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Wang S, Qian Z, Ge X, Li C, Xue M, Liang K, Ma R, Ouyang L, Zheng L, Jing J, Cao S, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Chen Y, Ma J, Yao B. LncRNA Tug1 maintains blood-testis barrier integrity by modulating Ccl2 expression in high-fat diet mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:114. [PMID: 35103851 PMCID: PMC11073184 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sertoli cells are essential for spermatogenesis in the testicular seminiferous tubules by forming blood-testis barrier (BTB) and creating a unique microenvironment for spermatogenesis. Many lncRNAs have been reported to participate in spermatogenesis. However, the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Sertoli cells has rarely been examined. Herein, we found that a high-fat diet (HFD) decreased sperm quality, impaired BTB integrity and resulted in accumulation of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), especially palmitic acid (PA), in mouse testes. PA decreased the expression of tight junction (TJ)-related proteins, increased permeability and decreased transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in primary Sertoli cells and TM4 cells. Moreover, lncRNA Tug1 was found to be involved in PA-induced BTB disruption by RNA-seq. Tug1 depletion distinctly impaired the TJs of Sertoli cells and overexpression of Tug1 alleviated the disruption of BTB integrity induced by PA. Moreover, Ccl2 was found to be a downstream target of Tug1, and decreased TJ-related protein levels and TER and increased FITC-dextran permeability in vitro. Furthermore, the addition of Ccl2 damaged BTB integrity after overexpression of Tug1 in the presence of PA. Mechanistically, we found that Tug1 could directly bind to EZH2 and regulate H3K27me3 occupancy in the Ccl2 promoter region by RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Our study revealed an important role of Tug1 in the BTB integrity of Sertoli cells and provided a new view of the role of lncRNAs in male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhang Qian
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xie Ge
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuwei Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengqi Xue
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kuan Liang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rujun Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Ouyang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Jing
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyuan Cao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Basic Medical Laboratory, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yabing Chen
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jinzhao Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bing Yao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
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Mao J, Zhan H, Meng F, Wang G, Huang D, Liao Z, Chen M. Costunolide protects against alcohol-induced liver injury by regulating gut microbiota, oxidative stress and attenuating inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1268-1283. [PMID: 35084790 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Costunolide (cos) derived from the roots of Dolomiaea souliei (Franch.), which belongs to the Dolomiaea genus in the family Compositae, exert the anti-inebriation effect mainly by inhibiting the absorption of alcohol in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the protective effect of cos against alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) remains obscure. The present study was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of cos (silymarin was used as positive control) against ALI and its potential mechanisms. MTT was used to examine the effect of cos on the cell viability of L-02 cells. Plasma was separated from blood that used to test the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12, and LPS while serum separated from blood which used to detect the level of ALT and AST. Liver tissues were obtained for histopathological examination and western blot analysis. Fresh mice feces samples were collected for the detection of bacterial composition. Cos exhibited protective effect against alcoholic-induced liver injury by regulating gut microbiota capacities (higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria while lower in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria), adjusting oxidative stress (reduced the activities of MDA and ROS while promoted SOD, GSH and GSH-PX in L-02 cells) and attenuating inflammation (decreased the levels of ALT, AST, LPS, IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α) via LPS-TLR4-NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, which might be an active therapeutic agent for treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Honghong Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fancheng Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihua Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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103
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Tordoff MG, Ellis HT. Obesity in C57BL/6J mice fed diets differing in carbohydrate and fat but not energy content. Physiol Behav 2022; 243:113644. [PMID: 34767835 PMCID: PMC8667181 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the contributions of carbohydrate and fat to obesity we measured the body weight, body composition and food intake of adult C57BL/6J mice fed ad libitum with various combinations of two semisynthetic diets that differed in carbohydrate and fat but not in protein, micronutrient or energy content. In Experiment 1, involving male mice, body weights were similar in groups fed diets comprised of (by energy) 20% protein, 75% carbohydrate and 5% fat (C75-F5) or 20% protein, 5% carbohydrate and 75% fat (C5-F75). However, mice fed a 50:50 composite mixture of the C75-F5 and C5-F75 diets (i.e., a C40-F40 diet) became substantially more obese. Mice that could choose between the C75-F5 and C5-F75 diets ate equal amounts of each diet and gained almost as much weight as did the group fed C40-F40 diet. Mice switched every day between the C75-F5 and C5-F75 diets gained no more weight than did those fed either diet exclusively. In Experiment 2, male and female mice were fed chow or one of 8 isocaloric diets that differed parametrically in carbohydrate and fat content. Groups fed diets in the middle of the range (i.e., C35-F45 or C45-F35) weighed significantly more and were significantly fatter than were those fed diets with more extreme proportions of carbohydrate and fat (e.g., C75-F5, C5-F75), an effect that was more pronounced in males than females. In Experiment 3 and 4, male mice fed versions of the C40-F40 formulation gained more weight than did those fed the C75-F5 or C5-F75 formulations irrespective of whether the carbohydrate was predominantly sucrose or predominantly starch, or whether the fat was vegetable shortening, corn oil, palm oil or canola oil; the type of carbohydrate or fat had little or no impact on body weight. In all four experiments, energy intakes differed among the diet groups but could not account for the differences in body weight. These results demonstrate that the proportion of carbohydrate and fat in the diet influences body weight independently of energy content, and that the type of carbohydrate or fat has little impact on body weight. Consuming carbohydrate and fat simultaneously or in close temporal proximity exacerbates obesity.
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Yang ZY, Wu YY, Zhou Y, Yang YQ, Zhang JH, He T, Liu S. N-linoleyltyrosine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice via cannabinoid receptor regulation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:938527. [PMID: 36111301 PMCID: PMC9468927 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.938527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES N-linoleyltyrosine (NITyr) showed mild effects in preclinical studies. The research discussed the effect of NITyr on a high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese (DIO) mice, and preliminarily explored its mechanism. METHODS The DIO mice were established by feeding an HFD for 12 weeks and subsequently administrated orally with NITyr (30, 60 and 100 mg/kg) for four weeks. The indexes of serum and liver samples were determined by ELISA kit. The pathological status of adipose and liver were detected by HE staining. The factors related to energy and lipid metabolism were measured via western blot. RESULTS NITyr at 60 and 100 mg/kg/day suppressed the weight gain without affecting water and food intake. Accordingly, NITyr reduced adipose weight and the area of individual adipocytes and increased the number of adipocytes. Moreover, NITyr didn't affect the appetite-related indexes such as ghrelin, peptide YY and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Besides, NITyr didn't affect other organ coefficients except for the liver. Correspondingly, NITyr reduced alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, yet didn't influence IL-1β and TNF-α levels, and the liver injury. The levels of triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, insulin, adiponectin and leptin in serum were assessed to evaluate the effect of NITyr on glucose and lipid metabolism. NITyr decreased the levels of TG, TC and glucose, and didn't affect insulin, adiponectin and leptin levels. Meanwhile, NITyr up-regulated p-AMPK and the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) expressions, and down-regulated PPAR, FAS and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) expressions.Overall, NITyr suppressed lipid accumulation via improving lipid and glucose metabolism involving CB1 and CB2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-ying Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Research and Development Center, Sichuan Yuanda Shuyang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-qi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Sha Liu, ; Tao He,
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Sha Liu, ; Tao He,
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105
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Dai X, He L, Hu N, Guo C, Zhou M, Zhao X, Wang C, Gong L, Ma C, Xue X, Li Y. Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata Ethanol Extract Exerts a Protective Effect Against High-Fat Diet Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Remodeling Intestinal Microbial Structure and Maintaining Metabolic Homeostasis of Bile Acids. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:734670. [PMID: 34867343 PMCID: PMC8634718 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.734670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine for lipid metabolism, Polygoni Multiflori Radix Preparata (ZhiHeShouWu, RPMP) was widely used. In recent years, RPMP ethanol extract has been reported for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of RPMP ethanol extract in the treatment of NAFLD has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we examined the optimal therapeutic dose of RPMP ethanol extracts. Afterward, a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) was treated with RPMP ethanol extract to further evaluate the mechanism of action of RPMP ethanol extract treatment. And the serum lipid metabolism indexes and liver function indexes showed that the RPMP ethanol extract in the 1.35 g/kg dose group exhibited better therapeutic effects than the 2.70 g/kg dose group. Meanwhile, RPMP ethanol extract can regulate the biochemical indicators of serum and liver to normal levels, and effectively reduce liver steatosis and lipid deposition. RPMP ethanol extract treatment restored HFD-induced disruption of the compositional structure of the intestinal microbial (IM) and bile acids (BAs) pools. And restore the reduced expression of intestinal barrier-related genes caused by HFD administration, which also effectively regulates the expression of genes related to the metabolism of BAs in mice. Thus, RPMP ethanol extract can effectively improve the abnormal lipid metabolism and hepatic lipid accumulation caused by HFD, which may be related to the regulation of IM composition, maintenance of intestinal barrier function, and normal cholesterol metabolism in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Linfeng He
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Naihua Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaocheng Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingtao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ebert T, Heinz DE, Almeida-Corrêa S, Cruz R, Dethloff F, Stark T, Bajaj T, Maurel OM, Ribeiro FM, Calcagnini S, Hafner K, Gassen NC, Turck CW, Boulat B, Czisch M, Wotjak CT. Myo-Inositol Levels in the Dorsal Hippocampus Serve as Glial Prognostic Marker of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:731603. [PMID: 34867270 PMCID: PMC8633395 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.731603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a devastating age-related disorder. Its therapy would largely benefit from the identification of susceptible subjects at early, prodromal stages of the disease. To search for such prognostic markers of cognitive impairment, we studied spatial navigation in male BALBc vs. B6N mice in combination with in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). BALBc mice consistently showed higher escape latencies than B6N mice, both in the Water Cross Maze (WCM) and the Morris water maze (MWM). These performance deficits coincided with higher levels of myo-inositol (mIns) in the dorsal hippocampus before and after training. Subsequent biochemical analyses of hippocampal specimens by capillary immunodetection and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based (LC/MS) metabolomics revealed a higher abundance of glial markers (IBA-1, S100B, and GFAP) as well as distinct alterations in metabolites including a decrease in vitamins (pantothenic acid and nicotinamide), neurotransmitters (acetylcholine), their metabolites (glutamine), and acetyl-L-carnitine. Supplementation of low abundant acetyl-L-carnitine via the drinking water, however, failed to revert the behavioral deficits shown by BALBc mice. Based on our data we suggest (i) BALBc mice as an animal model and (ii) hippocampal mIns levels as a prognostic marker of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), due to (iii) local changes in microglia and astrocyte activity, which may (iv) result in decreased concentrations of promnesic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Ebert
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel E. Heinz
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Renata Cruz
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Frederik Dethloff
- Proteomics and Biomarkers, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Tibor Stark
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Scientific Core Unit “Neuroimaging”, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oriana M. Maurel
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabiola M. Ribeiro
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Silvio Calcagnini
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Nils C. Gassen
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph W. Turck
- Proteomics and Biomarkers, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Benoit Boulat
- Scientific Core Unit “Neuroimaging”, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Czisch
- Scientific Core Unit “Neuroimaging”, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten T. Wotjak
- Research Group Neuronal Plasticity, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Central Nervous System Diseases Research (CNSDR), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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107
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Sauvé MF, Feldman F, Koudoufio M, Ould-Chikh NEH, Ahmarani L, Sane A, N’Timbane T, El-Jalbout R, Patey N, Spahis S, Stintzi A, Delvin E, Levy E. Glycomacropeptide for Management of Insulin Resistance and Liver Metabolic Perturbations. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1140. [PMID: 34572325 PMCID: PMC8469639 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The increasing prevalence and absence of effective global treatment for metabolic syndrome (MetS) are alarming given the potential progression to severe non-communicable disorders such as type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory role of glycomacropeptide (GMP), a powerful milk peptide, in insulin resistance and liver dysmetabolism, two central MetS conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 male mice were fed a chow (Ctrl), high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet or HFHS diet along with GMP (200 mg/kg/day) administered by gavage for 12 weeks. RESULTS GMP lowered plasma insulin levels (in response to oral glucose tolerance test) and HOMA-IR index, indicating a more elevated systemic insulin sensitivity. GMP was also able to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation in the circulation as reflected by the decline of malondialdehyde, F2 isoprostanes and lipopolysaccharide. In the liver, GMP raised the protein expression of the endogenous anti-oxidative enzyme GPx involving the NRF2 signaling pathway. Moreover, the administration of GMP reduced the gene expression of hepatic pro-inflammatory COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6 via inactivation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, GMP improved hepatic insulin sensitization given the modulation of AKT, p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK activities, thereby restoring liver homeostasis as revealed by enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation, reduced lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that GMP represents a promising dietary nutraceutical in view of its beneficial regulation of systemic insulin resistance and hepatic insulin signaling pathway, likely via its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Foisy Sauvé
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Francis Feldman
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mireille Koudoufio
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nour-El-Houda Ould-Chikh
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Lena Ahmarani
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alain Sane
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Thierry N’Timbane
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
| | - Ramy El-Jalbout
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Nathalie Patey
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Pathology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alain Stintzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (M.F.S.); (F.F.); (M.K.); (N.-E.-H.O.-C.); (L.A.); (A.S.); (T.N.); (R.E.-J.); (N.P.); (S.S.); (E.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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Chiechio S, Zammataro M, Barresi M, Amenta M, Ballistreri G, Fabroni S, Rapisarda P. A Standardized Extract Prepared from Red Orange and Lemon Wastes Blocks High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144291. [PMID: 34299566 PMCID: PMC8304280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits are a rich source of high-value bioactive compounds and their consumption has been associated with beneficial effects on human health. Red (blood) oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) are particularly rich in anthocyanins (95% of which are represented by cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-6″-malonyl-glucoside), flavanones (hesperidin, narirutin, and didymin), and hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, coumaric acid, sinapic, and ferulic acid). Lemon fruit (Citrus limon) is also rich in flavanones (eriocitrin, hesperidin, and diosmin) and other polyphenols. All of these compounds are believed to play a very important role as dietary antioxidants due to their ability to scavenge free radicals. A standardized powder extract, red orange and lemon extract (RLE), was obtained by properly mixing anthocyanins and other polyphenols recovered from red orange processing waste with eriocitrin and other flavanones recovered from lemon peel by a patented extraction process. RLE was used for in vivo assays aimed at testing a potential beneficial effect on glucose and lipid metabolism. In vivo experiments performed on male CD1 mice fed with a high-fat diet showed that an 8-week treatment with RLE was able to induce a significant reduction in glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels in the blood, with positive effects on regulation of hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism, thus suggesting a potential use of this new phytoextract for nutraceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santina Chiechio
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.B.)
- Oasi Research Institute IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Magda Zammataro
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Massimo Barresi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Margherita Amenta
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Gabriele Ballistreri
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Simona Fabroni
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Paolo Rapisarda
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (M.A.); (G.B.); (S.F.); (P.R.)
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109
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Jin H, Oh HJ, Kim J, Lee KP, Han X, Lee OH, Lee BY. Effects of Ecklonia stolonifera extract on the obesity and skeletal muscle regeneration in high-fat diet-fed mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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110
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Federico M, De la Fuente S, Palomeque J, Sheu SS. The role of mitochondria in metabolic disease: a special emphasis on heart dysfunction. J Physiol 2021; 599:3477-3493. [PMID: 33932959 PMCID: PMC8424986 DOI: 10.1113/jp279376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases (MetDs) embrace a series of pathologies characterized by abnormal body glucose usage. The known diseases included in this group are metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. All of them are chronic pathologies that present metabolic disturbances and are classified as multi-organ diseases. Cardiomyopathy has been extensively described in diabetic patients without overt macrovascular complications. The heart is severely damaged during the progression of the disease; in fact, diabetic cardiomyopathies are the main cause of death in MetDs. Insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia and increased free fatty acid metabolism promote cardiac damage through mitochondria. These organelles supply most of the energy that the heart needs to beat and to control essential cellular functions, including Ca2+ signalling modulation, reactive oxygen species production and apoptotic cell death regulation. Several aspects of common mitochondrial functions have been described as being altered in diabetic cardiomyopathies, including impaired energy metabolism, compromised mitochondrial dynamics, deficiencies in Ca2+ handling, increases in reactive oxygen species production, and a higher probability of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Therefore, the mitochondrial role in MetD-mediated heart dysfunction has been studied extensively to identify potential therapeutic targets for improving cardiac performance. Herein we review the cardiac pathology in metabolic syndrome, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus, focusing on the role of mitochondrial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilen Federico
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Cs. Medicas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Sergio De la Fuente
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
| | - Julieta Palomeque
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Cs. Medicas, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, CABA, Argentina
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
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Masnikov D, Stafeev I, Michurina S, Zubkova E, Mamontova E, Ratner E, Menshikov M, Parfyonova Y. hTERT-immortalized adipose-derived stem cell line ASC52Telo demonstrates limited potential for adipose biology research. Anal Biochem 2021; 628:114268. [PMID: 34090857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the modern world obesity and insulin resistance contribute to a high impact on the structure of mortality. Basic research and pharmacological screenings for the search of new targets and insulin sensitizers require relevant cell models of adipocytes. Today the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cell line is a widely used mouse-based model for investigation of adipocyte biology. Nonetheless, animal studies cannot be transferred directly in human research and nowadays the search for relevant and renewable cell models of human adipocyte is of undeniable importance. In the present study, we have compared pooled culture of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) with immortalized ADSC cell line ASC52Telo. Both cell types had mesenchymal stem cell phenotype verified by flow cytometry. However, the efficacy of adipogenic differentiation, stimulation of FABP4 and PPARg protein expressions, and glucose uptake stimulation by insulin were reduced for ASC52Telo-derived adipocytes in comparison with ADSC-derived adipocytes. In addition, the analysis of insulin signaling has shown impaired phosphorylation of IRS1 and AS160 in ASC52Telo-derived cells. In summary, we have shown that immortalized cell line of human ADSC ASC52Telo have mesenchymal stem cell phenotype. Nevertheless, ASC52Telo-derived adipocytes demonstrate impaired adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity that are the main properties of healthy adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Masnikov
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia; Center of Master's Programs, I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - I Stafeev
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - S Michurina
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Zubkova
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Mamontova
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Ratner
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Menshikov
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ye Parfyonova
- Department of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Centre for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Wang H, Li S, Cui Z, Qin T, Shi H, Ma J, Li L, Yu G, Jiang T, Li C. Analysis of spleen histopathology, splenocyte composition and haematological parameters in four strains of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei K173. Malar J 2021; 20:249. [PMID: 34090420 PMCID: PMC8180108 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a fatal disease that presents clinically as a continuum of symptoms and severity, which are determined by complex host-parasite interactions. Clearance of infection is believed to be accomplished by the spleen and mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS), independent of artemisinin treatment. The spleen filters infected red blood cells (RBCs) from circulation through immune-mediated recognition of the infected RBCs followed by phagocytosis. This study evaluated the tolerance of four different strains of mice to Plasmodium berghei strain K173 (P. berghei K173), and the differences in the role of the spleen in controlling P. berghei K173 infection. METHODS Using different strains of mice (C57BL/6, BALB/C, ICR, and KM mice) infected with P. berghei K173, the mechanisms leading to splenomegaly, histopathology, splenocyte activation and proliferation, and their relationship to the control of parasitaemia and host mortality were examined and evaluated. RESULTS Survival time of mice infected with P. berghei K173 varied, although the infection was uniformly lethal. Mice of the C57BL/6 strain were the most resistant, while mice of the strain ICR were the most susceptible. BALB/c and KM mice were intermediate. In the course of P. berghei K173 infection, all infected mice experienced significant splenomegaly. Parasites were observed in the red pulp at 3 days post infection (dpi) in all animals. All spleens retained late trophozoite stages as well as a fraction of earlier ring-stage parasites. The percentages of macrophages in infected C57BL/6 and KM mice were higher than uninfected mice on 8 dpi. Spleens of infected ICR and KM mice exhibited structural disorganization and remodelling. Furthermore, parasitaemia was significantly higher in KM versus C57BL/6 mice at 8 dpi. The percentages of macrophages in ICR infected mice were lower than uninfected mice, and the parasitaemia was higher than other strains. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here demonstrate the rate of splenic mechanical filtration and that splenic macrophages are the predominant roles in controlling an individual's total parasite burden. This can influence the pathogenesis of malaria. Finally, different genetic backgrounds of mice have different splenic mechanisms for controlling malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajing Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Cui
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tingting Qin
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Shi
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tingliang Jiang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Canghai Li
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 Dongzhimen Nanxiaojie, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Gao X, He J, Zhu A, Xie K, Yan K, Jiang X, Xu Y, Li Q, Xu A, Ye D, Guo J. Modelling gestational diabetes mellitus: large animals hold great promise. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:407-420. [PMID: 33245468 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) characterized by hyperglycemia during pregnancy is a risk factor for various maternal and fetal complications. The key pathophysiological mechanisms underlying its development have not been elucidated, largely due to the lack of a model that accurately simulates the major clinical and pathological features of human GDM. In this review, we discuss the refined criteria for an ideal animal model of GDM, focusing on the key clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of human GDM. We provide a comprehensive overview of different models and currently used species for GDM research. In general, insulin insufficiency consequent to pancreatic β-cell death represents the current leading strategy to mimic human GDM-like hyperglycemia in animals. Nonetheless, these models have a limited capacity to mimic the natural history of GDM, the marked alteration in circulating estrogen/ progestogen, obesity and its related metabolic complications. We discuss emerging evidence of the increased susceptibility to GDM in rodents and large animals with genetic modifications in pregnancy-related hormones. An appraisal of current GDM models suggests that a combination strategy involving dietary stress, pregnancy-related hormones, insulin resistance and metabolic disorders might enable the development of better GDM models and expedite the translation of basic research findings to GDM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junsheng He
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaixuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dewei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Lab 406, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Room 403, 4th Floor, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China.
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The Beneficial Effects of Edible Kynurenic Acid from Marine Horseshoe Crab ( Tachypleus tridentatus) on Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8874503. [PMID: 34055199 PMCID: PMC8112934 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8874503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The marine horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus) has been considered as food and traditional medicine for many years. Kynurenic acid (KA) was isolated from horseshoe crab in this study for the first time in the world. A previous study in 2018 reported that intraperitoneal administration of KA prevented high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced body weight gain. Now, we investigated the effects of intragastric gavage of KA on HFD mice and found that KA (5 mg/kg/day) inhibited both the body weight gain and the increase of average daily energy intake. KA reduced serum triglyceride and increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. KA inhibited HFD-induced the increases of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, coronary artery risk index, and atherosclerosis index. KA also suppressed HFD-induced the increase of the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (two dominant gut microbial phyla). KA partially reversed HFD-induced the changes in the composition of gut microbial genera. These overall effects of KA on HFD mice were similar to that of simvastatin (positive control). But the effects of 1.25 mg/kg/day KA on HFD-caused hyperlipidemia were similar to the effects of 5 mg/kg/day simvastatin. The pattern of relative abundance in 40 key genera of gut microbiota from KA group was closer to that from the normal group than that from the simvastatin group. In addition, our in vitro results showed the potential antioxidant activity of KA, which suggests that the improvement effects of KA on HFD mice may be partially associated with antioxidant activity of KA. Our findings demonstrate the potential role of KA as a functional food ingredient for the treatment of obesity and hyperlipidemia as well as the modulation of gut microbiota.
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Takashima M, Tanaka W, Matsuyama H, Tajiri H, Sakakibara H. Maternal Quercetin Consumption during Pregnancy May Help Regulate Total Cholesterol/HDL-Cholesterol Ratio without Effect on Cholesterol Levels in Male Progeny Consuming High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:1242. [PMID: 33918820 PMCID: PMC8069367 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin has been shown to have anti-obesity effects, but it is unknown whether these effects can be transmitted from mothers to their progeny. In this study, we investigated whether maternal quercetin consumption during pregnancy has a protective effect on high-fat diet-induced hyper lipid levels and overweight in progeny. Female mice consumed a control diet or a diet containing 1.0% quercetin during breeding. The male progeny were then divided into four groups that were (1) sacrificed at postnatal day 3; (2) born to dams fed the control diet and also fed the control diet (C-C), (3) born to dams fed the control diet and then fed a 30% high-fat diet (C-HF), or (4) born to dams fed the Q-diet and then fed the HF diet (Q-HF). Maternal consumption of quercetin did not affect body weight or blood lipid parameters in either dams or neonates at postnatal day 3. After 13 weeks, the Q-HF group exhibited greater body and liver weights, and higher blood cholesterol levels than the C-HF group. However, the total cholesterol/ high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol ratios in the Q-HF and C-C groups remained similar. In conclusion, maternal quercetin consumption does not appear to protect the next generation from high-fat diet-induced hyper cholesterol level in the blood and liver, and consequently overweight, but may help regulate the total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hiroyuki Sakakibara
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan; (M.T.); (W.T.); (H.M.); (H.T.)
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116
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Zhang X, Xia H, Wang J, Leng R, Zhou X, Gao Q, He K, Liu D, Huang B. Effect of selenium-enriched kiwifruit on body fat reduction and liver protection in hyperlipidaemic mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:2044-2057. [PMID: 33532813 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02410d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of selenium-enriched kiwifruit (Se-Kiwi) on lipid-lowering and liver protection in hyperlipidaemic mice induced by consuming a long-term high-fat diet. Selenium-enriched cultivation can significantly improve the contents of vitamins and functional elements in kiwifruits, especially vitamin C, selenium, and manganese, thus enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Se-Kiwi. Se-Kiwi can significantly improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of hyperlipidaemic mice, restore the liver morphology of mice close to normal, reduce the fat content in the liver, and inhibit the accumulation of abdominal fat cells. Meanwhile, the expression levels of inflammation-related factors (TNF-α and NF-κB) and lipid synthesis related genes (SREBP-1c and FAS) are inhibited at the gene transcription and protein expression levels, and the expression levels of energy expenditure related genes (PPAR-α and CPT1) are increased, resulting in lipid reductions and liver protection. In conclusion, our results indicate that the protective mechanism of Se-Kiwi on high-fat diet mice is associated with enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reducing the degree of the inflammatory reaction, inhibiting the fat synthesis, and accelerating body energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Haidong Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ruyue Leng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qian Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Kan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dahai Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Bei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China. and Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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Tarrah A, Dos Santos Cruz BC, Sousa Dias R, da Silva Duarte V, Pakroo S, Licursi de Oliveira L, Gouveia Peluzio MC, Corich V, Giacomini A, Oliveira de Paula S. Lactobacillus paracasei DTA81, a cholesterol-lowering strain having immunomodulatory activity, reveals gut microbiota regulation capability in BALB/c mice receiving high-fat diet. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1942-1957. [PMID: 33709536 PMCID: PMC8518695 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims In‐vitro/In‐vivo evaluation of cholesterol‐lowering probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei DTA81 and the possible connection with the gut microbiota modulation. Methods and Results In the present study, strain DTA81 has been evaluated for the possible influence on blood lipid and glucose concentrations, modulation of the immune system, gastrointestinal survivability and modulation of gut microbiota in BALB/c mice receiving a high‐fat diet. After 6 weeks of treatment, a significant reduction of total cholesterol and fasting blood sugar (FBS) among animals treated with L. paracasei DTA81 has been recorded. Comparison of colon tissue levels of different cytokines revealed a significant reduction of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐6. The comparison of gut microbiota using the 16S rRNA approach indicated that the treatment with L. paracasei DTA81 significantly increased the taxa Bacteroidetes and Coprococcus. Moreover, the genome of DTA81 was sequenced for the in‐silico assessment, and the analysis indicated the presence of cholesterol assimilation‐related genes as well as the absence of negative traits such as transmissible antibiotic resistance genes, plasmids and prophage regions. Conclusion The outcome of this study revealed the in‐vitro and in‐vivo properties of L. paracasei DTA81 and the possible mechanism between consumption of this strain, the abundance of Bacteriodetes/Coprococcus taxa, immunomodulatory activity and the subsequent reduction of cholesterol/FBS in BALB/c mice. Significance and Impact of the Study Lactobacillus paracasei DTA81 as a non‐pharmacological potential probiotic supplement can influence metabolic homeostasis in individuals, particularly those adopting high‐fat diets, and it can contribute to reduce coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tarrah
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Universitá, Italy
| | - B C Dos Santos Cruz
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - R Sousa Dias
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - V da Silva Duarte
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Universitá, Italy
| | - S Pakroo
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Universitá, Italy
| | - L Licursi de Oliveira
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M C Gouveia Peluzio
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - V Corich
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Universitá, Italy
| | - A Giacomini
- Department of Agronomy Food Natural Resources Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell'Universitá, Italy
| | - S Oliveira de Paula
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Singh S, Periasamy M, Bal NC. Strain-specific differences in muscle Ca 2+ transport and mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins between FVB/N and C57BL/6J mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 224:jeb.238634. [PMID: 33268531 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.238634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Genetically engineered mouse models have been used to determine the role of sarcolipin (SLN) in muscle. However, a few studies had difficulty in detecting SLN in FBV/N mice and questioned its relevance to muscle metabolism. It is known that genetic alteration of proteins in different inbred mice strains produces dissimilar functional outcomes. Therefore, here we compared the expression of SLN and key proteins involved in Ca2+ handling and mitochondrial metabolism between FVB/N and C57BL/6J mouse strains. Data suggest that SLN expression is less abundant in the skeletal muscles of FVB/N mice than in the C57BL/6J strain. The expression of Ca2+ transporters in the mitochondrial membranes was also lower in FVB/N than in C57BL/6J mice. Similarly, electron transport chain proteins in the mitochondria were less abundant in FVB/N mice, which may contribute to differences in energy metabolism. Future studies using different mouse strains should take these differences into account when interpreting their data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Singh
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute at Lake Nona, Orlando, FL 32827, USA .,Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024 India
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119
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Desai M, Ferrini MG, Han G, Narwani K, Ross MG. Maternal High Fat Diet Programs Male Mice Offspring Hyperphagia and Obesity: Mechanism of Increased Appetite Neurons via Altered Neurogenic Factors and Nutrient Sensor AMPK. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113326. [PMID: 33138074 PMCID: PMC7693487 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal high-fat (HF) is associated with offspring hyperphagia and obesity. We hypothesized that maternal HF alters fetal neuroprogenitor cell (NPC) and hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) development with preferential differentiation of neurons towards orexigenic (NPY/AgRP) versus anorexigenic (POMC) neurons, leading to offspring hyperphagia and obesity. Furthermore, these changes may involve hypothalamic bHLH neuroregulatory factors (Hes1, Mash1, Ngn3) and energy sensor AMPK. Female mice were fed either a control or a high fat (HF) diet prior to mating, and during pregnancy and lactation. HF male newborns were heavier at birth and exhibited decreased protein expression of hypothalamic bHLH factors, pAMPK/AMPK and POMC with increased AgRP. As adults, these changes persisted though with increased ARC pAMPK/AMPK. Importantly, the total NPY neurons were increased, which was consistent with the increased food intake and adult fat mass. Further, NPCs from HF newborn hypothalamic tissue showed similar changes with preferential NPC neuronal differentiation towards NPY. Lastly, the role of AMPK was further confirmed with in vitro treatment of Control NPCs with pharmacologic AMPK modulators. Thus, the altered ARC development of HF offspring results in excess appetite and reduced satiety leading to obesity. The underlying mechanism may involve AMPK/bHLH pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Desai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratory, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (G.H.); (K.N.); (M.G.R.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +310-974-9540
| | - Monica G. Ferrini
- Department of Health and Life Sciences, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Guang Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratory, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (G.H.); (K.N.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Kavita Narwani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratory, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (G.H.); (K.N.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Michael G. Ross
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Laboratory, The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; (G.H.); (K.N.); (M.G.R.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
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