101
|
Nazarizadeh A, Asri-Rezaie S. Comparative Study of Antidiabetic Activity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Zinc Sulfate in Diabetic Rats. AAPS PharmSciTech 2016; 17:834-43. [PMID: 26349687 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, antidiabetic activity and toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) were investigated in diabetic rats compared to zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) with particular emphasis on oxidative stress parameters. One hundred and twenty male Wistar rats were divided into two healthy and diabetic groups, randomly. Each major group was further subdivided into five subgroups and then orally supplemented with various doses of ZnO (1, 3, and 10 mg/kg) and ZnSO4 (30 mg/kg) for 56 consecutive days. ZnO showed greater antidiabetic activity compared to ZnSO4 evidenced by improved glucose disposal, insulin levels, and zinc status. The altered activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes as well as raised levels of lipid peroxidation and a marked reduction of total antioxidant capacity were observed in rats receiving ZnO. ZnO nanoparticles acted as a potent antidiabetic agent, however, severely elicited oxidative stress particularly at higher doses.
Collapse
|
102
|
Asani SC, Umrani RD, Paknikar KM. In vitro studies on the pleotropic antidiabetic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1671-87. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Our earlier study demonstrated antidiabetic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON) in diabetic rats. The present study was performed to elucidate its mechanism of antidiabetic action. Methods: Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, protein kinase B and hormone sensitive lipase phosphorylation; glucose transporter 4 translocation and glucose uptake; glucose 6 phosphatase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase and glucokinase expression; and pancreatic beta cell proliferation were evaluated after ZON treatment to cells. Result: ZON treatment resulted in PKB activation, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inactivation, increased glucose transporter 4 translocation and enhanced glucose uptake, decreased glucose 6 phosphatase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase expression, hormone sensitive lipase inactivation and pancreatic beta cell proliferation. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time, pleiotropic antidiabetic effects of ZON viz. improved insulin signaling, enhanced glucose uptake, decreased hepatic glucose output, decreased lipolysis and enhanced pancreatic beta cell mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati C Asani
- Department of Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rinku D Umrani
- Department of Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kishore M Paknikar
- Department of Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Liu J, Feng X, Wei L, Chen L, Song B, Shao L. The toxicology of ion-shedding zinc oxide nanoparticles. Crit Rev Toxicol 2016; 46:348-84. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2015.1137864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
104
|
Bala N, Saha S, Maiti M, Sarkar M, Das S, Nandi P, Basu R. Riboflavin conjugated temperature variant ZnO nanoparticles with potential medicinal application in jaundice. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15182e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant ameliorative efficiency of riboflavin conjugated ZnO nanoparticles against jaundice stress at molecular and cellular levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Bala
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
- Department of Botany
| | - S. Saha
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - M. Maiti
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - M. Sarkar
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - S. Das
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - P. Nandi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education
- Kolkata-68
- India
| | - R. Basu
- Department of Physics
- Jogamaya Devi College
- Kolkata-26
- India
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Ranasinghe P, Pigera S, Galappatthy P, Katulanda P, Constantine GR. Zinc and diabetes mellitus: understanding molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 23:44. [PMID: 26381880 PMCID: PMC4573932 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-015-0127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Studies have shown that Zinc has numerous beneficial effects in both type-1 and type-2 diabetes. We aim to evaluate the literature on the mechanisms and molecular level effects of Zinc on glycaemic control, β-cell function, pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Methods A review of published studies reporting mechanisms of action of Zinc in diabetes was undertaken in PubMed and SciVerse Scopus medical databases using the following search terms in article title, abstract or keywords; (“Zinc” or “Zn”) and (“mechanism” or “mechanism of action” or “action” or “effect” or “pathogenesis” or “pathology” or “physiology” or “metabolism”) and (“diabetes” or “prediabetes” or “sugar” or “glucose” or “insulin”). Results The literature search identified the following number of articles in the two databases; PubMed (n = 1799) and SciVerse Scopus (n = 1879). After removing duplicates the total number of articles included in the present review is 111. Our results show that Zinc plays an important role in β-cell function, insulin action, glucose homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Conclusion Numerous in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown that Zinc has beneficial effects in both type-1 and type-2 diabetes. However further randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trials conducted for an adequate duration, are required to establish therapeutic safety in humans. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40199-015-0127-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanga Ranasinghe
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Shehani Pigera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Prasad Katulanda
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Godwin R Constantine
- Diabetes Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Varinli H, Osmond-McLeod MJ, Molloy PL, Vallotton P. LipiD-QuanT: a novel method to quantify lipid accumulation in live cells. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:2206-16. [PMID: 26330056 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d059758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are the main storage organelles for triglycerides. Elucidation of lipid accumulation mechanisms and metabolism are essential to understand obesity and associated diseases. Adipogenesis has been well studied in murine 3T3-L1 and human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) preadipocyte cell lines. However, most techniques for measuring LD accumulation are either not quantitative or can be destructive to samples. Here, we describe a novel, label-free LD quantification technique (LipiD-QuanT) to monitor lipid dynamics based on automated image analysis of phase contrast microscopy images acquired during in vitro human adipogenesis. We have applied LipiD-QuanT to measure LD accumulation during differentiation of SGBS cells. We demonstrate that LipiD-QuanT is a robust, nondestructive, time- and cost-effective method compared with other triglyceride accumulation assays based on enzymatic digest or lipophilic staining. Further, we applied LipiD-QuanT to measure the effect of four potential pro- or antiobesogenic substances: DHA, rosiglitazone, elevated levels of D-glucose, and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Our results revealed that 2 µmol/l rosiglitazone treatment during adipogenesis reduced lipid production and caused a negative shift in LD diameter size distribution, but the other treatments showed no effect under the conditions used here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Varinli
- CSIRO Food and Nutrition Flagship, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia Genomics and Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan J Osmond-McLeod
- CSIRO Food and Nutrition Flagship, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia CSIRO Advanced Materials TCP (Nanosafety), North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter L Molloy
- CSIRO Food and Nutrition Flagship, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pascal Vallotton
- CSIRO Digital Productivity Flagship, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
ZnO nanoparticles augment ALT, AST, ALP and LDH expressions in C2C12 cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 22:679-84. [PMID: 26586993 PMCID: PMC4625421 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme expressions in C2C12 cells. ZnO nanoparticles are widely used in the several cosmetic lotions and other biomedical products. Several studies report on ZnO nanoparticle mediated cytotoxicity. However, there are no reports on the effect of ZnO nanoparticles on ALT, AST, ALP and LDH enzyme expressions in C2C12 cells. A cytotoxicity assay was carried out to determine the effect of ZnO nanoparticles (1-5 mg/ml) on C2C12 cell viability at 48 and 72 h. ZnO nanoparticles increased ALT, AST, ALP and LDH enzyme mRNA expression and their activities in C2C12 cells. In conclusion, the present study showed that ZnO nanoparticles increased these enzyme activities and its mRNA expression in C2C12 cells in a dose-dependent manner.
Collapse
|
108
|
Umrani RD, Paknikar KM. Jasada bhasma, a Zinc-Based Ayurvedic Preparation: Contemporary Evidence of Antidiabetic Activity Inspires Development of a Nanomedicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:193156. [PMID: 25866533 PMCID: PMC4381720 DOI: 10.1155/2015/193156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The roles of metals in human physiology are well established. It is also known that many metals are required in trace amounts for normal metabolism and their deficiency leads to diseases. In Ayurveda, metal-based preparations, that is, bhasmas, are indicated for the treatment of several diseases. Standard textbooks of Ayurveda recommend Jasada bhasma (zinc based bhasma) as the treatment of choice for diabetes. Modern medicine also recognizes the important role of zinc in glucose homeostasis. Yet, studies that validate the use of Jasada bhasma are few and uncomprehensive. There is an imminent need for a systematic study on physicochemical characterization, pharmacological efficacy, and toxicity assessment of several bhasma preparations to generate scientific evidence of their utility and safety. Interestingly, recent studies suggest that bhasmas comprise submicronic particles or nanoparticles. Thus a bhasma-inspired new drug discovery approach could emerge in which several metal based nanomedicines could be developed. This would help in utilizing the age old, time-tested wisdom of Ayurveda in modern medicine. One such study on antidiabetic activity of Jasada bhasma and the corresponding new drug, namely, zinc oxide nanoparticles, is briefly discussed, as an example.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinku D. Umrani
- Centre for Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune Maharashtra 411004, India
| | - Kishore M. Paknikar
- Centre for Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune Maharashtra 411004, India
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Yang X, Shao H, Liu W, Gu W, Shu X, Mo Y, Chen X, Zhang Q, Jiang M. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress are involved in ZnO nanoparticle-induced hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2015; 234:40-9. [PMID: 25680694 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) are widely used in sunscreens, clothes, medicine and electronic devices. However, the potential risks of human exposure and the potential for adverse health impacts are not well understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused liver damage and hepatocyte apoptosis through oxidative stress, but the molecular mechanisms that are involved in Nano-ZnO-induced hepatotoxicity are still unclear. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is sensitive to oxidative stress, and also plays a crucial role in oxidative stress-induced damage. Previous studies showed that ER stress was involved in many chemical-induced liver injuries. We hypothesized that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused oxidative stress and ER stress that were involved in Nano-ZnO-induced liver injury. To test our hypothesis, mice were gavaged with 200 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg of Nano-ZnO once a day for a period of 90 days, and blood and liver tissues were obtained for study. Our results showed that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused liver injury that was reflected by focal hepatocellular necrosis, congestive dilation of central veins, and significantly increased alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. Exposure to Nano-ZnO also caused depletion of glutathione (GSH) in the liver tissues. In addition, our electron microscope results showed that ER swelling and ribosomal degranulation were observed in the liver tissues from mice treated with Nano-ZnO. The mRNA expression levels of ER stress-associated genes (grp78, grp94, pdi-3, xbp-1) were also up-regulated in Nano-ZnO-treated mice. Nano-ZnO caused increased phosphorylation of RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). Finally, we found that exposure to Nano-ZnO caused increased ER stress-associated apoptotic protein levels, such as caspase-3, caspase-9, caspase-12, phosphorylation of JNK, and CHOP/GADD153, and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes (chop and bax). These results suggest that oxidative stress and ER stress-induced apoptosis are involved in Nano-ZnO-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Huali Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weirong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weizhong Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yiqun Mo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Guo DD, Li QN, Li CM, Bi HS. Zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibit murine photoreceptor-derived cell proliferation and migration via reducing TGF-β and MMP-9 expression in vitro. Cell Prolif 2015; 48:198-208. [PMID: 25615023 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate behaviour and expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9) in murine photoreceptor-derived cells (661W) after incubation with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS We explored effects of ZnO nanoparticles on 661W cells using a real-time cell electronic sensing system, flow cytometry, multiple function microplate reading, real-time quantitative PCR detection system and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively. RESULTS Our results indicate that ZnO nanoparticles induced overload of calcium and reactive oxygen species within cells, causing formation of apoptotic bodies, disruption of cell cycle distribution, and reduction in expression of TGF-β and MMP-9, to suppress cell proliferation and migration. Our findings show that disruption of intracellular calcium homoeostasis and overproduction of reactive oxygen species were closely associated with reduction of TGF-β and MMP-9 in 661W cells under ZnO nanoparticle treatment. CONCLUSIONS Results of our study indicate that ZnO nanoparticles suppressed cell proliferation and migration, and reduced production of TGF-β and MMP-9 at both gene and protein levels. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that reduced TGF-β and MMP-9 levels inhibit cell proliferation and migration under ZnO nanoparticle influence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Dong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
111
|
Choi J, Kim H, Kim P, Jo E, Kim HM, Lee MY, Jin SM, Park K. Toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in rats treated by two different routes: single intravenous injection and single oral administration. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2015; 78:226-243. [PMID: 25674826 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.949949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Toxicokinetics of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) was studied in rats via a single intravenous (iv) injection and a single oral administration (3 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg), respectively. Blood concentrations of zinc (Zn) were monitored for 7 d and tissue distribution were determined in liver, kidneys, lung, spleen, thymus, brain, and testes. To ascertain the excretion of ZnONP, Zn levels in urine and feces were measured for 7 d. ZnONP were not readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) after oral administration and were excreted mostly in feces. When the nanoparticles were injected iv to rats at a dose of 30 mg/kg, peak concentration appeared at 5 min but returned to normal range by d 2 (48 h after injection). ZnONP were distributed mainly to liver, kidneys, lung, and spleen, but not to thymus, brain, and testes. The distribution level was significantly decreased to normal by d 7. Feces excretion levels after iv injection supported biliary excretion of ZnONP. In rats injected iv with 30 mg/kg, mitotic figures in hepatocytes were significantly increased and multifocal acute injuries with dark brown pigment were noted in lungs, while no significant damage was observed in rats treated orally with the same dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonghye Choi
- a College of Pharmacy , Dongduk Women's University , Seoul , Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
112
|
Asok A, Ghosh S, More PA, Chopade BA, Gandhi MN, Kulkarni AR. Surface defect rich ZnO quantum dots as antioxidants inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase: a potential anti-diabetic nanomedicine. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:4597-4606. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of defect rich ZnO quantum dots is reported, which shows potential for developing anti-diabetic nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adersh Asok
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Sougata Ghosh
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology
- University of Pune
- Pune-411007
- India
| | - Piyush A. More
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology
- University of Pune
- Pune-411007
- India
| | - Balu A. Chopade
- Department of Microbiology
- University of Pune
- Pune-411007
- India
| | - Mayuri N. Gandhi
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Ajit R. Kulkarni
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Shoae-Hagh P, Rahimifard M, Navaei-Nigjeh M, Baeeri M, Gholami M, Mohammadirad A, Abdollahi M. Zinc oxide nanoparticles reduce apoptosis and oxidative stress values in isolated rat pancreatic islets. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 162:262-9. [PMID: 25183395 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been previously studied, there are still controversies in terms of dose, size, shape, and affecting cells. By such a perspective, in this study, small size of ZnO NPs with a diameter of 10 nm at low concentrations was studied for any effect on the viability and function of isolated rat pancreatic islets. Islets of Langerhans were isolated and assessed for viability, functionality (insulin secretion), cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis by flow cytometry. The LC50 of ZnO NPs was found at 1,400 ng/mL at the first phase of the study. A meaningful increase in viability of islets and insulin secretion in basal and even stimulated concentrations of glucose was found by ZnO NPs (70 ng/mL) with p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively. Likewise, ZnO NPs in 70 ng/mL concentration decreased cytosolic ROS generation (p < 0.05). In the meantime, the percentage of early stage of apoptotic cells dropped down to 17 % (from 29 % of control). These results for the first time confirm that ZnO NPs are not only safe when used at dose of 70 ng/mL but also improve viability and function of pancreatic islets and meanwhile reduce oxidative stress and prevent cells from entering the apoptotic phase.
Collapse
|
114
|
Analysis of Dose-Dependent Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Adipocytes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:2851-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
115
|
Dieni CA, Callaghan NI, Gormley PT, Butler KMA, Maccormack TJ. Physiological hepatic response to zinc oxide nanoparticle exposure in the white sucker, Catostomus commersonii. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 162:51-61. [PMID: 24704545 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Liver toxicity of commercially relevant zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) was assessed in a benthic freshwater cypriniform, the white sucker (Catostomus commersonii). Exposure to nZnO caused several changes in levels of liver enzyme activity, antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation end products consistent with an oxidative stress response. Aconitase activity decreased by ~65% but tended to be restored to original levels upon supplementation with Fe(2+), indicating oxidative inactivation of the 4Fe-4S cluster. Furthermore, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity decreased by ~29%, and glutathione levels increased by ~56%. Taken together, these suggest that nZnO induces hepatic physiological stress. Each assay was then validated by using a single liver homogenate or plasma sample that was partitioned and treated with nZnO or Zn(2+), the breakdown product of nZnO. It was found that Zn(2+), but not nZnO, increased detected glutathione reductase activity by ~14% and decreased detected malondialdehyde by ~39%. This indicates that if appreciable nZnO dissolution occurs in liver samples during processing and assay, it may skew results, with implications not only for this study, but also for a wide range of nanotoxicology studies focusing on nZnO. Finally, in vitro incubations of cell-free rat blood plasma with nZnO failed to generate any significant increase in malondialdehyde or protein carbonyl levels, or any significant decrease in ferric reducing ability of plasma. This suggests that at the level tested, any oxidative stress caused by nZnO is the result of a coordinated physiological response by the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Anthony Dieni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Barclay Chemistry Building, 63C York Street, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1G8, Canada.
| | - Neal Ingraham Callaghan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Barclay Chemistry Building, 63C York Street, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Patrick Thomas Gormley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Barclay Chemistry Building, 63C York Street, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Kathryn Marie Alison Butler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Barclay Chemistry Building, 63C York Street, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Tyson James Maccormack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Barclay Chemistry Building, 63C York Street, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1G8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Alkaladi A, Abdelazim AM, Afifi M. Antidiabetic activity of zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:2015-23. [PMID: 24477262 PMCID: PMC3958835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15022015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles in medicine is an attractive proposition. In the present study, zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles were evaluated for their antidiabetic activity. Fifty male albino rats with weight 120 ± 20 and age 6 months were used. Animals were grouped as follows: control; did not receive any type of treatment, diabetic; received a single intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg), diabetic + zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), received single daily oral dose of 10 mg/kg ZnONPs in suspension, diabetic + silver nanoparticles (SNPs); received a single daily oral dose of SNP of 10 mg/kg in suspension and diabetic + insulin; received a single subcutaneous dose of 0.6 units/50 g body weight. Zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles induce a significant reduced blood glucose, higher serum insulin, higher glucokinase activity higher expression level of insulin, insulin receptor, GLUT-2 and glucokinase genes in diabetic rats treated with zinc oxide, silver nanoparticles and insulin. In conclusion, zinc oxide and sliver nanoparticles act as potent antidiabetic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alkaladi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, North Campus, P.O. Box 11508, Jeddah 21463, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aaser Mohamed Abdelazim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, North Campus, P.O. Box 11508, Jeddah 21463, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles UsingTriticum aestivumand Its Effect on Peroxide Catalytic Activity and Toxicology. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/265864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles using bioreduction method was investigated. Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles usingTriticum aestivum(khapali ghahu) extract was investigated. The effect of a specific variety of plants and how it affects the growth of silver nanoparticles was investigated in our work and it was polydispersed. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to monitor the formation of silver nanoparticles within 15 minutes. The peaks in XRD pattern are in good agreement with those of face-centered-cubic form of metallic silver. Further the IR and TEM shows confirmation of nanocrystalline nature of silver nanoparticles. These nanoparticles dislodged by ultrasonication showed an absorption peak at 430 nm in UV-visible spectrum corresponding to the Plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles. UV-visible titration experiments showed evidence that silver nanoparticles facilitate hydrogen peroxide reduction showing excellent catalytic activity at 200 μL. In this preliminary toxicology study, Earthworm toxicology we checked and is stable up to 1500 ppm concentration. The use of plant extract for silver nanoparticles synthesis offers the benefits of eco-friendliness and amenability for large-scale production.
Collapse
|