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Patte M, Chaix B, Gerber P, Klein O, Perchoux C, Vallée J. [Environnement résidentiel et vieillissement en santé : le rôle de l'activité physique et de la participation sociale]. Can J Aging 2022; 41:348-362. [PMID: 35512791 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980821000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Le vieillissement démographique est un des défis majeurs du 21e siècle. Il pose directement la question du « vieillissement en santé », un processus aidant les personnes âgées à rester en bonne santé et indépendantes le plus longtemps possible. L'influence des facteurs environnementaux sur ce processus peut varier selon les individus et leurs comportements. L'enchevêtrement de ces facteurs représente un défi autant théorique que méthodologique. Cet article a pour objectifs i) de quantifier les associations entre l'environnement physique et social du quartier des personnes âgées et leur vieillissement en santé et ii) d'examiner si leur activité physique et leur participation sociale jouent un rôle de médiation dans ces associations. Si certaines caractéristiques du quartier relatives à la réputation, l'accès aux services, et la cohésion sociale sont associées au vieillissement en santé, il existe un soutien limité à l'idée que les comportements tiennent un rôle d'intermédiaire dans cette relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Patte
- Géographie-Cités - UMR 8504, Campus Condorcet 5, Cours des Humanités 93322 Aubervilliers Cedex, 75006, France
| | - Basile Chaix
- Inserm, UMR-S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique - Faculté de Médecine Site Saint-Antoine - 27, rue Chaligny 75012 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gerber
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Maison des Sciences Humaines, 11, Porte des Sciences L-4366Esch-sur-Alzette / Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Olivier Klein
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Maison des Sciences Humaines, 11, Porte des Sciences L-4366Esch-sur-Alzette / Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Maison des Sciences Humaines, 11, Porte des Sciences L-4366Esch-sur-Alzette / Belval, Luxembourg
| | - Julie Vallée
- Géographie-Cités - UMR 8504, Campus Condorcet 5, Cours des Humanités 93322 Aubervilliers Cedex, 75006, France
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Juneja Gandhi T, Garg PR, Kurian K, Bjurgert J, Sahariah SA, Mehra S, Vishwakarma G. Outdoor Physical Activity in an Air Polluted Environment and Its Effect on the Cardiovascular System-A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10547. [PMID: 36078268 PMCID: PMC9517891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a global public health threat. Evidence suggests that increased air pollution leads to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review was to systematically review and synthesize scientific evidence to understand the effect of performing outdoor physical activity (PA) in a polluted environment on cardiovascular outcomes. This review was developed and reported in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches in Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed were undertaken through March 2021 initially, and later updated through to 31st January 2022, for observational studies published in peer-reviewed journals that report cardiovascular mortality or morbidity due to outdoor PA in air polluted environment. These searches yielded 10,840 citations. Two reviewers independently reviewed each citation for its eligibility. Seven studies were found to be eligible. Of these, five were cohort studies and two were cross-sectional studies. Pollutants measured in the selected studies were Particulate Matter (PM)-PM10, PM2.5, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and ozone (O3). The most common study outcome was myocardial infarction, followed by cardiovascular mortality, hypertension and heart rate variability. Six studies emphasized that the PA has beneficial effects on cardiovascular outcomes, though air pollutants attenuate this effect to an extent. Two studies showed that walking, even in the polluted environment, significantly reduced the heart rate and heart rate variability indices. The beneficial effects of outdoor PA outweigh the harmful effects of air pollution on cardiovascular health, though the benefits reduce to an extent when PA is carried out in a polluted environment. Because a limited number of studies (n = 7) were eligible for inclusion, the review further emphasizes the critical need for more primary studies that differentiate between outdoor and indoor PA and its effect on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taruna Juneja Gandhi
- MAMTA Health Institute for Mother and Child, B-5, Greater Kailash Enclave II, New Delhi 110048, India
| | - Priyanka Rani Garg
- MAMTA Health Institute for Mother and Child, B-5, Greater Kailash Enclave II, New Delhi 110048, India
| | - Kauma Kurian
- MAMTA Health Institute for Mother and Child, B-5, Greater Kailash Enclave II, New Delhi 110048, India
| | | | - Sirazul Ameen Sahariah
- MAMTA Health Institute for Mother and Child, B-5, Greater Kailash Enclave II, New Delhi 110048, India
| | - Sunil Mehra
- MAMTA Health Institute for Mother and Child, B-5, Greater Kailash Enclave II, New Delhi 110048, India
| | - Gayatri Vishwakarma
- Indian Spinal Injuries Centre Sector-C, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India
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Mahajan S. Design and development of an open-source framework for citizen-centric environmental monitoring and data analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14416. [PMID: 36002580 PMCID: PMC9402591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18700-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cities around the world are struggling with environmental pollution. The conventional monitoring approaches are not effective for undertaking large-scale environmental monitoring due to logistical and cost-related issues. The availability of low-cost and low-power Internet of Things (IoT) devices has proved to be an effective alternative to monitoring the environment. Such systems have opened up environment monitoring opportunities to citizens while simultaneously confronting them with challenges related to sensor accuracy and the accumulation of large data sets. Analyzing and interpreting sensor data itself is a formidable task that requires extensive computational resources and expertise. To address this challenge, a social, open-source, and citizen-centric IoT (Soc-IoT) framework is presented, which combines a real-time environmental sensing device with an intuitive data analysis and visualization application. Soc-IoT has two main components: (1) CoSense Unit—a resource-efficient, portable and modular device designed and evaluated for indoor and outdoor environmental monitoring, and (2) exploreR—an intuitive cross-platform data analysis and visualization application that offers a comprehensive set of tools for systematic analysis of sensor data without the need for coding. Developed as a proof-of-concept framework to monitor the environment at scale, Soc-IoT aims to promote environmental resilience and open innovation by lowering technological barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Mahajan
- Computational Social Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
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104
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Wu T, Tong M, Chu A, Wu K, Niu X, Zhang Z. PM2.5-Induced Programmed Myocardial Cell Death via mPTP Opening Results in Deteriorated Cardiac Function in HFpEF Mice. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:746-762. [PMID: 35593990 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PM2.5 exposure can induce or exacerbate heart failure and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure hospitalization and mortality; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study focuses on the potential mechanisms underlying PM2.5 induction of cardiomyocyte programmed necrosis as well as its promotion of cardiac function impairment in a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF mice were exposed to concentrated ambient PM2.5 (CAP) (CAP group) or filtered air (FA) (FA group) for 6 weeks. Changes in myocardial pathology and cardiac function were documented for comparisons between the two groups. In vitro experiments were performed to measure oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) dynamics in H9C2 cells following 24 h exposure to PM2.5. Additionally, co-immunoprecipitation was conducted to detect p53 and cyclophilin D (CypD) interactions. The results showed exposure to CAP promoted cardiac function impairment in HFpEF mice. Myocardial pathology analysis and in vitro experiments demonstrated that PM2.5 led to mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes and, eventually, their necrosis. Moreover, our experiments also suggested that PM2.5 increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), induces DNA oxidative damage, and decreases the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). This indicates the presence of mPTP opening. Co-immunoprecipitation results showed a p53/CypD interaction in the myocardial tissue of HFpEF mice in the CAP group. Inhibition of CypD by cyclosporin A was found to reverse PM2.5-induced mPTP opening and H9C2 cell death. In conclusion, PM2.5 induces mPTP opening to stimulate mitochondria-mediated programmed necrosis of cardiomyocytes, and it might exacerbate cardiac function impairment in HFpEF mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Minghui Tong
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Aiai Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kaiyue Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaowei Niu
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Siegel EL, Ghassabian A, Hipwell AE, Factor-Litvak P, Zhu Y, Steinthal HG, Focella C, Battaglia L, Porucznik CA, Collingwood SC, Klein-Fedyshin M, Kahn LG. Indoor and outdoor air pollution and couple fecundability: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 29:45-70. [PMID: 35894871 PMCID: PMC9825271 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is both a sensory blight and a threat to human health. Inhaled environmental pollutants can be naturally occurring or human-made, and include traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), ozone, particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds, among other substances, including those from secondhand smoking. Studies of air pollution on reproductive and endocrine systems have reported associations of TRAP, secondhand smoke (SHS), organic solvents and biomass fueled-cooking with adverse birth outcomes. While some evidence suggests that air pollution contributes to infertility, the extant literature is mixed, and varying effects of pollutants have been reported. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Although some reviews have studied the association between common outdoor air pollutants and time to pregnancy (TTP), there are no comprehensive reviews that also include exposure to indoor inhaled pollutants, such as airborne occupational toxicants and SHS. The current systematic review summarizes the strength of evidence for associations of outdoor air pollution, SHS and indoor inhaled air pollution with couple fecundability and identifies gaps and limitations in the literature to inform policy decisions and future research. SEARCH METHODS We performed an electronic search of six databases for original research articles in English published since 1990 on TTP or fecundability and a number of chemicals in the context of air pollution, inhalation and aerosolization. Standardized forms for screening, data extraction and study quality were developed using DistillerSR software and completed in duplicate. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess risk of bias and devised additional quality metrics based on specific methodological features of both air pollution and fecundability studies. OUTCOMES The search returned 5200 articles, 4994 of which were excluded at the level of title and abstract screening. After full-text screening, 35 papers remained for data extraction and synthesis. An additional 3 papers were identified independently that fit criteria, and 5 papers involving multiple routes of exposure were removed, yielding 33 articles from 28 studies for analysis. There were 8 papers that examined outdoor air quality, while 6 papers examined SHS exposure and 19 papers examined indoor air quality. The results indicated an association between outdoor air pollution and reduced fecundability, including TRAP and specifically nitrogen oxides and PM with a diameter of ≤2.5 µm, as well as exposure to SHS and formaldehyde. However, exposure windows differed greatly between studies as did the method of exposure assessment. There was little evidence that exposure to volatile solvents is associated with reduced fecundability. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The evidence suggests that exposure to outdoor air pollutants, SHS and some occupational inhaled pollutants may reduce fecundability. Future studies of SHS should use indoor air monitors and biomarkers to improve exposure assessment. Air monitors that capture real-time exposure can provide valuable insight about the role of indoor air pollution and are helpful in assessing the short-term acute effects of pollutants on TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva L Siegel
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Alison E Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | | | - Carolina Focella
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lindsey Battaglia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Linda G Kahn
- Correspondence address. E-mail: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6512-6160
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Koo GPY, Zheng H, Pek PP, Hughes F, Lim SL, Yeo JW, Ong MEH, Ho AFW. Clustering of Environmental Parameters and the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148476. [PMID: 35886328 PMCID: PMC9318360 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The association between days with similar environmental parameters and cardiovascular events is unknown. We investigate the association between clusters of environmental parameters and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk in Singapore. Using k-means clustering and conditional Poisson models, we grouped calendar days from 2010 to 2015 based on rainfall, temperature, wind speed and the Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) and compared the incidence rate ratios (IRR) of AMI across the clusters using a time-stratified case-crossover design. Three distinct clusters were formed with Cluster 1 having high wind speed, Cluster 2 high rainfall, and Cluster 3 high temperature and PSI. Compared to Cluster 1, Cluster 3 had a higher AMI incidence with IRR 1.04 (95% confidence interval 1.01–1.07), but no significant difference was found between Cluster 1 and Cluster 2. Subgroup analyses showed that increased AMI incidence was significant only among those with age ≥65, male, non-smokers, non-ST elevation AMI (NSTEMI), history of hyperlipidemia and no history of ischemic heart disease, diabetes or hypertension. In conclusion, we found that AMI incidence, especially NSTEMI, is likely to be higher on days with high temperature and PSI. These findings have public health implications for AMI prevention and emergency health services delivery during the seasonal Southeast Asian transboundary haze.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huili Zheng
- National Registry of Diseases Office, Health Promotion Board, Singapore 168937, Singapore;
| | - Pin Pin Pek
- Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.P.P.); (M.E.H.O.)
| | - Fintan Hughes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Hospital, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Shir Lynn Lim
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore;
- Department of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Jun Wei Yeo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Marcus E. H. Ong
- Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.P.P.); (M.E.H.O.)
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Andrew F. W. Ho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Pre-Hospital and Emergency Research Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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107
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Sadar AJ. Climatology and trends of morning and evening surface-based temperature inversions in southwestern Pennsylvania with air quality implications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:49411-49421. [PMID: 35524103 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Concerns over regional climate change include its impact on air quality. A major contributor to unhealthy air quality is surface-based temperature inversions. Poor air quality is a serious public health concern that is often addressed by public health agencies. To assist with understanding the climatology and trend of temperature inversions for a large public health department, innovative pragmatic criteria were developed and used to determine morning and evening surface-based temperature inversions from datasets derived from Pittsburgh National Weather Service (NWS) radiosonde measurements made from 1 January 1991 through 31 December 2020. During this 30-year period, the strength of the morning (7 a.m. EST; 12 UTC) inversions was 3.9 °C on average. The depth of the inversion layer measured an average height of 246 m above the ground. The inversions tended to dissipate by 10 a.m. EST. The frequency of occurrence of morning inversions averaged 47%. The mean strength of the evening (7 p.m. EST; 00 UTC) inversions was 1.1 °C with a mean depth of 101 m above the ground. The frequency of evening inversion occurrence averaged 20% during this period. The 30-year climatology revealed generally declining frequency of inversions in the Pittsburgh area. Morning surface-based inversion strengths usually declined while morning depths and break times were steady. Evening inversion strengths and depths increased overall during the 30-year period. Monthly means showed a morning-evening overlap of some months that record the most frequent substantial inversions during the fall time of the year, coinciding with the time when the worst air pollution events occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Sadar
- Environmental Risk Communication, LLC, 232 Yale Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15229, USA.
- Geneva College, 3200 College Avenue, Beaver Falls, PA, 15010, USA.
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108
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Burkart K, Causey K, Cohen AJ, Wozniak SS, Salvi DD, Abbafati C, Adekanmbi V, Adsuar JC, Ahmadi K, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Alipour V, Alvis-Guzman N, Amegah AK, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Ansari F, Arabloo J, Aremu O, Aripov T, Babaee E, Banach M, Barnett A, Bärnighausen TW, Bedi N, Behzadifar M, Béjot Y, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Bernstein RS, Bhattacharyya K, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bohlouli S, Breitner S, Brenner H, Butt ZA, Cámera LA, Cantu-Brito C, Carvalho F, Cerin E, Chattu VK, Chauhan BG, Choi JYJ, Chu DT, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daryani A, Davletov K, de Courten B, Demeke FM, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Diaz D, Djalalinia S, Duncan BB, El Sayed Zaki M, Eskandarieh S, Fareed M, Farzadfar F, Fattahi N, Fazlzadeh M, Fernandes E, Filip I, Fischer F, Foigt NA, Freitas M, Ghashghaee A, Gill PS, Ginawi IA, Gopalani SV, Guo Y, Gupta RD, Habtewold TD, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Hankey GJ, Hasanpoor E, Hassen HY, Hay SI, Heibati B, Hole MK, Hossain N, Househ M, Irvani SSN, Jaafari J, Jakovljevic M, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Jozwiak JJ, Kasaeian A, Kaydi N, Khader YS, Khafaie MA, Khan EA, Khan J, Khan MN, Khatab K, Khater AM, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kivimäki M, Knibbs LD, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kuate Defo B, Kugbey N, Lauriola P, Lee PH, Leili M, Lewycka S, Li S, Lim LL, Linn S, Liu Y, Lorkowski S, Mahasha PW, Mahotra NB, Majeed A, Maleki A, Malekzadeh R, Mamun AA, Manafi N, Martini S, Meharie BG, Menezes RG, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Miller TR, Mini GK, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mohajer B, Mohammed S, Mohan V, Mokdad AH, Monasta L, Moraga P, Morrison SD, Mueller UO, Mukhopadhyay S, Mustafa G, Muthupandian S, Naik G, Nangia V, Ndwandwe DE, Negoi RI, Ningrum DNA, Noubiap JJ, Ogbo FA, Olagunju AT, Onwujekwe OE, Ortiz A, Owolabi MO, P A M, Panda-Jonas S, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Pirsaheb M, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Radfar A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MA, Rai RK, Ranabhat CL, Raoofi S, Rawal L, Renzaho AMN, Rezapour A, Ribeiro D, Roever L, Ronfani L, Sabour S, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Salimzadeh H, Salvi SS, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sarmiento-Suárez R, Sathish T, Schmidt MI, Schutte AE, Sepanlou SG, Shaikh MA, Sharafi K, Sheikh A, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shuval K, Soyiri IN, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tefera YM, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Thankappan KR, Topor-Madry R, Tudor Car L, Ullah I, Vacante M, Valdez PR, Vasankari TJ, Violante FS, Waheed Y, Wolfe CDA, Yamada T, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Zaman SB, Zhang Y, Zodpey S, Lim SS, Stanaway JD, Brauer M. Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM 2·5 air pollution, 1990-2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Planet Health 2022; 6:e586-e600. [PMID: 35809588 PMCID: PMC9278144 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution. METHODS We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure-response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regression-Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. The estimated curve was linked to ambient and household PM2·5 exposures from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019, and estimates of the attributable burden (population attributable fractions and rates per 100 000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years) for 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were calculated. We also assessed the role of changes in exposure, population size, age, and type 2 diabetes incidence in the observed trend in PM2·5-attributable type 2 diabetes burden. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. FINDINGS In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes was attributable to PM2·5 exposure, with an estimated 3·78 (95% uncertainty interval 2·68-4·83) deaths per 100 000 population and 167 (117-223) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. Approximately 13·4% (9·49-17·5) of deaths and 13·6% (9·73-17·9) of DALYs due to type 2 diabetes were contributed by ambient PM2·5, and 6·50% (4·22-9·53) of deaths and 5·92% (3·81-8·64) of DALYs by household air pollution. High burdens, in terms of numbers as well as rates, were estimated in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South America. Since 1990, the attributable burden has increased by 50%, driven largely by population growth and ageing. Globally, the impact of reductions in household air pollution was largely offset by increased ambient PM2·5. INTERPRETATION Air pollution is a major risk factor for diabetes. We estimated that about a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes is attributable PM2·5 pollution. Air pollution mitigation therefore might have an essential role in reducing the global disease burden resulting from type 2 diabetes. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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109
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Ghazi L, Drawz PE, Berman JD. The association between fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and chronic kidney disease using electronic health record data in urban Minnesota. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:583-589. [PMID: 34127789 PMCID: PMC8202050 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00351-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence has shown that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may be an important environmental risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), but few studies have examined this association for individual patients using fine spatial data. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between PM2.5 and CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]<45 ml/min/1.73 m2) in the Twin-Cities area in Minnesota using a large electronic health care database (2012-2019). METHODS We estimated the previous 1-year average PM2.5 from the first eGFR (measured with the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation using the first available creatinine measure during the baseline period [2012-2014]) using Environmental Protection Agency downscaler modeling data at the census tract level. We evaluated the spatial relative risk and clustering of CKD prevalence using a K-function test statistic. We assessed the prevalence ratio of the PM2.5 association with CKD incidence using a mixed effect Cox model, respectively. RESULTS Patients (n = 20,289) in the fourth (PM2.5 > 10.4), third (10.3 < PM2.5 < 10.8) and second quartile (9.9 < PM2.5 < 10.3) vs. the first quartile (<9.9 μg/m3) had a 2.52[2.21, 2.87], 2.18[1.95, 2.45], and 1.72[1.52, 1.97] hazard rate of developing CKD in the fully adjusted models, respectively. We identified spatial heterogeneities and evidence of CKD clustering across our study region, but this spatial variation was accounted for by air pollution and individual covariates. SIGNIFICANCE Exposure to higher PM2.5 is associated with a greater risk for incident CKD. Improvements in air quality, specifically at hotspots, may reduce CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Ghazi
- Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Paul E Drawz
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jesse D Berman
- Division of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Kahremanoğlu K, Tosun H, Eroğlu AE, Boyaci E. Recent progress in wearable extractive sampling technology. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Adebayo-Ojo TC, Wichmann J, Arowosegbe OO, Probst-Hensch N, Schindler C, Künzli N. Short-Term Effects of PM10, NO2, SO2 and O3 on Cardio-Respiratory Mortality in Cape Town, South Africa, 2006–2015. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138078. [PMID: 35805737 PMCID: PMC9265394 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: The health effect of air pollution is rarely quantified in Africa, and this is evident in global systematic reviews and multi-city studies which only includes South Africa. Methods: A time-series analysis was conducted on daily mortality (cardiovascular (CVD) and respiratory diseases (RD)) and air pollution from 2006–2015 for the city of Cape Town. We fitted single- and multi-pollutant models to test the independent effects of particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) from co-pollutants. Results: daily average concentrations per interquartile range (IQR) increase of 16.4 µg/m3 PM10, 10.7 µg/m3 NO2, 6 µg/m3 SO2 and 15.6 µg/m3 O3 lag 0–1 were positively associated with CVD, with an increased risk of 2.4% (95% CI: 0.9–3.9%), 2.2 (95% CI: 0.4–4.1%), 1.4% (95% CI: 0–2.8%) and 2.5% (95% CI: 0.2–4.8%), respectively. For RD, only NO2 showed a significant positive association with a 4.5% (95% CI: 1.4–7.6%) increase per IQR. In multi-pollutant models, associations of NO2 with RD remained unchanged when adjusted for PM10 and SO2 but was weakened for O3. In CVD, O3 estimates were insensitive to other pollutants showing an increased risk. Interestingly, CVD and RD lag structures of PM10, showed significant acute effect with evidence of mortality displacement. Conclusion: The findings suggest that air pollution is associated with mortality, and exposure to PM10 advances the death of frail population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temitope Christina Adebayo-Ojo
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123 Basel, Switzerland; (O.O.A.); (N.P.-H.); (C.S.); (N.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
| | - Janine Wichmann
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Oluwaseyi Olalekan Arowosegbe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123 Basel, Switzerland; (O.O.A.); (N.P.-H.); (C.S.); (N.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123 Basel, Switzerland; (O.O.A.); (N.P.-H.); (C.S.); (N.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123 Basel, Switzerland; (O.O.A.); (N.P.-H.); (C.S.); (N.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nino Künzli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, Allschwil, 4123 Basel, Switzerland; (O.O.A.); (N.P.-H.); (C.S.); (N.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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112
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Cortés S, Leiva C, Ojeda MJ, Bustamante-Ara N, Wambaa W, Dominguez A, Pasten Salvo C, Rodriguez Peralta C, Rojas Arenas B, Vargas Mesa D, Ahumada-Padilla E. Air Pollution and Cardiorespiratory Changes in Older Adults Living in a Polluted Area in Central Chile. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221107136. [PMID: 35782316 PMCID: PMC9243574 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221107136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One recognized cause of cardiorespiratory diseases is air pollution. Older adults (OA) are one of the most vulnerable groups that suffer from its adverse effects. The objective of the study was to analyze the association between exposure to air pollution and changes in cardiorespiratory variables in OA. Observational prospective cohort study. Health questionnaires, blood pressure (BP) measurements, lung functions, respiratory symptoms, physical activity levels, and physical fitness in high and low exposure to air pollution were all methods used in evaluating OAs in communes with high contamination rates. Linear and logistic models were created to adjust for variables of interest. A total of 92 OA participated in this study. 73.9% of the subjects were women with 72.3 ± 5.6 years. 46.7% were obese, while 12.1% consumed tobacco. The most prevalent diseases found were hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Adjusted linear models maintained an increase for systolic BP of 6.77 mmHg (95% CI: 1.04-12.51), and diastolic of 3.51 mmHg (95% CI: 0.72-6.29), during the period of high exposure to air pollution. The adjusted logistic regression model indicated that, during the period of high exposure to air pollution increase the respiratory symptoms 4 times more (OR: 4.43, 95% CI: 2.07-10.04) in the OA. The results are consistent with an adverse effect on cardiorespiratory variables in periods of high exposure to air pollution in the OA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cortés
- Department of Public Health, Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases
(ACCDIS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Sustainable Urban
Development (CEDEUS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago,
Chile
| | - Cinthya Leiva
- Department of Public Health, Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Sustainable Urban
Development (CEDEUS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago,
Chile
| | - María José Ojeda
- Department of Public Health, Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Alan Dominguez
- Department of Public Health, Pontificia
Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Experimental and Health
Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, España
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113
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Wang D, Wu X, Li C, Han J, Yin J. The impact of geo-environmental factors on global COVID-19 transmission: A review of evidence and methodology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154182. [PMID: 35231530 PMCID: PMC8882033 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission indicate that geo-environmental factors have played a significant role in the global pandemic. However, there has not been a systematic review on the impact of geo-environmental factors on global COVID-19 transmission in the context of geography. As such, we reviewed 49 well-chosen studies to reveal the impact of geo-environmental factors (including the natural environment and human activity) on global COVID-19 transmission, and to inform critical intervention strategies that could mitigate the worldwide effects of the pandemic. Existing studies frequently mention the impact of climate factors (e.g., temperature and humidity); in contrast, a more decisive influence can be achieved by human activity, including human mobility, health factors, and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). The above results exhibit distinct spatiotemporal heterogeneity. The related analytical methodology consists of sensitivity analysis, mathematical modeling, and risk analysis. For future studies, we recommend highlighting geo-environmental interactions, developing geographically statistical models for multiple waves of the pandemic, and investigating NPIs and care patterns. We also propose four implications for practice to combat global COVID-19 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoxu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Chenlu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Jiatong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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114
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Recent Insights into Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)-Mediated Toxicity in Humans: An Overview. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127511. [PMID: 35742761 PMCID: PMC9223652 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiologic and toxicological studies have commonly viewed ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), defined as particles having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm, as a significant potential danger to human health. PM2.5 is mostly absorbed through the respiratory system, where it can infiltrate the lung alveoli and reach the bloodstream. In the respiratory system, reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) and oxidative stress stimulate the generation of mediators of pulmonary inflammation and begin or promote numerous illnesses. According to the most recent data, fine particulate matter, or PM2.5, is responsible for nearly 4 million deaths globally from cardiopulmonary illnesses such as heart disease, respiratory infections, chronic lung disease, cancers, preterm births, and other illnesses. There has been increased worry in recent years about the negative impacts of this worldwide danger. The causal associations between PM2.5 and human health, the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of PM2.5, and molecular pathways have been described in this review.
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115
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Positive Effect of Air Purifier Intervention on Baroreflex Sensitivity and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Crossover Intervention Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127078. [PMID: 35742327 PMCID: PMC9223013 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Few studies have tested the beneficial effect of indoor air filtration intervention in patients with cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of air filtration on mitigating cardiovascular health in patients with coronary artery disease. This randomized, double-blind, crossover study is conducted with 38 coronary artery disease patients. The intervention consists of the following three periods: two-week active and sham air filtration interventions, with a two-week washout period. The indoor PM2.5 concentration is continuously monitored during the entire study period. We measure the blood pressure, heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity, autonomic function test results, and endothelial function. The two-week active air filtration intervention for two weeks reduces the average indoor concentration of PM2.5 by 33.9%. The indoor PM2.5 concentration is significantly correlated to cross-correlation baroreflex sensitivity. Active air filtration is significantly associated with a decrease in the indicator of oxidative stress represented as 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine. This study shows that a short-term air filtration intervention improved baroreflex sensitivity and might reduce oxidative stress in coronary artery disease patients. These findings suggest that the use of an air purifier could mitigate the recurrence of cardiovascular disease events in patients with coronary artery disease.
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116
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Zhao Z, Guo M, An J, Zhang L, Tan P, Tian X, Zhao Y, Liu L, Wang X, Liu X, Guo X, Luo Y. Acute effect of air pollutants' peak-hour concentrations on ischemic stroke hospital admissions among hypertension patients in Beijing, China, from 2014 to 2018. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41617-41627. [PMID: 35094263 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutants' effect on ischemic stroke (IS) has been widely reported. But the effect of high-level concentrations during people's outdoor periods among hypertension patients was unknown. Peak-hour concentrations were defined considering air pollutants' high concentrations as well as people's outdoor periods. We conducted a time-series study and used the generalized additive model to analyze peak-hour concentrations' acute effect. A total of 315,499 IS patients comorbid with hypertension were admitted to secondary and above hospitals in Beijing from 2014 to 2018. A 10 µg/m3 (CO: 1 mg/m3) increase of the peak-hour concentrations was positively associated with IS hospital admissions among hypertension patients. The maximum effect sizes were as follows: for PM2.5, 0.17% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10-0.24%) at Lag0 and 0.22% (95% CI: 0.12-0.33%) at Lag0-5; for PM10, 0.09% (95% CI: 0.05-0.13%) at Lag5 and 0.17% (95% CI: 0.09-0.26%) at Lag0-5; for SO2, 0.87% (95% CI: 0.46-1.29%) at Lag5; for NO2, 0.83% (95% CI: 0.62-1.04%) at Lag0 and 0.86% (95% CI: 0.59-1.13%) at Lag0-1; for CO 1.23% (95% CI: 0.66-1.80%) at Lag0 and 1.33% (95% CI: 0.33-2.35%) at Lag0-5; for O3 0.23% (95% CI: 0.12-0.35%) at Lag0 and 0.20% (95% CI: 0.05-0.34%) at Lag0-1. The effect sizes of PM2.5, NO2, and O3 remained significant after adjusting daily mean. Larger effect sizes were observed for PM2.5 and PM10 in cool season and for O3 in warm season. As significant exposure indicators of air pollution, peak-hour concentrations exposure increased the risk of IS hospital admissions among hypertension patients and it is worthy of consideration in relative environmental standard. It is suggested for hypertension patients to avoid outdoor activity during peak hours. More relevant searches are required to further illustrate air pollutant's effect on chronic disease population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemeng Zhao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Moning Guo
- Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning Information Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ji An
- Department of Medical Engineering, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Peng Tan
- Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning Information Center, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xue Tian
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiangtong Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanxia Luo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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117
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de Bont J, Jaganathan S, Dahlquist M, Persson Å, Stafoggia M, Ljungman P. Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. J Intern Med 2022; 291:779-800. [PMID: 35138681 PMCID: PMC9310863 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The available evidence on the effects of ambient air pollution on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has increased substantially. In this umbrella review, we summarized the current epidemiological evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses linking ambient air pollution and CVDs, with a focus on geographical differences and vulnerable subpopulations. We performed a search strategy through multiple databases including articles between 2010 and 31 January 2021. We performed a quality assessment and evaluated the strength of evidence. Of the 56 included reviews, the most studied outcomes were stroke (22 reviews), all-cause CVD mortality, and morbidity (19). The strongest evidence was found between higher short- and long-term ambient air pollution exposure and all-cause CVD mortality and morbidity, stroke, blood pressure, and ischemic heart diseases (IHD). Short-term exposures to particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5 ), <10 μm (PM10 ), and nitrogen oxides (NOx ) were consistently associated with increased risks of hypertension and triggering of myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke (fatal and nonfatal). Long-term exposures of PM2.5 were largely associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis, incident MI, hypertension, and incident stroke and stroke mortality. Few reviews evaluated other CVD outcomes including arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, or heart failure but they generally reported positive statistical associations. Stronger associations were found in Asian countries and vulnerable subpopulations, especially among the elderly, cardiac patients, and people with higher weight status. Consistent with experimental data, this comprehensive umbrella review found strong evidence that higher levels of ambient air pollution increase the risk of CVDs, especially all-cause CVD mortality, stroke, and IHD. These results emphasize the importance of reducing the alarming levels of air pollution across the globe, especially in Asia, and among vulnerable subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen de Bont
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suganthi Jaganathan
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Environmental Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Delhi-NCR, India.,Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Marcus Dahlquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Persson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service, Rome, Italy
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
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118
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Rathankumar AK, Saikia K, Cabana H, Kumar VV. Surfactant-aided mycoremediation of soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112926. [PMID: 35149109 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of persistent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil has become a major challenge in recent years. Further, conventional application of bioaugmentation strategies for PAHs remediation require continuous supply of microbial specific nutrients, which makes these processes less feasible. Hence, the present study focused on PAHs remediation using surfactants along with wood assisted fungal system in a microcosm set up. In this study, in absence of surfactants, a saturation in PAHs degradation was noted in bioaugmentation with wood assisted fungal system (BAW) with 61 ± 1.25% degradation, followed by bioaugmentation with free fungi system (BAF) (54 ± 0.46%). However, with addition of 1500 mg/L of surface-active compounds (SAC), a maximum PAHs degradation in BAW (100%) and BAF (86 ± 1.30%) strategies were noted on 21st day. Irrespective of the strategies, presence of SAC and rhamnolipids enhanced PAHs degradation by increasing the enzymes production in Trametes hirsuta when compared to Triton x-100 and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). Among the detected PAHs, 100% degradation within 17 days was noted for naphthalene and acenaphthene in SAC-supplemented BAW system. Further, ecotoxicity analysis established showed the LC50 of sediment soil at 26.5 ± 0.24%, which was reduced by an average of 71% after soil remediation. Hence, the current microcosm system proved that the application of SAC with BAW enhanced the PAHs remediation rate, which supports its application in real time soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiram Karanam Rathankumar
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
| | - Kongkona Saikia
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India; Department of Biochemistry, FASH, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 021, India
| | - Hubert Cabana
- Laboratoire de Génie de L'environnement, Faculté de Génie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boul. de L'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Vaidyanathan Vinoth Kumar
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
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119
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Kahraman AC, Sivri N. Comparison of metropolitan cities for mortality rates attributed to ambient air pollution using the AirQ model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43034-43047. [PMID: 35091944 PMCID: PMC8799408 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the air pollution dynamics of the metropolitan cities of Balıkesir, Bursa, Istanbul, Kocaeli, Sakarya and Tekirdağ in the Marmara Region, which is the geographical region with the highest urban and industrial activity in Turkey, were examined for the time period between 2016 and 2019. Annual changes in the cities in terms of air pollution, which was examined with a focus on the PM2.5 parameter as indicated by United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); differences in the cities by years; and the seasonal changes in air pollution in the cities were investigated. Additionally, mortality rates attributed to air pollution were calculated with the AirQ + software based on integrated exposure-response function recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the UN using city-scale statistics of fatal disease cases that can be attributed to air pollution. It was determined that all cities in the Marmara Region study area exceeded the limit PM2.5 values specified by the European Union (EU) in the years 2016, 2017 and 2018 while only Kocaeli and Tekirdağ were below the limit values in 2019. The limit values specified by the WHO were exceeded in all cities in each year. A total of 46,920 premature deaths attributed to the exceedance of WHO limit values were calculated for the years 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 with 11,895, 13,853, 11,748 and 9,429, respectively. Determining national limit values for the PM2.5 parameter, which is among the most important factors of air pollution, and monitoring it in a sustainable manner using a sufficient number of well-equipped stations is of great importance. This way, national, regional and urban action plans regarding the impact of air pollution on human health, as indicated by UN SDGs, can be prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Cihat Kahraman
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa (IUC), 34320, Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nüket Sivri
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, IUC, 34320, Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey
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120
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Li N, Ma J, Ji K, Wang L. Association of PM2.5 and PM10 with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at lag0 to lag7: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. COPD 2022; 19:243-254. [PMID: 35616887 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2022.2070062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate whether short-term exposure to fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10) particulate matter was associated with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) hospitalization, emergency room visit, and outpatient visit at different lag values. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant papers published up to March 2021. For studies reporting results per 1-µg/m3 increase in PM2.5, the results were recalculated as per 10-µg/m3 increase. We manually calculated the RRs for these two studies and transferred the RRs to estimate 10 µg/m3 increases in PM2.5. Automation tools were initially used to remove ineligible studies. Two reviewers independently screened the remaining records and retrieved reports. Twenty-six studies (28 datasets; 7,018,419 patients) were included. There was a significant association between PM2.5 and AECOPD events on lag0 (ES = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.01-1.02, p < 0.001; I2=88.6%, Pheterogeneity<0.001), lag1 (ES = 1.00, 95%CI: 1.00-1.01, p < 0.001; I2=82.5%, Pheterogeneity<0.001), lag2 (ES = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.01-1.01, p < 0.001; I2=90.6%, Pheterogeneity<0.001), lag3 (ES = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00-1.01, p < 0.001; I2=88.9%, Pheterogeneity<0.001), lag4 (ES = 1.00, 95%CI: 1.00-1.01, p < 0.001; I2=83.7%, Pheterogeneity<0.001), and lag7 (ES = 1.00, 95%CI: 1.00-1.00, p < 0.001; I2=0.0%, Pheterogeneity=0.743). The subgroup analyses showed that PM2.5 influenced the rates of hospitalization, emergency room visits, and outpatient visits. Similar trends were observed with PM10. The risk of AECOPD events (hospitalization, emergency room visit, and outpatient visit) was significantly increased with a 10-µg/m3 increment in PM2.5 and PM10 from lag0 to lag7.List Of Abbreviations: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10); acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD); Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA); Effect sizes [48]; confidence intervals (CIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Niuniu Li
- Department of Respiration, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianling Ma
- Department of Respiration, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Ji
- Department of Respiration, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Wang
- Department of Respiration, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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121
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Ultrafine Diesel Exhaust Particles Induce Apoptosis of Oligodendrocytes by Increasing Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species through NADPH Oxidase Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11051031. [PMID: 35624895 PMCID: PMC9137819 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11051031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are a main contributor to air pollution. Ultrafine DEPs can cause neurodegenerative diseases by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared with other cells in the brain, oligodendrocytes responsible for myelination are more susceptible to oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms underlying ROS generation in oligodendrocytes and the susceptibility of oligodendrocytes to ROS by ultrafine DEPs remain unclear. Herein, we examined the effects of excessive ROS generated by NOX2, an isoform of the NADPH oxidase family, after exposure to ultrafine DEPs (200 μg/mL) on the survival of two types of oligodendrocytes—oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and mature oligodendrocytes (mOLs)––isolated from the brain of neonatal rats. In addition, mice were exposed to ultrafine DEP suspension (20 μL, 0.4 mg/mL) via the nasal route for 1 week, after which the expression of NOX2 and cleaved caspase-3 was examined in the white matter of the cerebellum. Exposure to DEPs significantly increased NOX2 expression and ROS generation in OPCs and mOLs. OPCs and mOLs clearly exhibited viability reduction, and a significant change in p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 expression, after DEP exposure. In contrast, treatment with berberine (BBR), an NOX2 inhibitor, significantly mitigated these effects. In mice exposed to DEP, the presence of NOX2-positive and cleaved caspase-3-positive oligodendrocytes was demonstrated in the cerebellar white matter; NOX2 and cleaved caspase-3 expression in the cerebellum lysates was significantly increased. BBR treatment returned expression of these proteins to control levels. These results demonstrate that the susceptibility of OPCs and mOLs to ultrafine DEPs is, at least in part, caused by excessive ROS produced by NOX2 and the sequential changes in the expression of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3. Overall, NOX2 inhibitor enhances the survival of two types of oligodendrocytes.
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122
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Neo EX, Hasikin K, Mokhtar MI, Lai KW, Azizan MM, Razak SA, Hizaddin HF. Towards Integrated Air Pollution Monitoring and Health Impact Assessment Using Federated Learning: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2022; 10:851553. [PMID: 35664109 PMCID: PMC9160600 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.851553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental issues such as environmental pollutions and climate change are the impacts of globalization and become debatable issues among academics and industry key players. One of the environmental issues which is air pollution has been catching attention among industrialists, researchers, and communities around the world. However, it has always neglected until the impacts on human health become worse, and at times, irreversible. Human exposure to air pollutant such as particulate matters, sulfur dioxide, ozone and carbon monoxide contributed to adverse health hazards which result in respiratory diseases, cardiorespiratory diseases, cancers, and worst, can lead to death. This has led to a spike increase of hospitalization and emergency department visits especially at areas with worse pollution cases that seriously impacting human life and health. To address this alarming issue, a predictive model of air pollution is crucial in assessing the impacts of health due to air pollution. It is also critical in predicting the air quality index when assessing the risk contributed by air pollutant exposure. Hence, this systemic review explores the existing studies on anticipating air quality impact to human health using the advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI). From the extensive review, we highlighted research gaps in this field that are worth to inquire. Our study proposes to develop an AI-based integrated environmental and health impact assessment system using federated learning. This is specifically aims to identify the association of health impact and pollution based on socio-economic activities and predict the Air Quality Index (AQI) for impact assessment. The output of the system will be utilized for hospitals and healthcare services management and planning. The proposed solution is expected to accommodate the needs of the critical and prioritization of sensitive group of publics during pollution seasons. Our finding will bring positive impacts to the society in terms of improved healthcare services quality, environmental and health sustainability. The findings are beneficial to local authorities either in healthcare or environmental monitoring institutions especially in the developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Xin Neo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairunnisa Hasikin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center of Image and Signal Processing (CISIP), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Istajib Mokhtar
- Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khin Wee Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Mokhzaini Azizan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Abdul Razak
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanee Farzana Hizaddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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123
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Gäbel P, Koller C, Hertig E. Development of Air Quality Boxes Based on Low-Cost Sensor Technology for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22103830. [PMID: 35632239 PMCID: PMC9144299 DOI: 10.3390/s22103830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Analyses of the relationships between climate, air substances and health usually concentrate on urban environments because of increased urban temperatures, high levels of air pollution and the exposure of a large number of people compared to rural environments. Ongoing urbanization, demographic ageing and climate change lead to an increased vulnerability with respect to climate-related extremes and air pollution. However, systematic analyses of the specific local-scale characteristics of health-relevant atmospheric conditions and compositions in urban environments are still scarce because of the lack of high-resolution monitoring networks. In recent years, low-cost sensors (LCS) became available, which potentially provide the opportunity to monitor atmospheric conditions with a high spatial resolution and which allow monitoring directly at vulnerable people. In this study, we present the atmospheric exposure low-cost monitoring (AELCM) system for several air substances like ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulate matter, as well as meteorological variables developed by our research group. The measurement equipment is calibrated using multiple linear regression and extensively tested based on a field evaluation approach at an urban background site using the high-quality measurement unit, the atmospheric exposure monitoring station (AEMS) for meteorology and air substances, of our research group. The field evaluation took place over a time span of 4 to 8 months. The electrochemical ozone sensors (SPEC DGS-O3: R2: 0.71-0.95, RMSE: 3.31-7.79 ppb) and particulate matter sensors (SPS30 PM1/PM2.5: R2: 0.96-0.97/0.90-0.94, RMSE: 0.77-1.07 µg/m3/1.27-1.96 µg/m3) showed the best performances at the urban background site, while the other sensors underperformed tremendously (SPEC DGS-NO2, SPEC DGS-CO, MQ131, MiCS-2714 and MiCS-4514). The results of our study show that meaningful local-scale measurements are possible with the former sensors deployed in an AELCM unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gäbel
- Regional Climate Change and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Christian Koller
- Faculty of Design, Hochschule München, Lothstraße 34, 80335 Munich, Germany;
| | - Elke Hertig
- Regional Climate Change and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 2, 86159 Augsburg, Germany;
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Heo S, Son JY, Lim CC, Fong KC, Choi HM, Hernandez-Ramirez RU, Nyhan K, Dhillon PK, Kapoor S, Prabhakaran D, Spiegelman D, Bell ML. Effect modification by sex for associations of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) with cardiovascular mortality, hospitalization, and emergency room visits: systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS : ERL [WEB SITE] 2022; 17:053006. [PMID: 35662857 PMCID: PMC9162078 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac6cfb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter no larger than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) has been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) but evidence for vulnerability by sex remains unclear. We performed systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the state of scientific evidence on whether cardiovascular risks from PM2.5 differ for men compared to women. The databases Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, and GreenFILE were searched for studies published Jan. 1995 to Feb. 2020. Observational studies conducting subgroup analysis by sex for impacts of short-term or long-term exposure to PM2.5 on target CVDs were included. Data were independently extracted in duplicate and pooled with random-effects meta-regression. Risk ratios (RRs) for long-term exposure and percent changes in outcomes for short-term exposure were calculated per 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 increase. Quality of evidence of risk differences by sex was rated following Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). A total of 12,502 articles were screened, with 61 meeting inclusion criteria. An additional 32 studies were added from citation chaining. RRs of all CVD mortality for long-term PM2.5 for men and women were the same (1.14; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.22) indicating no statistically different risks. Men and women did not have statistically different risks of daily CVD mortality, hospitalizations from all CVD, ischemic heart disease, cardiac arrest, acute myocardial infarction, and heart failure from short-term PM2.5 exposure (difference in % change in risk per 10 μg/m3 PM2.5: 0.04 (95% CI, -0.42 to 0.51); -0.05 (-0.47 to 0.38); 0.17 (-0.90, 1.24); 1.42 (-1.06, 3.97); 1.33 (-0.05, 2.73); and -0.48 (-1.94, 1.01), respectively). Analysis using GRADE found low or very low quality of evidence for sex differences for PM2.5-CVD risks. In conclusion, this meta-analysis and quality of evidence assessment of current observational studies found very limited evidence of the effect modification by sex for effects of PM2.5 on CVD outcomes in adults, which can inform clinical approaches and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulkee Heo
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Ji-Young Son
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Chris C Lim
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Community, Environment & Policy Department, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Kelvin C Fong
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Hayon Michelle Choi
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Raul U Hernandez-Ramirez
- Center for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Harvey Cushing / John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | | | | | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Donna Spiegelman
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Michelle L Bell
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
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125
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Unveiling the Toxicity of Fine and Nano-Sized Airborne Particles Generated from Industrial Thermal Spraying Processes in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084278. [PMID: 35457096 PMCID: PMC9025379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-energy industrial processes have been associated with particle release into workplace air that can adversely affect workers’ health. The present study assessed the toxicity of incidental fine (PGFP) and nanoparticles (PGNP) emitted from atmospheric plasma (APS) and high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate (WST-1) metabolisation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, cell cycle changes, histone H2AX phosphorylation (γ-H2AX) and DNA damage were evaluated in human alveolar epithelial cells at 24 h after exposure. Overall, HVOF particles were the most cytotoxic to human alveolar cells, with cell viability half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 20.18 µg/cm2 and 1.79 µg/cm2 for PGFP and PGNP, respectively. Only the highest tested concentration of APS-PGFP caused a slight decrease in cell viability. Particle uptake, cell cycle arrest at S + G2/M and γ-H2AX augmentation were observed after exposure to all tested particles. However, higher levels of γ-H2AX were found in cells exposed to APS-derived particles (~16%), while cells exposed to HVOF particles exhibited increased levels of oxidative damage (~17% tail intensity) and ROS (~184%). Accordingly, APS and HVOF particles seem to exert their genotoxic effects by different mechanisms, highlighting that the health risks of these process-generated particles at industrial settings should not be underestimated.
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126
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Sivakumar B, Kurian GA. PM 2.5 Exposure Lowers Mitochondrial Endurance During Cardiac Recovery in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:545-557. [PMID: 35404004 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have reported the negative effect of PM2.5 exposure on heart function which is likely to impair postcardiac surgery rehabilitation that is involved in recovery and wound healing, yet the direct effects of PM2.5 from diesel exhaust (DPM) on cardiac recovery is unknown. To study the impact of DPM on cardiac recovery and repair, we utilized isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction (MI) model where female rats were exposed to DPM prior and after MI induction. The experimental groups comprise of normal, ISO control, DPM control (42 days of exposure), DPM exposed prior (21 days) and after (21 days) MI induction (D + I + D) and DPM exposed (21 days) after MI (I + D). Post-MI rat hearts from D + I + D group exhibited higher fibrosis, elevated cardiac injury and altered electrophysiology, where this pathology was also observed in I + D group animals which was mild. Loss of mitochondrial quality was evident in DPM exposed animals with and without MI, where severe mitochondrial damage persisted in D + I + D group. In addition, these animals showed striking decline in ETC enzyme activity, ATP levels, mitochondrial copy number and down regulation of PGC1-α, TFAM and POLG along with the genes involved in mitophagy and mitofusion. Besides, the MI associated inactivation of cardio protective signalling pathways like PI3K and Akt were persistent in D + I + D group. In fact, I + D group animals also showed a similar pattern of change, but in a mild form. Taken together, exposure to PM2.5 increases the risk, frequency or progression of MI by impairing the recovery potential of the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Sivakumar
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India. .,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India.
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127
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Yousefi H, Lak E, Mohammadi MJ, Shahriyari HA. Carcinogenic Risk Assessment among Children and Adult due to Exposure to Toxic Air Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23015-23025. [PMID: 34797534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Health endpoint and risk of carcinogenic among people enhancement due to Exposures to toxic air pollutants. The purpose of this study was investigation of a carcinogenic risk assessment among children and adults due to exposure to toxic pollutants. A review study of literature was performed with seven hundred and twenty-six articles were retrieved based on Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer databases. Studies reporting data on predetermined consequences potential toxic air pollutants and related to lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and hazard quotient (HQ) were used to assess carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. The literature signs a notable undesirable affect from potential toxic air pollutants related to carcinogenic risk assessment among children and adult. Based on Result this study, the toxic air pollutants can endanger health of children and adult exposure to this pollutant and increase lifetime cancer risk number and carcinogenic risk among exposed people. Useful for health policymaker in order to cope with the incidence of cancer among citizenship Can be the main application the results of this study. Increasing the level of public awareness, especially of sensitive groups, about the incidence of cancer and its important factors and reduce exposures to toxic air pollutants are the main vital government actions for decrease the prevalence of cancer. Further research using more sophisticated methodology is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homayon Yousefi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research center, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elena Lak
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health AND Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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128
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Marc-Derrien Y, Gren L, Dierschke K, Albin M, Gudmundsson A, Wierzbicka A, Sandberg F. Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil Exhaust. Front Physiol 2022; 13:828311. [PMID: 35350690 PMCID: PMC8957941 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.828311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient air pollution is recognized as a key risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality contributing to the global disease burden. The use of renewable diesel fuels, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), have increased in recent years and its impact on human health are not completely known. The present study investigated changes in cardiovascular tone in response to exposure to diluted HVO exhaust. The study participants, 19 healthy volunteers, were exposed in a chamber on four separate occasions for 3 h and in a randomized order to: (1) HVO exhaust from a wheel loader without exhaust aftertreatment, (2) HVO exhaust from a wheel loader with an aftertreatment system, (3) clean air enriched with dry NaCl salt particles, and (4) clean air. Synchronized electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals were recorded throughout the exposure sessions. Pulse decomposition analysis (PDA) was applied to characterize PPG pulse morphology, and heart rate variability (HRV) indexes as well as pulse transit time (PTT) indexes were computed. Relative changes of PDA features, HRV features and PTT features at 1, 2, and 3 h after onset of the exposure was obtained for each participant and exposure session. The PDA index A13, reflecting vascular compliance, increased significantly in both HVO exposure sessions but not in the clean air or NaCl exposure sessions. However, the individual variation was large and the differences between exposure sessions were not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise Gren
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Katrin Dierschke
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Aneta Wierzbicka
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Frida Sandberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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129
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Siregar S, Idiawati N, Pan WC, Yu KP. Association between satellite-based estimates of long-term PM 2.5 exposure and cardiovascular disease: evidence from the Indonesian Family Life Survey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:21156-21165. [PMID: 34750763 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter with a diameter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading cause of both morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, accounting for one-third of all deaths. Indonesian authorities started to monitor PM2.5 levels in urban areas in 2015. However, there is still no study examining the association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and CVD in Indonesia. In this study, we combined PM2.5 data and health survey data. Long-term (2000-2007) exposure to PM2.5 was measured based on satellite-derived aerosol optical depth measurements (1 × 1 km2) that could be used to predict ground-level PM2.5 concentrations. Population data on residents of Sumatra Island were obtained from the fourth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). A cross-sectional study was performed with 2324 participants who were aged ≥ 40 years old, and a report of doctor-diagnosed CVD determined CVD status. We used logistic regression to analyze the association between PM2.5 and CVD prevalence, adjusting for multiple covariates. Of the sample, 52.1% were women, and 47.9% were men. The sample was divided into those aged 40-59 (adults) and those ≥ 60 (older adults). The CVD prevalence was 4.05% (n = 94), with a mean (standard deviation) PM2.5 concentration of 14.4 (6.4) µg/m3. In adjusted models, a 10-µg/m3 increase in annual average PM2.5 levels was associated with 29% higher odds of having CVD (odds ratio = 1.29; 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.47). In this population-based IFLS data, long-term exposure to PM2.5 is associated with a higher prevalence of CVD in Sumatera, Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepridawati Siregar
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Mineral Technology, AKPRIND Institute of Science & Technology, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nora Idiawati
- Faculty of Math and Science, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, Indonesia
| | - Wen-Chi Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Pin Yu
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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130
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Khoshkam Z, Habibi-Rezaei M, Hassanvand MS, Aftabi Y, Seyedrezazadeh E, Amiri-Sadeghan A, Zarredar H, Roshangar L, Gholampour A, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. The oxidative and neurotoxic potentials of the ambient PM 2.5 extracts: The efficient multi-solvent extraction method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152291. [PMID: 34902406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of ambient air particulate matter with a diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) on the central nervous system are well known and the induced oxidative stress has been shown as their main neuropathologic outcome. Ambient air PM2.5 sampling methods mostly use air sampler systems that collect PM2.5 on filters, which is followed by a PM2.5 extraction approach. Inefficient extraction may lead to compositional bias and unreal interpretation of the results. This study aimed to compare our proposed multi-solvent extraction (MSE) approach for PM2.5 extraction with a conventional aqueous extraction (AqE) method using the analysis of oxidative effects and cytotoxicity in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Ambient PM2.5 samples were collected from an urban traffic location in Tehran city, the capital of Iran, using a high-volume sampler. The developed MSE method was proved to have superior advantages over the AqE method including an increased extraction efficiency (as much as 96 against 48% for PMms and PMaq, respectively), and decreased artifacts and compositional biases. Ambient PM2.5, besides PMms and PMaq were analyzed for water-soluble ions, metals, and major elements. Dithiothreitol, ascorbic acid, lipid peroxidation, and cell viability assays on SH-SY5Y cells represented the significantly higher oxidative potential for PMms compared to PMaq. The increased cytotoxicity may occur because of the increased oxidative potential of PMms and possibly is associated with higher efficiency of the MSE over the AqE method for removal of total redox-active PM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khoshkam
- College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
- College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Center of Excellence in NanoBiomedicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Aftabi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ensiyeh Seyedrezazadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Amiri-Sadeghan
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Habib Zarredar
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Gholampour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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131
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You Y, Wang D, Liu J, Chen Y, Ma X, Li W. Physical Exercise in the Context of Air Pollution: An Emerging Research Topic. Front Physiol 2022; 13:784705. [PMID: 35295574 PMCID: PMC8918627 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.784705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise (PE) brings physiological benefits to human health; paradoxically, exposure to air pollution (AP) is harmful. Hence, the combined effects of AP and PE are interesting issues worth exploring. The objective of this study is to review literature involved in AP-PE fields to perform a knowledge-map analysis and explore the collaborations, current hotspots, physiological applications, and future perspectives. Herein, cluster, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis were applied using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. The results demonstrated that AP-PE domains have been springing up and in rapid growth since the 21st century. Subsequently, active countries and institutions were identified, and the productive institutions were mainly located in USA, China, UK, Spain, and Canada. Developed countries seemed to be the major promoters. Additionally, subject analysis found that environmental science, public health, and sports medicine were the core subjects, and multidimensional communications were forming. Thereafter, a holistic presentation of reference co-citation clusters was conducted to discover the research topics and trace the development focuses. Youth, elite athletes, and rural population were regarded as the noteworthy subjects. Commuter exposure and moderate aerobic exercise represented the common research context and exercise strategy, respectively. Simultaneously, the research hotspots and application fields were elaborated by keyword co-occurrence distribution. It was noted that physiological adaptations including respiratory, cardiovascular, metabolic, and mental health were the major themes; oxidative stress and inflammatory response were the mostly referred mechanisms. Finally, several challenges were proposed, which are beneficial to promote the development of the research field. Molecular mechanisms and specific pathways are still unknown and the equilibrium points and dose-effect relationships remain to be further explored. We are highly confident that this study provides a unique perspective to systematically and comprehensively review the pieces of AP-PE research and its related physiological mechanisms for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dizhi Wang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxiu Liu
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuquan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xindong Ma
| | - Wenkai Li
- China Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Wenkai Li
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Hisamuddin NH, Jalaludin J, Abu Bakar S, Latif MT. The Influence of Environmental Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure on DNA Damage among School Children in Urban Traffic Area, Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042193. [PMID: 35206377 PMCID: PMC8872109 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between particulate PAHs exposure and DNA damage in Malaysian schoolchildren in heavy traffic (HT) and low traffic (LT) areas. PAH samples at eight schools were collected using a low volume sampler for 24 h and quantified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Two hundred and twenty-eight buccal cells of children were assessed for DNA damage using Comet Assay. Monte-Carlo simulation was performed to determine incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and to check the uncertainty and sensitivity of the estimated risk. Total PAH concentrations in the schools in HT area were higher than LT area ranging from 4.4 to 5.76 ng m-3 and 1.36 to 3.79 ng m-3, respectively. The source diagnostic ratio showed that PAHs in the HT area is pyrogenic, mainly from diesel emission. The 95th percentile of the ILCR for children in HT and LT area were 2.80 × 10-7 and 1.43 × 10-7, respectively. The degree of DNA damage was significantly more severe in children in the HT group compared to LT group. This study shows that total indoor PAH exposure was the most significant factor that influenced the DNA damage among children. Further investigation of the relationship between PAH exposure and genomic integrity in children is required to shed additional light on potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Hazirah Hisamuddin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Suhaili Abu Bakar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia;
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Tempol Preserves Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Male Mice with Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020327. [PMID: 35203535 PMCID: PMC8869086 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure associates with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Major sex differences between males and females exist in epidemiology, pathophysiology, and outcome of CVDs. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a vital role in the development and progression of CVDs. PM exposure-induced reduction of EPCs is observed in male, not female, mice with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress. The lung is considered an important source of ROS in mice with PM exposure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sex differences in pulmonary superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression and ROS production, and to test the effect of SOD mimic Tempol on the populations of EPCs in mice with PM exposure. Both male and female C57BL/6 mice (8–10 weeks) were exposed to intranasal PM or vehicle for 6 weeks. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that PM exposure significantly decreased the levels of EPCs (CD34+/CD133+) in both blood and bone marrow with increased ROS production in males, but not in females. ELISA analysis showed higher levels of serum IL-6 and IL-1βin males than in females. Pulmonary expression of the antioxidant enzyme SOD1 was significantly decreased in males after PM exposure, but not in females. Administration of the SOD mimic Tempol in male mice with PM exposure attenuated the production of ROS and inflammatory cytokines, and preserved EPC levels. These data indicated that PM exposure-induced reduction of EPC population in male mice may be due to decreased expression of pulmonary SOD1 in male mice.
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Sun H, Li Y, Zhang J, Shi T, Li X, Cao X, Wang T, Kong N, Pang Y, Bold T, Zheng Y, Zhang R, Tang J. Platelet Mitochondrial DNA Methylation as Epigenetic Biomarker of Short-Term Air Pollution Exposure in Healthy Subjects. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:803488. [PMID: 35127821 PMCID: PMC8809460 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.803488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution exposure is now considered a growing concern for global public health. RNA or DNA methylation changes caused by air pollution may be related to the development of cardiovascular disease. To investigate the early biomarkers of air pollution exposure, a panel study of eight college students recorded after a business trip from Qingdao to Shijiazhuang and back to Qingdao was performed in this work. The concentration of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO in Shijiazhuang was higher than that in Qingdao during the study period. The platelet count was positively correlated with air pollutants of 0–6 day moving averages (βPM2.5 = 88.90; βPM10 = 61.83; βSO2 = 41.13; βNO2 = 57.70; βCO = 62.99, respectively, for an IQR increased). Additionally, internal dose biomarkers 2-OHNa, 1-OHNa, 2-OHFlu, 2,3-OHPhe, and ∑PAHs were also significantly associated with platelet count in participants. Furthermore, PM2.5 and PM10 are positively linked with methylation of one CpG site at platelet mitochondrial gene CO2 (PM2.5 = 0.47; PM10 = 0.25, respectively, for an IQR increase). Both platelet counts and methylation levels returned to their pre-exposure levels after leaving the highly contaminated area. In short, this study investigated the relationship between platelet properties and air pollution exposure, revealing that short-term exposure to air pollution might increase the risk of thrombosis. Our research suggests that platelet count and mitochondrial DNA methylation of mtCO2 site 2 in platelets from healthy adults may be the novel biomarker for acute exposure to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanting Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Teng Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Kong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tsendmaa Bold
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Zhang, ; Jinglong Tang,
| | - Jinglong Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Zhang, ; Jinglong Tang,
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135
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Murata H, Barnhill LM, Bronstein JM. Air Pollution and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Review. Mov Disord 2022; 37:894-904. [PMID: 35043999 PMCID: PMC9119911 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease, as well as other neurodegenerative disorders, are primarily characterized by pathological accumulation of proteins, inflammation, and neuron loss. Although there are some known genetic risk factors, most cases cannot be explained by genetics alone. Therefore, it is important to determine the environmental factors that confer risk and the mechanisms by which they act. Recent epidemiological studies have found that exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk for development of Parkinson's disease, although not all results are uniform. The variability between these studies is likely due to differences in what components of air pollution are measured, timing and methods used to determine exposures, and correction for other variables. There are several potential mechanisms by which air pollution could act to increase the risk for development of Parkinson's disease, including direct neuronal toxicity, induction of systemic inflammation leading to central nervous system inflammation, and alterations in gut physiology and the microbiome. Taken together, air pollution is an emerging risk factor in the development of Parkinson's disease. A number of potential mechanisms have been implicated by which it promotes neuropathology providing biological plausibility, and these mechanisms are likely relevant to the development of other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. This field is in its early stages, but a better understanding of how environmental exposures influence the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration is essential for reducing the incidence of disease and finding disease-modifying therapies. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Murata
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Toxicology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lisa M Barnhill
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Toxicology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeff M Bronstein
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Toxicology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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136
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Revisiting Total Particle Number Measurements for Vehicle Exhaust Regulations. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Road transport significantly contributes to air pollution in cities. Emission regulations have led to significantly reduced emissions in modern vehicles. Particle emissions are controlled by a particulate matter (PM) mass and a solid particle number (SPN) limit. There are concerns that the SPN limit does not effectively control all relevant particulate species and there are instances of semi-volatile particle emissions that are order of magnitudes higher than the SPN emission levels. This overview discusses whether a new metric (total particles, i.e., solids and volatiles) should be introduced for the effective regulation of vehicle emissions. Initially, it summarizes recent findings on the contribution of road transport to particle number concentration levels in cities. Then, both solid and total particle emission levels from modern vehicles are presented and the adverse health effects of solid and volatile particles are briefly discussed. Finally, the open issues regarding an appropriate methodology (sampling and instrumentation) in order to achieve representative and reproducible results are summarized. The main finding of this overview is that, even though total particle sampling and quantification is feasible, details for its realization in a regulatory context are lacking. It is important to define the methodology details (sampling and dilution, measurement instrumentation, relevant sizes, etc.) and conduct inter-laboratory exercises to determine the reproducibility of a proposed method. It is also necessary to monitor the vehicle emissions according to the new method to understand current and possible future levels. With better understanding of the instances of formation of nucleation mode particles it will be possible to identify its culprits (e.g., fuel, lubricant, combustion, or aftertreatment operation). Then the appropriate solutions can be enforced and the right decisions can be taken on the need for new regulatory initiatives, for example the addition of total particles in the tailpipe, decrease of specific organic precursors, better control of inorganic precursors (e.g., NH3, SOx), or revision of fuel and lubricant specifications.
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137
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Assessment of the Feasibility of Energy Transformation Processes in European Union Member States. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15020661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The energy transition is now treated in most countries as a necessary condition for their long-term development. The process of energy transformation assumes the simultaneous implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, which are a major challenge for modern economies and introduce significant restrictions in their functioning. Our study aims to group EU member states according to their ability to achieve energy transition over time. The novelty of our approach is the assessment of energy transformation in the European Union through two aspects. The first one, “smart and efficient energy systems”, assess the current, widely understood energy consumption in economy, and the second one, “macroeconomic heterogeneity”, refers to the economic potential of a country. In our analysis, we included indicators from the 7th, 8th, 10th, 11th, and 12th Sustainable Development Goals. Using taxonomic methods, we created clusters of countries according to the emissivity of their economies and the socio-economic potential for the energy transition. The analysis results revealed that countries vary more due to their emissivity than economic potential.
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138
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Jung I, Park M, Jeong MH, Park K, Kim WH, Kim GY. Transcriptional analysis of gasoline engine exhaust particulate matter 2.5-exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells reveals the different gene expression patterns related to the cardiovascular diseases. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 29:101190. [PMID: 34988296 PMCID: PMC8695280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) causes several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Previous studies compared the gene expression patterns in airway epithelial cells and keratinocytes exposed to PM. However, analysis of differentially expressed gene (DEGs) in endothelial cells exposed to PM2.5 (diameter less than 2.5 μm) from fossil fuel combustion has been limited. Here, we exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to PM2.5 from combustion of gasoline, performed RNA-seq analysis, and identified DEGs. Exposure to the IC50 concentrations of gasoline engine exhaust PM2.5 (GPM) for 24 h yielded 1081 (up-regulation: 446, down-regulation: 635) DEGs. The most highly up-regulated gene is NGFR followed by ADM2 and NUPR1. The most highly down-regulated gene is TNFSF10 followed by GDF3 and EDN1. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that GPM regulated genes involved in cardiovascular system development, tube development and circulatory system development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Reactome pathway analyses showed that genes related to cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions and cytokine signaling in the immune system were significantly affected by GPM. We confirmed the RNA-seq data of some highly altered genes by qRT-PCR and showed the induction of NGFR, ADM2 and IL-11 at a protein level, indicating that the observed gene expression patterns were reliable. Given the adverse effects of PM2.5 on CVDs, our findings provide new insight into the importance of several DEGs and pathways in GPM-induced CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inkyo Jung
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhan Park
- School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong-Ho Jeong
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihong Park
- School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Young Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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139
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Olivo CR, Castro TBP, Riane A, Regonha T, Rivero DHRF, Vieira RP, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Lopes FDTQS, Tibério IFLC, Martins MA, Prado CM. The effects of exercise training on the lungs and cardiovascular function of animals exposed to diesel exhaust particles and gases. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111768. [PMID: 34339693 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has been identified as one of the main environmental risks to health. Since exercise training seems to act as an anti-inflammatory modulator, our hypothesis is that exercise training prevents damage to respiratory and cardiovascular function caused by diesel exhaust particle (DEP) exposure. This study aimed to evaluate whether aerobic exercise training prior to DEP exposure prevents inflammatory processes in the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. Therefore, BALB/C male mice were or were not submitted to a 10-week exercise training protocol (5×/week, 1 h/d), and after four weeks, they were exposed to DEP in a chamber with 24 μg/m3 PM2.5 or filtered air. Heart rate variability, lung mechanics and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, cytokines and polymorphonuclear cells in the lung parenchyma were evaluated. Exposure to DEPs reduced heart rate variability and the elastance of the respiratory system and increased the number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes, the density of polymorphonuclear cells and the proportion of collagen fibres in the lung parenchyma. Additionally, DEP-exposed animals showed increased expression of IL-23 and IL-12p40 (proinflammatory cytokines) and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Exercise training avoided the increases in all these inflammatory parameters, except the elastance of the respiratory system, the amount of collagen fibres and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Additionally, trained animals showed increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1ra. Although our data showed a reduction in proinflammatory markers and an increase in markers of the anti-inflammatory pathway, these changes were not sufficient to prevent damage to the lung and cardiovascular function induced by DEPs. Based on these data, we propose that aerobic exercise training prevents the lung inflammatory process induced by DEPs, although it was not sufficient to avoid chronic damage, such as a loss of lung function or cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Olivo
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil; University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Bioscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 11015-020, Brazil.
| | - T B P Castro
- Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Riane
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - T Regonha
- University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - D H R F Rivero
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 05), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R P Vieira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI), Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - B M Saraiva-Romanholo
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil; University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - F D T Q S Lopes
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I F L C Tibério
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Martins
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C M Prado
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Bioscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 11015-020, Brazil
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140
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Shin TH, Kim SG, Ji M, Kwon DH, Hwang JS, George NP, Ergando DS, Park CB, Paik MJ, Lee G. Diesel-derived PM 2.5 induces impairment of cardiac movement followed by mitochondria dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:999475. [PMID: 36246901 PMCID: PMC9554599 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.999475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) in polluted air can be exposed to the human body through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact, accumulating in various organs throughout the body. Organ accumulation of PM is a growing health concern, particularly in the cardiovascular system. PM emissions are formed in the air by solid particles, liquid droplets, and fuel - particularly diesel - combustion. PM2.5 (size < 2.5 μm particle) is a major risk factor for approximately 200,000 premature deaths annually caused by air pollution. This study assessed the deleterious effects of diesel-derived PM2.5 exposure in HL-1 mouse cardiomyocyte cell lines. The PM2.5-induced biological changes, including ultrastructure, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, viability, and intracellular ATP levels, were analyzed. Moreover, we analyzed changes in transcriptomics using RNA sequencing and metabolomics using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in PM2.5-treated HL-1 cells. Ultrastructural analysis using transmission electron microscopy revealed disruption of mitochondrial cristae structures in a PM2.5 dose-dependent manner. The elevation of ROS levels and reduction in cell viability and ATP levels were similarly observed in a PM2.5 dose-dependently. In addition, 6,005 genes were differentially expressed (fold change cut-off ± 4) from a total of 45,777 identified genes, and 20 amino acids (AAs) were differentially expressed (fold change cut-off ± 1.2) from a total of 28 identified AAs profiles. Using bioinformatic analysis with ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software, we found that the changes in the transcriptome and metabolome are highly related to changes in biological functions, including homeostasis of Ca2+, depolarization of mitochondria, the function of mitochondria, synthesis of ATP, and cardiomyopathy. Moreover, an integrated single omics network was constructed by combining the transcriptome and the metabolome. In silico prediction analysis with IPA predicted that upregulation of mitochondria depolarization, ROS generation, cardiomyopathy, suppression of Ca2+ homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and ATP synthesis occurred in PM2.5-treated HL-1 cells. In particular, the cardiac movement of HL-1 was significantly reduced after PM2.5 treatment. In conclusion, our results assessed the harmful effects of PM2.5 on mitochondrial function and analyzed the biological changes related to cardiac movement, which is potentially associated with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hwan Shin
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seok Gi Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Moongi Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Do Hyeon Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ji Su Hwang
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Dube Solomon Ergando
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Chan Bae Park
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Man Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Man Jeong Paik, ; Gwang Lee,
| | - Gwang Lee
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Man Jeong Paik, ; Gwang Lee,
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141
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Jumlongkul A. Low-Cost Air Purifier Prototype Using a Ventilating Fan and Pump Against Haze Pollution. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022; 6:391-399. [PMCID: PMC9391203 DOI: 10.1007/s41810-022-00152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to focus on the design and development of low-cost do-it-yourself (DIY) air purifiers, using a ventilating fan, air pump, water pump, and an ultrasonic generator that can be used during the haze pollution. Six types of household air purifiers were fabricated. The amount of particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels were recorded at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min (min), then, repeated 3 times. After 10 min of the 3rd experiment of each study, the last measurement of air pollution would be recorded. The results showed at 60 min, the high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter and electrostatic fiber was the best technique regarding reduction of PM and CO2 levels. The highest PM reduction rate had occurred at 30 min using an air pump procedure (99.330 to 100%). The CO2 levels of all experiments had fluctuated at different times. After 10 min of a closed machine, PM levels of all air purifier systems were decreased, except HEPA filter and electrostatic fiber types. In conclusion, the best method for reducing particulate matter and cost without taking humidity into account is an air pump technique, whereas the HEPA filter and electrostatic fiber method is the best choice for lowering PM levels without increasing humidity and vapor production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Jumlongkul
- School of Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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Konduracka E, Rostoff P. Links between chronic exposure to outdoor air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2022; 20:2971-2988. [PMID: 35496466 PMCID: PMC9036845 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-022-01450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute exposure to air pollution is associated with an increasing risk of death and cardiovascular disorders. Nonetheless, the impact of chronic exposure to air pollution on the circulatory system is still debated. Here, we review the links of chronic exposure to outdoor air pollution with mortality and most common cardiovascular diseases, in particular during the coronavirus disease 2019 event (COVID-19). We found that recent studies provide robust evidence for a causal effect of chronic exposure to air pollution and cardiovascular mortality. In terms of mortality, the strongest relationship was noted for fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. There is also increasing evidence showing that exposure to air pollution, mainly fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide, is associated with the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, and heart failure. However, available scientific evidence is not strong enough to support associations with cardiac arrhythmias and coagulation disturbances. Noteworthy, for some pollutants, the risk of negative health effects is high for concentrations lower than the limit values recommended by the European Union and Word Health Organization. Efforts to diminish exposure to air pollution and to design optimal methods of air pollution reduction should be urgently intensified and supported by effective legislation and interdisciplinary cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Konduracka
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Rostoff
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
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143
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Damage to Olfactory Organs of Adult Zebrafish Induced by Diesel Particulate Matter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010407. [PMID: 35008830 PMCID: PMC8745429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is an environmental hazard that is associated with various human health risks. The olfactory system is directly exposed to PM; therefore, the influence of PM exposure on olfactory function must be investigated. In this study, we propose a zebrafish olfactory model to evaluate the effects of exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM), which was labeled Korean diesel particulate matter (KDP20). KDP20 comprises heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). KDP20 exposed olfactory organs exhibited reduced cilia and damaged epithelium. Olfactory dysfunction was confirmed using an odor-mediated behavior test. Furthermore, the olfactory damage was analyzed using Alcian blue and anti-calretinin staining. KDP20 exposed olfactory organs exhibited histological damages, such as increased goblet cells, decreased cell density, and calretinin level. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that PAHs exposure related genes (AHR2 and CYP1A) were upregulated. Reactive oxidation stress (ROS) (CAT) and inflammation (IL-1B) related genes were upregulated. Furthermore, olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) related genes (OMP and S100) were downregulated. In conclusion, KDP20 exposure induced dysfunction of the olfactory system. Additionally, the zebrafish olfactory system exhibited a regenerative capacity with recovery conditions. Thus, this model may be used in future investigating PM-related diseases.
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144
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Sivakumar B, Kurian GA. Mitochondria and traffic-related air pollution linked coronary artery calcification: exploring the missing link. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2021; 36:545-563. [PMID: 34821115 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The continuing increase in the exposure to Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) in the general population is predicted to result in a higher incidence of non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease. The chronic exposure of air particulate matter from TRAP upon the vascular system leads to the enhancement of deposition of calcium in the vasculature leading to coronary artery calcification (CAC), triggered by inflammatory reactions and endothelial dysfunction. This calcification forms within the intimal and medial layers of vasculature and the underlying mechanism that connects the trigger from TRAP is not well explored. Several local and systemic factors participate in this active process including inflammatory response, hyperlipidemia, presence of self-programmed death bodies and high calcium-phosphate concentrations. These factors along with the loss of molecules that inhibit calcification and circulating nucleation complexes influence the development of calcification in the vasculature. The loss of defense to prevent osteogenic transition linked to micro organelle dysfunction that includes deteriorated mitochondria, elevated mitochondrial oxidative stress, and defective mitophagy. In this review, we examine the contributory role of mitochondria involved in the mechanism of TRAP linked CAC development. Further we examine whether TRAP is an inducer or trigger for the enhanced progression of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Sivakumar
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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145
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Kumar A, Patel VS, Harding JN, You D, Cormier SA. Exposure to combustion derived particulate matter exacerbates influenza infection in neonatal mice by inhibiting IL22 production. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:43. [PMID: 34906172 PMCID: PMC8670221 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Particulate matter (PM) containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed during various combustion processes, including the thermal remediation of hazardous wastes. Exposure to PM adversely affects respiratory health in infants and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to acute lower respiratory tract infections. We previously reported that early-life exposure to PM damages the lung epithelium and suppresses immune responses to influenza virus (Flu) infection, thereby enhancing Flu severity. Interleukin 22 (IL22) is important in resolving lung injury following Flu infection. In the current study, we determined the effects of PM exposure on pulmonary IL22 responses using our neonatal mouse model of Flu infection. Results Exposure to PM resulted in an immediate (0.5–1-day post-exposure; dpe) increase in IL22 expression in the lungs of C57BL/6 neonatal mice; however, this IL22 expression was not maintained and failed to increase with either continued exposure to PM or subsequent Flu infection of PM-exposed mice. This contrasts with increased IL22 expression in age-matched mice exposed to vehicle and Flu infected. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which mediates the induction and release of IL22 from immune cells, was also transiently increased with PM exposure. The microbiome plays a major role in maintaining epithelial integrity and immune responses by producing various metabolites that act as ligands for AhR. Exposure to PM induced lung microbiota dysbiosis and altered the levels of indole, a microbial metabolite. Treatment with recombinant IL22 or indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A) prevented PM associated lung injury. In addition, I3A treatment also protected against increased mortality in Flu-infected mice exposed to PMs. Conclusions Together, these data suggest that exposure to PMs results in failure to sustain IL22 levels and an inability to induce IL22 upon Flu infection. Insufficient levels of IL22 may be responsible for aberrant epithelial repair and immune responses, leading to increased Flu severity in areas of high PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Vivek S Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Harding
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Dahui You
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stephania A Cormier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. .,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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146
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Lin J, Zheng H, Xia P, Cheng X, Wu W, Li Y, Ma C, Zhu G, Xu T, Zheng Y, Qiu L, Chen L. Long-term ambient PM 2.5 exposure associated with cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese less educated population. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2241. [PMID: 34893063 PMCID: PMC8662859 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution is related to major cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and overweight, but with few studies in high-concentration nations like China so far. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm, PM2.5) and major cardiovascular risk factors in China. METHODS Adult participants with selected biochemical tests were recruited from the Chinese Physiological Constant and Health Condition (CPCHC) survey conducted from 2007 to 2011. Gridded PM2.5 data used were derived from satellite-observed data with adjustment of ground-observed data. District-level PM2.5 data were generated to estimate the association using multivariate logistic regression model and generalized additive model. RESULTS A total of 19,236 participants from the CPCHC survey were included with an average age of 42.8 ± 16.1 years, of which nearly half were male (47.0%). The annual average PM2.5 exposure before the CPCHC survey was 33.4 (14.8-53.4) μg/m3, ranging from 8.0 μg/m3 (Xiwuqi) to 94.7 μg/m3 (Chengdu). Elevated PM2.5 was associated with increased prevalence of hypertension (odds ratio (OR) =1.022, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.001, 1.043) and decreased prevalence of overweight (OR = 0.926, 95%CI: 0.910, 0.942). Education significantly interacted with PM2.5 in association with all the interesting risk factors. Each 10 μg/m3 increment of PM2.5 was associated with increased prevalence of diabetes (OR = 1.118, 95%CI: 1.037, 1.206), hypertension (OR = 1.101, 95%CI: 1.056, 1.147), overweight (OR = 1.071, 95%CI: 1.030, 1.114) in participants with poor education, but not in well-educated population. PM2.5 exposure was negatively associated with hyperlipidemia in all participants (OR = 0.939, 95%CI: 0.921, 0.957). The results were robust in all the sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION Association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular risk factors might be modified by education. PM2.5 was associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and overweight in a less-educated population with time-expose dependency. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 might be associated with a lower prevalence of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Lin
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqi Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chaochao Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjin Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Ningxia People's Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Limeng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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147
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Air pollution impairs endothelial function and blood pressure. Hypertens Res 2021; 45:380-381. [PMID: 34857898 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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148
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Lloret J, Carreño A, Carić H, San J, Fleming LE. Environmental and human health impacts of cruise tourism: A review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 173:112979. [PMID: 34598093 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The intensive growth of cruise tourism worldwide during recent decades is leading to growing concerns over the sector's global environmental and health impacts. This review combines for the first time various sources of information to estimate the magnitude of the cruise industry's environmental and public health footprints. This research shows that cruising, despite technical advances and some surveillance programmes, remains a major source of air, water (fresh and marine) and land pollution affecting fragile habitats, areas and species, and a potential source of physical and mental human health risks. Health risks impact both the people on board (crew and passengers) and on land (workers of shipyards where cruise ships are dismantled and citizens inhabiting cities with cruise ports and shipyards). In this context, we argue that the cruise industry should be held accountable with more monitoring and regulation to prevent or minimize the growing negative environmental and human health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Lloret
- Oceans & Human Health Chair, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Arnau Carreño
- Oceans & Human Health Chair, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Hrvoje Carić
- Institute for Tourism, Vrhovec 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Joan San
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Girona, c/ Emili Grahit, 77, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lora E Fleming
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Cornwall TR1 3HD, UK.
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149
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Short-Term Cumulative Exposure to Ambient Traffic-Related Black Carbon and Blood Pressure: MMDA Traffic Enforcers' Health Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212122. [PMID: 34831878 PMCID: PMC8619089 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution is linked with acute alterations in blood pressure (BP). We examined the cumulative short-term effect of black carbon (BC) exposure on systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP and assessed effect modification by participant characteristics. SBP and DBP were repeatedly measured on 152 traffic enforcers. Using a linear mixed-effects model with random intercepts, quadratic (QCDL) and cubic (CCDL) constrained distributed lag models were fitted to estimate the cumulative effect of BC concentration on SBP and DBP during the 10 hours (daily exposure) and 7 days (weekly exposure) before the BP measurement. Ambient BC was related to increased BP with QCDL models. An interquartile range change in BC cumulative during the 7 days before the BP measurement was associated with increased BP (1.2% change in mean SBP, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1 to 2.3; and 0.5% change in mean DBP, 95% CI, −0.8 to 1.7). Moreover, the association between the 10-h cumulative BC exposure and SBP was stronger for female (4.0% change, 95% CI: 2.1–5.9) versus male and for obese (2.9% change, 95% CI: 1.0–4.8) vs. non-obese traffic enforcers. Short-term cumulative exposure to ambient traffic-related BC could bring about cardiovascular diseases through mechanisms involving increased BP.
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150
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Zhang S, Lu W, Wei Z, Zhang H. Air Pollution and Cardiac Arrhythmias: From Epidemiological and Clinical Evidences to Cellular Electrophysiological Mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:736151. [PMID: 34778399 PMCID: PMC8581215 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.736151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and kills over 17 million people per year. In the recent decade, growing epidemiological evidence links air pollution and cardiac arrhythmias, suggesting a detrimental influence of air pollution on cardiac electrophysiological functionality. However, the proarrhythmic mechanisms underlying the air pollution-induced cardiac arrhythmias are not fully understood. The purpose of this work is to provide recent advances in air pollution-induced arrhythmias with a comprehensive review of the literature on the common air pollutants and arrhythmias. Six common air pollutants of widespread concern are discussed, namely particulate matter, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone. The epidemiological and clinical reports in recent years are reviewed by pollutant type, and the recently identified mechanisms including both the general pathways and the direct influences of air pollutants on the cellular electrophysiology are summarized. Particularly, this review focuses on the impaired ion channel functionality underlying the air pollution-induced arrhythmias. Alterations of ionic currents directly by the air pollutants, as well as the alterations mediated by intracellular signaling or other more general pathways are reviewed in this work. Finally, areas for future research are suggested to address several remaining scientific questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugang Zhang
- Computational Cardiology Group, College of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Biological Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Weigang Lu
- Computational Cardiology Group, College of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Biological Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zhiqiang Wei
- Computational Cardiology Group, College of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Henggui Zhang
- Biological Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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