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Inchingolo AD, Dipalma G, Ferrara I, Viapiano F, Netti A, Ciocia AM, Mancini A, Malcangi G, Palermo A, Inchingolo AM, Inchingolo F. Clear Aligners in the Growing Patient: A Systematic Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:385. [PMID: 38671602 PMCID: PMC11049164 DOI: 10.3390/children11040385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Mixed dentition represents a critical phase in the oral development of pediatric patients, characterized by the simultaneous presence of primary and permanent teeth. This article proposes a comprehensive systematic review of the application of aligners as an innovative methodology in managing mixed dentition. The primary objective is to explore the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of this emerging orthodontic technology in the evolving age group. This systematic review focuses on randomized controlled trials, cohorts, and observational studies investigating the use of aligners in patients with mixed dentition. Clinical, radiographic, and psychosocial parameters will be considered to assess the overall impact of aligner therapy in this critical phase of dental development. An in-depth analysis of such data aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential of this technology in pediatric orthodontics. Expected outcomes may contribute to outlining practical guidelines and targeted therapeutic strategies for orthodontists involved in managing mixed dentition. Furthermore, this article aims to identify gaps in the current research and suggest future directions for studies exploring the use of transparent aligners in patients with mixed dentition, thereby contributing to the ongoing evolution of evidence-based orthodontic practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Irene Ferrara
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Viapiano
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Netti
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ciocia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
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102
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Al Zahabi K, Hassan L, Maldonado R, Boehm MW, Baier SK, Sharma V. Pinching dynamics, extensional rheology, and stringiness of saliva substitutes. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2547-2561. [PMID: 38407364 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01662e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Saliva substitutes are human-made formulations extensively used in medicine, food, and pharmaceutical research to emulate human saliva's biochemical, tribological, and rheological properties. Even though extensional flows involving saliva are commonly encountered in situations such as swallowing, coughing, sneezing, licking, drooling, gleeking, and blowing spit bubbles, rheological evaluations of saliva and its substitutes in most studies rely on measured values of shear viscosity. Natural saliva possesses stringiness or spinnbarkeit, governed by extensional rheology response, which cannot be evaluated or anticipated from the knowledge of shear rheology response. In this contribution, we comprehensively examine the rheology of twelve commercially available saliva substitutes using torsional rheometry for rate-dependent shear viscosity and dripping-onto-substrate (DoS) protocols for extensional rheology characterization. Even though most formulations are marketed as having suitable rheology, only three displayed measurable viscoelasticity and strain-hardening. Still, these too, failed to emulate the viscosity reduction with the shear rate observed for saliva or match perceived stringiness. Finally, we explore the challenges in creating saliva-like formulations for dysphagia patients and opportunities for using DoS rheometry for diagnostics and designing biomimetic fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Al Zahabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Lena Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | - Ramiro Maldonado
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | | | - Stefan K Baier
- Motif FoodWorks Inc., Boston, MA 02210, USA
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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103
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Alamoudi R, Kanavakis G, Oeschger ES, Halazonetis D, Gkantidis N. Occlusal characteristics in modern humans with tooth agenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5840. [PMID: 38462644 PMCID: PMC10925589 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic permanent tooth agenesis affects a significant proportion of the population, especially if third molars are considered. Although tooth agenesis has been linked to a smaller craniofacial size, reduced facial convexity and a shorter skeletal face, the occlusal characteristics of individuals with tooth agenesis remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this study investigated potential associations between tooth agenesis and metric occlusal traits in 806 individuals (491 with 4.1 missing teeth per subject, including third molars, and 315 without any tooth agenesis). Dentoskeletal morphology was defined through anatomical landmarks on pre-treatment cephalometric radiographs. Multivariate regression models, adjusted for sex and age, showed that tooth agenesis was significantly associated with a reduced overjet, an increased interincisal angle, and shorter upper and lower dental arch lengths, but not with overbite. Moreover, apart from reduced tooth length and dentoalveolar effects, as the number of missing teeth increased the upper front teeth were progressively retruded according to the craniofacial complex and to the face. Thus, tooth agenesis has a substantial influence on dental and occlusal characteristics, as well as on the sagittal position and inclination of anterior teeth. These findings emphasize the necessity for personalized, multidisciplinary approaches in individuals with multiple agenesis to successfully meet treatment goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragda Alamoudi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Kanavakis
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, UZB - University School of Dental Medicine, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Elias S Oeschger
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Demetrios Halazonetis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Gkantidis
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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104
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Jedliński M, Belfus J, Milona M, Mazur M, Grocholewicz K, Janiszewska-Olszowska J. Orthodontic treatment demand for fixed treatment and aligners among young adults in middle Europe and South America - a questionnaire study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:292. [PMID: 38431544 PMCID: PMC10908024 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients experiencing any malocclusion, may desire for treatment. However, there is no scientific information orthodontic treatment demand and the knowledge of young adults about orthodontic treatment. The aim of the study was to assess orthodontic treatment demand in young adults from Poland and Chile, their previous orthodontic experience and their knowledge on fixed and aligner orthodontic treatment. METHODS The target group comprised people aged 18-30. The sample size was estimated as above 400 for each country. The survey was carried out in Polish and Spanish within 3 months and consisted of 25 questions delivered via social media. Comparisons were made between countries, age subgroups and gender. RESULTS The response rate was 1,99%, what stands for 1092 responses, 670 from Chile and 422 from Poland, respectively. The percentage of young adults who were already treated was 42,9% in Poland and 25,0% in Chile. The ones planning to have orthodontic treatment within a year counted for 11,8% in Poland and 5,3% in Chile. Most young adults who want to be treated (20,6%) rely on doctor's recommendation on type of appliance while 14,7% of all respondents are interested solely in aligners. Most respondents have heard about aligners (58%). Direct provider-to-customer service without a doctor is not acceptable, neither in Poland (85,1%) nor in Chile (64,8%). Most young adults provided incorrect answers referring various aspects of aligner treatment. CONCLUSIONS In both countries, patients demand to be treated and monitored by the orthodontist. A high percentage of patients want to be treated exclusively with aligners. Direct-to-consumer orthodontics does not seem attractive to patients. Young adults do not have adequate knowledge referring to aligner treatment. Many people want to be treated despite a previous orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jedliński
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161, Rome, Italy.
- Private Dental Practice, Adent- Ortodoncja i Stomatologia, ul. 4-go Marca 23G, 75-710, Koszalin, Poland.
| | - Joyce Belfus
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, 7620001, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marta Milona
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Mazur
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Grocholewicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp. 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
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105
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Chauhan A, Mishra N, Patil D, Shinde Kamble S, Sureshkumar Soni J, Gaikwad SS, Singh R. Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on the Incidence of Dental Caries in Adolescents: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e55898. [PMID: 38595882 PMCID: PMC11002693 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment is a widely embraced intervention aimed at enhancing dental aesthetics and correcting malocclusions among adolescents. However, concerns persist regarding its potential impact on oral health, particularly on the development of dental caries. This study aimed to systematically investigate the relationship between orthodontic treatment and the incidence of new carious lesions among adolescents. METHODS A prospective cohort design involving adolescents aged 12-18 years was employed. A total of 82 patients met the inclusion criteria. In addition, an age-matched control group of 82 participants who did not undergo orthodontic treatment was included. The study included both a treatment group undergoing orthodontic treatment (braces or aligners) and an age-matched control group that did not undergo any orthodontic intervention. Demographic characteristics, orthodontic treatment details, and oral hygiene practices were documented at baseline and throughout the study period. Dental examinations at six-month intervals post-treatment were conducted to track the incidence and progression of carious lesions. RESULTS The demographic characteristics, baseline oral health status, orthodontic treatment details, and oral hygiene practices were comparable between the treatment and control groups. Post-orthodontic treatment assessment revealed a slightly higher incidence of new carious lesions in the treatment group (14.6%) than in the control group (9.8%), although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.15). Dental examinations at six-month intervals demonstrated a gradual increase in caries incidence over time in both groups, with no substantial disparities observed. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive examination of the relationship between orthodontic treatment and the incidence of new carious lesions among adolescents. While a trend towards higher caries incidence in the treatment group was observed, the difference was not statistically significant. These findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge and emphasize the need for ongoing research to guide clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bhabha Dental College, Bhopal, IND
| | - Dipooja Patil
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND
| | | | | | - Shashank S Gaikwad
- Orthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND
| | - Ramanpal Singh
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, IND
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106
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Öztürk K, Danışman H, Akkoca F. The effect of temporomandibular joint dysfunction on the craniocervical mandibular system: A retrospective study. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:469-475. [PMID: 37983893 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporomandibular disorders are the most common condition affecting the orofacial region, resulting in pain and dysfunction. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the ambiguous association between cervical features and temporomandibular disorders by measuring the rotations between the skull-atlas, atlas-axis and mandible-atlas and examining the relationship between these rotations and temporomandibular disorders. METHODS Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from 176 patients, 97 females and 79 males with an average age of 25.7 years were used in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: those with joint dysfunction (n = 88) and those without (n = 88). The study employed various methods to determine rotations in the skull-atlas, atlas-axis and mandible atlas based on anatomical landmarks and measurements. These methods include the use of specific planes, angles and distances to identify and measure rotation. Data analysis was performed using the TURCOSA statistical software (Turcosa Analytics Ltd Co, Turkey, www.turcosa.com.tr). RESULTS The results showed that the degree of rotation between the skull and the atlas was higher in the TMD group than in the control group (p < .001). Similarly, Atlas-axis rotation was significantly higher in the TMD group (p < .001). However, no significant difference was found between mandible atlas rotations in the two groups (p = .546). The study also found a significant difference between the direction of rotation between the atlas and axis and the direction of mandible atlas rotation (p < .001) as well as between skull and atlas rotations and mandible-atlas rotations (p < .001). CONCLUSION Overall, the study suggests that there is a relationship between the skeletal structures of the cranio-cervico-mandibular system and TMD. Skull-atlas and atlas-axis rotations may play an important role in the aetiology of TMD in individuals with TMD. Therefore, it is important to evaluate rotations in the skull-atlas-axis region for the treatment of TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Öztürk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hikmetnur Danışman
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Akkoca
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey
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107
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Vu DA, Vu HM, Nguyen QT, Vu HM. Malocclusion among children in Vietnam: Prevalence and associations with different habits. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:112-115. [PMID: 38313577 PMCID: PMC10831732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to measure the prevalence of malocclusion and identify associated factors among elementary school students in Vietnam. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2022 at six primary schools located in the province of Thai Binh, Vietnam. A total of 873 students were recruited for research purposes. Students were classified into normal, malocclusion classes I, II and III. Bad habits were examined. Multivariate logistic regression was used to detect associations. Results The prevalence of malocclusion was 60.7 %; 19.0 % had Class I, 31.0 % had Class II and 10.7 % had Class III. Having finger sucking habit was associated with Class I malocclusion (OR: 3.28), and Class II malocclusion (OR: 3.22). Having lip biting habit was related to a higher odds of having Class II malocclusion (OR = 4.37) Class III malocclusion (OR = 6.83). Having tongue thrusting habit was associated with higher odds of having Class I (OR: 5.25), and Class II malocclusion (OR: 6.42). Mouth breathing was related to a higher likelihood of having Class II malocclusion (OR = 2.71). Having early loss of deciduous teeth was associated with a higher odds of having Class III malocclusion (OR = 3.83). Conclusion Findings showed high prevalence of malocclusion, mostly class II, in elementary students in Vietnam. Bad habits such as finger sucking, biting the lower lip, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, and early loss of deciduous teeth play important roles in developing malocclusion, which should be considered in the development of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Anh Vu
- Department of Odonto Stomatology, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, 410000, Viet Nam
| | - Hai Minh Vu
- Department of Trauma, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, 410000, Viet Nam
| | - Quyet Tri Nguyen
- Department of Odonto Stomatology, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, 410000, Viet Nam
| | - Hoang Minh Vu
- Department of Odonto Stomatology, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, 410000, Viet Nam
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108
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Hona TWPT, Stephan CN. Global facial soft tissue thicknesses for craniofacial identification (2023): a review of 140 years of data since Welcker's first study. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:519-535. [PMID: 37804332 PMCID: PMC10861615 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
This year (2023) marks 140 years since the first publication of a facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) study. Since 1883, a total of 139 studies have been published, collectively tallying > 220,000 tissue thickness measurements of > 19,500 adults. In just the last 5-years, 33 FSTT studies have been conducted. Herein, we add these data (plus an additional 20 studies) to the 2018 T-Table to provide an update of > 81,000 new datapoints to the global tallied facial soft tissue depths table. In contrast to the original 2008 T-Table, some notable changes are as follows: increased FSTTs by 3 mm at infra second molar (ecm2-iM2'), 2.5 mm at gonion (go-go'), 2 mm at mid-ramus (mr-mr'), and 1.5 mm at zygion (zy-zy'). Rolling grand means indicate that stable values have been attained for all nine median FSTT landmarks, while six out of nine bilateral landmarks continue to show ongoing fluctuations, indicating further data collection at these landmarks holds value. When used as point estimators for individuals with known values across 24 landmarks (i.e., C-Table data), the updated grand means produce slightly less estimation error than the 2018 T-Table means (3.5 mm versus 3.6 mm, respectively). Future efforts to produce less noisy datasets (i.e., reduce measurement and sampling errors as much as possible between studies) would be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Wai Pounamu T Hona
- Laboratory for Human Craniofacial and Skeletal Identification (HuCS-ID Lab), School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
| | - Carl N Stephan
- Laboratory for Human Craniofacial and Skeletal Identification (HuCS-ID Lab), School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
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109
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Alansari N, Abed H, Abid M. Oral flora and functional dysbiosis of cleft lip and palate patients: A scoping review. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:255-268. [PMID: 37173294 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This scoping review aimed to conduct an assessment of the current literature on specific ecological changes in the oral microbiota of individuals living with cleft lip and/or palate. METHODS All studies that assess oral microbiota and ecological changes distinct of individuals living with cleft lip and/or palate were included. Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were used, using planned search keywords. Included articles were grouped into cohort, cross-sectional, case-control, and retrospective reviews. RESULTS A total of 164 eligible title articles were recognized. Of these, 32 full-text studies were included in the present review. All the included articles were published between 1992 and 2022. These studies were two retrospective studies, two review studies, and the remaining (n = 28) were observational studies. CONCLUSION The oral flora of cleft lip and/or palate patients has been shown in scientific studies to have an increased frequency of potentially pathogenic fungal and bacterial colonization, particularly Candida species, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacili and Streptococci mutans. This may influence oral diseases and post-operative repair complications, potentially necessitating further surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Alansari
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Orthodontics, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hassan Abed
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Division of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushriq Abid
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Gomes NB, Almeida JVFPD, Neves JG, Correr AB, Correr-Sobrinho L, Costa AR. Evaluation of mechanical properties and morphology of miniscrews Ti6Al4V cold worked versus annealed in artificial bones. Int Orthod 2024; 22:100835. [PMID: 38141559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different manufacturing procedures (Eli annealed - hot work versus cold worked - cold work) of the raw material under mechanical properties and morphological characteristics of orthodontic miniscrews (MS). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty MS were randomly separated into 3 types (n=10) according to manufacturer and manufacturing process of the raw material: type A - SIN® annealed (control group); type B - Dentfix® annealed; and, type C - Dentfix® cold worked. MI were inserted in artificial bone blocks, through the manufacturer's specific manual key attached to the digital torquemeter stabilized via custom device. Data of fracture's occurrence was performed using Fisher's exact test. Comparisons between the other two types regarding insertion torque and removal torque were performed using the Mann-Whitney test. Data of fracture torque, shear stress, normal stress and torque ratio was submitted to Kruskal Wallis and Dunn tests (α=0.05). Representative images of surface morphology and fractures were selected. RESULTS Type C showed statistically the lowest fracture torque (N.cm) (26.11±0.41) (P=0.0012) and highest torque ratio (%) (98.74±0.85) (P=0.0007). Type C showed statistically higher calculated shear (MPa) (2,432.73±508.41) and normal stress (MPa) (1,403.86±293.39) than type B and type A, showing that they differed in relation to the mechanical strength of the material with which they were made (P=0.0007). CONCLUSION Type A fractured completely inside the most apical bone. Type B and type C fractured closer to the transmucosal profile. Cold worked process should be more prone to fractures than those annealed raw manufactured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neylla Berg Gomes
- Department of Orthodontics, Hermínio Ometto Foundation - FHO, Araras, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Guilherme Neves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, FOP - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Américo Bortolazzo Correr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, FOP - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, FOP - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Rosa Costa
- Department of Orthodontics, Hermínio Ometto Foundation - FHO, Araras, SP, Brazil; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials area, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, FOP - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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111
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Kaiser JK, Kamble RH, Nambiar K, Nerurkar S, Suchak D, Atole S. Integrated Care Strategies for Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach for Profile Correction. Cureus 2024; 16:e55473. [PMID: 38571844 PMCID: PMC10988533 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a prevalent congenital craniofacial deformity that can be unilateral or bilateral. This case report highlights the interdisciplinary approach to managing a 24-year-old male with unilateral CLP (UCLP), emphasizing the complexity of associated dental and skeletal challenges. The patient had undergone multiple surgeries, including lip closure at three months, palate repair at seven years, and alveolar bone grafting at 12 years. Clinical assessments revealed a retruded maxilla, an absence of lateral incisors, and scars from previous surgeries. Radiographic evaluations indicated a Class III skeletal pattern and confirmed the presence of a cleft on the left side. Orthodontic treatment commenced with maxillary arch alignment, followed by Le Fort I surgery to address maxillary retrusion, correct skeletal malocclusion, and close the alveolar cleft space. The post-surgical phase involved orthodontic adjustments, crossbite correction, and alignment of the mandibular arch. Despite the discontinuation of treatment due to the patient's relocation, the interdisciplinary collaboration achieved significant improvements, including a corrected facial profile, maxillary advancement, closure of the cleft space, and enhanced dental alignment. The patient's confidence and functionality were positively impacted. This case underscores the importance of a coordinated interdisciplinary approach to addressing the multifaceted challenges associated with UCLP, aiming to optimize both aesthetic and functional outcomes for improved patient well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Japneet K Kaiser
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ranjit H Kamble
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Karthika Nambiar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sumukh Nerurkar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Dhwani Suchak
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Srushti Atole
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
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Fahrzadeh N, Tunca M. Evaluation of the shear bond strength of various adhesives on the surface of enamel irradiated with various doses of radiotherapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024; 165:285-293. [PMID: 37897485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) forces on the enamel surface with 2 adhesives after treatment with various radiation doses. METHODS A total of 120 premolars were included in the study. The teeth were randomly divided into 5 main groups (n = 24): negative control (without aging), positive control (with aging), 40 Gy, 60 Gy, and 70 Gy radiation. The 40 Gy, 60 Gy, and 70 Gy groups underwent conventional radiotherapy 5 days a week with a dose of 2 Gy each day. After the radiotherapy, all samples except the negative control group were subjected to thermal cycle aging. In all 5 groups, the specimens were divided into 2 subgroups, and half were bonded using 2 adhesives. After bonding, the universal Shimadzu test device was used to analyze the SBS. After the test, the tooth surfaces were examined under a stereomicroscope to determine the adhesive remnant index. RESULTS When adhesives were compared, Biofix adhesive's bond strength value was statistically higher in the 40 Gy group than in the Transbond XT group (P = 0.001). The SBS value was higher in all irradiated groups than in nonirradiated groups (P = 0.001). When the adhesive remnant index score was analyzed, no significant difference was found among the groups. CONCLUSIONS The SBS increased in irradiated teeth compared with unirradiated teeth, and the SBS values of both adhesives were within the acceptable limits in all radiation groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Fahrzadeh
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Murat Tunca
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
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113
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Valan AS, Krithikadatta J, Guru A. Exploring Periostracum as an Alternative Root Canal Irrigant: Insights From Zebrafish Embryo Experiments. Cureus 2024; 16:e56638. [PMID: 38646289 PMCID: PMC11032143 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Root canal treatments aim to eliminate biofilms effectively. Considering the limitations of chemical irrigants, there is growing interest in natural alternatives like periostracum due to their antibacterial and fouling-resistant properties. This study aimed to assess periostracum's toxicity as a root canal irrigant by investigating its effects on zebrafish embryos' heart rate, survival rate, and hatching rate, as well as inflammation studies using neutral red assays comparing it to standard irrigants like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), chlorhexidine (CHX), and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Materials and methods Zebrafish embryos were exposed to varying concentrations of periostracum irrigant and standard irrigants. Heart rate, survival rate, and hatching rate were evaluated as indicators of developmental toxicity using microscopy. Statistical analysis, utilizing GraphPad Prism software (version 5.03, GraphPad Software, LLC, San Diego, California, United States), involved one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test to determine significance levels (p < 0.05) across control and other groups based on triplicate means and standard deviation. Results The periostracum irrigant demonstrated superior survival rates, heart rates, and hatching rates at specific concentrations compared to standard irrigants (p < 0.01), maintaining favorable heart rates and hatching rates at those concentrations. However, higher concentrations resulted in diminished hatching rates (p < 0.05). Additionally, this study revealed increased inflammation when larvae were treated with NaOCl, EDTA, and CHX. Conversely, no inflammation was observed when subjected to periostracum irrigants. These findings suggest potential advantages of periostracum as a root canal irrigant due to its increased biocompatibility. Conclusion Periostracum displayed promising attributes in zebrafish embryo experiments, such as stable heart rate, hatching rate, and survival rate, along with reduced developmental toxicity and inflammation, indicating potential advantages as a root canal irrigant, including reduced toxicity compared to conventional agents. Further research involving diverse demographics and long-term effects is crucial to validate periostracum's clinical applicability and safety in endodontic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Sylvea Valan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Jogikalmat Krithikadatta
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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114
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Nagesh S, Kumaran K, Mani P. Iron and Magnesium Co-substituted Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Orthodontic Composite: A Preliminary Assessment. Cureus 2024; 16:e56388. [PMID: 38633975 PMCID: PMC11022009 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aims to characterize Fe and Mg co-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (FeMgHAPn) and assess the antimicrobial properties of FeMgHAPn-incorporated orthodontic composite. Materials and methods FeMgHAPn was synthesized using the sol-gel method, and the prepared nanoparticle powder was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX)) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. The FeMgHAPn was incorporated into a commercially available orthodontic composite in two concentrations (40 and 20 μL), and the structure was examined using SEM. The FeMgHAPn-incorporated composite was tested for its antimicrobial efficacy against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli using the agar-well diffusion method. The zones of inhibition (ZOI) were measured in millimeters (mm). Results The characterization of the FeMgHAPn indicated the successful formation of the nanoparticle without any impurities or byproducts. The high concentration (40 μL) of FeMgHAPn-incorporated orthodontic composite showed the maximum ZOI against all three microbes, followed by the low concentration (20 μL) and the control group. Conclusion The FeMgHAPn-incorporated orthodontic composite showed promising antimicrobial activity against caries-causing S. mutans, S. aureus, and E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Nagesh
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Kirthick Kumaran
- Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Pugazh Mani
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Al-Khudhairy MW, Alharbi AM, Suganna M, Kausher H, Alshammari S, Alsaleh N, Allmaie F. Selection of Dental Implants and Restorations Among Dentists in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional, Questionnaire-Based Survey. Cureus 2024; 16:e57242. [PMID: 38686278 PMCID: PMC11056807 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dental implants play a crucial role in modern dentistry, offering a durable and aesthetic option for tooth replacement. Understanding the preferences and practices of dentists regarding implant selection and restoration can provide critical insights into current trends and potential areas for improvement. As such, the objective of this study was to discover characteristics determining the selection criteria and preferences for dental implants and restorations among Saudi Arabian dentists. Methodology A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among Saudi Arabian dentists to assess their practices and preferences for dental implant selection and restoration. The survey explored variables, including age, gender, educational status, regional practice distribution, implant-related experience, loading protocols, and implant system preferences. Results A total of 742 dental professionals responded to our questionnaire. The study revealed that a significant majority of Saudi Arabian dentists had placed (78.7%) and restored (72.9%) implants. Most dentists (78.6%) had participated in implant treatment planning. However, consistent usage of implant planning software was relatively low (29.8%). Loading protocol preferences varied, with early loading favored for anterior teeth and immediate loading for posterior teeth and edentulous patients. The main deterrents to immediate loading were patient type (27.0%), lack of training (19.9%), additional surgeries (19.9%), and administrative restrictions (17.8%). Straumann was the most preferred implant system, with aesthetic outcomes considered the most important factor in system selection. Conclusions The study provides a comprehensive overview of dental implant practices among Saudi Arabian dentists. It highlights a strong emphasis on aesthetic outcomes, a diverse approach to loading protocols, and room for increased usage of implant planning software. The findings suggest potential areas for further training and support, particularly in the use of immediate loading and implant planning software.
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Affiliation(s)
- May W Al-Khudhairy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Afnan M Alharbi
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Mahesh Suganna
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Hina Kausher
- Department of Prosthodontics, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Shaden Alshammari
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Nouf Alsaleh
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Fatemah Allmaie
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, SAU
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Gonçalves CADJO, Pinheiro JDJV, Carneiro MN, Tabosa AKDS, Cárdenas RCR, Carneiro JT. Facial soft tissue changes and volumetric analysis of upper airways in patients undergoing surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion using a transpalatal distractor. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 90:101372. [PMID: 38237484 PMCID: PMC10828591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify changes in facial soft tissue using the RadiANT-DICOM-viewer and Dolphin Imaging software, through linear measurements of tomographic points in a 3D reconstruction of the face and volumetric evaluation with three-dimensional measurements of the upper airways of patients with transverse maxillary discrepancy undergoing Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion (SARME). METHODS Retrospective, transverse, and descriptive study, through the analysis of computed tomography scans of the face of patients with transverse maxillary discrepancy, treated from July 2019 to December 2022. The sample consisted of 15 patients of both sexes, aged 21-42 years old, who underwent surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion using the transpalatal distractor. Analysis was performed through linear, angular, and three-dimensional measurements in millimeters, in the preoperative and late four-month postoperative period, in frontal 3D tomographic images of the face, in the region of the width of the nose and alar base and also angular measurement in the lateral tomography for the angle nasolabial and upper airways of rhinopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx. RESULTS There was an increase in nasal width with an average of 1.3467mm and an increase in the alar base with an average of 1.7333mm. A significant difference was found in the pre- and postoperative assessments of the measurements of nasal width, alar base and nasolabial angle, as well as the upper airways in all their extension. The results favour a better understanding of the professional and the patient regarding the diagnosis and management of patients with transverse maxillary width discrepancies. CONCLUSION Although our study shows an increase in soft tissues after SARME, no aesthetic changes are observed clinically, and all patients report significant respiratory improvement. SARME may therefore contribute to the improvement of professionals working in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery and orthodontics. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Belém, PA, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Soualem H, Chami B. Severe re-impacted deciduous tooth in 25-years-old female with permanent dentition associated to high-risk oral-sinus communication surgery: a rare case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1664-1668. [PMID: 38463131 PMCID: PMC10923335 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance The total re-impaction of primary tooth is a very uncommon phenomenon and few cases have been reported in the literature. "Re-Impaction of deciduous tooth " is a rare phenomena involving more often mixed denture than permanent dentition. Case presentation A completely re-impacted deciduous tooth in an adult patient presented an occlusal tooth decay. The presence of the decay cavity indicated that this tooth had once been erupted. After the removal, the tooth anatomy confirmed that it was deciduous tooth. Clinical discussion The etiologies remain diverse but the local contributing factors local factors include odontomas, ankylosis, congenitally missing permanent teeth, trauma. The early diagnosis by knowledge of the clinical and radiological image of re-impaction allows early detection, which in turn prevents subsequent complications. Conclusion The clinicians must be aware that late discovery managing re-impacted and severely infraoccluded deciduous tooth is in risk of causing permanent injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Soualem
- Department of Oral Surgery /Department of Dentistery in Mohamed V Instruction Military Hospital/Department of Oral Surgery/Faculty of Dentistry, Rabat/Mohammed V University of Rabat, Maroc
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de Oliveira E Silva G, Mendes TS, Carneiro DPA, Menezes CCD, Vedovello SAS, Terossi de Godoi AP. Three-dimensional analysis of posterior tooth inclinations in transverse and sagittal relationships: A cross-sectional study. Int Orthod 2024; 22:100824. [PMID: 37992474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare tooth inclinations in different sagittal skeletal patterns and transverse maxillary relationships three-dimensionally. METHODS A cross-sectional study carried out with 132 three-dimensional digital models in the complete permanent dentition divided into six groups (n=22); three groups with maxillary atresia: G1- skeletal class I, G2- skeletal class II and G3-skeletal class III; three groups without maxillary atresia: G4- skeletal class I; G5- skeletal class II and G6- skeletal class III. The comparison between the skeletal pattern was performed by the non-parametric tests of Kruskal Wallis and Dunn and between the groups by the non-parametric test of Mann Whitney. RESULTS Subjects with skeletal class II and maxillary atresia had a greater lingual inclination of the maxillary teeth than those with class I and III; Subjects with skeletal class II without atresia had a less lingual inclination of the mandibular molars than the other classes (p<0.05). The maxillary premolars showed no variation in dental inclination with atresia, independent of the skeletal class in G1, G2, and G3 (p>0.05). The mandibular premolars showed that the groups without atresia G4, G5, and G6 presented no significant difference (p>0.05). Lower premolars in skeletal class III malocclusion individuals with atresia had a more negative inclination than the others. CONCLUSION There is a difference in the inclination of posterior teeth between individuals with and without maxillary atresia and skeletal classes I, II, and III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guto de Oliveira E Silva
- University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foudantion - FHOAraras Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Santos Mendes
- University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foudantion - FHOAraras Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Patrik Alves Carneiro
- University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Community Dentistry, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Carmo de Menezes
- University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foudantion - FHOAraras Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Amélia Scudeler Vedovello
- University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foudantion - FHOAraras Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Terossi de Godoi
- University Center of Hermínio Ometto Foudantion - FHOAraras Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
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Aboelmahasen MMF, Othman SS, Dena ASA, Zhran M, Ma M, El-Destawy MT, Bilal AM. Histomorphometric and CBCT comparison of osseointegration around orthodontic titanium miniscrews coated with different nanoparticles: An in-vivo animal study. Int Orthod 2024; 22:100823. [PMID: 37992473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporarily installed titanium orthodontic miniscrews are usually used for many orthodontic applications, especially those cases that need high force, such as skeletally anchored orthodontic appliance cases. Surface modification of titanium miniscrews has proved success in preventing failure and overcoming their limitations. OBJECTIVE The present study aims at the assessment of the quality of osseointegration of surface modified titanium miniscrews installed in the maxilla of albino rabbits with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging as well as histomorphometric investigations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The orthodontic titanium miniscrews (TMSs) were coated with silver/hydroxyapatite (Ag/HA) nanoparticles (NPs) or zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs via electrochemical deposition. The coating nanomaterials were then characterized with X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the coated titanium miniscrews were evaluated in the rabbits' oral cavity to investigate their ability to prevent biofilm formation. RESULTS It was found that the Ag/HA-coated TMSs demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity and bone area fill, followed by the ZnO NPs-coated TMSs when compared to their uncoated counterparts. In the anterior area surrounding the installed TMSs, the highest osseointegration was demonstrated by ZnO NPs-coated TMSs. However, Ag/HA-coated TMSs showed the highest osseointegration values in the posterior peri-implant area. CONCLUSIONS Ag/HA- and ZnO NPs-coated TMSs may provide a promising solution to overcome the 30% probable failure in temporarily installed orthodontic miniscrews, as they can enhance the osseointegration process and prevent biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samer Salim Othman
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ibnsina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed S Abo Dena
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt; Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Monira Zhran
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ma
- Oral pathology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine (Cairo-Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Taha El-Destawy
- Oral medicine Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine (Cairo-Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Bilal
- Oral medicine Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine (Cairo-Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Plaza-Ruiz SP, Rojas-Plaza PA, Basto-Tacuma J, Velandia-Palacio LA, Jara-López L. Comparative evaluation of the dentoalveolar effects of three Class II correctors: A finite element analysis study. J Orthod 2024; 51:41-52. [PMID: 37646245 DOI: 10.1177/14653125231195096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the stress distribution and total strain applied to the dentition, periodontal ligament (PDL) and cortical and trabecular bones by three Class II correctors using finite element analysis. DESIGN Three-dimensional analysis of stresses and total strain of the dentition with three Class II correctors. SETTING Computational study. METHODS Three-dimensional finite element models of Class II elastics, the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FRD) and the Carriere Motion Appliance (CMA) were constructed from a cone-beam computed tomography (CBTC) image of an orthodontic Class II patient. The distribution of stress (von Mises and principal stress) and the total strain (mm) in maxillo-mandibular dentition, PDL, cortical and trabecular bone were analysed. RESULTS The highest von Mises yield and the maximum principal stress in the three models were found at the teeth, followed by the cortical bone, trabecular bone and PDL. The maximum stress and total deformation were located at the upper canines and lower molars in the Class II elastics and CMA models, in the upper first molars in the Forsus FRD and CMA, and in the lower first premolars in the Forsus FRD. In addition, stress was distributed in the anterior and posterior regions of the teeth, and the total deformation was found in the distal direction in the upper arch and in the mesial direction in the lower arch. CONCLUSION The stress concentrations in the three models were located close to the active components of each appliance, producing specific patterns of stress distribution and displacement that should be taken into account when planning the type of appliance to be used for the correction of the Class II malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jessica Basto-Tacuma
- Department of Orthodontics - CICO, Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia UNICOC, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Liliana Jara-López
- Department of Orthodontics - CICO, Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia UNICOC, Bogotá, Colombia
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Barashi MA, Habis RM, Alhazmi HA. Predictability of Orthodontic Space Closure Using Invisalign Clear Aligners: A Retrospective Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e56706. [PMID: 38646261 PMCID: PMC11032648 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clear aligners have demonstrated success in achieving complex tooth movements. However, orthodontists have faced challenges related to the predictability of clear aligners. This retrospective study aimed to assess the predictability of ClinCheck® accuracy in space closure before and after Invisalign® treatment and to identify factors associated with the need for refinement. Methods Patient records from one private clinic in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed, and a sample of 55 adult patients who had spacing and underwent Invisalign treatment were included. Data on demographic and orthodontic variables were collected, and a chi-square test was conducted to examine the association between the requirement for refinement and demographic as well as clinical/orthodontic factors. Furthermore, the initial and final space measurements were compared using paired t-tests across various demographic and clinical/orthodontic variables. Results After completing the treatment, 70.9% (N=39) of the cases did not require any orthodontic refinement. The mean final space measurement was higher for males compared to females (0.7 mm and 0.4 mm, respectively), individuals who received treatment in the upper compared to lower arch (0.5 and 0.4 mm, respectively), those with moderate compared to mild spacing (0.5 and 0.1 mm, respectively), and those with class III compared to class I Angle classification (0.9 and 0.3 mm, respectively). Additionally, patients with severe spacing had a significantly higher probability of requiring refinement compared to patients with mild spacing (adjusted odds ratio = 20.9; p < 0.05). Conclusion The study emphasizes the significance of careful patient selection and treatment planning, suggesting that orthodontists should consider overcorrecting in space closure when using clear aligners, especially in cases with more significant spacing.
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Küchler EC, de Melo Teixeira do Brasil J, Madalena IR, Proff P, Baratto-Filho F, Alam MK, Schroder AGD, Lepri CP, Kirschneck C, de Menezes-Oliveira MAH. Exploring the association between PITX2, third molars agenesis and sella turcica morphology : PITX2, third molars agenesis and sella turcica morphology. Head Face Med 2024; 20:14. [PMID: 38419062 PMCID: PMC10900691 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-024-00414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES PITX2 is required for mammalian development and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in this gene could be involved in dental agenesis and sella turcica patterns. Thus, the present study evaluated the association between SNPs in PITX2, third molars agenesis and sella turcica phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of healthy orthodontic German patients with lateral cephalometric radiographs with clearly visualization of the sella turcica, and dental orthopantomograms. The morphological variations of the sella turcica were evaluated using the lateral cephalograms, while third molar agenesis was evaluated using orthopantomograms. DNA isolated from buccal cells was used for genotyping three SNPs in PITX2 (rs3796902, rs1947187, and rs2595110). The analyzes were performed using a significance of 5%. There was no association between third molar agenesis and sella turcica phenotypes (p > 0.05). SNPs in PITX2 were also not associated with third molars agenesis (p > 0.05). RESULTS SNPs in PITX2 were associated with sella turcica phenotypes. The rs3796902 was associated with hypertrophic posterior clinoid process (p = 0.013). The rs1947187 and rs2595110 were associated with sella turcica bridge type A (p = 0.013 and p = 0.011, respectively for genotype distribution). Patients that carry the genotypes GG-CC-AG (rs3796902- rs1947187- rs2595110) had 7.2 higher chance to present sella turcica bridge type A (p = 0.002; Odds ratio = 7.2, Confidence interval 95% 2.04-27.04). CONCLUSIONS Third molar agenesis was not associated with SNPs in PITX2 and sella turcica phenotypes. SNPs in PITX2 may have an important role in sella turcica pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
| | | | - Isabela Ribeiro Madalena
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 38.055-500, Nenê Sabino, 1801
| | - Peter Proff
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee, 11, 93053
| | - Flares Baratto-Filho
- School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University from Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Padre Ladislau Kula, 395, 82010-210
- Department of Dentistry, University of Joinville Region, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Paulo Malschitzki , 89219-710
| | | | | | - César Penazzo Lepri
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 38.055-500, Nenê Sabino, 1801
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Bonn, Welschnonnenstraße 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
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Stojilković M, Gušić I, Berić J, Prodanović D, Pecikozić N, Veljović T, Mirnić J, Đurić M. Evaluating the influence of dental aesthetics on psychosocial well-being and self-esteem among students of the University of Novi Sad, Serbia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:277. [PMID: 38408989 PMCID: PMC10895718 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A person's smile has been identified as one of the first observed facial characteristics. Even minor deviations from societal beauty standards, especially among younger individuals, can have a negative effect on their self-esteem. The aim of this research is to evaluate the self-perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and self-esteem among respondents and their association, as well as to determine the main factors contributing to dissatisfaction with dental appearance. METHODS This research was conducted as a cross-sectional study that surveyed students of the University of Novi Sad. Other Universities and private faculties were excluded from participation. Data collection used standardized questionnaires measuring the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics (PIDAQ) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Questionnaire (an online GoogleForms) was sent to the students via official Facebook groups of the faculties, student's e-mails and Instagram profiles. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Students T-test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression analysis and Spearman coefficient. To test internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha(α) was calculated for the questionnaire as a whole (0,761) and each used questionnaire (PIDAQ - 0.766; RSES - 0.765). Cronbach's alpha(α) was also calculated for each domain from PIDAQ (DSC-0.946; SI-0.882; PI-0.953; AC-0.916). RESULTS The study involved 410 participants, predominantly female (80%), aged between 21 and 23 (45.4%), primarily in ther first academic year (21.5%), and with a grade point average between 8.01 and 9.00 (42.4%). Data analysis has shown a statistically significant difference in the total PIDAQ score and SI subdomain in relation to the academic year (total PIDAQ p = 0.025; SI p = 0.000). In terms of self-esteem, results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the academic year (95%CI: 0.410-1.837; p = 0.002) and the average point grade (95%CI: -0.025-1.600; p = 0.047) were significant predictors of greater self-esteem. The Spearman coefficient value (r=-0.316, p < 0.001) confirmed a statistically significant negative correlation between PIDAQ and self-esteem. Only 34% of respondents expressed satisfaction with their teeth. Dissatisfaction about the smile was primarily attributed to the arrangement and positioning of their teeth (32.2%). Financial constraints were identified as the main barrier for seeking interventions to improve smile satisfaction (39.5%). CONCLUSION Students experiencing a greater psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics tended to exhibit lower self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Stojilković
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia.
| | - Ivana Gušić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 12, Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Berić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Dušan Prodanović
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Nevena Pecikozić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Tanja Veljović
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mirnić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
| | - Milanko Đurić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 12, Novi Sad, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
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Ali Alkhalaf Z, Sghaireen MG, Ganji KK, Alam MK, Issrani R, Mohammed Alsaleh R, Almegren SZ, Gamal Salloum M. Unveiling the Influence of the Curve of Spee on Bite Force and Chewing Ability: A Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pract 2024; 2024:6533841. [PMID: 38420595 PMCID: PMC10901573 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6533841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the impact of the curve of Spee (CS) accentuation on bite force, chewing ability, and additionally, other factors that influence chewing ability and bite force such as restorations, caries, gender, habits, and TMJ problems. Materials and Methods 231 participants (118 male and 113 female, mean age = ±27.96 years) were recruited for this cross-section study. Participants completed a data collection sheet in which age, gender, Angle's classification of malocclusion, overjet, overbite, TMJ problems, habits, restorations, and caries experience were recorded. Two examiners made a lower impression, chewing ability test and measured the bite force for each participant. Measurement of the CS was obtained digitally from the poured dental cast, and the categorization was as follows: flat (<1 mm), normal (1-2 mm), or deep (>2 mm). Results The mean maximum bite force (MBF) was 468.722 N for participants with flat CS, 389.822 N for normal CS, 647.08 N for deep CS, and 384.667 N for reverse CS. The average MBF was higher for participants with deep CS (p < 0.05). MBF force was higher in males. However, BMI was not significantly related to MBF values. Participants with normal and flat CS have comparable chewing capacity (p > 0.05). Also, a significant difference in bite force and chewing ability was found between the three categories of CS (p < 0.05). Conclusion Bite force variations across various CS types were linked to gender and habits. Chewing ability showed no differences concerning gender, habits, TMJ problems, caries, or restorations, emphasizing CS's significant impact on bite force while showcasing the unchanged nature of chewing ability amidst diverse factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Ali Alkhalaf
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ghazi Sghaireen
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiran Kumar Ganji
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, India
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil lnternational University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rakhi Issrani
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Raghad Mohammed Alsaleh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultana Zamil Almegren
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Ministry of Health, Dental Clinics Complex West of Riyadh, Laban, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Gamal Salloum
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry & Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Khan S, Amin F, Amin R, Kumar N. Exploring the Effect of Cetylpyridinium Chloride Addition on the Antibacterial Activity and Surface Hardness of Resin-Based Dental Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:588. [PMID: 38475272 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) addition on the antibacterial and surface hardness characteristics of two commercial resin-based dental composites (RBDCs). A total of two hundred and seventy (n = 270) specimens from Filtek Z250 Universal and Filtek Z350 XT flowable RBDCs were fabricated with the addition of CPC at 2 %wt and 4 %wt concentrations to assess their antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion test and direct contact inhibition test, and their surface hardness using the Vickers microhardness test after 1 day, 30 days, and 90 days of aging. A surface morphology analysis of the specimens was performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The RBDCs that contained 2 %wt and 4 %wt CPC demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans up to 90 days, with the highest activity observed for the 4 %wt concentration. Nevertheless, there was a reduction in antibacterial effectiveness over time. Moreover, compared to the control (0 %wt) and 2 %wt CPC groups, the universal RBDCs containing 4 %wt CPC exhibited a notable decrease in surface hardness, while all groups showed a decline in hardness over time. In conclusion, the satisfactory combination of the antibacterial effect and surface hardness property of RBDCs was revealed with the addition of a 2 %wt CPC concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khan
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dr. Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Amin
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Rafat Amin
- Dow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dr. Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
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126
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Yang S, Wang S, Zhou Z, Zhao D, Yuan Q, Yue L. A digital approach to fabricating a custom holder for the attachment of a mandibular sensor of an optical jaw motion tracking system: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00062-3. [PMID: 38378312 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A digital approach to fabricating a custom holder to attach a mandibular sensor of an optical jaw motion tracking system is described. Typically, jaw motion tracking systems come with standard holders. However, additional chairside time is still required to adapt the holder's arm to the individual arch and securely attach the holder to the mandibular teeth. Moreover, the placement of the standard holder is problematic in patients with a deep vertical overlap or with short clinical crowns. This technique offers a digital approach to designing and fabricating a custom holder in situations where standard holders cannot be efficiently attached. The custom holder is designed to accommodate the available space without interfering with the occlusion, thereby minimizing the time needed to attach the holder and optimizing the workflow for clinical jaw motion tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Yang
- Dental Technician, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Undergraduate student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zheqing Zhou
- Undergraduate student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Undergraduate student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Professor and Head, Prosthodontics Department, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Li Yue
- Director, Department of Dental Technology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
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127
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Madiraju GS, Almugla YM, Mohan R, Alnasser BM. An epidemiological study on early orthodontic treatment need among eastern Saudi Arabian children in the mixed dentition stage. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4084. [PMID: 38374134 PMCID: PMC10876945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Estimation of early orthodontic treatment need among children is essential for planning orthodontic interventions in the mixed dentition stages thereby reducing the burden in a publicly funded healthcare system. The present study aimed to assess the early orthodontic treatment need among children with mixed dentition in the Eastern Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among Saudi children visiting the outpatient clinics in a University dental setting, and data were collected based on Index for preventive and interceptive orthodontic need (IPION). Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for data analysis with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The category of 'no treatment need' accounted for 11.3% while 'moderate treatment need' and 'definite treatment need' categories accounted for 29.3% and 59.4% respectively. There was no statistical difference between males and females in the distribution of the three categories of treatment need (p = 0.513). This study demonstrated a very high need for early orthodontic treatment among Saudi children in the mixed dentition stage. Emphasis should be placed on increased awareness and benefits of seeking early orthodontic treatment involving preventive and interceptive procedures in the mixed dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guna Shekhar Madiraju
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty in Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, 31982, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yousef Majed Almugla
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty in Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, 31982, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rohini Mohan
- Community Dental Services, Port Talbot Research Centre, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Port Talbot, UK
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Karkazi F, Antoniadou M, Demeterová K, Konstantonis D, Margaritis V, Lysy J. Orthodontic Risk Perspectives among Orthodontists during Treatment: A Descriptive Pilot Study in Greece and Slovakia. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:492. [PMID: 38391867 PMCID: PMC10887888 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores orthodontists' perspectives on risks associated with orthodontic treatment, as described by Greek and Slovak orthodontists. Informed by the foundational importance of effective communication of risk perspectives in health sciences, particularly in facilitating valid consent and shared decision-making, this research addresses gaps identified in the literature concerning the consistent communication of potential treatment risks based on demographic and cultural characteristics. This study identifies 15 potential critical risks during orthodontic treatment. These risks include root resorption; temporary undesired changes to the occlusion; sleep difficulties; not achieving an ideal result; development of black triangles between teeth; taking additional X-rays; speech difficulties; using a protective splint during sports; duration of treatment; number of visits; transmission of infectious diseases; and swallowing orthodontic appliances. A questionnaire, distributed electronically to orthodontists in Greece (N1 = 570) and Slovakia (N2 = 210) from September 2022 to December 2022, aimed to assess risk communication practices, taking into consideration socio-demographic factors, such as country, gender, age, and academic-degree-related variations. A total of 168 valid questionnaires (91 from Slovakia and 77 from Greece) were obtained, indicating significant disparities in the risks emphasized and preferred forms of consent. The Greek orthodontists focused more on the risks involved, such as relapse, root resorption, temporal occlusal changes, and failure of desired movement, while the Slovak practitioners tended to be more interested in sleeping difficulties, temporal occlusal changes, and not achieving an ideal result. They also obtained written or digital consent from patients or their parents/guardians more frequently than the Greek team. Male orthodontists discussed specific risks more frequently, including relapse and extractions, whereas females preferred written or digital consent. PhD-trained orthodontists prioritized certain risks, indicating the need for tailored approaches. This study underscores the dynamic nature of risk assessment in orthodontic practice, emphasizing its ethical and strategic dimensions. The findings advocate for tailored risk communication strategies that recognize individual, contextual, and cultural factors, and the need for an orthodontic informed consent protocol for a tailored communication approach for patients to elevate the standard of care in European orthodontics. The reliance on digital tools reflects contemporary trends in enhancing patient understanding, thereby supporting ongoing innovation in orthodontic practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franzeska Karkazi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Maria Antoniadou
- Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Certified Systemic Analyst Executive Mastering Program, University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece
| | - Katarína Demeterová
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, 81250 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Juraj Lysy
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University Bratislava, 81250 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Ahmed MJ, Diar-Bakirly S, Deirs N, Hassan A, Ghoneima A. Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of airway volume in growing class II patients treated with Frankel II appliance. Head Face Med 2024; 20:11. [PMID: 38365681 PMCID: PMC10873944 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-024-00410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the airway volume changes associated with the use of Frankel appliance (FR II) in Class II malocclusion patients using three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (3D CBCT) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of 31 Class II malocclusion patients (mean age 9.24 ± 1.93 years old, 17 males (54.8%) and 14 females (45.2%)) treated with FR II appliance by the same orthodontist for an average of 9 months ± 20 days. CBCT images were taken before and after treatment and upper airway volume changes were measured using Dolphin 3D software version11.0 (Dolphin Imaging, Chatsworth, CA) and statistically compared. RESULTS Airway volume of nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx and the total airway volume significantly increased after the use of FR II appliance. In addition, significant increase was reported in maxillary base, inter-molar, inter-premolar and inter-canine width. Significant increase in soft tissue thickness was only recorded opposite to CV2. CONCLUSION The use of the FR II appliance in growing subjects with Class II malocclusion led to a significant increase in the upper airway volume in addition to the anticipated dental and skeletal transverse expansion effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Jameel Ahmed
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, P.O. Box 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samira Diar-Bakirly
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, P.O. Box 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nelson Deirs
- Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amar Hassan
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, P.O. Box 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Ghoneima
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, P.O. Box 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Pubalan S, Zi Hong O, Yongxian T, Mabel L. Assessing effectiveness of WhatsApp messaging program in oral hygiene care for orthodontic patients: A randomised controlled trial. J Orthod 2024:14653125241230561. [PMID: 38366912 DOI: 10.1177/14653125241230561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the difference in the oral hygiene status of participants with fixed appliances between a 'weekly WhatsApp application oral hygiene message reminders' trial group and a 'verbal instructions' control group over a follow-up duration of 12 weeks. DESIGN Prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1 over a 12-week follow-up. SETTING Government Orthodontic Unit, Raub Dental Clinic, Raub, Pahang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 40 patients aged 13-25 years undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. METHODS The 40 patients were recruited and randomly allocated to a control (n = 20) or trial group (n = 20). Participants in the trial group received weekly oral hygiene reminders via the WhatsApp application for 12 weeks, while the control group did not receive any reminders. The primary outcome was oral hygiene, which was measured by the single-blinded examiner using the Orthodontic Plaque Index (OPI) at three orthodontic check-ups: baseline (T0); 6-week follow-up (T1); and 12-week follow-up (T2). RESULTS The mean age was 17 years, and 80% were female patients. At the end of the 12-week follow-up, improvements in OPI scores were observed, regardless of the intervention. At T2, the median OPI score for the trial group (n = 20) was 0 (interquartile range [IQR = 0) while that for the control group (n = 20) was 2 (IQR = 0). A Mann-Whitney U test revealed a statistically significant difference (P <0.05), with effect size r = 0.87 between the control and trial groups, whereby the latter witnessed marked improvement in OPI throughout the visits. No harms or adverse effects occurred in this trial. CONCLUSION The short-term findings demonstrated that participants receiving regular reminders of oral hygiene via WhatsApp messaging had a significant improvement in oral hygiene compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ooi Zi Hong
- Orthodontics, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Klinik Pergigian Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Temerloh, Titiwangsa, Wilayah Persekututan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teh Yongxian
- Orthodontics, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Klinik Pergigian Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Temerloh, Titiwangsa, Wilayah Persekututan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Low Mabel
- Orthodontics, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Tanjung Karang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Almarhoumi AA. Socio-economic and gender dynamics influence on the parental decision-making process for children's orthodontic care - A study in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. J Orthod Sci 2024; 13:5. [PMID: 38516110 PMCID: PMC10953714 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_184_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the socio-economic and personal factors that impact parental decisions regarding orthodontic treatment for their children in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A digital self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect data from 414 parents, focusing on their motivations and barriers that influence their decision-making process regarding orthodontic treatment. RESULTS Income level was the most significant factor in orthodontic decisions. Parents with higher incomes were twice as likely to choose orthodontic treatment for esthetic reasons compared to parents with middle incomes. The main incentive for seeking treatment was getting advice from dental professionals, with 60% of participants rating it as the most important factor. 34.5% of respondents identified cost as the main barrier, with middle-income parents being 151% more inclined to perceive it as a significant barrier compared to high-income parents. Gender dynamics revealed that mothers exhibited 48.9% greater concern regarding treatment costs compared to fathers, whereas fathers placed 2.105 times more importance on the orthodontist's reputation than mothers. CONCLUSION Income levels, along with other socio-economic factors and gender dynamics, have a significant influence on parental decisions regarding orthodontic care. Personalized consultations that address these variations are crucial for improving communication between patients and practitioners and increasing the accessibility of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim A. Almarhoumi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Hospital at Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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132
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Fathy Abo-Elmahasen MM, Shaaban AM, Elsaharty M, Mohamed AAS, Assadawy MI, El Sayed IS. Evaluation of the remineralizing effect of the chicken eggshell paste after removal of the fixed orthodontic appliance: An in vitro study. J Orthod Sci 2024; 13:7. [PMID: 38516108 PMCID: PMC10953725 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_194_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demineralization of the enamel surface, which appears as white spot lesions during and after removal of the fixed orthodontic appliance, is the most common disadvantage of the orthodontic treatment course. Using the remineralizing agents during and after orthodontic treatment helps to avoid those enamel defects. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to assess the remineralizing effect of the chicken eggshell powder on the demineralized enamel surfaces after debonding the orthodontic bracket system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The current study was performed on 80 prepared premolar crowns embedded into acrylic molds. The samples were prepared to receive routine steps of the bonding process for the bracket system. The paste of the chicken eggshell powder was added to the samples after the debonding process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to evaluate the remineralization effect of the chicken eggshell powder. Also, the Vickers microhardness tester was used to assess the enamel surface microhardness. RESULTS It was found that the mean value of the Ca/P ratio for the samples before bonding of the orthodontic bracket system was (4.17 ± 2.2). This value significantly decreased to (2 ± 1.3) after debonding of the orthodontic bracket system and then showed a significant increase to (4.79 ± 2.65) after remineralization. These results were assured by the values of the Vickers microhardness tester. CONCLUSION The chicken eggshell powder has an excellent remineralization effect for the demineralized enamel surface after debonding the orthodontic enamel surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adel M. Shaaban
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, (Cairo, Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elsaharty
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. S. Mohamed
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Menofia University, Shibin el Kom, Menofia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I. Assadawy
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, (Cairo, Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Sabry El Sayed
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, (Cairo, Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Nahidh M, Yassir YA, Marrapodi MM, Di Blasio M, Ronsivalle V, Cicciù M, Minervini G. A scanning electron microscopy investigation of the precision of three orthodontic bracket slot systems. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:221. [PMID: 38347491 PMCID: PMC10863106 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE One of the most imprortant factors in achieving ideal teeth positions is the precision of the slot dimensions of orthodontic brackets into the archwires are inserted.This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the dimensions of orthodontic bracket slots and molar buccal tube apertures and to compare them with the specifications provided by the manufacturers. METHOD A total of sixty brackets and ten molar buccal tubes with varying slot heights were examined using a scanning electron microscope from the mesial side. The dimensions and morphology of these bracket slots and buccal tubes apertures were assessed using the AutoCAD Software. A one-sample t-test was conducted to compare the measurements with the values provided by the manufacturer. RESULTS The findings of the present study indicated that the height of the measured bracket slots and buccal tube apertures dimensions were significantly larger than the actual dimensions and exhibiting divergent walls. On the other hand, the depth of the brackets slots showed significantly smaller values than the actual one. CONCLUSION A need for careful consideration when selecting a commercially accessible brand for everyday use is essential as certain materials may not meet acceptable standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nahidh
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yassir A Yassir
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Maria Maddalena Marrapodi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Marco Di Blasio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Center of Dentistry, University of Parma, Parma, 43126, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, 80121, Italy.
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Du Y, Xu B, Li Q, Peng C, Yang K. The role of mechanically sensitive ion channel Piezo1 in bone remodeling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1342149. [PMID: 38390363 PMCID: PMC10882629 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1342149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Piezo1 (2010) was identified as a mechanically activated cation channel capable of sensing various physical forces, such as tension, osmotic pressure, and shear force. Piezo1 mediates mechanosensory transduction in different organs and tissues, including its role in maintaining bone homeostasis. This review aimed to summarize the function and possible mechanism of Piezo1 in the mechanical receptor cells in bone tissue. We found that it is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugui Du
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Quiying Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuhan Peng
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Sweidan AT, El-Beialy AR, El-Mangoury NH, Mostafa YA, Dehis HM. Prevalence and factors influencing bullying among Egyptian schoolchildren. J Orthod 2024:14653125241229455. [PMID: 38323435 DOI: 10.1177/14653125241229455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of bullying among schoolchildren and to study the correlation between bullying and a specific type of malocclusion, self-esteem, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), the need for orthodontic treatment and socioeconomic status. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Low, middle and high socioeconomic-class schools in the same educational district in Cairo, Egypt. PARTICIPANTS A total of 324 Egyptian schoolchildren aged 11-14 years. METHODS Validated questionnaires were used to assess self-reported bullying frequency and intensity, self-esteem and OHRQoL. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used to assess the orthodontic treatment need and the participants' occlusion was classified according to the British Standard Incisors (BSI) classification. RESULTS Bullying was found to be prevalent in 61.7% of the sample. Regression analysis revealed that participants with a Class II division 1 incisor relationship had the highest odds ratio (OR) for predicting bullying (OR = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.38-2.15). Being bullied was significantly associated with lower self-esteem (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.13-0.78), worse OHRQoL (OR = 2.73, 95% CI = 1.95-3.15) and a high need for orthodontic treatment, as determined by the IOTN Dental Health Component score (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.05-1.95) and IOTN Aesthetic Component score (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.12-1.88). Moreover, participants in high and middle socioeconomic-class groups had a lower OR for predicting bullying than those in the low socioeconomic-class group (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.13-0.54). CONCLUSION The bullying prevalence among Egyptian schoolchildren aged 11-14 years was very high. The prevalence of bullying was higher in schoolchildren with higher orthodontic treatment need and Class II division 1 incisor relationship. Bullying was correlated to poor self-esteem as well as poor OHRQoL. In addition, low socioeconomic status was found to be a potential predictor for bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman T Sweidan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Fifth Settlement, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr R El-Beialy
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa H El-Mangoury
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Fifth Settlement, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yehya A Mostafa
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Fifth Settlement, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Dehis
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Liu C, Wei Z, Jian F, McIntyre G, Millett DT, Lai W, Wang Y. Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 2:CD007859. [PMID: 38319008 PMCID: PMC10845215 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007859.pub5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initial arch wires are the first arch wires inserted into fixed appliance at the beginning of orthodontic treatment. With a number of different types of orthodontic arch wires available for initial tooth alignment, it is important to understand which are most efficient and which cause the least amount of root resorption and pain during the initial aligning stage of treatment. This is the third update of a Cochrane review first published in 2010. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of initial arch wires for the alignment of teeth with fixed orthodontic braces, in terms of the rate of tooth alignment, amount of root resorption accompanying tooth movement, and intensity of pain experienced by patients during the initial alignment stage of treatment. SEARCH METHODS We searched Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and two ongoing trials registries on 4 July 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of different initial arch wires used to align teeth with fixed orthodontic braces. We included people with full-arch fixed orthodontic appliances on the upper arch, lower arch, or both arches. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two independent review authors were responsible for study selection, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias in included studies. We contacted corresponding authors of included studies to obtain missing information. We resolved disagreements by discussion between the review authors. Our main outcomes were alignment rate (movement of teeth in mm), root resorption, time to alignment, and intensity of pain measured on a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). We pooled data from studies with similar interventions and outcomes using random-effects models. We reported mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous data, risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs for dichotomous data, and alignment rate ratios with 95% CIs for time-to-event data. Two independent review authors assessed the certainty of evidence. We resolved disagreements by discussion between the review authors. MAIN RESULTS We included 29 RCTs with 1915 participants (2581 arches) in this review. Studies were generally small (sample sizes ranged from 14 to 200 participants). Duration of follow-up varied between three days and six months. Eleven studies received funding, six received no funding, and 12 provided no information about funding sources. We judged eight studies at high risk of bias, nine at low risk, and 12 at unclear risk. We grouped the studies into six main comparisons. Multistrand stainless steel wires versus wires composed of other materials Six studies with 409 participants (545 arches) evaluated multistrand stainless steel (StSt) wires versus wires composed of other materials. We are very uncertain about the effect of multistrand StSt wires versus other wires on alignment rate (4 studies, 281 participants, 417 arches; very low-certainty evidence). There may be little to no difference between multistrand StSt wires and other wires in terms of intensity of pain (MD -2.68 mm, 95% CI -6.75 to 1.38; 2 studies, 127 participants, 127 arches; low-certainty evidence). Conventional nickel-titanium wires versus superelastic nickel-titanium wires Four studies with 266 participants (274 arches) evaluated conventional nickel-titanium (NiTi) wires versus superelastic NiTi wires. There may be little to no difference between the different wire types in terms of alignment rate (124 participants, 124 arches, 2 studies; low-certainty evidence) and intensity of pain (MD -0.29 mm, 95% CI -1.10 to 0.52; 2 studies, 142 participants, 150 arches; low-certainty evidence). Conventional nickel-titanium wires versus thermoelastic copper-nickel-titanium wires Three studies with 210 participants (210 arches) evaluated conventional Ni-Ti versus thermoelastic copper-nickel-titanium (CuNiTi) wires. We are very uncertain about the effects of the different arch wires on alignment rate (1 study, 66 participants, 66 arches; very low-certainty evidence). There may be little to no difference between conventional NiTi wires and thermoelastic CuNiTi wires in terms of time to alignment (alignment rate ratio 1.30, 95% CI 0.68 to 2.50; 1 study, 60 participants, 60 arches; low-certainty evidence). Superelastic nickel-titanium wires versus thermoelastic nickel-titanium wires Twelve studies with 703 participants (936 arches) evaluated superelastic NiTi versus thermoelastic NiTi wires. There may be little to no difference between superelastic NiTi wires and thermoelastic NiTi wires in alignment rate at four weeks (MD -0.28 mm, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.06; 5 studies, 183 participants, 183 arches; low-certainty evidence). We are very uncertain about the effects of the different wires on root resorption (2 studies, 52 participants, 312 teeth; very low-certainty evidence). Superelastic NiTi wires compared with thermoelastic NiTi wires may result in a slight increase in time to alignment (MD 0.5 months, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.79; 1 study, 32 participants, 32 arches; low-certainty evidence) but are probably associated with a slight increase in intensity of pain (MD 6.96 mm, 95% CI 1.82 to 12.10; 3 studies, 94 participants, 138 arches, moderate-certainty evidence). Single-strand superelastic nickel-titanium wires versus coaxial superelastic nickel-titanium wires Three studies with 104 participants (104 arches) evaluated single-strand superelastic NiTi versus coaxial superelastic NiTi wires. Use of single-strand superelastic NiTi wires compared with coaxial superelastic NiTi wires probably results in a slight reduction in alignment rate at four weeks (MD -2.64 mm, 95% CI -4.61 to -0.67; 2 studies, 64 participants, 64 arches, moderate-certainty evidence). Different sizes of nickel-titanium wires Two studies with 149 participants (232 arches) compared different types of NiTi wires. There may be little to no difference between different sizes of NiTi wires in terms of pain (low-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Superelastic NiTi wires probably produce slightly more pain after one day than thermoelastic NiTi wires, and single-strand superelastic NiTi wires probably have a lower alignment rate over four weeks compared with coaxial superelastic NiTi wires. All other evidence on alignment rate, root resorption, time to alignment, and pain is of low or very low certainty in all comparisons. Therefore, there is insufficient evidence to determine whether any particular arch wire material or size is superior to any other. The findings of this review are imprecise and unreliable; well-designed larger studies are needed to give better estimates of the benefits and harms of different arch wires. Orthodontists should exercise caution when interpreting the findings of this review and be prepared to adapt their treatment plans based on individual patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Information Management (Department of Dental Informatics), Department of Evidence-Based Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Declan T Millett
- Oral Health and Development, Cork University Dental School and Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Wenli Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Sabbagh H, Haas E, Baumert U, Seidel CL, Hötzel L, Wichelhaus A. Biomechanical Simulation of Orthodontic En-Bloc Retraction Comparing Compound Technique and Sliding Mechanics Using a HOSEA Robotic Device. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:153. [PMID: 38391639 PMCID: PMC10886252 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
En-bloc retraction is a common procedure in orthodontic therapy. The application of palatal root torque moments is required to control incisor inclination during retraction, yet studies comparing forces and moments with respect to different mechanics are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the forces and moments during orthodontic en-bloc retraction using a robotic biomechanical simulation system, comparing two distinct approaches: (I) compound technique [stainless steel (SS) combined with nickel-titanium (NiTi)] using industrially pretorqued retraction-torque-archwires (RTA) in combination with NiTi closed coil springs; (II) conventional sliding mechanics using SS archwires with manually applied anterior twist bends in combination with elastic chains. Two dimensions (0.017" × 0.025" and 0.018" × 0.025") and ten archwires per group were investigated using 0.022" slot self-ligating brackets. Kruskal-Wallis tests with a significance level of α = 0.05 were conducted. The biomechanical simulation showed that en-bloc retraction was characterized by a series of tipping and uprighting movements, differing significantly regarding the examined mechanics. Collateral forces and moments occurred in all groups. Notably, RTA exhibited fewer extrusive forces. The most bodily movement was achieved with the compound technique and the 0.018" × 0.025" RTA. Sliding mechanics exhibited maximum palatal root torque moments of more than 20 Nmm, exceeding recommended values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Sabbagh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen Haas
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Baumert
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Corinna Lesley Seidel
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Linus Hötzel
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Wichelhaus
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Ranganathan P, Sugumaran V, Purushothaman B, Rajendran AR, Subramanian B. Rapidly derived equimolar Ca: P phasic bioactive glass infused flexible gelatin multi-functional scaffolds - A promising tissue engineering. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106264. [PMID: 38029463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to design and fabricate an ultra-easier multi-functional biomedical polymeric scaffold loaded with unique equimolar Ca:P phasic bioactive glass material (BG). Gelatin (G) - 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds were synthesized via a simple laboratory refrigerator with higher biocompatibility and cytocompatibility. The results proved that BG has enhanced bio-mineralization of the scaffolds and results support that the G: BG (1:2) ratio is the more appropriate composition. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) study confirms the higher surface area for pure Gelatin and G: BG (1:2). Scanning Electron Microscopic images display the precipitation of hydroxycarbonate apatite layer over the scaffolds on immersing it in simulated body fluid. Alkaline phosphate activity proved that G: BG (1:2) scaffold could induce mitogenesis in MG-63 osteoblast cells, thus helping in hard tissue regeneration. Sirius red collagen deposition showed that higher content bioactive glass incorporated Gelatin polymeric scaffold G: BG (1:2) could induce rapid collagen secretion of NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell line that could help in soft tissue regeneration and earlier wound healing. The scaffolds were also tested for cell viability using NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell lines and MG 63 osteoblastic cell lines through methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Thus, the study shows a scaffold of appropriate composition G: BG (1:2) can be a multifunctional material to regenerate hard and soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Ranganathan
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India; Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Vijayakumari Sugumaran
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Bargavi Purushothaman
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Vellapanchavadi, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ajay Rakkesh Rajendran
- Functional Nano-Materials (FuN) Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balakumar Subramanian
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
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139
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Lee KE, Koo JY, Ye JR, Chae YK, Lee HS, Choi SC, Nam OH. Three-dimensional analysis of the alveolar ridge profiles of maxillary central incisors in children for autotransplantation. Ann Anat 2024; 252:152193. [PMID: 38016625 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sufficient alveolar housing is fundamental to ensure the favorable prognosis of autotransplanted teeth. However, little is known about the alveolar ridge profiles of the anterior maxilla in children. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the alveolar ridge profiles of the anterior maxilla in growing children. METHODS A total of 169 Korean children aged 10-13 years old were included in this retrospective study. Demographic data and cone-beam computed tomography scans of 244 maxillary central incisors were collected. For each tooth, the alveolar ridge thickness was determined at 1-, 3-, and 5-mm levels below the cemento-enamel junction. The alveolar process height and labial concavity were also evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences according to age and sex. RESULTS The alveolar ridge thickness did not differ according to age. The alveolar ridge thickness in males was significantly greater than that in females among those aged 10 and 11 years. The average alveolar process height was 17.43 ± 2.22 mm. The alveolar process height hardly changed with age from 10-13 years, whereas the alveolar process height of males was significantly greater compared with that of females among those aged 10 years. The labial concavity was approximately 150˚, with no significant differences between age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, the anatomy of the alveolar ridge in the maxillary central incisors showed sufficient capacity as a recipient site for autotransplantation using mandibular premolars, especially in males. These findings serve as a valuable resource for facilitating autotransplantation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon Young Koo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Ri Ye
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Kwon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Seol Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Chul Choi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ok Hyung Nam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Arandi NZ, Rabi T. Mandibular Second Premolar Agenesis: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study from Palestine. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S125-S129. [PMID: 38595493 PMCID: PMC11001156 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_414_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This retrospective study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars. Materials and Methods A total of 1,843 radiographs were collected from five different cities in Palestine. Two experienced dentists independently examined the panoramic radiographs and demographic data (age and gender). Results Among the 1,843 radiographs, 1,039 were for females (57.37%) and 804 were for males (43.63%); 13 cases had at least one congenitally mandibular second premolar. The prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars in the study population was 0.7%. There was no significant association between gender and mandibular second premolar agenesis. Unilateral agenesis was more common than bilateral, and the left side had more cases of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars than the right side. Conclusions The prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars in this study population was 0.7%, within the range reported in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naji Z. Arandi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Tarek Rabi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Quds University, Palestine
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Cen X, Pan X, Wang R, Huang X, Zhao Z. The complex of tannic acid and cetylpyridinium chloride: An antibacterial and stain-removal cleaner for aligners. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2024; 165:173-185. [PMID: 37906245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effective aligner hygiene is recognized as an important part of orthodontic treatments and oral hygiene. However, there is no effective cleansing method for removable aligners. METHODS In this study, we incorporated tannic acid (TA) with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) to develop the TA-CPC complex. The antibacterial properties of 15.8 mg/mL TA-CPC against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated in vitro, which were compared with 5.1 mg/mL TA, 10.7 mg/mL CPC, a commercial denture cleansing solution (YA; 15 mg/mL), and water. As for the assessment of stain-removal ability, the aligners stained by coffee were soaked in cleansing solutions, and the color changes (ΔE∗) were calculated on the basis of the CIE L∗a∗b∗ color system, and the National Bureau of Standards system was used for the clinical interpretation of the color change. Atomic force microscope examination, tensile property assessment, and wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis were performed to investigate the material compatibility of TA-CPC, and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and live/dead assay were used to test the cytotoxicity of TA-CPC. RESULTS The results showed that TA-CPC had a positive zeta-potential, and cation-π interaction changed the chemical environments of the phenyl group in TA-CPC, resulting in greater inhibition zones of S. aureus and E. coli than other cleaners. The quantification of the biofilm biomass and the fluorescent intensities also reflected that the TA-CPC solution exhibited better antibacterial ability. As for the ability of stain removal, ΔE∗ value of group TA-CPC was 2.84 ± 0.55, whereas those of stained aligners immersed with deionized distilled water, TA, YA, and CPC were 10.26 ± 0.04, 9.54 ± 0.24, 5.93 ± 0.36, and 4.69 ± 0.35, respectively. The visual inspection and National Bureau of Standards ratings also showed that the color of stained aligners cleansed by TA-CPC was much lighter than those of the other groups. Meanwhile, TA-CPC had good compatibility with the aligner material and cells. CONCLUSIONS TA-CPC is a promising strategy to inhibit the formation of biofilms and remove the stains on the aligners safely, which may disinfect the aligners to improve oral health and help keep the transparent appearances of aligners without impacting the morphology and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuefeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperative Base of Biomedical Materials and Technology, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.
| | - Xinqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Alharbi A. Assessment of a Bracket-Bonding System's Shear Bond Strength after it has been Cured using Various Light-Curing Units at Different Time Intervals. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S702-S703. [PMID: 38595381 PMCID: PMC11000987 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_950_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess a bracket-bonding system's shear bond strength cured with dissimilar light-curing units at different time intervals. Materials and Method Sixty premolar teeth removed for orthodontic purposes were categorized into four types based on the light-curing unit and exposure times used. The specimens in the halogen group were exposed to light for 15 (Group I) and 30 (Group II) sec, respectively. The specimens were exposed to light for 10 (Group III) and 15 sec in the LED group (Group IV). The amount of adhesive still present on the teeth was measured using a stereomicroscope at a magnification of 10 and was then assessed with the help of adhesive remnant index (ARI). Result The group with the highest mean SBS was in Group II followed by Group I, Group III, and the group with the lowest mean SBS. The ARI was unaffected by the light-curing technique, with score 2 predominating. Conclusion In all groups, polymerization using halogen and LED led to SBS values that were clinically suitable for orthodontic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Alharbi
- Department of Orthodontic and Paediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
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Sowmya C, Brahmini P, Thimmaiah MK, Thakkar R, Kumar S, Naik MK. Evaluation of Bond Strength and Adhesive Remnant Index of Different Lingual Retainers in Human Incisor Teeth. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S276-S278. [PMID: 38595395 PMCID: PMC11000966 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_491_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate and compare the bond strengths of four different lingual retainers and assess the adhesive remnant index (ARI) to determine their effectiveness in orthodontic retention. Methodology Eighty human incisor teeth were divided into four groups, with each group bonded using a different retainer: Group 1 (E-Glass retainer), Group 2 (0.017" Co-axial stainless steel wire), Group 3 (Splint C.T. fiber mesh), and Group 4 (0.010" stainless steel ligature wire). Bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine, and ARI scores were recorded to assess bond failure types. Results Group 1 (E-Glass retainer) demonstrated the highest bond strength, followed by Group 3 (Splint C.T. fiber mesh), Group 2 (Co-axial stainless steel wire), and Group 4 (stainless steel ligature wire). Cohesive bond failures were observed in most groups, except for the co-axial stainless steel wire group, which exhibited adhesive failures. Conclusion E-Glass fiber-reinforced retainers showed the highest bond strength, making them a promising alternative to conventional stainless steel wires for orthodontic retention, especially in patients with esthetic concerns or nickel hypersensitivity. Stainless steel retainer groups exhibited lower bond strengths, and cohesive bond failures were prevalent. Further research is needed to validate these findings in clinical settings and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of different lingual retainers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherukupalli Sowmya
- Department of Orthodontics, Panineeya Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Puthamakula Brahmini
- Department of Orthodontics, Panineeya Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manjula K. Thimmaiah
- Department of Orthodontics, Sri Siddhartha Dental College and Hospital, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
| | - Radhika Thakkar
- BDS, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dental Institute, RIMS Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Moode K. Naik
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Government Dental College and Hospital, ESI Road, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Gopalakrishna S, Rajmohan M, Thakkar R, Ramesh Kannur J, Kamadal N, Malhotra A, Tiwari RVC. Choice of Surgeons in Retractors used in Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery: An Original Research. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S261-S264. [PMID: 38595442 PMCID: PMC11000989 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_485_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To ensure optimal exposure and enable precise tissue manipulation, cleft lip and palate abnormalities require surgical repair utilizing retractors. Different retractors may affect surgical outcomes; however, this is not yet evident. Examining surgeon preferences for retractors in cleft lip and palate surgery and assessing their impact on patient outcomes were the goals of this study. Materials and Methods The patients who underwent primary cleft lip and palate repair were retrospectively analyzed. This study evaluated three widely used retractors: the Langenbeck, Gelpi, and Moult Mouth Gag retractors. This study looked at demographic information, surgical results (including scarring, aesthetic outcomes, and wound healing issues), and surgeon preferences for retractors. Results The study identified differences in surgical outcomes related to various retractor types. Both Group A (Langenbeck retractor) and Group B (Gelpi retractor) demonstrated similar favorable results, such as little wound healing issues, less scarring, and pleasing cosmetic results. The wound healing issues, scarring, and cosmetic outcomes were all worse in Group C (Moult Mouth Gag retractor). Conclusion Retractors were not always preferred by surgeons doing cleft lip and palate surgery. The type of retractor had an impact on the surgical results; the Moult Mouth Gag retractor performed less well than the Langenbeck and Gelpi retractors. These results highlight the value of using evidence-based criteria to select retractors more effectively and enhance surgical methods for better patient outcomes in cleft lip and palate repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Gopalakrishna
- Department of Dentistry, Kodagu Institute of Medical Sciences, Madikeri, Karnataka, India
| | - M. Rajmohan
- Department of Dental Surgery, KAPV Government Medical College and Hospital, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Radhika Thakkar
- BDS, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Jnanesh Ramesh Kannur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Consultant, Harneshwar Multi-Speciality Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neelamma Kamadal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Al Ameen Dental College, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Aayush Malhotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, M.M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Rahul V. C. Tiwari
- Consultant, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, OMNI and Andhra Hospitals, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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145
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Tariq R, Khan MT, Afaq A, Tariq S, Tariq Y, Khan SS. Malocclusion: Prevalence and Determinants among Adolescents of Karachi, Pakistan. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:143-153. [PMID: 37059446 PMCID: PMC10959627 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and its associated demographic and clinical factors in young adolescents (13-15 years) of Karachi, Pakistan. MATERIALS AND METHODS An epidemiological survey included 500 young adolescents of registered schools, madrassas (Islamic education system), and shop workers of Gulshan-e-Iqbal Town. It was a cross-sectional analytical study design. Multistage random sampling technique was used to enroll participants. The pattern of occlusion was recorded with other related features using Angle's classification. Health status was recorded through World Health Organization-guided indices (decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth [DMFT], community periodontal index of treatment needs [CPITN], and body mass index [BMI]). The information, thus, obtained was analyzed through SPSS using the chi-squared test and regression models. RESULTS Forty four percent of the participants were female, while overall estimated prevalence of malocclusion in young adolescents of Karachi was 57.4%. After adjustments, participants going to any kind of education system had less malocclusion in comparison to those who were not going to any education system (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.305, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.12-0.73); mother's education especially higher level (aOR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.08-3.75) and presence of periodontal disease (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.06-2.33) were significantly associated with malocclusion. CONCLUSION This study showed that the class I malocclusion is prevalent in the local community. Demographic factors like gender, age, self-reported ethnicity, and BMI did not show any significant role. Education or knowledge of parents and young adolescents does play an influential role in decreasing malocclusion. Young adolescents, who are more prone to oral health problems at an early age, would have more chances to develop occlusal discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Tariq
- Department of Research, School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khan
- School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ashar Afaq
- Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Tariq
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Tariq
- Center of Advanced Consultants in Healthcare Education and Training, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Shakil Khan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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Frank K, Zeng R, Sedlbauer S, Prantl L, Giunta R, Cotofana S, Moellhoff N, Alfertshofer M, Kaye K, Brébant V. The Influence of Scar Patterns After Reduction Mammoplasty on Eye Movement and Gaze Pattern: An Eye-Tracking Investigation. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:250-258. [PMID: 37853080 PMCID: PMC10917861 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that scars are acknowledged as the primary cause of postoperative dissatisfaction following reduction mammoplasty, it is imperative to comprehend the patient's visual perception of different scar patterns in order to enhance patient satisfaction. To achieve this, eye-tracking technology provides an unbiased method of evaluating how observers assess breast scars. METHODS 58 participants (32 females and 26 males) between the ages of 19 and 82 years (mean age of 29.47 ± 10.98 years) were shown 18 color photographs, taken at 3 viewing angles (right 45° oblique, frontal and frontal view with arms raised), from 6 patients undergone reduction mammoplasty with the inverted T-scar technique (3 patients) or no-vertical-scar technique (3 patients). The images were presented to every participant for a fixed duration of 5 s each. Eye-tracking device was used to collect and analyze the gaze data of viewers. RESULTS The nipple-areola complex (NAC) and the periareolar scar captured observers' gaze faster, had longer duration and more count of eye fixation than all other parts of breast scars, regardless of the viewing angle and scar pattern. Moreover, the scar region in the inverted T-scar pattern received greater and faster visual attraction of observer's gaze than the no-vertical-scar pattern. CONCLUSION The NAC and the periareolar scar seem to be perceived as the most important regions for breast aesthetics. The findings can be helpful to assist plastic surgeons in determining the most appropriate technique for reduction mammoplasty, meanwhile underlining the importance of a fine periareolar scar and symmetric NAC for excellent aesthetic outcomes. This is to our best knowledge the first study using eye-tracking technology in evaluating reduction mammoplasty outcomes. This study explored the influence of different scar patterns after reduction mammoplasty on eye movements and gaze patterns among observers. The study have validated the significance of the NAC and the periareolar scar for breast aesthetics and revealed that the scar region in the inverted T-scar pattern may be judged less visually attractive than the no-vertical-scar pattern. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui Zeng
- Department for Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sedlbauer
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Riccardo Giunta
- Department for Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cotofana
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Moellhoff
- Department for Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Alfertshofer
- Department for Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Vanessa Brébant
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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147
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Chawshli OF, Hasan HS, Yalda FA, Al-Talabani SZ. The success rate of mini-screws for incisors intrusion and patient age, gender, and insertion angle in the maxilla using CBCT and implant-guided surgery. A split-mouth, randomized control trail. Orthod Craniofac Res 2024; 27:118-125. [PMID: 37496467 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The intrusion of anterior teeth is a routine procedure in orthodontics, which has been performed efficiently with the help of mini-screws in the anterior region, especially the upper maxilla. This study aimed to investigate the effect of insertion angle and sociodemographic features on the success rate of mini-screws at the anterior maxillary region. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients (18 Females and 11 Males) aged 18-40 years old were involved in the current study. A split-mouth design was carried out in which recruited patients needed bilateral anterior screws at the labial bone in the region of the incisor for the intrusion of upper anterior incisor teeth as part of their orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance (upper right side received 90-degree insertion angle mini-screw and 45° for left side) using a surgical guide fabricated from patients CBCT and intraoral scans. The mini-screws were inserted at the attached gingiva bilaterally to achieve intrusion of upper anterior teeth with a power chain ligated from the main archwire to the anterior min-implants. The patient was recalled monthly for orthodontic appliance activation and screw assessment for 6 months. The intrusion force was 15 g on each side. RESULTS The results of the study showed that screw stability was higher in the male group than the female group at the 6th monthly follow-up visit with a statistically significant difference between both genders (P = .044). Concerning insertion angle, results showed a statistically significant difference between 45° and 90° as an insertion angle with a P-value <.01 in most of the follow-up months. CONCLUSION This study found that male patients with mini-screws inserted at 90° showed greater screw stability over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Fawzi Chawshli
- The Department of Pedodontics, Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hasan Sabah Hasan
- Orthodontic Department, Azadi Dental Center, General Directorate of Hawler, Ministry of Health, Erbil, Iraq
- Orthodontic Department, Privet Specialized Dental Clinic, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Fedil Andraws Yalda
- The Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Shaho Z Al-Talabani
- P.O.P Department, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
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148
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Radwan ES, Maher A, Montasser MA. Effect of functional appliances on sleep-disordered breathing in Class II division 1 malocclusion children: Randomized controlled trial. Orthod Craniofac Res 2024; 27:126-138. [PMID: 37522361 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A randomized controlled trial was undertaken to investigate the orthopaedic effect of functional appliances on the pharyngeal airway space and nocturnal breathing of children with skeletal class II due to mandibular retrusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients were randomized into a 1:1 ratio study (Twin block) group and a control (fixed appliance) group. Each group included equal numbers of boys and girls. Diagnosis with sleep-disordered breathing was not an inclusion criterion. The duration of the trial was 12 months (T0 - T12). Eligibility criteria included skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion with mandibular retrognathism, SNA ≥82, SNB ≤78, ANB ≥4, overjet ≥6 mm, and patients in circumpubertal stage CVM2 and CVM3. The main outcomes were pharyngeal airway volume, oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), while the secondary outcomes were skeletal and dental changes of the maxilla and mandible. Randomization was accomplished with random blocks of 20 patients with allocation concealed in sequentially numbered, opaque, and sealed envelopes. Blinding was only applicable for data analysis of radiographic measurements and data extracted from the pulse oximeter. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 10 ± 1.5 and 10 ± 1.2 at (T0) for the Twin Block and the control groups, respectively. The changes in the oropharyngeal (2.66 cc and 0.056; P = .03) and nasopharyngeal (1.3 cc and 0.84; P = .053) airway volumes for the Twin block and control groups, respectively, were significantly different for the oropharynx. There was a significant decrease in ODI by [median -3.55 (-5.05 to 0.50); P ≤ .001] and a significant increase [median 45 (0.0-110); P ≤ .001] in MEP for the Twin block group. A significant inverse correlation (r = -.589; P = .006) could be found between the total volume of the oropharynx and ODI. No serious harm was observed. CONCLUSIONS The Twin block group showed significant change in oropharyngeal airway volume and improvement of nocturnal breathing. REGISTRATION This trial was registered at https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov, registration number NCT04255511.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Radwan
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A Maher
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - M A Montasser
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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149
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Alfawzan AA. Evaluation of Patient Acceptance and Compliance with Clear Aligners vs. Lingual Braces: A Randomized Trial. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S546-S548. [PMID: 38595386 PMCID: PMC11001114 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_854_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of orthodontic treatments is often influenced by patient acceptance and compliance. This study aims to compare patient acceptance and compliance between clear aligners and lingual braces in a randomized clinical trial. Materials and Methods A total of 100 patients requiring orthodontic treatment were randomly allocated into two groups: clear aligners (n = 50) and lingual braces (n = 50). Data on patient acceptance and compliance were collected through self-reported questionnaires and clinical observations over a period of 12 months. Results Patient acceptance was significantly higher in the clear aligner group, with 80% reporting high levels of comfort, compared to 60% in the lingual braces group (P < 0.05). Compliance rates were 92% for clear aligners and 85% for lingual braces (P = 0.1). Conclusion Clear aligners showed a higher level of patient acceptance and a slightly better compliance rate, although the difference was not statistically significant. These findings suggest that clear aligners may be a preferable option for patients prioritizing comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Alfawzan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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150
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Viana G, Virji I, Susarchick L, Allareddy V, Lown S, Gruber M, Lukic H, Megremis S, Atsawasuwan P. Comparison of light transmittance and color changes between polyurethane and copolyester retainer materials after staining and destaining. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:144. [PMID: 38297268 PMCID: PMC10829172 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03887-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retainers are the only effective approach to prevent orthodontic relapse. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in color and light-transmittance of rough and smooth thermoformed polyurethane and copolymer retainer samples after staining in different solutions and destaining with different approaches. METHODS Four hundred copolyester (Essix® ACE) and 400 polyurethane (Zendura®) samples with different surface textures, smooth and rough, were stained in 4 different solutions (n = 100 per solution) over 28 days. Each of the four groups of 100 stained samples of each material was subdivided into 5 groups of 20 samples and subjected to different destaining solutions. Light transmittance and color changes were evaluated using a spectrometer and a spectrophotometer. Mean differences were compared using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and posthoc multiple comparison tests at P = 0.05. RESULTS No significant differences in light transmittance were found between both untreated materials. Both materials were stained in a similar fashion and showed no significant differences between two materials after staining. Coffee and tea stained both materials more significantly than wine, but there was a significant difference of changes of color and light transmittance between rough and smooth surfaces during the destaining in coffee- and tea-stained samples of copolyester material. All destaining solutions were effective at removing all stains on the samples. The surface roughness of the material plays a significant role in the ability of the materials to be destained, demonstrating a more significant greater effect on cleaning rough samples for improvements in light-transmittance and greater changes in color. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that the surface of materials plays a significant role in the material destaining and staining. In addition, the different polymers used for retainer fabrication exhibited different responses during the destaining process depending on types of stains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Viana
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Insia Virji
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Laurie Susarchick
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | | | - Sullivan Lown
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Max Gruber
- Dental Materials & Devices Research - American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA
| | - Henry Lukic
- Dental Materials & Devices Research - American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA
| | - Spiro Megremis
- Dental Materials & Devices Research - American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, 60610, USA
| | - Phimon Atsawasuwan
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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