1901
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Zhang Q, Li Q, Zhu J, Guo H, Zhai Q, Li B, Jin Y, He X, Jin F. Comparison of therapeutic effects of different mesenchymal stem cells on rheumatoid arthritis in mice. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7023. [PMID: 31198641 PMCID: PMC6553443 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and nonspecific autoimmune disease, which leads to joint destruction and deformity. To investigate the potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a new therapeutic strategy for patients with RA, we compared the therapeutic effects of bone marrow derived MSCs (BMSCs), umbilical cord derived MSCs (UCs), and stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Methods A total of 24 DBA/1 mice were infused with type II collagen to induce RA in the experimental model. MSC-treated mice were infused with UCs, BMSCs, and SHED, respectively. Bone erosion and joint destruction were measured by micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured by immunohistochemistry and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results Systemic delivery of MSCs significantly improved the severity of the symptoms related to CIA to greater extent compared with the untreated control group. Micro-CT revealed reduced bone erosions in the metatarsophalangeal joints upon treatment with MSCs. Additionally, according to histologic evaluation, reduced synovitis and articular destruction were observed in MSC-treated groups. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the serum and joints decreased with treatment by MSCs. Conclusion Our findings suggest that systemic infusion of UCs, BMSCs, and SHED may significantly alleviate the effects of RA. The therapeutic effect of BMSCs was greater than that of SHED, while the UCs were shown to have the best therapeutic effect on CIA mice. In conclusion, compared with BMSCs and SHED, UCs may be a more suitable source of MSCs for the treatment of patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qihong Li
- Department of Stomatology, the Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiming Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoning He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical Universit, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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1902
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Cañedo-Dorantes L, Cañedo-Ayala M. Skin Acute Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Inflam 2019; 2019:3706315. [PMID: 31275545 PMCID: PMC6582859 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3706315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental work of the last two decades has revealed the general steps of the wound healing process. This complex network has been organized in three sequential and overlapping steps. The first step of the inflammatory phase is an immediate response to injury; primary sensory neurons sense injury and send danger signals to the brain, to stop bleeding and start inflammation. The following target of the inflammatory phase, led by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, is to eliminate the pathogens and clean the wound. Once this is completed, the inflammatory phase is resolved and homeostasis is restored. The aim of the proliferative phase, the second phase, is to repair wound damage and begin tissue remodeling. Fibroplasia, reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and peripheral nerve repair are the central actions of this phase. Lastly, the objective of the final phase is to complete tissue remodeling and restore skin integrity. This review provides present day information regarding the status of the participant cells, extracellular matrix, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their interactions with the microenvironment during the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cañedo-Dorantes
- Research Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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1903
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Oshrine BR, Shyr D, Hale G, Petrovic A. Low-dose azacitidine for relapse prevention after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in children with myeloid malignancies. Pediatr Transplant 2019; 23:e13423. [PMID: 31012242 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of children who relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT) for myeloid malignancies remains poor. PROCEDURE To describe the safety and feasibility of post-transplant azacitidine for relapse prevention, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of 18 children undergoing alloHCT for myeloid malignancies. RESULTS There were 15 evaluable patients since three patients did not receive planned azacitidine due to early relapse or TRM. Azacitidine (32 mg/m2 /dose for 5 days, in 28-day cycles as tolerated up to 1 year post-transplant) was started at a median of 66 days post-transplant (range 42-118). Two-thirds (10/15) of patients received eight or more cycles. Five patients stopped therapy early, only one attributable to toxicity. Mild myelosuppression was the most common reason for cycle delays. Dose modifications were made in three patients. There were three relapses, two of which occurred in patients in CR2 and one in CR1, with a median follow-up of 20 months (range 12.5-28), and no TRM in patients who received azacitidine. CONCLUSIONS Post-transplant azacitidine in children is safe and feasible, with most patients successfully receiving all planned cycles. Despite the limitations of a small cohort, low relapse incidence suggests a potential benefit in disease control that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Oshrine
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | - David Shyr
- Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Gregory Hale
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
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1904
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Herrick AL. Raynaud's phenomenon. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2019; 4:89-101. [PMID: 35382391 PMCID: PMC8922643 DOI: 10.1177/2397198319826467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Raynaud's phenomenon can be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary to underlying disease including systemic sclerosis. Primary Raynaud's phenomenon is very common, affecting approximately 3%-5% of the general population. Although much rarer, systemic sclerosis-related Raynaud's phenomenon can be particularly severe, progressing to digital ulceration in approximately 50% of patients. Raynaud's phenomenon can have a major impact on quality of life. This review has a focus on the systemic sclerosis-related Raynaud's phenomenon (which is the most researched form of Raynaud's phenomenon and probably the most challenging to treat) and on recent advances. Epidemiology (including transition from 'isolated' to systemic sclerosis-related Raynaud's phenomenon), pathogenesis, diagnosis and assessment are discussed, followed by the treatment of both 'uncomplicated' and 'complicated' Raynaud's phenomena (i.e. Raynaud's phenomenon which has progressed to digital ulceration and/or critical ischaemia). Finally, some of the major challenges for the next 5-10 years are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane L Herrick
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Manchester, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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1905
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity is a state of chronic inflammation. This review aims to summarize recent data supporting the role of the intestinal mucosal barrier and the microbiome in causing adipose tissue inflammation as well as metabolic factors that can affect the intestinal barrier. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity and its metabolic consequences, such as diabetes mellitus, are associated with disruption of the intestinal barrier function. Intestinal microbiota and diet play a key role in the maintenance of a healthy intestinal epithelium. Intestinal barrier dysfunction can lead to heightened inflammation, which in turn can further damage the intestinal barrier through the disruption of tight junction proteins. Intestinal barrier breakdown is associated with adipose tissue inflammation in different disease states, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, HIV, and inflammatory bowel disease. Future therapeutic strategies to ameliorate intestinal barrier function may help reduce inflammation in obesity and other chronic conditions of increased intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lediya Cheru
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, LON-207, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Charles F Saylor
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, LON-207, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Janet Lo
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, LON-207, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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1906
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Bolte J, Vater C, Culla AC, Ahlfeld T, Nowotny J, Kasten P, Disch AC, Goodman SB, Gelinsky M, Stiehler M, Zwingenberger S. Two-step stem cell therapy improves bone regeneration compared to concentrated bone marrow therapy. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1318-1328. [PMID: 30628121 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cells are a promising tool to positively influence bone regeneration. Concentrated bone marrow therapy entails isolating osteoprogenitor cells during surgery with, however, only low cells yield. Two step stem cell therapy requires an additional harvesting procedure but generates high numbers of progenitor cells that facilitate osteogenic pre-differentiation. To further improve bone regeneration, stem cell therapy can be combined with growth factors from platelet rich plasma (PRP) or its lysate (PL) to potentially fostering vascularization. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bone marrow concentrate (BMC), osteogenic pre-differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and PL on bone regeneration and vascularization. Bone marrow from four different healthy human donors was used for either generation of BMC or for isolation of MSCs. Seventy-two mice were randomized to six groups (Control, PL, BMC, BMC + PL, pre-differentiated MSCs, pre-differentiated MSCs + PL). The influence of PL, BMC, and pre-differentiated MSCs was investigated systematically in a 2 mm femoral bone defect model. After a 6-week follow-up, the pre-differentiated MSCs + PL group showed the highest bone volume, highest grade of histological defect healing and highest number of bridged defects with measurable biomechanical stiffness. Using expanded and osteogenically pre-differentiated MSCs for treatment of a critical-size bone defect was favorable with regards to bone regeneration compared to treatment with cells from BMC. The addition of PL alone had no significant influence; therefore the role of PL for bone regeneration remains unclear. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1318-1328, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bolte
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Carla Culla
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Nowotny
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philip Kasten
- Orthopädisch Chirurgisches Centrum, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander C Disch
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maik Stiehler
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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1907
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Chu Y, Gardenswartz A, Termuhlen AM, Cairo MS. Advances in cellular and humoral immunotherapy - implications for the treatment of poor risk childhood, adolescent, and young adult B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2019; 185:1055-1070. [PMID: 30613939 PMCID: PMC6555680 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Patients with relapsed, refractory or advanced stage B non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) continue to have a dismal prognosis. This review summarises current and novel cellular and immunotherapy for these high-risk populations, including haematopoietic stem cell transplant, bispecific antibodies, viral-derived cytotoxic T cells, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and natural killer (NK) cell therapy, as discussed at the 6th International Symposium on Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma on September 26th-29th 2018 in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and explores the future of NK/CAR NK therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | | | - Amanda M. Termuhlen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mitchell S. Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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1908
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Ayala‐Cuellar AP, Cho J, Choi K. Toll‐like receptors: A pathway alluding to cancer control. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21707-21715. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patricia Ayala‐Cuellar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University Cheongju Chungbuk Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejin Cho
- Department of Dental Regenerative Biotechnology Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung‐Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine Chungbuk National University Cheongju Chungbuk Republic of Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Bio‐Engineering, TheraCell Bio & Science Cheongju Chungbuk Republic of Korea
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1909
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Nakamura Y. Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Mediated Tumor Response and Adverse Events. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:119. [PMID: 31192215 PMCID: PMC6549005 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, inhibitors targeting immune checkpoint molecules such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) brought about a major paradigm shift in cancer treatment. These immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improved the overall survival of a variety of cancer such as malignant melanoma and non-small lung cancer. In addition, numerous clinical trials for additional indication of ICIs including adjuvant and neo-adjuvant therapies are also currently ongoing. Therefore, more and more patients will receive ICIs in the future. However, despite the improved outcome of the cancer treatment by ICIs, the efficacy remains still limited and tumor regression have not been obtained in many cancer patients. In addition, treatment with ICIs is also associated with substantial toxicities, described as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Therefore, biomarkers to predict tumor response and occurrence of irAEs by the treatment with ICIs are required to avoid overtreatment of ICIs and minimize irAEs development. Whereas, numerous factors have been reported as potential biomarkers for tumor response to ICIs, factors for predicting irAE have been less reported. In this review, we show recent advances in the understanding of biomarkers for tumor response and occurrence of irAEs in cancer patients treated with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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1910
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Dhieb D, Belguith I, Capelli L, Chiadini E, Canale M, Bravaccini S, Yangui I, Boudawara O, Jlidi R, Boudawara T, Calistri D, Keskes LA, Ulivi P. Analysis of Genetic Alterations in Tunisian Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cells 2019; 8:E514. [PMID: 31141932 PMCID: PMC6627075 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of the mutations that drive lung cancer have furnished new targets for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and led to the development of targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are used to combat the molecular changes promoting cancer progression. Furthermore, biomarkers identified from gene analysis can be used to detect early lung cancer, determine patient prognosis, and monitor response to therapy. In the present study we analyzed the molecular profile of seventy-three Tunisian patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). Mutational analyses for EGFR and KRAS were performed using direct sequencing, immunohistochemistry or MassARRAY. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using the D5F3 clone, and p53 expression was also assessed. The median age of patients at diagnosis was 61 years (range 23-82 years). Using different methodologies, EGFR mutations were found in 5.47% of patients and only exon 19 deletions "E746-A750 del" were detected. KRAS mutations were present in 9.58% of cases, while only one patient was ALK-positive. Moreover, abnormal immunostaining of p53 was detected in 56.16% of patients. In conclusion, the detected rates of EGFR and KRAS mutation and ALK rearrangement were lower than those found in European and Asian countries, whereas, abnormal p53 expression was slightly more frequent. Furthermore, given the small sample size of this study, a more comprehensive analysis of this patient set is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhoha Dhieb
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy.
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Belguith
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
| | - Laura Capelli
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy.
| | - Elisa Chiadini
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy.
| | - Matteo Canale
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy.
| | - Sara Bravaccini
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy.
| | - Ilhem Yangui
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Diseases, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
| | - Ons Boudawara
- Department of Pathology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
| | - Rachid Jlidi
- Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Tahya Boudawara
- Department of Pathology, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
| | - Daniele Calistri
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy.
| | - Leila Ammar Keskes
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
| | - Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola 47014, Italy.
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1911
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Koehler P, Salmanton-García J, Gräfe SK, Koehler FC, Mellinghoff SC, Seidel D, Steinbach A, Cornely OA. Baseline predictors influencing the prognosis of invasive aspergillosis in adults. Mycoses 2019; 62:651-658. [PMID: 31066092 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a serious hazard to haematological and critical care patients. Impactful risk factors for developing IA have been characterised; however, systematic analysis of baseline prognostic factors for treatment course of IA is missing. To understand prognostic variables, we analysed original articles identifying baseline factors that predict treatment outcome in patients with IA. PubMed database was searched for publications since database inception until May 2018. Inclusion criteria were published baseline prognostic factors present at the diagnosis of IA. In total, 58 studies from 267 centres reported 7320 patients with IA and 40 different predictors. Unfavourable predictors in medical history were kidney (7.4%, 10/136) and liver failure (3.7%, 5/136), ICU admission (3.7%, 5/136) and uncontrolled underlying disease (3.7%, 5/136). Regarding state of immunosuppression, negative outcome predictors were prolonged neutropenia (12.5%, 17/136), corticosteroid treatment (8.1%, 11/136) and graft-vs-host disease (3.7%, 5/136). On the pathogen side, relevant predictors were galactomannan positivity (8.1%, 11/136), Aspergillus terreus infection (2.2%, 3/136) and lack of amphotericin B susceptibility (1.5%, 2/136). IA-specific predictors were disseminated disease (5.1%, 7/136) and CNS involvement (2.9%, 4/136). Imaging results associated with negative outcome were multiple consolidations (2.9%, 4/136), bipulmonary lesions (2.2%, 3/136) and pleural effusion (2.2%, 3/136). At diagnosis of IA, most frequently identified predictors of outcome were neutropenia, corticosteroid use, elevated galactomannan, renal failure and disseminated disease. The predictors may be used to identify patients at high risk for treatment failure and to stratify neglected patient groups for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Koehler
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ECMM Excellence Centre for Medical Mycology, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jon Salmanton-García
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ECMM Excellence Centre for Medical Mycology, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefanie K Gräfe
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix C Koehler
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sibylle C Mellinghoff
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ECMM Excellence Centre for Medical Mycology, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Danila Seidel
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ECMM Excellence Centre for Medical Mycology, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela Steinbach
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, ECMM Excellence Centre for Medical Mycology, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Clinical Trials Centre Cologne, ZKS Köln, Cologne, Germany
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1912
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Hontoir F, Pirson R, Simon V, Clegg P, Nisolle JF, Kirschvink N, Vandeweerd JME. Age-related morphometric changes of the tidemark in the ovine stifle. Anat Histol Embryol 2019; 48:366-374. [PMID: 31106466 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Though the ovine stifle is commonly used to study osteoarthritis, there is limited information about the age-related morphometric changes of the tidemark. The objective of this study was to document the number of tidemarks in the stifle of research sheep without clinical signs of osteoarthritis and of various ages (n = 80). Articular cartilage of the medial and lateral tibial condyles and of the medial and lateral femoral condyles was assessed by histology: (a) to count the number of tidemark; and (b) to assess the OARSI (Osteoarthritis Research Society International) score for structural changes of cartilage. The number of tidemarks varied between anatomical regions, respectively, from 4.2 in the medial femoral condyle to 5.0 in the lateral tibial condyle. The axial part showed a significant higher number of tidemarks than the abaxial part, for all regions except the medial tibial condyle. Whilst the tidemark count strongly correlated with age (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.70; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.67-0.73; p < 0.0001), the OARSI score was weakly correlated with age in our cohort of sheep (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.19-0.30; p < 0.0001). Interestingly, no tidemark was seen in the three animals aged 6 months. Our data indicate that the number of tidemarks increases with age and vary with anatomical region. The regional variation also revealed a higher number of tidemarks in the tibia than in the femur. This could be attributed to the local variation in cartilage response to strain and to the difference in chondrocyte biology and density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Hontoir
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit (IVRU) -Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Romain Pirson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit (IVRU) -Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Vincent Simon
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit (IVRU) -Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Peter Clegg
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jean-François Nisolle
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) UCL Namur Mont Godinne, Université Catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Kirschvink
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit (IVRU) -Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean-Michel E Vandeweerd
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit (IVRU) -Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), Faculty of Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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1913
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Xue C, Lin X, Zhang J, Zeng Y, Chen X. β‐Elemene suppresses the proliferation of human airway granulation fibroblasts via attenuation of TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16553-16566. [PMID: 31104326 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xue
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province Quanzhou Fujian China
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian China
| | - Xiao‐Ping Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province Quanzhou Fujian China
| | - Jia‐Min Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province Quanzhou Fujian China
| | - Yi‐Ming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province Quanzhou Fujian China
| | - Xiao‐Yang Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province Quanzhou Fujian China
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1914
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Trier AM, Mack MR, Kim BS. The Neuroimmune Axis in Skin Sensation, Inflammation, and Immunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 202:2829-2835. [PMID: 31061146 PMCID: PMC6563610 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although connections between the immune and nervous systems have long been recognized, the precise mechanisms that underlie this relationship are just starting to be elucidated. Advances in sensory biology have unveiled novel mechanisms by which inflammatory cytokines promote itch and pain sensations to coordinate host-protective behavioral responses. Conversely, new evidence has emphasized the importance of immune cell regulation by sensory neurons. By focusing on itch biology and how it has been informed by the more established field of pain research, we highlight recent interdisciplinary studies that demonstrate how novel neuroimmune interactions underlie a diversity of sensory, inflammatory, and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Trier
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Madison R Mack
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Brian S Kim
- Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; and
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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1915
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Epstein-Barr virus-related post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (EBV-PTLD) in the setting of allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a comprehensive review from pathogenesis to forthcoming treatment modalities. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 55:25-39. [DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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1916
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Elwakeel E, Brüne B, Weigert A. PGE 2 in fibrosis and cancer: Insights into fibroblast activation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 143:106339. [PMID: 31100473 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts are the essential cellular architects of connective tissue and as such are crucial cells in contributing to organ homeostasis. While fulfilling important repair functions during tissue regeneration upon wounding, chronic fibroblast activation provokes pathological organ fibrosis and promotes neoplastic disease progression. Identifying targets that may serve to therapeutically terminate fibroblast activation is therefore desirable. Among the mediators that may be relevant in this context is the prostanoid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) that is produced during inflammatory settings, where pathological fibrosis occurs. Here, we summarize current, in part controversial, concepts on the impact of PGE2 on fibroblast activation in fibrotic diseases including cancer, and discuss these findings in the context of the evolving concept of fibroblast heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiman Elwakeel
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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1917
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Reis PML, Mezzomo N, Aguiar GPS, Senna EMTL, Hense H, Ferreira SR. Ultrasound-assisted emulsion of laurel leaves essential oil (Laurus nobilis L.) encapsulated by SFEE. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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1918
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González-Romero E, Martínez-Valiente C, García-Ruiz C, Vázquez-Manrique RP, Cervera J, Sanjuan-Pla A. CRISPR to fix bad blood: a new tool in basic and clinical hematology. Haematologica 2019; 104:881-893. [PMID: 30923099 PMCID: PMC6518885 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.211359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in genome engineering in the last decade, particularly in the development of programmable nucleases, have made it possible to edit the genomes of most cell types precisely and efficiently. Chief among these advances, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system is a novel, versatile and easy-to-use tool to edit genomes irrespective of their complexity, with multiple and broad applications in biomedicine. In this review, we focus on the use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in the context of hematologic diseases and appraise the major achievements and challenges in this rapidly moving field to gain a clearer perspective on the potential of this technology to move from the laboratory to the clinic. Accordingly, we discuss data from studies editing hematopoietic cells to understand and model blood diseases, and to develop novel therapies for hematologic malignancies. We provide an overview of the applications of gene editing in experimental, preclinical and clinical hematology including interrogation of gene function, target identification and drug discovery and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell engineering. We also highlight current limitations of CRISPR/Cas9 and the possible strategies to overcome them. Finally, we consider what advances in CRISPR/Cas9 are needed to move the hematology field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rafael P Vázquez-Manrique
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Celular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid
| | - José Cervera
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia
- CIBER de Oncología, Madrid, Spain
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1919
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Precht C, Demirel Y, Assaf AT, Pinnschmidt HO, Knipfer C, Hanken H, Friedrich RE, Wikner J. Perioperative Management in Patients With Undergoing Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Oral Surgery - A Multicentric Questionnaire Survey. In Vivo 2019; 33:855-862. [PMID: 31028208 PMCID: PMC6559883 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to survey the current opinions of hospitals and medical practices concerning the perioperative management of patients undergoing direct oral anticoagulant therapy (DOAC) and discuss recommendations for the clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire with 13 topics and multiple ordinal-polytomous subitems was designed and sent to 120 Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Austria, Switzerland and Germany, as well as to 85 oral and maxillofacial/oral surgeons in medical offices in Hamburg, Germany. The data were statistically evaluated by Chi-square, Fisher's exact and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests. RESULTS The rate of response was 42%. Thirty-seven percent of respondents reported treating over 50 patients per year with undergoing DOAC therapy and only 18% assess a high bleeding risk [33% for vitamin K antagonists (VKA)]. In contrast to that, 62% of respondents would interrupt the DOAC therapy for extraction of one tooth, while 94% would continue VKA therapy. Significantly more clinicians apply suture than those in a medical office. The use of additional hemostatic measures varied between clinic and medical practice. There was a clear request for more detailed guidelines. CONCLUSION The study shows the current opinion for perioperative management of patients undergoing DOAC therapy. Multi-centric studies under controlled conditions are needed for a safer treatment of anticoagulated patients as therapy strategies differ greatly between institutions and therefore a complication analysis is hardly possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Precht
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yeliz Demirel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandre T Assaf
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans O Pinnschmidt
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Knipfer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Hanken
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Wikner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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1920
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Mellody KT, Ozols M, Watson REB. The role of fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of linear morphoea: targeting the secretome. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:985-987. [PMID: 31025728 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K T Mellody
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, U.K
| | - M Ozols
- Division of Cell Matrix and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, U.K
| | - R E B Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, U.K.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, U.K
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1921
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Smith PC, Martínez C, Martínez J, McCulloch CA. Role of Fibroblast Populations in Periodontal Wound Healing and Tissue Remodeling. Front Physiol 2019; 10:270. [PMID: 31068825 PMCID: PMC6491628 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
After injury to periodontal tissues, a sequentially phased healing response is initiated that enables wound closure and partial restoration of tissue structure and function. Wound closure in periodontal tissues involves the tightly regulated coordination of resident cells in epithelial and connective tissue compartments. Multiple cell populations in these compartments synergize their metabolic activities to reestablish a mucosal seal that involves the underlying periodontal connective tissues and the attachment of these tissues to the tooth surface. The formation of an impermeable seal around the circumference of the tooth is of particular significance in oral health since colonization of tooth surfaces by pathogenic biofilms promotes inflammation, which can contribute to periodontal tissue degradation and tooth loss. The reformation of periodontal tissue structures in the healing response centrally involves fibroblasts, which synthesize and organize the collagen fibers that link alveolar bone and gingiva to the cementum covering the tooth root. The synthesis and remodeling of nascent collagen matrices are of fundamental importance for the reestablishment of a functional periodontium and are mediated by diverse, multi-functional fibroblast populations that reside within the connective tissues of gingiva and periodontal ligament. Notably, after gingival wounding, a fibroblast sub-type (myofibroblast) arises, which is centrally involved in collagen synthesis and fibrillar remodeling. While myofibroblasts are not usually seen in healthy, mature connective tissues, their formation is enhanced by wound-healing cytokines. The formation of myofibroblasts is also modulated by the stiffness of the extracellular matrix, which is mechanosensed by resident precursor cells in the gingival connective tissue microenvironment. Here, we consider the cellular origins and the factors that control the differentiation and matrix remodeling functions of periodontal fibroblasts. An improved understanding of the regulation and function of periodontal fibroblasts will be critical for the development of new therapies to optimize the restoration of periodontal structure and function after wounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio C Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constanza Martínez
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Martínez
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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1922
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Liu H, Sun X, Gong X, Wang G. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes exert antiapoptosis effect via activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway on H9C2 cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14455-14464. [PMID: 30989714 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhe Gong
- Department of Cardiology Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Guogan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing People's Republic of China
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1923
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Duarte RF, Labopin M, Bader P, Basak GW, Bonini C, Chabannon C, Corbacioglu S, Dreger P, Dufour C, Gennery AR, Kuball J, Lankester AC, Lanza F, Montoto S, Nagler A, Peffault de Latour R, Snowden JA, Styczynski J, Yakoub-Agha I, Kröger N, Mohty M. Indications for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders: current practice in Europe, 2019. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 54:1525-1552. [PMID: 30953028 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This is the seventh special EBMT report on the indications for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders. Our aim is to provide general guidance on transplant indications according to prevailing clinical practice in EBMT countries and centres. In order to inform patient decisions, these recommendations must be considered together with the risk of the disease, the risk of the transplant procedure and the results of non-transplant strategies. In over two decades since the first report, the EBMT indications manuscripts have incorporated changes in transplant practice coming from scientific and technical developments in the field. In this same period, the establishment of JACIE accreditation has promoted high quality and led to improved outcomes of patient and donor care and laboratory performance in transplantation and cellular therapy. An updated report with operating definitions, revised indications and an additional set of data with overall survival at 1 year and non-relapse mortality at day 100 after transplant in the commonest standard-of-care indications is presented. Additional efforts are currently underway to enable EBMT member centres to benchmark their risk-adapted outcomes as part of the Registry upgrade Project 2020 against national and/or international outcome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael F Duarte
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Myriam Labopin
- EBMT Paris Study Office, Hopital Saint Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Peter Bader
- Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | | | - Chiara Bonini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University & Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Christian Chabannon
- Institut Paoli Calmettes & Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapies, Marseille, France
| | | | - Peter Dreger
- Medizinische Klinik V, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carlo Dufour
- Giannina Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Jürgen Kuball
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Arnon Nagler
- Chaim Sheva Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - John A Snowden
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Styczynski
- Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | | | - Mohamad Mohty
- Hopital Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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1924
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Zhu X, Yin L, Theisen M, Zhuo J, Siddiqui S, Levy B, Presnyak V, Frassetto A, Milton J, Salerno T, Benenato KE, Milano J, Lynn A, Sabnis S, Burke K, Besin G, Lukacs CM, Guey LT, Finn PF, Martini PG. Systemic mRNA Therapy for the Treatment of Fabry Disease: Preclinical Studies in Wild-Type Mice, Fabry Mouse Model, and Wild-Type Non-human Primates. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:625-637. [PMID: 30879639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease caused by loss of alpha galactosidase A (α-Gal A) activity and is characterized by progressive accumulation of globotriaosylceramide and its analogs in all cells and tissues. Although enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is considered standard of care, the long-term effects of ERT on renal and cardiac manifestations remain uncertain and thus novel therapies are desirable. We herein report preclinical studies evaluating systemic messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding human α-Gal A in wild-type (WT) mice, α-Gal A-deficient mice, and WT non-human primates (NHPs). The pharmacokinetics and distribution of h-α-Gal A mRNA encoded protein in WT mice demonstrated prolonged half-lives of α-Gal A in tissues and plasma. Single intravenous administration of h-α-Gal A mRNA to Gla-deficient mice showed dose-dependent protein activity and substrate reduction. Moreover, long duration (up to 6 weeks) of substrate reductions in tissues and plasma were observed after a single injection. Furthermore, repeat i.v. administration of h-α-Gal A mRNA showed a sustained pharmacodynamic response and efficacy in Fabry mice model. Lastly, multiple administrations to non-human primates confirmed safety and translatability. Taken together, these studies across species demonstrate preclinical proof-of-concept of systemic mRNA therapy for the treatment of Fabry disease and this approach may be useful for other lysosomal storage disorders.
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1925
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Humbert P, Brennan MÁ, Davison N, Rosset P, Trichet V, Blanchard F, Layrolle P. Immune Modulation by Transplanted Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials and Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Bone Regeneration. Front Immunol 2019; 10:663. [PMID: 31001270 PMCID: PMC6455214 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of biomaterials have been developed as both stabilizing structures for the injured bone and inducers of bone neoformation. They differ in chemical composition, shape, porosity, and mechanical properties. The most extensively employed and studied subset of bioceramics are calcium phosphate materials (CaPs). These materials, when transplanted alongside mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), lead to ectopic (intramuscular and subcutaneous) and orthotopic bone formation in preclinical studies, and effective fracture healing in clinical trials. Human MSC transplantation in pre-clinical and clinical trials reveals very low engraftment in spite of successful clinical outcomes and their therapeutic actions are thought to be primarily through paracrine mechanisms. The beneficial role of transplanted MSC could rely on their strong immunomodulatory effect since, even without long-term engraftment, they have the ability to alter both the innate and adaptive immune response which is critical to facilitate new bone formation. This study presents the current knowledge of the immune response to the implantation of CaP biomaterials alone or in combination with MSC. In particular the central role of monocyte-derived cells, both macrophages and osteoclasts, in MSC-CaP mediated bone formation is emphasized. Biomaterial properties, such as macroporosity and surface microstructure, dictate the host response, and the ultimate bone healing cascade. Understanding intercellular communications throughout the inflammation, its resolution and the bone regeneration phase, is crucial to improve the current therapeutic strategies or develop new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Humbert
- Laboratory Phy-Os, Inserm UMR1238, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Meadhbh Á. Brennan
- Laboratory Phy-Os, Inserm UMR1238, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Noel Davison
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Instructure Labs, B.V., The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Rosset
- Laboratory Phy-Os, Inserm UMR1238, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Valérie Trichet
- Laboratory Phy-Os, Inserm UMR1238, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Pierre Layrolle
- Laboratory Phy-Os, Inserm UMR1238, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
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1926
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Ring A, Müller AMS. [Chemotherapy-Free Treatment of Hematological Neoplasias: Dream or Reality?]. PRAXIS 2019; 108:411-418. [PMID: 31039712 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-Free Treatment of Hematological Neoplasias: Dream or Reality? Abstract. Hematologic neoplasias are a heterogeneous group of diseases based on clonal expansion of immature, dysfunctional blood cell populations. Chemotherapy can achieve long-term remission in some patients, but side effects are often severe and recurrences frequent. The fact that the immune system can have the strongest activity against tumor cells is well-known from the field of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Accordingly, various immunological therapy approaches to combat malignant diseases have been pursued for a long time. New generations of antibody- and cell-based therapies lead to excellent remission rates; the combination of different technologies culminates today in the combination of the targeted specificity of antibody-like molecules with the efficiency of immune effector cells through the use of genetically modified T cells. Data on long-term remissions and long-term consequences still need to mature in order to finally evaluate efficacy and feasibility, especially of prolonged therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ring
- 1 Zentrum für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsspital Zürich
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1927
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Garcia Borrega J, Gödel P, Rüger MA, Onur ÖA, Shimabukuro-Vornhagen A, Kochanek M, Böll B. In the Eye of the Storm: Immune-mediated Toxicities Associated With CAR-T Cell Therapy. Hemasphere 2019; 3:e191. [PMID: 31723828 PMCID: PMC6746039 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy with impressive response rates in hematologic malignancies but also promising data in solid tumors came along with the cognition of unexpected, potentially life-threatening immune-mediated toxicities, namely the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity recently referred to as "immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome" (ICANS). These toxicities require urgent diagnostic and therapeutic interventions and targeted modulation of key cytokine pathways represents the mainstay of CRS treatment. However, as the underlying mechanisms of ICANS are not well understood, treatment options remain limited and further investigation is warranted. Importantly, after the recent market approval of 2 CAR-T cell constructs, the application of CAR-T cells will expand to nonacademic centers with limited experience in the management of CAR-T cell-associated toxicities. Here, we review the current evidence of CRS and ICANS pathophysiology, diagnostics, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Garcia Borrega
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care Program, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Gödel
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care Program, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Translational Immunology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Adele Rüger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Özgür A. Onur
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Shimabukuro-Vornhagen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care Program, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care in HematoOncologic Patients (iCHOP) Collaborative Group
| | - Matthias Kochanek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care Program, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care in HematoOncologic Patients (iCHOP) Collaborative Group
| | - Boris Böll
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Hematology-Oncology, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care Program, Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Intensive Care in HematoOncologic Patients (iCHOP) Collaborative Group
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1928
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Wei T, Weiler SME, Tóth M, Sticht C, Lutz T, Thomann S, De La Torre C, Straub B, Merker S, Ruppert T, Marquardt J, Singer S, Gretz N, Schirmacher P, Breuhahn K. YAP-dependent induction of UHMK1 supports nuclear enrichment of the oncogene MYBL2 and proliferation in liver cancer cells. Oncogene 2019; 38:5541-5550. [PMID: 30936457 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The oncogene yes-associated protein (YAP) is a key modifier of liver homeostasis and regulates mitosis in hepatocytes as well as in malignantly transformed cells. However, the question of how YAP supports cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well understood. Here we identified U2AF momology motif kinase 1 (UHMK1) as a direct transcriptional target of YAP and the transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), which supports HCC cell proliferation but not migration. Indeed, UHMK1 stimulates the expression of genes that are specific for cell cycle regulation and which are known downstream effectors of YAP. By using BioID labeling and mass spectrometry, the dimerization partner, RB-like, E2F and multi-vulval class B (DREAM) complex constituent MYB proto-oncogene like 2 (MYBL2, B-MYB) was identified as a direct UHMK1 interaction partner. Like YAP, UHMK1 stimulates nuclear enrichment of MYBL2, which is associated HCC cell proliferation and the expression of the cell cycle regulators CCNB1, CCNB2, KIF20A, and MAD2L1. The association between YAP, UHMK1, MYBL2, and proliferation was confirmed in YAPS127A-transgenic mice and human HCC tissues. In summary, we provide a model by which YAP supports cell proliferation through the induction of important cell cycle regulators in a UHMK1- and MYBL2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wei
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Marcell Tóth
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Center, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Teresa Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Thomann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolina De La Torre
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Center, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beate Straub
- Institute of Pathology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Merker
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Marquardt
- Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Singer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Norbert Gretz
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Medical Research Center, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Breuhahn
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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1929
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Gaggi G, Izzicupo P, Di Credico A, Sancilio S, Di Baldassarre A, Ghinassi B. Spare Parts from Discarded Materials: Fetal Annexes in Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071573. [PMID: 30934825 PMCID: PMC6479500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main aims in regenerative medicine is to find stem cells that are easy to obtain and are safe and efficient in either an autologous or allogenic host when transplanted. This review provides an overview of the potential use of the fetal annexes in regenerative medicine: we described the formation of the annexes, their immunological features, the new advances in the phenotypical characterization of fetal annexes-derived stem cells, the progressions obtained in the analysis of both their differentiative potential and their secretoma, and finally, the potential use of decellularized fetal membranes. Normally discarded as medical waste, the umbilical cord and perinatal tissue not only represent a rich source of stem cells but can also be used as a scaffold for regenerative medicine, providing a suitable environment for the growth and differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gaggi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Silvia Sancilio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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1930
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Rojewski MT, Lotfi R, Gjerde C, Mustafa K, Veronesi E, Ahmed AB, Wiesneth M, Körper S, Sensebé L, Layrolle P, Hellem S, Schrezenmeier H. Translation of a standardized manufacturing protocol for mesenchymal stromal cells: A systematic comparison of validation and manufacturing data. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:468-482. [PMID: 30926359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many data are available on expansion protocols for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for both experimental settings and manufacturing for clinical trials. However, there is a lack of information on translation of established protocols for Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) from validation to manufacturing for clinical application. We present the validation and translation of a standardized pre-clinical protocol for isolation and expansion of MSCs for a clinical trial for reconstitution of alveolar bone. METHODS Key parameters of 22 large-scale expansions of MSCs from bone marrow (BM) for validation were compared with 11 expansions manufactured for the clinical trial "Jaw bone reconstruction using a combination of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells and biomaterial prior to dental implant placement (MAXILLO1)" aimed at reconstruction of alveolar bone. RESULTS Despite variations of the starting material, the robust protocol led to stable performance characteristics of expanded MSCs. Manufacturing of the autologous advanced therapy medicinal product MAXILLO-1-MSC was possible, requiring 21 days for each product. Transport of BM aspirates and MSCs within 24 h was guaranteed. MSCs fulfilled quality criteria requested by the national competent authority. In one case, the delivered MSCs developed a mosaic in chromosomal finding, showing no abnormality in differentiation capacity, growth behavior or surface marker expression during long-term culture. The proportion of cells with the mosaic decreased in long-term culture and cells stopped growth after 38.4 population doublings. CONCLUSIONS Clinical use of freshly prepared MSCs, manufactured according to a standardized and validated protocol, is feasible for bone regeneration, even if there was a long local distance between manufacturing center and clinical site. Several parameters, such as colony forming units fibroblasts (CFU-F), percentage of CD34+ cells, cell count of mononuclear cells (MNCs) and white blood cells (WBCs), of the BM may serve as a predictive tool for the yield of MSCs and may help to avoid unnecessary costs for MSC manufacturing due to insufficient cell expansion rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Thomas Rojewski
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessia, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Ramin Lotfi
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessia, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cecilie Gjerde
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elena Veronesi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Aymen B Ahmed
- Section for Haematology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Markus Wiesneth
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessia, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sixten Körper
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessia, Ulm, Germany
| | - Luc Sensebé
- UMR5273 Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), UPS, Établissement francais du sang (EFS)-INSERM U1031, STROMAlab, Toulouse, France; Établissement francais du sang (EFS) Pyrénées-Méditeranée, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- Inserm U957, Laboratory for Pathophysiology of Bone Resorption, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sølve Hellem
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessia, Ulm, Germany
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1931
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Donor-derived CD4+/CCR7+ T-cell impact on acute GVHD incidence following haplo-HCT after reduced intensity conditioning and posttransplant cyclophosphamide. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 54:1686-1693. [DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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1932
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Liu J, Zhou G, Zhang L, Zhao Q. Building Potent Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells With CRISPR Genome Editing. Front Immunol 2019; 10:456. [PMID: 30941126 PMCID: PMC6433930 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown great promise in the treatment of hematological and solid malignancies. However, despite the success of this field, there remain some major challenges, including accelerated T cell exhaustion, potential toxicities, and insertional oncogenesis. To overcome these limitations, recent advances in CRISPR technology have enabled targetable interventions of endogenous genes in human CAR T cells. These CRISPR genome editing approaches have unleashed the therapeutic potential of CAR T cell therapy. Here, we summarize the potential benefits, safety concerns, and difficulties in the generation of gene-edited CAR T cells using CRISPR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Guangyu Zhou
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Qi Zhao
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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1933
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Hoerst K, van den Broek L, Sachse C, Klein O, von Fritschen U, Gibbs S, Hedtrich S. Regenerative potential of adipocytes in hypertrophic scars is mediated by myofibroblast reprogramming. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:761-775. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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1934
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Souza Neto Júnior JDC, Estevão LRDM, Ferraz AA, Simões RS, Vieira MGF, Evêncio-Neto J. Ointment of Ximenes americana promotes acceleration of wound healing in rats1. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900307. [PMID: 30892393 PMCID: PMC6585885 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020190030000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the healing potential of the Ximenia americana
hydroalcoholic extract in 10% cream in excisional wound models in rats. Methods Sixty male adults Wistar rats were submitted to skin and subcutaneous tissue
surgery in the right and left thoracic regions, divided into three
experimental groups: Standard submitted to treatment with only the base
vehicle, Treated wounds treated with hydroalcoholic extract of X. americana
applied on 10%, Lanette base and Control, untreated wounds. The treatment
was performed daily and the wounds evaluated microscopically by the
quantification of fibroblasts, collagen fibers and blood vessels. Results The histomorphometric analysis showed a significant increase in the number
of fibroblasts, collagen fibers and blood vessels in the treated group. Conclusion The topical action of the cream based on Ximenia americana
shows angiogenic effects and improves the replacement of collagen,
suggesting its use for the development of herbal remedy in the treatment of
cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de Castro Souza Neto Júnior
- Fellow PhD degree, Postgraduate Program in Animal Bioscience, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE, Brazil. Acquisition and interpretation of data, technical procedures, histopathological examinations, statistics analysis, manuscript preparation
| | - Lígia Reis de Moura Estevão
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, UFRPE, Recife-PE, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Adriana Aparecida Ferraz
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil. Histopathological examinations, manuscript preparation, critical revision
| | - Ricardo Santos Simões
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Genetic, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo-SP, Brazil. Analysis of data, manuscript writing, final approval
| | - Marcela Gabriela Feitosa Vieira
- Fellow Master degree, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, UFRPE, Recife-PE, Brazil. Analysis and interpretation of data, manuscript writing
| | - Joaquim Evêncio-Neto
- Full Professor, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, UFRPE, Recife-PE, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, manuscript preparation, critical revision
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1935
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Dempsey SG, Miller CH, Hill RC, Hansen KC, May BCH. Functional Insights from the Proteomic Inventory of Ovine Forestomach Matrix. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1657-1668. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandi G. Dempsey
- Aroa Biosurgery Limited, Airport Oaks, Auckland 2022, New Zealand
| | | | - Ryan C. Hill
- Omix Technologies LLC, Bioscience 1, 12635 E. Montview Blvd. Suite 100, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Kirk C. Hansen
- Omix Technologies LLC, Bioscience 1, 12635 E. Montview Blvd. Suite 100, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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1936
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Manetti M. Could autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction turn out an unwanted source of profibrotic myofibroblasts in systemic sclerosis? Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 79:e55. [PMID: 30867149 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence I-50134, Italy
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1937
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:3675627. [PMID: 30956667 PMCID: PMC6431432 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3675627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. Patients show both motor and extra-motor symptoms. A cure is not available at this time, and the disease leads to death within 3-5 years, mainly due to respiratory failure. Stem cell therapy is arising as a new promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem the most suitable type of stem cells, thanks to their demonstrated beneficial effects in different experimental models, to the easy availability, and to the lack of ethical problems. In this review, we focused on the studies involving ALS rodent models and clinical trials in order to understand the potential beneficial effects of MSC transplantation. In different ALS rodent models, the administration of MSCs induced a delay in disease progression and at least a partial recovery of the motor function. In addition, clinical trials evidenced the feasibility and safety of MSC transplantation in ALS patients, given that no major adverse events were recorded. However, only partial improvements were shown. For this reason, more studies and trials are needed to clarify the real effectiveness of MSC-based therapy in ALS.
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1938
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Qin H, Li Y, Zhang H, Wang F, He H, Bai X, Li S. Prognostic implications and oncogenic roles of MYBL2 protein expression in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1917-1927. [PMID: 30881043 PMCID: PMC6415733 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s190145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The MYBL2 gene, a highly conserved member of the Myb transcription-factor family, has been implicated in the genesis and progression of many types of tumors. Methods We analyzed the expression of MYBL2 and Ki67 in tissue samples of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients by immunohistochemistry. We further analyzed the effect of MYBL2 on cell proliferation and DNA replication using a CCK8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine–retention assay, flow-cytometry analysis, real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, and a xenograft model of ESCC cells in nude mice. Results MYBL2 expression was significantly higher in ESCC tissue when compared to the adjacent normal tissue (P=0.007). MYBL2 was found to be positively correlated with Ki67 (γ=0.286, P=0.003). Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier curves indicated that MYBL2 expression in ESCC tissue was associated with poor patient outcome (P<0.001), with MYBL2-positive patients who exhibited high Ki67 expression in ESCC tissue showing the worst prognosis for overall survival (P=0.003). Our in vitro results showed that downregulation of MYBL2 in ESCC cell lines inhibited cell proliferation and DNA replication (P<0.05 for both). We also found that loss of MYBL2 caused a reduction in levels of cell cycle-related G2/M proteins CDK1 and cyclin B1 in ESCC cells. In contrast, overexpression of MYBL2 caused an increase in these proteins. In vivo, we found that in nude mice that received cells knocked down for MYBL2, tumor growth was inhibited in comparison to the group that received control cells (P<0.05). Conclusion MYBL2 overexpression induces tumor proliferation in ESCC cells by regulating cell-cycle at the S and G2/M phase. Therefore, MYBL2 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,
| | - Yunyun Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China, .,Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,
| | - Hongliu He
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,
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1939
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CAR-T Cell Therapy in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: Hype and Hope. Hemasphere 2019; 3:e185. [PMID: 31723824 PMCID: PMC6746029 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) resistant to standard therapies have a dismal prognosis. The outcome is even poorer in patients relapsing after autologous stem cell transplantation. Most of these patients do not qualify for an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) due to refractory disease, lack of a suitable allogeneic donor, higher age, or cumulative toxicity of previous chemotherapy. Despite patients undergoing allogeneic HCT normally profit from a graft-versus-lymphoma effect, overall survival in patients with NHL after HCT remains short. Therefore, novel treatment modalities are urgently needed. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, a new class of cellular immunotherapy involving ex vivo genetic modification of T cells to incorporate an engineered CAR have been used in clinical trials. In the majority of studies, B cell malignancies treated with CD19 targeting CAR-T cells have been analyzed. Recently, results from 2 CD19 directed CAR-T cell trials with an increased follow-up of patients led to Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency approval of tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel. Common adverse events (AEs) include cytokine release syndrome and neurological toxicity, which may require admission to an intensive care unit, B cell aplasia and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. These AEs are manageable when treated by an appropriately trained team following established algorithm. In this review, we summarize the results of 3 large phase II CD19 CAR-T cell trials and focus on AEs. We also provide a perspective of ongoing activity in this field with the intend to improve the potency of this emerging novel therapy.
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1940
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Tóth KF, Ádám D, Bíró T, Oláh A. Cannabinoid Signaling in the Skin: Therapeutic Potential of the "C(ut)annabinoid" System. Molecules 2019; 24:E918. [PMID: 30845666 PMCID: PMC6429381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has lately been proven to be an important, multifaceted homeostatic regulator, which influences a wide-variety of physiological processes all over the body. Its members, the endocannabinoids (eCBs; e.g., anandamide), the eCB-responsive receptors (e.g., CB₁, CB₂), as well as the complex enzyme and transporter apparatus involved in the metabolism of the ligands were shown to be expressed in several tissues, including the skin. Although the best studied functions over the ECS are related to the central nervous system and to immune processes, experimental efforts over the last two decades have unambiguously confirmed that cutaneous cannabinoid ("c[ut]annabinoid") signaling is deeply involved in the maintenance of skin homeostasis, barrier formation and regeneration, and its dysregulation was implicated to contribute to several highly prevalent diseases and disorders, e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, acne, hair growth and pigmentation disorders, keratin diseases, various tumors, and itch. The current review aims to give an overview of the available skin-relevant endo- and phytocannabinoid literature with a special emphasis on the putative translational potential, and to highlight promising future research directions as well as existing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Fanni Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Dorottya Ádám
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Bíró
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
- HCEMM Nonprofit Ltd., 6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Attila Oláh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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1941
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Zhang Q, Hu LQ, Li HQ, Wu J, Bian NN, Yan G. Beneficial effects of andrographolide in a rat model of autoimmune myocarditis and its effects on PI3K/Akt pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 23:103-111. [PMID: 30820154 PMCID: PMC6384199 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.2.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The study is to investigate effects of andrographolide on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Lewis rats were immunized on day 0 with porcine cardiac myosin to establish EAM. The EAM rats were treated with either andrographolide (25, 50, 100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 21 days. An antigen-specific splenocytes proliferation assay was performed by using the cells from control rats immunized with cardiac myosin. Survival rates, myocardial pathology and myocardial functional parameters (left ventricle end-diastolic pressure, ± dP/dt and left ventricular internal dimension) of EAM rats received andrographolide were significantly improved. Andrographolide treatment caused an decrease in the infiltration of CD3+ and CD14+ positive cells in myocardial tissue. Moreover, andrographolide treatment caused a reduction in the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and myosin-antibody, and an increase in the level of IL-10 in EAM rats. Oral administration of andrographolide resulted in the decreased expression of p-PI3K, p-Akt without any change of PI3K and Akt. Further results indicate andrographolide significantly inhibited myosin-induced proliferation in splenocytes, and this effect was inhibited by co-treatment of SC79 (Akt activator). Our data indicate andrographolide inhibits development of EAM, and this beneficial effect may be due to powerful anti-inflammatory activity and inhibitory effect on PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Li-Qun Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hong-Qi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Na-Na Bian
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Guang Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hefei 230001, China
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1942
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El-Daly SM, Hussein J. Genetically engineered CAR T-immune cells for cancer therapy: recent clinical developments, challenges, and future directions. J Appl Biomed 2019; 17:11. [PMID: 34907752 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2019.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy offers tremendous clinical outcomes in cancer management with the potential to induce sustained remission in patients with refractory disease. One of these immunotherapy modalities is the adoptive transfer of autologous T-cells that are genetically engineered ex vivo to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). These receptors can direct T-cells to the surface antigens of tumor cells to initiate an efficient and specific cytotoxic response against tumor cells. This review elucidates the structural features of CAR T-cells and their different generations reaching the recent 4th generation (TRUCK). The step-wise treatment process using CAR T-cell therapy and some of the updated prominent clinical applications of this treatment modality in both hematologic and solid malignancies are also covered in the present review. The success of CAR T-cell therapy is still encountered by several limitations for a widespread clinical application of this treatment modality, these challenges along with the recent innovative strategies that have been developed to overcome such drawbacks, as well as, the approaches and future directions aiming for a commercial low cost CAR T-cell immunotherapy modality, are all covered in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M El-Daly
- National Research Centre, Medical Research Division, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.,National Research Centre, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jihan Hussein
- National Research Centre, Medical Research Division, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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1943
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Wlaschek M, Singh K, Sindrilaru A, Crisan D, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Iron and iron-dependent reactive oxygen species in the regulation of macrophages and fibroblasts in non-healing chronic wounds. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:262-275. [PMID: 30261274 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds pose a stern challenge to health care systems with growing incidence especially in the aged population. In the presence of increased iron concentrations, recruitment of monocytes from the circulation and activation towards ROS and RNS releasing M1 macrophages together with the persistence of senescent fibroblasts at the wound site are significantly enhanced. This unrestrained activation of pro-inflammatory macrophages and senescent fibroblasts has increasingly been acknowledged as main driver causing non-healing wounds. In a metaphor, macrophages act like stage directors of wound healing, resident fibroblasts constitute main actors and increased iron concentrations are decisive parts of the libretto, and - if dysregulated - are responsible for the development of non-healing wounds. This review will focus on recent cellular and molecular findings from chronic venous leg ulcers and diabetic non-healing wounds both constituting the most common pathologies often resulting in limb amputations of patients. This not only causes tremendous suffering and loss of life quality, but is also associated with an increase in mortality and a major socio-economic burden. Despite recent advances, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. Overwhelming evidence shows that reactive oxygen species and the transition metal and trace element iron at pathological concentrations are crucially involved in a complex interplay between cells of different histogenetic origin and their extracellular niche environment. This interplay depends on a variety of cellular, non-cellular biochemical and cell biological mechanisms. Here, we will highlight recent progress in the field of iron-dependent regulation of macrophages and fibroblasts and related pathologies linked to non-healing chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinhard Wlaschek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Karmveer Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anca Sindrilaru
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Diana Crisan
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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1944
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Magalon J, Velier M, Simoncini S, Dignat-George F, Granel B, Paul P, Sabatier F. Response to: 'Adipose stromal vascular fraction and regenerative therapy in SSc: response to the article by Magalon et al' by De Benedetto et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 79:e54. [PMID: 30787004 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Magalon
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Mélanie Velier
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Brigitte Granel
- Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Internal Medicine Department, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Paul
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France .,Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
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1945
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Eisenberg V, Hoogi S, Shamul A, Barliya T, Cohen CJ. T-cells "à la CAR-T(e)" - Genetically engineering T-cell response against cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 141:23-40. [PMID: 30653988 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last decade will be remembered as the dawn of the immunotherapy era during which we have witnessed the approval by regulatory agencies of genetically engineered CAR T-cells and of checkpoint inhibitors for cancer treatment. Understandably, T-lymphocytes represent the essential player in these approaches. These cells can mediate impressive tumor regression in terminally-ill cancer patients. Moreover, they are amenable to genetic engineering to improve their function and specificity. In the present review, we will give an overview of the most recent developments in the field of T-cell genetic engineering including TCR-gene transfer and CAR T-cells strategies. We will also elaborate on the development of other types of genetic modifications to enhance their anti-tumor immune response such as the use of co-stimulatory chimeric receptors (CCRs) and unconventional CARs built on non-antibody molecules. Finally, we will discuss recent advances in genome editing and synthetic biology applied to T-cell engineering and comment on the next challenges ahead.
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1946
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Santoro R, Perrucci GL, Gowran A, Pompilio G. Unchain My Heart: Integrins at the Basis of iPSC Cardiomyocyte Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8203950. [PMID: 30906328 PMCID: PMC6393933 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8203950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular response to the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment mediated by integrin adhesion is of fundamental importance, in both developmental and pathological processes. In particular, mechanotransduction is of growing importance in groundbreaking cellular models such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), since this process may strongly influence cell fate and, thus, augment the precision of differentiation into specific cell types, e.g., cardiomyocytes. The decryption of the cellular machinery starting from ECM sensing to iPSC differentiation calls for new in vitro methods. Conveniently, engineered biomaterials activating controlled integrin-mediated responses through chemical, physical, and geometrical designs are key to resolving this issue and could foster clinical translation of optimized iPSC-based technology. This review introduces the main integrin-dependent mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in mechanotransduction. Special consideration is given to the integrin-iPSC linkage signalling chain in the cardiovascular field, focusing on biomaterial-based in vitro models to evaluate the relevance of this process in iPSC differentiation into cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Santoro
- Unità di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, via Carlo Parea 4, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lorenzo Perrucci
- Unità di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, via Carlo Parea 4, Milan, Italy
| | - Aoife Gowran
- Unità di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, via Carlo Parea 4, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unità di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, via Carlo Parea 4, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan, Italy
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1947
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Simon D, Wollenberg A, Renz H, Simon HU. Atopic Dermatitis: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) Update 2019. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2019; 178:207-218. [DOI: 10.1159/000497383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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1948
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Elshoury A, Przespolewski A, Baron J, Wang ES. Advancing treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: the future of FLT3 inhibitors. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:273-286. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1573679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amro Elshoury
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Amanda Przespolewski
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Baron
- Department of Pharmacy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Eunice S. Wang
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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1949
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Moradi-Marjaneh R, Hassanian SM, Hasanzadeh M, Rezayi M, Maftouh M, Mehramiz M, Ferns GA, Khazaei M, Avan A. Therapeutic potential of toll-like receptors in treatment of gynecological cancers. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:549-564. [PMID: 30729633 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the innate and adaptive immune system. They are expressed in various regions of the female reproductive tract, and their regulation may be involved in the pathogenesis of gynecological lesions. There is growing evidence that ligands for several TLRs are potentially anticancer agents, some of which have already been approved by the FDA, and these compounds are now undergoing clinical evaluation. There is a rationale for using these ligands as adjuvants in the treatment or prevention of gynecological cancer. Some TLR agonists that are of potential interest in the treatment of gynecological lesions include imiquimod, motolimod, cervarix, and CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). In this review, we outline the different functions of TLRs in gynecological cancer with particular emphasis on the value of TLR agonists as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of gynecological cancer. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(5):549-564, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Woman Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Maftouh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrane Mehramiz
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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1950
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Bertheuil N, Chaput B, Ménard C, Varin A, Laloze J, Watier E, Tarte K. Adipose mesenchymal stromal cells: Definition, immunomodulatory properties, mechanical isolation and interest for plastic surgery. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2019; 64:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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