151
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Giamogante F, Poggio E, Barazzuol L, Covallero A, Calì T. Apoptotic signals at the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interface. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 126:307-343. [PMID: 34090618 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of cellular homeostasis involves the participation of multiple organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Specifically, ER plays a key role in calcium (Ca2+) storage, lipid synthesis, protein folding, and assembly, while mitochondria are the "energy factories" and provide energy to drive intracellular processes. Hence, alteration in ER or mitochondrial homeostasis has detrimental effects on cell survival, being linked to the triggering of apoptosis, a programmed form of cell death. Besides, ER stress conditions affect mitochondria functionality and vice-versa, as ER and mitochondria communicate via mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) to carry out a number of fundamental cellular functions. It is not surprising, thus, that also MAMs perturbations are involved in the regulation of apoptosis. This chapter intends to accurately discuss the involvement of MAMs in apoptosis, highlighting their crucial role in controlling this delicate cellular process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Poggio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Covallero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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152
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Advances in Nanomaterial-Mediated Photothermal Cancer Therapies: Toward Clinical Applications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030305. [PMID: 33809691 PMCID: PMC8002224 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted extensive research attention as a noninvasive and selective treatment strategy for numerous cancers. PTT functions via photothermal effects induced by converting light energy into heat on near-infrared laser irradiation. Despite the great advances in PTT for cancer treatment, the photothermal therapeutics using laser devise only or non-specific small molecule PTT agents has been limited because of its low photothermal conversion efficiency, concerns about the biosafety of the photothermal agents, their low tumor accumulation, and a heat resistance of specific types of cancer. Using nanomaterials as PTT agents themselves, or for delivery of PTT agents, offers improved therapeutic outcomes with fewer side effects through enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, accumulation of the PTT agent in the tumor tissue, and, by extension, through combination with other therapies. Herein, we review PTT’s current clinical progress and present the future outlooks for clinical applications. To better understand clinical PTT applications, we describe nanomaterial-mediated photothermal effects and their mechanism of action in the tumor microenvironment. This review also summarizes recent studies of PTT alone or in combination with other therapies. Overall, innovative and strategically designed PTT platforms are promising next-generation noninvasive cancer treatments to move closer toward clinical applications.
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153
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Mrkvová Z, Portešová M, Slaninová I. Loss of FADD and Caspases Affects the Response of T-Cell Leukemia Jurkat Cells to Anti-Cancer Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052702. [PMID: 33800107 PMCID: PMC7962194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) pathways play a crucial role in the response of cancer cells to treatment. Their dysregulation is one of the cancer hallmarks and one of the reasons of drug resistance. Here, we studied the significance of the individual members of PCD signaling pathways in response to treatment with common anti-cancer drugs using the T-cell leukemia Jurkat cells with single or double knockouts of necroptosis and/or apoptosis genes. We identified apoptosis as the primary cell death pathway upon anti-cancer drugs treatment. The cells with knocked out either Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) or all executioner caspases were resistant. This resistance could be partially overcome by induction of RIP1-dependent necroptosis through TNFR1 activation using combined treatment with TNF-α and smac mimetic (LCL161). RIP1 was essential for cellular response to TNF-α and smac mimetic, but dispensable for the response to anti-cancer drugs. Here, we demonstrated the significance of FADD and executioner caspases in carrying out programmed cell death upon anti-cancer drug treatments and the ability of combined treatment with TNF-α and smac mimetic to partially overcome drug resistance of FADD and/or CASP3/7/6-deficient cells via RIP1-dependent necroptosis. Thus, a combination of TNF-α and smac mimetic could be a suitable strategy for overcoming resistance to therapy in cells unable to trigger apoptosis.
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154
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Imre G, Krähling V, Eichler M, Trautmann S, Ferreirós N, Aman MJ, Kashanchi F, Rajalingam K, Pöhlmann S, Becker S, Meyer Zu Heringdorf D, Pfeilschifter J. The sphingosine kinase 1 activator, K6PC-5, attenuates Ebola virus infection. iScience 2021; 24:102266. [PMID: 33817572 PMCID: PMC8005759 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) is responsible for outbreaks with case fatality rates of up to 90% and for an epidemic in West Africa with more than ten thousand deaths. EBOV glycoprotein (EBOV-GP) is the only viral surface protein and is responsible for viral entry into cells. Here, by employing pseudotyped EBOV-GP viral particles, we uncover a critical role for sphingolipids in inhibiting viral entry. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The administration of the SphK1 activator, K6PC-5, or S1P, or the overexpression of SphK1 consistently exhibited striking inhibitory effects in EBOV-GP-driven entry in diverse cell lines. Finally, K6PC-5 markedly reduced the EBOV titer in infected cells and the de novo production of viral proteins. These data present K6PC-5 as an efficient tool to inhibit EBOV infection in endothelial cells and suggest further studies to evaluate its systemic effects. K6PC-5, a sphingosine kinase 1 activator, inhibits Ebola virus infection Sphingosine 1-phosphate, the product of SphK1, attenuates the viral entry Inhibiton/activation of S1P receptors has no influence on Ebola virus entry These data support the endogen effect of S1P in Ebola virus infection
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Imre
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Verena Krähling
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Madeleine Eichler
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Sandra Trautmann
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - M Javad Aman
- Integrated BioTherapeutics, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20850, USA
| | - Fatah Kashanchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, George Mason University Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Krishnaraj Rajalingam
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Pöhlmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Becker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Gießen-Marburg-Langen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Meyer Zu Heringdorf
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Institute of General Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
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155
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Sharifi M, Nazarinia D, Ramezani F, Azizi Y, Naderi N, Aboutaleb N. Necroptosis and RhoA/ROCK pathways: molecular targets of Nesfatin-1 in cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2507-2518. [PMID: 33755849 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nesfatin-1 as a new energy-regulating peptide has been known to display a pivotal role in modulation of cardiovascular functions and protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the detailed knowledge about molecular mechanisms underlying this protection has not been completely investigated yet. This study was designed to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which nesfatin-1 exert cardioprotection effects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R). Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was ligated for 30 min to create a MI/R model in rats. MI/R rats were treated with three concentrations of nesfatin-1 (10, 15 and 20 µg/kg) then expression of necroptosis and necrosis mediators were measured by western blotting assay. Fibrosis, morphological damages, cardiac function, myocardial injury indictors and oxidative stress factors were evaluated as well. Induction of MI/R model resulted in cardiac dysfunction, oxidative stress, increased activity of RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL axis and RhoA/ROCK pathway, extension of fibrosis and heart tissue damage. Highest tested concentration of nesfatin-1 markedly improved cardiac function. Moreover, it reduced oxidative stress, collagen deposition, and morphological damages, through inhibiting the expression of necroptosis mediators and also, necrosis including RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, ROCK1, and ROCK2 proteins. The lowest and middle tested concentrations of nesfatin-1 failed to exert protective effects against MI/R. These findings have shown that nesfatin-1 can exert cardioprotection against MI/R in a dose dependent manner by suppressing necroptosis via modulation of RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL axis and RhoA/ROCK/RIP3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Sharifi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Donya Nazarinia
- Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Naderi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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156
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Zhang J, Zheng X, Wang P, Wang J, Ding W. Role of apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) in cell death and cardiovascular disease. Apoptosis 2021; 26:24-37. [PMID: 33604728 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) is a highly effective and multifunctional inhibitor of apoptosis that is mainly expressed in postmitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells. ARC contains a C-terminal region rich in proline and glutamic acid residues and an N-terminal caspase recruitment domain (CARD). The CARD is originally described as a protein-binding motif that interacts with caspase through a CARD-CARD interaction. Initially, the inhibitory effect of ARC was only found in apoptosis, however, it was later found that ARC also played a regulatory role in other types of cell death. As a powerful cardioprotective factor, ARC can protect the heart by inhibiting the death of cardiomyocytes in various ways. ARC can reduce the cardiomyocyte apoptotic response to various stresses and injuries, including extrinsic apoptosis induced by death receptor ligands, cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the dysregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress and hypoxia. In addition, changes in ARC transcription and translation levels in the heart can cause a series of physiological and pathological changes, and ARC can also perform corresponding functions through interactions with other molecules. Although there has been much research on ARC, the functional redundancy among proteins shows that ARC still has much research value. This review summarizes the molecular characteristics of ARC, its roles in the various death modes in cardiomyocytes and the roles of ARC in cardiac pathophysiology. This article also describes the potential therapeutic effect and research prospects of ARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianxin Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peiyan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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157
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Xu Y, Chen F. Acid-Sensing Ion Channel-1a in Articular Chondrocytes and Synovial Fibroblasts: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 11:580936. [PMID: 33584647 PMCID: PMC7876322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.580936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is a member of the extracellular H+-activated cation channel family. Emerging evidence has suggested that ASIC1a plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Specifically, ASIC1a could promote inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, articular cartilage, and bone destruction; these lead to the progression of RA, a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic synovial inflammation and extra-articular lesions. In this review, we provided a brief overview of the molecular properties of ASIC1a, including the basic biological characteristics, tissue and cell distribution, channel blocker, and factors influencing the expression and function, and focused on the potential therapeutic targets of ASIC1a in RA and possible mechanisms of blocking ASIC1a to improve RA symptoms, such as regulation of apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and necroptosis of articular cartilage, and synovial inflammation and invasion of fibroblast-like cells in synovial tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Feihu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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158
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Urban Aerosol Particulate Matter Promotes Necrosis and Autophagy via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Cellular Disorders that are Accompanied by Cell Cycle Arrest in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020149. [PMID: 33498524 PMCID: PMC7909535 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Urban particulate matter (UPM) is recognized as a grave public health problem worldwide. Although a few studies have linked UPM to ocular surface diseases, few studies have reported on retinal dysfunction. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of UPM on the retina and identify the main mechanism of UPM toxicity. In this study, we found that UPM significantly induced cytotoxicity with morphological changes in ARPE-19 human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and increased necrosis and autophagy but not apoptosis. Furthermore, UPM significantly increased G2/M arrest and simultaneously induced alterations in cell cycle regulators. In addition, DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction were remarkably enhanced by UPM. However, the pretreatment with the potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) effectively suppressed UPM-mediated cytotoxicity, necrosis, autophagy, and cell cycle arrest. Moreover, NAC markedly restored UPM-induced DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Meanwhile, UPM increased the expression of mitophagy-regulated proteins, but NAC had no effect on mitophagy. Taken together, although further studies are needed to identify the role of mitophagy in UPM-induced RPE injury, the present study provides the first evidence that ROS-mediated cellular damage through necrosis and autophagy is one of the mechanisms of UPM-induced retinal disorders.
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159
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Abstract
Necroptosis is a noncaspase-dependent and precisely regulated mechanism of cell death. Necroptosis is mainly initiated by members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) families, interferon, intracellular RNA and DNA sensors and other mediators. Subsequently, the protein kinase RIPK1 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 1) and RIPK3 interact with the receptor protein, which transduces death signals and further recruits and phosphorylates MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein). MLKL serves as the initiator of cell death and eventually induces necroptosis. It was found that necroptosis is not only involved in the physiological regulation but also in the occurrence, development and prognosis of some necrotic diseases, especially infectious diseases. Intervention in the necroptosis signaling pathway is helpful for removing pathogens, inhibiting the development of lesions, and promoting the remodeling of tissue. In-depth study of the molecular regulation mechanism of necroptosis and its relationship with the pathogenesis of infectious diseases will help to provide new ideas and directions for research of the pathological mechanisms and clinical prevention of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Xia
- Post-Doctoral Research Station, Henan Agriculture University, No. 63, Nonye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, People's Republic of China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 90, Hualan Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liancheng Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, People's Republic of China.,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 90, Hualan Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhe Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, People's Republic of China. .,Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 90, Hualan Street, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Post-Doctoral Research Station, Henan Agriculture University, No. 63, Nonye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, People's Republic of China.
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160
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Ali H, Caballero R, Dong SXM, Gajnayaka N, Vranjkovic A, Ahmed D, Iqbal S, Crawley AM, Angel JB, Cassol E, Kumar A. Selective killing of human M1 macrophages by Smac mimetics alone and M2 macrophages by Smac mimetics and caspase inhibition. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:693-710. [PMID: 33404106 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4a0220-114rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory and anti-inflammatory Mϕs have been implicated in many diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and leprosy. Recent studies suggest targeting Mϕ function and activation may represent a potential target to treat these diseases. Herein, we investigated the effect of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetics (SMs), the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) proteins, on the killing of human pro- and anti-inflammatory Mϕ subsets. We have shown previously that human monocytes are highly susceptible whereas differentiated Mϕs (M0) are highly resistant to the cytocidal abilities of SMs. To determine whether human Mϕ subsets are resistant to the cytotoxic effects of SMs, we show that M1 Mϕs are highly susceptible to SM-induced cell death whereas M2a, M2b, and M2c differentiated subsets are resistant, with M2c being the most resistant. SM-induced cell death in M1 Mϕs was mediated by apoptosis as well as necroptosis, activated both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis, and was attributed to the IFN-γ-mediated differentiation. In contrast, M2c and M0 Mϕs experienced cell death through necroptosis following simultaneous blockage of the IAPs and the caspase pathways. Overall, the results suggest that survival of human Mϕs is critically linked to the activation of the IAPs pathways. Moreover, agents blocking the cellular IAP1/2 and/or caspases can be exploited therapeutically to address inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ramon Caballero
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Simon X M Dong
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Niranjala Gajnayaka
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Agatha Vranjkovic
- Chronic Disease Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Duale Ahmed
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Salma Iqbal
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Angela M Crawley
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan B Angel
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Edana Cassol
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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161
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Yashin DV, Sashchenko LP, Georgiev GP. Mechanisms of Action of the PGLYRP1/Tag7 Protein in Innate and Acquired Immunity. Acta Naturae 2021; 13:91-101. [PMID: 33959389 PMCID: PMC8084298 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the promising fields of modern molecular biology is the search for new proteins that regulate the various stages of the immune response and the investigation of the molecular mechanisms of action of these proteins. Such proteins include the multifunctional protein PGLYRP1/Tag7, belonging to the PGRP-S protein family, whose gene was discovered in mice at the Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, in 1996. PGLYRP1/Tag7 is classified as a protein of innate immunity; however, it can also participate in the regulation of acquired immunity mechanisms. In this paper, we consider the involvement of PGLYRP1/Tag7 in the triggering of antimicrobial defense mechanisms and formation of subsets of cytotoxic lymphocytes that kill tumor cells. The paper emphasizes that the multifaceted functional activity of Tag7 in the immune response has to do with its ability to interact with various proteins to form stable protein complexes. Hsp70-associated Tag7 can induce the death of tumor cells carrying the TNFR1 receptor. Tag7, associated with the Mts1 (S100A4) protein, can stimulate the migration of innate and adaptive immune cytotoxic lymphocytes to a lesion site. Involvement of Tag7 in the regulation of immunological processes suggests that it may be considered as a promising agent in cancer therapy. These properties of Tag7 were used to develop autologous vaccines that have passed the first and second phases of clinical trials in patients with end-stage melanoma and renal cancer. The C-terminal peptide of Tag7, isolated by limited proteolysis, was shown to protect the cartilage and bone tissue of the ankle joint in mice with induced autoimmune arthritis and may be a promising drug for suppressing the development of inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. V. Yashin
- Institute of Gene Biology RAS, Moscow, 119334 Russia
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162
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Kayani Z, Dehdari Vais R, Soratijahromi E, Mohammadi S, Sattarahmady N. Curcumin-gold-polyethylene glycol nanoparticles as a nanosensitizer for photothermal and sonodynamic therapies: In vitro and animal model studies. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102139. [PMID: 33310015 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal and ultrasound therapies are novel non-invasive strategies for tumor treatment which are equipped with a photosensitizer and sonosensitizer subsequent activation by laser irradiation and ultrasound exposure. In this study, curcumin-gold-polyethylene glycol nanoparticles (Cur-Au NPs-PEG) were synthesized, and the dual role in photothermal (PTT) and sonodynamic (SDT) therapies of melanoma cancer was evaluated. The toxicity effect of Cur-Au NPs-PEG against a mouse malignant melanoma cell line C540 (B16/F10) was firstly inspected in vitro. Cur-Au NPs-PEG provided a hyperthermal microenvironment and generated reactive oxygen species upon PTT and STD, respectively, with representing synergism effects. Studies in vivo in a tumor-bearing animal also demonstrate the superiority of PTT and SDT in destroying melanoma tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Kayani
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - R Dehdari Vais
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - E Soratijahromi
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Mohammadi
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Radiology Technology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - N Sattarahmady
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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163
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Moujahed S, Ruiz A, Hallegue D, Sakly M. Quercetin alleviates styrene oxide-induced cytotoxicity in cortical neurons in vitro via modulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1634-1643. [PMID: 33297769 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1851706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Styrene 7,8-oxide (SO) is the principal metabolite of styrene, an industrial neurotoxic compound which causes various neurodegenerative disorders. The present study aimed to explore the mechanisms of SO cytotoxicity (0.5 - 4 mM) in primary cortical neurons and to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of quercetin (QUER). Our results showed that exposure to SO decreased viability of cortical neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. In the presence of QUER, cell viability was increased significantly. The neuroprotective effects of QUER were associated with the reduction of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), the decrease in calcium overload and the restoration of mitochondrial membrane depolarization caused by SO. Additionally, to evaluate neuronal death mechanisms triggered by SO, cells were incubated with Ac-DEVD-CHO, Calpeptin and Necrostatin-1, pharmacological inhibitors of caspase-3, calpains and necroptosis respectively. The data showed that the three inhibitors reduced cell death induced by SO and suggested the implication of apoptotic, necrotic and necroptotic pathways. However, western blot analysis showed that QUER attenuated the activation of caspase-3 but did not prevent calpain activity. Taken together, these data indicated that the cytotoxicity of SO was mediated by oxidative stress and apoptosis, necrosis and necroptosis mechanisms, while the neuroprotection provided by QUER against SO depended mainly on its anti-apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Moujahed
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Asier Ruiz
- Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Dorsaf Hallegue
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Tunisia
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164
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Li S, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Chao Z, Sheng Z, Zhang Y, Zhao Y. Ferrostatin-1 alleviates angiotensin II (Ang II)- induced inflammation and ferroptosis in astrocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107179. [PMID: 33278745 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflammation and ferroptosis in astrocytes can be induced by external injuries, which results in excessive production of inflammatory factors and further injury on neurons. Alleviating ferroptosis might be an effective way to protect the brain from external injuries. The present study aims to explore the protective effects of Ferrostatin-1 against ferroptosis induced by Angiotensin II and the underlying mechanism. METHODS The mouse primary astrocytes were isolated from the cortices of mice. The astrocytes were stimulated using 10 µM angiotensin II in the presence or absence of 1 or 2 μM Ferrostatin-1. The gene expression levels of AT1R, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, GFAP, and GPx4 were evaluated using qRT-PCR. Western Blot was used to determine the protein levels of AT1R, COX-2, GFAP, GPx4, Nrf2, and HO-1 and ELISA was used to detect the concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, and PGE2. The ROS levels were evaluated using DHE staining and the reduced GSH level was determined using GSH detection kits. RESULTS The expression levels of AT1R, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, and GFAP in the astrocytes were significantly elevated by stimulation with Ang II and greatly suppressed by the introduction of Ferrostatin-1 in a dose-dependent manner. The promoted ROS level and inhibited GSH level in the astrocytes by the stimulation with Ang II were significantly reversed by Ferrostatin-1. Down-regulated GPx4, Nrf2, and HO-1 in the astrocytes induced by Ang II were extremely up-regulated by the treatment of Ferrostatin-1 in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Ferrostatin-1 alleviates angiotensin II (Ang II)- induced inflammation and ferroptosis by suppressing the ROS levels and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Li
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chenguang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yinghui Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhiwen Chao
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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165
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Kim ET, Park DG. YM155, specific survivin inhibitor, can enhance artesunate-induced cytotoxicity in HCT116 colon cancer cells. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2020; 16:131-137. [PMID: 36945719 PMCID: PMC9942729 DOI: 10.14216/kjco.20020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Purpose A water-soluble variant of the artemisinin called artesunate, approved as an antimalarial agent, can induce cell death on various cancer cell types. We studied the mechanism of cell death of artesunate on HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. Methods We treated HCT116 colon cancer cells with artesunate, holo-transferrin, deferoxamine mesylate, ferrostatin, necrostatin-1, and YM155. We observed the growth inhibition of artesunate on HCT116 colon cancer cells by morphologic findings. Inhibition of cell growth was assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and long-term growth inhibition by colony-forming assay. Apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Results Artesunate inhibited the proliferation of HCT116 colon cancer cells effectively. Co-treatment with YM155, a specific survivin inhibitor, enhanced the artesunate-induced cell death. Co-treatment with the iron-chelating agent deferoxamine rescued artesunate induced cell death and increased long-term cell survival and proliferation. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that artesunate-induced cytotoxicity in HCT116 colon cancer cells by suppressing the expression of survivin and partially by ferroptosis. Our findings suggest that the co-treatment artesunate with YM155 can induce more potent cell death on HCT116 colon cancer cells and shows new insight for the treatment of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Tae Kim
- Department of Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dong-Guk Park
- Department of Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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166
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Li D, Ai Y, Guo J, Dong B, Li L, Cai G, Chen S, Xu D, Wang F, Wang X. Casein kinase 1G2 suppresses necroptosis-promoted testis aging by inhibiting receptor-interacting kinase 3. eLife 2020; 9:61564. [PMID: 33206046 PMCID: PMC7673785 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinases are a large family of intracellular serine/threonine kinases that control a variety of cellular signaling functions. Here we report that a member of casein kinase 1 family, casein kinase 1G2, CSNK1G2, binds and inhibits the activation of receptor-interacting kinase 3, RIPK3, thereby attenuating RIPK3-mediated necroptosis. The binding of CSNK1G2 to RIPK3 is triggered by auto-phosphorylation at serine 211/threonine 215 sites in its C-terminal domain. CSNK1G2-knockout mice showed significantly enhanced necroptosis response and premature aging of their testis, a phenotype that was rescued by either double knockout of the Ripk3 gene or feeding the animal with a RIPK1 kinase inhibitor-containing diet. Moreover, CSNK1G2 is also co-expressed with RIPK3 in human testis, and the necroptosis activation marker phospho-MLKL was observed in the testis of old (>80) but not young men, indicating that the testis-aging program carried out by the RIPK3-mediated and CSNK1G2-attenuated necroptosis is evolutionarily conserved between mice and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianrong Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Youwei Ai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Guo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Baijun Dong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gaihong Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Xu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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167
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Motawi TMK, Abdel-Nasser ZM, Shahin NN. Ameliorative Effect of Necrosulfonamide in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease: Targeting Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-like Protein-Mediated Necroptosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3386-3397. [PMID: 32936609 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressively debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that has no effective remedy, so far, with available therapeutic modalities being only symptomatic and of modest efficacy. Necroptosis is a form of controlled cell death with a recently emerging link to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated the role of necroptosis in the pathogenesis of AD and evaluated the potential beneficial effect of the necroptosis inhibitor, necrosulfonamide (NSA), in a rat model of AD. AD was induced by oral administration of AlCl3 (17 mg/kg/day) for 6 consecutive weeks. Administration of NSA (1.65 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 6 weeks significantly amended AlCl3-induced spatial learning and memory deficits, as demonstrated by enhanced rat performance in Morris water and Y-mazes. NSA alleviated the abnormally high hippocampal expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), β-amyloid, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), phosphorylated tau protein, and acetylcholinesterase with concordant replenishment of acetylcholine. The amendments of AD perturbations achieved by NSA correlated with its inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of the key necroptotic executioner, mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Histopathological alterations supported the biochemical findings. In conclusion, NSA treatment represents a promising anti-Alzheimer's approach, mitigating AD neuropathologies via targeting MLKL-dependent necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. K. Motawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Zeinab M. Abdel-Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo 12411, Egypt
| | - Nancy N. Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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168
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Nanni V, Di Marco G, Sacchetti G, Canini A, Gismondi A. Oregano Phytocomplex Induces Programmed Cell Death in Melanoma Lines via Mitochondria and DNA Damage. Foods 2020; 9:E1486. [PMID: 33080917 PMCID: PMC7603152 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites possess chemopreventive and antineoplastic properties, but the lack of information about their exact mechanism of action in mammalian cells hinders the translation of these compounds in suitable therapies. In light of this, firstly, Origanum vulgare L. hydroalcoholic extract was chemically characterized by spectrophotometric and chromatographic analyses; then, the molecular bases underlying its antitumor activity on B16-F10 and A375 melanoma cells were investigated. Oregano extract induced oxidative stress and inhibited melanogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, triggering programmed cell death pathways (both apoptosis and necroptosis) through mitochondria and DNA damage. By contrast, oregano extract was safe on healthy tissues, revealing no cytotoxicity and mutagenicity on C2C12 myoblasts, considered as non-tumor proliferating cell model system, and on Salmonella strains, by the Ames test. All these data provide scientific evidence about the potential application of this food plant as an anticancer agent in in vivo studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Nanni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.N.); (G.D.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Gabriele Di Marco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.N.); (G.D.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Gianni Sacchetti
- Terra&Acqua Tech-Research Unit 7, Pharmaceutical Biology Lab, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Piazzale Luciano Chiappini 3, 44123 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Antonella Canini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.N.); (G.D.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Angelo Gismondi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (V.N.); (G.D.M.); (A.C.)
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169
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Jung SE, Ahn JS, Kim YH, Oh HJ, Kim BJ, Ryu BY. Necrostatin-1 improves the cryopreservation efficiency of murine spermatogonial stem cells via suppression of necroptosis and apoptosis. Theriogenology 2020; 158:445-453. [PMID: 33049569 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) is important to preserve the lineages of valuable livestock and produce transgenic animals. Although interest in molecular-based cryopreservation methods have been increasing to improve their efficiency, the issue of necroptosis has not yet been considered. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand the role of necroptosis using necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), necroptosis inhibitor, in SSC cryopreservation, and to investigate the potential application of Nec-1 as a cryoprotectant. To determine the cryopreservation efficiency of Nec-1, we assessed recovery rate, proliferation potential, cellular membrane damage, RIP1 protein expression, apoptosis, and its mechanism. Stable characterization and functional activity of SSCs was determined via immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and in vivo transplantation of SSCs. Our results showed a higher proliferation potential in 50 μM Nec-1 (146.5 ± 16.8%) than in DMSO controls (100.0 ± 3.4%). Furthermore, the cryoprotective effects of Nec-1 were verified by a decrease in RIP1 expression (3.1 ± 0.2-fold vs. 1.3 ± 0.3-fold) and in early apoptosis (4.3 ± 0.8% vs. 2.6 ± 0.1%) compared to DMSO controls. Normal functional activity was observed in the SSCs after cryopreservation with 50 μM Nec-1. In conclusion, necroptosis could be a cause of cryoinjury, and their inhibitor may serve as potential effective cryoprotectant. This study will contribute to establish a molecular-based cryopreservation method, and thereby expanding the use of SSCs into the domestic livestock industry as well as for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Jung
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seop Ahn
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hee Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Jo Oh
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang-Jin Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Buom-Yong Ryu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.
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170
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Wu Y, Dong G, Sheng C. Targeting necroptosis in anticancer therapy: mechanisms and modulators. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1601-1618. [PMID: 33088682 PMCID: PMC7563021 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis, a genetically programmed form of necrotic cell death, serves as an important pathway in human diseases. As a critical cell-killing mechanism, necroptosis is associated with cancer progression, metastasis, and immunosurveillance. Targeting necroptosis pathway by small molecule modulators is emerging as an effective approach in cancer therapy, which has the advantage to bypass the apoptosis-resistance and maintain antitumor immunity. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanism of necroptosis and necroptosis modulators is necessary to develop novel strategies for cancer therapy. This review will summarize recent progress of the mechanisms and detecting methods of necroptosis. In particular, the relationship between necroptosis and cancer therapy and medicinal chemistry of necroptosis modulators will be focused on.
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171
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Eftekharzadeh M, Simorgh S, Doshmanziari M, Hassanzadeh L, Shariatpanahi M. Human adipose-derived stem cells reduce receptor-interacting protein 1, receptor-interacting protein 3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase as necroptotic markers in rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Indian J Pharmacol 2020; 52:392-401. [PMID: 33283771 PMCID: PMC8025767 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_545_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a constant, developing brain impairment that is described as the aggregation of misfolded amyloid-beta-peptide (Ab) and abnormal tau protein in the brain. Stem cell therapy became a favorable candidate for the regeneration of neurodegenerative disorders like AD, but there is still shortage of knowledge about the underlying mechanisms. The goal of this survey was the determination of the necroptotic pathway as the possible mechanism for the effect of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in the rat model of AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve rats were consumed, dividing into four groups: Control, sham, AD model and AD + stem cell groups. We utilized Nissl and Thioflavin S staining for determining histological changes and immunofluorescent techniques for evaluating necroptotic markers in different regions of the hippocampus. RESULTS The confirmation of AD model was approved with histological examination. The findings indicated more distinct Thio-S stain and an increased number of dead cells in AD rats comparing to other groups. Alternatively, the dead cells number in the CA3 area significantly lessened in AD + stem cell group comparing to AD group. Data showed that hADSCs significantly decreased the expression of necroptotic markers (receptor-interacting protein 1, receptor-interacting protein 3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL)) in AD + stem cell group compared to AD group in different regions of the hippocampus. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that the intravenous injection of hADSCs reduced necroptosis and consequently declined the death of neuronal cells in the hippocampus of AD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Eftekharzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Simorgh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Doshmanziari
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Hassanzadeh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Shariatpanahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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172
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Cell death in the gut epithelium and implications for chronic inflammation. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:543-556. [PMID: 32651553 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-020-0326-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium has one of the highest rates of cellular turnover in a process that is tightly regulated. As the transit-amplifying progenitors of the intestinal epithelium generate ~300 cells per crypt every day, regulated cell death and sloughing at the apical surface keeps the overall cell number in check. An aberrant increase in the rate of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) death underlies instances of extensive epithelial erosion, which is characteristic of several intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and infectious colitis. Emerging evidence points to a crucial role of necroptosis, autophagy and pyroptosis as important modes of programmed cell death in the intestine in addition to apoptosis. The mode of cell death affects tissue restitution responses and ultimately the long-term risks of intestinal fibrosis and colorectal cancer. A vicious cycle of intestinal barrier breach, misregulated cell death and subsequent inflammation is at the heart of chronic inflammatory and infectious gastrointestinal diseases. This Review discusses the underlying molecular and cellular underpinnings that control programmed cell death in IECs, which emerge during intestinal diseases. Translational aspects of cell death modulation for the development of novel therapeutic alternatives for inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer are also discussed.
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173
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Functional Mammalian Amyloids and Amyloid-Like Proteins. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090156. [PMID: 32825636 PMCID: PMC7555005 DOI: 10.3390/life10090156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are highly ordered fibrous cross-β protein aggregates that are notorious primarily because of association with a variety of incurable human and animal diseases (termed amyloidoses), including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and prion diseases. Some amyloid-associated diseases, in particular T2D and AD, are widespread and affect hundreds of millions of people all over the world. However, recently it has become evident that many amyloids, termed “functional amyloids,” are involved in various activities that are beneficial to organisms. Functional amyloids were discovered in diverse taxa, ranging from bacteria to mammals. These amyloids are involved in vital biological functions such as long-term memory, storage of peptide hormones and scaffolding melanin polymerization in animals, substrate attachment, and biofilm formation in bacteria and fungi, etc. Thus, amyloids undoubtedly are playing important roles in biological and pathological processes. This review is focused on functional amyloids in mammals and summarizes approaches used for identifying new potentially amyloidogenic proteins and domains.
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174
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Sun R, Hedl M, Abraham C. TNFSF15 Promotes Antimicrobial Pathways in Human Macrophages and These Are Modulated by TNFSF15 Disease-Risk Variants. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:249-272. [PMID: 32827707 PMCID: PMC7689184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS TNFSF15 genetic variants leading to increased TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) expression confer risk for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and TNFSF15 is being explored as a therapeutic target in IBD patients. Although the focus for TNFSF15-mediated inflammatory outcomes has been predominantly on its action on T cells, TNFSF15 also promotes inflammatory outcomes in human macrophages. Given the critical role for macrophages in bacterial clearance, we hypothesized that TNFSF15 promotes antimicrobial pathways in human macrophages and that macrophages from TNFSF15 IBD risk carriers with higher TNFSF15 expression have an advantage in these antimicrobial outcomes. METHODS We analyzed protein expression, signaling, bacterial uptake, and intracellular bacterial clearance in human monocyte-derived macrophages through flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and gentamicin protection. RESULTS Autocrine/paracrine TNFSF15 interactions with death receptor 3 (DR3) were required for optimal levels of pattern-recognition-receptor (PRR)-induced bacterial clearance in human macrophages. TNFSF15 induced pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1-dependent bacterial uptake and promoted intracellular bacterial clearance through reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide synthase 2, and autophagy up-regulation. The TNFSF15-initiated TNF receptor-associated factor 2/receptor-interacting protein kinase 1/RIP3 pathway was required for mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB activation, and, in turn, induction of each of the antimicrobial pathways; the TNFSF15-initiated Fas-associated protein with death domain/mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1/caspase-8 pathway played a less prominent role in antimicrobial functions, despite its key role in TNFSF15-induced cytokine secretion. Complementation of signaling pathways or antimicrobial pathways restored bacterial uptake and clearance in PRR-stimulated macrophages where TNFSF15:DR3 interactions were inhibited. Monocyte-derived macrophages from high TNFSF15-expressing rs6478108 TT IBD risk carriers in the TNFSF15 region showed increased levels of the identified antimicrobial pathways. CONCLUSIONS We identify that autocrine/paracrine TNFSF15 is required for optimal PRR-enhanced antimicrobial pathways in macrophages, define mechanisms regulating TNFSF15-dependent bacterial clearance, and determine how the TNFSF15 IBD risk genotype modulates these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clara Abraham
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Clara Abraham, MD, Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street (LMP 1080), New Haven, Connecticut 06520. fax: (203) 785-7273.
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Multiple myeloma cells are exceptionally sensitive to heat shock, which overwhelms their proteostasis network and induces apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:21588-21597. [PMID: 32817432 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001323117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors, such as bortezomib (BTZ), are highly effective and widely used treatments for multiple myeloma. One proposed reason for myeloma cells' exceptional sensitivity to proteasome inhibition is that they produce and continually degrade unusually large amounts of abnormal immunoglobulins. We, therefore, hypothesized that, heat shock may also be especially toxic to myeloma cells by causing protein unfolding, increasing further the substrate load on proteasomes, and, thus, putting further stress on their capacity for protein homeostasis. After a shift from 37 to 43 °C, all four myeloma lines studied underwent extensive apoptosis in 4 h, unlike 13 nonmyeloma cell lines, even though the myeloma cells induced heat-shock proteins and increased protein degradation similar to other cells. Furthermore, two myeloma lines resistant to proteasome inhibitors were also more resistant to 43 °C. Shifting myeloma cells to 43, 41, or 39 °C (which was not cytotoxic) dramatically increased their killing by proteasome inhibitors and inhibitors of ubiquitination or p97/VCP. Combining increased temperature with BTZ increased the accumulation of misfolded proteins and substrate load on the 26S proteasome. The apoptosis seen at 43 °C and at 39 °C with BTZ was mediated by caspase-9 and was linked to an accumulation of the proapoptotic Bcl-2-family member Noxa. Thus, myeloma cells are exceptionally sensitive to increased temperatures, which greatly increase substrate load on the ubiquitin-proteasome system and eventually activate the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Consequently, for myeloma, mild hyperthermia may be a beneficial approach to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of proteasome inhibitors.
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176
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Catalytically inactive RIP1 and RIP3 deficiency protect against acute ischemic stroke by inhibiting necroptosis and neuroinflammation. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:565. [PMID: 32703968 PMCID: PMC7378260 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02770-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis, which is mediated by RIP1/RIP3/MLKL (receptor-interacting protein kinase 1/receptor-interacting protein kinase 3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein) signaling, is a critical process in the development of acute ischemic stroke. However, it is unclear precisely how necroptosis promotes the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke. In this experimental study in mice, we investigated how necroptosis loss-of-function mice, RIP1 kinase-dead mice, RIP3-deficiency mice, and MLKL-deficiency mice could be protected against cerebral injury after acute ischemic stroke. Insoluble RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL were all detected in the infarct area of the study mice, indicating activation of necroptosis. Two types of RIP1 kinase-dead mutant mice (Rip1K45A/K45A or Rip1Δ/Δ) were used to show that catalytically-inactive RIP1 can decrease the infarct volume and improve neurological function after MCAO/R (middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion). Both Rip3−/− mice and Mlkl−/− mice were protected against acute ischemic stroke. In addition, necroptosis loss-of-function mice showed less inflammatory responses in the infarct area. Therefore, necroptosis and its accompanying inflammatory response can lead to acute injury following ischemia stroke. Our study provides new insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke, and suggests potential therapeutic targets for neuroprotection.
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177
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Ren JX, Sun X, Yan XL, Guo ZN, Yang Y. Ferroptosis in Neurological Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:218. [PMID: 32754017 PMCID: PMC7370841 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is mechanism for non-apoptotic, iron-dependent, oxidative cell death that is characterized by glutathione consumption and lipid peroxides accumulation. Ferroptosis is crucially involved in neurological diseases, including neurodegeneration, stroke and neurotrauma. This review provides detailed discussions of the ferroptosis mechanisms in these neurological diseases. Moreover, it summarizes recent drugs that target ferroptosis for neurological disease treatment. Furthermore, it compares the differences and relationships among the various cell death mechanisms involved in neurological diseases. Elucidating the ferroptosis role in the brain can improve the understanding of neurological disease mechanism and provide potential prevention and treatment interventions for acute and chronic neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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178
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Autoantibodies from SLE patients induce programmed cell death in murine fibroblast cells through interaction with TNFR1 receptor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11144. [PMID: 32636466 PMCID: PMC7340778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Various pathological processes are known to be associated with the production of IgG autoantibodies, which have high affinity for self-antigens and often cause tissue injury and the development of autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanism of their cytotoxic activity is not clearly understood yet. Here, we have shown that the action of these autoantibodies on cells expressing TNFR1 (the cell surface receptor for TNFα) can cause both caspase-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis of these cells, with suppression of apoptosis resulting in switching to RIP1-dependent necroptosis. Analysis of necroptotic mechanisms has shown that a critical point of necroptosis is phosphorylation of RIP1 and RIP3 kinases, which is followed by the involvement of lysosomes and mitochondria in this process. The induction of cytotoxicity is initiated by the interaction of autoantibodies with TNFR1, and autoantibodies can therefore be regarded as a new functional ligand for this receptor. The innate immunity protein Tag7 (PGLYRP1) described in our recent studies is also a ligand for TNFR1 and competes with autoantibodies for binding with it. Supposedly, the cytotoxic effect of autoantibodies is one of the factors responsible for autoimmune diseases that lead to tissue injury.
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179
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Chen L, Cao Z, Yan L, Ding Y, Shen X, Liu K, Xiang X, Xie Q, Zhu C, Bao S, Wang H. Circulating Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 3 Are Increased in HBV Patients With Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure and Are Associated With Clinical Outcome. Front Physiol 2020; 11:526. [PMID: 32655398 PMCID: PMC7325886 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Necroptosis is a newly identified type of cell death with programmed pathways. The current study was performed to investigate necroptosis by measuring its key regulators; receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) in patients with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Methods HBV-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) patients (n = 90), non-ACLF patients without cirrhosis (N = 70), patients with cirrhosis (N = 40), and healthy controls (HCs; n = 70) were enrolled in the study. All patients were subject to serum RIPK3 measurement. Hepatic RIPK3 and MLKL were also determined in the livers of 18 patients and five donors, using immunohistochemistry. Results Serum RIPK3 was significantly elevated in HBV-ACLF patients compared to that of non-ACLF patients and the HCs. Serum RIPK3 in ACLF patients at recruitment was significantly higher in non-survivors than those in survivors at the 90-day follow-up. The predictive accuracy of serum RIPK3 at the 90-day outcome was relatively good with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.72 (p < 0.001), similar to that of the model of end-staged liver disease (MELD) score (0.76, p < 0.001). The combined use of RIPK3 and MELD score further increased the AUROC to 0.80. The hepatic RIPK3 and MLKL measured by immunohistochemistry, significantly increased in the patients with HBV-ACLF than in the patients without ACLF and the HCs. Conclusion Circulating RIPK3 was significantly increased in patients with HBV-ACLF and was associated with a clinical outcome. The improved combined objective scores could offer additional prognostic value in ACLF patients, for physicians with more accurate expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhujun Cao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yezhou Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghua Shen
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Xiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanwu Zhu
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shisan Bao
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, Charles Perkin Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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180
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Kim J, Chung JY, Park YS, Jang SJ, Kim HR, Choi CM, Song JS. Prognostic Significance of CHIP and RIPK3 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1496. [PMID: 32521727 PMCID: PMC7352347 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RIPK3 is a key regulator of necroptosis, which plays a double-edged sword role in tumor progression. CHIP is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates necroptosis by degrading RIPK3. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of RIPK3 and CHIP expression in 404 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expressions of CHIP and RIPK3 showed opposite correlations with survival. CHIP expression was associated with the longer overall survival (OS), whereas RIPK3 expression was associated with the shorter OS. RIPK3 positivity showed marginal association with shorter OS and disease-free survival (DFS) in adjuvant radiotherapy recipients but not in non-recipients, suggesting that necroptosis may induce radioresistance. In multivariate analysis, CHIP expression was associated with longer OS. Compared with other patients, CHIP(-)/RIPK3(+) patients had shorter OS and DFS. In summary, in patients with NSCLC, the expression of CHIP was an independent favorable prognostic factor while that of RIPK3 was an adverse prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisup Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.S.P.); (S.J.J.)
| | - Joon-Yong Chung
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Young Soo Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.S.P.); (S.J.J.)
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.S.P.); (S.J.J.)
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyeong Ryul Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Joon Seon Song
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.K.); (Y.S.P.); (S.J.J.)
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181
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Yañez MJ, Marín T, Balboa E, Klein AD, Alvarez AR, Zanlungo S. Finding pathogenic commonalities between Niemann-Pick type C and other lysosomal storage disorders: Opportunities for shared therapeutic interventions. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165875. [PMID: 32522631 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are diseases characterized by the accumulation of macromolecules in the late endocytic system and are caused by inherited defects in genes that encode mainly lysosomal enzymes or transmembrane lysosomal proteins. Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPCD), a LSD characterized by liver damage and progressive neurodegeneration that leads to early death, is caused by mutations in the genes encoding the NPC1 or NPC2 proteins. Both proteins are involved in the transport of cholesterol from the late endosomal compartment to the rest of the cell. Loss of function of these proteins causes primary cholesterol accumulation, and secondary accumulation of other lipids, such as sphingolipids, in lysosomes. Despite years of studying the genetic and molecular bases of NPCD and related-lysosomal disorders, the pathogenic mechanisms involved in these diseases are not fully understood. In this review we will summarize the pathogenic mechanisms described for NPCD and we will discuss their relevance for other LSDs with neurological components such as Niemann- Pick type A and Gaucher diseases. We will particularly focus on the activation of signaling pathways that may be common to these three pathologies with emphasis on how the intra-lysosomal accumulation of lipids leads to pathology, specifically to neurological impairments. We will show that although the primary lipid storage defect is different in these three LSDs, there is a similar secondary accumulation of metabolites and activation of signaling pathways that can lead to common pathogenic mechanisms. This analysis might help to delineate common pathological mechanisms and therapeutic targets for lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Yañez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - T Marín
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Balboa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A D Klein
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - A R Alvarez
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; CARE UC, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - S Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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182
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Zhang J, Kodali S, Chen M, Wang J. Maintenance of Germinal Center B Cells by Caspase-9 through Promotion of Apoptosis and Inhibition of Necroptosis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:113-120. [PMID: 32434938 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In response to T cell-dependent Ag encounter, naive B cells develop into germinal center (GC) B cells, which can further differentiate into Ab-secreting plasma cells or memory B cells. GC B cells are short lived and are prone to caspase-mediated apoptosis. However, how apoptotic caspases regulate GC B cell fate has not been fully characterized. In this study, we show that mice with B cell-specific knockout of caspase-9 had decreases in GC B cells and Ab production after immunization. Caspase-9-deficient B cells displayed defects in caspase-dependent apoptosis but increases in necroptosis signaling. Additional deletion of Ripk3 restored GC B cells and Ab production in mice with B cell-specific knockout of caspase-9. Our results indicate that caspase-9 plays an important role in the maintenance of Ab responses by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting necroptosis in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Zhang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Srikanth Kodali
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Min Chen
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; and
| | - Jin Wang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030; .,Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
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Abstract
The rediscovery and reinterpretation of the Warburg effect in the year 2000 occulted for almost a decade the key functions exerted by mitochondria in cancer cells. Until recent times, the scientific community indeed focused on constitutive glycolysis as a hallmark of cancer cells, which it is not, largely ignoring the contribution of mitochondria to the malignancy of oxidative and glycolytic cancer cells, being Warburgian or merely adapted to hypoxia. In this review, we highlight that mitochondria are not only powerhouses in some cancer cells, but also dynamic regulators of life, death, proliferation, motion and stemness in other types of cancer cells. Similar to the cells that host them, mitochondria are capable to adapt to tumoral conditions, and probably to evolve to ‘oncogenic mitochondria' capable of transferring malignant capacities to recipient cells. In the wider quest of metabolic modulators of cancer, treatments have already been identified targeting mitochondria in cancer cells, but the field is still in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Grasso
- Pole of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luca X Zampieri
- Pole of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tânia Capelôa
- Pole of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Justine A Van de Velde
- Pole of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
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184
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Lin DQ, Cai XY, Wang CH, Yang B, Liang RS. Optimal concentration of necrostatin-1 for protecting against hippocampal neuronal damage in mice with status epilepticus. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:936-943. [PMID: 31719260 PMCID: PMC6990772 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.268903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neurons undergo various forms of cell death after status epilepticus. Necrostatin-1 specifically inhibits necroptosis mediated by receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) and RIP3 receptors. However, there are no reports of necroptosis in mouse models of status epilepticus. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of necrostatin-1 on hippocampal neurons in mice with status epilepticus, and, furthermore, we tested different amounts of the compound to identify the optimal concentration for inhibiting necroptosis and apoptosis. A mouse model of status epilepticus was produced by intraperitoneal injection of kainic acid, 12 mg/kg. Different concentrations of necrostatin-1 (10, 20, 40, and 80 μM) were administered into the lateral ventricle 15 minutes before kainic acid injection. Hippocampal damage was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining 24 hours after the model was successfully produced. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining, western blot assay and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of apoptosis-related and necroptosis-related proteins. Necrostatin-1 alleviated damage to hippocampal tissue in the mouse model of epilepsy. The 40 μM concentration of necrostatin-1 significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells in the hippocampal CA1 region. Furthermore, necrostatin-1 significantly downregulated necroptosis-related proteins (MLKL, RIP1, and RIP3) and apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved-Caspase-3, Bax), and it upregulated the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Taken together, our findings show that necrostatin-1 effectively inhibits necroptosis and apoptosis in mice with status epilepticus, with the 40 μM concentration of the compound having an optimal effect. The experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Fujian Medical University, China (approval No. 2016-032) on November 9, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Qi Lin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xin-Ying Cai
- Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ri-Sheng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Correspondence to: Ri-Sheng Liang, .
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185
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Zhang H, Wei M, Lu X, Sun Q, Wang C, Zhang J, Fan H. Aluminum trichloride caused hippocampal neural cells death and subsequent depression-like behavior in rats via the activation of IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136942. [PMID: 32007895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is an inorganic pollutant that induces nerve cells apoptosis and necroptosis, thereby causing depression and neurodegenerative diseases. IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway can regulate apoptosis and necroptosis. However, it remains unclear whether IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway is involving in the regulation of Al-induced hippocampal neural cells apoptosis and necroptosis. To investigate the mechanism of Al on neural cells apoptosis and necroptosis, rats were orally exposed to different doses of AlCl3 for 90 days. The open-field test results showed that AlCl3 caused depressive behavior in rats. Histopathological evidence showed that AlCl3 induced hippocampal neural cells apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA expression ratio, caspase-3 activity and mRNA expression and TUNEL positive rates were upregulated, meanwhile, TNF-α mRNA and protein expression levels, TNFR1, RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL proteins levels were increased, while caspase-8 protein level was decreased in the hippocampus of Al-exposed groups. These results proved that AlCl3 induced hippocampal neural cells apoptosis and necroptosis. Combined with histopathology and correlation analysis, we deduced that hippocampal neural cells were more likely to undergo necroptosis at high doses (450 mg/kg) of AlCl3, while <150 mg/kg AlCl3 tended to induce apoptosis. Finally, AlCl3 increased the proteins level of IL-1β, IL-1RI, IL-1RAcP, JNK and p-JNK, indicating that AlCl3 activated IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway. However, the application of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and the related genes expression of apoptosis and necroptosis caused by AlCl3. Thus, we concluded that AlCl3 induced hippocampal neural cells death and depression-like behavior in rats by activating IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Mian Wei
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Lu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qinghong Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chuqiao Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jiuyan Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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186
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Abstract
Immune cells use a variety of membrane-disrupting proteins [complement, perforin, perforin-2, granulysin, gasdermins, mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL)] to induce different kinds of death of microbes and host cells, some of which cause inflammation. After activation by proteolytic cleavage or phosphorylation, these proteins oligomerize, bind to membrane lipids, and disrupt membrane integrity. These membrane disruptors play a critical role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Here we review our current knowledge of the functions, specificity, activation, and regulation of membrane-disrupting immune proteins and what is known about the mechanisms behind membrane damage, the structure of the pores they form, how the cells expressing these lethal proteins are protected, and how cells targeted for destruction can sometimes escape death by repairing membrane damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Center for Microbes, Development and Health; Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology; Institut Pasteur of Shanghai; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;
| | - Judy Lieberman
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
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187
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Chen Z, Liu J, Tian L, Zhang Q, Guan Y, Chen L, Liu G, Yu HQ, Tian Y, Huang Q. Raman micro-spectroscopy monitoring of cytochrome c redox state in Candida utilis during cell death under low-temperature plasma-induced oxidative stress. Analyst 2020; 145:3922-3930. [PMID: 32307505 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00507j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress may result in different modes of cell death, such as necrosis, apoptosis and necroptosis. Currently, researchers are still striving to develop efficient tools/methods to distinguish the cell death modes in direct and label-free ways. In this study, we attempted to employ Raman micro-spectroscopy to observe the molecular changes in Candida utilis cells under oxidative stress induced by low-temperature plasma (LTP) and explore the spectroscopic biomarkers for the modes of cell death under oxidative stress. In this research, we confirmed that LTP could impose oxidative stress on the yeast cells, and recorded the changes of Raman signals of cytochrome c in the cells under LTP oxidative stress. Subsequently, we identified the biochemical and morphological characteristic features corresponding to different modes of cell death. Interestingly, we found that LTP under certain conditions could induce oxidative stress which caused the yeast cell death mainly by means of necroptosis, which was verified by Annexin V/PI, HMGB1 location assay and immunoprecipitation assay of the RIP1/RIP3 necrosome. Correspondingly, we also showed that the LTP induced necroptosis, associated with the increase of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and mitochondrial ROS, the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, the release of oxidized cytochrome c from the mitochondrion to the cytoplasm, and the destruction of mitochondria in yeast cells. This work has therefore demonstrated that monitoring the redox state of cytochrome c using Raman micro-spectroscopy is very useful for distinguishing the modes of cell death and particularly may unveil the unique necroptosis process of cells under extrinsic oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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188
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Sadh S, Hajjar S, Ariana A, Phuong MS, Cai D, Thakker P, Sad S. Coating M-CSF on plastic surface results in the generation of increased numbers of macrophages in vitro. J Immunol Methods 2020; 481-482:112788. [PMID: 32304707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the important cell types in the innate immune system that are present in various anatomical regions of the body and promote early control of pathogens. The relative proportion of macrophages in various lymphoid and non-lymphoid regions is small, and as such it is tedious to purify these cells to homogeneity. Culture of bone marrow precursors with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) results in their differentiation to macrophages, however this procedure results in low numbers of differentiated macrophages. Herein we reveal a new approach of generating increased numbers of differentiated macrophages from bone marrow precursors. We show that M-CSF delivered in a plate-bound form results in the differentiation of significantly more macrophages in comparison to soluble M-CSF. Furthermore, the macrophages differentiated with plate-bound M-CSF display increased metabolic activity and cell death following infection with pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanathan Sadh
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Hajjar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ardeshir Ariana
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Sen Phuong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Cai
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Parva Thakker
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subash Sad
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa, K1H 8M5 Ontario, Canada.
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189
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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Cytotoxic Activity of Vanadium Compounds against Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071757. [PMID: 32290299 PMCID: PMC7180481 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovering that metals are essential for the structure and function of biomolecules has given a completely new perspective on the role of metal ions in living organisms. Nowadays, the design and synthesis of new metal-based compounds, as well as metal ion binding components, for the treatment of human diseases is one of the main aims of bioinorganic chemistry. One of the areas in vanadium-based compound research is their potential anticancer activity. In this review, we summarize recent molecular and cellular mechanisms in the cytotoxic activity of many different synthetic vanadium complexes as well as inorganic salts. Such mechanisms shall include DNA binding, oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation and programed cell death. We focus mainly on cellular studies involving many type of cancer cell lines trying to highlight some new significant advances.
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190
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Gobbetti T, Berger SB, Fountain K, Slocombe T, Rowles A, Pearse G, Harada I, Bertin J, Haynes AC, Beal AM. Receptor-interacting protein 1 kinase inhibition therapeutically ameliorates experimental T cell-dependent colitis in mice. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:220. [PMID: 32249785 PMCID: PMC7136199 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gobbetti
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Scott B Berger
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn Fountain
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Tom Slocombe
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Alison Rowles
- Department of Pathology, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Gail Pearse
- Department of Pathology, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - John Bertin
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Andrea C Haynes
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Allison M Beal
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
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191
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Ding HR, Tang ZT, Tang N, Zhu ZY, Liu HY, Pan CY, Hu AY, Lin YZ, Gou P, Yuan XW, Cai JH, Dong CL, Wang JL, Ren HZ. Protective Properties of FOXO1 Inhibition in a Murine Model of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Are Associated With Attenuation of ER Stress and Necroptosis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:177. [PMID: 32218743 PMCID: PMC7078343 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is currently unclear, however, lipid accumulation leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress appears to be pivotal in the process. At present, FOXO1 is known to be involved in NAFLD progression. The relationship between necroptosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis has been of great research interest more recently. However, whether FOXO1 regulates ER stress and necroptosis in mice fed with a high fat diet is not clear. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the relationship between non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, ER stress, and necroptosis. Main Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with an HFD for 14 weeks to induce non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. ER stress and activation of necroptosis in AML12 cells were evaluated after inhibition of FOXO1 in AML12 cells. In addition, mice were fed with AS1842856 for 14 weeks. Liver function and lipid accumulation were measured, and further, ER stress and necroptosis were evaluated by Western Blot and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Key Findings Mice fed with a high fat diet showed high levels of FOXO1, accompanying activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and necroptosis. Further, sustained PA stimulation caused ER stress and necroptosis in AML12 cells. At the same time, protein levels of FOXO1 increased significantly. Inhibition of FOXO1 with AS1842856 alleviated ER stress and necroptosis. Additionally, treatment of mice with a FOXO1 inhibitor ameliorated liver function after they were fed with a high fat diet, displaying better liver condition and lighter necroptosis. Significance Inhibition of FOXO1 attenuates ER stress and necroptosis in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen-Ting Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Han-Yi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen-Yan Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - An-Yin Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Zhen Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Gou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian-Wen Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Hui Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Long Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao-Zhen Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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192
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Ariana A, Alturki NA, Hajjar S, Stumpo DJ, Tiedje C, Alnemri ES, Gaestel M, Blackshear PJ, Sad S. Tristetraprolin regulates necroptosis during tonic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in murine macrophages. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:4661-4672. [PMID: 32094226 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The necrosome is a protein complex required for signaling in cells that results in necroptosis, which is also dependent on tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) signaling. TNFα promotes necroptosis, and its expression is facilitated by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) but is inhibited by the RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP, encoded by the Zfp36 gene). We have stimulated murine macrophages from WT, MyD88 -/-, Trif -/-, MyD88 -/- Trif -/-, MK2 -/-, and Zfp36 -/- mice with graded doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and various inhibitors to evaluate the role of various genes in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-induced necroptosis. Necrosome signaling, cytokine production, and cell death were evaluated by immunoblotting, ELISA, and cell death assays, respectively. We observed that during TLR4 signaling, necrosome activation is mediated through the adaptor proteins MyD88 and TRIF, and this is inhibited by MK2. In the absence of MK2-mediated necrosome activation, lipopolysaccharide-induced TNFα expression was drastically reduced, but MK2-deficient cells became highly sensitive to necroptosis even at low TNFα levels. In contrast, during tonic TLR4 signaling, WT cells did not undergo necroptosis, even when MK2 was disabled. Of note, necroptosis occurred only in the absence of TTP and was mediated by the expression of TNFα and activation of JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK). These results reveal that TTP plays an important role in inhibiting TNFα/JNK-induced necrosome signaling and resultant cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardeshir Ariana
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Norah A Alturki
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Stephanie Hajjar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Deborah J Stumpo
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Christopher Tiedje
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, The Maersk Tower, 7.3, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark.,Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany, 30623
| | - Emad S Alnemri
- Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany, 30623
| | - Perry J Blackshear
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Subash Sad
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada .,University of Ottawa, Ottawa Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
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193
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Abu-Serie MM, Habashy NH. Vitis vinifera polyphenols from seedless black fruit act synergistically to suppress hepatotoxicity by targeting necroptosis and pro-fibrotic mediators. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2452. [PMID: 32051531 PMCID: PMC7016101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59489-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human is subjected from his surrounding to various hepatotoxins, which aggravates his liver. Nowadays, natural polyphenols have attracted great interest in health improvement, especially liver health. The present research, therefore, assessed the hepatotherapeutic potency of the isolated polyphenols (VVF1) from seedless (pulp and skin) black Vitis vinifera (VV) against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Further, VVF1 was fractionated into resveratrol-enriched (VVF2) and phenolics-enriched (VVF3) fractions to study (in vitro) the possible synergism of their coexistence. The highest content of phenolics in VVF1 displayed in vitro synergistic antioxidant and anti-hepatotoxic activities comparing to VVF2, VVF3, and silymarin (SM, reference drug). More importantly, it exhibited multiple in vivo regulatory functions via diminishing oxidative stress and inflammation, which in turn decreased necroptosis and pro-fibrotic mediators (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1). In addition to these novel findings, VVF1 had higher anti-hepatotoxic potency than that of SM in most of the studied parameters. The histopathological analysis confirmed the improving role of VVF1 in the serious hepatic damage induced by CCl4. Thus, the synergistic functions of VVF1 polyphenols could be a promising new anti-hepatotoxic agent for targeting both necroptotic and profibrotic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Noha H Habashy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
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194
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Khoury MK, Gupta K, Franco SR, Liu B. Necroptosis in the Pathophysiology of Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:272-285. [PMID: 31783008 PMCID: PMC6983729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, elegant studies have demonstrated that in certain conditions, programed cell death resembles necrosis and depends on a unique molecular pathway with no overlap with apoptosis. This form of regulated necrosis is represented by necroptosis, in which the receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 and its substrate mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein play a crucial role. With the development of knockout mouse models and molecular inhibitors unique to necroptotic proteins, this cell death has been found to occur in virtually all tissues and diseases evaluated. There are different immunologic consequences depending on whether cells die through apoptosis or necroptosis. Therefore, distinguishing between these two forms of cell death may be crucial during pathologic evaluations. In this review, we provide an understanding of necroptotic cell-death and highlight diseases in which necroptosis has been found to play a role. We also discuss the inhibitors of necroptosis and the ways these inhibitors have been used in preclinical models of diseases. These two discussions offer an understanding of the role of necroptosis in diseases and will foster efforts to pharmacologically target this unique yet pervasive form of programed cell death in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitri K Khoury
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kartik Gupta
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sarah R Franco
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bo Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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195
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Abstract
Necroptosis, known as programmed necrosis, is a form of caspase-independent, finely regulated cell death with necrotic morphology. Tumor necrosis, foci of necrotic cell death, occurs in advanced solid tumors and is often associated with poor prognosis of cancer patients. While it is well documented that apoptosis plays a key role in tumor regression and the inactivation of apoptosis is pivotal to tumor development, the role of necroptosis in tumorigenesis is still not fully understood as recent studies have reported both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing effects of necroptosis. In this short review, we will discuss some recent studies about the role of necroptosis in tumorigenesis and speculate the implications of these findings in future research and potential novel cancer therapy targeting necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Gang Liu
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Delong Jiao
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
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196
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Lee SY, Kim H, Li CM, Kang J, Najafov A, Jung M, Kang S, Wang S, Yuan J, Jung YK. Casein kinase-1γ1 and 3 stimulate tumor necrosis factor-induced necroptosis through RIPK3. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:923. [PMID: 31801942 PMCID: PMC6892881 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Upon necroptosis activation, receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase (RIPK)1 and RIPK3 form a necrosome complex with pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase-like (MLKL). Although protein phosphorylation is a key event for RIPK1 and RIPK3 activation in response to a necroptosis signal, relatively little is known about other factors that might regulate the activity of these kinases or necrosome formation. Through a gain-of-function screen with 546 kinases and 127 phosphatases, we identified casein kinase 1 gamma (CK1γ) as a candidate necroptosis-promoting factor. Here, we show that the decreased activity or amounts of CK1γ1 and CK1γ3, either by treatment with a chemical inhibitor or knockdown in cells, reduced TNFα-induced necroptosis. Conversely, ectopic expression of CK1γ1 or CK1γ3 exacerbated necroptosis, but not apoptosis. Similar to RIPK1 and RIPK3, CK1γ1 was also cleaved at Asp343 by caspase-8 during apoptosis. CK1γ1 and CK1γ3 formed a protein complex and were recruited to the necrosome harboring RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL. In particular, an autophosphorylated form of CK1γ3 at Ser344/345 was detected in the necrosome and was required to mediate the necroptosis. In addition, in vitro assays with purified proteins showed that CK1γ phosphorylated RIPK3, affecting its activity, and in vivo assays showed that the CK1γ-specific inhibitor Gi prevented abrupt death in mice with hypothermia in a model of TNFα-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Collectively, these data suggest that CK1γ1 and CK1γ3 are required for TNFα-induced necroptosis likely by regulating RIPK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yi Lee
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Kim
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Cathena Meiling Li
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jaemin Kang
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ayaz Najafov
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115-5730, USA
| | - Muhah Jung
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Soosung Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2216, USA
| | - Junying Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115-5730, USA
| | - Yong-Keun Jung
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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197
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Sang M, Luo R, Bai Y, Dou J, Zhang Z, Liu F, Feng F, Liu W. BHQ-Cyanine-Based "Off-On" Long-Circulating Assembly as a Ferroptosis Amplifier for Cancer Treatment: A Lipid-Peroxidation Burst Device. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42873-42884. [PMID: 31553151 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death caused by accumulation of lipid peroxidation (LPO), which is a new strategy for cancer treatment. Th current ferroptosis therapy nanodevices have low efficiency and side effects generally. Hence, we developed a Black Hole Quencher (BHQ)-based fluorescence "off-on" nanophotosensitizer complex assembly (CSO-BHQ-IR780-Hex/MIONPs/Sor). CSO-connected BHQ-IR780-Hex and -loaded magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) and sorafenib (Sor) formed a very concise functionalized delivery system. CSO-BHQ-IR780-Hex disassembled by GSH attack and released IR780-Hex, MIONPs, and sorafenib. IR780-Hex anchored to the mitochondrial membrane, which would contribute to amplifying the efficiency of the photosensitizer. When NIR irradiation was given to CSO-BHQ-IR780-Hex/MIONPs/Sor-treated cells, iron supply increased, the xCT/GSH/GPX-4 system was triggered, and a lot of LPO burst. A malondialdehyde test showed that LPO in complex assembly-treated cells was explosive and increased about 18-fold compared to the control. The accumulation process of particles was monitored by an IR780-Hex photosensitizer, which showed an excellent tumor target ability by magnetic of nanodevice in vivo. Interestingly, the half-life of sorafenib in a nanodevice was increased about 26-fold compared to the control group. Importantly, the complex assembly effectively inhibits tumor growth in the breast tumor mouse model. This work would provide ideas in designing nanomedicines for the ferroptosis treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangmang Sang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Renjie Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yidan Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | | | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
- Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College , 4 Meicheng Donglu , Huaian 223003 , China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Hangzhou Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation , China Pharmaceutical University , 291 Fucheng Lu , Hangzhou 310018 , China
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198
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Balhamar SOMS, Panicker NG, Akhlaq S, Qureshi MM, Ahmad W, Rehman NU, Ali L, Al-Harrasi A, Hussain J, Mustafa F. Differential Cytotoxic Potential of Acridocarpus orientalis Leaf and Stem Extracts with the Ability to Induce Multiple Cell Death Pathways. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213976. [PMID: 31684146 PMCID: PMC6864630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study systematically analyzed the anticancer potential of Acridocarpus orientalis (AO), a traditional medicinal plant of the Arabian Peninsula/East Africa known for its anti-inflammatory and pain relief properties. Tests of serial organic fractions from methanolic extracts of its leaves and stems revealed that only some fractions showed anti-proliferative potential with the dichloromethane fraction from leaves (AOD (L)) showing the most cytotoxic effect against both breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. The n-butanol fraction from the stems (AOB (S)), on the other hand, was more effective against cervical cancer cells and did not harm the normal cells. Further characterization of the mode of cell killing revealed that AOD (L) depended more on non-apoptotic pathways for its cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells, while it could activate some apoptosis and necroptosis in HeLa cells. The AOB (S) fraction could primarily activate apoptosis and some necroptosis in HeLa cells. Both fractions perturbed autophagy, but in a dissimilar manner. Thus, different parts of A. orientalis revealed variable potential to induce cell death in cancer cells via apoptotic and non-apoptotic pathways, making A. orientalis a valuable plant for the exploration of anticancer bioactive reagents, some of which may be protective for normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neena Gopinathan Panicker
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE.
| | - Shaima Akhlaq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE.
| | - Mohammed Mansoor Qureshi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE.
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE.
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Liaqat Ali
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman, Nizwa, Oman.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sub-Campus Mianwali, Punjab 42200, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences & Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Farah Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE.
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199
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Yang J, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Fan H, Qi C, Zhang K, Liu X, Fei L, Chen S, Wang M, Kuang F, Wang Y, Wu S. RIPK3/MLKL-Mediated Neuronal Necroptosis Modulates the M1/M2 Polarization of Microglia/Macrophages in the Ischemic Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:2622-2635. [PMID: 29746630 PMCID: PMC5998990 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death and subsequent inflammation are 2 key pathological changes occurring in cerebral ischemia. Active microglia/macrophages play a double-edged role depending on the balance of their M1/M2 phenotypes. Necrosis is the predominant type of cell death following ischemia. However, how necrotic cells modulate the M1/M2 polarization of microglia/macrophages remains poorly investigated. Here, we reported that ischemia induces a rapid RIPK3/MLKL-mediated neuron-dominated necroptosis, a type of programmed necrosis. Ablating RIPK3 or MLKL could switch the activation of microglia/macrophages from M1 to the M2 type in the ischemic cortex. Conditioned medium of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated wild-type (WT) neurons induced M1 polarization, while that of RIPK3−/− neurons favored M2 polarization. OGD treatment induces proinflammatory IL-18 and TNFα in WT but not in RIPK3−/− neurons, which in turn upregulate anti-inflammatory IL-4 and IL-10. Furthermore, the expression of Myd88—a common downstream adaptor of toll-like receptors—is significantly upregulated in the microglia/macrophages of ischemic WT but not of RIPK3−/− or MLKL−/− cortices. Antagonizing the function of Myd88 could phenocopy the effects of RIPK3/MLKL-knockout on the polarization of microglia/macrophages and was neuroprotective. Our data revealed a novel role of necroptotic neurons in modulating the M1/M2 balance of microglia/macrophages in the ischemic cortex, possibly through Myd88 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Yang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Anatomy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, 1 Xin Wang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Youyi Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Anatomy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, 1 Xin Wang Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuchu Qi
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Fei
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yan Ta Western Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Kuang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Chang Le Xi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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200
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Critical contribution of RIPK1 mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress to compression-induced rat nucleus pulposus cells necroptosis and apoptosis. Apoptosis 2019; 23:299-313. [PMID: 29705943 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-018-1455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether RIPK1 mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress contributed to compression-induced nucleus pulposus (NP) cells necroptosis and apoptosis, together with the interplay relationship between necroptosis and apoptosis in vitro. Rat NP cells underwent various periods of 1.0 MPa compression. To determine whether compression affected mitochondrial function, we evaluated the mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial ultrastructure and ATP content. Oxidative stress-related indicators reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were also assessed. To verify the relevance between oxidative stress and necroptosis together with apoptosis, RIPK1 inhibitor necrostatin-1(Nec-1), mPTP inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA), antioxidants and small interfering RNA technology were utilized. The results established that compression elicited a time-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated oxidative stress. Nec-1 and CsA restored mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative stress, which corresponded to decreased necroptosis and apoptosis. CsA down-regulated mitochondrial cyclophilin D expression, but had little effects on RIPK1 expression and pRIPK1 activation. Additionally, we found that Nec-1 largely blocked apoptosis; whereas, the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK increased RIPK1 expression and pRIPK1 activation, and coordinated regulation of necroptosis and apoptosis enabled NP cells survival more efficiently. In contrast to Nec-1, SiRIPK1 exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. In summary, RIPK1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a crucial role in NP cells necroptosis and apoptosis during compression injury. The synergistic regulation of necroptosis and apoptosis may exert more beneficial effects on NP cells survival, and ultimately delaying or even retarding intervertebral disc degeneration.
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