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Mielgo-Ayuso J, Valtueña J, Huybrechts I, Breidenassel C, Cuenca-García M, De Henauw S, Stehle P, Kafatos A, Kersting M, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Azzini E, Molnar D, Moreno LA, González-Gross M. Fruit and vegetables consumption is associated with higher vitamin intake and blood vitamin status among European adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:458-467. [PMID: 28120854 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Current research in adults indicates that fruit and vegetable (FAV) consumption increases serum levels of vitamins C, E and folate of β-carotene and reduces homocysteine concentrations. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of FAV consumption on vitamin intakes and their impact on blood vitamin concentrations in European adolescents. SUBJECT/METHODS This multi-center cross-sectional study included 702 (53.7% females) adolescents, aged 12.50-17.49 years, from 10 European cities. Two independent self-administered 24 h dietary recalls were used to estimate the adolescent's diet. The total energy, vitamins and FAV consumption were calculated. Adolescents were categorized into three groups: (i) very low FAV intake (<200 g/day); (ii) low FAV consumption (200-399 g/day) and (iii) adequate FAV consumption (⩾400 g/day). Adolescent's fasted blood samples were taken for their analysis on vitamin concentrations. RESULTS The main results showed that those adolescents meeting the FAV recommendation, classified as FAV adequate consumers, presented higher intake of energy and some vitamins as B6, total folic acid, C, E and β-carotene compared with FAV very low consumers (P<0.05). Regarding their blood status, male adolescents who had a very low FAV consumption presented lower plasma folate, RBC folate blood concentrations compared with adequate FAV consumers (P<0.05). Female adequate FAV consumers had higher concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), plasma folate, RBC folate, vitamin C, β-carotene and α-tocopherol compared with very low and low consumers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Having a FAV dairy intake above 400 g/day is associated with higher vitamin intake and blood vitamin concentrations, especially for antioxidant and B-vitamins concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mielgo-Ayuso
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Valtueña
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon CEDEX, France
| | - C Breidenassel
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Cuenca-García
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Granada University, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain
| | - S De Henauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Stehle
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Kafatos
- Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Unit, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - M Kersting
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universitaät, Bonn, Germany
| | - K Widhalm
- Department of Pediatrics; Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - E Azzini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Center for Food and Nutrition, Rome 00178, Italy
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- CIBER: CB12/03/30038 Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Garoufi A, Grammatikos EE, Kollias A, Grammatikos E, Stergiou GS, Soldatou A. Associations between obesity, adverse behavioral patterns and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent inhabitants of a Greek island. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2017; 30:445-454. [PMID: 28315850 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2016-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess weight, unhealthy lifestyle habits and their sequelae have become a well-recognized public health problem in most countries. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship of adolescent overweight/obesity with behavioral habits and their association with blood pressure (BP) and lipid profile. METHODS Anthropometric parameters, lifestyle, BP and lipid profile of 736 adolescents were evaluated cross-sectionally. The classifications of normal weight, overweight and obese were based on BMI z-scores. RESULTS About 42.1% of adolescents were overweight/obese, 11.3% were smokers, 33.2% consumed alcohol and 34% reported low activity. Males began smoking earlier, consumed alcohol more often, exercised less and spent more screen time than females. Alcohol consumption was more prevalent among smokers and was associated with higher BP and dyslipidemia. Smokers exercised less intensely and had lower high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) than non-smokers. Obesity was a risk factor for higher BP and dyslipidemia. Longer screen time was associated with higher triglycerides, while intense physical activity with lower systolic BP. CONCLUSIONS Obesity is related to an adverse lipid and BP profile during adolescence. Clustering of hazardous habits was observed, which is known to aggravate the cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Garoufi
- Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens
| | - Evangelos E Grammatikos
- Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens
| | - Anastasios Kollias
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, Third University Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, Athens
| | | | - George S Stergiou
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, Third University Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, Athens
| | - Alexandra Soldatou
- Second Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens
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Iaccarino Idelson P, Scalfi L, Valerio G. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:283-299. [PMID: 28254269 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM A decreased adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) may be related to a rise in chronic non-communicable diseases from childhood onward. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available literature regarding MD adherence in children and adolescents, and focusing, more specifically, on the association of MD adherence with demographic and anthropometric variables, body composition, lifestyle, and diet adequacy. METHODS AND RESULTS A search of scientific literature was carried out on PUBMED, SCOPUS, Clinical Trials Results, Google Scholar, and British Library Inside for studies published in the last 20 years. Fifty-eight papers were finally included according to the following criteria: MD adherence evaluated through a quantifying score or index, age 2-20 years, sample size >200 participants, observational or intervention studies regarding the general population. The KIDMED index was the most widely used scoring system. MD adherence widely varied within the Mediterranean countries for both children and adolescents, with also large differences among various European countries, while few data are available for non-Mediterranean countries. Most of the eligible studies showed that MD adherence was directly associated with physical activity (and possibly with diet adequacy) and inversely with sedentary behavior, while the results for gender, age, socioeconomic status and weight status were not consistent. CONCLUSIONS Further validation of MD indexes in terms of reproducibility and consistency with the MD is needed. At the same time, more prospective cohort and intervention studies may better elucidate the relationships of MD adherence with behavioral and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Iaccarino Idelson
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - L Scalfi
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Valerio
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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104
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Regular breakfast consumption is associated with higher blood vitamin status in adolescents: the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:1393-1404. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016003645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to examine the association between different breakfast consumption patterns and vitamin intakes and blood vitamin concentrations in European adolescents.DesignBreakfast consumption was assessed by a questionnaire. Vitamin intake was calculated from two 24 h recalls. Blood vitamin and total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations were analysed from fasting blood samples.SettingThe European Commission-funded HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study.SubjectsParticipants were 1058 (52·8 % females) European adolescents (aged 12·5–17·5 years) from ten cities.ResultsLower vitamin D and vitamin C concentrations were observed in male and female breakfast skippers than in consumers (P<0·05). Female breakfast consumers presented higher holo-transcobalamin and lower tHcy (P<0·05), while males had higher cobalamin concentrations, compared with skippers (P<0·05). Higher vitamin D and total folate intakes were observed in adolescents who consumed breakfast compared with skippers (P<0·05). Likewise, female consumers had higher intakes of vitamin B6and vitamin E than occasional consumers (P<0·05).ConclusionsRegular breakfast consumption is associated with higher blood vitamin D and cobalamin concentrations in males and with higher vitamin D and holo-transcobalamin and lower tHcy concentrations in females. Moreover, breakfast consumption is associated with high intakes of vitamin D and total folate in both sexes, and with high intakes of vitamin B6and vitamin E in females.
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105
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Jørgensen SE, Jørgensen TS, Aarestrup AK, Due P, Krølner R. Parental involvement and association with adolescents' fruit and vegetable intake at follow-up: Process evaluation results from the multi-component school-based Boost intervention. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:112. [PMID: 27782838 PMCID: PMC5080706 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on the assumption of parental influence on adolescent behavior, multicomponent school-based dietary interventions often include a parental component. The effect of this intervention component is seldom reported and the evidence is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic process evaluation of the parental component and examined whether the leveal of parental involvement in a large multi-component intervention: the Boost study was associated with adolescents' fruit and vegetable (FV) intake at follow-up. METHODS The Boost study was targeting FV intake among 1,175 Danish 7th graders (≈13- year-olds) in the school year 2010/11. The study included a school component: free FV in class and curricular activities; a local community component: fact sheets for sports- and youth clubs; and a parental component: presentation of Boost at a parent-school meeting, 6 newsletters to parents, 3 guided student-parent curricular activities, and a student-parent Boost event. STUDY POPULATION Students whose parent replied to the follow-up survey (n = 347). DATA Questionnaire data from students, parents and teachers at 20 intervention schools. Process evaluation measures: dose delivered, dose received, appreciation and level of parental involvement. Parental involvement was trichotomized into: low/no (0-2 points), medium (3 points) and high (4-6 points). The association between level of parental involvement and self-reported FV intake (24-h recall), was analyzed using multilevel regression analyses. RESULTS The Boost study was presented at a parent-school meeting at all intervention schools. The dose delivered was low to moderate for the three other parental elements. Most parents appreciated the intervention and talked with their child about Boost (83.5 %). High, medium and low parental involvement was found among 30.5 %, 29.6 % and 39.4 % of the students respectively. Parental involvement was highest among women. More men agreed that the parental newsletters provided new information. Students with a medium and high level of parental involvement ate 47.5 and 95.2 g more FV per day compared to students with low level/no parental involvement (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Students with a high level of parental involvement ate significantly more FV at follow-up compared to students with a low level/no parental involvement. Parental involvement in interventions may improve adolescents' FV intake if challenges of implementation can be overcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN11666034 . Registered 06/01/2012. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Ellegård Jørgensen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 2., 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | | | - Anne Kristine Aarestrup
- Intersectoral Research Unit for Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg Hospital, 23 Bispebjerg Bakke, 2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Pernille Due
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 2., 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Rikke Krølner
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 2., 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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Handeland K, Kjellevold M, Wik Markhus M, Eide Graff I, Frøyland L, Lie Ø, Skotheim S, Stormark KM, Dahl L, Øyen J. A Diet Score Assessing Norwegian Adolescents' Adherence to Dietary Recommendations-Development and Test-Retest Reproducibility of the Score. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080467. [PMID: 27483312 PMCID: PMC4997380 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessment of adolescents’ dietary habits is challenging. Reliable instruments to monitor dietary trends are required to promote healthier behaviours in this group. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess adolescents’ adherence to Norwegian dietary recommendations with a diet score and to report results from, and test-retest reliability of, the score. The diet score involved seven food groups and one physical activity indicator, and was applied to answers from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administered twice. Reproducibility of the score was assessed with Cohen’s Kappa (κ statistics) at an interval of three months. The setting was eight lower-secondary schools in Hordaland County, Norway, and subjects were adolescents (n = 472) aged 14–15 years and their caregivers. Results showed that the proportion of adolescents consistently classified by the diet score was 87.6% (κ = 0.465). For food groups, proportions ranged from 74.0% to 91.6% (κ = 0.249 to κ = 0.573). Less than 40% of the participants were found to adhere to recommendations for frequencies of eating fruits, vegetables, added sugar, and fish. Highest compliance to recommendations was seen for choosing water as beverage and limit the intake of red meat. The score was associated with parental socioeconomic status. The diet score was found to be reproducible at an acceptable level. Health promoting work targeting adolescents should emphasize to increase the intake of recommended foods to approach nutritional guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katina Handeland
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Marian Kjellevold
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Maria Wik Markhus
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ingvild Eide Graff
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Livar Frøyland
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Øyvind Lie
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Siv Skotheim
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health, Uni Research Health, P.O. Box 7810, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kjell Morten Stormark
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health, Uni Research Health, P.O. Box 7810, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Health promotion and development, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Lisbeth Dahl
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Jannike Øyen
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
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Roura E, Milà-Villarroel R, Lucía Pareja S, Adot Caballero A. Assessment of Eating Habits and Physical Activity among Spanish Adolescents. The "Cooking and Active Leisure" TAS Program. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159962. [PMID: 27463105 PMCID: PMC4962989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide obesity has more than doubled in the last forty years. Even more worrying is the fact that the number of overweight and obese children and adolescents has considerably increased. Socioeconomic development, as well as educational, agricultural and marketing policies have significantly changed dietary and physical activity habits among the youngest, who are thus susceptible to develop chronic and disabling diseases such as diabetes, some cancers and cardiovascular disorders. Adolescence is a critical age, in which the adoption of healthy habits may have dramatic effects on the health state in adulthood. For this reason, prompt interventions are urgently required to prevent the onset of obesity in this time of life. In this regard, the CAL-TAS program from Alicia Foundation was born to combat obesity and promote healthy lifestyles in Spanish adolescents. A total of 2519 students, aged 13–14 years, from 79 schools distributed all over the 17 autonomous communities in Spain were asked to report through the CAL-TAS platform their food intake and physical activity over one week. The body mass index, the consumption of food and beverages, the intake of macronutrients and micronutrients, and the values obtained from the PAQ-A questionnaire, which evaluated physical activity, were analyzed. Twenty percent of the participants were overweight or obese. In general, adolescents did not or poorly respected the recommendations provided by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition. For example, in more than half of the subjects, the ingestion of fruits and beverages was less than recommended, whereas the consumption of meat, baked goods and fried foods was excessive. Moreover, adolescents with higher body mass index also presented worse eating habits and more inactivity. In conclusion, Spanish adolescents present low adherence to recommendations provided by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) and by the World Health Organization. In order to prevent obesity-related disorders, effective educational programmes have to be designed. Indeed, adolescents and their families should be aware that the early adoption of healthy dietary habits and of a correct physical activity may strongly improve their future quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Roura
- Alicia Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Raimon Milà-Villarroel
- Research group on methodology, methods and models of health and social outcomes; Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
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Dairy products and the French paradox: Could alkaline phosphatases play a role? Med Hypotheses 2016; 92:7-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abdul Majid H, Ramli L, Ying SP, Su TT, Jalaludin MY, Abdul Mohsein NAS. Dietary Intake among Adolescents in a Middle-Income Country: An Outcome from the Malaysian Health and Adolescents Longitudinal Research Team Study (the MyHeARTs Study). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155447. [PMID: 27187889 PMCID: PMC4871353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal nutrition is essential for healthy growth during adolescence. This study aims to investigate the baseline nutritional intake of Malaysian adolescents by gender, body mass index, and places of residence, both urban and rural. A cohort study was conducted consisting of 794 adolescents (aged 13-years) attending 15 public secondary schools from the Central (Kuala Lumpur and Selangor) and Northern (Perak) Regions of Peninsular Malaysia. Qualified dietitians conducted a 7-day historical assessment of habitual food intakes. Facilitated by flipcharts and household measurement tools, detailed information on portion sizes and meal contents were recorded. Nutritionist Pro™ Diet Analysis software was also used to analyze the dietary records.The mean age of the adolescents was 12.86 ± 0.33 y; the mean energy intake was 1659.0 ± 329.6 kcal/d. Males had significantly (P < .001) higher energy intake than females (1774.0 ± 369.8 vs 1595.2 ± 320.6 kcal/d); adolescents in rural schools consumed more energy and cholesterol (P < .001) compared to adolescents in urban schools (1706.1 ± 377.7 kcal/d and 244.1 ± 100.2 mg/d, respectively). Obese adolescents in rural schools consumed more energy and sugar (1987.6 ± 374.0 kcal/d and 48.9 ± 23.0 g/d) (p-value <0.001).The dietary intake of normal weight versus obese adolescents differs by the location of their school. Thus, the implementation of a structured and tailored intervention is recommended to help minimize this nutritional inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazreen Abdul Majid
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Ramli
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sim Pei Ying
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nabilla Al-Sadat Abdul Mohsein
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Shen M, Tan H, Zhou S, Retnakaran R, Smith GN, Davidge ST, Trasler J, Walker MC, Wen SW. Serum Folate Shows an Inverse Association with Blood Pressure in a Cohort of Chinese Women of Childbearing Age: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155801. [PMID: 27182603 PMCID: PMC4868331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been reported that higher folate intake from food and supplementation is associated with decreased blood pressure (BP). The association between serum folate concentration and BP has been examined in few studies. We aim to examine the association between serum folate and BP levels in a cohort of young Chinese women. Methods We used the baseline data from a pre-conception cohort of women of childbearing age in Liuyang, China, for this study. Demographic data were collected by structured interview. Serum folate concentration was measured by immunoassay, and homocysteine, blood glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol were measured through standardized clinical procedures. Multiple linear regression and principal component regression model were applied in the analysis. Results A total of 1,532 healthy normotensive non-pregnant women were included in the final analysis. The mean concentration of serum folate was 7.5 ± 5.4 nmol/L and 55% of the women presented with folate deficiency (< 6.8 nmol/L). Multiple linear regression and principal component regression showed that serum folate levels were inversely associated with systolic and diastolic BP, after adjusting for demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical factors. Conclusions Serum folate is inversely associated with BP in non-pregnant women of childbearing age with high prevalence of folate deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxue Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- OMNI Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hongzhuan Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujin Zhou
- Liuyang Maternal and Child Hospital, Department of maternal and child health care, Liuyang, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ravi Retnakaran
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graeme N. Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra T. Davidge
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre at The Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre at The Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark C. Walker
- OMNI Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shi Wu Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- OMNI Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Montalcini T, Ferro Y, Salvati MA, Romeo S, Miniero R, Pujia A. Gender difference in handgrip strength of Italian children aged 9 to 10 years. Ital J Pediatr 2016; 42:16. [PMID: 26892886 PMCID: PMC4759847 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-016-0226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Handgrip strength is an index of nutritional status which correlates to morbidity and mortality in young. It differs in adults and adolescents between gender. However, it is no clear whether a difference exists also in children aged 9 to 10 years, and which are the factors influencing it. Furthermore, data of Handgrip strength of Italian schoolchildren are lacking. Aim of this study was to provide Handgrip strength value from a sample of healthy Italian schoolchildren aged 9 to 10 years and to determine which factors affect grip strength at this age. Methods We enrolled 137 children (boys n =66; girls n = 71) who underwent a body mass index and Handgrip strength measurement. Handgrip strength was assessed by an hydraulic hand dynamometer. Results The mean handgrip strength value was 13.8 ± 4.0 for girls and 15.2 ± 3.0 kg for boys (p = 0.04) thus, we found a significant difference between gender. We have not found a significant differences in anthropometric parameters between gender. In the univariate analysis Handgrip strength was associated with age, BMI, height, weight and gender (p < 0.001 for age, p < 0.001 for BMI, p < 0.001 for height, p < 0.001 for weight and p < 0.04 for gender). The Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, BMI and gender were all correlated to grip force. Conclusion We found a significant difference in grip strength between healthy Italian schoolchildren aged 9 to 10 years. This parameter seems to be primarily influenced by gender. Our investigation is important since currently data regarding the reference values of HGS for Italian children are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Montalcini
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
| | - Yvelise Ferro
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
| | - Maria Antonietta Salvati
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
| | - Stefano Romeo
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy. .,Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 40530, Sweden.
| | - Roberto Miniero
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
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Impact of Natural Juice Consumption on Plasma Antioxidant Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Molecules 2015; 20:22146-56. [PMID: 26690399 PMCID: PMC6331866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress may lead to overproduction of reactive species and a decrease in antioxidant defenses, resulting in chronic diseases such as diabetes and cancer. The consumption of natural compounds with an antioxidant profile may be a preventive alternative. Therefore, we aimed to obtain evidence regarding the potential antioxidant activity of juices in human plasma. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, which included randomized controlled trials that compared the use of fruit or vegetable juices vs. placebo or other beverages. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and SciELO. The outcome measures extracted were related to antioxidant status, e.g., vitamin C, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels and reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant capacity measured as TEAC. Results: Twenty-eight trials were identified (n = 1089), of which 16 were used for meta-analysis. No significant differences were observed between juices and placebo with regard to TEAC, SOD, and CAT. However, juices were superior to control in enhancing vitamin C and reducing MDA. Conclusions: Natural juices are possible candidates for the management of oxidative stress. The effects of juices should be further investigated by conducting larger and well-defined trials of longer duration.
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113
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Ramírez-Vélez R, Correa-Bautista JE, Martínez-Torres J, Meneses-Echávez JF, Lobelo F. Vitamin B12 concentration and its association with sociodemographic factors in Colombian children: Findings from the 2010 National Nutrition Survey. Nutrition 2015; 32:255-9. [PMID: 26576959 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rapid changes in dietary patterns, economic development, and urbanization in low- to middle-income countries are fueling complex malnutrition states that need better characterization using population-level data. The aim of this study was to describe the key findings related to vitamin B12 status to identify the prevalence and associated sociodemographic factors in a representative sample of children in Colombia, based on the 2010 National Nutrition Survey. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from 6910 Colombian children between the ages of 5 and 12. Serum vitamin B12 concentrations were determined by chemiluminescence. Sociodemographic data was assessed by computer-assisted personal interview technology. RESULTS Of the children assessed, 2.8% had vitamin B12 deficiency, defined as levels <200 pg/mL, and 18.1% had marginal vitamin B12 deficiency, defined as levels between 200 and 300 pg/mL. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed increased risks for vitamin B12 deficiency among children ages ≥9 y and for those living in the eastern, western, and southern regions of the country. No significant associations were found for ethnic groups, socioeconomic status, or urbanity levels. Being 11 y of age (odds ratio [OR], 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56-3.00; P = 0.0001), living in the west (Pacific) region of the country (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 3.14-4.90; P = 0.0001), and being male (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.20-1.65; P = 0.0001) were the factors most strongly associated with an increased risk for vitamin B12 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS Compared with data from other Latin American countries, Colombian children have a lower prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency; however the prevalence of marginal deficiency is substantial. Continued surveillance and implementation of interventions to improve dietary patterns among the high-risk groups identified should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Programa de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física CEMA, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Javier Martínez-Torres
- Grupo GICAEDS. Programa de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | | | - Felipe Lobelo
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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114
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Stommen N, Verbunt J, Goossens M. Future goals of adolescents and young adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Eur J Pain 2015; 20:564-72. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N.C. Stommen
- Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology; Hoensbroek The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; Zuyderland Medical Centre; Heerlen The Netherlands
- RAP Rehabilitation Clinic; Heerlen The Netherlands
| | - J.A. Verbunt
- Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology; Hoensbroek The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; Maastricht University Medical Centre; The Netherlands
| | - M.E. Goossens
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine; Maastricht University Medical Centre; The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science; Maastricht University; The Netherlands
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115
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Yu J, Zhu H, Gattoni-Celli S, Taheri S, Kindy MS. Dietary supplementation of GrandFusion(®) mitigates cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal damage and attenuates inflammation. Nutr Neurosci 2015; 19:290-300. [PMID: 25879584 DOI: 10.1179/1476830515y.0000000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dietary supplementation of fruits and vegetables has been the main stay for nutritional benefit and overall well-being. GrandFusion(®) is a nutritional supplement that contains the natural nutrients from whole fruits and vegetables that include complex nutrients and phytonutrients that contain anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. METHODS In this study, C57BL/6 mice were fed a diet supplemented with GrandFusion(®) for 2 months prior to 1 hour of ischemia induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAo) followed by various times of reperfusion. Mice were subjected to MCAo for 1 hour and then at various times following reperfusion, animals were assessed for behavioral outcomes (open field testing, rotarod, and adhesive test removal), and infarct volumes (cresyl violet and triphenyltetrazolium chloride). In addition, to determine the potential mechanisms associated with treatment, the brain tissue was examined for changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. RESULTS The GrandFusion(®) diet was able to show a significant protection from infarct damage in the brain and an improvement in neurological outcomes. The diet did not alter heart rate, blood pressure, pO2, pCO2, or pH. In addition, the diet mitigated inflammation by reducing microglial and astrocytic activation following ischemia and reperfusion and limiting oxidative stress. DISCUSSION The study demonstrates the neuroprotective effect of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables that contain anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory against the impact of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yu
- a Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- a Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA
| | - Sebastiano Gattoni-Celli
- b Department of Radiation Oncology , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA.,c Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center , Charleston , SC , USA
| | - Saeid Taheri
- a Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA
| | - Mark Stephen Kindy
- a Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA.,c Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center , Charleston , SC , USA
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Moaadeli Z, Hossainnejad Neyrizi A, Sharifikia I, Abbasi Marandi K. The Study of Knowledge, Attitude and Nutritional Practice of Secondary School Students in Darab City, Fars Province, Iran in 2011-2012. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2015. [DOI: 10.17795/intjsh-25702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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