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Mou Y, Yue Z, Zhang H, Shi X, Zhang M, Chang X, Gao H, Li R, Wang Z. High quality in vitro expansion of human endothelial progenitor cells of human umbilical vein origin. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:294-301. [PMID: 28367090 PMCID: PMC5370292 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.18137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited availability of qualified endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is a major challenge for regenerative medicine. In the present study, we isolated human EPCs from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by using magnetic micro-beads coated with an antibody against human CD34. Flow cytometric assay showed that majority of these cells expressed VEGFR2 (KDR), CD34 and CD133, three molecular markers for early EPCs. It was also found that a bioreactor micro-carrier cell culture system (bio-MCCS) was superior to dish culture for in vitro expansion of EPCs. It expanded more EPCs which were in the early stage, as shown by the expression of characteristic molecular markers and had better angiogenic potential, as shown by matrix-gel based in vitro angiogenesis assay. These results suggest that HUVECs might be a novel promising resource of EPCs for regenerative medicine and that a bio-MCCS cell culture system might be broadly used for in vitro expansion of EPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mou
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China;; The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Yue
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China;; The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingrui Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaona Chang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ronggui Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zonggui Wang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Methods for Studying the Role of RAAS in the Modulation of Vascular Repair-Relevant Functions of Stem/Progenitor Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1614:47-59. [PMID: 28500594 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7030-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, previously unknown functions have been conferred to the RAAS and have been explored in mechanistic studies and disease models. Implication of bone marrow stem/progenitor cells in the cardiovascular protective or detrimental effects of RAAS is a prominent advancement because of the translational significance. Selected members of RAAS are now known to modulate migration, proliferation, and mobilization of bone marrow cells in response to ischemic insult, which are sensitive indicators of vascular repair-relevant functions. In this Chapter, protocols for most frequently used, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays to explore the potential of RAAS members to stimulate vascular repair-relevant functions of bone marrow stem/progenitor cells of human and murine origin.
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Yu H, Lu K, Zhu J, Wang J. Stem cell therapy for ischemic heart diseases. Br Med Bull 2017; 121:135-154. [PMID: 28164211 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldw059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemic heart diseases, especially the myocardial infarction, is a major hazard problem to human health. Despite substantial advances in control of risk factors and therapies with drugs and interventions including bypass surgery and stent placement, the ischemic heart diseases usually result in heart failure (HF), which could aggravate social burden and increase the mortality rate. The current therapeutic methods to treat HF stay at delaying the disease progression without repair and regeneration of the damaged myocardium. While heart transplantation is the only effective therapy for end-stage patients, limited supply of donor heart makes it impossible to meet the substantial demand from patients with HF. Stem cell-based transplantation is one of the most promising treatment for the damaged myocardial tissue. SOURCES OF DATA Key recent published literatures and ClinicalTrials.gov. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Stem cell-based therapy is a promising strategy for the damaged myocardial tissue. Different kinds of stem cells have their advantages for treatment of Ischemic heart diseases. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY The efficacy and potency of cell therapies vary significantly from trial to trial; some clinical trials did not show benefit. Diverged effects of cell therapy could be affected by cell types, sources, delivery methods, dose and their mechanisms by which delivered cells exert their effects. GROWING POINTS Understanding the origin of the regenerated cardiomyocytes, exploring the therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived exosomes and using the cell reprogram technology to improve the efficacy of cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH Recently, stem cell-derived exosomes emerge as a critical player in paracrine mechanism of stem cell-based therapy. It is promising to exploit exosomes-based cell-free therapy for ischemic heart diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, 158 Guangchanghou Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, P.R. China
| | - Jinyun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P.R. China
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Xu RW, Zhang WJ, Zhang JB, Wen JY, Wang M, Liu HL, Pan L, Yu CA, Lou JN, Liu P. A Preliminary Study of the Therapeutic Role of Human Early Fetal Aorta-derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Inhibiting Carotid Artery Neointimal Hyperplasia. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 128:3357-62. [PMID: 26668152 PMCID: PMC4797513 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.171453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endothelial cell damage is an important pathophysiological step of restenosis after angioplasty and stenting. Cell transplantation has great therapeutic potential for endothelial recovery. We investigated the effect of transplanting endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from human early fetal aortas in rat injured arteries. Methods: The carotid arterial endothelium of Sprague-Dawley rats was damaged by dilatation with a 1.5 F balloon catheter, and then EPCs derived from human early fetal aortas (<14 weeks) were injected into the lumen of the injured artery in transplanted rats, with an equal volume of normal saline injected into control rats. Rats were sacrificed at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment and transplanted cells were identified by immunohistochemical staining with anti-human CD31 and anti-human mitochondria antibodies. Arterial cross-sections were analyzed by pathology, immunohistochemistry, and morphometry. Results: Green fluorescence-labeled EPCs could be seen in the endovascular surface of balloon-injured vessels after transplantation. The intimal area and intimal/medial area ratio were significantly smaller in the transplanted group than in the control (P < 0.05) and the residual lumen area was larger (P < 0.05). After EPC transplantation, a complete vascular endothelial layer was formed, which was positive for human von Willebrand factor after immunohistochemical staining, and immunohistochemical staining revealed many CD31- and mitochondria-positive cells in the re-endothelialized endothelium with EPC transplantation but not control treatment. Conclusion: EPCs derived from human early fetal aorta were successfully transplanted into injured vessels and might inhibit neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100073, China
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García JR, García AJ. Biomaterial-mediated strategies targeting vascularization for bone repair. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2016; 6:77-95. [PMID: 26014967 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-015-0236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Repair of non-healing bone defects through tissue engineering strategies remains a challenging feat in the clinic due to the aversive microenvironment surrounding the injured tissue. The vascular damage that occurs following a bone injury causes extreme ischemia and a loss of circulating cells that contribute to regeneration. Tissue-engineered constructs aimed at regenerating the injured bone suffer from complications based on the slow progression of endogenous vascular repair and often fail at bridging the bone defect. To that end, various strategies have been explored to increase blood vessel regeneration within defects to facilitate both tissue-engineered and natural repair processes. Developments that induce robust vascularization will need to consolidate various parameters including optimization of embedded therapeutics, scaffold characteristics, and successful integration between the construct and the biological tissue. This review provides an overview of current strategies as well as new developments in engineering biomaterials to induce reparation of a functional vascular supply in the context of bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Zhao WN, Xu SQ, Liang JF, Peng L, Liu HL, Wang Z, Fang Q, Wang M, Yin WQ, Zhang WJ, Lou JN. Endothelial progenitor cells from human fetal aorta cure diabetic foot in a rat model. Metabolism 2016; 65:1755-1767. [PMID: 27832863 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence has suggested that circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can repair the arterial endothelium during vascular injury. However, a reliable source of human EPCs is needed for therapeutic applications. In this study, we isolated human fetal aorta (HFA)-derived EPCs and analyzed the capacity of EPCs to differentiate into endothelial cells. In addition, because microvascular dysfunction is considered to be the major cause of diabetic foot (DF), we investigated whether transplantation of HFA-derived EPCs could treat DF in a rat model. METHODS EPCs were isolated from clinically aborted fetal aorta. RT-PCR, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, immunofluorescence, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to examine the expressions of CD133, CD34, CD31, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2), von Willebrand Factor (vWF), and Endothelial Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule-1 (ELAM-1). Morphology and Dil-uptake were used to assess function of the EPCs. We then established a DF model by injecting microcarriers into the hind-limb arteries of Goto-Kakizaki rats and then transplanting the cultured EPCs into the ischemic hind limbs. Thermal infrared imaging, oxygen saturation apparatus, and laser Doppler perfusion imaging were used to monitor the progression of the disease. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the microvascular tissue formed by HFA-derived EPCs. RESULTS We found that CD133, CD34, and VEGFR2 were expressed by HFA-derived EPCs. After VEGF induction, CD133 expression was significantly decreased, but expression levels of vWF and ELAM-1 were markedly increased. Furthermore, tube formation and Dil-uptake were improved after VEGF induction. These observations suggest that EPCs could differentiate into endothelial cells. In the DF model, temperature, blood flow, and oxygen saturation were reduced but recovered to a nearly normal level following injection of the EPCs in the hind limb. Ischemic symptoms also improved. Injected EPCs were preferentially and durably engrafted into the blood vessels. In addition, anti-human CD31+-AMA+-vWF+ microvasculars were detected after transplantation of EPCs. CONCLUSION Early fetal aorta-derived EPCs possess strong self-renewal ability and can differentiate into endothelial cells. We demonstrated for the first time that transplanting HFA-derived EPCs could ameliorate DF prognosis in a rat model. These findings suggest that the transplantation of HFA-derived EPCs could serve as an innovative therapeutic strategy for managing DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ni Zhao
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Qing Xu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Feng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Lin Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zai Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Qin Yin
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jian Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Jin-Ning Lou
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China; Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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158
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Lee JH, Ji ST, Kim J, Takaki S, Asahara T, Hong YJ, Kwon SM. Specific disruption of Lnk in murine endothelial progenitor cells promotes dermal wound healing via enhanced vasculogenesis, activation of myofibroblasts, and suppression of inflammatory cell recruitment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:158. [PMID: 27793180 PMCID: PMC5084514 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to wound repair by promoting neovascularization, the mechanism of EPC-mediated wound healing remains poorly understood due to the lack of pivotal molecular targets of dermal wound repair. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that genetic targeting of the Lnk gene in EPCs dramatically enhances the vasculogenic potential including cell proliferation, migration, and tubule-like formation as well as accelerates in vivo wound healing, with a reduction in fibrotic tissue and improved neovascularization via significant suppression of inflammatory cell recruitment. When injected into wound sites, Lnk -/- EPCs gave rise to a significant number of new vessels, with remarkably increased survival of transplanted cells and decreased recruitment of cytotoxic T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, but caused activation of fibroblasts in the wound-remodeling phase. Notably, in a mouse model of type I diabetes, transplanted Lnk -/- EPCs induced significantly better wound healing than Lnk +/+ EPCs did. CONCLUSIONS The specific targeting of Lnk may be a promising EPC-based therapeutic strategy for dermal wound healing via improvement of neovascularization but inhibition of excessive inflammation as well as activation of myofibroblasts during dermal tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Seung Taek Ji
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Kim
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Satoshi Takaki
- Department of Immune Regulation, Research Centre for Hepatitis and Immunology, Research Institute, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asahara
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Young-Joon Hong
- Division of Cardiology of Chonnam National University Hospital, Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Mo Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Republic of Korea.
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159
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Wils J, Favre J, Bellien J. Modulating putative endothelial progenitor cells for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 170:98-115. [PMID: 27773788 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes induces a decrease in the number and function of different pro-angiogenic cell types generically designated as putative endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), which encompasses cells from myeloid origin that act in a paracrine fashion to promote angiogenesis and putative "true" EPC that contribute to endothelial replacement. This not only compromises neovasculogenesis in ischemic tissues but also impairs, at an early stage, the reendotheliziation process at sites of injury, contributing to the development of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular complications. Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia promote putative EPC dysregulation by affecting the SDF-1/CXCR-4 and NO pathways and the p53/SIRT1/p66Shc axis that contribute to their mobilization, migration, homing and vasculogenic properties. To optimize the clinical management of patients with hypoglycemic agents, statins and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, which display pleiotropic effects on putative EPC, is a first step to improve their number and angiogenic potential but specific strategies are needed. Among them, mobilizing therapies based on G-CSF, erythropoietin or CXCR-4 antagonism have been developed to increase putative EPC number to treat ischemic diseases with or without prior cell isolation and transplantation. Growth factors, genetic and pharmacological strategies are also evaluated to improve ex vivo cultured EPC function before transplantation. Moreover, pharmacological agents increasing in vivo the bioavailability of NO and other endothelial factors demonstrated beneficial effects on neovascularization in diabetic ischemic models but their effects on endothelial dysfunction remain poorly evaluated. More experiments are warranted to develop orally available drugs and specific agents targeting p66Shc to reverse putative EPC dysfunction in the expected goal of preventing endothelial dysfunction and diabetic cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Wils
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1096, Rouen, France; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France
| | - Julie Favre
- MITOVASC Institute, Angers, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 6214, Angers, France; INSERM U1083, Angers, France; University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jérémy Bellien
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1096, Rouen, France; University of Rouen, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Rouen, France.
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160
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Cañete A, Comaills V, Prados I, Castro AM, Hammad S, Ybot-Gonzalez P, Bockamp E, Hengstler JG, Gottgens B, Sánchez MJ. Characterization of a Fetal Liver Cell Population Endowed with Long-Term Multiorgan Endothelial Reconstitution Potential. Stem Cells 2016; 35:507-521. [PMID: 27615355 PMCID: PMC5298023 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stable reconstitution of vascular endothelial beds upon transplantation of progenitor cells represents an important challenge due to the paucity and generally limited integration/expansion potential of most identified vascular related cell subsets. We previously showed that mouse fetal liver (FL) hemato/vascular cells from day 12 of gestation (E12), expressing the Stem Cell Leukaemia (SCL) gene enhancer transgene (SCL‐PLAP+ cells), had robust endothelial engraftment potential when transferred to the blood stream of newborns or adult conditioned recipients, compared to the scarce vascular contribution of adult bone marrow cells. However, the specific SCL‐PLAP+ hematopoietic or endothelial cell subset responsible for the long‐term reconstituting endothelial cell (LTR‐EC) activity and its confinement to FL developmental stages remained unknown. Using a busulfan‐treated newborn transplantation model, we show that LTR‐EC activity is restricted to the SCL‐PLAP+VE‐cadherin+CD45− cell population, devoid of hematopoietic reconstitution activity and largely composed by Lyve1+ endothelial‐committed cells. SCL‐PLAP+ Ve‐cadherin+CD45− cells contributed to the liver sinusoidal endothelium and also to the heart, kidney and lung microvasculature. LTR‐EC activity was detected at different stages of FL development, yet marginal activity was identified in the adult liver, revealing unknown functional differences between fetal and adult liver endothelial/endothelial progenitors. Importantly, the observations that expanding donor‐derived vascular grafts colocalize with proliferating hepatocyte‐like cells and participate in the systemic circulation, support their functional integration into young livers. These findings offer new insights into the engraftment, phonotypical, and developmental characterization of a novel endothelial/endothelial progenitor cell subtype with multiorgan LTR‐EC activity, potentially instrumental for the treatment/genetic correction of vascular diseases. Stem Cells2017;35:507–521
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cañete
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valentine Comaills
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Prados
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana María Castro
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Toxicology, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.,Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patricia Ybot-Gonzalez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Ernesto Bockamp
- Institute of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan G Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bertie Gottgens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research & Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge University, United Kingdom
| | - María José Sánchez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Junta de Andalucía (JA), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Sevilla, Spain
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161
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Transplanted Endothelial Progenitor Cells Improve Ischemia Muscle Regeneration in Mice by Diffusion Tensor MR Imaging. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:3641401. [PMID: 27656214 PMCID: PMC5021888 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3641401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in repairing ischemia tissues. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was applied to detect the architectural organization of skeletal muscle. This study investigated the feasibility and accuracy of using the DTI to evaluate effectiveness of EPCs treatment. Mouse bone marrow-derived EPCs were isolated, cultured, characterized, and transplanted to hindlimb ischemia mice model. DTI was performed on the hindlimb at postischemia time points. The edema regions of diffusion restriction (high signal in diffusion weighted imaging) were decreased in the ischemic muscle of EPCs treated mice after 14 days compared with the controls. These results from DTI show the lower apparent diffusion coefficient and eigenvalues (λ1, λ2, and λ3) and the higher fractional anisotropy and fiber counts of ischemic muscle on 7 and 14 days after EPCs treatment compared to the controls. There was a significant correlation between fiber counts calculated by DTI and survival fibers evaluated by histological section (r = 0.873, P < 0.01). Our study demonstrated that the time frame for muscle fiber regeneration after EPCs transplantation was significantly shortened in vivo. DTI could be a useful tool for noninvasive evaluation of muscle tissue damage and repair in animal models and patient with ischemic diseases.
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162
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Endothelial progenitor cells accelerate the resolution of deep vein thrombosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 83:10-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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163
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Bertagnolli M, Nuyt AM, Thébaud B, Luu TM. Endothelial Progenitor Cells as Prognostic Markers of Preterm Birth-Associated Complications. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:7-13. [PMID: 28170188 PMCID: PMC5442749 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is associated with alteration of the vascular tree that can result in disease states such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity during the neonatal period and emphysema and hypertension in adulthood. Studies have suggested a potential role for endothelial progenitor cells in the pathophysiology of prematurity-related complications involving blood vessels; however, this knowledge has never been synthesized. We conducted a systematic review of the published data to examine the characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells in relation to preterm birth in humans. Preterm infants compared with term controls displayed similar or increased circulating/cord blood endothelial progenitor cell counts. However, the preterm endothelial progenitor cells were more vulnerable to exogenous factors such as oxidative stress. A reduced number, in particular of endothelial colony-forming cells, was associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. No studies have examined endothelial progenitor cells beyond the neonatal period. These findings could prove useful in the identification of biomarkers for prognostication or therapeutic strategies for vascular-related diseases in preterm-born individuals. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:7-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Bertagnolli
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte‐Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Monique Nuyt
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte‐Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thuy Mai Luu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sainte‐Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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164
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Capitão M, Soares R. Angiogenesis and Inflammation Crosstalk in Diabetic Retinopathy. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2443-53. [PMID: 27128219 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most prevalent microvascular complications of diabetes and one of the most frequent causes of blindness in active age. Etiopathogenesis behind this important complication is related to several biochemical, hemodynamic and endocrine mechanisms with a preponderant initial role assumed by polyol pathways, increment of growth factors, accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE), activation of protein kinase C (PKC), activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and leukostasis. Chronic and sustained hyperglycemia works as a trigger to the early alterations that culminate in vascular dysfunction. Hypoxia also plays an essential role in disease progression with promotion of neovascularization and vascular dystrophies with vitreous hemorrhages induction. Thus, the accumulation of fluids and protein exudates in ocular cavities leads to an opacity augmentation of the cornea that associated to neurodegeneration results in vision loss, being this a devastating characteristic of the disease final stage. During disease progression, inflammatory molecules are produced and angiogenesis occur. Furthermore, VEGF is overexpressed by the maintained hyperglycemic environment and up-regulated by tissue hypoxia. Also pro-inflammatory mediators regulated by cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and growth factors leads to the progression of these processes, culminating in vasopermeability (diabetes macular edema) and/or pathological angiogenesis (proliferative diabetic retinopathy). It was found a mutual contribution between inflammation and angiogenesis along the process. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2443-2453, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Capitão
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal. .,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Portugal.
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165
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Xie C, Gao X, Luo Y, Pang Y, Li M. Electroacupuncture modulates stromal cell-derived factor-1α expression and mobilization of bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model rats. Brain Res 2016; 1648:119-126. [PMID: 27453543 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α) plays a crucial role in regulating the mobilization, migration and homing of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs). Electroacupuncture(EA), a modern version of Traditional Chinese Medicine, can improve neurological recovery and angiogenesis in cerebral ischemic area. This study aimed to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) on the mobilization and migration of bone marrow EPCs and neurological functional recovery in rats model after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and the potentially involved mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats received filament occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 2h followed by reperfusion for 12h, 1d, 2d, 3d, 7d respectively. Rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group and EA group. After 2h of the reperfusion, EA was given at the "Baihui" (GV 20)/Siguan ("Hegu" (LI 4)/"Taichong" (LR 3)) acupoints in the EA group. Modified neurological severity score (mNSS) was used to assess the neurological functional recovery. EPCs number and SDF-1α level in bone marrow(BM) and peripheral blood(PB) were detected by using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) respectively. An mNSS test showed that EA treatment significantly improved the neurological functional outcome. EPCs number in PB and BM were obviously increased in the EA group. After cerebral ischemia, the SDF-1α level was decreased in BM while it was increased in PB, which implied a gradient of SDF-1α among BM and PB after ischemia. It suggested that the forming of SDF-1α concentration gradient can induce the mobilization and homing of EPCs. Eletroacupuncture as a treatment can accelerate and increase the forming of SDF-1α concentration gradient to further induce the mobilization of EPCs and angiogenesis in ischemic brain and improve the neurological function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Xie
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610018, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The Eleventh People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610018, China.
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yueshan Pang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Man Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing 400016, China.
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166
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Aman J, Weijers EM, van Nieuw Amerongen GP, Malik AB, van Hinsbergh VWM. Using cultured endothelial cells to study endothelial barrier dysfunction: Challenges and opportunities. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L453-66. [PMID: 27343194 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00393.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in the understanding of endothelial barrier regulation and the identification of approaches that have the potential to improve endothelial barrier function, no drug- or stem cell-based therapy is presently available to reverse the widespread vascular leak that is observed in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis. The translational gap suggests a need to develop experimental approaches and tools that better mimic the complex environment of the microcirculation in which the vascular leak develops. Recent studies have identified several elements of this microenvironment. Among these are composition and stiffness of the extracellular matrix, fluid shear stress, interaction of endothelial cells (ECs) with pericytes, oxygen tension, and the combination of toxic and mechanic injurious stimuli. Development of novel cell culture techniques that integrate these elements would allow in-depth analysis of EC biology that closely approaches the (patho)physiological conditions in situ. In parallel, techniques to isolate organ-specific ECs, to define EC heterogeneity in its full complexity, and to culture patient-derived ECs from inducible pluripotent stem cells or endothelial progenitor cells are likely to advance the understanding of ARDS and lead to development of therapeutics. This review 1) summarizes the advantages and pitfalls of EC cultures to study vascular leak in ARDS, 2) provides an overview of elements of the microvascular environment that can directly affect endothelial barrier function, and 3) discusses alternative methods to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical application with the intent of improving the translational value of present EC culture approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurjan Aman
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Ester M Weijers
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geerten P van Nieuw Amerongen
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Victor W M van Hinsbergh
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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167
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Ebert LM, Tan LY, Johan MZ, Min KKM, Cockshell MP, Parham KA, Betterman KL, Szeto P, Boyle S, Silva L, Peng A, Zhang Y, Ruszkiewicz A, Zannettino ACW, Gronthos S, Koblar S, Harvey NL, Lopez AF, Shackleton M, Bonder CS. A non-canonical role for desmoglein-2 in endothelial cells: implications for neoangiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:463-86. [PMID: 27338829 PMCID: PMC5026727 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Desmogleins (DSG) are a family of cadherin adhesion proteins that were first identified in desmosomes and provide cardiomyocytes and epithelial cells with the junctional stability to tolerate mechanical stress. However, one member of this family, DSG2, is emerging as a protein with additional biological functions on a broader range of cells. Here we reveal that DSG2 is expressed by non-desmosome-forming human endothelial progenitor cells as well as their mature counterparts [endothelial cells (ECs)] in human tissue from healthy individuals and cancer patients. Analysis of normal blood and bone marrow showed that DSG2 is also expressed by CD34+CD45dim hematopoietic progenitor cells. An inability to detect other desmosomal components, i.e., DSG1, DSG3 and desmocollin (DSC)2/3, on these cells supports a solitary role for DSG2 outside of desmosomes. Functionally, we show that CD34+CD45dimDSG2+ progenitor cells are multi-potent and pro-angiogenic in vitro. Using a ‘knockout-first’ approach, we generated a Dsg2 loss-of-function strain of mice (Dsg2lo/lo) and observed that, in response to reduced levels of Dsg2: (i) CD31+ ECs in the pancreas are hypertrophic and exhibit altered morphology, (ii) bone marrow-derived endothelial colony formation is impaired, (iii) ex vivo vascular sprouting from aortic rings is reduced, and (iv) vessel formation in vitro and in vivo is attenuated. Finally, knockdown of DSG2 in a human bone marrow EC line reveals a reduction in an in vitro angiogenesis assay as well as relocalisation of actin and VE-cadherin away from the cell junctions, reduced cell–cell adhesion and increased invasive properties by these cells. In summary, we have identified DSG2 expression in distinct progenitor cell subpopulations and show that, independent from its classical function as a component of desmosomes, this cadherin also plays a critical role in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Ebert
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Lih Y Tan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - M Zahied Johan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Kay Khine Myo Min
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Michaelia P Cockshell
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Kate A Parham
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Kelly L Betterman
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Paceman Szeto
- Cancer Development and Treatment Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha Boyle
- Cancer Development and Treatment Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lokugan Silva
- Cancer Development and Treatment Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Angela Peng
- Cancer Development and Treatment Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - YouFang Zhang
- Cancer Development and Treatment Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Ruszkiewicz
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Simon Koblar
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Natasha L Harvey
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark Shackleton
- Cancer Development and Treatment Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, PO Box 14, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia. .,Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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168
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Rigato M, Avogaro A, Fadini GP. Levels of Circulating Progenitor Cells, Cardiovascular Outcomes and Death. Circ Res 2016; 118:1930-9. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.308366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rationale:
Circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), including endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are biologically related to many aspects of cardiovascular disease, as they promote angiogenesis and vascular repair.
Objective:
We herein aimed to meta-analyze studies reporting the prognostic role of the CPC/EPC measure on cardiovascular outcomes and death.
Methods and Results:
We screened the English-language literature for longitudinal studies reporting the association between baseline CPC/EPC levels, future cardiovascular events, and death. We retrieved 28 studies, 21 of which contained poolable data and entered the meta-analysis, for a total of 4155 patients, mostly with a high baseline cardiovascular risk. Sixty percent of the studies met at least 11 of 16 items of quality assessment. Overall, reduced CPC/EPC levels were associated with a ≈2-fold increased risk of future cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death. The most predictive phenotype was CD34
+
CD133
+
: low versus high levels predicted cardiovascular events, restenosis after endovascular intervention, cardiovascular death, and all-cause mortality. Heterogeneity among studies and according to the CPC/EPC phenotype was generally high. Excluding studies for which the risk estimate had to be extrapolated or limiting the analyses to higher quality studies still indicated a significant risk for future cardiovascular events and death in patients with low versus high progenitor cell counts.
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis shows that a reduction in the levels of circulating cells putatively provided with vasculoregenerative properties represents a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Rigato
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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169
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Gil CH, Ki BS, Seo J, Choi JJ, Kim H, Kim IG, Jung AR, Lee WY, Choi Y, Park K, Moon SH, Chung HM. Directing human embryonic stem cells towards functional endothelial cells easily and without purification. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:274-283. [PMID: 30603409 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-9076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemangioblasts or blood islands only arise in early development thereby the sources to obtain these bi-potential cells are limited. While previous studies have isolated both lineages in vitro through the hemangioblast, derivation efficiency was rather low due to cellular damage attributed by enzyme usage and fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS). This study focused on avoiding the use of damaging factors in the derivation of endothelial cells (ECs). Single cell H9-human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were obtained by using a mild dissociation protocol then human embryoid body (hEB) formation was performed under hemangioblast differentiation conditions. The hEBs were subjected to a two-stage cytokine treatment procedure. Subsequent culture of the adhesive cells in day 4 hEBs gave arise to a seemingly pure population of ECs. The hESC-derived ECs were characterized by identifying signature endothelial gene and protein markers as well as testing for in vitro functionality. Furthermore, in vivo functionality was also confirmed by transplanting the cells in hindlimb ischemic murine models. We demonstrate that the genetic change required for EC derivation precedes blast colony formation. Furthermore, cell damage was prevented by abating enzyme usage and FACS, resulting in a high yield of ECs upon adhesion. Under this method, confluent cultures of ECs were obtainable 4 days after hEB formation which is significantly faster than previous protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hyun Gil
- 1Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030 Korea
| | - Byeong-Seong Ki
- 2Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Joseph Seo
- 1Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030 Korea
| | - Jong-Jin Choi
- 1Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030 Korea
| | - Hana Kim
- 1Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030 Korea
| | - In-Gul Kim
- 3Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - A-Ra Jung
- 4Department of Food Bioscience, Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Won-Young Lee
- 4Department of Food Bioscience, Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Youngsok Choi
- 2Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kwideok Park
- 3Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- 1Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030 Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- 1Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030 Korea
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170
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171
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Choi YH, Jang IH, Heo SC, Kim JH, Hwang NS. Biomedical therapy using synthetic WKYMVm hexapeptide. Organogenesis 2016; 12:53-60. [PMID: 27077939 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2016.1172155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
WKYMVm hexapeptide has been identified as a strong FPR2 agonist through a library screening of synthetic peptides. The FPR2 has been reported to play a crucial role in inflammation and angiogenic responses via stimulation of chemotaxis, migration, cell proliferation, wound healing and vessel growth. Recently, the therapeutic effects of WKYMVm have been reported in various disease models. In cutaneous wound model in diabetic mice, WKYMVm facilitated wound healing processes by stimulating the formation of capillary and arteriole and re-epithelialization. In coronary artery stenosis model, WKYMVm coating on stent promoted re-endothelialization and lowered restenosis rate. In hindlimb ischemia mouse model, intramuscular injection of WKYMVm promoted homing of exogenously transplanted endothelial colony-forming cells and neovascularization, resulting in salvaging hindlimb. Furthermore, a single injection of WKYMVm encapsulated in poly (lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres was demonstrated to be as efficient as multiple injections of WKYMVm in restoring blood flow in hindlimb ischemia model. These observations may open up promising biomedical applications of WKYMVm for tissue repairs and regenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Choi
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- b Department of Physiology , School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital , Yangsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Chul Heo
- b Department of Physiology , School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital , Yangsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- b Department of Physiology , School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital , Yangsan , Republic of Korea.,c Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology , Yangsan , Gyeongsangnam-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,d N-Bio Institute , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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172
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Naito H, Wakabayashi T, Kidoya H, Muramatsu F, Takara K, Eino D, Yamane K, Iba T, Takakura N. Endothelial Side Population Cells Contribute to Tumor Angiogenesis and Antiangiogenic Drug Resistance. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3200-10. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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173
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Takizawa S, Nagata E, Nakayama T, Masuda H, Asahara T. Recent Progress in Endothelial Progenitor Cell Culture Systems: Potential for Stroke Therapy. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2016; 56:302-9. [PMID: 27041632 PMCID: PMC4908073 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2016-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) participate in endothelial repair and angiogenesis due to their abilities to differentiate into endothelial cells and to secrete protective cytokines and growth factors. Consequently, there is considerable interest in cell therapy with EPCs isolated from peripheral blood to treat various ischemic injuries. Quality and quantity-controlled culture systems to obtain mononuclear cells enriched in EPCs with well-defined angiogenic and anti-inflammatory phenotypes have recently been developed, and increasing evidence from animal models and clinical trials supports the idea that transplantation of EPCs contributes to the regenerative process in ischemic organs and is effective for the therapy of ischemic cerebral injury. Here, we briefly describe the general characteristics of EPCs, and we review recent developments in culture systems and applications of EPCs and EPC-enriched cell populations to treat ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Takizawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine
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174
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Obtulowicz P, Lech W, Strojek L, Sarnowska A, Domanska-Janik K. Induction of Endothelial Phenotype from Wharton's Jelly-Derived MSCs and Comparison of Their Vasoprotective and Neuroprotective Potential with Primary WJ-MSCs in CA1 Hippocampal Region Ex Vivo. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:715-27. [DOI: 10.3727/096368915x690369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke results in violent impairment of tissue homeostasis leading to severe perturbation within the neurovascular unit (NVU) during the recovery period. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) originating from Wharton's jelly (WJ) to differentiate into functionally competent cells of endothelial lineage (WJ-EPCs). The protective effect(s) of either primary WJ-MSCs or induced WJ-EPCs was investigated and compared after oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) of hippocampal organotypic slices (OHC) in the indirect coculture model. WJ-MSCs, primed in EGM-2 (Lonza commercial medium) under 5% O2, acquired cobblestone endothelial-like morphology, formed capillary-like structures and actively took up DiI-Ac-LDL. Both cell types (WJ-MSCs and WJ-EPCs) were positive for CD73, CD90, CD105, VEGFR-2, and VEGF, but only endothelial-like culture expressed vWF and PECAM-1 markers at significant levels. In the presence of either WJ-MSCs or WJ-EPCs in the compartment below OGD-injured slices, cell death and vascular atrophy in the hypoxia-sensitive CA1 region were substantially decreased. This suggests that a paracrine mechanism may mediate WJ-MSC- and WJ-EPC-dependent protection. Thus, finally, we estimated secretion of the neuro/angio/immunomodulatory molecules IL-6, TGF-β1, and VEGF by these cell cultures. We have found that release of TGF-β1 and IL-6 was TLR ligand [LPS and Poly(I:C)] concentration dependent and stronger in WJ-EPC than WJ-MSC cultures. Simultaneously, the uneven pattern of TLR receptors and modulatory cytokine gene expression was confirmed also on qRT-PCR level, but no significant differences were noticed between WJ-EPC and primary WJ-MSC cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Obtulowicz
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Lech
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Strojek
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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175
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Chong MSK, Ng WK, Chan JKY. Concise Review: Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Regenerative Medicine: Applications and Challenges. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:530-8. [PMID: 26956207 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are currently being studied as candidate cell sources for revascularization strategies. Significant advances have been made in understanding the biology of EPCs, and preclinical studies have demonstrated the vasculogenic, angiogenic, and beneficial paracrine effects of transplanted EPCs in the treatment of ischemic diseases. Despite these promising results, widespread clinical acceptance of EPCs for clinical therapies remains hampered by several challenges. The present study provides a concise summary of the different EPC populations being studied for ischemic therapies and their known roles in the healing of ischemic tissues. The challenges and issues surrounding the use of EPCs and the current strategies being developed to improve the harvest efficiency and functionality of EPCs for application in regenerative medicine are discussed. SIGNIFICANCE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have immense clinical value for cardiovascular therapies. The present study provides a concise description of the EPC subpopulations being evaluated for clinical applications. The current major lines of investigation involving preclinical and clinical evaluations of EPCs are discussed, and significant gaps limiting the translation of EPCs are highlighted. The present report could be useful for clinicians and clinical researchers with interests in ischemic therapy and for basic scientists working in the related fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Seow Khoon Chong
- School of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Wei Kai Ng
- School of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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176
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Altabas V, Altabas K, Kirigin L. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in ageing and age-related diseases: How currently available treatment modalities affect EPC biology, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular outcomes. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 159:49-62. [PMID: 26919825 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are mononuclear cells that circulate in the blood and are derived from different tissues, expressing cell surface markers that are similar to mature endothelial cells. The discovery of EPCs has lead to new insights in vascular repair and atherosclerosis and also a new theory for ageing. EPCs from the bone marrow and some other organs aid in vascular repair by migrating to distant vessels where they differentiate into mature endothelial cells and replace old and injured endothelial cells. The ability of EPCs to repair vascular damage depends on their number and functionality. Currently marketed drugs used in a variety of diseases can modulate these characteristics. In this review, the effect of currently available treatment options for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders on EPC biology will be discussed. The various EPC-based therapies that will be discussed include lipid-lowering agents, antihypertensive agents, antidiabetic drugs, phosphodiesteraze inhibitors, hormones, as well as EPC capturing stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velimir Altabas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital "Sestre milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Karmela Altabas
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital "Sestre milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Lora Kirigin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinical Hospital "Sestre milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia.
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177
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Banyard DA, Adnani BO, Melkumyan S, Araniego CA, Widgerow AD. Endothelial progenitor cells and burn injury - exploring the relationship. BURNS & TRAUMA 2016; 4:4. [PMID: 27574674 PMCID: PMC4964096 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-016-0028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Burn wounds result in varying degrees of soft tissue damage that are typically graded clinically. Recently a key participant in neovascularization, the endothelial progenitor cell, has been the subject of intense cardiovascular research to explore whether it can serve as a biomarker for vascular injury. In this review, we examine the identity of the endothelial progenitor cell as well as the evidence that support its role as a key responder after burn insult. While there is conflicting evidence with regards to the delta of endothelial progenitor cell mobilization and burn severity, it is clear that they play an important role in wound healing. Systematic and controlled studies are needed to clarify this relationship, and whether this population can serve as a biomarker for burn severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A Banyard
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 200S Manchester Ave, Ste 650, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Blake O Adnani
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 200S Manchester Ave, Ste 650, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Satenik Melkumyan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 200S Manchester Ave, Ste 650, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Cheryl Ann Araniego
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 200S Manchester Ave, Ste 650, Orange, CA 92868 USA
| | - Alan D Widgerow
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Center for Tissue Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 200S Manchester Ave, Ste 650, Orange, CA 92868 USA
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178
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Jeong HS, Kim S, Hong SJ, Choi SC, Choi JH, Kim JH, Park CY, Cho JY, Lee TB, Kwon JW, Joo HJ, Park JH, Yu CW, Lim DS. Black Raspberry Extract Increased Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Improved Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Food 2016; 19:346-52. [PMID: 26891216 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) is known to improve vascular endothelial function in patients at a high risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease. We investigated short-term effects of black raspberry on circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and arterial stiffness in patients with metabolic syndrome. Patients with metabolic syndrome (n = 51) were prospectively randomized into the black raspberry group (n = 26, 750 mg/day) and placebo group (n = 25) during the 12-week follow-up. Central blood pressure, augmentation index, and EPCs, such as CD34/KDR(+), CD34/CD117(+), and CD34/CD133(+), were measured at baseline and at 12-week follow-up. Radial augmentation indexes were significantly decreased in the black raspberry group compared to the placebo group (-5% ± 10% vs. 3% ± 14%, P < .05). CD34/CD133(+) cells at 12-week follow-up were significantly higher in the black raspberry group compared to the placebo group (19 ± 109/μL vs. -28 ± 57/μL, P < .05). Decreases from the baseline in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were significantly greater in the black raspberry group compared to the placebo group (-0.5 ± 1.4 pg/mL vs. -0.1 ± 1.1 pg/mL, P < .05 and -5.4 ± 4.5 pg/mL vs. -0.8 ± 4.0 pg/mL, P < .05, respectively). Increases from the baseline in adiponectin levels (2.9 ± 2.1 μg/mL vs. -0.2 ± 2.5 μg/mL, P < .05) were significant in the black raspberry group. The use of black raspberry significantly lowered the augmentation index and increased circulating EPCs, thereby improving CV risks in patients with metabolic syndrome during the 12-week follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Saem Jeong
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohyeon Kim
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Jun Hong
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Choi
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Choi
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi-Yeon Park
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Young Cho
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Bum Lee
- 2 Gochang Black Raspberry Research Institute , Gochang, Korea
| | - Ji-Wung Kwon
- 2 Gochang Black Raspberry Research Institute , Gochang, Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Joo
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyoung Park
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Woong Yu
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Sun Lim
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul, Korea
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179
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Eman RM, Meijer HA, Öner FC, Dhert WJ, Alblas J. Establishment of an Early Vascular Network Promotes the Formation of Ectopic Bone. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:253-62. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rhandy M. Eman
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henriette A.W. Meijer
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F. Cumhur Öner
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter J.A. Dhert
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Alblas
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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180
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Diagnosis and Prognosis in Cardiovascular Disease. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:8043792. [PMID: 26839569 PMCID: PMC4709789 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8043792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To identify, evaluate, and synthesize evidence on the predictive power of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in cardiovascular disease, through a systematic review of quantitative studies. Data Sources. MEDLINE was searched using keywords related to "endothelial progenitor cells" and "endothelium" and, for the different categories, respectively, "smoking"; "blood pressure"; "diabetes mellitus" or "insulin resistance"; "dyslipidemia"; "aging" or "elderly"; "angina pectoris" or "myocardial infarction"; "stroke" or "cerebrovascular disease"; "homocysteine"; "C-reactive protein"; "vitamin D". Study Selection. Database hits were evaluated against explicit inclusion criteria. From 927 database hits, 43 quantitative studies were included. Data Syntheses. EPC count has been suggested for cardiovascular risk estimation in the clinical practice, since it is currently accepted that EPCs can work as proangiogenic support cells, maintaining their importance as regenerative/reparative potential, and also as prognostic markers. Conclusions. EPCs showed an important role in identifying cardiovascular risk conditions, and to suggest their evaluation as predictor of outcomes appears to be reasonable in different defined clinical settings. Due to their capability of proliferation, circulation, and the development of functional progeny, great interest has been directed to therapeutic use of progenitor cells in atherosclerotic diseases. This trial is registered with registration number: Prospero CRD42015023717.
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181
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Hou L, Kim JJ, Woo YJ, Huang NF. Stem cell-based therapies to promote angiogenesis in ischemic cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 310:H455-65. [PMID: 26683902 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00726.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of tissue ischemia associated with myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease. Stem and progenitor cells derived from bone marrow or from pluripotent stem cells have shown therapeutic benefit in boosting angiogenesis as well as restoring tissue function. Notably, adult stem and progenitor cells including mononuclear cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and mesenchymal stem cells have progressed into clinical trials and have shown positive benefits. In this review, we overview the major classes of stem and progenitor cells, including pluripotent stem cells, and summarize the state of the art in applying these cell types for treating myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqia Hou
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Joseph J Kim
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and
| | - Y Joseph Woo
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Ngan F Huang
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California; and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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182
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Pang JH, Farhatnia Y, Godarzi F, Tan A, Rajadas J, Cousins BG, Seifalian AM. In situ Endothelialization: Bioengineering Considerations to Translation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:6248-64. [PMID: 26460851 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Improving patency rates of current cardiovascular implants remains a major challenge. It is widely accepted that regeneration of a healthy endothelium layer on biomaterials could yield the perfect blood-contacting surface. Earlier efforts in pre-seeding endothelial cells in vitro demonstrated success in enhancing patency, but translation to the clinic is largely hampered due to its impracticality. In situ endothelialization, which aims to create biomaterial surfaces capable of self-endothelializing upon implantation, appears to be an extremely promising solution, particularly with the utilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Nevertheless, controlling cell behavior in situ using immobilized biomolecules or physical patterning can be complex, thus warranting careful consideration. This review aims to provide valuable insight into the rationale and recent developments in biomaterial strategies to enhance in situ endothelialization. In particular, a discussion on the important bio-/nanoengineering considerations and lessons learnt from clinical trials are presented to aid the future translation of this exciting paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hon Pang
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Yasmin Farhatnia
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Fatemeh Godarzi
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Aaron Tan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
- UCL Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
- Biomaterials & Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Biomaterials & Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brian G Cousins
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, UK
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
- NanoRegMed Ltd, London, UK
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183
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Ahmadian E, Jafari S, Yari Khosroushahi A. Role of angiotensin II in stem cell therapy of cardiac disease. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2015; 16:702-11. [PMID: 26670032 DOI: 10.1177/1470320315621225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is closely related to the cardiovascular system, body fluid regulation and homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Despite common therapeutic methods, stem cell/progenitor cell therapy is daily increasing as a term of regenerative medicine. RAS and its pharmacological inhibitors are not only involved in physiological and pathological aspects of the cardiovascular system, but also affect the different stages of stem cell proliferation, differentiation and function, via interfering cell signaling pathways. RESULTS This study reviews the new role of RAS, in particular Ang II distinct from other common roles, by considering its regulating impact on the different signaling pathways involved in the cardiac and endothelial tissue, as well as in stem cell transplantation. CONCLUSIONS This review focuses on the impact of stem cell therapy on the cardiovascular system, the role of RAS in stem cell differentiation, and the role of RAS inhibition in cardiac stem cell growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ahmadian
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Department of Pharmacognosy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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184
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Mata MF, Lopes JP, Ishikawa M, Alaiti MA, Cabral JM, da Silva CL, Costa MA. Scaling up the ex vivo expansion of human circulating CD34+progenitor cells with upregulation of angiogenic and anti-inflammatory potential. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:1777-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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185
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Adibi A, Sen A, Mitha AP. Cell Therapy for Intracranial Aneurysms: A Review. World Neurosurg 2015; 86:390-8. [PMID: 26547001 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
One in five patients undergoing endovascular coiling (the current standard of care for treating intracranial aneurysms) experience a recurrence of the aneurysm as a result of improper healing. Recurrence remains the only major drawback of the coiling treatment and has been the focus of many studies over the last two decades. Cell therapy, a novel treatment modality in which therapeutic cells are introduced to the site of the injury to promote tissue regeneration, has opened up new possibilities for treating aneurysms. The healing response that ensues aneurysm embolization includes several cellular processes that can be targeted with cell therapy to prevent the aneurysm from recurring. Ten preclinical studies involving cell therapy to treat aneurysms were published between 1999 and 2014. In this review, we summarize the results of these studies and discuss advances, shortcomings, and the future of cell therapy for intracranial aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Adibi
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility (PPRF), Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arindom Sen
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility (PPRF), Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alim P Mitha
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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186
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Moccia F, Guerra G. Ca2+Signalling in Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Friend or Foe? J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:314-27. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology; Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”; University of Molise; Campobasso Italy
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187
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Hong Y, Eleftheriou D, Klein NJ, Brogan PA. Impaired function of endothelial progenitor cells in children with primary systemic vasculitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:292. [PMID: 26475131 PMCID: PMC4609146 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previously, we demonstrated that children with active systemic vasculitis (SV) have higher circulating CD34 + CD133 + KDR+ endothelial progenitor cells (EPC); the function of these EPCs, and their relationship with disease activity in vasculitis remains largely unexplored. We hypothesized that although EPC numbers are higher, EPC function is impaired in active SV of the young. The aims of this study were therefore to: 1. investigate the relationship between disease activity and EPC function in children with SV; and 2. study the influence of systemic inflammation on EPC function by investigating the effects of hyperthermia and TNF-α on EPC function. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study of unselected children with SV with different levels of disease activity attending a single center (Great Ormond Street Hospital, London) between October 2008 and December 2014. EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood of children with SV, and healthy child controls. EPC function was assessed by their potential to form colonies (EPC-CFU), and ability to form clusters and incorporate into human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) vascular structures in matrigel. The effects of hyperthermia and TNF-α on EPC function were also studied. RESULTS Twenty children, median age 12-years (5-16.5; nine males) were studied. EPC-CFU and the number of EPC clusters formed on matrigel were significantly reduced in children with active vasculitis compared with healthy controls (p = 0.02 for EPC-CFU; p = 0.01 for EPC cluster formation). Those with active vasculitis had lower EPC-CFU and EPC cluster formation than those with inactive disease, although non-significantly so. In addition, EPC incorporation into matrigel HUVEC networks was lower in children with SV compared with healthy children, irrespective of disease activity. Ex-vivo pre-treatment of EPC with hyperthermia impaired EPC function; TNF-α down-regulated EPC expression of CD18/CD11b and resulted in decreased incorporation into HUVEC networks. CONCLUSIONS Whilst our previous work showed that circulating CD34 + EPC numbers are well preserved, this study revealed that EPC function is significantly impaired in children with vasculitis. It is possible that the chronic inflammatory milieu associated with vasculitis may impair EPC function, and thus contribute to an unfavourable balance between endothelial injury and repair. The mechanism of this remains to be established, however.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hong
- Infection, Immunity, Immunology and Physiological Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Despina Eleftheriou
- Infection, Immunity, Immunology and Physiological Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Nigel J Klein
- Infection, Immunity, Immunology and Physiological Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
| | - Paul A Brogan
- Infection, Immunity, Immunology and Physiological Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
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188
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Kramerov AA, Ljubimov AV. Stem cell therapies in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and keratopathy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 241:559-68. [PMID: 26454200 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215609692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by multiple degenerative changes that could be potentially corrected by stem cell therapies. Most studies so far have attempted to alleviate typical abnormalities of early retinopathy, including vascular hyperpermeability, capillary closure and pericyte dropout. Success was reported with adult stem cells (vascular progenitors or adipose stem cells), as well as induced pluripotent stem cells from cord blood. The cells were able to associate with damaged vessels in both pericyte and endothelial lining positions in models of DR and ischemia-reperfusion. In some diabetic models, functional amelioration of vasculature and electroretinograms was noted. Another approach for endogenous progenitor cell therapy is to normalize dysfunctional diabetic bone marrow and residing endothelial progenitors using NO donors, PPAR-δ and -γ agonists, or inhibition of TGF-β. A potentially important strategy would be to reduce neuropathy by stem cell inoculations, either naïve (e.g., paracrine-acting adipose stem cells) or secreting specific neuroprotectants, such as ciliary neurotrophic factor or brain-derived neurotrophic factor that showed benefit in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Recent advances in stem cell therapies for diabetic retinal microangiopathy may form the basis of first clinical trials in the near future. Additionally, stem cell therapies may prove beneficial for diabetic corneal disease (diabetic keratopathy) with pronounced epithelial stem cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A Kramerov
- Eye Program, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
| | - Alexander V Ljubimov
- Eye Program, Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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189
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Joo HJ, Song S, Seo HR, Shin JH, Choi SC, Park JH, Yu CW, Hong SJ, Lim DS. Human endothelial colony forming cells from adult peripheral blood have enhanced sprouting angiogenic potential through up-regulating VEGFR2 signaling. Int J Cardiol 2015; 197:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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190
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Amato B, Compagna R, Amato M, Butrico L, Fugetto F, Chibireva MD, Barbetta A, Cannistrà M, de Franciscis S, Serra R. The role of adult tissue-derived stem cells in chronic leg ulcers: a systematic review focused on tissue regeneration medicine. Int Wound J 2015; 13:1289-1298. [PMID: 26399452 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an articulated process that can be impaired in different steps in chronic wounds. Chronic leg ulcers are a special type of non-healing wounds that represent an important cause of morbidity and public cost in western countries. Because of their common recurrence after conventional managements and increasing prevalence due to an ageing population, newer approaches are needed. Over the last decade, the research has been focused on innovative treatment strategies, including stem-cell-based therapies. After the initial interest in embryonic pluripotent cells, several different types of adult stem cells have been studied because of ethical issues. Specific types of adult stem cells have shown a high potentiality in tissue healing, in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Aim of this review is to clearly report the newest insights on tissue regeneration medicine, with particular regard for chronic leg ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Amato
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL). International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Compagna
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL). International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Amato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Butrico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Fugetto
- School of Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mariia D Chibireva
- School of Medicine, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Tatarstan Republic, Russian Federation
| | - Andrea Barbetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Cannistrà
- Department of Surgery, Annunziata Hospital of Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Stefano de Franciscis
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL). International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL). International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Headquarters, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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191
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Determination of Early and Late Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Peripheral Circulation and Their Clinical Association with Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Vasc Med 2015; 2015:674213. [PMID: 26451256 PMCID: PMC4588339 DOI: 10.1155/2015/674213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical implications of early and late endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in coronary artery disease (CAD) remain unclear. We investigated endothelial dysfunction in CAD by simultaneously examining early and late EPC colony formation and gene expression of specific surface markers in EPCs. EPCs were extracted from a total of 83 subjects with (n = 47) and without (n = 36) CAD. Early and late EPC colonies were formed from mononuclear cells extracted from peripheral blood. We found that fewer early EPC colonies were produced in the CAD group (7.2 ± 3.l/well) than those in the control group (12.4 ± 1.4/well, p < 0.05), and more late EPC colonies were produced in the CAD group (0.8 ± 0.2/well) than those in the control group (0.25 ± 0.02/well, p < 0.05). In the CAD group, the relative expression of CD31 and KDR of early and late EPCs was lower than in the control group. These results demonstrate that CAD patients could have increased late EPC density and that early and late EPCs in CAD patients exhibited immature endothelial characteristics. We suggest that changes in EPC colony count and gene expression of endothelial markers may have relation with development of CAD.
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192
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Expression and Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 in Dog Peripheral Blood Endothelial Progenitor Cells In Vitro. Int J Pept Res Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-014-9453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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193
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Li WD, Du XL, Qian AM, Hu N, Kong LS, Wei S, Li CL, Li XQ. Metformin regulates differentiation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells via multiple mechanisms. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 465:803-9. [PMID: 26319555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of metformin on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) differentiation and the possible mechanisms. METHODS EPCs were treated with metformin and differentiation, migration and tube formation of EPCs were evaluated. Moreover, we also assessed the AMPK-mTOR-p70S6K pathway, AMPK related autophagy pathway and eNOS-NO pathway to explore the mechanisms. RESULTS Metformin treatment could significantly increase differentiation of EPCs. On the mechanisms, increased level of AMPKand eNOS phosphorylation, LC3 expression and NO production, and decreased mTOR, p70 S6K as well as TGF-β expression were found in EPCs. The AMPK inhibitor compound C, Atg5 knocking-down and eNOS inhibitor l-NAME could reverse the effect exerted by metformin. CONCLUSIONS Our results here showed that metformin could regulate the differentiation of EPCs. Autophagy related pathway and AMPK-eNOS-NO pathway were involved in the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Long Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ai-Min Qian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling-Shang Kong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sen Wei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Long Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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194
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Romero G, Lilly JJ, Abraham NS, Shin HY, Balasubramaniam V, Izumi T, Berron BJ. Protective Polymer Coatings for High-Throughput, High-Purity Cellular Isolation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:17598-602. [PMID: 26244409 PMCID: PMC4544319 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies are emerging as the next frontier of medicine, offering a plausible path forward in the treatment of many devastating diseases. Critically, current methods for antigen positive cell sorting lack a high throughput method for delivering ultrahigh purity populations, prohibiting the application of some cell-based therapies to widespread diseases. Here we show the first use of targeted, protective polymer coatings on cells for the high speed enrichment of cells. Individual, antigen-positive cells are coated with a biocompatible hydrogel which protects the cells from a surfactant solution, while uncoated cells are immediately lysed. After lysis, the polymer coating is removed through orthogonal photochemistry, and the isolate has >50% yield of viable cells and these cells proliferate at rates comparable to control cells. Minority cell populations are enriched from erythrocyte-depleted blood to >99% purity, whereas the entire batch process requires 1 h and <$2000 in equipment. Batch scale-up is only contingent on irradiation area for the coating photopolymerization, as surfactant-based lysis can be easily achieved on any scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Romero
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Jacob J. Lilly
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Nathan S. Abraham
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hainsworth Y. Shin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Vivek Balasubramaniam
- Department
of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, United States
| | - Tadahide Izumi
- Graduate
Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Brad J. Berron
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
- E-mail:
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195
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Boppart MD, De Lisio M, Witkowski S. Exercise and Stem Cells. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 135:423-56. [PMID: 26477925 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are traditionally studied in the context of embryonic development, yet studies confirm that a fraction remains in the adult organism for the purpose of daily remodeling and rejuvenation of multiple tissues following injury. Adult stem cells (ASCs) are found in close proximity to vessels and respond to tissue-specific cues in the microenvironment that dictate their fate and function. Exercise can dramatically alter strain sensing, extracellular matrix composition, and inflammation, and such changes in the niche likely alter ASC quantity and function postexercise. The field of stem cell biology is still in its infancy and identification and terminology of ASCs continues to evolve; thus, current information regarding exercise and stem cells is lacking. This chapter summarizes the literature that reports on the ASC response to acute exercise and exercise training, with particular emphasis on hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marni D Boppart
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
| | - Michael De Lisio
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Witkowski
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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196
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Kim J, Kim M, Jeong Y, Lee WB, Park H, Kwon JY, Kim YM, Hwang D, Kwon YG. BMP9 Induces Cord Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cell Differentiation and Ischemic Neovascularization via ALK1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2020-31. [PMID: 26229139 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Modulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is essential for therapeutic angiogenesis, and thus various clinical trials involving EPCs are ongoing. However, the identification of environmental conditions and development of optimal methods are required to accelerate EPC-driven vasculogenesis. APPROACH AND RESULTS We evaluated gene expression profiles of cord blood-derived EPCs and endothelial cells to identify the key factors in EPC→endothelial cell differentiation and to show that transforming growth factor-β family members contribute to EPC differentiation. The expression levels of activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1) and its high-affinity ligand, bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) were markedly changed in EPC→endothelial cell differentiation. Interestingly, BMP9 induced EPC→endothelial cell differentiation and EPC incorporation into vessel-like structures by acting on ALK1 expressed on EPCs in vitro. BMP9 also induced neovascularization in mice with hindlimb ischemia by increasing vessel formation and the incorporation of EPCs into vessels. Conversely, neovascularization was impaired when ALK1 signaling was blocked. Furthermore, EPCs exposed to either short- or long-term BMP9 stimulation demonstrated these functions in EPC-mediated neovascularization. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results indicated that BMP9/ALK1 augmented vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, and thereby enhanced neovascularization. Thus, we suggest that BMP9/ALK1 may improve the efficacy of EPC-based therapies for treating ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Kim
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Minhyung Kim
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Yoonjeong Jeong
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Wook-Bin Lee
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Hyojin Park
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Ja-Young Kwon
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Daehee Hwang
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.)
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology (J.K., Y.J., W.-b.L., H.P., Y.-G.K.) and Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine (J.-Y.K.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; School of Interdisciplinary Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea (M.K., D.H.); Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea (M.K.); and Department of new Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Korea (D.H.).
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197
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Williams PA, Silva EA. The Role of Synthetic Extracellular Matrices in Endothelial Progenitor Cell Homing for Treatment of Vascular Disease. Ann Biomed Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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198
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Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a critical role in maintenance of the endothelial integrity and vascular homeostasis, as well as in neovascularization. Dysfunctional EPCs are believed to contribute to the endothelial dysfunction and are closely related to the development of various cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms of EPC dysfunction are complicated and remain largely elusive. Recent studies have demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key factors that involve in modulation of stem and progenitor cell function under various physiologic and pathologic conditions. It has been shown that NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived ROS are the major sources of ROS in cardiovascular system. Accumulating evidence suggests that NOX-mediated oxidative stress can modulate EPC bioactivities, such as mobilization, migration, and neovascularization, and that inhibition of NOX has been shown to improve EPC functions. This review summarized recent progress in the studies on the correlation between NOX-mediated EPC dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases.
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199
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Isolation of Foreign Material-Free Endothelial Progenitor Cells Using CD31 Aptamer and Therapeutic Application for Ischemic Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131785. [PMID: 26148001 PMCID: PMC4493074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can be isolated from human bone marrow or peripheral blood and reportedly contribute to neovascularization. Aptamers are 40-120-mer nucleotides that bind to a specific target molecule, as antibodies do. To utilize apatmers for isolation of EPCs, in the present study, we successfully generated aptamers that recognize human CD31, an endothelial cell marker. CD31 aptamers bound to human umbilical cord blood-derived EPCs and showed specific interaction with human CD31, but not with mouse CD31. However, CD31 aptamers showed non-specific interaction with CD31-negative 293FT cells and addition of polyanionic competitor dextran sulfate eliminated non-specific interaction without affecting cell viability. From the mixture of EPCs and 293FT cells, CD31 aptamers successfully isolated EPCs with 97.6% purity and 94.2% yield, comparable to those from antibody isolation. In addition, isolated EPCs were decoupled from CD31 aptamers with a brief treatment of high concentration dextran sulfate. EPCs isolated with CD31 aptamers and subsequently decoupled from CD31 aptamers were functional and enhanced the restoration of blood flow when transplanted into a murine hindlimb ischemia model. In this study, we demonstrated isolation of foreign material-free EPCs, which can be utilized as a universal protocol in preparation of cells for therapeutic transplantation.
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200
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Salvatore P, Zullo A, Sommese L, Colicchio R, Picascia A, Schiano C, Mancini FP, Napoli C. Infections and cardiovascular disease: is Bartonella henselae contributing to this matter? J Med Microbiol 2015; 64:799-809. [PMID: 26066633 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is still the major cause of death worldwide despite the remarkable progress in its prevention and treatment. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have recently emerged as key players of vascular repair and regenerative medicine applied to cardiovascular disease. A large amount of effort has been put into discovering the factors that could aid or impair the number and function of EPCs, and also into characterizing these cells at the molecular level in order to facilitate their therapeutic applications in vascular disease. Interestingly, the major cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with reduced number and function of EPCs. The bacterial contribution to cardiovascular disease represents a long-standing controversy. The discovery that Bartonella henselae can infect and damage EPCs revitalizes the enduring debate about the microbiological contribution to atherosclerosis, thus allowing the hypothesis that this infection could impair the cardiovascular regenerative potential and increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize the rationale suggesting that Bartonella henselae could favour atherogenesis by infecting and damaging EPCs, thus reducing their vascular repair potential. These mechanisms suggest a novel link between communicable and non-communicable human diseases, and put forward the possibility that Bartonella henselae could enhance the susceptibility and worsen the prognosis in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Salvatore
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Zullo
- CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy.,Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Linda Sommese
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology [SIMT], Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology [LIT], Azienda Universitaria Policlinico (AOU) and Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Colicchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Picascia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology [SIMT], Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology [LIT], Azienda Universitaria Policlinico (AOU) and Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Schiano
- Foundation SDN, Institute of Diagnostic and Nuclear Development, IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Napoli
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology [SIMT], Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology [LIT], Azienda Universitaria Policlinico (AOU) and Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Foundation SDN, Institute of Diagnostic and Nuclear Development, IRCCS, Naples, Italy
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