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Näpänkangas J, Ohtonen P, Ohukainen P, Weisell J, Väisänen T, Peltonen T, Taskinen P, Rysä J. Increased mesenchymal podoplanin expression is associated with calcification in aortic valves. Cardiovasc Pathol 2019; 39:30-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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152
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Podoplanin in Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030707. [PMID: 30736372 PMCID: PMC6386838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin is a small cell-surface mucin-like glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the development of the alveoli, heart, and lymphatic vascular system. Emerging evidence indicates that it is also involved in the control of mammary stem-cell activity and biogenesis of platelets in the bone marrow, and exerts an important function in the immune response. Podoplanin expression is upregulated in different cell types, including fibroblasts, macrophages, T helper cells, and epithelial cells, during inflammation and cancer, where it plays important roles. Podoplanin is implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, promotes inflammation-driven and cancer-associated thrombosis, and stimulates cancer cell invasion and metastasis through a variety of strategies. To accomplish its biological functions, podoplanin must interact with other proteins located in the same cell or in neighbor cells. The binding of podoplanin to its ligands leads to modulation of signaling pathways that regulate proliferation, contractility, migration, epithelial⁻mesenchymal transition, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In this review, we describe the diverse roles of podoplanin in inflammation and cancer, depict the protein ligands of podoplanin identified so far, and discuss the mechanistic basis for the involvement of podoplanin in all these processes.
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Furusawa Y, Yamada S, Itai S, Nakamura T, Yanaka M, Sano M, Harada H, Fukui M, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. PMab-219: A monoclonal antibody for the immunohistochemical analysis of horse podoplanin. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 18:100616. [PMID: 30766925 PMCID: PMC6360987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, cat, and bovine podoplanin (PDPN), a lymphatic endothelial cell marker, have been established in our previous studies. However, mAbs against horse PDPN (horPDPN), which are useful for immunohistochemical analysis, remain to be developed. In the present study, mice were immunized with horPDPN-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells (CHO/horPDPN), and hybridomas producing mAbs against horPDPN were screened using flow cytometry. One of the mAbs, PMab-219 (IgG2a, kappa), specifically detected CHO/horPDPN cells via flow cytometry and recognized horPDPN protein using Western blotting. Furthermore, PMab-219 strongly stained CHO/horPDPN via immunohistochemistry. These findings suggest that PMab-219 is useful for investigating the function of horPDPN. PDPN is known as a specific lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) marker. Sensitive and specific PMab-219 mAb against horse PDPN was produced. PMab-219 reacted with a horse renal cell line sensitively in flow cytometry. PMab-219 is useful for IHC using paraffin-embedded cell sections.
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Key Words
- CBIS, Cell-Based Immunization and Screening
- CHO, Chinese hamster ovary
- CLEC-2, C-type lectin-like receptor-2
- DAB, 3,3'-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- Horse podoplanin
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDPN
- PDPN, podoplanin
- PMab-219
- PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride
- SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate
- hPDPN, human podoplanin
- horPDPN, horse podoplanin
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Furusawa
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- ZENOAQ RESOURCE CO., LTD, 1-1 Tairanoue, Sasagawa, Asaka-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-0196, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masato Fukui
- ZENOAQ RESOURCE CO., LTD, 1-1 Tairanoue, Sasagawa, Asaka-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-0196, Japan
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Corresponding author.New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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154
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Expression of Genes in Primo Vasculature Floating in Lymphatic Endothelium Under Lipopolysaccharide and Acupuncture Electric Stimulation. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2019; 12:3-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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155
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Furusawa Y, Yamada S, Itai S, Sano M, Nakamura T, Yanaka M, Fukui M, Harada H, Mizuno T, Sakai Y, Takasu M, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. PMab-210: A Monoclonal Antibody Against Pig Podoplanin. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2019; 38:30-36. [DOI: 10.1089/mab.2018.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Furusawa
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- ZENOAQ RESOURCE CO., LTD., Koriyama, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masaki Takasu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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156
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Sikorska J, Gaweł D, Domek H, Rudzińska M, Czarnocka B. Podoplanin (PDPN) affects the invasiveness of thyroid carcinoma cells by inducing ezrin, radixin and moesin (E/R/M) phosphorylation in association with matrix metalloproteinases. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:85. [PMID: 30654768 PMCID: PMC6337816 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5239-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Podoplanin (PDPN) is a mucin-type transmembrane glycoprotein specific to the lymphatic system. PDPN expression has been found in various human tumors and is considered to be a marker of cancer. We had previously shown that PDPN expression contributes to carcinogenesis in the TPC1 papillary thyroid cancer-derived cell line by enhancing cell migration and invasiveness. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PDPN down-regulation in another thyroid cancer-derived cell line: BcPAP. Methods In order to determine the effects of PDPN on malignant features of BcPAP cells (harboring the BRAFV600E mutated allele) and TPC1 cells (carrying the RET/PTC1 rearrangement), we silenced PDPN in these cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The efficacy of PDPN silencing was confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Then, we tested the motility and invasiveness of these cells (using scratch test and Transwell assay), their growth capacities F(cell cycle analysis, viability, clonogenic activity) and apoptosis assays), adhesion-independent colony-formation capacities, as well as the effect of PDPN silencing on MMPs expression and activity (zymography). Results We found that PDPN-induced cell phenotype depended on the genetic background of thyroid tumor cells. PDPN down-regulation in BcPAP cells was negatively correlated with the migration and invasion, in contrast to TPC1 cells in which PDPN depletion resulted in enhanced migration and invasiveness. Moreover, our results suggest that in BcPAP cells, PDPN may be involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through regulating the expression of the ezrin, radixin and moesin (E/R/M) proteins, MMPs 9 and MMP2, remodeling of actin cytoskeleton and cellular protrusions. We also demonstrated that PDPN expression is associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. The inhibition of the MAPK pathway resulted in a decreased PDPN expression, increased E/R/M phosphorylation and reduced cell migration. Additionally, PDPN depleted BcPAP cells treated with inhibitors of MEK1/2 kinases (U0126) or of the BRAF V600E protein (PLX4720) had reduced motility, similar to that previously observed in TPC1 cells after PDPN knock-down. Conclusions Altogether, our data suggest that PDPN may play an important role in the control of invasion and migration of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells in association with the E/R/M, MMPs and MAPK kinases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5239-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Sikorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Gaweł
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Domek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Czarnocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland.
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157
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Ariizumi T, Kawashima H, Hatano H, Yamagishi T, Oike N, Sasaki T, Umezu H, Xu Y, Endo N, Ogose A. Osteoinduction and Osteoconduction with Porous Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Implanted after Fibular Resection in Humans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2019.103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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158
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Schito L. Hypoxia-Dependent Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1136:71-85. [PMID: 31201717 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12734-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia (low O2) is a ubiquitous feature of solid cancers, arising as a mismatch between cellular O2 supply and consumption. Hypoxia is associated to metastatic disease and mortality owing to its ability to stimulate the formation of blood (angiogenesis) and lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis), thereby allowing cancer cells to escape the unfavorable tumor microenvironment and disseminate into secondary sites. This review outlines molecular mechanisms by which intratumoral hypoxia regulates the expression of motogenic and mitogenic factors that induce angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, whilst discussing their implications for metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Schito
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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159
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Kato Y, Yamada S, Itai S, Kobayashi A, Konnai S, Kaneko MK. Immunohistochemical Detection of Sheep Podoplanin Using an Antibovine Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody PMab-44. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2018; 37:265-268. [PMID: 30570359 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2018.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) obtained from various animal species has been characterized using specific anti-PDPN monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), namely, PMab-1, PMab-2, PMab-32, PMab-38, PMab-44, and PMab-52 against mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, bovine, and cat PDPN, respectively. PDPN is expressed in type I alveolar cells in lungs, lymphatic endothelial cells, and kidney podocytes. In this study, we investigated possible cross-reactions between anti-PDPN mAbs and sheep PDPN. Type I alveolar cells from sheep lung were strongly detected by PMab-44 using immunohistochemical analyses. These results indicate that PMab-44 may be useful for the detection of sheep PDPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinari Kato
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan .,2 New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- 3 Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- 4 Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan .,5 Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
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160
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Kato Y, Yamada S, Itai S, Konnai S, Kobayashi A, Kaneko MK. Detection of Alpaca Podoplanin by Immunohistochemistry Using the Antibovine Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody PMab-44. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2018; 37:269-271. [PMID: 30570440 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2018.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) is expressed in type I alveolar cells of the lungs, lymphatic endothelial cells, and podocytes of the kidneys, and induces platelet aggregation through the C-type lectin-like receptor-2. PDPNs of various animal species have been characterized using specific anti-PDPN monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, alpaca PDPN has not previously been characterized because antialpaca PDPN mAbs have not yet been developed. In this study, we investigated the potential cross-reaction between established antibovine PDPN mAbs and alpaca PDPN. Using immunohistochemical analysis, type I alveolar cells of the alpaca lungs were detected by the antibovine PDPN mAb, PMab-44. These results indicate that PMab-44 may be useful for the detection of alpaca PDPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinari Kato
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan .,2 New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoru Konnai
- 3 Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan .,4 Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- 5 Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
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161
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Breslin JW, Yang Y, Scallan JP, Sweat RS, Adderley SP, Murfee WL. Lymphatic Vessel Network Structure and Physiology. Compr Physiol 2018; 9:207-299. [PMID: 30549020 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is comprised of a network of vessels interrelated with lymphoid tissue, which has the holistic function to maintain the local physiologic environment for every cell in all tissues of the body. The lymphatic system maintains extracellular fluid homeostasis favorable for optimal tissue function, removing substances that arise due to metabolism or cell death, and optimizing immunity against bacteria, viruses, parasites, and other antigens. This article provides a comprehensive review of important findings over the past century along with recent advances in the understanding of the anatomy and physiology of lymphatic vessels, including tissue/organ specificity, development, mechanisms of lymph formation and transport, lymphangiogenesis, and the roles of lymphatics in disease. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:207-299, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome W Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Joshua P Scallan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Richard S Sweat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Tampa, Louisiana, USA
| | - Shaquria P Adderley
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Walter L Murfee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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162
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Chen Y, Keskin D, Sugimoto H, Kanasaki K, Phillips PE, Bizarro L, Sharpe A, LeBleu VS, Kalluri R. Podoplanin+ tumor lymphatics are rate limiting for breast cancer metastasis. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2005907. [PMID: 30592710 PMCID: PMC6310240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2005907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination employs both the blood and lymphatic vascular systems. Solid tumors dynamically remodel and generate both vessel types during cancer progression. Lymphatic vessel invasion and cancer cells in the tumor-draining lymph nodes (LNs) are prognostic markers for breast cancer metastasis and patient outcome, and tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis likely influences metastasis. Deregulated tumor tissue fluid homeostasis and immune trafficking associated with tumor lymphangiogenesis may contribute to metastatic spreading; however, the precise functional characterization of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in tumors is challenged by the lack of specific reagents to decipher their rate-limiting role in metastasis. Therefore, we generated novel transgenic mice (PDPN promoter-driven Cre recombinase transgene [PDPN-Cre] and PDPN promoter-driven thymidine kinase transgene [PDPN-tk]) that allow for the identification and genetically controlled depletion of proliferating podoplanin (Pdpn)-expressing LECs. We demonstrate that suppression of lymphangiogenesis is successfully achieved in lymphangioma lesions induced in the PDPN-tk mice. In multiple metastatic breast cancer mouse models, we identified distinct roles for LECs in primary and metastatic tumors. Our findings support the functional contribution of primary tumor lymphangiogenesis in controlling metastasis to axillary LNs and lung parenchyma. Reduced lymphatic vessel density enhanced primary tumor lymphedema and increased the frequency of intratumoral macrophages but was not associated with a significant impact on primary tumor growth despite a marked reduction in metastatic dissemination. Our findings identify the rate-limiting contribution of the breast tumor lymphatic vessels for lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Doruk Keskin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hikaru Sugimoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Patricia E. Phillips
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lauren Bizarro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Arlene Sharpe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Valerie S. LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Division of Matrix Biology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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163
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Kaposi Sarcoma and Cutaneous Angiosarcoma: Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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164
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Lin JD, Liou MJ, Hsu HL, Leong KK, Chen YT, Wang YR, Hung WS, Lee HY, Tsai HJ, Tseng CP. Circulating Epithelial Cell Characterization and Correlation with Remission and Survival in Patients with Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2018; 28:1479-1489. [PMID: 30221579 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2017.0639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine tumor and generally has relatively good clinical outcomes. However, 15-20% of patients ultimately develop recurrence or disease-related death. The appropriate prognostic factors for thyroid cancer are still elusive. This study evaluated whether the number of circulating tumor cells/circulating epithelial cells (CECs) expressing either epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), podoplanin (PDPN), or thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) is related to remission and disease-specific mortality (DSM) of patients with thyroid cancer. METHODS Blood samples were collected from patients (n = 128) after thyroidectomy or radioactive iodide therapy. CECs were enriched by lysis of red blood cells and depletion of leukocytes. Subtyping and quantification of the enriched cells were performed with immunofluorescence staining using antibodies against EpCAM, TSHR, and PDPN, respectively. Whether the number of a specific subtype of CECs is related to remission and DSM of patients was determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The EpCAM+-CECs, TSHR+-CECs, and PDPN+-CECs counts for patients in the non-remission group (n = 43) were significantly higher when compared to the remission group (n = 85; p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the number of EpCAM+-CECs, TSHR+-CECs, and PDPN+-CECs was able to distinguish the status of remission from non-remission. The cutoff point for EpCAM+-CECs, TSHR+-CECs, and PDPN+-CECs was 40, 47, and 14 (cells/mL), with the accuracy of the assay equivalent to 80.4%, 76.6%, and 77.3%, respectively. On the other hand, the number of EpCAM+-CECs (p < 0.001), PDPN+-CECs (p = 0.013), and TSHR+-CECs (p < 0.001) for patients in the DSM group (n = 17) was significantly higher when compared to the patients who survived (n = 111). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that EpCAM+-CECs, TSHR+-CECs, and PDPN+-CECs counts were able to distinguish mortality from survival status. The cutoff point for EpCAM+-CECs, TSHR+-CECs, and PDPN+-CECs was 27, 25, and 9 (cells/mL), with the accuracy of the assay equivalent to 69.5%, 67.2%, and 68.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CEC testing is a useful tool for analysis of overall survival and remission status of patients with thyroid cancer. Implementation of CEC testing into routine clinical test may be worthy to consider for patient clinical care.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Child
- Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/metabolism
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- Receptors, Thyrotropin/metabolism
- Survival Rate
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/metabolism
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/mortality
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery
- Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolism
- Thyroid Neoplasms/mortality
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery
- Thyroidectomy
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Der Lin
- 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Miaw-Jene Liou
- 1 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsueh-Ling Hsu
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kong-Kit Leong
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ru Wang
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Shan Hung
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsing-Ying Lee
- 3 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine; Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- 2 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science and Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- 3 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine; Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- 4 Molecular Medicine Research Center; Chang Gung University , Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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165
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Yamada S, Itai S, Furusawa Y, Sano M, Nakamura T, Yanaka M, Handa S, Hisamatsu K, Nakamura Y, Fukui M, Harada H, Mizuno T, Sakai Y, Ogasawara S, Murata T, Uchida H, Tahara H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Detection of Tiger Podoplanin Using the Anti-Cat Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody PMab-52. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2018; 37:224-228. [DOI: 10.1089/mab.2018.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamada
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Furusawa
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- ZENOAQ RESOURCE CO., LTD., Koriyama, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Saori Handa
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kayo Hisamatsu
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogasawara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Inage, Japan
| | - Takeshi Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Inage, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Uchida
- Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tahara
- Project Division of Cancer Biomolecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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166
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Zhang Y, Bai Y, Jing Q, Qian J. Functions and Regeneration of Mature Cardiac Lymphatic Vessels in Atherosclerosis, Myocardial Infarction, and Heart Failure. Lymphat Res Biol 2018; 16:507-515. [PMID: 30339474 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2018.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac lymphatic vessels play a vital role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis both under physiological and pathological conditions. Clearer illustration of the anatomy of cardiac lymphatics has been achieved by fluorescence exhibition comparing to dye injection. Besides, identification of specific lymphatic markers in recent decades paves the way for researches in development and regeneration of cardiac lymphatics, such as VEGF-C/VEGFR-3, EphB4/ephrin-B2, Prox-1, Podoplanin, and Lyve-1. Knocking out each of these markers in mice model also reveals the signaling pathways instructing the formation of cardiac lymphatics. In the major cardiovascular disease series of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure, cardiac lymphatics regulate the transportation of extravasated proteins and lipids, inflammatory and immune responses, as well as fluid balance. Elementary intervention methods, such as lymphatic factor protein injection VEGF-C, are applied in murine MI models to restore or enhance functions of lymphatic vessels, achieving improvements in cardiac function. Also, data from our laboratory showed that intramyocardial EphB4 injection also improved lymphatic regeneration in mouse MI model. Therefore, we believe that enhancing functions and regeneration of mature cardiac lymphatic vessels in cardiovascular diseases is of great potential therapeutic meaning in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingnan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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167
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Requena C, Alsina M, Morgado-Carrasco D, Cruz J, Sanmartín O, Serra-Guillén C, Llombart B. Kaposi Sarcoma and Cutaneous Angiosarcoma: Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2018; 109:878-887. [PMID: 30262126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma is a vascular sarcoma with 4 clinical variants: classic Kaposi sarcoma, which mainly affect the extremities of elderly patients and follows a chronic, generally indolent course; African Kaposi sarcoma; immunosuppression-associated Kaposi sarcoma; and AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma. Type8 human herpesvirus is the etiologic agent in all 4variants. Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a cutaneous neoplasm with a very poor prognosis. It carries a high probability of local relapse and has a 10% to 15% survival rate at 5years. There are 3 main variants of cutaneous angiosarcoma: idiopathic angiosarcoma of the face and scalp; Stewart-Treves syndrome; and postradiation angiosarcoma. The only potentially curative treatment is surgery with or without radiotherapy. However, its indistinct borders and multicentric nature mean that treatment is often palliative with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Requena
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España
| | - M Alsina
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - D Morgado-Carrasco
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - J Cruz
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España
| | - O Sanmartín
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España
| | - C Serra-Guillén
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España
| | - B Llombart
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España.
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168
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A safety study of newly generated anti-podoplanin-neutralizing antibody in cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis). Oncotarget 2018; 9:33322-33336. [PMID: 30279963 PMCID: PMC6161800 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematogenous metastases are enhanced by platelet aggregation induced by tumor cell-platelet interaction. Podoplanin is a key molecule to enhance the platelet aggregation and interacts with C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) on platelet via PLAG domains. Our previous reports have shown that blocking podoplanin binding to platelets by neutralizing antibody specific to PLAG4 domain strongly reduces hematogenous metastasis. However, podoplanin is expressed in a variety of normal tissues such as lymphatic vessels and the question remains whether treatment of tumors with anti-podoplanin neutralizing antibodies would be toxic. Monkeys are the most suitable species for that purpose. PLAG3 and PLAG4 domains had high homology among various monkey species and human. PLAG domain deleted mutants were indicated that monkey PLAG4 domain played a more crucial role in podoplanin-induced platelet aggregation than did the PLAG3 domain as in human. Moreover, newly established neutralizing antibodies (1F6, 2F7, and 3F4) targeting the monkey PLAG4 domain blocked interaction between monkey podoplanin and CLEC-2. Especially, the 2F7 neutralizing antibody strongly suppressed platelet aggregation and pulmonary metastasis. Furthermore, inhibiting podoplanin function with 2F7 neutralizing antibody exhibited no acute toxicity in cynomolgus monkeys. Our results suggested that targeting podoplanin with specific neutralizing antibodies may be an effective anticancer treatment.
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169
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Furusawa Y, Yamada S, Itai S, Nakamura T, Fukui M, Harada H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Elucidation of Critical Epitope of Anti-Rat Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody PMab-2. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2018; 37:188-193. [PMID: 30088964 PMCID: PMC6121180 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2018.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat podoplanin (rPDPN) is a recognized lymphatic endothelial cell marker and is expressed on the podocytes of kidney and type I lung alveolar cells. rPDPN is a type I transmembrane sialoglycoprotein and induces platelet aggregation via the C-type lectin-like receptor-2 of platelets. It comprises four platelet aggregation-stimulating (PLAG) domains: PLAG1–3, present in the N-terminus, and PLAG4, in the center of the PDPN protein. Previously, we developed a mouse anti-rPDPN monoclonal antibody clone, PMab-2, by immunizing the PLAG2 and PLAG3 domains of rPDPN. PMab-2 has applications in Western blot, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemical analyses for detection of both normal and cancer cells. However, the binding epitope of PMab-2 remains to be determined. Herein, we investigated the epitope of PMab-2 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical analysis, and flow cytometry. The results revealed that the critical epitope of PMab-2 is Leu46 and Glu47 of rPDPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Furusawa
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan .,2 New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan .,3 ZENOAQ RESOURCE CO., LTD. , Koriyama, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Itai
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan .,4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuro Nakamura
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Harada
- 4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- 1 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan .,2 New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan
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170
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Schineis P, Runge P, Halin C. Cellular traffic through afferent lymphatic vessels. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 112:31-41. [PMID: 30092362 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system has long been known to serve as a highway for migrating leukocytes from peripheral tissue to draining lymph nodes (dLNs) and back to circulation, thereby contributing to the induction of adaptive immunity and immunesurveillance. Lymphatic vessels (LVs) present in peripheral tissues upstream of a first dLN are generally referred to as afferent LVs. In contrast to migration through blood vessels (BVs), the detailed molecular and cellular requirements of cellular traffic through afferent LVs have only recently started to be unraveled. Progress in our ability to track the migration of lymph-borne cell populations, in combination with cutting-edge imaging technologies, nowadays allows the investigation and visualization of lymphatic migration of endogenous leukocytes, both at the population and at the single-cell level. These studies have revealed that leukocyte trafficking through afferent LVs generally follows a step-wise migration pattern, relying on the active interplay of numerous molecules. In this review, we will summarize and discuss current knowledge of cellular traffic through afferent LVs. We will first outline how the structure of the afferent LV network supports leukocyte migration and highlight important molecules involved in the migration of dendritic cells (DCs), T cells and neutrophils, i.e. the most prominent cell types trafficking through afferent LVs. Additionally, we will describe how tumor cells hijack the lymphatic system for their dissemination to draining LNs. Finally, we will summarize and discuss our current understanding of the functional significance as well as the therapeutic implications of cell traffic through afferent LVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Runge
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
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171
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Xu S, Yang J, Xu S, Zhu Y, Zhang C, Liu L, Liu H, Dong Y, Teng Z, Xing X. Lymphatic vessel density as a prognostic indicator in Asian NSCLC patients: a meta-analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:128. [PMID: 30081883 PMCID: PMC6091207 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0702-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the association of lymphatic vessel density (LVD) with the prognosis of Asian non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients via a meta-analysis. METHODS Eligible studies were selected by searching PubMed and EMBASE from inception to July 25, 2017. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also consulted. The information was independently screened by two authors. When heterogeneity was significant, a random-effects model was used to determine overall pooled risk estimates. RESULTS A total of 15 studies with 1075 patients were finally included in the meta-analysis. LVD was positively associated with the prognosis of NSCLC in the overall analysis (hazard ratio (HR) 1.14, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.02-1.27, p = 0.000, I2 = 73.2%). Subgroup analyses were performed on 5 VEGFR-3 groups (p = 0.709, I2 = 0.0%), 3 LYVE-1 groups (p = 0.01, I2 = 86.4%), 5 D2-40 groups (p = 0.019, I2 = 66.2%), and 2 podoplanin groups (p = 0.094, I2 = 64.5%). Sensitivity analysis indicated robust results. There was no publication bias. CONCLUSIONS LVD is an indicator of poor prognosis in Asian NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglan Xu
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, No. 245, East Renmin Road, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuangyan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, 653100, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, No. 245, East Renmin Road, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, China
| | - Liqiong Liu
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, No. 245, East Renmin Road, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, China
| | - Hao Liu
- The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, 653100, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunlong Dong
- The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, 653100, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, 653100, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiqian Xing
- First Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, No. 245, East Renmin Road, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, China.
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172
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Sun RW, Tuchin VV, Zharov VP, Galanzha EI, Richter GT. Current status, pitfalls and future directions in the diagnosis and therapy of lymphatic malformation. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201700124. [PMID: 28851128 PMCID: PMC11184539 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic malformations are complex congenital vascular lesions composed of dilated, abnormal lymphatic channels of varying size that can result in significant esthetic and physical impairment due to relentless growth. Lymphatic malformations comprised of micro-lymphatic channels (microcystic) integrate and infiltrate normal soft tissue, leading to a locally invasive mass. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging assist in the diagnosis but are unable to detect microvasculature present in microcystic lymphatic malformations. In this review, we examine existing tools and elaborate on alternative diagnostic methods in assessing lymphatic malformations. In particular, photoacoustics, low-toxicity nanoparticles and optical clearing can overcome existing challenges in the examination of lymphatic channels in vivo. In combination with photothermal scanning and flow cytometry, Photoacoustic techniques may provide a versatile tool for lymphatic-related clinical applications, potentially leading to a single diagnostic and therapeutic platform to overcome limitations in current imaging techniques and permit targeted theranostics of microcystic lymphatic malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi W. Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Valery V. Tuchin
- Research-Educational Institute of Optics and Biophotonics, Saratov National Research State University, Saratov, Russia
- Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Femtomedicine, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir P. Zharov
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Ekaterina I. Galanzha
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Arkansas Nanomedicine Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Laboratory of Lymphatic Research, Diagnosis and Therapy (LLDT), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Gresham T. Richter
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, Arkansas
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173
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Ma W, Oliver G. Lymphatic Endothelial Cell Plasticity in Development and Disease. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 32:444-452. [PMID: 29021364 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00015.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature is crucial for maintaining tissue-fluid homeostasis, providing immune surveillance and mediating lipid absorption. The lymphatic vasculature is tightly associated with the blood vasculature, although it exhibits distinct morphological and functional features. Endothelial cells (ECs) lineage fate specification is determined during embryonic development; however, accumulating evidence suggests that differentiated ECs exhibit remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms promoting lymphatic cell fate specification in the mammalian embryo. We also summarize available data suggesting that lymphatic EC fate is reprogrammable in normal and pathological settings. We further discuss the possible advantages of cell fate manipulation to treat certain disorders associated with lymphatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanshu Ma
- Center for Vascular & Developmental Biology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guillermo Oliver
- Center for Vascular & Developmental Biology, Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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174
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de Vilhena AF, das Neves Pereira JC, Parra ER, Balancin ML, Ab Saber A, Martins V, Farhat C, Abrantes MM, de Campos JRM, Tedde ML, Takagaki T, Capelozzi VL. Histomorphometric evaluation of the Ki-67 proliferation rate and CD34 microvascular and D2-40 lymphovascular densities drives the pulmonary typical carcinoid outcome. Hum Pathol 2018; 81:201-210. [PMID: 30031097 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ki-67 has shown promise as a prognostic factor in pulmonary carcinoids. In this study, we sought to validate the importance of Ki-67 and study the relationships between Ki-67 and other stromal biomarkers of vascular density. We examined Ki-67, CD34, and D2-40 in tumor tissues from 128 patients with surgically excised typical carcinoid of the lung. We used immunohistochemistry and morphometry to evaluate the amount of tumor staining for cellular proliferation (Ki-67), microvascular density (CD34-MVD), and D2-40 lymphovascular density. The main outcome was overall survival, considered as life expectancy until death from metastasis. Specimens from patients with central tumors showed high CD34-MVD (P = .01), which was also significantly associated with a compromised surgical margin, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage Ib. Equally significant was high D2-40 lymphovascular density in central specimens with a compromised surgical margin and lymph node metastasis. A high Ki-67 proliferation rate was significantly associated with tumors from patients with clinical stage IIb, IIIa, and IV disease. Multivariate Cox model analysis demonstrated that tumor location and stage, surgical margin, tumor size, and N stage were significantly related to survival time (P < .05). Quantitative staining of the tumor for Ki-67 and CD34-MVD served as prognostic factors (P < .05), which were more relevant than the surgical and pathological stage. Ki-67 greater than 5% and CD34-MVD greater than 7% staining comprise a subset of patients with higher death hazard; this outcome may harbor evidence for further prospective studies of target therapy after surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edwin Roger Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marcelo Luiz Balancin
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Ab Saber
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Martins
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Farhat
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | | | | | - Miguel Lia Tedde
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heart Institute (Incor), São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Teresa Takagaki
- Division of Pneumology, Heart Institute (Incor), Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Vera Luiza Capelozzi
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histomorphometry, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil.
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175
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Fochtmann-Frana A, Haymerle G, Schachner H, Pammer J, Loewe R, Kerjaschki D, Perisanidis C, Erovic BM. Expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 in Merkel cell carcinoma is linked to advanced disease. Clin Otolaryngol 2018; 43:1335-1344. [PMID: 29992788 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether the expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15) in primary tumour specimens predicts lymph node metastasis and subsequently clinical outcome in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients. METHODS A retrospective medical chart review of 33 patients was performed between 1994 and 2014. Eleven out of 33 (33%) Patients with primary MCC stages I and II were categorised as group I. Twenty two out of 33 (67%) Patients with regional lymph node metastases and/or distant metastases were defined as group II. All available tumour samples were immunostained for ALOX15, Podoplanin and MCPyV large T-protein antibody. RESULTS ALOX15 expression was observed in 19/23 (83%) primary tumour samples and in all lymph node metastasis. Primary tumours in patients with stage III and IV disease showed a higher expression rate of ALOX15 compared to patients with early stage disease (11/12 (92%) and 8/11 (73%), respectively). In group I, five patients (45%) were MCPyV positive, whereas in group II, 15 patients (68%) were MCPyV positive. The median lymphatic vessel density in ALOX15 negative group I primary tumour samples was lower compared to the median lymphatic vessel density in ALOX15 positive group I primary tumour probes (2.7 range, 1-4.3 vs 4.7 range, 4.0-7.3). Furthermore, all 17 samples of MCC metastases showed ALOX15 expression with a median lymphatic vessel density (not lymph node metastases) of 5.3 (range 2.0-7.3). CONCLUSION In the current study, we were able to show ALOX15 expression in the primary MCC sample and the metastasis sample. Based on the findings of the current study, expression rate of ALOX15 in primary MCC and metastases is possibly linked to an increased lymphatic vessel density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Fochtmann-Frana
- Department Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Surgery, Clinical Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Haymerle
- Department Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helga Schachner
- Medical University of Vienna, Clinical Department of Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Pammer
- Medical University of Vienna, Clinical Department of Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Loewe
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dontscho Kerjaschki
- Medical University of Vienna, Clinical Department of Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christos Perisanidis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Boban M Erovic
- Department Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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176
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Epitope mapping of anti-mouse podoplanin monoclonal antibody PMab-1. Biochem Biophys Rep 2018; 15:52-56. [PMID: 29998193 PMCID: PMC6039309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse podoplanin (mPDPN) is a type I transmembrane sialoglycoprotein, which is expressed on lymphatic endothelial cells, podocytes of the kidney, and type I alveolar cells of the lung. mPDPN is known as a platelet aggregation-inducing factor and possesses four platelet aggregation-stimulating (PLAG) domains: PLAG1, PLAG2, and PLAG3 in the N-terminus and PLAG4 in the middle of the mPDPN protein. mPDPN overexpression in cancers has been reportedly associated with hematogenous metastasis through interaction with the C-type lectin-like receptor 2 of platelets. We previously reported a rat anti-mPDPN monoclonal antibody clone PMab-1, which was developed by immunizing the PLAG2 and PLAG3 domains of mPDPN. PMab-1 is very useful in flow cytometry, western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses to detect both normal cells and cancers. However, the binding epitope of PMab-1 remains to be clarified. In the present study, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemical analyses were utilized to investigate the epitope of PMab-1. The results revealed that the critical epitope of PMab-1 is Asp39 and Met41 of mPDPN. These findings can be applied to the production of more functional anti-mPDPN monoclonal antibodies. Sensitive and specific anti-mPDPN mAb, PMab-1 was previously established. PMab-1 is useful in flow cytometry, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. The critical epitope of PMab-1 was determined to be Asp39 and Met41 of mPDPN. PMab-1 reaction was neutralized by epitope peptide of mPDPN.
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177
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Preparation of Anti-Human Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody and its application in Immunohistochemical Diagnosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10162. [PMID: 29976954 PMCID: PMC6033854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN), a 38 kDa transmembrane sialoglycoprotein from human, is expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells but not in vascular endothelial cells, and has been considered as a specific marker of lymph. In this study, the gene encoding the extracellular part of PDPN (ePDPN) was synthesized and used to expressed fusion protein ePDPN-His and GST-ePDPN, respectively, in E.coli. The purified GST-ePDPN fusion protein was mixed with QuickAntibody-Mouse5W adjuvant to immune mice, and the antiserum titer was determined by indirect ELISA. A stable cell line named 5B3 generating anti-PDPN monoclonal antibody (mAb) was obtained by hybridoma technology. The isotype of 5B3 cell line was IgG2b, and the chromosome number was 102 ± 4. The 5B3 mAb was purified successfully from ascites fluid through Protein G column, and its affinity constant was 2.94 × 108 L/mol. Besides, excellent specificity of the 5B3 mAb was further demonstrated in ELISA, western blot and immunohistochemistry experiments, suggesting that 5B3 mAb displays similar application value to D2-40, a commercial available antibody. Hence, the current study provides conclusive guidelines for preparation of other mAbs and their applications in immunohistochemistry diagnosis.
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178
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Jha SK, Rauniyar K, Jeltsch M. Key molecules in lymphatic development, function, and identification. Ann Anat 2018; 219:25-34. [PMID: 29842991 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While both blood and lymphatic vessels transport fluids and thus share many similarities, they also show functional and structural differences, which can be used to differentiate them. Specific visualization of lymphatic vessels has historically been and still is a pivot point in lymphatic research. Many of the proteins that are investigated by molecular biologists in lymphatic research have been defined as marker molecules, i.e. to visualize and distinguish lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from other cell types, most notably from blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) and cells of the hematopoietic lineage. Among the factors that drive the developmental differentiation of lymphatic structures from venous endothelium, Prospero homeobox protein 1 (PROX1) is the master transcriptional regulator. PROX1 maintains lymphatic identity also in the adult organism and thus is a universal LEC marker. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) is the major tyrosine kinase receptor that drives LEC proliferation and migration. The major activator for VEGFR-3 is vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). However, before VEGF-C can signal, it needs to be proteolytically activated by an extracellular protein complex comprised of Collagen and calcium binding EGF domains 1 (CCBE1) protein and the protease A disintegrin and metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 3 (ADAMTS3). This minireview attempts to give an overview of these and a few other central proteins that scientific inquiry has linked specifically to the lymphatic vasculature. It is limited in scope to a brief description of their main functions, properties and developmental roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawan Kumar Jha
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Khushbu Rauniyar
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Jeltsch
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland; Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Finland.
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179
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Tadeo I, Gamero-Sandemetrio E, Berbegall AP, Gironella M, Ritort F, Cañete A, Bueno G, Navarro S, Noguera R. Lymph microvascularization as a prognostic indicator in neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26157-26170. [PMID: 29899849 PMCID: PMC5995242 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid pediatric cancer and causes approximately 15% of all childhood deaths from cancer. Although lymphatic vasculature is a prerequisite for the maintenance of tissue fluid balance and immunity in the body, little is known about the relationship between lymphatic vascularization and prognosis in neuroblastoma. We used our previously-published custom-designed tool to close open-outline vessels and measure the density, size and shape of all lymphatic vessels and microvascular segments in 332 primary neuroblastoma contained in tissue microarrays. The results were correlated with clinical and biological features of known prognostic value and with risk of progression to establish histological lymphatic vascular patterns associated with unfavorable histology. A high proportion of irregular intermediate lymphatic capillaries and irregular small collector vessels were present in tumors from patients with metastatic stage, undifferentiating neuroblasts and/or classified in the high risk. In addition, a higher lymphatic microvascularization density was found to be predictive of overall survival. Our findings show the crucial role of lymphatic vascularization in metastatic development and maintenance of tumor tissue homeostasis. These patterns may therefore help to indicate more accurate pre-treatment risk stratification and could provide candidate targets for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Tadeo
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Gamero-Sandemetrio
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana P Berbegall
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gironella
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Ritort
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gloria Bueno
- VISILAB, E.T.S.I. Industriales, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Samuel Navarro
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Noguera
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
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180
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Mitteldorf C, Llamas-Velasco M, Schulze HJ, Thoms KM, Mentzel T, Tronnier M, Kutzner H. Deceptively bland cutaneous angiosarcoma on the nose mimicking hemangioma-A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis. J Cutan Pathol 2018; 45:652-658. [PMID: 29766535 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated 2 cases of deceptively bland cutaneous angiosarcoma (AS), which showed a uniform clinical presentation with a rapidly growing tumor on the nose. It remains unclear whether this was a primary cutaneous manifestation or a metastasis. Both tumors initially presented a high histologic overlap with a benign vascular tumor. The diagnosis was primarily based on the rapidly progressing clinical course and on the results of the staging procedures. METHODS Immunohistochemical stains were performed for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3 and MNF116), CD31, ERG, CD34 (HPCA1/my10), D2-40/podoplanin, LYVE-1, Ki67, PHH3, αSMA (1A4), MYC, FOS-B, CAMTA-1, TFE-3, WT1, nestin, VEGFR-2(KDR), VEGFR-3(FLT4), HHV8. MYC amplification was also investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS The tumor cells were negative for MYC and revealed no D2-40/podoplanin expression. SMA-positive pericytes formed rims around the vessel. The proliferative activity (Ki-67) was elevated, in one case only in a later stage. DISCUSSION Cutaneous ASs can be rather bland and may easily be mistaken for benign vascular tumors. Both cases presented a uniform clinical picture, which implied a malignant vascular tumor. In contrast, the cytomorphology of the endothelial cells and the immunohistochemical profile were not suspicious. We worked out subtle histological criteria, which should allow an early detection of such tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mitteldorf
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, HELIOS-Klinikum Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
- Clinic of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad, Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Schulze
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad, Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Fachklinik Hornheide, Münster, Germany
| | - Kai-Martin Thoms
- Clinic of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Mentzel
- Dermatopathologie Friedrichshafen, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - Michael Tronnier
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, HELIOS-Klinikum Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Heinz Kutzner
- Dermatopathologie Friedrichshafen, Friedrichshafen, Germany
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181
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Kim PM, Lee JJ, Choi D, Eoh H, Hong YK. Endothelial lineage-specific interaction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the blood and lymphatic systems. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2018; 111:1-7. [PMID: 30029892 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has plagued humanity for tens of thousands of years, yet still remains a threat to human health. Its pathology is largely associated with pulmonary tuberculosis with symptoms including fever, hemoptysis, and chest pain. Mtb, however, also manifests in other extrapulmonary organs, such as the pleura, bones, gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, and lymph nodes. Compared to the knowledge of pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary pathologies of Mtb are quite understudied. Lymph node tuberculosis is one of the most common extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis, and presents significant challenges in its diagnosis, management, and treatment due to its elusive etiologies and pathologies. The objective of this review is to overview the current understanding of the tropism and pathogenesis of Mtb in endothelial cells of the extrapulmonary tissues, particularly, in lymph nodes. Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are derived from blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) during development, and these two types of endothelial cells demonstrate substantial molecular, cellular and genetic similarities. Therefore, systemic comparison of the differential and common responses of BECs vs. LECs to Mtb invasion could provide new insights into its pathogenesis, and may promote new investigations into this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Kim
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jae-Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dongwon Choi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Young-Kwon Hong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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182
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Novel Method to Detect Corneal Lymphatic Vessels In Vivo by Intrastromal Injection of Fluorescein. Cornea 2018; 37:267-271. [PMID: 29135605 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Corneal lymphatic vessels are clinically invisible because of their thin walls and clear lymph fluid. There is no easy and established method for in vivo imaging of corneal lymphatic vessels so far. In this study, we present a novel approach to visualize corneal lymphatic vessels in vivo by injecting intrastromal fluorescein sodium. METHODS Six- to eight-week-old female BALB/c mice were used in the mouse model of suture-induced corneal neovascularization. Two weeks after the suture placement, fluorescein sodium was injected intrastromally. The fluorescein, taken up by the presumed lymphatic vessels, was then tracked using a clinically used Spectralis HRA + OCT device. Immunohistochemistry staining with specific lymphatic marker LYVE-1 and pan-endothelial marker CD31 was used to confirm the indirect lymphangiography findings. RESULTS By injecting fluorescein intrastromally, both corneal blood and lymphatic vessels were detected. While the lymphatic vessels were visible as bright vessel-like structures using HRA, the blood vessels appeared as dark networks. Fluorescein-labeled lymphatic vessels were colocalized with LYVE-1 in immunohistochemically stained sections of the same specimen. CONCLUSIONS Corneal lymphatic vessels can be easily imaged in vivo in the murine model using intrastromal fluorescein injection.
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183
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Brown M, Johnson LA, Leone DA, Majek P, Vaahtomeri K, Senfter D, Bukosza N, Schachner H, Asfour G, Langer B, Hauschild R, Parapatics K, Hong YK, Bennett KL, Kain R, Detmar M, Sixt M, Jackson DG, Kerjaschki D. Lymphatic exosomes promote dendritic cell migration along guidance cues. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:2205-2221. [PMID: 29650776 PMCID: PMC5987709 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201612051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation stimulates lymphatic endothelial cells to release exosomes, which accumulate in the perivascular stroma. Brown et al. show that these exosomes promote the directional migration of dendritic cells along guidance cues in complex environments by enhancing dynamic cellular protrusions in a CX3CL1-dependent manner. Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) release extracellular chemokines to guide the migration of dendritic cells. In this study, we report that LECs also release basolateral exosome-rich endothelial vesicles (EEVs) that are secreted in greater numbers in the presence of inflammatory cytokines and accumulate in the perivascular stroma of small lymphatic vessels in human chronic inflammatory diseases. Proteomic analyses of EEV fractions identified >1,700 cargo proteins and revealed a dominant motility-promoting protein signature. In vitro and ex vivo EEV fractions augmented cellular protrusion formation in a CX3CL1/fractalkine-dependent fashion and enhanced the directional migratory response of human dendritic cells along guidance cues. We conclude that perilymphatic LEC exosomes enhance exploratory behavior and thus promote directional migration of CX3CR1-expressing cells in complex tissue environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Brown
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Science and Technology, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Louise A Johnson
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Dario A Leone
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Majek
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kari Vaahtomeri
- Institute of Science and Technology, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Senfter
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nora Bukosza
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helga Schachner
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Asfour
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Langer
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Katja Parapatics
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Young-Kwon Hong
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Keiryn L Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kain
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - David G Jackson
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UK
| | - Dontscho Kerjaschki
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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184
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Abstract
Tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation facilitates hematogenous metastasis by promoting tumor embolization, preventing immunological assaults and shear stress, and the platelet-releasing growth factors support tumor growth and invasion. Podoplanin, also known as Aggrus, is a type I transmembrane mucin-like glycoprotein and is expressed on wide range of tumor cells. Podoplanin has a role in platelet aggregation and metastasis formation through the binding to its platelet receptor, C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2). The podoplanin research was originally started from the cloning of highly metastatic NL-17 subclone from mouse colon 26 cancer cell line and from the establishment of 8F11 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that could neutralize NL-17-induced platelet aggregation and hematogenous metastasis. Later on, podoplanin was identified as the antigen of 8F11 mAb, and its ectopic expression brought to cells the platelet-aggregating abilities and hematogenous metastasis phenotypes. From the 8F11 mAb recognition epitopes, podoplanin is found to contain tandemly repeated, highly conserved motifs, designated platelet aggregation-stimulating (PLAG) domains. Series of analyses using the cells expressing the mutants and the established neutralizing anti-podoplanin mAbs uncovered that both PLAG3 and PLAG4 domains are associated with the CLEC-2 binding. The neutralizing mAbs targeting PLAG3 or PLAG4 could suppress podoplanin-induced platelet aggregation and hematogenous metastasis through inhibiting the podoplanin–CLEC-2 binding. Therefore, these domains are certainly functional in podoplanin-mediated metastasis through its platelet-aggregating activity. This review summarizes the platelet functions in metastasis formation, the role of platelet aggregation-inducing factor podoplanin in pathological and physiological situations, and the possibility to develop podoplanin-targeting drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Takemoto
- Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, The Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Kenichi Miyata
- Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, The Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Naoya Fujita
- Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, The Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
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185
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Du X, Gao Y, Sun P, Chen Y, Chang H, Wei B. CD163 +/CD68 + tumor-associated macrophages in angiosarcoma with lymphedema. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:2106-2111. [PMID: 31938319 PMCID: PMC6958200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Angiosarcoma of soft tissue is a group of aggressive malignancies with high mortality. However, molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of angiosarcoma remain to be established. We explored the influence of M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) on the formation of angiosarcoma. CD163+/CD68+ macrophages were determined by immunohistochemistry from a series of 38 samples, including 17 cases of angiosarcoma with lymphedema and 21 cases of lymphangioma. The number of CD163+/CD68+ macrophages in angiosarcoma was significantly higher than that in lymphangioma. VEGFc was universally expressed in both angiosarcoma tumor cells and CD163+/CD68+ macrophages. VEGFR3 was expressed only in angiosarcoma tumor cells. Our study indicates a potential role of TAMs in the development of angiosarcoma with lymphedema. The VEGF signaling pathway may thus serve as a potential target for treatment of angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Du
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Pingping Sun
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Yizhi Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Bojun Wei
- Department of Thyroid and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
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186
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Dingle AM, Yap KK, Gerrand YW, Taylor CJ, Keramidaris E, Lokmic Z, Kong AM, Peters HL, Morrison WA, Mitchell GM. Characterization of isolated liver sinusoidal endothelial cells for liver bioengineering. Angiogenesis 2018; 21:581-597. [PMID: 29582235 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-018-9610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver sinusoidal capillaries play a pivotal role in liver regeneration, suggesting they may be beneficial in liver bioengineering. This study isolated mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and determined their ability to form capillary networks in vitro and in vivo for liver tissue engineering purposes. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro LSECs were isolated from adult C57BL/6 mouse livers. Immunofluorescence labelling indicated they were LYVE-1+/CD32b+/FactorVIII+/CD31-. Scanning electron microscopy of LSECs revealed the presence of characteristic sieve plates at 2 days. LSECs formed tubes and sprouts in the tubulogenesis assay, similar to human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC); and formed capillaries with lumens when implanted in a porous collagen scaffold in vitro. LSECs were able to form spheroids, and in the spheroid gel sandwich assay produced significantly increased numbers (p = 0.0011) of capillary-like sprouts at 24 h compared to HMEC spheroids. Supernatant from LSEC spheroids demonstrated significantly greater levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A and C (VEGF-A, VEGF-C) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) compared to LSEC monolayers (p = 0.0167; p = 0.0017; and p < 0.0001, respectively), at 2 days, which was maintained to 4 days for HGF (p = 0.0017) and VEGF-A (p = 0.0051). In vivo isolated mouse LSECs were prepared as single cell suspensions of 500,000 cells, or as spheroids of 5000 cells (100 spheroids) and implanted in SCID mouse bilateral vascularized tissue engineering chambers for 2 weeks. Immunohistochemistry identified implanted LSECs forming LYVE-1+/CD31- vessels. In LSEC implanted constructs, overall lymphatic vessel growth was increased (not significantly), whilst host-derived CD31+ blood vessel growth increased significantly (p = 0.0127) compared to non-implanted controls. LSEC labelled with the fluorescent tag DiI prior to implantation formed capillaries in vivo and maintained LYVE-1 and CD32b markers to 2 weeks. CONCLUSION Isolated mouse LSECs express a panel of vascular-related cell markers and demonstrate substantial vascular capillary-forming ability in vitro and in vivo. Their production of liver growth factors VEGF-A, VEGF-C and HGF enable these cells to exert a growth stimulus post-transplantation on the in vivo host-derived capillary bed, reinforcing their pro-regenerative capabilities for liver tissue engineering studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Dingle
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K K Yap
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Y-W Gerrand
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C J Taylor
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Keramidaris
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Z Lokmic
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics and Nursing, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A M Kong
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H L Peters
- Department of Paediatrics and Nursing, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - W A Morrison
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G M Mitchell
- O'Brien Institute Department, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
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187
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Yamakawa M, Doh SJ, Santosa SM, Montana M, Qin EC, Kong H, Han KY, Yu C, Rosenblatt MI, Kazlauskas A, Chang JH, Azar DT. Potential lymphangiogenesis therapies: Learning from current antiangiogenesis therapies-A review. Med Res Rev 2018. [PMID: 29528507 DOI: 10.1002/med.21496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, lymphangiogenesis, the process of lymphatic vessel formation from existing lymph vessels, has been demonstrated to have a significant role in diverse pathologies, including cancer metastasis, organ graft rejection, and lymphedema. Our understanding of the mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis has advanced on the heels of studies demonstrating vascular endothelial growth factor C as a central pro-lymphangiogenic regulator and others identifying multiple lymphatic endothelial biomarkers. Despite these breakthroughs and a growing appreciation of the signaling events that govern the lymphangiogenic process, there are no FDA-approved drugs that target lymphangiogenesis. In this review, we reflect on the lessons available from the development of antiangiogenic therapies (26 FDA-approved drugs to date), review current lymphangiogenesis research including nanotechnology in therapeutic drug delivery and imaging, and discuss molecules in the lymphangiogenic pathway that are promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yamakawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Susan J Doh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Samuel M Santosa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Mario Montana
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ellen C Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Kyu-Yeon Han
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Charles Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Mark I Rosenblatt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrius Kazlauskas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jin-Hong Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Dimitri T Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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188
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Angiosarcomas are rare vascular neoplasms that are among the most aggressive subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas. Surgical resection is often challenging even in localized disease, as the infiltrative nature of these cancers leads to frequent local and metastatic recurrences. Cytotoxic chemotherapy, including anthracycline-based regimens and taxanes can produce significant responses in a subset of patients but durability is limited with most patients ultimately succumbing to metastatic disease. Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is usually well-tolerated but prone to development of resistance. Few head-to-head trials have addressed the optimal sequence of therapies, or demonstrated conclusive benefits of one therapy over another based on clinical and etiologic factors. Novel therapies in clinical trials, including antibodies to endoglin and checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated exciting early activity in patients with angiosarcoma. Improved understanding of the genetic heterogeneity within various angiosarcoma subtypes may identify predictive biomarkers to match patients to effective existing and future therapies. Overall, angiosarcoma patients with optimal performance status are best served in clinical trials that incorporate novel combinations of cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies.
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189
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Oh S, Seo M, Choi JS, Joo CK, Lee SK. MiR-199a/b-5p Inhibits Lymphangiogenesis by Targeting Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 in Corneal Injury. Mol Cells 2018; 41:93-102. [PMID: 29429150 PMCID: PMC5824028 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is involved in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. However, its role in lymphangiogenesis has been unknown. Here, we tested whether downregulation of DDR1 expression by miR-199a/b can suppress lymphangiogenesis. We also aimed to identify miRNA target site(s) in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of DDR1. Transfection with miR-199a/b-5p mimics reduced expression of DDR1 and tube formation in primary human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells, whereas miR-199a/b-5p inhibitors showed the opposite effects. Critically, injection of miR-199a/b-5p mimics suppressed DDR1 expression and lymphangiogenesis in a corneal alkali-burn rat model. The three well-conserved seed matched sites for miR-199a/b-5p in the DDR1 3'-UTR were targeted, and miRNA binding to at least two sites was required for DDR1 inhibition. Our data suggest that DDR1 promotes enhanced lymphangiogenesis during eye injury, and miR-199a/b-5p suppresses this activity by inhibiting DDR1 expression. Thus, this miRNA may be useful for the treatment of lymphangiogenesis-related eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooeun Oh
- Department of Medical Lifescience, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Minkoo Seo
- Department of Medical Lifescience, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Choi
- Catholic Institute for Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Choun-Ki Joo
- Catholic Institute for Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul 06591,
Korea
| | - Suk Kyeong Lee
- Department of Medical Lifescience, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591,
Korea
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190
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Zhao X, Pan Y, Ren W, Shen F, Xu M, Yu M, Fu J, Xia L, Ruan C, Zhao Y. Plasma soluble podoplanin is a novel marker for the diagnosis of tumor occurrence and metastasis. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:403-411. [PMID: 29266546 PMCID: PMC5797814 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) is expressed on many tumors and is involved in tumor metastasis. The objective of the present study was to develop an ELISA for determining soluble PDPN (sPDPN) levels as a potential novel tumor marker in plasma of patients with cancers for detection of tumor occurrence and metastasis. Mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against human PDPN were developed and characterized. Two anti-PDPN mAb, SZ-163 and SZ-168, were used in a sandwich ELISA to detect plasma sPDPN in patients with cancers and in normal individuals. The levels of sPDPN were detected in patients with adenocarcinoma (87 cases, 31.09 ± 5.48 ng/ml), squamous cell carcinoma (86 cases, 6.91 ± 0.59 ng/ml), lung cancer (45 cases, 26.10 ± 7.62 ng/ml), gastric cancer (38 cases, 23.71 ± 6.90 ng/ml) and rectal cancer (27 cases, 32.98 ± 9.88 ng/ml), which were significantly higher than those in normal individuals (99 cases, 1.31 ± 0.13 ng/ml) (P < .0001). Moreover, the sPDPN levels in patients with metastatic cancers were higher (192 cases, 30.35 ± 3.63 ng/ml) than those in non-metastatic cancer patients (92 cases, 6.28 ± 0.77 ng/ml) (P < .0001). The post-treatment sPDPN levels of cancer patients (n = 156) (4.47 ± 0.35 ng/ml) were significantly lower compared with those seen pre-treatment (n = 128) (43.74 ± 4.97 ng/ml) (P < .0001). These results showed that an ELISA method was successfully established for quantitation of plasma sPDPN and plasma sPDPN levels correlate significantly with tumor occurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of HematologyKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yanfang Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityZhejiangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Bio‐organic and Natural Products ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Weihua Ren
- Clinical Laboratory CenterLuoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityLuoyangChina
| | - Fei Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of HematologyKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Mengqiao Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of HematologyKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Min Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityZhejiangChina
| | - Jianxin Fu
- Jiangsu Institute of HematologyKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Lijun Xia
- Jiangsu Institute of HematologyKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Cardiovascular Biology Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOKUSA
| | - Changgeng Ruan
- Jiangsu Institute of HematologyKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of HematologyKey Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of the Ministry of HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of HematologySoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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191
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Suzuki T, Takakubo Y, Oki H, Liu X, Honma R, Naganuma Y, Goodman SB, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Takagi M. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Inflammatory Rheumatoid Synovial Tissues Using Anti-Human Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody Panel. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2018; 37:12-19. [PMID: 29377768 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2017.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) is a transmembrane sialoglycoprotein, which is expressed in several normal tissues and malignant tumors. Although PDPN expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been reported, the role of PDPN in RA and other arthritic conditions has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined PDPN expression in inflammatory synovial tissues using an anti-human PDPN (hPDPN) monoclonal antibody (mAb) panel to select the most useful one for evaluation of synovitis. Synovial tissue samples were obtained from 11 RA patients and 9 osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergoing joint surgery. PDPN-positive cells were immunostained by a panel of PDPN mAbs (NZ-1, LpMab-3, LpMab-7, LpMab-10, LpMab-12, LpMab-13, and LpMab-17), followed by cell grading of inflammation and cell counting of PDPN-positivity by a quantitative analyzer. Immunohistochemistry showed that PDPN was markedly expressed in both macrophage-like type A and fibroblast-like type B lining cells of the hyperplastic synovial lining cell layer, and macrophages and fibroblasts in the stroma of RA. Among anti-PDPN mAbs, LpMab-12 showed the highest score. In inflammatory OA synovium, PDPN expression was also detectable. Although LpMab-12 also showed the highest score in OA, the difference was not statistically significant. The inflammatory synovitis score of RA was significantly higher than that of OA. PDPN was expressed in inflammatory lining cells and sublining stroma of RA and OA synovium. In the seven anti-hPDPN antibodies examined, LpMab-12 was the most stainable antibody for PDPN in RA synovitis. Thus, LpMab-12 for PDPN has a possible and promising specific biomarker for evaluating synovitis in RA and inflammatory OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoto Suzuki
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University , Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yuya Takakubo
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University , Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroharu Oki
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University , Yamagata, Japan
| | - Xing Liu
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University , Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Honma
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University , Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yasushi Naganuma
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University , Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- 3 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- 3 Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan .,4 New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University , Sendai, Japan
| | - Michiaki Takagi
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University , Yamagata, Japan
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192
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Hey-Cunningham AJ, Ng FW, Busard MP, Berbic M, Manconi F, Young L, Zevallos HBV, Russell P, Markham R, Fraser IS. Uterine Lymphatic and Blood Micro-Vessels in Women with Endometriosis through the Menstrual Cycle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/228402651000200404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Endometriosis is a common disease, associated with persistent and severe symptoms including infertility and pain, however, pathogenesis remains poorly understood. It has been hypothesized that fragments of viable endometrial tissue shed at menstruation reach the peritoneal cavity and other distant sites by retrograde menstruation and dissemination into the lymphatic system. In this study, uterine lymphatic and blood micro-vessel populations were compared in women with and without endometriosis during the menstrual cycle. Methods Paraffin-embedded hysterectomy specimens from premenopausal women with histologically normal endometrium (37 control and 42 endometriosis) were obtained. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with antibodies for D2–40 (lymphatic endothelium), CD31 (pan-endothelial marker), and endoglin (activated endothelial cells in angiogenesis). Lymphatic (LVD) and blood (BVD) micro-vessel density were quantified with an automated cellular imaging system using color and morphometric properties to identify micro-vessels. Results Subtle but significant differences in uterine BVD and LVD were detected in endometriosis. LVD was significantly increased in basal layer endometrium of endometriosis patients during the proliferative phase (mean ± SD = 54.3 ± 20.1 vs. 41.4 ± 9.9, p = 0.025). Endoglin-positive BVD was increased in the subepithelial region of endometrium in endometriosis during the secretory phase (19.3 ± 16.6 vs. 6.4 ± 8.2, p = 0.038). Conclusions This report for the first time demonstrates that endometrial LVD is altered in women with endometriosis and supports changes in BVD in these women. These alterations are likely to contribute to pathogenesis of endometriosis, through lymphatic spread and increased angiogenic potential of shed endometrial fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J. Hey-Cunningham
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Foong Wei Ng
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Milou P.H. Busard
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Marina Berbic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Frank Manconi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Lawrence Young
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Hector Barrera-Villa Zevallos
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
- National Council on Science and
Technology (CONACYT), Mexico City - Mexico
| | - Peter Russell
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Robert Markham
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
| | - Ian S. Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology
and Neonatology, Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants,
University of Sydney, Sydney - Australia
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193
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Kenig-Kozlovsky Y, Scott RP, Onay T, Carota IA, Thomson BR, Gil HJ, Ramirez V, Yamaguchi S, Tanna CE, Heinen S, Wu C, Stan RV, Klein JD, Sands JM, Oliver G, Quaggin SE. Ascending Vasa Recta Are Angiopoietin/Tie2-Dependent Lymphatic-Like Vessels. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 29:1097-1107. [PMID: 29237738 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017090962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary concentrating ability is central to mammalian water balance and depends on a medullary osmotic gradient generated by a countercurrent multiplication mechanism. Medullary hyperosmolarity is protected from washout by countercurrent exchange and efficient removal of interstitial fluid resorbed from the loop of Henle and collecting ducts. In most tissues, lymphatic vessels drain excess interstitial fluid back to the venous circulation. However, the renal medulla is devoid of classic lymphatics. Studies have suggested that the fenestrated ascending vasa recta (AVRs) drain the interstitial fluid in this location, but this function has not been conclusively shown. We report that late gestational deletion of the angiopoietin receptor endothelial tyrosine kinase 2 (Tie2) or both angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 prevents AVR formation in mice. The absence of AVR associated with rapid accumulation of fluid and cysts in the medullary interstitium, loss of medullary vascular bundles, and decreased urine concentrating ability. In transgenic reporter mice with normal angiopoietin-Tie2 signaling, medullary AVR exhibited an unusual hybrid endothelial phenotype, expressing lymphatic markers (prospero homeobox protein 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3) as well as blood endothelial markers (CD34, endomucin, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1, and plasmalemmal vesicle-associated protein). Taken together, our data redefine the AVRs as Tie2 signaling-dependent specialized hybrid vessels and provide genetic evidence of the critical role of AVR in the countercurrent exchange mechanism and the structural integrity of the renal medulla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kenig-Kozlovsky
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rizaldy P Scott
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tuncer Onay
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Isabel Anna Carota
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Benjamin R Thomson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hyea Jin Gil
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Veronica Ramirez
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shinji Yamaguchi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Christine E Tanna
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stefan Heinen
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christine Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Radu V Stan
- Departments of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and.,Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and
| | - Janet D Klein
- Division of Renal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jeff M Sands
- Division of Renal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Guillermo Oliver
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and.,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Susan E Quaggin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and .,Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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194
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Carrasco-Ramírez P, Greening DW, Andrés G, Gopal SK, Martín-Villar E, Renart J, Simpson RJ, Quintanilla M. Podoplanin is a component of extracellular vesicles that reprograms cell-derived exosomal proteins and modulates lymphatic vessel formation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16070-89. [PMID: 26893367 PMCID: PMC4941298 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays crucial roles in embryonic development, the immune response, and malignant progression. Here, we report that cells ectopically or endogenously expressing PDPN release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain PDPN mRNA and protein. PDPN incorporates into membrane shed microvesicles (MVs) and endosomal-derived exosomes (EXOs), where it was found to colocalize with the canonical EV marker CD63 by immunoelectron microscopy. We have previously found that expression of PDPN in MDCK cells induces an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Proteomic profiling of MDCK-PDPN cells compared to control cells shows that PDPN-induced EMT is associated with upregulation of oncogenic proteins and diminished expression of tumor suppressors. Proteomic analysis of exosomes reveals that MDCK-PDPN EXOs were enriched in protein cargos involved in cell adhesion, cytoskeletal remodeling, signal transduction and, importantly, intracellular trafficking and EV biogenesis. Indeed, expression of PDPN in MDCK cells stimulated both EXO and MV production, while knockdown of endogenous PDPN in human HN5 squamous carcinoma cells reduced EXO production and inhibited tumorigenesis. EXOs released from MDCK-PDPN and control cells both stimulated in vitro angiogenesis, but only EXOs containing PDPN were shown to promote lymphatic vessel formation. This effect was mediated by PDPN on the surface of EXOs, as demonstrated by a neutralizing specific monoclonal antibody. These results contribute to our understanding of PDPN-induced EMT in association to tumor progression, and suggest an important role for PDPN in EV biogenesis and/or release and for PDPN-EXOs in modulating lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Carrasco-Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - David W Greening
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Germán Andrés
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shashi K Gopal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ester Martín-Villar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Renart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miguel Quintanilla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
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195
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Itai S, Yamada S, Kaneko MK, Harada H, Kagawa Y, Konnai S, Kato Y. Expression of Cat Podoplanin in Feline Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2017; 36:243-250. [DOI: 10.1089/mab.2017.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Itai
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamada
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Konnai
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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196
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Suchanski J, Tejchman A, Zacharski M, Piotrowska A, Grzegrzolka J, Chodaczek G, Nowinska K, Rys J, Dziegiel P, Kieda C, Ugorski M. Podoplanin increases the migration of human fibroblasts and affects the endothelial cell network formation: A possible role for cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer progression. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184970. [PMID: 28938000 PMCID: PMC5609749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies we showed that in breast cancer podoplanin-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts correlated positively with tumor size, grade of malignancy, lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion and poor patients’ outcome. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess if podoplanin expressed by fibroblasts can affect malignancy-associated properties of breast cancer cells. Human fibroblastic cell lines (MSU1.1 and Hs 578Bst) overexpressing podoplanin and control fibroblasts were co-cultured with breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells and the impact of podoplanin expressed by fibroblasts on migration and invasiveness of breast cancer cells were studied in vitro. Migratory and invasive properties of breast cancer cells were not affected by the presence of podoplanin on the surface of fibroblasts. However, ectopic expression of podoplanin highly increases the migration of MSU1.1 and Hs 578Bst fibroblasts. The present study also revealed for the first time, that podoplanin expression affects the formation of pseudo tubes by endothelial cells. When human HSkMEC cells were co-cultured with podoplanin-rich fibroblasts the endothelial cell capillary-like network was characterized by significantly lower numbers of nodes and meshes than in co-cultures of endothelial cells with podoplanin-negative fibroblasts. The question remains as to how our experimental data can be correlated with previous clinical data showing an association between the presence of podoplanin-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts and progression of breast cancer. Therefore, we propose that expression of podoplanin by fibroblasts facilitates their movement into the tumor stroma, which creates a favorable microenvironment for tumor progression by increasing the number of cancer-associated fibroblasts, which produce numerous factors affecting proliferation, survival and invasion of cancer cells. In accordance with this, the present study revealed for the first time, that such podoplanin-mediated effects can affect tube formation by endothelial cells and participate in their pathological properties in the tumor context. Our experimental data were supported by clinical studies. First, when IDC and DCIS were analyzed by immunohistochemistry according to the presence of podoplanin-expressing cells, the numbers of cancer-associated fibroblasts with high expression of this glycoprotein were significantly higher in IDC than in DCIS cases. Second, using immunofluorescence, the co-localization of PDPN-positive CAFs with blood vessels stained with antibody directed against CD34 was observed in tumor stroma of IDC samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Suchanski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Tejchman
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.,Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, Orléans, France
| | - Maciej Zacharski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Jedrzej Grzegrzolka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Nowinska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Rys
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Centre of Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition and Glycobiology, UPR4301-CNRS, Orléans, France.,Military Medical Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Glycobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
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197
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Chen G, Xu R, Yue B, Mei X, Li P, Zhou X, Huang S, Gong L, Zhang S. The expression of podoplanin protein is a diagnostic marker to distinguish the early infiltration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19013-19020. [PMID: 28086225 PMCID: PMC5386665 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is usually develped from low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIEN) and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIEN) to infiltrative squamous cell carcinoma. Till now, it remains hard to screen for infiltration at earlier stages, especially the differentiation between HGEIN and early infiltrative carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to determine a role of podoplanin in differentiating between HGEIN and early infiltrative squamous cell carcinoma. Totally 133 patients pathologically diagnosed with early ESCC and/or precancerous lesions were enrolled.The EnVision two-step IHC staining technique was applied using the monoclonal mouse anti-human Podoplanin antibody (clone number: D2-40). The expressions of PDPN protein on the basal layer of squamous epithelium lesions could be divided into three different patterns: complete type, incomplete (non-continuous) type, or missing type. A diagnosis of HGEIN can be made if the basal layer showed non-continuous or complete expression of PDPN and a diagnosis of early infiltration can be made if the expression of PDPN is completely missing. Our study confirmed that PDPN was a potential biomarker to identify the presence of early infiltrative squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
| | - Xue Mei
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
| | - Shoufang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
| | - Liping Gong
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, 10050 China
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198
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Huang LH, Lavine KJ, Randolph GJ. Cardiac Lymphatic Vessels, Transport, and Healing of the Infarcted Heart. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2:477-483. [PMID: 28989985 PMCID: PMC5628514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature plays a key role in regulating tissue fluid homeostasis, lipid transport, and immune surveillance throughout the body. Although it has been appreciated that the heart relies on lymphatic vessels to maintain fluid balance and that such balance must be tightly maintained to allow for normal cardiac output, it has only recently come to light that the lymphatic vasculature may serve as a therapeutic target with which to promote optimal healing following myocardial ischemia and infarction. This article reviews the subject of cardiac lymphatic vessels and highlights studies that imply targeting of lymphatic vessel development or transport using vascular endothelial growth factor-C therapy may serve as a promising avenue for future clinical application in the context of ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hao Huang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Li-Hao Huang, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 425 South Euclid Avenue, BJCIH 8307, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
| | - Kory J. Lavine
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gwendalyn J. Randolph
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Dr. Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 425 South Euclid Avenue, BJCIH 8307, St. Louis, Missouri 63110.
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199
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Kong LL, Yang NZ, Shi LH, Zhao GH, Zhou W, Ding Q, Wang MH, Zhang YS. The optimum marker for the detection of lymphatic vessels. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 7:515-520. [PMID: 28855985 PMCID: PMC5574200 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1, prospero-related homeobox-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 have been demonstrated to have crucial roles in the development of the lymphatic system and lymphangiogenesis process by combining with their corresponding receptors. Thus, the four markers have been widely used in labelling lymphatic vessels for the detection of lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel invasion. Numerous authors have aimed to identify the roles of these four markers in the lymphatic system and the mechanisms have been partly clarified at the molecular level. The aim of the present review was to comprehensively clarify the characteristics and latent action modes of the four markers in order to determine which is the best one for the detection of lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Kong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Nian-Zhao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Hui Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Hai Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hai Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Sheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
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200
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Langan SA, Navarro-Núñez L, Watson SP, Nash GB. Modulation of VEGF-induced migration and network formation by lymphatic endothelial cells: Roles of platelets and podoplanin. Platelets 2017; 29:486-495. [PMID: 28727496 PMCID: PMC6589745 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1336210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) express the transmembrane receptor podoplanin whose only known endogenous ligand CLEC-2 is found on platelets. Both podoplanin and CLEC-2 are required for normal lymphangiogenesis as mice lacking either protein develop a blood-lymphatic mixing phenotype. We investigated the roles of podoplanin and its interaction with platelets in migration and tube formation by LEC. Addition of platelets or antibody-mediated crosslinking of podoplanin inhibited LEC migration induced by vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A or VEGF-C), but did not modify basal migration or the response to basic fibroblast growth factor or epidermal growth factor. In addition, platelets and podoplanin crosslinking disrupted networks of LEC formed in co-culture with fibroblasts. Depletion of podoplanin in LEC using siRNA negated the pro-migratory effect of VEGF-A and VEGF-C. Inhibition of RhoA or Rho-kinase reduced LEC migration induced by VEGF-C, but had no further effect after crosslinking of podoplanin, suggesting that podoplanin is required for signaling downstream of VEGF-receptors but upstream of RhoA. Together, these data reveal for the first time that podoplanin is an intrinsic specific regulator of VEGF-mediated migration and network formation in LEC and identify crosslinking of podoplanin by platelets or antibodies as mechanisms to modulate this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Langan
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Leyre Navarro-Núñez
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Gerard B Nash
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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