151
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Tricker AW, Stellato MJ, Kwok TT, Kruyer NS, Wang Z, Nair S, Thomas VM, Realff MJ, Bommarius AS, Sievers C. Similarities in Recalcitrant Structures of Industrial Non-Kraft and Kraft Lignin. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4624-4632. [PMID: 32539201 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work compares the structure of industrially isolated lignin samples from kraft pulping and three alternative processes: butanol organosolv, supercritical water hydrolysis, and sulfur dioxide/ethanol/water fractionation. Kraft processes are known to produce highly condensed lignin, with reduced potential for catalytic depolymerization, whereas the alternative processes have been hypothesized to impact the lignin less. The structural properties most relevant to catalytic depolymerization are characterized by elemental analysis, quantitative 13 C and 2 D HQSC NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. Quantification of the β-O-4 ether bond content shows partial depolymerization, with all samples having less than 12 bonds per 100 aromatic units. This results in theoretical monomer yields of less than 5 %, strongly suggesting the alternative fractionation processes generate highly condensed lignin structures that are no more suitable for catalytic depolymerization than kraft lignin. However, the different thermal degradation profiles suggest there are physicochemical differences that could be leveraged in other valorization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Tricker
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Michael J Stellato
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Thomas T Kwok
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Nicholas S Kruyer
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Zhongzhen Wang
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Sankar Nair
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Valerie M Thomas
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and System Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 755 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Matthew J Realff
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Andreas S Bommarius
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Carsten Sievers
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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152
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Mathieu Y, Vidal JD, Arribas Martínez L, Abad Fernández N, Iborra S, Corma A. Molecular Oxygen Lignin Depolymerization: An Insight into the Stability of Phenolic Monomers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4743-4758. [PMID: 32749077 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During oxidative depolymerization of lignin in aqueous alkaline medium using molecular oxygen as oxidant, the highly functionalized primary phenolic monomers are not stable products, owing to various not fully identified secondary reaction mechanisms. However, better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the instability of the main part of the products of interest derived from lignin is of much interest. Evaluation of their individual reactivities under oxidative conditions should significantly help to find a better way to valorize the lignin polymer and to maximize the yields of target value-added products. Consequently, the main objective of this study is to assess the individual stabilities of some selected lignin-based phenolic compounds, such as vanillin, vanillic acid, and acetovanillone, together with some other pure chemical compounds such as phenol and anisole to give an insight into the mechanisms responsible for the simultaneous formation and repolymerization of those products and the influence of the oxidation conditions. Various complementary strategies of stabilization are proposed, discussed, and applied for the oxidative depolymerization reactions of a technical lignin extracted from pinewood with a high content of β-O-4 interconnecting bonds to try to obtain enhanced yields of value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Mathieu
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan D Vidal
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Arribas Martínez
- Técnicas Reunidas, José Lladó Technology Centre Proprietary Technology Development Division, C/Sierra Nevada n° 16, 28830, San Fernando de Henares, Spain
| | - Nerea Abad Fernández
- Técnicas Reunidas, José Lladó Technology Centre Proprietary Technology Development Division, C/Sierra Nevada n° 16, 28830, San Fernando de Henares, Spain
| | - Sara Iborra
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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153
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Prothmann J, Li K, Hulteberg C, Spégel P, Sandahl M, Turner C. Nontargeted Analysis Strategy for the Identification of Phenolic Compounds in Complex Technical Lignin Samples. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4605-4612. [PMID: 32468723 PMCID: PMC7540015 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer in nature and a promising renewable resource for aromatic chemicals. For the understanding of different lignin isolation and conversion processes, the identification of phenolic compounds is of importance. However, given the vast number of possible chemical transformations, the prediction of produced phenolic structures is challenging and a nontargeted analysis method is therefore needed. In this study, a nontargeted analysis method has been developed for the identification of phenolic compounds by using an ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography-high-resolution multiple stage tandem mass spectrometry method, combined with a Kendrick mass defect-based classification model. The method is applied to a Lignoboost Kraft lignin (LKL), a sodium lignosulfonate lignin (SLS), and a depolymerized Kraft lignin (DKL) sample. In total, 260 tentative phenolic compounds are identified in the LKL sample, 50 in the SLS sample, and 77 in the DKL sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Prothmann
- Lund UniversityDepartment of ChemistryCentre for Analysis and SynthesisP.O. Box 12422100LundSweden
| | - Kena Li
- Lund UniversityDepartment of Chemical EngineeringP.O. Box 12421100LundSweden
| | - Christian Hulteberg
- Lund UniversityDepartment of Chemical EngineeringP.O. Box 12421100LundSweden
| | - Peter Spégel
- Lund UniversityDepartment of ChemistryCentre for Analysis and SynthesisP.O. Box 12422100LundSweden
| | - Margareta Sandahl
- Lund UniversityDepartment of ChemistryCentre for Analysis and SynthesisP.O. Box 12422100LundSweden
| | - Charlotta Turner
- Lund UniversityDepartment of ChemistryCentre for Analysis and SynthesisP.O. Box 12422100LundSweden
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154
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Meyer JR, Li H, Zhang J, Foston MB. Kinetics of Secondary Reactions Affecting the Organosolv Lignin Structure. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4557-4566. [PMID: 32413243 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many valorization approaches for lignin rely on its organic solvent (organosolv) extraction. However, the severity of the extraction conditions required to obtain high lignin extraction generally results in low-quality lignin for downstream processing. To better understand the secondary reaction pathways and kinetics related to molecular alterations that result from organosolv extraction under extreme conditions, extractions were conducted at temperatures of 150, 180, and 210 °C. Lignin was collected at residence times between 0.25 and 18 h and analyzed by NMR techniques to quantify the concentrations of key chemical moieties that appear or disappear upon reactions of lignin molecules during and after their fractionation from biomass. The kinetics of chemical moiety evolution was modeled as processes in-series. In these models, pseudo first-order kinetics were used to describe the change in concentration of chemical moieties on extracted lignin as a function of residence time.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Meyer
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Huiyong Li
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jialiang Zhang
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Marcus B Foston
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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155
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Natte K, Narani A, Goyal V, Sarki N, Jagadeesh RV. Synthesis of Functional Chemicals from Lignin‐derived Monomers by Selective Organic Transformations. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Natte
- Synthetic Chemistry and Petrochemicals Area Chemical and Material Sciences Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
| | - Anand Narani
- BioFuels Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
| | - Vishakha Goyal
- Synthetic Chemistry and Petrochemicals Area Chemical and Material Sciences Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
| | - Naina Sarki
- Synthetic Chemistry and Petrochemicals Area Chemical and Material Sciences Division CSIR – Indian Institute of Petroleum Haridwar road, Mohkampur Dehradun 248005 India
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156
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Song Y, Chandra RP, Zhang X, Saddler JN. Non-productive celluase binding onto deep eutectic solvent (DES) extracted lignin from willow and corn stover with inhibitory effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116956. [PMID: 33049860 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared by mixing choline chloride (ChCl) with lactic acid (LA), and effects of cellulase non-productive binding onto DES-extracted lignin from willow and corn stover on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose was investigated. The correlation between hydrolysis yield of cellulose and chemical features of lignin was evaluated, and a potential inhibitory mechanism was proposed. Condensation of lignin was observed during DES treatment, and these condensed aromatic structures had an increased tendency to adsorb enzymes through hydrophobic interactions. As well as hydrophobic interactions mediated by lignin condensation, an increase in phenolic hydroxyl groups resulted in a greater amount of hydrogen bonds between cellulases and lignin that appeared to inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis yields of cellulose (39.96-42.86 % to 31.96-32.68 %). Although large amounts of COOHs were generated, the elevated electrostatic repulsion as a result of ionic groups was insufficient to decrease non-productive adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Forest Products Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Richard P Chandra
- Forest Products Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jack N Saddler
- Forest Products Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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157
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Jiang S, Zheng X, Li L. De novo assembly of Auricularia polytricha transcriptome and discovery of genes involved in the degradation of lignocellulose. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:983-991. [PMID: 32786100 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Auricularia polytricha belonging to Basidiomycota has the ability to degrade lignocellulose. However, there has been no resource in public databases examining the transcriptome of A. polytricha. In this study, high-throughput sequencing platform BGISEQ-500 was used to generate large amount of transcript sequences from A. polytricha for gene discovery and molecular marker development. A total of 28,102 unigenes were discovered from the assembly of clean reads. In addition, functional categorization of the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways revealed several important biological processes. GO annotation analysis presented 47 categories, with the major subcategories being catalytic activity, binding, cellular process, metabolic process, and cell. Among the five functional categories and 21 subcategories of processes discovered from KEGG, global and overview maps, carbohydrate metabolism, transport, and catabolism are the main subcategories. Furthermore, among the unigenes related to lignocellulosic degradation discovered by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, 2, 5, and 16 unigenes in de novo assembly of A. polytricha transcriptome were found to relate to cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin degradation, respectively. The study provided valuable information on the degradation of lignocellulose to facilitate research on the degradation mechanism, molecular marker, functional research, gene mapping, and other multigenomic studies of species containing lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Jiang
- College of Grain and Food science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueling Zheng
- College of Grain and Food science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- College of Grain and Food science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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158
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Kabir II, Sorrell CC, Mofarah SS, Yang W, Yuen ACY, Nazir MT, Yeoh GH. Alginate/Polymer-Based Materials for Fire Retardancy: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Applications. POLYM REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1801726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imrana I. Kabir
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charles C. Sorrell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sajjad S. Mofarah
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Chun Yin Yuen
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Muhammad Tariq Nazir
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guan Heng Yeoh
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia
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159
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Ma H, Li T, Wu S, Zhang X. Effect of the interaction of phenolic hydroxyl with the benzene rings on lignin pyrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123351. [PMID: 32289658 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, lignin with different phenolic hydroxyl contents and five model compounds are pyrolyzed to investigate the effect of the interaction of phenolic hydroxyl with a benzene ring on lignin pyrolysis. The results demonstrated that phenolic hydroxyl can reduce the stability of lignin and promote the elimination of the side chain on lignin during pyrolysis. The repolymerization during lignin pyrolysis, which results in increased activation energy and char yield during pyrolysis, can be mainly attributed to phenolic hydroxyl. Meanwhile, the repolymerization because of phenolic hydroxyl is obviously affected by the electron cloud density of the benzene ring. The repolymerization caused by the phenolic hydroxyl can be effectively reduced by increasing the electron cloud density. Furthermore, regulation of the product distribution obtained via lignin pyrolysis by changing the electron cloud density of the benzene ring and the phenolic hydroxyl content in lignin is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Shubin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, Department of Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
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160
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Jeon W, Choi IH, Park JY, Lee JS, Hwang KR. Alkaline wet oxidation of lignin over Cu-Mn mixed oxide catalysts for production of vanillin. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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161
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Conversion of biomass lignin to high-value polyurethane: A review. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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162
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Product Distribution of Chemical Product Using Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.2.7249.432-453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lignin depolymerization is a very promising process which can generate value-added products from lignin raw materials. The main objective of lignin depolymerization is to convert the complex molecules of lignin into small molecules. Nevertheless, lignin is natural polymer which the molecules of lignin are extremely complicated due to their natural variability, and it will be a big challenge to depolymerize lignin, particularly high water yield. The various technology and methods are developed to depolymerize lignin into biofuels or bio chemical products including acid/base/metallic catalyzed lignin depolymerization, pyrolysis of lignin, hydroprocessing, and gasification. The distribution and yield of chemical products depend on the reaction operation condition, type of lignin and kind of catalyst. The reactor type, product distributions and specific chemicals (benzene, toluene, xylene, terephthalic acid) production of lignin depolymerization are intensive discussed in this review. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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163
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Chen X, He B, Feng M, Zhao D, Sun J. Immobilized laccase on magnetic nanoparticles for enhanced lignin model compounds degradation. Chin J Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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164
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Li H, Wu H, Yu Z, Zhang H, Yang S. CO 2 -Enabled Biomass Fractionation/Depolymerization: A Highly Versatile Pre-Step for Downstream Processing. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:3565-3582. [PMID: 32285649 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is inevitably subject to fractionation and depolymerization processes for enhanced selectivity toward specific products, in most cases prior to catalytic upgrading of the three main fractions-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Among the developed pretreatment techniques, CO2 -assisted biomass processing exhibits some unique advantages such as the lowest critical temperature (31.0 °C) with moderate critical pressure, low cost, nontoxicity, nonflammability, ready availability, and the addition of acidity, alongside easy recovery by pressure release. This Review showcases progress in the study of sub- or supercritical CO2 -mediated thermal processing of lignocellulosic biomass-the key pre-step for downstream conversion processes. The auxo-action of CO2 in biomass pretreatment and fractionation, along with the involved variables, direct degradation of untreated biomass in CO2 by gasification, pyrolysis, and liquefaction with relevant conversion mechanisms, and CO2 -enabled depolymerization of lignocellulosic fractions with representative reaction pathways are summarized. Moreover, future prospects for the practical application of CO2 -assisted up- and downstream biomass-to-bioproduct conversion are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Hongguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Zhaozhuo Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
| | - Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide & Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for Research & Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P.R. China
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165
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Baran T, Sargin I. Green synthesis of a palladium nanocatalyst anchored on magnetic lignin-chitosan beads for synthesis of biaryls and aryl halide cyanation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:814-822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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166
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Vega-Aguilar CA, Barreiro MF, Rodrigues AE. Catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of vanillic acid as a lignin model compound towards the renewable production of dicarboxylic acids. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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167
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Junghans U, Bernhardt JJ, Wollnik R, Triebert D, Unkelbach G, Pufky-Heinrich D. Valorization of Lignin via Oxidative Depolymerization with Hydrogen Peroxide: Towards Carboxyl-Rich Oligomeric Lignin Fragments. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112717. [PMID: 32545377 PMCID: PMC7321170 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extraction and characterization of defined and carboxyl-rich oligomeric lignin fragments with narrow molecular weight distribution is presented herein. With regard to the well-known pulp bleaching process, oxidative lignin depolymerization was investigated using hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous alkaline solution (i.e., at T = 318 K, t = 1 h) and subsequent selective fractionation with a 10/90 (v/v) acetone/water mixture. While the weight average molecular weight (MW) of lignin in comparison to the starting material was reduced by 82% after oxidation (T = 318 K, t = 1 h, clignin = 40 g L−1, cH2O2 = 80 g L−1, cNaOH = 2 mol L−1) and subsequent solvent fractionation (T = 298 K, t = 18 h, ccleavage product = 20 g L−1), the carboxyl group (–COOH) content increased from 1.29 mmol g−1 up to 2.66 mmol g−1. Finally, the successful scale-up of this whole process to 3 L scale led to gram amounts (14% yield) of oligomeric lignin fragments with a MW of 1607 g mol−1, a number average molecular weight (MN) of 646 g mol−1, a narrow polydispersity index of 3.0, and a high –COOH content of 2.96 mmol g−1. Application of these oligomeric lignin fragments in epoxy resins or as adsorbents is conceivable without further functionalization.
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168
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Hudzik JM, Bozzelli JW, Asatryan R, Ruckenstein E. OH-Initiated Reactions of para-Coumaryl Alcohol Relevant to the Lignin Pyrolysis. Part III. Kinetics of H-Abstraction by H, OH, and CH 3 Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:4905-4915. [PMID: 32432474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is the most complex component of biomass, and development of a detailed chemical kinetic model for biomass pyrolysis mainly relies on the understanding of the lignin decomposition kinetics. para-Coumaryl alcohol (p-CMA, HOPh-CH═CH-CH2OH), the focus of our analysis, is the simplest of the lignin monomers (monolignols) containing a typical side-chain double bond and both alkyl- and phenolic-type OH-groups. In parts I and II of our work (Asatryan, R. J. Phys. Chem. A 2019, 123, 2570-2585; Hudzik, J. M. J. Phys. Chem. A 2020, current issue), we created a detailed potential energy surface (PES) and performed a kinetic analysis of chemically activated, unimolecular, and bimolecular reactions pathways for p-CMA + OH. Reaction pathways analyzed include dissociation, intramolecular abstraction, group transfer, and elimination processes. The α- and β-carbon addition reactions generate 1,3- (RA1) and 1,2-diol (RB1) adduct radicals, respectively. Well depths are approximately 29 and 41 kcal/mol below the p-CMA + OH entrance level. Kinetic analysis aides in determining the major pathways for our conventional and fractional pyrolysis experiments. The current paper focuses on the H-abstraction reactions via H, OH, and CH3 light ("pool") radicals from p-CMA. The thermochemical properties of all stable, radical, and transition-state species were determined using the ωB97XD density functional theory (DFT) and higher-level CBS-QB3 composite methods. Barrier heights from the prereaction complexes, for OH-radical abstractions, to the transition states for the propanoid side chain are compared to the model H-abstraction reactions of allyl alcohol (AA) with OH and p-CMA with H and CH3 radicals. The lowest-energy, most stable, p-CMA radical formed is at the C9 allylic position (p-CMA-C9j) with exothermicity of 26.63, 41.32, and 27.34 kcal/mol for H, OH, and CH3, respectively. For OH-radical abstraction at this position, our findings are consistent with corresponding data on AA + OH at 37.44 kcal/mol and similar to that of RB1. A similar stable radical with an exothermicity of 34.95 kcal/mol occurs for the phenol hydroxyl group, generating the p-CMA-O4j radical. H-abstraction pathways are considered in relation to other major pathways previously considered for p-CMA + OH reactions including H-atom shifts, dehydration, and β-scission reactions. Derived rate coefficients for substituted phenols can be utilized in detailed kinetic models for lignin/biomass pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Hudzik
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Joseph W Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Rubik Asatryan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New Jersey 14226, United States
| | - Eli Ruckenstein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New Jersey 14226, United States
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169
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170
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Stabilization strategies in biomass depolymerization using chemical functionalization. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:311-330. [PMID: 37127959 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-0187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A central feature of most lignocellulosic-biomass-valorization strategies is the depolymerization of all its three major constituents: cellulose and hemicellulose to simple sugars, and lignin to phenolic monomers. However, reactive intermediates, generally resulting from dehydration reactions, can participate in undesirable condensation pathways during biomass deconstruction, which have posed fundamental challenges to commercial biomass valorization. Thus, new strategies specifically aim to suppress condensations of reactive intermediates, either avoiding their formation by functionalizing the native structure or intermediates or selectively transforming these intermediates into stable derivatives. These strategies have provided unforeseen upgrading pathways, products and process solutions. In this Review, we outline the molecular driving forces that shape the deconstruction landscape and describe the strategies for chemical functionalization. We then offer an outlook on further developments and the potential of these strategies to sustainably produce renewable-platform chemicals.
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171
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Hudzik JM, Barekati-Goudarzi M, Khachatryan L, Bozzelli JW, Ruckenstein E, Asatryan R. OH-Initiated Reactions of para-Coumaryl Alcohol Relevant to the Lignin Pyrolysis. Part II. Kinetic Analysis. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:4875-4904. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Hudzik
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | | | - Lavrent Khachatryan
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Eli Ruckenstein
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14226, United States
| | - Rubik Asatryan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14226, United States
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172
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Wang L, Ni H, Zhang J, Shi Q, Zhang R, Yu H, Li M. Enzymatic treatment improves fast pyrolysis product selectivity of softwood and hardwood lignin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 717:137241. [PMID: 32070898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast pyrolysis of lignin is still struggling in efficiency and scalable utilization. The low product selectivity thereby represents one of the most challenging issues. White-rot fungi have been widely used in bio-pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, where ligninolytic enzymes have been evidenced to modify lignin structures and enhance bio-refining efficiency. We thus treated lignin from both softwood (ginkgo) and hardwood (poplar) with enzymatic cocktail from white-rot fungus for fast pyrolysis. Both ginkgo and poplar lignin had much improved product selectivity at lower temperature after enzymatic modification, in particular, the 2-methoxy-phenol production from ginkgo lignin. Besides the improved product selectivity, the residue bio-char from pyrolysis had much improved surface area with more porous structures. Mechanistic study showed that the improvement of lignin pyrolysis products might attribute to demethoxylation and interunit linkage cleavage of lignin during enzymatic treatment. All these results highlighted that the product selectivity and bio-char performances have been synergistically improved by enzymatic treatment, which could thus pave a new way for enhancing fast pyrolysis efficiency. Overall, using softwood and hardwood lignin, this research has presented a new strategy using ligninolytic enzyme to modify lignin for synergistically improving product selectivity and bio-char performances, which opened up a new avenue for lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Haoxiang Ni
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jialong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qipeng Shi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Mengjie Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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173
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Ma Y, Tan W, Wang J, Xu J, Wang K, Jiang J. Liquefaction of bamboo biomass and production of three fractions containing aromatic compounds. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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174
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Escobar ELN, da Silva TA, Pirich CL, Corazza ML, Pereira Ramos L. Supercritical Fluids: A Promising Technique for Biomass Pretreatment and Fractionation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:252. [PMID: 32391337 PMCID: PMC7191036 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomasses are primarily composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin and these biopolymers are bonded together in a heterogeneous matrix that is highly recalcitrant to chemical or biological conversion processes. Thus, an efficient pretreatment technique must be selected and applied to this type of biomass in order to facilitate its utilization in biorefineries. Classical pretreatment methods tend to operate under severe conditions, leading to sugar losses by dehydration and to the release of inhibitory compounds such as furfural (2-furaldehyde), 5-hydroxy-2-methylfurfural (5-HMF), and organic acids. By contrast, supercritical fluids can pretreat lignocellulosic materials under relatively mild pretreatment conditions, resulting in high sugar yields, low production of fermentation inhibitors and high susceptibilities to enzymatic hydrolysis while reducing the consumption of chemicals, including solvents, reagents, and catalysts. This work presents a review of biomass pretreatment technologies, aiming to deliver a state-of-art compilation of methods and results with emphasis on supercritical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estephanie Laura Nottar Escobar
- Applied Kinetics and Thermodynamics Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Thiago Alessandre da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center in Applied Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Cleverton Luiz Pirich
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center in Applied Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcos Lúcio Corazza
- Applied Kinetics and Thermodynamics Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luiz Pereira Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center in Applied Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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175
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He S, Zhao M, Wang J, Cheng Z, Yan B, Chen G. Hydrothermal liquefaction of low-lipid algae Nannochloropsis sp. and Sargassum sp.: Effect of feedstock composition and temperature. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:135677. [PMID: 31791797 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Low-lipid content algae have demonstrated potential in the bio-crude production because of their high yield and robust ability to adapt to hostile cultivation environment in mass cultivation. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) technology is an effective method to convert wet algae to bio-crudes directly. In this study, the HTL processes of two low-lipid content algae, Nannochloropsis sp. and Sargassum sp., were investigated under various reaction temperatures (260-320 °C). Results showed that the bio-crudes yield of Nannochloropsis sp. (39.05 wt% to 54.11 wt%) was significantly higher than that of Sargassum sp. (3.11 wt% to 9.49 wt%). The higher heating value of Nannochloropsis sp. (35.92 MJ/kg to 37.88 MJ/kg) were also slightly higher than that of Sargassum sp., (33.63 MJ/kg to 35.23 MJ/kg). GC-MS analyses showed that Nannochloropsis sp. bio-crude mainly contained amides and N-heterocyclic compounds while Sargassum sp. bio-crude mainly contained N-heterocyclic compounds and ketones. Alcohols were the major aqueous phase compounds for both algae. For Nannochloropsis sp., glycerin accounted for the largest proportion in alcohols, while dianhydromannitol and 1,5-anhydro-d-mannitol were the major alcohols component for Sargassum sp. Based on the compositions of the HTL products and the feedstock, a reaction pathway network of the HTL process of low-lipid algae was proposed in this study. Amino acids related interactions like acylation and Maillard reaction were prominent in HTL process of these two algae, which effectively converted protein and carbohydrate compounds into bio-crudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirong He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Minfeng Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jinglan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhanjun Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Beibei Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Biomass/Wastes Utilization, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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176
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Jin H, Ding W, Bai B, Cao C. Molecular dynamics simulation study used in systems with supercritical water. REV CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2019-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Supercritical water (SCW) is a green solvent. The supercritical fluids have been increasingly concerned and studied in many areas such as SCW gasification, biofuel production, SCW hydrothermal conversion, organic wastes treatment and utilization, nanotechnology, etc. Because of the severe circumstances and rapid reactions in supercritical water, it is difficult for experimental researchers to disentangle various fundamental reaction steps from the intermediate and product distributions. From this perspective, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation based on quantum chemistry is an efficient tool for studying and exploring complex molecular systems. In recent years, molecular simulations and quantum chemical calculations have become powerful for illustrating the possible internal mechanism of a complex system. However, now there is no literature about the overview of MD simulation study of the system with SCW. Therefore, in this paper, an overview of MD simulation investigation applied in various systems with SCW is presented. In the current review we explore diverse research areas. Namely, the applications of MD simulation on investigating the properties of SCW, pyrolysis/gasification systems with SCW, dissolution systems and oxidation systems with SCW were summarized. And the corresponding problems in diverse systems were discussed. Furthermore, the advances and problems in MD simulation study were also discussed. Finally, possible directions for future research were outlined. This work is expected to be one reference for the further theoretical and molecular simulation investigations of systems involving SCW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering , Xi'an JiaoTong University , 710049, Shaanxi , China
| | - Weijing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering , Xi'an JiaoTong University , 710049, Shaanxi , China
| | - Bin Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering , Xi'an JiaoTong University , 710049, Shaanxi , China
| | - Changqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering , Xi'an JiaoTong University , 710049, Shaanxi , China
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177
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Hibiscus Rosasinensis L. aqueous extract-assisted valorization of lignin: Preparation of magnetically reusable Pd NPs@Fe3O4-lignin for Cr(VI) reduction and Suzuki-Miyaura reaction in eco-friendly media. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:265-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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178
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Enzymatic plasticising of lignin and styrene with adipic acid to synthesize a biopolymer with high antioxidant and thermostability. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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179
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Zhu Y, Li Z, Wang X, Ding N, Tian Y. Preparation and Application of Lignin‐Based Epoxy Resin from Pulping Black Liquor. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Zhu
- College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Na Ding
- College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Yumei Tian
- College of ChemistryJilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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180
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Hou L, Ji D, Dong W, Yuan L, Zhang F, Li Y, Zang L. The Synergistic Action of Electro-Fenton and White-Rot Fungi in the Degradation of Lignin. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:99. [PMID: 32226782 PMCID: PMC7080661 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
White-rot fungus is a common lignin-degrading fungus. However, compared with those of microorganisms that biodegrade lignin alone, synergistic systems of electro-Fenton processes and white-rot fungi are superior because of their high efficiency, mild conditions, and environmental friendliness. To investigate the details of lignin degradation by a synergistic system comprising electro-Fenton processes and white-rot fungi, lignin degradation was studied at different voltages with three lignin-degrading fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Lentinula edodes, and Trametes versicolor). The lignin degradation efficiency (82∼89%) of the synergistic systems at 4 V was higher than that of a control at 96 h post inoculation. Furthermore, the H2O2 produced and phenolic lignin converted in the system can significantly enhance the efficiency of ligninolytic enzymes, so a considerably increased enzyme activity was obtained by the synergistic action of electro-Fenton processes and white-rot fungi. 13C NMR spectroscopy revealed that aromatic structure units (103-162 ppm) were effectively degraded by the three fungi. This study shows that the combination of electro-Fenton processes and white-rot fungi treatment significantly improved the lignin degradation efficiency, which established a promising strategy for lignin degradation and valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, China
| | - Dandan Ji
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, China.,Huatai Group Corp. Ltd., Dongying, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Weifang Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, China
| | | | - Yan Li
- Langfang Meihua Biotechnology Development Co. Ltd., Langfang, China
| | - Lihua Zang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan, China
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181
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Zhang S, Cheng Z, Zeng S, Li G, Xiong J, Ding L, Gauthier M. Synthesis and characterization of renewable polyesters based on vanillic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silong Zhang
- Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key LaboratoryWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Zhengzai Cheng
- Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key LaboratoryWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | | | - Guangyao Li
- Research Institute of Fine Organic Chemicals & Organic Materials at School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Research Institute of Fine Organic Chemicals & Organic Materials at School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ling Ding
- Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials Hubei Key LaboratoryWuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Mario Gauthier
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
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182
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183
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Li X, Li M, Pu Y, Ragauskas AJ, Zheng Y. Simultaneous depolymerization and fermentation of lignin into value-added products by the marine protist, Thraustochytrium striatum. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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184
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Batiste DC, Meyersohn MS, Watts A, Hillmyer MA. Efficient Polymerization of Methyl-ε-Caprolactone Mixtures To Access Sustainable Aliphatic Polyesters. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek C. Batiste
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marianne S. Meyersohn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Annabelle Watts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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185
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Lee H, Jae J, Lee HW, Park S, Jeong J, Lam SS, Park YK. Production of bio-oil with reduced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via continuous pyrolysis of biobutanol process derived waste lignin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121231. [PMID: 31577973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fast pyrolysis of waste lignin derived from biobutanol production process was performed to determine the optimal pyrolysis conditions and pyrolysis product properties. Four types of pyrolysis reactors, e.g.: micro-scale pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, lab and bench scale fixed bed (FB) reactors, and bench scale rotary kiln (RK) reactor, were employed to compare the pyrolysis reaction conditions and product properties obtained from different reactors. The yields of char, oil, and gas obtained from lab scale and bench scale reactor were almost similar compared to FB reactor. RK reactor produced desirable bio-oil with much reduced yield of poly aromatic hydrocarbons (cancer precursor) due to its higher cracking reaction efficiency. In addition, char agglomeration and foaming of lignin pyrolysis were greatly restricted by using RK reactor compared to the FB reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Lee
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Jae
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Lee
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Jeong
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries Research, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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186
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Pyrolysis Products Distribution of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Lignin with/without Steam Explosion Treatment by Py-GC/MS. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper investigated the pyrolytic behaviors of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) and EHL treated with steam explosion (EHL-SE) by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (Py-GC/MS). It was shown that the main component of the pyrolysis products was phenolic compounds, including G-type, H-type, S-type, and C-type phenols. With different treatment methods, the proportion of units in phenolic products had changed significantly. Meanwhile, proximate, elemental, and FTIR analysis of both lignin substrates were also carried out for a further understanding of the lignin structure and composition with or without steam explosion treatment. FTIR result showed that, after steam explosion treatment, the fundamental structural framework of the lignin substrate was almost unchangeable, but the content of lignin constituent units, e.g., hydroxyl group and alkyl group, evidently changed. It was noticeable that 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol with 11% relative content was the most predominant pyrolytic product for lignin after steam explosion treatment. Combined with the above analysis, the structural change and pyrolysis product distribution of EHL with or without steam explosion treatment could be better understood, providing more support for the multi-functional utilization of lignin.
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187
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Peng C, Zhai Y, Hornung A, Wang B, Li S, Wang T, Li C, Zhu Y. In-depth comparison of morphology, microstructure, and pathway of char derived from sewage sludge and relevant model compounds. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 102:432-440. [PMID: 31734554 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal conversion (HTC) of sewage sludge (SS) and its relevant model compounds such as cellulose, glucose, lignin and soybean protein (substitute for protein) was experimentally conducted at moderate reaction temperature of 260 °C for 60 min. The structural properties, carbon-containing groups, and microstructure of the char were characterised by several techniques. The results revealed that more benzene rings were formed by small clusters and the CO bond on Aryl-alkyl ether decomposed on the surface particles during the HTC process. In addition, the catalyst Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5, Si/Al: 300) showed an excellent performance on the high graphite degree of the char under moderate reaction temperature of 260 °C. In particular, cellulose has the most dramatic influence on the depolymerisation of C(C,H). As evidenced with SEM, the size of the char derived from SS with ZSM-5 catalyst is 10-15 μm, which is smaller than the char without catalyst. A mechanism for derivation of char from individual model compounds is proposed. The end products of lignin are composed of polyaromatic char, while the composition of the char derived from protein suggests that polymerisation may occur during hydrothermal reaction leading to formation of structures with N-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, PR China; Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yunbo Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Andreas Hornung
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Institute Branch Sulzbach-Rosenberg, Sulzbach-Rosenberg 92237, Germany
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shanhong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Caiting Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yun Zhu
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
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188
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Ngo TTD, Huynh KD, Ibrahim H, Nguyen TH, Bournaud C, Toffano M, Vo-Thanh G. Chiral catalysts derived from biomass: design, synthesis and applications in asymmetric catalysis. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/vjch.201900177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Duong Ngo
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, ICMMO. UMR 8182. Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire. Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay; 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Khanh Duy Huynh
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, ICMMO. UMR 8182. Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire. Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay; 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Houssein Ibrahim
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, ICMMO. UMR 8182. Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire. Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay; 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Thi Huong Nguyen
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, ICMMO. UMR 8182. Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire. Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay; 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | - Chloée Bournaud
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, ICMMO. UMR 8182. Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire. Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay; 91405 Orsay Cedex France
| | | | - Giang Vo-Thanh
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, ICMMO. UMR 8182. Laboratoire de Catalyse Moléculaire. Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay; 91405 Orsay Cedex France
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189
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Guan Y, Zhao W, Liu K, Guo T, Wang D, Cui M, Fu S, Fan X, Wei X. Depolymerization of alkaline lignin over mesoporous KF/ γ-Al 2O 3. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03063e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A KF/γ-Al2O3 catalyst is prepared and used in lignin depolymerization into low-molecular weight compounds, such as phenols and aliphatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kaishuai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dingkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shuiyuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xianyong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization
- China University of Mining & Technology
- Xuzhou 221116
- People's Republic of China
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190
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Wong SS, Shu R, Zhang J, Liu H, Yan N. Downstream processing of lignin derived feedstock into end products. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5510-5560. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00134a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review provides critical analysis on various downstream processes to convert lignin derived feedstock into fuels, chemicals and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sie Shing Wong
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University
- International Campus of Tianjin University
- Fuzhou 350207
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| | - Riyang Shu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
| | - Jiaguang Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane
- Lincoln
- UK
| | - Haichao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Ning Yan
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University
- International Campus of Tianjin University
- Fuzhou 350207
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
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191
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da Silva SHF, Gordobil O, Labidi J. Organic acids as a greener alternative for the precipitation of hardwood kraft lignins from the industrial black liquor. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 142:583-591. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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192
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Nguyen ST, Murray PRD, Knowles RR. Light-Driven Depolymerization of Native Lignin Enabled by Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suong T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Philip R. D. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Robert R. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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193
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Chan JC, Paice M, Zhang X. Enzymatic Oxidation of Lignin: Challenges and Barriers Toward Practical Applications. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jou C. Chan
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State University 2710 Crimson Way Richland WA-99354 USA
| | - Michael Paice
- FPInnovations Pulp Paper & Bioproducts 2665 East Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State University 2710 Crimson Way Richland WA-99354 USA
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 520 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, MSIN P8-60 Richland WA-99352 USA
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194
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Yang W, Du X, Liu W, Wang Z, Dai H, Deng Y. Direct Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass into Value-Added Chemicals by Polyoxometalate Catalyzed Oxidation under Mild Conditions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Yang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
| | - Xu Du
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
| | - Zewei Wang
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
| | - Hongqi Dai
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forestry Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
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195
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Carrozza CF, Papa G, Citterio A, Sebastiano R, Simmons BA, Singh S. One-pot bio-derived ionic liquid conversion followed by hydrogenolysis reaction for biomass valorization: A promising approach affecting the morphology and quality of lignin of switchgrass and poplar. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122214. [PMID: 31605914 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of bio-derived ionic liquids (e.g., cholinium lysinate) in a one-pot process was evaluated on overall sugar and lignin yields as a function of two model woody and herbaceous feedstocks, switchgrass and poplar, with emphasis on the study of physical and chemical alterations in lignin structure, by performing a detailed mass balance analysis and chemical characterization. Multiple chromatographic and spectroscopic analytical techniques were applied tracking lignin reactivity and partitioning during the ionic liquid one-pot conversion. Depolymerization efficiency of the lignin-rich residue derived from the whole process was investigated as a function of different temperatures and pressures during catalytic hydrogenolysis by Ni(SO)4. This study validates the potential of ionic liquid one pot process as an integrated approach for full exploitation of lignocellulosic feedstocks. The insights gained will contribute to the design of future conversion routes for efficient biomass deconstruction and lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Francesca Carrozza
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Milano, IT, Italy
| | - Gabriella Papa
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Attilio Citterio
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Milano, IT, Italy
| | - Roberto Sebastiano
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta" Milano, IT, Italy
| | - Blake A Simmons
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis Street, Emeryville, CA, USA; Biological and Engineering Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, 7011 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, USA.
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196
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Ghoreishi S, Barth T, Hermundsgård DH. Effect of Reaction Conditions on Catalytic and Noncatalytic Lignin Solvolysis in Water Media Investigated for a 5 L Reactor. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19265-19278. [PMID: 31763550 PMCID: PMC6868905 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high content of oxygen in the lignin polymer and the prevalence of phenolic functional groups make the conversion of lignin to fuels and value-added products with well-defined chemical properties challenging. The lignin-to-liquid process using a water/formic acid reaction medium has been shown to convert the lignin polymer to monomers with a molecular weight range of 300-600 Da. The bio-oil comprises a complex mixture of monomeric phenols, aromatics, and aliphatic hydrocarbons with a high H/C and low O/C ratio. This study investigates the effect of the stirring rate, level of loading, and catalyst at 305 and 350 °C in a 5 L pilot scale reactor. The oil yields are found to be highest for experiments conducted using the maximum stirring rate, maximum level of loading, and Ru/Al2O3 catalyst with yields of more than 69 wt % on lignin intake. Goethite as a catalyst does not show good conversion efficiency at either reaction temperatures. The carbon recovery is highest for products produced at 305 °C. Furthermore, results from solid phase extraction on a DSC-CN solid phase show that 65-92 wt % the bio-oils can be recovered as fractions separated based on polarity.
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197
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Yu X, Peng L, Pu Q, Tao R, Gao X, He L, Zhang J. Efficient valorization of biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol to butyl levulinate using a facile lignin-based carbonaceous acid. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-019-04045-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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198
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Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Isolated by Hybrid Organosolv—Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Hardwood and Softwood Biomass for the Production of Phenolics and Aromatics. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9110935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin, one of the three main structural biopolymers of lignocellulosic biomass, is the most abundant natural source of aromatics with a great valorization potential towards the production of fuels, chemicals, and polymers. Although kraft lignin and lignosulphonates, as byproducts of the pulp/paper industry, are available in vast amounts, other types of lignins, such as the organosolv or the hydrolysis lignin, are becoming increasingly important, as they are side-streams of new biorefinery processes aiming at the (bio)catalytic valorization of biomass sugars. Within this context, in this work, we studied the thermal (non-catalytic) and catalytic fast pyrolysis of softwood (spruce) and hardwood (birch) lignins, isolated by a hybrid organosolv–steam explosion biomass pretreatment method in order to investigate the effect of lignin origin/composition on product yields and lignin bio-oil composition. The catalysts studied were conventional microporous ZSM-5 (Zeolite Socony Mobil–5) zeolites and hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites with intracrystal mesopores (i.e., 9 and 45 nm) or nano-sized ZSM-5 with a high external surface. All ZSM-5 zeolites were active in converting the initially produced via thermal pyrolysis alkoxy-phenols (i.e., of guaiacyl and syringyl/guaiacyl type for spruce and birch lignin, respectively) towards BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene) aromatics, alkyl-phenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, mainly naphthalenes), with the mesoporous ZSM-5 exhibiting higher dealkoxylation reactivity and being significantly more selective towards mono-aromatics compared to the conventional ZSM-5, for both spruce and birch lignin.
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199
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High yield one-pot synthesis of high density and low freezing point jet-fuel-ranged blending from bio-derived phenol and cyclopentanol. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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200
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Catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX) of natural gas and renewable hydrocarbons/oxygenated hydrocarbons—A review. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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