitosterol and gallic acid. Furthermore, paeonol apparently diminished the levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, augmented the contents of glutathione and SOD, promoted the expressions of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 proteins in mice stimulated by CCl4. In HepG2 cells, paeonol, quercetin, β-sitosterol, and gallic acid play a defensive role against H2O2-induced oxidative stress through activating Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, indicating that these monomers have anti-oxidative properties. Totally, paeonol and quercetin exerted anti-oxidative and hepatoprotective effects, which is independent rather than synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, P. R. China
| | - Deqing Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, P. R. China
| | - Nanxuan Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, P. R. China
| | - Yurong Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, P. R. China
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131
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Li X, Sun S, Chen D, Yuan T, Chen Y, Wang D, Fang L, Lu Y, Du G. Puerarin attenuates the endothelial-mesenchymal transition induced by oxidative stress in human coronary artery endothelial cells through PI3K/AKT pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173472. [PMID: 32860809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a process in which endothelial cells lose their specific morphology/markers and undergo a dramatic remodeling of the cytoskeleton. It has been implicated in the progression of cardiovascular diseases such as cardiac fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Recent study indicated that puerarin could inhibit EndMT against cardiac fibrosis. However, the precise role of puerarin in EndMT and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. EndMT was induced by H2O2 (150 μM) in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). HCAECs were exposed to H2O2 for six days with or without puerarin pretreated 2 h. The protein changes of EndMT markers (CD31, VE-cadherin, FSP1 and α-SMA) in HCAECs were detected. The levels of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) proteins were analyzed by Western Blot. Wound healing and transwell assay were carried out to examine cell chemotaxis. Puerarin mitigated H2O2-induced EndMT as indicated by alleviating the reduced expression of CD31 and VE-cadherin and inhibiting the upregulation of α-SMA and FSP1. Furthermore, the mechanisms study showed that puerarin activated the PI3K/AKT pathway by inhibiting reactive oxygen species and further attenuated EndMT. On the other hand, PI3K inhibitor LY294002 reversed this effect imposed by puerarin. Puerarin alleviated the migration of mesenchymal-like cells through reducing MMPs protein expression. These results implicated that puerarin exhibited cytoprotective effects against H2O2-induced EndMT in HCAECs through alleviating oxidative stress, activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and limiting cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuchan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Di Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tianyi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yucai Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Danshu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lianhua Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to evaluate recent advances in understanding the pivotal roles of Cullin-3 (CUL3) in blood pressure regulation with a focus on its actions in the kidney and blood vessels. RECENT FINDINGS Cul3-based ubiquitin ligase regulates renal electrolyte transport, vascular tone, and redox homeostasis by facilitating the normal turnover of (1) with-no-lysine kinases in the distal nephron, (2) RhoA and phosphodiesterase 5 in the vascular smooth muscle, and (3) nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 in antioxidant responses. CUL3 mutations identified in familial hyperkalemic hypertension (FHHt) yield a mutant protein lacking exon 9 (CUL3∆9) which displays dual gain and loss of function. CUL3∆9 acts in a dominant manner to impair CUL3-mediated substrate ubiquitylation and degradation. The consequent accumulation of substrates and overactivation of downstream signaling cause FHHt through increased sodium reabsorption, enhanced vasoconstriction, and decreased vasodilation. CUL3 ubiquitin ligase maintains normal cardiovascular and renal physiology through posttranslational modification of key substrates which regulate blood pressure. Interference with CUL3 disturbs these key downstream pathways. Further understanding the spatial and temporal specificity of how CUL3 functions in these pathways is necessary to identify novel therapeutic targets for hypertension.
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133
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Wang H, Zhang K, Ruan Z, Sun D, Zhang H, Lin G, Hu L, Zhao S, Fu Q. Probucol enhances the therapeutic efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats by prolonging their survival time via Nrf2 pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:302. [PMID: 32693824 PMCID: PMC7374958 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracavernous injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising method for diabetic mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED), but short survival time of MSCs in cavernous is a fatal defect for therapy. This study investigated therapeutic efficiency and potential mechanism of probucol combined with MSCs. METHODS In vivo study, a total of forty-eight 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used. Twelve rats received intraperitoneal injection of PBS as the sham group; the rest received intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin to establish DM models. DM rats were randomly divided into three groups: received intracavernosal (IC) injection of either PBS (DM group), MSCs (M group), or administrated probucol after intracavernosal injection of MSCs (P + M group). Erectile function was assessed by electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerves with real-time intracavernous pressure measurement. After euthanasia, penile tissue was investigated for histologic examination and Western blotting. In in vitro experiment, H2O2 was used to create oxidative stress environment to detect changes in cell viability. CCK8 was used to measure cell viability of MSCs treated with or without probucol. Intracellular ROS changes were detected by flow cytometry. Autophagy and apoptosis were detected by Western blotting and confocal microscopy. RESULTS Recovery of erectile function was observed in the P + M group. The combination therapy decreased fibrosis and increased endothelial function compared with MSC therapy alone. Western blotting results confirmed the increased expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in cavernous body. H2O2 induced high oxidative stress and reduced cell viability in vitro, which was gradually reversed with increased concentration of probucol. H2O2 reduced Nrf2 expression, which was reversed by probucol's intervention. Furthermore, the expression of Bax, Caspase3, and Cleaved-Caspase3 decreased, and the expression of Bcl-2 increased in a dose-dependent manner because of probucol's intervention. In addition, Beclin1 and LC3II both increased in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the expression of P62 decreased. In the study of autophagy flux, we found probucol did not block it. CONCLUSION Probucol enhanced therapeutic efficiency of MSCs in DMED by prolonging their survival time, which mediated through improving the transplanted microenvironment of MSCs, increasing self-antioxidant ability of MSCs, strengthening protective autophagy, and inhibiting apoptosis of MSCs via Nrf2 pathway. Schematic model showing combined probucol and MSCs to improve DMED. Probucol increases self-antioxidant ability of MSCs, strengthening protective autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis via Nrf2/HO-1 and Nrf2/autophagy pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road 324#, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road 324#, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road 324#, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingqi Sun
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road 324#, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road 324#, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Liangliang Hu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, 277000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengtian Zhao
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road 324#, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road 324#, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Tang C, Hu Y, Lyu H, Gao J, Jiang J, Qin X, Wu Y, Wang J, Chai X. Neuroprotective effects of 1-O-hexyl-2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone on ischaemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10468-10477. [PMID: 32677362 PMCID: PMC7521305 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
1-O-Hexyl-2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone (HTHQ), a lipophilic phenolic agent, has an antioxidant activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging property. However, the role of HTHQ on cerebral ischaemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that HTHQ treatment ameliorated cerebral I/R injury in vivo, as demonstrated by the decreased infarct volume ration, neurological deficits, oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. HTHQ treatment increased the levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream antioxidant protein, haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In addition, HTHQ treatment decreases oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis of PC12 cells following hypoxia and reperfusion (H/R) in vitro. Moreover, we provided evidence that PC12 cells were more vulnerable to H/R-induced oxidative stress after si-Nrf2 transfection, and the HTHQ-mediated protection was lost in PC12 cells transfected with siNrf2. In conclusion, these results suggested that HTHQ possesses neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress and apoptosis after cerebral I/R injury via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoliang Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yida Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Lyu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiazhen Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiude Qin
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanbo Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jiawu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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135
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Oxidative Stress and New Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Endothelial Dysfunction: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061995. [PMID: 32630452 PMCID: PMC7355625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart and pathological circulatory conditions, are the world's leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Endothelial dysfunction involved in CVD pathogenesis is a trigger, or consequence, of oxidative stress and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is defined as a diminished production/availability of nitric oxide, with or without an imbalance between endothelium-derived contracting, and relaxing factors associated with a pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic status. Endothelial dysfunction-induced phenotypic changes include up-regulated expression of adhesion molecules and increased chemokine secretion, leukocyte adherence, cell permeability, low-density lipoprotein oxidation, platelet activation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Inflammation-induced oxidative stress results in an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly derived from mitochondria. Excessive ROS production causes oxidation of macromolecules inducing cell apoptosis mediated by cytochrome-c release. Oxidation of mitochondrial cardiolipin loosens cytochrome-c binding, thus, favoring its cytosolic release and activation of the apoptotic cascade. Oxidative stress increases vascular permeability, promotes leukocyte adhesion, and induces alterations in endothelial signal transduction and redox-regulated transcription factors. Identification of new endothelial dysfunction-related oxidative stress markers represents a research goal for better prevention and therapy of CVD. New-generation therapeutic approaches based on carriers, gene therapy, cardiolipin stabilizer, and enzyme inhibitors have proved useful in clinical practice to counteract endothelial dysfunction. Experimental studies are in continuous development to discover new personalized treatments. Gene regulatory mechanisms, implicated in endothelial dysfunction, represent potential new targets for developing drugs able to prevent and counteract CVD-related endothelial dysfunction. Nevertheless, many challenges remain to overcome before these technologies and personalized therapeutic strategies can be used in CVD management.
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Cinegaglia N, Acosta-Navarro J, Rainho C, Antoniazzi L, Mattioli S, Pimentel C, Santos RD, Sandrim V. Association of Omnivorous and Vegetarian Diets With Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms in Men. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015576. [PMID: 32515251 PMCID: PMC7429062 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Evidence that a vegetarian diet rich in antioxidants contributes to cardiovascular health are growing, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. HO-1 (heme-oxygenase-1), a marker of adaptive response, is protective against oxidative stress and has shown cardioprotective effects. Therefore, we evaluated circulating HO-1 levels and the effect of plasma from omnivorous and vegetarians in endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) on modulating NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2)/HO-1 and nitric oxide production. Methods and Results From 745 participants initially recruited, 44 omnivorous and 44 vegetarian men matched by age and absence of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases were included in this study. Circulating HO-1 was measured using ELISA and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with plasma from omnivorous and vegetarians. Higher circulating HO-1 concentrations were found in omnivorous compared with vegetarians. Plasma from omnivorous and not from vegetarians induced NRF2/HO-1 and nitric oxide production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and increased reactive oxygen species production and caspase activity after incubation with stressor stimulus. Conclusions We suggest that HO-1 induction in omnivorous may indicate a pro-oxidative status since HO-1 is activated under oxidative stress a state not seen in vegetarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Cinegaglia
- Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University - IBB/UNESP Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Julio Acosta-Navarro
- Heart Institute InCor University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital São Paulo Brazil
| | - Claudia Rainho
- Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University - IBB/UNESP Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luiza Antoniazzi
- Heart Institute InCor University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sarah Mattioli
- Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University - IBB/UNESP Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Raul D Santos
- Heart Institute InCor University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital São Paulo Brazil.,Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo Brazil
| | - Valeria Sandrim
- Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University - IBB/UNESP Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
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Tang C, Yin G, Huang C, Wang H, Gao J, Luo J, Zhang Z, Wang J, Hong J, Chai X. Peroxiredoxin-1 ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110357. [PMID: 32531679 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) is a modulator of physiological and pathophysiological cardiovascular events. However, the roles of Prdx1 in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF) have barely been explored. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether Prdx1 participates in cardiac hypertrophy and to elucidate the possible associated mechanisms. METHODS Mice were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for four weeks to induce pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiomyocyte-specific Prdx1 overexpression in mice was achieved using an adeno-associated virus system. Morphological examination; echocardiography; and hemodynamic, biochemical and histological analyses were used to evaluate the roles of Prdx1 in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and HF. RESULTS First, the results showed that Prdx1 expression was noticeably upregulated in hypertrophic mouse hearts and cardiomyocytes with phenylephrine (PE)-induced hypertrophy in vitro. Prdx1 overexpression exerted protective effects against cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and ameliorated cardiac dysfunction in mice subjected to pressure overload. In addition, Prdx1 overexpression decreased pressure overload-induced cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress. Further studies demonstrated that Prdx1 overexpression increased the levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream antioxidant protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), in mice. Moreover, Nrf2 knockdown offset the antihypertrophic and anti-oxidative stress effects of Prdx1 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Prdx1 protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and HF by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. These data indicate that targeting Prdx1 may be an attractive pharmacotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoliang Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Guobing Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Jianfeng Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Zhetao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jiawu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Junmou Hong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361004, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Chai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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Akın-Balı DF, Al-Khafaji K, Aktas SH, Taskin-Tok T. Bioinformatic and computational analysis for predominant mutations of the Nrf2/Keap1 complex in pediatric leukemia. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4290-4303. [PMID: 32469262 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1775702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are tightly controlled and regulated by Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Like 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor, which is the main regulator of antioxidant responses and its suppressor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). Our previous study has identified six novel changes in Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in pediatric ALL, which were described for the first time. These changes in the pathway are likely to alter the evolutionary process of amino acids and cause structural changes in the final products of genes. In this study, we aimed to compare the pathogenicity of eight determined mutations reported in our previous study by utilizing different programs with different algorithms and molecular dynamics simulation. Since it is too difficult to handle each existing mutation in a wet laboratory, in silico methods may give suggestion to choose the important mutations for further analysis and to establish the appropriate patient population and conduct wet laboratory studies. For this purpose, four different algorithms were used to evaluate the effects of single amino acid mutation. In addition, root-mean-square deviation, root-mean-square fluctuation and free-energy landscape analyses were performed to observe stability, flexibility and energetically favorable conformations, respectively, for each amino acid mutation. As a result, our study emphasizes the importance of Keap1 mutations in pediatric ALL Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, a total of eight mutations, two of which were shown for the first time in our study. Especially the mutations in the Keap1 Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric-à-brac domain are worthy of attention.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Fatma Akın-Balı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Khattab Al-Khafaji
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Sedef Hande Aktas
- Vocational School of Health Services, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Tugba Taskin-Tok
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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139
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He P, Talukder MAH, Gao F. Oxidative Stress and Microvessel Barrier Dysfunction. Front Physiol 2020; 11:472. [PMID: 32536875 PMCID: PMC7268512 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical and experimental evidence indicate that increased vascular permeability contributes to many disease-associated vascular complications. Oxidative stress with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in a wide variety of pathological conditions, including inflammation and many cardiovascular diseases. It is thus important to identify the role of ROS and their mechanistic significance in microvessel barrier dysfunction under pathological conditions. The role of specific ROS and their cross talk in pathological processes is complex. The mechanisms of ROS-induced increases in vascular permeability remain poorly understood. The sources of ROS in diseases have been extensively reviewed at enzyme levels. This review will instead focus on the underlying mechanisms of ROS release by leukocytes, the differentiate effects and signaling mechanisms of individual ROS on endothelial cells, pericytes and microvessel barrier function, as well as the interplay of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and nitrogen species in ROS-mediated vascular barrier dysfunction. As a counter balance of excessive ROS, nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a redox-sensitive cell-protective transcription factor, will be highlighted as a potential therapeutic target for antioxidant defenses. The advantages and limitations of different experimental approaches used for the study of ROS-induced endothelial barrier function are also discussed. This article will outline the advances emerged mainly from in vivo and ex vivo studies and attempt to consolidate some of the opposing views in the field, and hence provide a better understanding of ROS-mediated microvessel barrier dysfunction and benefit the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingnian He
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - M A Hassan Talukder
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
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Akin-Bali DF, Eroglu T, Ilk S, Egin Y, Kankilic T. Evaluation of the role of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway-associated novel mutations and gene expression on antioxidant status in patients with deep vein thrombosis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:868-881. [PMID: 32742329 PMCID: PMC7388273 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thromboembolism and a clinically complex vascular disease. Oxidative stress serves a key role in the pathogenesis of numerous cardiovascular diseases, particularly in endothelial dysfunction-associated syndromes. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-like 2(Nrf2) transcription factor is the primary regulator of antioxidant responses. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are regulated by Nrf2 and its suppressor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). However, to the best of our knowledge, genetic abnormalites in the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in DVT syndrome have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway and antioxidant responses in DVT. Mutations and expression levels of genes involved in the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway were measured in 27 patients with DVT via DNA sequencing analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. The Polymorphism Phenotyping v2 program was used to identify the pathogenic mutations. Total antioxidant activity levels were determined by measuring the effect of serum samples from 27 patients with DVT on oxidation of the 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) system. A total of 23 mutations, including seven novel mutations, were detected in the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in 24 (89%) of the 27 patients with DVT. Keap1 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher compared with Nrf2 expression levels in patients with DVT (P=0.02). Analysis of molecular characteristics and gene expression levels demonstrated that Nrf2/Keap1-associated mutations and total antioxidant levels can be used as precursor markers in the diagnosis of DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Fatma Akin-Bali
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240 Nigde, Turkey
| | - Tamer Eroglu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240 Nigde, Turkey
| | - Sedef Ilk
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240 Nigde, Turkey
| | - Yonca Egin
- Department of Pediatric Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Teoman Kankilic
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Literature, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240 Nigde, Turkey
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Progerin Expression Induces Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Senescence in Human Coronary Endothelial Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051201. [PMID: 32408587 PMCID: PMC7290406 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging disorder notably characterized by precocious and deadly atherosclerosis. Almost 90% of HGPS patients carry a LMNA p.G608G splice variant that leads to the expression of a permanently farnesylated abnormal form of prelamin-A, referred to as progerin. Endothelial dysfunction is a key determinant of atherosclerosis, notably during aging. Previous studies have shown that progerin accumulates in HGPS patients’ endothelial cells but also during vascular physiological aging. However, whether progerin expression in human endothelial cells can recapitulate features of endothelial dysfunction is currently unknown. Herein, we evaluated the direct impact of exogenously expressed progerin and wild-type lamin-A on human endothelial cell function and senescence. Our data demonstrate that progerin, but not wild-type lamin-A, overexpression induces endothelial cell dysfunction, characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress together with persistent DNA damage, increased cell cycle arrest protein expression and cellular senescence. Inhibition of progerin prenylation using a pravastatin–zoledronate combination partly prevents these defects. Our data suggest a direct proatherogenic role of progerin in human endothelial cells, which could contribute to HGPS-associated early atherosclerosis and also potentially be involved in physiological endothelial aging participating to age-related cardiometabolic diseases.
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Unveiling the Role of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress on Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1954398. [PMID: 32454933 PMCID: PMC7232723 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1954398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The global population above 60 years has been growing exponentially in the last decades, which is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of age-related chronic diseases, highlighting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Aging is the main risk factor for these diseases. Such susceptibility to disease is explained, at least in part, by the increase of oxidative stress, in which it damages cellular components such as proteins, DNA, and lipids. In addition, the chronic inflammatory process in aging “inflammaging” also contributes to cell damage, creating a stressful environment which drives to the development of CVDs. Taken together, it is possible to identify the molecular connection between oxidative stress and the inflammatory process, especially by the crosstalk between the transcription factors Nrf-2 and NF-κB which are mediated by redox signalling and are involved in aging. Therapies that control this process are key targets in the prevention/combat of age-related CVDs. In this review, we show the basics of inflammation and oxidative stress, including the crosstalk between them, and the implications on age-related CVDs.
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Xue Y, Wang AZ. DJ-1 plays a neuroprotective role in SH-SY5Y cells by modulating Nrf2 signaling in response to lidocaine-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:630-639. [PMID: 32363780 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of DJ-1 on lidocaine-induced cytotoxicity in neurons and the link with Nrf2 signaling, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 1, 4, 8, and 16 mM lidocaine. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry analysis. The mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and GSH/GSSG ratio were determined with specific kits. Expression of DJ-1, Nrf2, and Nrf2 downstream signaling proteins (glutathione peroxidase [GPx], heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1], catalase [CAT], and glutathione reductase [GR]), was determined by western blot and qRT-PCR. The cell viability was dramatically decreased, while levels of apoptosis, ROS and Cys106-oxidized DJ-1 were significantly enhanced following treatment with lidocaine (concentration 4-16 mM), and increases were observed in a dose-dependent manner. After treatment with 8 mM lidocaine, DJ-1, and nuclear Nrf2, as well as antioxidative stress-related proteins, GPx, GR, HO-1, and CAT, were all significantly inhibited. Overexpression of DJ-1 suppressed lidocaine-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells and activated Nrf2 signalling at the same time, and these effects were reversed by the inhibition of Nrf2. DJ-1 could protect SH-SY5Y cells from lidocaine-induced apoptosis through inhibition of oxidative stress via Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Zhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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144
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Targeted Isolation of Antioxidant Constituents from Plantago asiatica L. and In Vitro Activity Assay. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081825. [PMID: 32316264 PMCID: PMC7221530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plantago asiatica L. is widely distributed in Eastern Asia and a commonly used drug in China, Korea, and Japan for diuretic and antiphlogistic purposes. In this experiment, the present study was performed to isolate antioxidant molecules based on the DPPH scavenging activity assay and discover the bioactive compounds which contributed to performing the function of Plantago asiatica L. Each faction was chosen for further isolation guided by DPPH scavenging activity assay. Afterwards, two potential bioactive molecules, aesculetin and apigenin, were isolated for in vitro antioxidant activity in cells. Hydrogen-peroxide-induced oxidative stress led to decreased cell viability, impaired intercellular junction, and damage to the cell membrane and DNA. Furthermore, aesculetin ameliorated decreased cell viability induced by hydrogen peroxide via upregulation of antioxidant related genes, and apigenin also protected against H2O2 mainly by improving the glutathione (GSH) antioxidant system, such as increasing the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and the ration of GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG). Above all, these findings suggest that aesculetin and apigenin may be bioactive compounds for antioxidant function in Plantago asiatica L.
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145
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Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition improves endothelial senescence by activating AMPK/SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113951. [PMID: 32251672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is elevated in numerous cardiovascular pathological processes and DPP4 inhibition is associated with reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to examine the role of DPP4 in endothelial senescence. Sprague-Dawley rats (24 months) were orally administrated saxagliptin (10 mg·kg-1·d-1), a DPP4 inhibitor, for 12 weeks in drinking water. Body weight, heart rate, blood glucose, and blood pressure were measured and vascular histological experiments were performed. In vitro studies were performed using H2O2-induced senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Both in vivo and in vitro studies confirmed the elevation of DPP4 in senescent vascular endothelium, and inhibition or knockdown of DPP4 ameliorated endothelial senescence. In addition, DPP4 inhibition or silencing reduced endothelial oxidative stress levels in aging vasculature and senescent endothelial cells. Moreover, DPP4 inhibition or knockdown normalized the expression and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of DPP4 inhibition or knockdown on endothelial cell senescence were at least partly dependent on SIRT1 and Nrf2 activation. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that DPP4 inhibition or silencing ameliorated endothelial senescence both in vivo and in vitro by regulating AMPK/SIRT1/Nrf2. DPP4 may be a new therapeutic target to combat endothelial senescence.
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146
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Zhao Y, Xu G, Li H, Chang M, Guan Y, Li Y, Wu W, Yao S. Overexpression of endogenous lipoic acid synthase attenuates pulmonary fibrosis induced by crystalline silica in mice. Toxicol Lett 2020; 323:57-66. [PMID: 32017981 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are proposed to mediate the development of silicosis. However, antioxidant therapy has not produced consistent results during the treatment of silicosis. α-Lipoic acid synthesized by lipoic acid synthase is a powerful anti-oxidant and helps protect mitochondria. Thus far, the effect of endogenous α-Lipoic acid on silicosis has not been elucidated yet. We established an experimental model of silicosis with wildtype and LiasH/H mice, a new antioxidant mouse model which has overexpressed Lias gene (∼150 %) relative to its wild type counterpart. We systemically examined main pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis, and explored α-lipoic acid effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory and pulmonary fibrosis biomarkers in silica-instillated mice. In LiasH/H mice over-expression of lipoic acid alleviated the severity of major pathological alterations in the early stage of pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica compared with wild type mice. Silica significantly increased oxidative stress in both wild type and LiasH/H mice. The antioxidant defense was strengthen including increased NRF2 and LIAS production in LiasH/H mice. Relieved oxidative stress resulted in decreased inflammatory response and secretion of chemokines. LiasH/H mice reduced chronic inflammatory response and inhibition of NF-κB activity after silica instillation. The LiasH/H mouse model overexpression of lipoic acid synthase gene retarded the development of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Strengthen antioxidant defense by increased lipoic acid synthase is a potential strategy for protection against silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Zhao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Guangcui Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Haibin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Meiyu Chang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Yi Guan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China
| | - Yuchun Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China.
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147
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Wang M, Li J, Zheng Y. The Potential Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) in Glaucoma: A Review. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921514. [PMID: 31949124 PMCID: PMC6986212 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) acts as a regulator of many biological processes and plays an essential role in preventing oxidation, inflammation, and fibrosis. In the past 20 years, there has been increasing research on the role of Nrf2 and oxidative stress in human glaucoma, including the roles of inflammation, trabecular meshwork cells, retinal ganglion cells, Tenon's capsule, antioxidants, fibrosis, and noncoding RNAs. Studies have shown that the upregulation of Nrf2 can reduce damage from oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork cells and the retinal ganglion cells, reduce fibrosis in Tenon's capsule fibroblasts, which may reduce the progression of fibrosis after surgery for glaucoma. The regulatory roles of Nrf2, microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and exogenous compounds on trabecular meshwork cells (TMCs) and retinal ganglion cells have also been studied. The use of Nrf2 agonists, including noncoding RNAs, control the expression of Nrf2 through signaling pathways that continue to be investigated to identify effective treatments to improve clinical outcome following surgery for glaucoma. This review of publications between 1999 and 2019 aims to focus on the potential mechanisms of Nrf2 in the occurrence and development of glaucoma and the prognosis following surgical treatment. Also, several factors that induce the expression of Nrf2 in trabecular meshwork cells, retinal ganglion cells, and human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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148
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Wu J, Yang CL, Sha YK, Wu Y, Liu ZY, Yuan ZH, Sun ZL. Koumine Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in IPEC-J2 Cells by Regulating Nrf2/NF- κB Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:127-142. [PMID: 31931594 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x2050007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gelsemium elegans Benth. (G. elegans), a traditional Chinese medicine, has great potential as an effective growth promoter in animals, however, the mechanism of its actin remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the protective effects of koumine extract from G. elegans against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in IPEC-J2 cells through alleviation of inflammation and oxidative stress. MTT and LDH assays revealed that koumine significantly reduced LPS cytotoxicity. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and cell monolayer permeability assays showed that koumine treatment attenuated the LPS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction with no particularly different effects in tight junction proteins such as ZO-1, claudin-1, and occludin. LPS-triggered inflammatory response was also suppressed by koumine, as evidenced by the downregulated inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, NO, iNOS, and COX-2, which was closely connected with the inhibition of NF-κB pathway for the decrease of phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB and nuclear translocation of p-p65. Amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA induced by LPS was also reduced by koumine through activation of Nrf2 pathway, and increased in the levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 degradation of keap-1 to promote anti-oxidants, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). To summarize, koumine-reduced the oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction triggered by LPS through regulation of the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway and preventing intestinal barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation for Utilization of Botanical Function Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Lin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation for Utilization of Botanical Function Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Kun Sha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation for Utilization of Botanical Function Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation for Utilization of Botanical Function Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Ying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation for Utilization of Botanical Function Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation for Utilization of Botanical Function Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Liang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Collaborative Innovation for Utilization of Botanical Function Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, P. R. China
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149
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Kura B, Szeiffova Bacova B, Kalocayova B, Sykora M, Slezak J. Oxidative Stress-Responsive MicroRNAs in Heart Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E358. [PMID: 31948131 PMCID: PMC6981696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important molecules in the living organisms as a part of many signaling pathways. However, if overproduced, they also play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, ischemia/reperfusion injury (e.g., myocardial infarction and heart transplantation), and heart failure. As a result of oxidative stress action, apoptosis, hypertrophy, and fibrosis may occur. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent important endogenous nucleotides that regulate many biological processes, including those involved in heart damage caused by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can alter the expression level of many miRNAs. These changes in miRNA expression occur mainly via modulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), sirtuins, calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT), or nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. Up until now, several circulating miRNAs have been reported to be potential biomarkers of ROS-related cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion, and heart failure, such as miRNA-499, miRNA-199, miRNA-21, miRNA-144, miRNA-208a, miRNA-34a, etc. On the other hand, a lot of studies are aimed at using miRNAs for therapeutic purposes. This review points to the need for studying the role of redox-sensitive miRNAs, to identify more effective biomarkers and develop better therapeutic targets for oxidative-stress-related heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Barbara Szeiffova Bacova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Barbora Kalocayova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Matus Sykora
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Slezak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (B.K.); (B.S.B.); (B.K.); (M.S.)
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150
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Gabryel B, Bontor K, Jarząbek K, Plato M, Pudełko A, Machnik G, Urbanek T. Sulodexide up-regulates glutathione S-transferase P1 by enhancing Nrf2 expression and translocation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells injured by oxygen glucose deprivation. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:957-963. [PMID: 32542099 PMCID: PMC7286338 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.82818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sulodexide (SDX) is used for the treatment of many vascular disorders due to its anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of its endothelioprotective action is still not completely understood. There is increasing evidence suggesting that antioxidant enzymes play an important role in anti-ischemic properties of SDX. We postulate that up-regulation of glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) mediated by the transcription factor Nrf2 could be associated with the antioxidant effect of SDX on vascular endothelial cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, we investigated whether SDX affects GSTP1 and Nrf2 in oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cells treated with/without SDX (0.5 LRU/ml) were subjected to OGD for 1-6 h. To study the influence of SDX on the Nrf2 nucleus accumulation, the cells were incubated with 0.5 LRU/ml SDX in OGD for 1 h. RESULTS We found that after short-term OGD (1-3 h), the drug increased the expression of both GSTP1 and Nrf2 mRNA/protein in HUVECs (p < 0.05), as determined by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SDX treatment also enhanced the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 in HUVECs after 1 h of OGD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS SDX induces a rapid onset of the antioxidant response by up-regulating the expression of GSTP1 and Nrf2 in endothelial cells subjected to in vitro simulated ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Gabryel
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Corresponding author: Bożena Gabryel PhD, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 18 Medyków St, 40-752 Katowice, Poland, Phone: +48 32 208 85 25, E-mail:
| | - Klaudia Bontor
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Jarząbek
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Plato
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Pudełko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Machnik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Urbanek
- Department of General Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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