151
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DeVallance E, Branyan KW, Lemaster K, Olfert IM, Smith DM, Pistilli EE, Frisbee JC, Chantler PD. Aortic dysfunction in metabolic syndrome mediated by perivascular adipose tissue TNFα- and NOX2-dependent pathway. Exp Physiol 2018; 103:590-603. [PMID: 29349831 DOI: 10.1113/ep086818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) has been shown to impair vascular function, but the impact of thoracic aorta perivascular adipose tissue (tPVAT)-derived TNFα on tPVAT and aortic function in metabolic syndrome is unknown. What is the main finding and its importance? Release of TNFα by tPVAT causes production of reactive oxygen species in tPVAT through activation of an NADPH-oxidase 2 (NOX2)-dependent pathway, activates production of aortic reactive oxygen species and mediates aortic stiffness, potentially through matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity. Neutralization of TNFα and/or inhibition of NOX2 blocks the tPVAT-induced impairment of aortic function. These data partly implicate tPVAT NOX2 and TNFα in mediating the vascular pathology of metabolic syndrome. ABSTRACT Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is recognized for its vasoactive effects, but it is unclear how metabolic syndrome impacts thoracic aorta (t)PVAT and the subsequent effect on functional and structural aortic stiffness. Thoracic aorta and tPVAT were removed from 16- to 17-week-old lean (LZR, n = 16) and obese Zucker rats (OZR, n = 16). The OZR presented with aortic endothelial dysfunction, assessed by wire myography, and increased aortic stiffness, assessed by elastic modulus. The OZR tPVAT exudate further exacerbated the endothelial dysfunction, reducing nitric oxide and endothelium-dependent relaxation (P < 0.05). Additionally, OZR tPVAT exudate had increased MMP9 activity (P < 0.05) and further increased the elastic modulus of the aorta after 72 h of co-culture (P < 0.05). We found that the observed aortic dysfunction caused by OZR tPVAT was mediated through increased production and release of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα; P < 0.01), which was dependent on tPVAT NADPH-oxidase 2 (NOX2) activity. The OZR tPVAT release of reactive oxygen species and subsequent aortic dysfunction were inhibited by TNFα neutralization and/or inhibition of NOX2. Additionally, we found that OZR tPVAT had reduced activity of the active sites of the 20S proteasome (P < 0.05) and reduced superoxide dismutase activity (P < 0.01). In conclusion, metabolic syndrome causes tPVAT dysfunction through an interplay between TNFα and NOX2 that leads to tPVAT-mediated aortic stiffness by activation of aortic reactive oxygen species and increased MMP9 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan DeVallance
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kayla W Branyan
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kent Lemaster
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - I Mark Olfert
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - David M Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Emidio E Pistilli
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jefferson C Frisbee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Paul D Chantler
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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152
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Yang H, Wu D, Li H, Chen N, Shang Y. Downregulation of microRNA-448 inhibits IL-1β-induced cartilage degradation in human chondrocytes via upregulation of matrilin-3. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:7. [PMID: 29483929 PMCID: PMC5824452 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis is characterized by the continuous degradation of the articular cartilage. The microRNA miR-448 has been found to be broadly involved in cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and EMT. While aberrant expression of miR-448 has been found in multiple cancers, its level in osteoarthritis cartilage and its role in the progression of this disease are still unknown. Here, we examined the functional roles of miR-448 and its expression in osteoarthritis tissues, including IL-1β-stimulated osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Methods Chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage and stimulated with IL-1β. The expression levels of miR-448 in the cartilage and chondrocytes were both determined. After transfection with an miR-448 mimic or inhibitor, the mRNA levels of aggrecan, type II collagen and MMP-13 were determined. Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to explore whether matrilin-3 was a target of miR-448. Furthermore, we co-transfected chondrocytes with miR-448 inhibitor and siRNA for matrilin-3 and then stimulated them with IL-1β to determine whether miR-448-mediated IL-1β-induced cartilage matrix degradation resulted from directly targeting matrilin-3. Results The level of miR-448 was significantly higher and matrilin-3 expression was significantly lower in osteoarthritis cartilage and IL-1β-induced chondrocytes than in normal tissues and cells. Furthermore, matrilin-3 expression was reduced by miR-448 overexpression. MiR-448 downregulation significantly alleviated the IL-1β-induced downregulation of aggrecan and type II collagen expression, and upregulation of MMP-13 expression. MiR-448 overexpression had the opposite effects. Knockdown of matrilin-3 reversed the effects of the miR-448 inhibitor on the expressions of aggrecan, type II collagen and MMP-13. Conclusion The findings showed that miR-448 contributed to the progression of osteoarthritis by directly targeting matrilin-3. This indicates that it has potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- 1Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032 Yunnan Province People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- 1Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032 Yunnan Province People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Li
- 1Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032 Yunnan Province People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Chen
- 1Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032 Yunnan Province People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, No. 156 Xinhua Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116021 Liaoning Province People's Republic of China
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153
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Amigo-Jiménez I, Bailón E, Aguilera-Montilla N, García-Marco JA, García-Pardo A. Gene expression profile induced by arsenic trioxide in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells reveals a central role for heme oxygenase-1 in apoptosis and regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83359-83377. [PMID: 27829220 PMCID: PMC5347775 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CLL remains an incurable disease in spite of the many new compounds being tested. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) induces apoptosis in all CLL cell types and could constitute an efficient therapy. To further explore this, we have studied the gene expression profile induced by ATO in CLL cells. ATO modulated many genes, largely involved in oxidative stress, being HMOX1 the most upregulated gene, also induced at the protein level. ATO also increased MMP-9, as we previously observed, both at the mRNA and protein level. Using specific inhibitors, qPCR analyses, and gene silencing approaches we demonstrate that upregulation of MMP-9 by ATO involved activation of the p38 MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway. Moreover, gene silencing HMOX1 or inhibiting HMOX1 activity enhanced p38 MAPK phosphorylation and c-jun expression/activation, resulting in transcriptional upregulation of MMP-9. Overexpression of HMOX1 or enhancement of its activity, had the opposite effect. Cell viability analyses upon modulation of HMOX1 expression or activity demonstrated that HMOX1 had a pro-apoptotic role and enhanced the cytotoxic effect of ATO in CLL cells. We have therefore identified a new mechanism in which HMOX1 plays a central role in the response of CLL cells to ATO and in the regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein MMP-9. Thus, HMOX1 arises as a new therapeutic target in CLL and the combination of HMOX1 modulators with ATO may constitute an efficient therapeutic strategy in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Amigo-Jiménez
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Bailón
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Aguilera-Montilla
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José A García-Marco
- Molecular Cytogenetics Unit, Hematology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles García-Pardo
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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154
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Kim HI, Jeong YU, Kim JH, Park YJ. 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, a Citrus Flavonoid, Inhibits Collagenase Activity and Induces Type I Procollagen Synthesis in HDFn Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E620. [PMID: 29470423 PMCID: PMC5855842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits contain various types of flavonoids with powerful anti-aging and photoprotective effects on the skin, and have thus been attracting attention as potential, efficacious skincare agents. Here, we aimed to investigate the chemical composition of Citrus unshiu and its protective effects on photoaging. We isolated and identified a bioactive compound, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone (HMF), from C. unshiu peels using ethanol extraction and hexane fractionation. HMF inhibited collagenase activity and increased type I procollagen content in UV-induced human dermal fibroblast neonatal (HDFn) cells. HMF also suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinases 1 (MMP-1) and induced the expression of type I procollagen protein in UV-induced HDFn cells. Additionally, HMF inhibited ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) cascade signaling components-ERK, JNK, and c-Jun-which are involved in the induction of MMP-1 expression. Furthermore, HMF affected the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, which is involved in the regulation of type I procollagen expression. In particular, HMF induced Smad3 protein expression and suppressed Smad7 protein expression in UV-induced HDFn cells in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest a role for Citrusunshiu in the preparation of skincare products in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
| | - Yong-Un Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
| | - Jong-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
| | - Young-Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Research Institute for Biomedical & Health Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si 27478, Korea.
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155
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An G, Zhang X, Wang W, Huang Q, Li Y, Shan S, Corrigan CJ, Wang W, Ying S. The effects of interleukin-33 on airways collagen deposition and matrix metalloproteinase expression in a murine surrogate of asthma. Immunology 2018; 154:637-650. [PMID: 29455466 PMCID: PMC6050212 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma through a variety of pathways, but its role in airways fibrosis in asthma has not been fully elucidated. In the present study we evaluated changes in the expression of extracellular matrix proteins (ECMs) as well as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) in an IL-33-induced, antigen-independent murine surrogate of asthma as well as a conventional surrogate employing per-nasal challenge of mice previously sensitized to produce an IgE response to ovalbumin (OVA). In addition, in in vitro experiments we explored the direct effects of IL-33 on the proliferation and function of murine fibroblasts. Per-nasal administration of IL-33 alone was sufficient to induce airways deposition of ECMs, including collagens I, III, V and fibronectin, to a degree comparable with that observed in the OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. These changes were associated with a local imbalance between the expression of extracellular MMPs and TIMPs. Per-nasal challenge of mice with IL-33 also induced elevated airways expression of connective tissue growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptor 4, two key facilitators of local fibrosis, again to a degree compatible with that observed in OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. Deletion of the ST2 gene, which encodes the IL-33 receptor, abrogated these fibrotic changes in the airways in the OVA surrogate. In vitro, IL-33 significantly increased the proliferation and expression of collagen III by murine lung fibroblasts. These data suggest that direct exposure of murine airways to IL-33 is able to induce local fibrotic changes, at least partially through effects of signalling through the IL-33/ST2 axis on fibroblast function and local expression of MMPs and their inhibitors, and other fibrosis-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao An
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineBeijing Institute of Respiratory MedicineBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan Li
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shan Shan
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chris J. Corrigan
- Faculty of Life Sciences & MedicineSchool of Immunology & Microbial SciencesAsthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Sun Ying
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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156
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López-Martínez C, Huidobro C, Albaiceta GM, López-Alonso I. Mechanical stretch modulates cell migration in the lungs. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:28. [PMID: 29430445 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2017.12.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is a core process to preserve homeostasis. Release of chemotactic signals induces changes in cell cytoskeleton to facilitate migration. This includes the rearrangement of cytoskeleton, genomic reprogramming and the modification of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) to allow the motion of cells through. In the special case of repair after acute lung injury, cells must migrate while exposed to an increased mechanical stretch caused either by an increased work of breathing or positive-pressure ventilation. Interestingly, the cell response to this increased mechanical load can modify virtually all the mechanisms involved in cell migration. In this review we explore the interplay between stretch and the machinery responsible for cell migration. A translational approach to find new therapies in acute lung injury must take into account these interactions in order to develop effective treatments that promote lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia López-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Covadonga Huidobro
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Guillermo M Albaiceta
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiológicos, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Inés López-Alonso
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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157
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Vieira CP, Viola M, Carneiro GD, D'Angelo ML, Vicente CP, Passi A, Pimentel ER. Glycine improves the remodeling process of tenocytes in vitro. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:804-814. [PMID: 29345399 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tendinitis changes the biochemical and morphological properties of the tendon, promoting an increase of activity of metalloproteinases and disorganization of collagen bundles. Tenocytes, the primary cells in tendon, are scattered throughout the collagenic fibers, and are responsible of tendon remodeling and tissue repair in pathological condition. In vivo, glycine, component of the typical Gly-X-Y collagen tripeptide, showed beneficial effects in biochemical and biomechanical properties of Achilles tendon with tendinitis. In this study, we analyzed the effect of glycine in tenocytes subjected to inflammation. Tenocytes from Achilles tendon of rats were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) with and without previous treatment with glycine (20 mM). Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated, as well as the expression of matrix molecules such as glycosaminoglycans, metalloproteinases (MMPs), TIMPs, and collagen I. Glycine can revert the inflammation due to the action of TNF-α by controlling the MMPs quantity and activity. These data indicated that the molecules involved to remodeling process of extracellular matrix are modulated both by TNF-α and the availability of collagen precursors; in fact, this study indicates the glycine can be useful for treatment of inflammation and for modulating tenocytes metabolism in tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Pedrozo Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Giane Daniela Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Cristina Pontes Vicente
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Edson Rosa Pimentel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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158
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Ujfaludi Z, Tuzesi A, Majoros H, Rothler B, Pankotai T, Boros IM. Coordinated activation of a cluster of MMP genes in response to UVB radiation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2660. [PMID: 29422610 PMCID: PMC5805780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) B radiation is a dangerous environmental stressor, which can lead to photoaging, inflammation, immune suppression and tumour formation. A recent report has shown the transcriptional activation of several skin-specific genes including matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in response to UV irradiation. Here, we use a novel human keratinocyte model, HKerE6SFM, to demonstrate that UVB activates the transcription of most members of the 11q22.3 MMP gene cluster including MMP13, MMP12, MMP3, MMP1 and MMP10. Curiously, the expression of the well-characterized UVB-inducible MMP9, which is located outside of the cluster, remains unchanged. In accordance with the increased expression of the MMP gene cluster upon UVB irradiation, RNA polymerase II showed increased occupancy at their promoters following UVB irradiation. The results also demonstrate increased acetylated histone H3K9 levels at the promoters of the MMP13, MMP12, MMP3, MMP1 and MMP10 genes. These findings suggest a coordinated transcriptional activation of genes in the MMP cluster at 11q22.3 and that acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 has an important role in the UVB-dependent enhancement of transcription of MMP genes in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Ujfaludi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FSI, USZ, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, H6726, Hungary
| | - Agota Tuzesi
- Institute of Biochemistry, BRC, HAS, Temesvári körút 62, H6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Majoros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FSI, USZ, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, H6726, Hungary
| | - Balint Rothler
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FSI, USZ, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, H6726, Hungary
| | - Tibor Pankotai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FSI, USZ, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, H6726, Hungary.
| | - Imre M Boros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FSI, USZ, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, H6726, Hungary. .,Institute of Biochemistry, BRC, HAS, Temesvári körút 62, H6726, Szeged, Hungary.
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159
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Knirsh R, Ben-Dror I, Modai S, Shomron N, Vardimon L. MicroRNA 10b promotes abnormal expression of the proto-oncogene c-Jun in metastatic breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59932-59944. [PMID: 27494896 PMCID: PMC5312359 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs have been shown to act as oncogenes or tumor suppressers via various cellular pathways. Specifically, in breast cancer, upregulation of miR-10b is positively associated with aggressiveness of tumors. However, the mechanism by which miR-10b contributes to cell malignancy is largely unknown. Here we show that at the receiving end of the miR-10b pathway is the proto-oncogene c-Jun, a transcription factor that plays a critical role in stimulation of cell proliferation and tumor progression. c-Jun is known to be translationally activated by loss of cell contacts or restructuring of the cytoskeleton. A comprehensive analysis of miRNA expression exhibited a significant increase in miR-10b expression. This was supported by analysis of breast cancer cells, which showed that loss of E-cadherin in metastatic cells is accompanied by elevation of miR-10b and interestingly, by a marked increase in accumulation of c-Jun. Silencing miR-10b in metastatic breast cancer cells leads to a decline in c-Jun expression, whereas overexpression of miR-10b in HaCaT cells is sufficient to elevate the accumulation of c-Jun. The increase in c-Jun protein accumulation in metastatic cells is not accompanied by an increase in c-Jun mRNA and is not dependent on MAPK activity. Knockdown and overexpression experiments revealed that the increase is mediated by NF1 and RhoC, downstream targets of miR-10b that affect cytoskeletal dynamics through the ROCK pathway. Overall, we show the ability of miR-10b to activate the expression of c-Jun through RhoC and NF1, which represents a novel pathway for promoting migration and invasion of human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revital Knirsh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Ben-Dror
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shira Modai
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lily Vardimon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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160
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Cell death-based treatments of melanoma:conventional treatments and new therapeutic strategies. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:112. [PMID: 29371600 PMCID: PMC5833861 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of malignant melanoma has continued to rise during the past decades. However, in the last few years, treatment protocols have significantly been improved thanks to a better understanding of the key oncogenes and signaling pathways involved in its pathogenesis and progression. Anticancer therapy would either kill tumor cells by triggering apoptosis or permanently arrest them in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Unfortunately, melanoma is often refractory to commonly used anticancer drugs. More recently, however, some new anticancer strategies have been developed that are “external” to cancer cells, for example stimulating the immune system’s response or inhibiting angiogenesis. In fact, the increasing knowledge of melanoma pathogenetic mechanisms, in particular the discovery of genetic mutations activating specific oncogenes, stimulated the development of molecularly targeted therapies, a form of treatment in which a drug (chemical or biological) is developed with the goal of exclusively destroying cancer cells by interfering with specific molecules that drive growth and spreading of the tumor. Again, after the initial exciting results associated with targeted therapy, tumor resistance and/or relapse of the melanoma lesion have been observed. Hence, very recently, new therapeutic strategies based on the modulation of the immune system function have been developed. Since cancer cells are known to be capable of evading immune-mediated surveillance, i.e., to block the immune system cell activity, a series of molecular strategies, including monoclonal antibodies, have been developed in order to “release the brakes” on the immune system igniting immune reactivation and hindering metastatic melanoma cell growth. In this review we analyze the various biological strategies underlying conventional chemotherapy as well as the most recently developed targeted therapies and immunotherapies, pointing at the molecular mechanisms of cell injury and death engaged by the different classes of therapeutic agents.
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161
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Patruno A, Ferrone A, Costantini E, Franceschelli S, Pesce M, Speranza L, Amerio P, D'Angelo C, Felaco M, Grilli A, Reale M. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields accelerates wound healing modulating MMP-9 and inflammatory cytokines. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12432. [PMID: 29357406 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In our previous reports, we have demonstrated that extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) exposure enhances the proliferation of keratinocyte. The present study aimed to clarify effects of ELF-EMF on wound healing and molecular mechanisms involved, using a scratch in vitro model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The wounded monolayer cultures of human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT), at different ELF-EMF and Sham exposure times were monitored under an inverted microscope. The production and expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18 and IL-18BP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR. The activity and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2/9 was evaluated by zymography and Western blot analysis, respectively. Signal transduction proteins expression (Akt and ERK) was measured by Western blot. RESULTS The results of wound healing in vitro assay revealed a significant reduction of cell-free area time-dependent in ELF-EMF-exposed cells compared to Sham condition. Gene expression and release of cytokines analysed were significantly increased in ELF-EMF-exposed cells. Our results further showed that ELF-EMF exposure induced the activity and expressions of MMP-9. Molecular data showed that effects of ELF-EMF might be mediated via Akt and ERK signal pathway, as demonstrated using their specific inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight ability of ELF-EMF to modulate inflammation mediators and keratinocyte proliferation/migration, playing an important role in wound repair. The ELF-EMF accelerates wound healing modulating expression of the MMP-9 via Akt/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - A Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - E Costantini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - S Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - M Pesce
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - L Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - P Amerio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - C D'Angelo
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - M Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - A Grilli
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - M Reale
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
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162
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Jeffrey EJ, Crawford BD. The epitope-mediated MMP activation assay: detection and quantification of the activation of Mmp2 in vivo in the zebrafish embryo. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 149:277-286. [PMID: 29350268 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Matrix remodeling is a consequence of tightly regulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. MMPs are synthesized as inactive precursors with auto-inhibitory N-terminal propeptides, the proteolytic removal of which exposes the catalytic zinc ion, rendering the protease active. The regulation of MMP activation has been investigated primarily in tissue culture and biochemical assays that lack important biological context. Here we present the epitope-mediated MMP activation (EMMA) assay and use it to observe the activation of Mmp2 (gelatinase A) by endogenous mechanisms in the intact zebrafish embryo. The hemagglutinin (HA) and GFP-tagged reporter construct becomes activated on the surface of specific cells and this activation is abolished by broad-spectrum inhibition of metalloproteinase activity, consistent with existing models of gelatinase A activation. The mechanism(s) acting on the construct are spatially restricted, metalloproteinase-dependent and replacing the HA tag with mCherry abolishes activation, showing that the mechanism(s) are sensitive to the structure of the N-terminal domain. The construct is activated strongly in maturing myotome boundaries, but also intracellularly within myofibrils, consistent with reports implicating this protease in muscle development and function. In addition to general-purpose tools for the production of "EMMAed" MMPs and other proteins, we have established a transgenic line of zebrafish expressing EMMAedMmp2 under control of an inducible promoter to facilitate further investigation into the regulation of this ubiquitous ECM-remodeling protease in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Jeffrey
- Matrix Dynamics Lab, Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, 10 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Bryan D Crawford
- Matrix Dynamics Lab, Biology Department, University of New Brunswick, 10 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A3, Canada.
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163
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Cheng HL, Hsieh MJ, Yang JS, Lin CW, Lue KH, Lu KH, Yang SF. Nobiletin inhibits human osteosarcoma cells metastasis by blocking ERK and JNK-mediated MMPs expression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35208-23. [PMID: 27144433 PMCID: PMC5085222 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavone, has a few pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effects. However, its effect on human osteosarcoma progression remains uninvestigated. Therefore, we examined the effectiveness of nobiletin against cellular metastasis of human osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanisms. Nobiletin, up to 100 μM without cytotoxicity, significantly decreased motility, migration and invasion as well as enzymatic activities, protein levels and mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in U2OS and HOS cells. In addition to inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), the inhibitory effect of nobiletin on the DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and specificity protein 1 (SP-1) in U2OS and HOS cells. Co-treatment with ERK and JNK inhibitors and nobiletin further reduced U2OS cells migration and invasion. These results indicated that nobiletin inhibits human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells motility, migration and invasion by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions via ERK and JNK pathways and through the inactivation of downstream NF-κB, CREB, and SP-1. Nobiletin has the potential to serve as an anti-metastatic agent for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Lin Cheng
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Haung Lue
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hsiu Lu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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164
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Enciso N, Ostronoff LLK, Mejías G, León LG, Fermín ML, Merino E, Fragio C, Avedillo L, Tejero C. Stem cell factor supports migration in canine mesenchymal stem cells. Vet Res Commun 2018; 42:29-38. [PMID: 29297135 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-017-9705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) are cells that can be defined as multipotent cells able to differentiate into diverse lineages, under appropriate conditions. These cells have been widely used in regenerative medicine, both in preclinical and clinical settings. Initially discovered in bone marrow, MSC can now be isolated from a wide spectrum of adult and foetal tissues. Studies to evaluate the therapeutic potential of these cells are based on their ability to arrive to damaged tissues. In this paper we have done a comparative study analyzing proliferation, surface markers and OCT4, SOX9, RUNX2, PPARG genes expression in MSC cells from Bone marrow (BMMSC) and Adipose tissue (ASC). We also analyzed the role of Stem Cell Factor (SCF) on MSC proliferation and on ASCs metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9 secretion. Healthy dogs were used as BMMSC donors, and ASC were collected from omentum during elective ovariohysterectomy surgery. Both cell types were cultured in IMDM medium with or without SCF, 10% Dog Serum (DS), and incubated at 38 °C with 5% CO2. Growth of BMMSCs and ASCs was exponential until 25-30 days. Flow citometry of MSCs revealed positive results for CD90 and negative for CD34, CD45 and MCH-II. Genes were evaluated by RT-PCR and metalloproteinases by zymografy. Our findings indicate morphological and immunological similarities as well as expression of genes from both origins on analyzed cells. Furthermore, SCF did not affect proliferation of MSCs, however it up-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in ASCs. These results suggest that metalloproteinases are possibly essential molecules pivoting migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Enciso
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luciana L K Ostronoff
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Mejías
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia G León
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start-Up Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - María Luisa Fermín
- Departamento de Cirugía y Medicina Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Merino
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Fragio
- Departamento de Cirugía y Medicina Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Avedillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Tejero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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165
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Dong F, Liu T, Jin H, Wang W. Chimaphilin inhibits human osteosarcoma cell invasion and metastasis through suppressing the TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers via PI-3K/Akt, ERK1/2, and Smad signaling pathways. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:1-7. [PMID: 28177668 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a cellular process associated with cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the antimetastatic effects of chimaphilin remain elusive. In this study, we attempted to investigate the potential use of chimaphilin as an inhibitor of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in U2OS cells. We found that TGF-β1 induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to promote U2OS cell invasion and metastasis. Western blotting demonstrated that chimaphilin inhibited U2OS cell invasion and migration, increased the expression of the epithelial phenotype marker E-cadherin, repressed the expression of the mesenchymal phenotype marker vimentin, as well as decreased the level of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-inducing transcription factors Snail1 and Slug during the initiation of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In this study, we revealed that chimaphilin up-regulated the E-cadherin expression level and inhibited the production of vimentin, Snail1, and Slug in TGF-β1-induced U2OS cells by blocking PI-3K/Akt and ERK 1/2 signaling pathway. Additionally, the TGF-β1-mediated phosphorylated levels of Smad2/3 were inhibited by chimaphilin pretreatment. Above all, we conclude that chimaphilin represents an effective inhibitor of the metastatic potential of U2OS cells through suppression of TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Dong
- 3rd Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hao Jin
- 3rd Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- 3rd Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin 150001, China
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166
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Goodarzi P, Alavi-Moghadam S, Sarvari M, Tayanloo Beik A, Falahzadeh K, Aghayan H, Payab M, Larijani B, Gilany K, Rahim F, Adibi H, Arjmand B. Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells for Wound Healing. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1119:133-149. [PMID: 29858972 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Skin as the outer layer covers the body. Wounds can affect this vital organ negatively and disrupt its functions. Wound healing as a biological process is initiated immediately after an injury. This process consists of three stages: inflammation, proliferation, remodeling. Generally, these three stages occur continuously and timely. However, some factors such as infection, obesity and diabetes mellitus can interfere with these stages and impede the normal healing process which results in chronic wounds. Financial burden on both patients and health care systems, negative biologic effect on the patient's general health status and reduction in quality of life are a number of issues which make chronic wounds as a considerable challenge. During recent years, along with advances in the biomedical sciences, various surgical and non-surgical therapeutic methods have been suggested. All of these suggested treatments have their own advantages and disadvantages. Recently, cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine represent promising approaches to wound healing. Accordingly, several types of mesenchymal stem cells have been used in both preclinical and clinical settings for the treatment of wounds. Adipose-derived stromal cells are a cost-effective source of mesenchymal stem cells in wound management which can be easily harvest from adipose tissues through the less invasive processes with high yield rates. In addition, their ability to secrete multiple cytokines and growth factors, and differentiation into skin cells make them an ideal cell type to use in wound treatment. This is a concise overview on the application of adipose-derived stromal cells in wound healing and their role in the treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Goodarzi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sarvari
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Tayanloo Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Falahzadeh
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Aghayan
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fakher Rahim
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Adibi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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167
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Chai H, Tao Z, Chen W, Xu Y, Huang F, Su C, Chen X. Cortistatin attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm through inactivation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1801-1806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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168
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Zou S, Shang ZF, Liu B, Zhang S, Wu J, Huang M, Ding WQ, Zhou J. DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι) promotes invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32274-85. [PMID: 27057634 PMCID: PMC5078012 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase iota (Pol ι) is an error-prone DNA polymerase involved in translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) that contributes to the accumulation of DNA mutations. We recently showed that Pol ι is overexpressed in human esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) tissues which promotes ESCC' progression. The present study was aimed at investigating the molecular mechanisms by which Pol ι enhances the invasiveness and metastasis of ESCC cells. We found that the expression of Pol ι is significantly higher in ESCCs with lymph node metastasis compared to those without lymph node metastasis. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed an inverse correlation between Pol ι expression and patient prognosis. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), two essential regulators of cells' invasiveness, were positively associated with Pol ι expression in ESCC tissues. Ectopic expression of Pol ι enhanced the motility and invasiveness of ESCC cells as evaluated by wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. A xenograft nude mouse model showed that Pol ι promotes the colonization of ESCC cells in the liver, lung and kidney. Signaling pathway analysis identified the JNK-AP-1 cascade as a mediator of the Pol ι-induced increase in the expression of MMP-2/9 and enhancement of ESCC progression. These data demonstrate the underlying mechanism by which Pol ι promotes ESCC progression, suggesting that Pol ι is a potential novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Zou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Zeng-Fu Shang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Biao Liu
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P.R. China
| | - Jinchang Wu
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Min Huang
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jundong Zhou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215001, P.R. China
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169
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Liu L, Yang C, Shen J, Huang L, Lin W, Tang H, Liang W, Shao W, Zhang H, He J. GABRA3 promotes lymphatic metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma by mediating upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32341-50. [PMID: 27081042 PMCID: PMC5078017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the main reason for the poor prognosis of lung cancer patients. The GABAA receptor subunit GABRA3 is reportedly upregulated in lung cancer. Herein, we show that high GABRA3 protein expression in lung adenocarcinoma correlated positively with disease stage, lymphatic metastasis status and poor patient survival. In addition, GABRA3 induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression through activation of the JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway, which enhanced lymphatic metastasis by lung adenocarcinoma both in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that GABRA3 promotes lymph node metastasis and may thus be an effective therapeutic target for anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liu
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Yang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liyan Huang
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixuan Lin
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailing Tang
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- The Translational Medicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Department of Anesthesia, Medicine and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianxing He
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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170
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Yeh CM, Lin CW, Yang JS, Yang WE, Su SC, Yang SF. Melatonin inhibits TPA-induced oral cancer cell migration by suppressing matrix metalloproteinase-9 activation through the histone acetylation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21952-67. [PMID: 26980735 PMCID: PMC5008336 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin exerts antimetastatic effects on liver and breast cancer and also inhibits matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. However, the detailed impacts and underlying mechanisms of melatonin on oral cancer cell metastasis are still unclear. This study showed that melatonin attenuated the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced migration of oral cancer cell lines, HSC-3 and OECM-1. Zymography, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blotting analyses revealed that melatonin lessened MMP-9 enzyme activity as well as the expression of MMP-9 mRNA and protein. Furthermore, melatonin suppressed the phosphorylation of the ERK1/2 signalling pathway, which dampened MMP-9 gene transcription by affecting the expression of transcriptional coactivators, such as CREB-binding protein (CREBBP) and E1A binding protein p300 (EP300), and decreasing histone acetylation in HSC-3 and OECM-1 cells. Examinations on clinical samples exhibited that MMP-9, CREBBP, and EP300 were significantly increased in oral cancer tissues. Moreover, the relative level of CREBBP was positively correlated with the expression of MMP-9 and EP300. In conclusion, we demonstrated that melatonin inhibits the motility of HSC-3 and OECM-1 cells in vitro through a molecular mechanism that involves attenuation of MMP-9 expression and activity mediated by decreased histone acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ming Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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171
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A selective inhibition of c-Fos/activator protein-1 as a potential therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration and associated pain. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16983. [PMID: 29208967 PMCID: PMC5717052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of low back pain. The transcription factor c-Fos/Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) controls the expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that contribute to the pathogenesis IVD degeneration. We investigated the effects of inhibition of c-Fos/AP-1 on IVD degeneration and associated pain. A selective inhibitor, T-5224, significantly suppressed the interleukin-1β-induced up-regulation of Mmp-3, Mmp-13 and Adamts-5 transcription in human nucleus pulposus cells and in a mouse explant culture model of IVD degeneration. We used a tail disc percutaneous needle puncture method to further assess the effects of oral administration of T-5224 on IVD degeneration. Analysis of disc height, T2-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and histology revealed that IVD degeneration was significantly mitigated by T-5224. Further, oral administration of T-5224 ameliorated pain as indicated by the extended tail-flick latency in response to heat stimulation of rats with needle-puncture-induced IVD degeneration. These findings suggest that the inhibition of c-Fos/AP-1 prevents disc degeneration and its associated pain and that T-5224 may serve as a drug for the prevention of IVD degeneration.
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Neidlin M, Korcari A, Macheras G, Alexopoulos LG. Cue-Signal-Response Analysis in 3D Chondrocyte Scaffolds with Anabolic Stimuli. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 46:345-353. [PMID: 29147820 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-017-1964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is an avascular connective tissue responsible for bearing loads. Cell signaling plays a central role in cartilage homeostasis and tissue engineering by directing chondrocytes to synthesize/degrade the extracellular matrix or promote inflammatory responses. The aim of this paper was to investigate anabolic, catabolic and inflammatory pathways of well-known and underreported anabolic stimuli in 3D chondrocyte cultures and connect them to diverse cartilage responses including matrix regeneration and cell communication. A cue-signal-response experiment was performed in chondrocytes embedded in alginate scaffolds subjected to a 9-day treatment with 7 anabolic cues. At the signaling level diverse pathways were measured whereas at the response level glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and cytokine releases were monitored. A significant increase of GAG was observed for each stimulus and well known anabolic phosphoproteins were activated. In addition, WNK1, an underreported protein of chondrocyte signaling, was uncovered. At the extracellular level, inflammatory and regulating cytokines were measured and DEFB1 and CXCL10 were identified as novel contributors to chondrocyte responses, both closely linked to TLR signaling and inflammation. Finally, two new pro-growth factors with an inflammatory potential, Cadherin-11 and MGP were observed. Interestingly, well-known anabolic stimuli yielded inflammatory responses which pinpoints to the pleiotropic roles of individual stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Neidlin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonion Korcari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas G Alexopoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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173
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Alaseem A, Alhazzani K, Dondapati P, Alobid S, Bishayee A, Rathinavelu A. Matrix Metalloproteinases: A challenging paradigm of cancer management. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 56:100-115. [PMID: 29155240 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are members of zinc-dependent endopeptidases implicated in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Over the decades, MMPs have been studied for their role in cancer progression, migration, and metastasis. As a result, accumulated evidence of MMPs incriminating role has made them an attractive therapeutic target. Early generations of broad-spectrum MMP inhibitors exhibited potent inhibitory activities, which subsequently led to clinical trials. Unexpectedly, these trials failed to meet the desired goals, mainly due to the lack of efficacy, poor oral bioavailability, and toxicity. In this review, we discuss the regulatory role of MMPs in cancer progression, current strategies in targeting MMPs for cancer treatment including prodrug design and tumor imaging, and therapeutic value of MMPs as biomarkers in breast, lung, and prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alaseem
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA; College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhazzani
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA; College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priya Dondapati
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Saad Alobid
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA; College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Appu Rathinavelu
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA.
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174
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Matsuba S, Yabe-Wada T, Takeda K, Sato T, Suyama M, Takai T, Kikuchi T, Nukiwa T, Nakamura A. Identification of Secretory Leukoprotease Inhibitor As an Endogenous Negative Regulator in Allergic Effector Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1538. [PMID: 29181004 PMCID: PMC5693852 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils are central effectors in allergic inflammatory disorders. These cells secrete abundant serine proteases as well as chemical mediators and cytokines; however, the expression profiles and functions of their endogenous inhibitors remain elusive. We found that murine secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) is expressed in basophils and eosinophils but in not in mast cells. SLPI-deficient (Slpi−/−) basophils produce more cytokines than wild-type mice after IgE stimulation. Although the deletion of SLPI in basophils did not affect the release of chemical mediators upon IgE stimulation, the enzymatic activity of the serine protease tryptase was increased in Slpi−/− basophils. Mice transferred with Slpi−/− basophils were highly sensitive to IgE-mediated chronic allergic inflammation. Eosinophils lacking SLPI showed greater interleukin-6 secretion and invasive activity upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation, and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 by these eosinophils was increased without stimulation. The absence of SLPI increases JNK1 phosphorylation at the steady state, and augments the serine phosphorylation of JNK1-downstream ETS transcriptional factor Elk-1 in eosinophils upon stimulation. Of note, SLPI interacts with a scaffold protein, JNK-interacting protein 3 (JIP3), that constitutively binds to the cytoplasmic domain of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, suggesting that SLPI controls Elk-1 activation via binding to JIP3 in eosinophils. Mice transferred with Slpi−/− eosinophils showed the exacerbation of chitin-induced allergic inflammation. These findings showed that SLPI is a negative regulator in allergic effector cells and suggested a novel inhibitory role of SLPI in the TLR4 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Matsuba
- Department of Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yabe-Wada
- Department of Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takeda
- Division of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sato
- Division of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikita Suyama
- Division of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takai
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nukiwa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Nakamura
- Division of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Chung TT, Chuang CY, Teng YH, Hsieh MJ, Lai JC, Chuang YT, Chen MK, Yang SF. Tricetin suppresses human oral cancer cell migration by reducing matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression through the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2392-2399. [PMID: 28731287 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Tricetin is a flavonoid derivative and a potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer agent. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of tricetin on human oral cancer cell migration remains unclear. The cell migration and invasion abilities of three oral cancer cell lines (SCC-9, HSC-3, and OECM-1) were analyzed using Boyden chamber migration assays. Our results demonstrated that tricetin attenuates 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced SCC-9, HSC-3, and OECM-1 cell invasiveness and migration by reducing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 enzyme activity. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and luciferase reporter assay revealed that tricetin downregulates the mRNA expression and promoter activity of MMP-9. In addition, Western blot analysis revealed that tricetin significantly reduced the levels of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2 and p38 levels but not those of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that tricetin suppresses MMP-9 enzymatic activity by downregulating the p38/JNK1/2 pathway and might be a beneficial chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Te Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Changhua Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hock Teng
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Ching Lai
- Research Assistant Center, Chang Hua Show Chwan Health Care System, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chuang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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176
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Qin Z, Balimunkwe RM, Quan T. Age-related reduction of dermal fibroblast size upregulates multiple matrix metalloproteinases as observed in aged human skin in vivo. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:1337-1348. [PMID: 28196296 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fragmentation of collagen fibrils, the major structure protein in skin, is a hallmark of dermal ageing. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are largely responsible for the fragmentation of collagen fibrils. OBJECTIVES To quantify gene expression of all 23 known mammalian MMPs in sun-protected young and aged human skin in vivo and to investigate the potential mechanism underlying age-related alteration of multiple MMPs. METHODS MMP mRNA expression levels and MMP activity in sun-protected young and aged human skin in vivo were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ zymography, respectively. The relative contributions to elevated MMPs in epidermis and dermis were quantified by laser capture microdissection coupled real-time RT-PCR. Dermal fibroblast morphology and collagen fibril fragmentation in human skin in vivo were assessed by second-harmonic generation microscopy and atomic force microscopy, respectively. In vitro cell morphology was assessed by CellTracker® fluorescent dye (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, U.S.A.) and phalloidin staining. Protein levels were determined by ProteinSimple capillary electrophoresis immunoassay (ProteinSimple, Santa Clare, CA, U.S.A.). RESULTS Multiple MMPs are elevated in aged human skin dermis. Increased MMP activity and collagen fibril fragmentation were observed in aged skin dermis. As dermal fibroblasts are the major MMP-producing cells in the dermis, reduction of dermal fibroblast size, which is observed in aged human skin, contributes to the elevation of age-related multiple MMPs. Reduction of fibroblast size upregulates c-Jun/c-Fos and activates AP-1. CONCLUSIONS Combined actions of the wide variety of MMPs that are constitutively elevated in aged dermis may be involved in the progressive degradation of dermal collagen fibrils. Age-related elevations of multiple MMPs are likely to be a result of the reduction of fibroblast size via activation of AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Qin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - R M Balimunkwe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
| | - T Quan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A
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177
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O'Callaghan J, Cassidy PS, Humphries P. Open-angle glaucoma: therapeutically targeting the extracellular matrix of the conventional outflow pathway. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:1037-1050. [PMID: 28952395 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1386174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular hypertension in open-angle glaucoma is caused by a reduced rate of removal of aqueous humour (AH) from the eye, with the majority of AH draining from the anterior chamber through the conventional outflow pathway, comprising the trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's Canal. Resistance to outflow is generated, in part, by the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the outflow tissues. Current pressure-lowering topical medications largely suppress AH production, or enhance its clearance through the unconventional pathway. However, therapies targeting the ECM of the conventional pathway in order to decrease intraocular pressure have become a recent focus of attention. Areas covered: We discuss the role of ECM of the TM in outflow homeostasis and its relevance as a target for glaucoma therapy, including progress in development of topical eye formulations, together with gene therapy approaches based on inducible, virally-mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinases to enhance aqueous outflow. Expert opinion: There remains a need for improved glaucoma medications that more specifically act upon sites causative to glaucoma pathogenesis. Emerging strategies targeting the ECM of the conventional outflow pathway, or associated components of the cytoskeleton of TM cells, involving new pharmacological formulations or genetically-based therapies, are promising avenues of future glaucoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey O'Callaghan
- a Ocular Genetics Unit, Smurfit Institute of Genetics , University of Dublin, Trinity College , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Paul S Cassidy
- a Ocular Genetics Unit, Smurfit Institute of Genetics , University of Dublin, Trinity College , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Pete Humphries
- a Ocular Genetics Unit, Smurfit Institute of Genetics , University of Dublin, Trinity College , Dublin , Ireland
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178
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Anti-Photoaging Effect of Jeju Putgyul (Unripe Citrus) Extracts on Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Ultraviolet B-induced Hairless Mouse Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102052. [PMID: 28946661 PMCID: PMC5666734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation stimulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory cytokines. These signaling pathways participate in the degradation of the extracellular matrix and induce inflammatory responses that lead to photoaging. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity and the effect on MMPs and procollagen of putgyul extract in vitro. The anti-photoaging activity of putgyul extracts was estimated in vivo using hairless mice (HR-1). The putgyul extracts reduced MMP-1 production and increased the content of procollagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide in human dermal fibroblasts. Ultravilot-B (UVB)-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMPs was detected in mice, and putgyul extracts suppressed the expression. These results suggest that putgyul extract inhibits photoaging by inhibiting the expression of MMPs that degrade collagen and inhibiting cytokines that induce inflammatory responses. The mouse model also demonstrated that oral administration of putgyul extracts decreased wrinkle depth, epidermal thickness, collagen degradation, and trans-epidermal water loss, and increased β-glucosidase activity on UVB exposed skin. Putgyul extract protects against UVB-induced damage of skin and could be valuable in the prevention of photoaging.
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179
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Granger DN, Kvietys PR. Reperfusion therapy-What's with the obstructed, leaky and broken capillaries? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:213-228. [PMID: 29102280 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microvascular dysfunction is well established as an early and rate-determining factor in the injury response of tissues to ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Severe endothelial cell dysfunction, which can develop without obvious morphological cell injury, is a major underlying cause of the microvascular abnormalities that accompany I/R. While I/R-induced microvascular dysfunction is manifested in different ways, two responses that have received much attention in both the experimental and clinical setting are impaired capillary perfusion (no-reflow) and endothelial barrier failure with a transition to hemorrhage. These responses are emerging as potentially important determinants of the severity of the tissue injury response, and there is growing clinical evidence that they are predictive of clinical outcome following reperfusion therapy. This review provides a summary of animal studies that have focused on the mechanisms that may underlie the genesis of no-reflow and hemorrhage following reperfusion of ischemic tissues, and addresses the clinical evidence that implicates these vascular events in the responses of the ischemic brain (stroke) and heart (myocardial infarction) to reperfusion therapy. Inasmuch as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are frequently invoked as triggers of the microvascular dysfunction elicited by I/R, the potential roles and sources of these mediators are also discussed. The available evidence in the literature justifies the increased interest in the development of no-reflow and hemorrhage in heart and brain following reperfusion therapy, and suggests that these vascular events may be predictive of poor clinical outcome and warrant the development of targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Neil Granger
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, United States.
| | - Peter R Kvietys
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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180
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Arif R, Zaradzki M, Remes A, Seppelt P, Kunze R, Schröder H, Schwill S, Ensminger SM, Robinson PN, Karck M, Müller OJ, Hecker M, Wagner AH, Kallenbach K. AP-1 Oligodeoxynucleotides Reduce Aortic Elastolysis in a Murine Model of Marfan Syndrome. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 9:69-79. [PMID: 29246325 PMCID: PMC5608502 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Marfan syndrome is characterized by high expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) associated with medial elastolysis and aortic root aneurysm. We aimed to reduce aortic elastolysis through decrease of MMP expression with decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (dODNs) neutralizing the transcription factor activating factor-1 (AP-1). AP-1 abundance in nuclear extracts as well as MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression were significantly increased in isolated mAoSMC of mgR/mgR Marfan mice compared to wild-type cells. Exposure to AP-1 neutralizing dODNs resulted in a significant reduction of basal and interleukin-1β-stimulated MMP expression and activity in mAoSMCs. Moreover, increased migration and formation of superoxide radical anions was substantially decreased in mAoSMCs by AP-1 dODN treatment. Aortic grafts from donor Marfan mice were treated with AP-1- dODN ex vivo and implanted as infrarenal aortic interposition grafts in mgR/mgR mice. Pretreatment of aortic grafts with AP-1 dODN led to reduced elastolysis, macrophage infiltration, and MMP activity. Permeability of the endothelial monolayer was increased for dODN in mgR/mgR aortae with observed loss of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, enabling dODN to reach the tunica media. Targeting AP-1 activity offers a new potential strategy to treat the vascular phenotype associated with Marfan syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawa Arif
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Marcin Zaradzki
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anca Remes
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Seppelt
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reiner Kunze
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hannes Schröder
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Schwill
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan M Ensminger
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Cardiovascular Centre North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Peter N Robinson
- Institute for Medical Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Wagner
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kallenbach
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; INCCI HaerzZenter, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Timing of transcriptomic and proteomic changes in the bovine placentome after parturition. Theriogenology 2017; 100:1-7. [PMID: 28708523 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Proper post-partum reproductive performance is important for reproductive efficiency in beef cows, and dystocia decreases post-partum fertility. Crossbred beef cows (n = 1676) were evaluated for lifetime performance based on degree of dystocia at presentation of the first calf. Cows that experienced moderate or severe dystocia produced fewer calves during their productive life (P < 0.01). The exact mechanism is unclear, but may be due to the contributions of dystocia to abnormal placental separation. Proteolytic activity is hypothesized to contribute to placental separation in ruminants; however, when ovine placentomes were collected following caesarian section, no proteolytic activity was detected. We hypothesized that stage 2 of parturition was necessary to stimulate proteolysis and initiate placental separation. Serial placentome collections were performed on mature cows (n = 21 initiated; 7 with complete sampling) at hourly intervals for the first 2 h after expulsion of the calf. An intact piece of each placentome was fixed for histological evaluation, and a separate piece of caruncular and cotyledonary tissue from each placentome was frozen for transcriptomic and proteolytic analysis. A full set of placentomes was collected from only 7 of 21 cows at 0, 1, and 2 h, and all cows had expelled fetal membranes by 6 h. Histological, transcriptomic and proteolytic analysis was performed on placentomes from cows from which three placentomes were collected (n = 7). The microscopic distance between maternal and fetal tissues increased at 1 h (P = 0.01). Relative transcript abundance of matrix metalloprotease 14 (MMP14) tended to increase with time (P = 0.06). The relative transcript abundance of plasminogen activator urokinase-type (PLAU) was greater in caruncles than cotyledons (P = 0.01), and tended (P = 0.10) to increase in the caruncle between 0 and 2 h while remaining unchanged in the cotyledon over the same span of time. Greater PLAU and plasminogen activator tissue-type (PLAT) proteolytic activity was detected by zymography in the caruncle than the cotyledon immediately post-partum (P < 0.01). From these findings we conclude that 1) dystocia during the first parity decreases lifetime productivity in beef cattle, 2) the PA system is present at both the transcript and protein level in the bovine plactentome during parturition and 3) proteolytic activity is localized to the caruncular aspect of the placentome.
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182
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Cavdar Z, Ural C, Celik A, Arslan S, Terzioglu G, Ozbal S, Yildiz S, Ergur UB, Guneli E, Camsari T, Akdogan G. Protective effects of taurine against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by inhibition of gelatinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Biotech Histochem 2017; 92:524-535. [PMID: 28895768 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2017.1367033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is closely associated with the pathogenesis of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). The production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes tissue damage. Increased ROS production causes activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, which participates in gene regulation of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9 (gelatinases). Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) in mammalian cells functions in bile acid conjugation, maintenance of calcium homeostasis, osmoregulation, membrane stabilization, and antioxidation, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic action. We investigated the effects of taurine and the possible role of p38 MAPK signaling on regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in a renal I/R injury model in rats. Rats were divided into three groups: sham, I/R, and I/R + taurine treated. After a right nephrectomy, I/R was induced by clamping the left renal pedicle for 1 h followed by 6 h reperfusion. Taurine was administered 45 min prior to induction of ischemia. Renal function was assessed by serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Tubule injury and structural changes were evaluated by light microscopy. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity levels were measured using a colorimetric kit. mRNA expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were measured using a fluorimetric kit. Phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) and total p38 MAPK protein expressions were evaluated by western blot. Taurine pretreatment significantly attenuated renal dysfunction and histologic damage, such as renal tubule dilation and loss of brush borders. The pretreatment also decreased the MDA level and attenuated the reduction of SOD activity in the kidney during I/R. Taurine pretreatment also decreased significantly both MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression and MMP-9 activity induced by I/R. In addition, the activity of p38 MAPK signaling was down-regulated significantly by taurine administration. Inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and MMP-9 activity caused by taurine may be associated with suppression of p38 MAPK activation during I/R induced renal injury in rats. Therefore, taurine administration may prove to be a strategy for attenuating renal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Cavdar
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - C Ural
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - A Celik
- b Department of Laboratory Animal Science , Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - S Arslan
- c Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Pamukkale University , Denizli
| | - G Terzioglu
- c Department of Biology, Faculty of Science , Pamukkale University , Denizli
| | - S Ozbal
- d Department of Histology and Embryology , Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - S Yildiz
- e Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - U B Ergur
- d Department of Histology and Embryology , Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - E Guneli
- b Department of Laboratory Animal Science , Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - T Camsari
- e Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir
| | - G Akdogan
- f School of Medicine , Izmir University of Economics , Izmir , Turkey
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183
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Seo SB, Dananjaya SHS, Nikapitiya C, Park BK, Gooneratne R, Kim TY, Lee J, Kim CH, De Zoysa M. Silver nanoparticles enhance wound healing in zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 68:536-545. [PMID: 28757200 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized by a chemical reduction method, physico-chemically characterized and their effect on wound-healing activity in zebrafish was investigated. The prepared AgNPs were circular-shaped, water soluble with average diameter and zeta potential of 72.66 nm and -0.45 mv, respectively. Following the creation of a laser skin wound on zebrafish, the effect of AgNPs on wound-healing activity was tested by two methods, direct skin application (2 μg/wound) and immersion in a solution of AgNPs and water (50 μg/L). The zebrafish were followed for 20 days post-wounding (dpw) by visual observation of wound size, calculating wound healing percentage (WHP), and histological examination. Visually, both direct skin application and immersion AgNPs treatments displayed clear and faster wound closure at 5, 10 and 20 dpw compared to the controls, which was confirmed by 5 dpw histology data. At 5 dpw, WHP was highest in the AgNPs immersion group (36.6%) > AgNPs direct application group (23.7%) > controls (18.2%), showing that WHP was most effective in fish immersed in AgNPs solution. In general, exposure to AgNPs induced gene expression of selected wound-healing-related genes, namely, transforming growth factor (TGF-β), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -9 and -13, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase), which observed differentiation at 12 and 24 h against the control; but the results were not consistently significant, and many either reached basal levels or were down regulated at 5 dpw in the wounded muscle. These results suggest that AgNPs are effective in acceleration of wound healing and altered the expression of some wound-healing-related genes. However, the detailed mechanism of enhanced wound healing remains to be investigated in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Beom Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S H S Dananjaya
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Bae Keun Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Lincoln University, New Zealand
| | - Tae-Yoon Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea; Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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184
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Santibanez JF, Obradović H, Kukolj T, Krstić J. Transforming growth factor-β, matrix metalloproteinases, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator interaction in the cancer epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:382-395. [PMID: 28722327 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic factor that acts as a tumor suppressor in the early stages, while it exerts tumor promoting activities in advanced stages of cancer development. One of the hallmarks of cancer progression is the capacity of cancer cells to migrate and invade surrounding tissues with subsequent metastasis to different organs. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) together with urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR), whose main original function described is the proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix, play key cellular roles in the enhancement of cell malignancy during cancer progression. TGF-β tightly regulates the expression of several MMPs and uPA/uPAR in cancer cells, which in return can participate in TGF-β activation, thus contributing to tumor malignancy. TGF-β is one of the master factors in the induction of cancer-associated epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and recently both MMPs and uPA/uPAR have also been shown to be implicated in the cancer-associated EMT process. In this review, we analyze the main molecular mechanisms underlying MMPs and uPA/uPAR regulation by TGF-β, as well as their mutual implication in the development of EMT in cancer cells. Developmental Dynamics 247:382-395, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Santibanez
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hristina Obradović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Tamara Kukolj
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Jelena Krstić
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.,Institute of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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185
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Purice MD, Ray A, Münzel EJ, Pope BJ, Park DJ, Speese SD, Logan MA. A novel Drosophila injury model reveals severed axons are cleared through a Draper/MMP-1 signaling cascade. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28825401 PMCID: PMC5565368 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural injury triggers swift responses from glia, including glial migration and phagocytic clearance of damaged neurons. The transcriptional programs governing these complex innate glial immune responses are still unclear. Here, we describe a novel injury assay in adult Drosophila that elicits widespread glial responses in the ventral nerve cord (VNC). We profiled injury-induced changes in VNC gene expression by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and found that responsive genes fall into diverse signaling classes. One factor, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), is induced in Drosophila ensheathing glia responding to severed axons. Interestingly, glial induction of MMP-1 requires the highly conserved engulfment receptor Draper, as well as AP-1 and STAT92E. In MMP-1 depleted flies, glia do not properly infiltrate neuropil regions after axotomy and, as a consequence, fail to clear degenerating axonal debris. This work identifies Draper-dependent activation of MMP-1 as a novel cascade required for proper glial clearance of severed axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Purice
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Arpita Ray
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Eva Jolanda Münzel
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Bernard J Pope
- Melbourne Informatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel J Park
- Melbourne Informatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sean D Speese
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Mary A Logan
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
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186
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Zhang D, Lu C, Ai H. Rab5a is overexpressed in oral cancer and promotes invasion through ERK/MMP signaling. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4569-4576. [PMID: 28849149 PMCID: PMC5646994 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras-related protein Rab-5A (Rab5a) has been identified to be overexpressed in several types of human cancer. However, its clinical significance and biological roles in oral cancer remain unclear. In the present study, the protein expression of Rab5a was examined in 79 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma samples using immunohistochemistry. It was demonstrated that Rab5a protein was upregulated in 49.3% (39/79) of cancer samples. Small interfering RNA knockdown was performed on Detroit 562 cells with high endogenous expression. Rab5a transfection was performed in FaDu cells with low endogenous levels. Rab5a depletion was revealed to inhibit cell growth, invasion and colony formation while its overexpression facilitated cell growth, invasion, and colony formation. In addition, Rab5a facilitated cell cycle progression and cell migration. It was also demonstrated that Rab5a depletion downregulated and its overexpression upregulated the expression levels of various cell cycle-associated proteins, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Furthermore, Rab5a positively regulated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). ERK inhibitor PD98059 partially inhibited the role of Rab5a on MMP-2, cyclin D1, cell proliferation and invasion. The results of the present study suggest that Rab5a is overexpressed in oral cancer tissue samples and promotes the malignant phenotype through EMT and the ERK/MMP-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, P.R. China
| | - Changlong Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Ai
- School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, P.R. China
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187
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Dong Q, Fu L, Zhao Y, Tan S, Wang E. Derlin-1 overexpression confers poor prognosis in muscle invasive bladder cancer and contributes to chemoresistance and invasion through PI3K/AKT and ERK/MMP signaling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17059-17069. [PMID: 28178653 PMCID: PMC5370022 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Derlin-1 has been found to be overexpressed in several human cancers. However, its clinical significance and biological roles in bladder cancer remain unexplored. Here, we found that Derlin-1 was upregulated in 38.6% (58/150) cases of cancer samples. The rate of Derlin-1 overexpression was higher in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) than non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) (p=0.0079). Derlin-1 was a predicting factor for poor patient prognosis. Derlin-1 depletion inhibited while its overexpression facilitated cell invasion and colony formation. In addition, Derlin-1 overexpression induced cisplatin resistance while its depletion sensitized cancer cells to cisplatin. Further analysis demonstrated that Derlin-1 activated AKT phosphorylation and upregulated Bcl-2 expression. Blockage of AKT signaling by LY294005 abolished the effects of Derlin-1 on Bcl-2 and cisplatin resistance. Immunoprecipitation indicated Derlin-1 interacted with p110α subunit of PI3K. In addition, we showed that Derlin-1 depletion downregulated and its overexpression upregulated cell MMP-2/9 expression and ERK phosphorylation. Derlin-1 mediated upregulation of MMP-2/9 could be blocked by ERK inhibitor. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that Derlin-1 is overexpressed in bladder cancer and promotes malignant phenotype through ERK/MMP and PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianze Dong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shutao Tan
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Enhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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188
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Zhong Y, Feng J, Li J, Fan Z. Curcumin prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinase‑2 activity via the Ras/MEK1/2 signaling pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4315-4319. [PMID: 28731157 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of curcumin treatment on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced matrix metalloproteinase‑2 (MMP‑2) activity, and assess whether the effects are mediated by the Ras/mitogen‑activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMCs were isolated from male Sprague‑Dawley rats. Protein expression levels were analyzed by western blotting. The activity of MMP‑2 was measured with gelatin zymography, and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay was used to detect the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB). Curcumin treatment was demonstrated to inhibit LPS‑induced MMP‑2 activity in rat VSMCs. This inhibitory effect was partially blocked by ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, an inhibitor of NF‑κB activation, and farnesylthiosalicylic acid, an inhibitor of Ras. In addition, the results of the present study indicated that LPS‑induced phosphorylation of Ras homolog family member A and MEK1/2 was significantly decreased by curcumin. Furthermore, NF‑κB p65 expression in the nucleus and the DNA binding activity of NF‑κB in rat LPS‑exposed VSMCs was decreased by curcumin. Taken together, these findings suggest that curcumin prevents of LPS‑induced MMP‑2 activity through Ras/MEK1/2 and NF‑κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jiafu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongcai Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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189
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Xu QF, Zheng Y, Chen J, Xu XY, Gong ZJ, Huang YF, Lu C, Maibach HI, Lai W. Ultraviolet A Enhances Cathepsin L Expression and Activity via JNK Pathway in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 129:2853-2860. [PMID: 27901001 PMCID: PMC5146795 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.194654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cathepsin L (CatL) is a cysteine protease with strong matrix degradation activity that contributes to photoaging. Mannose phosphate-independent sorting pathways mediate ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced alternate trafficking of CatL. Little is known about signaling pathways involved in the regulation of UVA-induced CatL expression and activity. This study aims to investigate whether a single UVA irradiation affects CatL expression and activity and whether mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway is involved in the regulation of UVA-induced CatL expression and activity in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). METHODS Primary HDFs were exposed to UVA. Cell proliferation was determined by a cell counting kit. UVA-induced CatL production and activity were studied with quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, and fluorimetric assay in cell lysates collected on three consecutive days after irradiation. Time courses of UVA-activated JNK and p38MAPK signaling were examined by Western blotting. Effects of MAPK inhibitors and knockdown of Jun and Fos on UVA-induced CatL expression and activity were investigated by RT-PCR, Western blotting, and fluorimetric assay. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS UVA significantly increased CatL gene expression, protein abundance, and enzymatic activity for three consecutive days after irradiation (F = 83.11, 56.14, and 71.19, respectively; all P < 0.05). Further investigation demonstrated phosphorylation of JNK and p38MAPK activated by UVA. Importantly, inactivation of JNK pathway significantly decreased UVA-induced CatL expression and activity, which were not affected by p38MAPK inhibition. Moreover, knockdown of Jun and Fos significantly attenuated basal and UVA-induced CatL expression and activity. CONCLUSIONS UVA enhances CatL production and activity in HDFs, probably by activating JNK and downstreaming AP-1. These findings provide a new possible molecular approach for antiphotoaging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Fang Xu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Xin-Ya Xu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Zi-Jian Gong
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Yun-Fen Huang
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Chun Lu
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Howard I Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Wei Lai
- Department of Dermato-Venereology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
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190
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Baicalin inhibits human osteosarcoma cells invasion, metastasis, and anoikis resistance by suppressing the transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:581-587. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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191
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Wang J, Wu Y, Guo J, Fei X, Yu L, Ma S. Adipocyte-derived exosomes promote lung cancer metastasis by increasing MMP9 activity via transferring MMP3 to lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:81880-81891. [PMID: 29137230 PMCID: PMC5669856 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is involved in tumor progression. However, the corresponding mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report that adipocytes increase the invasive ability of tumor cells by producing exosomes with a high level of MMP3. Compared with 3T3-L1 cells, 3T3-L1 adipocytes are enriched in MMP3 protein and can transfer MMP3 to 3LL lung cancer cells. Then, MMP3 activates MMP9 activity in 3LL cells and promotes invasion in vitro and in vivo via MMP9. Furthermore, MMP3 protein levels in lung tumor tissues from obese patients are increased compared with those of non-obese patients. In addition, MMP3 protein levels are positively correlated with MMP9 activity in tumor tissues. Therefore, our results reveal a novel mechanism in the adipocyte-derived exosome-mediated promotion of lung tumor metastasis, which extends our knowledge regarding obesity and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jufeng Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Fei
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Department of Medical Oncology, Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, China
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192
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Park JR, Lee MC, Moon SC, Kim J, Ha KT, Park EJ, Hong C, Seo BD, Kim BJ. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi induces caspase-dependent apoptosis via mitogen activated protein kinase activation and the generation of reactive oxygen species signaling pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627691 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract (SBGE) is used in traditional herbal medicine and has also been used clinically to ameliorate the symptoms of various inflammatory diseases and cancer. In women, breast cancer is one of the most common diseases and numerous women succumb to it. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism responsible for the SBGE‑induced apoptosis of MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells. SBGE was administered to cells at concentrations between 100 and 500 mg/ml, and cell viabilities were identified using an MTT assay. B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 X‑associated protein (Bax) family members were identified by western blotting, and the mRNA expression levels of the pro‑apoptosis genes Fas, Fas ligand (FasL) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α were assessed by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction. It was identified that SBGE treatment for 24 h inhibited MCF‑7 proliferation and increased the sub‑G1 phase ratio. SBGE suppressed mitochondrial membrane potentials and SBGE‑induced apoptotic cell death was identified to be associated with downregulation of Bcl‑2, but upregulation of Bax. SBGE‑activated caspases 3 and 9, and increased reactive oxygen species generation. However, SBGE had no effect on the expression levels of Fas, FasL or TNF‑α. Furthermore, mitogen‑activated protein kinase and C‑Jun N‑terminal kinase inhibitors inhibited SBGE‑induced cell death. These results suggested that SBGE be considered as an agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ryeong Park
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Cheol Lee
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Cheol Moon
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghoon Kim
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110‑799, Republic of Korea
| | - Chansik Hong
- Department of Physiology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Do Seo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kyungwoon University College of Health, Gumi 730‑739, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Brace PT, Tezera LB, Bielecka MK, Mellows T, Garay D, Tian S, Rand L, Green J, Jogai S, Steele AJ, Millar TM, Sanchez-Elsner T, Friedland JS, Proud CG, Elkington PT. Mycobacterium tuberculosis subverts negative regulatory pathways in human macrophages to drive immunopathology. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006367. [PMID: 28570642 PMCID: PMC5453634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a global pandemic and drives lung matrix destruction to transmit. Whilst pathways driving inflammatory responses in macrophages have been relatively well described, negative regulatory pathways are less well defined. We hypothesised that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) specifically targets negative regulatory pathways to augment immunopathology. Inhibition of signalling through the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway increased matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene expression and secretion, a collagenase central to TB pathogenesis, and multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines. In patients with confirmed pulmonary TB, PI3Kδ expression was absent within granulomas. Furthermore, Mtb infection suppressed PI3Kδ gene expression in macrophages. Interestingly, inhibition of the MNK pathway, downstream of pro-inflammatory p38 and ERK MAPKs, also increased MMP-1 secretion, whilst suppressing secretion of TH1 cytokines. Cross-talk between the PI3K and MNK pathways was demonstrated at the level of eIF4E phosphorylation. Mtb globally suppressed the MMP-inhibitory pathways in macrophages, reducing levels of mRNAs encoding PI3Kδ, mTORC-1 and MNK-1 via upregulation of miRNAs. Therefore, Mtb disrupts negative regulatory pathways at multiple levels in macrophages to drive a tissue-destructive phenotype that facilitates transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patience T. Brace
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Liku B. Tezera
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena K. Bielecka
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Mellows
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Garay
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Shuye Tian
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lucinda Rand
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Justin Green
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Jogai
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Steele
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy M. Millar
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tilman Sanchez-Elsner
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jon S. Friedland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher G. Proud
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul T. Elkington
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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194
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Cao S, Chen C, Xue J, Huang Y, Yang X, Ling K. Silencing of type Iγ phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase suppresses ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:253-262. [PMID: 28560454 PMCID: PMC5492676 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of death in ovarian cancer patients. Given that the molecular mechanism underlying metastasis formation is critical for improving therapeutic development and clinical treatment, it must be fully understood. Recent studies have revealed that lipid kinase type Iγ phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase (PIPKIγ) participates in the metastasis of breast cancer and colon cancer by regulating cell migration and invasion. However, its role in the progression of ovarian cancer is unclear. Here we showed that PIPKIγ expression is upregulated in multiple epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines. Silencing of PIPKIγ impaired PI3K/AKT signaling and inhibited the aggressive behaviors of epithelial ovarian cancer cells, including proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, we found that PIPKIγ was required for the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in epithelial ovarian cancer cells, indicating that STAT3 may also be engaged in the PIPKIγ-dependent aggressiveness of epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Our results, for the first time, identified PIPKIγ as a novel regulator in epithelial ovarian cancer cells that promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion by activating multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, we propose that PIPKIγ could potentially be a therapeutic target for the early detection and treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer. Further studies employing in vivo models are necessary to test this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Cao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Junli Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Kun Ling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
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195
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Yu Z, Zhou L, Zhang T, Shen R, Li C, Fang X, Griffiths G, Liu J. Sensitive Detection of MMP9 Enzymatic Activities in Single Cell-Encapsulated Microdroplets as an Assay of Cancer Cell Invasiveness. ACS Sens 2017; 2:626-634. [PMID: 28723167 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are typically up-regulated in cancer cells, and play a critical role in assisting metastasis by the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. Here we report an effective strategy for cell invasiveness assay by integrating MMP9 functional activity analysis with single cell-encapsulated microdroplets. A flow focusing capillary microfluidic device has been assembled using "off-the-shelf" fluidic components for high-throughput generation of microdroplets. Tumor cells, MMP9 specific peptides, and other cofactors can be loaded into the device and encapsulated into individual droplets as dynamic microreactors for proteolytic cleavage of the substrate. This design allows for rapid and robust detection of MMP9 enzymatic activities by fluorescent signals in a few minutes. It represents the first demonstration of quantifying MMP9 enzymatic activities at the single cell level with a high throughput performance. This new technique promises functional evaluation of cancer cell invasiveness for important diagnostic or prognostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Rui Shen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China
| | - Gareth Griffiths
- Imagen Therapeutics Ltd, Suite
4D Citylabs, Nelson Street, Manchester M13 9NQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, China
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196
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Wei J, Zhang L, Li J, Zhu S, Tai M, Mason CW, Chapman JA, Reynolds EA, Weiner CP, Zhou HH. MicroRNA-205 promotes cell invasion by repressing TCF21 in human ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2017; 10:33. [PMID: 28476165 PMCID: PMC5420089 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-017-0328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the leading lethal, gynecological malignancy in the United States. No doubt, the continued morbidity and mortality of ovarian cancer reflects a poor understanding of invasive mechanisms. Recent studies reveal that ovarian cancers express aberrant microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), some of which have oncogenic or tumor suppressor properties. Several studies suggested that miR-205 is involved in tumorigenesis. Presently, we investigate the molecular mechanisms and target of miR-205 in ovarian cancer. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were performed to assess miR-205 and transcription factor 21 (TCF21) expression in ovarian cancer and normal ovary samples. The effect of miR-205 on TCF21 was determined by luciferase reporter assay and western blot. The effect of miR-205 and TCF21 on cell invasion was quantitated using transwell invasion assay. Result miR-205 expression was increased in ovarian cancer and it promoted the invasive behavior of ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR-5, OVCAR-8 and SKOV-3). miR-205 directly targeted TCF21, which was significantly decreased in ovarian cancer tissue. miR-205 inhibited TCF21 expression and as a consequence blunted the inhibitory effect of TCF21 on cell invasion. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in cancer invasion and metastasis. TCF21 inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-10 and decreased ovarian cancer cell invasion. Co-transfection of TCF21 expression plasmid with miR-205 mimic diminished the inhibitory effect of TCF21 on MMP-2 and MMP-10 in ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion miR-205 appears to have an important role in the spread of ovarian cancer by targeting TCF21. These findings offer a new mechanism of ovarian cancer tumorigenesis, which could be useful for the development of new therapeutic approaches to ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Lahong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Jennifer Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Shuguang Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Minghui Tai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Clifford W Mason
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Julia A Chapman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Evelyn A Reynolds
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Carl P Weiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA
| | - Helen H Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, 66160, USA.
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197
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Hood KY, Mair KM, Harvey AP, Montezano AC, Touyz RM, MacLean MR. Serotonin Signaling Through the 5-HT 1B Receptor and NADPH Oxidase 1 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1361-1370. [PMID: 28473438 PMCID: PMC5478178 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serotonin can induce human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (hPASMC) proliferation through reactive oxygen species (ROS), influencing the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We hypothesize that in PASMCs, serotonin induces oxidative stress through NADPH-oxidase-derived ROS generation and reduced Nrf-2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2) antioxidant systems, promoting vascular injury. APPROACH AND RESULTS HPASMCs from controls and PAH patients, and PASMCs from Nox1-/- mice, were stimulated with serotonin in the absence/presence of inhibitors of Src kinase, the 5-HT1B receptor, and NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1). Markers of fibrosis were also determined. The pathophysiological significance of our findings was examined in vivo in serotonin transporter overexpressing female mice, a model of pulmonary hypertension. We confirmed thatserotonin increased superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production in these cells. For the first time, we show that serotonin increased oxidized protein tyrosine phosphatases and hyperoxidized peroxiredoxin and decreased Nrf-2 and catalase activity in hPASMCs. ROS generation was exaggerated and dependent on cellular Src-related kinase, 5-HT1B receptor, and the serotonin transporter in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from PAH subjects. Proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling were exaggerated in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from PAH subjects and dependent on 5-HT1B receptor signaling and Nox1, confirmed in PASMCs from Nox1-/- mice. In serotonin transporter overexpressing mice, SB216641, a 5-HT1B receptor antagonist, prevented development of pulmonary hypertension in a ROS-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Serotonin can induce cellular Src-related kinase-regulated Nox1-induced ROS and Nrf-2 dysregulation, contributing to increased post-translational oxidative modification of proteins and activation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways in hPASMCs, associated with mitogenic responses. 5-HT1B receptors contribute to experimental pulmonary hypertension by inducing lung ROS production. Our results suggest that 5-HT1B receptor-dependent cellular Src-related kinase-Nox1-pathways contribute to vascular remodeling in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Y Hood
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty M Mair
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P Harvey
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Augusto C Montezano
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R MacLean
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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198
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Mishra M, Kowluru RA. Role of PARP-1 as a novel transcriptional regulator of MMP-9 in diabetic retinopathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1761-1769. [PMID: 28478229 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In diabetes, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is activated, which damages mitochondria, resulting in accelerated capillary cell apoptosis. Regulation of MMP-9 is controlled by multiple transcription factors including nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). Binding of these transcription factors, however, can be regulated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), which forms a strong initiation complex at the promoter region and facilitates multiple rounds of gene transcription. This complex formation with the transcription factors is regulated by posttranslational acetylation of PARP-1, and in diabetes, the deacetylating enzyme, Sirt1, is inhibited. Our aim was to understand the role of PARP-1 in transcriptional regulation of MMP-9 in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Using human retinal endothelial cells, the effect of PARP-1 inhibition (pharmacologically by PJ34, 1μM; or genetically by its siRNA) on MMP-9 expression was investigated. The effect of PARP-1 acetylation on its binding at the MMP-9 promoter, and with NF-kB/AP-1, was investigated in the cells transfected with Sirt1. In vitro results were validated in the retinal microvessels from diabetic mice either administered PJ34, or overexpressing Sirt1. Inhibition of PARP-1 ameliorated hyperglycemia-induced increase in the binding of NF-kB/AP-1 at the MMP-9 promoter, decreased MMP-9 expression and ameliorated mitochondrial damage. Overexpression of Sirt1 attenuated diabetes-induced increase in PARP-1 binding at MMP-9 promoter or with NF-kB/AP-1. Thus, PARP-1, via manipulating the binding of NF-kB/AP-1 at the MMP-9 promoter, regulates MMP-9 expression, which helps maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Mishra
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States.
| | - Renu A Kowluru
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
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199
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Suzuki Y, Fujioka K, Ikeda K, Murayama Y, Manome Y. Temozolomide does not influence the transcription or activity of matrix metalloproteinases 9 and 2 in glioma cell lines. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 41:144-149. [PMID: 28408249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a treatment-resistant malignancy with poor prognosis. Temozolomide (TMZ) is widely used as a first-line drug for GBM. Although this improves patient prognosis, it does not completely eradicate the tumour. Even after total surgical resection, GBM can exhibit uncontrollable invasiveness at the tumour margins owing to activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-2 and -9; these degrade collagen IV in the basement membrane, which normally prevents cancer invasion. TMZ induces DNA damage and activates transcription factors including c-jun, c-fos, nuclear factor-κβ, and early growth response protein-1, which have putative binding sites on the MMP-9 promoter. TMZ may therefore enhance tumour invasion by stimulating MMP-9 transcription and enzymatic activity. To test this hypothesis, we investigated MMP-2 and -9 mRNA transcription and activity in GBM cell lines treated with TMZ. Human A172 GBM cells were exposed to TMZ (25% and 50% inhibitory concentrations) for 24 or 48h; cell cycle distribution and mRNA levels of MMP-2 and -9 were evaluated using flow cytometry and semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR, respectively. MMP-2 and -9 enzymatic activities were assessed using gelatin zymography in human A172 and U373 MG GBM cells exposed to TMZ under the same conditions. TMZ altered A172 cell cycle distribution, but not MMP-2 or -9 mRNA levels. TMZ did not affect MMP-2 or -9 enzymatic activities in A172 or U373 MG cells. These findings indicated that TMZ is therefore unlikely to promote GBM invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Core Research Facilities for Basic Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kouki Fujioka
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Core Research Facilities for Basic Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Core Research Facilities for Basic Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Murayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Manome
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Core Research Facilities for Basic Science, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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200
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Shen KH, Hung JH, Chang CW, Weng YT, Wu MJ, Chen PS. Solasodine inhibits invasion of human lung cancer cell through downregulation of miR-21 and MMPs expression. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 268:129-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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