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Gribova V, Auzely-Velty R, Picart C. Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Assemblies on Materials Surfaces: From Cell Adhesion to Tissue Engineering. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012; 24:854-869. [PMID: 25076811 PMCID: PMC4112380 DOI: 10.1021/cm2032459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the bulk and surface properties of materials is a real challenge for bioengineers working in the fields of biomaterials, tissue engineering and biophysics. The layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method, introduced 20 years ago, consists in the alternate adsorption of polyelectrolytes that self-organize on the material's surface, leading to the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films.1 Because of its simplicity and versatility, the procedure has led to considerable developments of biological applications within the past 5 years. In this review, we focus our attention on the design of PEM films as surface coatings for applications in the field of physical properties that have emerged as being key points in relation to biological processes. The numerous possibilities for adjusting the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of PEM films have fostered studies on the influence of these parameters on cellular behaviors. Importantly, PEM have emerged as a powerful tool for the immobilization of biomolecules with preserved bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Gribova
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with University Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, France
| | - Rachel Auzely-Velty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with University Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
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152
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González-García C, Moratal D, Oreffo ROC, Dalby MJ, Salmerón-Sánchez M. Surface mobility regulates skeletal stem cell differentiation. Integr Biol (Camb) 2012; 4:531-9. [PMID: 22395101 DOI: 10.1039/c2ib00139j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A family of polymer substrates which consists of a vinyl backbone chain with the side groups -COO(CH(2))(x)H, with x = 1, 2, 4, was prepared. Substrates with similar chemical groups but decreasing stiffness, characterized by their elastic modulus at 37 °C, as well as surface mobility, characterized by the glass transition temperature, were obtained. We have investigated whether these subtle variations in polymer chemistry lead to alterations in fibronectin (FN) adsorption and mesenchymal stem cell response. The same FN density was adsorbed on every substrate (∼450 ng cm(-2)) although the supramolecular organization of the protein at the material interface, as obtained with AFM, was different for x = 1 and the other two surfaces (x = 2, 4). Consequently, this allows one to investigate the effect of physical properties of the matrix on stem cell differentiation after ruling out any influence of protein activity. Cell adhesion was quantified by calculating the size distribution of focal adhesions. Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to the osteoblastic lineage was determined by quantifying protein levels for osteocalcin, osteopontin and Runx2, in the absence of any additional osteogenic soluble factors in the culture media, but as a direct effect of material properties. The findings indicate the potential to modulate skeletal progenitor cell commitment to the osteoblastic lineage through surface mobility of the underlying material surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina González-García
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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153
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WANG Y, YAO X, LIAN X, WU Z, XIONG Y. IMMOBILIZATION OF POLYSACCHARIDE DERIVATIVES ON POLYURETHANE SURFACE THROUGH LAYER-BY-LAYER SELF-ASSEMBLY AND PHOTOCHEMICAL MODIFICATION. ACTA POLYM SIN 2012. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2012.11140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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154
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Rafat M, Rotenstein LS, You JO, Auguste DT. Dual functionalized PVA hydrogels that adhere endothelial cells synergistically. Biomaterials 2012; 33:3880-6. [PMID: 22364701 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion molecules govern leukocyte-endothelial cell (EC) interactions that are essential in regulating leukocyte recruitment, adhesion, and transmigration in areas of inflammation. In this paper, we synthesized hydrogel matrices modified with antibodies against vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-Selectin) to mimic leukocyte-EC interactions. Adhesion of human umbilical vein ECs to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels was examined as a function of the relative antibody ratio (anti-VCAM1:anti-E-Selectin) and substrate elasticity. Variation of PVA backbone methacrylation was used to affect hydrogel matrix stiffness, ranging from 130 to 720 kPa. Greater EC adhesion was observed on hydrogels presenting 1:1 anti-VCAM1:anti-E-Selectin than on gels presenting either arginine-glycine-asparagine (RGD) peptide, anti-VCAM1, or anti-E-Selectin alone. Engineered cell adhesion - based on complementing the EC surface presentation - may be used to increase the strength of EC-matrix interactions. Hydrogels with tunable and synergistic adhesion may be useful in vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Rafat
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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155
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Schaaf P, Voegel JC, Jierry L, Boulmedais F. Spray-assisted polyelectrolyte multilayer buildup: from step-by-step to single-step polyelectrolyte film constructions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:1001-1016. [PMID: 22278854 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The alternate deposition of polyanions and polycations on a solid substrate leads to the formation of nanometer to micrometer films called Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. This step-by-step construction of organic films constitutes a method of choice to functionalize surfaces with applications ranging from optical to bioactive coatings. The method was originally developed by dipping the substrate in the different polyelectrolyte solutions. Recent advances show that spraying the polyelectrolyte solutions onto the substrate represents an appealing alternative to dipping because it is much faster and easier to adapt at an industrial level. Multilayer deposition by spraying is thus greatly gaining in interest. Here we review the current literature on this deposition method. After a brief history of polyelectrolyte multilayers to place the spraying method in its context, we review the fundamental issues that have been addresses so far. We then give an overview the different fields where the method has been applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Schaaf
- Institut Charles Sadron, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 22, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
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156
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Miranda ES, Silva TH, Reis RL, Mano JF. Nanostructured Natural-Based Polyelectrolyte Multilayers to Agglomerate Chitosan Particles into Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:2663-74. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Sá Miranda
- 3B's Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago H. Silva
- 3B's Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B's Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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157
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Fujie T, Ricotti L, Desii A, Menciassi A, Dario P, Mattoli V. Evaluation of substrata effect on cell adhesion properties using freestanding poly(L-lactic acid) nanosheets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:13173-13182. [PMID: 21913651 DOI: 10.1021/la203140a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the interactions between cells and material surfaces is important not only for the understanding of cell biology but also for the development of smart biomaterials. In this study, we investigated the substrate-related effects on the interaction between cell and polymeric ultrathin film (nanosheet) by modulating the mechanical properties of the nanosheet with a metal substrate or mesh. A freestanding polymeric nanosheet with tens-of-nanometers thickness composed of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA nanosheet) was fabricated by combination of a spin-coating technique and a water-soluble sacrificial layer. The freestanding PLLA nanosheet was collected on a stainless steel mesh (PLLA-mesh) and subsequently used for cell adhesion studies, comparing the results to the ones on a control SiO(2) substrate coated with an ultrathin layer of PLLA (PLLA-substrate). The adhesion of rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2) was evaluated on both samples after 24 h of culture. The PLLA-mesh with the tens-of-nanometers thick nanosheets induced an anisotropic adhesion of H9c2, while H9c2 on the PLLA-substrate showed an isotropic adhesion independent from the nanosheet thickness. Interestingly, an increment in the nanosheet thickness in the PLLA-mesh samples reduced the cellular anisotropy and led to a similar morphology to the PLLA-substrate. Considering the huge discrepancy of Young's modulus between PLLA nanosheet (3.5-4.2 GPa) and metal substrate (hundreds of GPa), cell adhesion was mechanically regulated by the Young's modulus of the underlying substrate when the thickness of the PLLA nanosheet was tens of nanometers. Modulation of the stiffness of the polymeric nanosheet by utilizing a rigid underlying material will allow the constitution of a unique cell culture environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Fujie
- Center for MicroBioRobotics IIT@SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34 Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy.
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158
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Basta G, Calafiore R. Immunoisolation of pancreatic islet grafts with no recipient's immunosuppression: actual and future perspectives. Curr Diab Rep 2011; 11:384-91. [PMID: 21826429 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-011-0219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In spite of steady and remarkable progress, islet transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) continues to face two major bottlenecks: inadequate availability of human pancreatic donors and necessity to totally immunosuppress the graft recipients lifelong. Microencapsulation of the islet grafts within highly biocompatible and selective permeable biomembranes could obviate use of the immunosuppressants, while potentially offering the opportunity to use a wide array of insulin-producing cells, in active development, including xenogeneic pig islets. Although macrodevices and microcapsules, which essentially differ by size/configuration, and both serve for immunoisolation devices, have been used for many years with initial human applications, new products on development in both areas might open new perspectives for more focused use in patients with T1DM. Physical-chemical properties and material engineering of these devices are critically reviewed to assess where we actually stand and where the future expansion of these technologies may go.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Basta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, via Enrico dal Pozzo, snc, Perugia, Italy.
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159
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Crouzier T, Sailhan F, Becquart P, Guillot R, Logeart-Avramoglou D, Picart C. The performance of BMP-2 loaded TCP/HAP porous ceramics with a polyelectrolyte multilayer film coating. Biomaterials 2011; 32:7543-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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160
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Guzmán E, Chuliá-Jordán R, Ortega F, Rubio RG. Influence of the percentage of acetylation on the assembly of LbL multilayers of poly(acrylic acid) and chitosan. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18200-7. [PMID: 21938287 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21609k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Layer-by-Layer (LbL) self-assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) formed by poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and chitosan (CHI) of two different percentages of acetylation (AC) has been studied by dissipative quartz crystal microbalance (D-QCM) and ellipsometry. The results point out that the non-linear growth (exponential growth) of the films is not modified by the percentage of acetylation of the CHI (AC). The comparison of the thickness obtained by D-QCM and by ellipsometry has allowed us to calculate the water content of the films showing that the multilayers are highly hydrated. This agrees with the values of the complex shear modulus obtained from the analysis of D-QCM data that are in the MPa range, and show a transition from a viscous to mainly elastic behavior depending on the charge density of the CHI chains. The monomer surface density in each layer (obtained from the combination of ellipsometry and differential refractive index measurements) indicated that the mechanism of charge compensation depends on the percentage of acetylation of the CHI. It was found that the adsorption kinetics is a bimodal process with characteristic times that depend on the number and nature of each layer. The load capacity of the multilayers for a β-blocker, propranolol, was found to be higher for the lowest acetylation degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Guzmán
- Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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161
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Plewa A, Niemiec W, Filipowska J, Osyczka AM, Lach R, Szczubiałka K, Nowakowska M. Photocrosslinkable diazoresin/pectin films – Synthesis and application as cell culture supports. Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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162
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Lee H, Jang Y, Seo J, Nam JM, Char K. Nanoparticle-functionalized polymer platform for controlling metastatic cancer cell adhesion, shape, and motility. ACS NANO 2011; 5:5444-5456. [PMID: 21702475 DOI: 10.1021/nn202103z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Controlling and understanding the changes in metastatic cancer cell adhesion, shape, and motility are of paramount importance in cancer research, diagnosis, and treatment. Here, we used gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as nanotopological structures and protein nanocluster forming substrates. Cell adhesion controlling proteins [in this case, fibronection (Fn) and ephrinB3] were modified to AuNPs, and these particles were then modified to the layer-by-layer (LbL) polymer surface that offers a handle for tuning surface charge and mechanical property of a cell-interfacing substrate. We found that metastatic cancer cell adhesion is affected by nanoparticle density on a surface, and ∼140 particles per 400 μm(2) (∼1.7 μm spacing between AuNPs) is optimal for effective metastatic cell adhesion. It was also shown that the AuNP surface density and protein nanoclustering on a spherical AuNP are controlling factors for the efficient interfacing and signaling of metastatic cancer cells. Importantly, the existence of nanotopological features (AuNPs in this case) is much more critical in inducing more dramatic changes in metastatic cell adhesion, protrusion, polarity, and motility than the presence of a cell adhesion protein, Fn, on the surface. Moreover, cell focal adhesion and motility-related paxillin clusters were heavily formed in cell lamellipodia and filopodia and high expression of phospho-paxillins were observed when the cells were cultured on either an AuNP or Fn-modified AuNP polymer surface. The ephrin signaling that results in the decreased expression of paxillin was found to be more effective when ephrins were modified to the AuNP surface than when ephrinB3 was directly attached to the polymer film. The overall trend for cell motility change is such that a nanoparticle-modified LbL surface induces higher cell motility and the AuNP modification to the LbL surface results in more pronounced change in cell motility than Fn or ephrin modification to the LbL surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea
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163
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Almodóvar J, Place LW, Gogolski J, Erickson K, Kipper MJ. Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polysaccharide-Based Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: A Spectroscopic Study of Hydrophilicity, Composition, and Ion Pairing. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:2755-65. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200519y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almodóvar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Laura W. Place
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Jarrod Gogolski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Kristin Erickson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Matt J. Kipper
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
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164
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Boudou T, Crouzier T, Nicolas C, Ren K, Picart C. Polyelectrolyte multilayer nanofilms used as thin materials for cell mechano-sensitivity studies. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:77-89. [PMID: 21038350 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three types of multilayer films made from poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronan, chitosan/hyaluronan, and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(L-glutamic acid), were used to investigate the interplay between film mechano-chemical properties and cell adhesion. We showed that C2C12 myoblast adhesion and proliferation depended on the extent of film cross-linking for all films whatever their internal chemistry. Cell spreading areas were found to correlate with the film's stiffness and to be distributed over a unique curve. Immuno-staining of the cytoskeletal components revealed the formation of F-actin stress fibers and vinculin plaques only on stiff films. Finally, we compared our results with previous studies performed on polyacrylamide and PDMS gels, two recognized materials for mechano-sensitivity studies. We found that the effect of substrate stiffness on cell spreading is material-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boudou
- Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology and LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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165
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Grohmann S, Rothe H, Frant M, Liefeith K. Colloidal Force Spectroscopy and Cell Biological Investigations on Biomimetic Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Composed of Chondroitin Sulfate and Heparin. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:1987-97. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200258q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Grohmann
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Holger Rothe
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Marion Frant
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Klaus Liefeith
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
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166
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Lehaf AM, Moussallem MD, Schlenoff JB. Correlating the compliance and permeability of photo-cross-linked polyelectrolyte multilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:4756-4763. [PMID: 21443175 PMCID: PMC3075366 DOI: 10.1021/la200229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Photo-cross-linkable polyelectrolyte multilayers were made from poly(allylamine) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) modified with a photosensitive benzophenone. Nanoindentation, using atomic force microscopy (AFM) of these and unmodified PAH/PAA multilayers, was used to assess their mechanical properties in situ under an aqueous buffer. Under the conditions employed (and a 20 nm radius AFM tip), reliable nanoindentations that appeared to be decoupled from the properties of the silicon substrate were obtained for films greater than 150 nm in thickness. A strong difference in the apparent modulus was observed for films terminated with positive as compared to negative polyelectrolytes. Films terminated with PAA were more glassy, suggesting better charge matching of polyelectrolytes. Multilayers irradiated for up to 100 min showed a smooth, controlled increase in the modulus with little change in the water contact angle. The permeability to iodide ion, measured electrochemically, also decreased in a controlled fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Lehaf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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167
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Wilson JT, Cui W, Kozlovskaya V, Kharlampieva E, Pan D, Qu Z, Krishnamurthy VR, Mets J, Kumar V, Wen J, Song Y, Tsukruk VV, Chaikof EL. Cell surface engineering with polyelectrolyte multilayer thin films. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:7054-64. [PMID: 21491937 DOI: 10.1021/ja110926s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films represents a bottom-up approach for re-engineering the molecular landscape of cell surfaces with spatially continuous and molecularly uniform ultrathin films. However, fabricating PEMs on viable cells has proven challenging owing to the high cytotoxicity of polycations. Here, we report the rational engineering of a new class of PEMs with modular biological functionality and tunable physicochemical properties which have been engineered to abrogate cytotoxicity. Specifically, we have discovered a subset of cationic copolymers that undergoes a conformational change, which mitigates membrane disruption and facilitates the deposition of PEMs on cell surfaces that are tailorable in composition, reactivity, thickness, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, we demonstrate the first successful in vivo application of PEM-engineered cells, which maintained viability and function upon transplantation and were used as carriers for in vivo delivery of PEMs containing biomolecular payloads. This new class of polymeric film and the design strategies developed herein establish an enabling technology for cell transplantation and other therapies based on engineered cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Wilson
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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168
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Detzel CJ, Larkin AL, Rajagopalan P. Polyelectrolyte multilayers in tissue engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2011; 17:101-13. [PMID: 21210759 PMCID: PMC3062467 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer assembly of sequentially adsorbed, alternating polyelectrolytes has become increasingly important over the past two decades. The ease and versatility in assembling polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) has resulted in numerous wide ranging applications of these materials. More recently, PEMs are being used in biological applications ranging from biomaterials, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery. The ability to manipulate the chemical, physical, surface, and topographical properties of these multilayer architectures by simply changing the pH, ionic strength, thickness, and postassembly modifications render them highly suitable to probe the effects of external stimuli on cellular responsiveness. In the field of regenerative medicine, the ability to sequester growth factors and to tether peptides to PEMs has been exploited to direct the lineage of progenitor cells and to subsequently maintain a desired phenotype. Additional novel applications include the use of PEMs in the assembly of three-dimensional layered architectures and as coatings for individual cells to deliver tunable payloads of drugs or bioactive molecules. This review focuses on literature related to the modulation of chemical and physical properties of PEMs for tissue engineering applications and recent research efforts in maintaining and directing cellular phenotype in stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Detzel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Adam L. Larkin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Padmavathy Rajagopalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
- ICTAS Center for Systems Biology of Engineered Tissues, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
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169
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Lavalle P, Voegel JC, Vautier D, Senger B, Schaaf P, Ball V. Dynamic aspects of films prepared by a sequential deposition of species: perspectives for smart and responsive materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:1191-221. [PMID: 21264957 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201003309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The deposition of surface coatings using a step-by-step approach from mutually interacting species allows the fabrication of so called "multilayered films". These coatings are very versatile and easy to produce in environmentally friendly conditions, mostly from aqueous solution. They find more and more applications in many hot topic areas, such as in biomaterials and nanoelectronics but also in stimuli-responsive films. We aim to review the most recent developments in such stimuli-responsive coatings based on layer-by-layer (LBL) depositions in relationship to the properties of these coatings. The most investigated stimuli are based on changes in ionic strength, temperature, exposure to light, and mechanical forces. The possibility to induce a transition from linear to exponential growth in thickness and to change the charge compensation from "intrinsic" to "extrinsic" by controlling parameters such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength are the ways to confer their responsiveness to the films. Chemical post-modifications also allow to significantly modify the film properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 977, 11 rue Humann, Strasbourg Cedex, France
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170
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Skotak M, Noriega S, Larsen G, Subramanian A. Electrospun cross-linked gelatin fibers with controlled diameter: the effect of matrix stiffness on proliferative and biosynthetic activity of chondrocytes cultured in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 95:828-36. [PMID: 20824648 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibrous scaffolds were prepared from gelatin solutions and were further cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). The fiber diameter was varied from 100 to 1000 nm by controlling the applied voltage (4-15 kV) and the concentration of the gelatin solution (4-15%). The tensile moduli and the tensile strength of the noncross-linked scaffolds varied from 20 to 120 MPa and 0.5 to 3.5 MPa, respectively. Cross-linking with GA led to an increase in both the tensile modulus and strength and correlated with cross-linker concentration. Gelatin-based matrices were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. High cellular viabilities and rounded morphology of chondrocytes was observed at the end of 7 days in culture with added matrix deposition and flattening of cells at 15 days. Matrix stiffness was noted to impact cell densities and the expression of chondrocytic markers, especially aggrecan. The ratios of collagen-II (C-II) to collagen-I (C-I) of 0.62 and 1.33 were noted on gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds cross-linked with 0.1% GA at the end of 7 and 15 days in culture, respectively. C-II/C-I ratios of 1.30 and 2.58 were noted on scaffolds cross-linked with 1.0% GA at the end of 7 and 15 days in culture, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Skotak
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0643, USA
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171
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172
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Hoppe A, Güldal NS, Boccaccini AR. A review of the biological response to ionic dissolution products from bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics. Biomaterials 2011; 32:2757-74. [PMID: 21292319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1278] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Several inorganic materials such as special compositions of silicate glasses, glass-ceramics and calcium phosphates have been shown to be bioactive and resorbable and to exhibit appropriate mechanical properties which make them suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. However, the exact mechanism of interaction between the ionic dissolution products of such inorganic materials and human cells are not fully understood, which has prompted considerable research work in the biomaterials community during the last decade. This review comprehensively covers literature reports which have investigated specifically the effect of dissolution products of silicate bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics in relation to osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Particularly, recent advances made in fabricating dense biomaterials and scaffolds doped with trace elements (e.g. Zn, Sr, Mg, and Cu) and investigations on the effect of these elements on the scaffold biological performance are summarized and discussed in detail. Clearly, the biological response to artificial materials depends on many parameters such as chemical composition, topography, porosity and grain size. This review, however, focuses only on the ion release kinetics of the materials and the specific effect of the released ionic dissolution products on human cell behaviour, providing also a scope for future investigations and identifying specific research needs to advance the field. The biological performance of pure and doped silicate glasses, phosphate based glasses with novel specific compositions as well as several other silicate based compounds are discussed in detail. Cells investigated in the reviewed articles include human osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells as well as endothelial cells and stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hoppe
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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173
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Phelps JA, Morisse S, Hindié M, Degat MC, Pauthe E, Van Tassel PR. Nanofilm biomaterials: localized cross-linking to optimize mechanical rigidity and bioactivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:1123-1130. [PMID: 21182246 DOI: 10.1021/la104156c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanofilm biomaterials, formed by the layer-by-layer assembly of charged macromolecules, are important systems for a variety of cell-contacting biomedical and biotechnological applications. Mechanical rigidity and bioactivity are two key film properties influencing the behavior of contacting cells. Increased rigidity tends to improve cells attachment, and films may be rendered bioactive through the incorporation of proteins, peptides, or drugs. A key challenge is to realize films that are simultaneously rigid and bioactive. Chemical cross-linking of the polymer framework--the standard means of increasing a film's rigidity--can diminish bioactivity through deactivation or isolation of embedded biomolecules or inhibition of film biodegradation. We present here a strategy to decouple mechanical rigidity and bioactivity, potentially enabling nanofilm biomaterials that are both mechanically rigid and bioactive. Our idea is to selectively cross-link the outer region of the film, resulting in a rigid outer skin to promote cell attachment, while leaving the film interior (with any embedded bioactive species) unaffected. We propose an approach whereby an N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS) activated poly(L-glutamic acid) is added as the terminal layer of a multilayer film and forms (covalent) amide bonds with amino groups of poly(L-lysine) placed previously within the film. We characterize film assembly and cross-linking extent via quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCMD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflection mode (FTIR-ATR), and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and measure the attachment and metabolic activity of preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. We show cross-linking to occur primarily at the film surface and the subsequent cell attachment and metabolic activity to be enhanced compared to native films. Our method appears promising as a means to realize films that are simultaneously mechanically rigid and bioactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Phelps
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
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174
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Stem Cell Differentiation Depending on Different Surfaces. TISSUE ENGINEERING III: CELL - SURFACE INTERACTIONS FOR TISSUE CULTURE 2011; 126:263-83. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2011_108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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175
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Crouzier T, Boudou T, Picart C. Polysaccharide-based polyelectrolyte multilayers. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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176
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Guillaume-Gentil O, Abbruzzese D, Thomasson E, Vörös J, Zambelli T. Chemically tunable electrochemical dissolution of noncontinuous polyelectrolyte assemblies: an in situ study using ecAFM. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:3525-3531. [PMID: 21067205 DOI: 10.1021/am1007062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemically triggered dissolution of noncontinuous polyelectrolyte assemblies presenting distinct nanomorphologies and its tuning by chemical cross-linking were monitored locally, in situ, by electrochemical atomic force microscopy. Poly-l-lysine and hyaluronic acid deposited layer-by-layer on indium tin oxide electrodes at specific experimental conditions formed well-defined nanostructures whose morphologies could be easily and precisely followed along the dissolution process. In addition to shrinkage of polyelectrolyte nanodroplets, ecAFM images revealed the faster dissolution of coalesced structures compared to droplet-like complexes, and the readsorption of dissolved polyelectrolytes onto slower dissolving neighboring structures. Covalently cross-linked PLL/HA assemblies dissolved only partially, and exhibited slower dissolution rates compared to native multilayers, with a clear dependence on the cross-link density. Tuning the electrochemical dissolution of polyelectrolyte multilayers through chemical cross-linking opens new prospects for future biomedical applications, such as the development of advanced drug or gene delivery platforms allowing for tightly controlled releases of different compounds at specific rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orane Guillaume-Gentil
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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177
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Wang LS, Boulaire J, Chan PP, Chung JE, Kurisawa M. The role of stiffness of gelatin–hydroxyphenylpropionic acid hydrogels formed by enzyme-mediated crosslinking on the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell. Biomaterials 2010; 31:8608-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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178
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Boddohi S, Kipper MJ. Engineering nanoassemblies of polysaccharides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:2998-3016. [PMID: 20593437 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200903790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides offer a wealth of biochemical and biomechanical functionality that can be used to develop new biomaterials. In mammalian tissues, polysaccharides often exhibit a hierarchy of structure, which includes assembly at the nanometer length scale. Furthermore, their biochemical function is determined by their nanoscale organization. These biological nanostructures provide the inspiration for developing techniques to tune the assembly of polysaccharides at the nanoscale. These new polysaccharide nanostructures are being used for the stabilization and delivery of drugs, proteins, and genes, the engineering of cells and tissues, and as new platforms on which to study biochemistry. In biological systems polysaccharide nanostructures are assembled via bottom-up processes. Many biologically derived polysaccharides behave as polyelectrolytes, and their polyelectrolyte nature can be used to tune their bottom-up assembly. New techniques designed to tune the structure and composition of polysaccharides at the nanoscale are enabling researchers to study in detail the emergent biological properties that arise from the nanoassembly of these important biological macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Boddohi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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179
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Ma J, He X, Jabbari E. Osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells on random and aligned electrospun poly(L-lactide) nanofibers. Ann Biomed Eng 2010; 39:14-25. [PMID: 20577811 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-010-0106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The fibrillar structure and sub-micron diameter of electrospun nanofibers can be used to reproduce the morphology and structure of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of fiber alignment on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal (BMS) cells. Random and aligned poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) nanofibers were produced by collecting the spun fibers on a stationary plate and a rotating wheel, respectively, as the ground electrode. Morphology and alignment of the BMS cells seeded on the fibers were characterized by SEM. The effect of fiber orientation on osteogenic differentiation of BMS cells was determined by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, calcium content, and mRNA expression levels of osteogenic markers. There was a strong correlation between the fiber and cell distributions for the random (p=0.16) and aligned (p=0.81) fibers. Percent deviation from ideal randomness (PDIR) values indicated that cells seeded on the random fibers (PDIR=6.5%) were likely to be distributed randomly in all directions while cells seeded on the aligned fibers (PDIR=86%) were highly likely to be aligned with the direction of fibers. BMS cell seeded on random and aligned fibers had similar cell count and ALPase activity with incubation time, but the calcium content on aligned fibers was significantly higher after 21 days compared to that of random fibers (p=0.003). Osteopontin (OP) and osteocalcin (OC) expression levels of BMS cells on fibers increased with incubation time. However, there was no difference between the expression levels of OP and OC on aligned vs. random fibers. The results indicate that BMS cells aligned in the direction of PLLA fibers to form long cell extensions, and fiber orientation affected the extent of mineralization, but it had no effect on cell proliferation or mRNA expression of osteogenic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Ma
- Biomimetic Materials and Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, Swearingen Engineering Center, Rm 2C11, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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180
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Xu W, Ma J, Jabbari E. Material properties and osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells on fiber-reinforced laminated hydrogel nanocomposites. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:1992-2002. [PMID: 19995620 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The fibrils in the bone matrix are glued together by extracellular matrix proteins to form laminated structures (osteons) to provide elasticity and a supportive substrate for osteogenesis. The objective of this work was to investigate material properties and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal (BMS) cells seeded on osteon-mimetic fiber-reinforced hydrogel/apatite composites. Layers of electrospun poly(l-lactide) fiber mesh coated with a poly(lactide-co-ethylene oxide fumarate) (PLEOF) hydrogel precursor solution were stacked and pressed together, and crosslinked to produce a laminated fiber-reinforced composite. Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals were added to the precursor solution to produce an osteoconductive matrix for BMS cells. Acrylamide-terminated Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide (Ac-GRGD) was conjugated to the PLEOF/HA hydrogel phase to promote focal point adhesion of BMS cells. Laminates were characterized with respect to the Young's modulus, degradation kinetics and osteogenic differentiation of BMS cells. The moduli of the laminates under dry and wet conditions were significantly higher than those of the fiber mesh and PLEOF/HA hydrogel, and within the range of values reported for wet human cancellous bone. At days 14 and 21, alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity of the laminates was significantly higher than those of the fiber mesh and hydrogel. Lamination significantly increased the extent of mineralization of BMS cells and laminates with HA and conjugated with RGD (Lam-RGD-HA) had 2.7-, 3.5- and 2.8-fold higher calcium content (compared to laminates without HA or RGD) after 7, 14 and 21days, respectively. The Lam-RGD-HA group had significantly higher expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin compared to the hydrogel or laminates without HA or RGD, consistent with the higher ALPase activity and calcium content of Lam-RGD-HA. Laminated osteon-mimetic structures have the potential to provide mechanical strength to the regenerating region as well as supporting the differentiation of progenitor cells to the osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Xu
- Biomimetic Materials and Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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181
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Zelikin AN. Drug releasing polymer thin films: new era of surface-mediated drug delivery. ACS NANO 2010; 4:2494-2509. [PMID: 20423067 DOI: 10.1021/nn100634r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Polymer films and coatings are among the popular and most successful tools to modulate surface properties of biomaterials, specifically tissue responses and fouling behavior. Over the past decade, a novel opportunity has been widely investigated, namely utility of surface coatings in surface-mediated drug delivery. In these applications, deposited polymer films act as both a coating to modulate surface properties and a reservoir for active therapeutic cargo. The field has recently accelerated beyond the proof-of-concept reports toward delivering practical solutions and established technologies for biomedical applications. This review briefly summarizes the recent successes of polymer thin films, specifically those constructed by sequential polymer deposition technique, in surface-mediated drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Zelikin
- Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark.
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182
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Tsai HA, Wu RR, Lee IC, Chang HY, Shen CN, Chang YC. Selection, Enrichment, and Maintenance of Self-Renewal Liver Stem/Progenitor Cells Utilizing Polypeptide Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:994-1001. [DOI: 10.1021/bm901461e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Ang Tsai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruei-Ren Wu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - I-Chi Lee
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsiao-Yuan Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Ning Shen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ying-Chih Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C., Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C., and Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan, R.O.C
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183
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Crouzier T, Szarpak A, Boudou T, Auzély-Velty R, Picart C. Polysaccharide-blend multilayers containing hyaluronan and heparin as a delivery system for rhBMP-2. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2010; 6:651-662. [PMID: 20155753 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200901728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that blend multilayers of hyaluronan (HA) and heparin (HEP) as polyanions and poly(L-lysine) (PLL) as a polycation can be used to prepare films with different thicknesses and chemical compositions. The amounts of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) loaded and the fraction initially released from the films depend on the film's chemical composition. The amounts of rhBMP-2 loaded in the films are much higher for HA mass fractions of more than 0.4. The bioactivity of the rhBMP-2-loaded films is investigated on C2C12 myoblasts, which differentiates into osteoblasts in contact with the films. The alkaline phosphatase expression for cells grown on nanoblend films of various compositions falls over a unique curve. This suggests that the cells "sensing" the rhBMP-2 are not influenced by the film's chemistry. The rhBMP-2 can sustain at least three successive culture sequences while remaining bioactive, thus confirming the important and protective effect of rhBMP-2. Altogether, these results indicate that crosslinked PLL/HA films have superior properties for the incorporation of rhBMP-2 and on its long-lasting bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Crouzier
- Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology and LMGP 3 Parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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184
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Nano-scale control of cellular environment to drive embryonic stem cells selfrenewal and fate. Biomaterials 2010; 31:1742-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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185
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Skirtach AG, Volodkin DV, Möhwald H. Bio-interfaces-Interaction of PLL/HA Thick Films with Nanoparticles and Microcapsules. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:822-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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186
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Zhang L, Sun J. Layer-by-Layer Codeposition of Polyelectrolyte Complexes and Free Polyelectrolytes for the Fabrication of Polymeric Coatings. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902508n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
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187
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Schlenoff JB. Retrospective on the future of polyelectrolyte multilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:14007-14010. [PMID: 19670891 DOI: 10.1021/la901950c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer, or multilayer, method of thin film growth has evolved into a widely-used enabling technology. Starting in the mid 1990's, an exponentially increasing number of publications on the topic, many appearing in this Journal, have shown how multilayers may be adapted to passive and active coatings, devices and architectures. Looking forward, this Perspective briefly summarizes some of the most promising emerging ideas and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Schlenoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
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188
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Boudou T, Crouzier T, Auzély-Velty R, Glinel K, Picart C. Internal composition versus the mechanical properties of polyelectrolyte multilayer films: the influence of chemical cross-linking. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:13809-13819. [PMID: 20560550 DOI: 10.1021/la9018663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Different types of polyelectrolyte multilayer films composed of poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronan (PLL/HA), chitosan/hyaluronan (CHI/HA) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(L-glutamic acid) (PAH/PGA) have been investigated for their internal composition, including water content, ion pairing, and ability to be covalently cross-linked, as well as for their mechanical properties. Film buildup under physiological conditions was monitored by the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), which allows unambiguous quantification of the different groups present in the polyelectrolytes. (PAH/PGA) films emerged as the most dense films with the lowest hydration (29%) and the highest COO(-) molar density. In addition, PAH is greatly in excess in these films (3 PAH monomers per PGA monomer). The formation of amide bonds during film cross-linking using the water-soluble carbodiimide EDC was also investigated. All of the films could be cross-linked in a tunable manner, but PAH/PGA exhibited the highest absolute number of amide bonds created, approximately 7 times more than for (PLL/HA) and (CHI/HA) films. The Young's modulus E of the films measured by AFM nanoindentation was shown to vary over 1 to 2 orders of magnitude for the different systems. Interestingly, a linear relationship between E and the density of the covalent cross-links created was observed for (PLL/HA) and (CHI/HA) films whereas (PGA/PAH) films exhibited biphasic behavior. The mean distance between covalent cross-links was estimated to be approximately 11 nm for (PLL/HA) and (CHI/HA) films and only approximately 6 nm for (PAH/PGA) films for the maximum EDC concentration tested (100 mg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boudou
- Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology and LMGP, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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189
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Porcel CH, Schlenoff JB. Compact polyelectrolyte complexes: "saloplastic" candidates for biomaterials. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:2968-75. [PMID: 19835412 PMCID: PMC2774624 DOI: 10.1021/bm900373c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Precipitates of polyelectrolyte complexes were transformed into rugged shapes suitable for bioimplants by ultracentrifugation in the presence of high salt concentration. Salt ions dope the complex, creating a softer material with viscous fluid-like properties. Complexes that were compacted under the centrifugal field (CoPECs) were made from poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium), PDADMA, as polycation, and poly(styrene sulfonate), PSS, or poly(methacrylic acid), PMAA, as polyanion. Dynamic mechanical testing revealed a rubbery plateau at lower frequencies for PSS/PDADMA with moduli that decreased with increasing salt concentration, as internal ion pair cross-links were broken. CoPECs had significantly lower modulii compared to similar polyelectrolyte complexes prepared by the "multilayering" method. The difference in mechanical properties was ascribed to higher water content (located in micropores) for the former and, more importantly, to their nonstoichiometric polymer composition. The modulus of PMAA/PDADMA CoPECs, under physiological conditions, demonstrated dynamic mechanical properties that were close to those of the nucleus pulposus in an intervertebral disk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph B. Schlenoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306
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190
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Lichter JA, Van Vliet KJ, Rubner MF. Design of Antibacterial Surfaces and Interfaces: Polyelectrolyte Multilayers as a Multifunctional Platform. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901356s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny A. Lichter
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Krystyn J. Van Vliet
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Michael F. Rubner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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191
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Hillberg AL, Holmes CA, Tabrizian M. Effect of genipin cross-linking on the cellular adhesion properties of layer-by-layer assembled polyelectrolyte films. Biomaterials 2009; 30:4463-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/15/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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192
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Alves NM, Picart C, Mano JF. Self Assembling and Crosslinking of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Films of Chitosan and Alginate Studied by QCM and IR Spectroscopy. Macromol Biosci 2009; 9:776-85. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200800336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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193
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Seo J, Lee H, Jeon J, Jang Y, Kim R, Char K, Nam JM. Tunable Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Platforms for Comparative Cell Assays. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:2254-60. [DOI: 10.1021/bm900439r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhwa Seo
- Center for Functional Polymer Thin Films and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - Hyojin Lee
- Center for Functional Polymer Thin Films and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - Jongho Jeon
- Center for Functional Polymer Thin Films and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - Yeongseon Jang
- Center for Functional Polymer Thin Films and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - Raehyun Kim
- Center for Functional Polymer Thin Films and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - Kookheon Char
- Center for Functional Polymer Thin Films and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Center for Functional Polymer Thin Films and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-744, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-747, Korea, and Hybrid Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 136-791, Korea
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194
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Feinberg AW, Schumacher JF, Brennan AB. Engineering high-density endothelial cell monolayers on soft substrates. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:2013-24. [PMID: 19269269 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that a confluent monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) can be tissue engineered on a soft substrate with a cell density and morphology that approximates in vivo conditions. We achieved formation of a confluent EC monolayer on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer by microcontact printing of fibronectin (FN) in a square lattice array of 3microm diameter circular islands at a 6microm pitch. Uniform coatings of FN or serum proteins on PDMS or on tissue-culture-treated polystyrene failed to support the equivalent EC density and/or confluence. The ECs on the FN micropatterned PDMS achieved a density of 1,536+/-247cellsmm(-2), close to the 3,215+/-336cellsmm(-2) observed in vivo from porcine pulmonary artery and significantly higher (2- to 5-fold) than EC density on other materials. The probable mechanism for enhanced EC adhesion, growth and density is increased focal adhesion (FA) formation between the ECs and the substrate. After 14days culture, the micropatterned FN surface increased the average number of FAs per cell to 35+/-10, compared to 7+/-6 for ECs on PDMS uniformly coated with FN. Thus, microscale patterning of FN into FA-sized, circular islands on PDMS elastomer promotes the formation of EC monolayers with in vivo-like cell density and morphology.
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195
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Buck ME, Breitbach AS, Belgrade SK, Blackwell HE, Lynn DM. Chemical modification of reactive multilayered films fabricated from poly(2-alkenyl azlactone)s: design of surfaces that prevent or promote mammalian cell adhesion and bacterial biofilm growth. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:1564-74. [PMID: 19438231 PMCID: PMC2697386 DOI: 10.1021/bm9001552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report an approach to the design of reactive polymer films that can be functionalized post-fabrication to either prevent or promote the attachment and growth of cells. Our approach is based on the reactive layer-by-layer assembly of covalently crosslinked thin films using a synthetic polyamine and a polymer containing reactive azlactone functionality. Our results demonstrate (i) that the residual azlactone functionality in these films can be exploited to immobilize amine-functionalized chemical motifs similar to those that promote or prevent cell and protein adhesion when assembled as self-assembled monolayers on gold-coated surfaces and (ii) that the immobilization of these motifs changes significantly the behaviors and interactions of cells with the surfaces of these polymer films. We demonstrate that films treated with the hydrophobic molecule decylamine support the attachment and growth of mammalian cells in vitro. In contrast, films treated with the hydrophilic carbohydrate d-glucamine prevent cell adhesion and growth almost completely. The results of additional experiments suggest that these large differences in cell behavior can be understood, at least in part, in terms of differences in the abilities of these two different chemical motifs to promote or prevent the adsorption of protein onto film-coated surfaces. We demonstrate further that this approach can be used to pattern regions of these reactive films that resist the initial attachment and subsequent invasion of mammalian cells for periods of at least one month in the presence of serum-containing cell culture media. Finally, we report that films that prevent the adhesion and growth of mammalian cells also prevent the initial formation of bacterial biofilms when incubated in the presence of the clinically relevant pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The results of these studies, collectively, suggest the basis of general approaches to the fabrication and functionalization of thin films that prevent, promote, or pattern cell growth or the formation of biofilms on surfaces of interest in the contexts of both fundamental biological studies and a broad range of other practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren E Buck
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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196
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Soofi SS, Last JA, Liliensiek SJ, Nealey PF, Murphy CJ. The elastic modulus of Matrigel as determined by atomic force microscopy. J Struct Biol 2009; 167:216-9. [PMID: 19481153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that the biophysical properties of the cellular microenvironment strongly influence a variety of fundamental cell behaviors. The extracellular matrix's (ECM) response to mechanical force, described mathematically as the elastic modulus, is believed to play a particularly critical role in regulatory and pathological cell behaviors. The basement membrane (BM) is a specialization of the ECM that serves as the immediate interface for many cell types (e.g. all epithelial cells) and through which cells are connected to the underlying stroma. Matrigel is a commercially available BM-like complex and serves as an easily accessible experimental simulant of native BMs. However, the local elastic modulus of Matrigel has not been defined under physiological conditions. Here we present the procedures and results of indentation tests performed on Matrigel with atomic force microscopy (AFM) in an aqueous, temperature controlled environment. The average modulus value was found to be approximately 450 Pa. However, this result is considerably higher than macroscopic shear storage moduli reported in the scientific literature. The reason for this discrepancy is believed to result from differences in test methods and the tendency of Matrigel to soften at temperatures below 37 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauheen S Soofi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States
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197
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Vázquez CP, Boudou T, Dulong V, Nicolas C, Picart C, Glinel K. Variation of polyelectrolyte film stiffness by photo-cross-linking: a new way to control cell adhesion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:3556-3563. [PMID: 19275180 DOI: 10.1021/la803577t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the preparation of polyelectrolyte films based on biopolymers whose nanomechanical properties can be tuned by photo-cross-linking. Cationic poly(L-lysine) was layer-by-layer assembled with anionic hyaluronan (HA) derivatives modified by photoreactive vinylbenzyl (VB) groups. The study of the multilayer buildup by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring showed that the presence of VB groups does not influence significantly the multilayer growth. Then the VB-modified HA incorporated into the films was cross-linked upon UV irradiation. UV spectroscopy measurements showed that the cross-linking rate of the multilayers increases with the amount of VB groups grafted onto HA chains. Force measurements performed by atomic force microscopy with a colloidal probe proved that the rigidity of the cross-linked films increases with the grafting degree of HA chains and consequently the number of cross-links. Cell culture assays performed on non-cross-linked and photo-cross-linked films with myoblast cells demonstrated that cell adhesion and proliferation are considerably improved with increasing film rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuauhtémoc Pozos Vázquez
- Laboratoire Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces, Université de Rouen-CNRS, Bd Maurice de Broglie, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
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198
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Chien HW, Chang TY, Tsai WB. Spatial control of cellular adhesion using photo-crosslinked micropatterned polyelectrolyte multilayer films. Biomaterials 2009; 30:2209-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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199
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Kirchhof K, Hristova K, Krasteva N, Altankov G, Groth T. Multilayer coatings on biomaterials for control of MG-63 osteoblast adhesion and growth. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:897-907. [PMID: 19034623 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Here, the layer-by-layer technique (LbL) was used to modify glass as model biomaterial with multilayers of chitosan and heparin to control the interaction with MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Different pH values during multilayer formation were applied to control their physico-chemical properties. In the absence of adhesive proteins like plasma fibronectin (pFN) both plain layers were rather cytophobic. Hence, the preadsorption of pFN was used to enhance cell adhesion which was strongly dependent on pH. Comparing the adhesion promoting effects of pFN with an engineered repeat of the FN III fragment and collagen I which both lack a heparin binding domain it was found that multilayers could bind pFN specifically because only this protein was capable of promoting cell adhesion. Multilayer surfaces that inhibited MG-63 adhesion did also cause a decreased cell growth in the presence of serum, while an enhanced adhesion of cells was connected to an improved cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Kirchhof
- Biomedical Materials Group, Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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200
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Garcia AS, Dellatore SM, Messersmith PB, Miller WM. Effects of supported lipid monolayer fluidity on the adhesion of hematopoietic progenitor cell lines to fibronectin-derived peptide ligands for alpha5beta1 and alpha4beta1 integrins. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:2994-3002. [PMID: 19437769 PMCID: PMC2784606 DOI: 10.1021/la802772y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking the in vivo stem cell niche to increase stem cell expansion will likely require the presentation of multiple ligands. Presenting ligands in fluid-supported lipid monolayers (SLMs) or bilayers (SLBs) allows for ligand diffusion to complement the arrangement of cell receptors as well as cell-mediated ligand rearrangement and clustering. Cells in tissues interact with ligands presented by other cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM), so it will likely be beneficial to present both cell-associated and ECM-derived ligands. A number of investigators have incorporated cell-membrane-associated ligands within fluid surfaces, and several groups have shown that these ligands cluster beneath the cells. However, few studies have investigated cell adhesion to ECM-derived ligands in fluid surfaces. Fibronectin is an important ECM component in many tissues, including the hematopoietic stem cell niche. We examined the adhesion of the M07e and THP-1 hematopoietic progenitor cell lines to fibronectin-derived peptide ligands for the alpha5beta1 (cyclic and linear RGD) and alpha4beta1 (cyclic LDV) integrins as well as the heparin-binding domain (HBD) presented as lipopeptides in fluid and gel SLMs. M07e cells adhered more avidly than THP-1 cells to all of the lipopeptides in fluid and gel surfaces. The adhesion of both cell lines to all peptides was less avid in fluid versus gel SLMs. Adhesion to cyclic LDV (cLDV) and cRGD was similar on gel SLMs for both cell lines. In contrast, adhesion to cLDV was less extensive than to cRGD in fluid SLMs, especially for M07e cells. Adhesion to linear RGD was less avid than to cRGD or cLDV and decreased to a greater extent in fluid SLMs. Human aortic endothelial cells adhered to cRGD in fluid SLMs and remained viable for at least 24 h but did not spread. We also showed additive THP-1 cell adhesion to cLDV and linear RGD lipopeptides presented in a fluid SLM. Although DOPC (dioleoyl phosphatidyl choline) SLMs are not sufficiently stable for long-term cell culture studies, our results and those of others suggest that fluid SLMs are likely to be useful for presenting multiple ligands and for mimicking short-term interactions in the stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Sofia Garcia
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Shara M. Dellatore
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | | | - William M. Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Robert H Laurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
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