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Peng YJ, Wang CY, Lin YH, Lin GJ, Huang SH, Shyu JF, Sytwu HK, Cheng CP. Interleukin 26 suppresses receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand induced osteoclastogenesis via down-regulation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 and nuclear factor κB activity. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 55:2074-2083. [PMID: 27550297 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IL-26 has been shown to have high expression in RA. However, the effects of IL-26 on bone destruction in RA have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of IL-26 on RANK ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. METHODS We treated cells with IL-26 in RANKL-induced oseteoclastogenesis to monitor osteoclast formation by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Osteoclast activity was assessed by pit formation assay and F-actin ring formation. The mechanism of the inhibition was studied by biochemical analyses such as RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining and immunoblotting. In addition, cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. RESULTS IL-26 inhibited RANKL-induced TRAP-positive multinucleated cells and inhibited RANKL-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation and nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) nuclear translocation in RAW264.7 cells. Also, IL-26 significantly inhibited the bone-resorbing activity and F-actin ring formation ability of mature osteoclasts. Moreover, IL-26 suppressed RANKL-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and NFATc1 downstream gene expression. CONCLUSION We suggest that the inhibitory activity of IL-26 on osteoclastogenesis is via down-regulation of RANKL-induced NF-κB and NFATc1 expression. Our results suggest IL-26 as a possible new remedy against osteolytic bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Peng
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Chao-Ying Wang
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lin
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Gu-Jiun Lin
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Shing-Hwa Huang
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy.,Department of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Jia-Fwu Shyu
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
| | - Huey-Kang Sytwu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences.,Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Pi Cheng
- Department and Graduate institute of Biology and Anatomy
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Xing X, Liang Y, Sarkar MK, Wolterink L, Swindell WR, Voorhees JJ, Harms PW, Kahlenberg JM, Johnston A, Gudjonsson JE. IL-17 Responses Are the Dominant Inflammatory Signal Linking Inverse, Erythrodermic, and Chronic Plaque Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:2498-2501. [PMID: 27448749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mrinal K Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Liza Wolterink
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William R Swindell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joanne M Kahlenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Bianchi L, Del Duca E, Romanelli M, Saraceno R, Chimenti S, Chiricozzi A. Pharmacodynamic assessment of apremilast for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:1121-8. [PMID: 27376729 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1206886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting 2-3% of the population. Certain systemic drugs currently available for its treatment could be associated, in the long term, with organ toxicity and adverse events, thus, clinical monitoring throughout treatment is required. Moreover, tolerability issues, parenteral administration, and barriers to patient access, such as high cost and specialist management lead to treatment failure. AREAS COVERED Apremilast is an oral small molecule inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4i). PDE is the major enzyme class responsible for the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in immune cells (cAMP). With PDE4 inhibition, apremilast works intracellularly to modulate pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediator production critically involved in psoriasis. The aim of this paper is to focus the attention on apremilast pharmacodynamics effects, its efficacy and safety in treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. EXPERT OPINION Apremilast is an effective and well-tolerated option in treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Its safety profile and the oral administration offer significant advantages in prescribing apremilast for the treatment of psoriasis, particularly in some subsets of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bianchi
- a Department of Systems Medicine, Division of Dermatology , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy
| | - Ester Del Duca
- a Department of Systems Medicine, Division of Dermatology , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy
| | - Marco Romanelli
- b Division of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Rosita Saraceno
- a Department of Systems Medicine, Division of Dermatology , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy
| | - Sergio Chimenti
- a Department of Systems Medicine, Division of Dermatology , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Chiricozzi
- b Division of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
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155
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Stephen-Victor E, Fickenscher H, Bayry J. IL-26: An Emerging Proinflammatory Member of the IL-10 Cytokine Family with Multifaceted Actions in Antiviral, Antimicrobial, and Autoimmune Responses. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005624. [PMID: 27337042 PMCID: PMC4919036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Stephen-Victor
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1138, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe, Immunopathologie et immuno-intervention thérapeutique, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 06, UMR S 1138, Paris, France
| | - Helmut Fickenscher
- Institute for Infection Medicine, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 1138, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe, Immunopathologie et immuno-intervention thérapeutique, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 06, UMR S 1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR S 1138, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Multiple mechanisms are involved in regulation of host response to microbiota to maintain the intestinal homeostasis. Th17 cells are enriched in the intestinal lamina propria under steady conditions. Many studies have demonstrated that microbiota-reactive Th17 cells in the intestines mediate the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. However, clinical trials of anti-interleukin-17A or anti-interleukin-17RA antibodies in patients with Crohn's Disease show no improvement or even exacerbation of disease. Accumulating data has also indicated that Th17 cells may provide a protective effect as well to the intestines from inflammatory insults under homeostasis regulation, even under inflammatory conditions. Thus both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions of intestinal Th17 cells have emerged under various conditions. In this review article, we will summarize recent progresses of Th17 cells in regulation of intestinal homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; †Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; and ‡Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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157
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Candida albicans Airway Colonization Facilitates Subsequent Acinetobacter baumannii Pneumonia in a Rat Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:3348-54. [PMID: 27001817 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02180-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine the effects of Candida albicans respiratory tract colonization on Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in a rat model. Rats were colonized with C. albicans by instillation of 3 × 10(6) CFU into their airways, while sterile saline was instilled in the control group. The colonized rats were further divided into two groups: treated with amphotericin B or not. The rats were subsequently infected with A. baumannii (10(8) CFU by tracheobronchial instillation). A. baumannii lung CFU counts, cytokine lung levels, and rates of A. baumannii pneumonia were compared between groups. In vitro expression of A. baumannii virulence genes was measured by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR after 24-hour incubation with C. albicans or with Mueller-Hinton (MH) broth alone. Rats with Candida colonization developed A. baumannii pneumonia more frequently and had higher A. baumannii CFU burdens and heavier lungs than controls. After A. baumannii infection, lung interleukin 17 (IL-17) concentrations were lower and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) concentrations were higher in Candida-colonized rats than in controls. Candida-colonized rats treated with amphotericin B had a decreased rate of A. baumannii pneumonia and lower IFN-γ levels but higher IL-17 levels than untreated rats. Expression of basC, barB, bauA, ptk, plc2, and pld2 was induced while expression of ompA and abaI was suppressed in A. baumannii cultured in the presence of C. albicans C. albicans colonization facilitated the development of A. baumannii pneumonia in a rat model. Among Candida-colonized rats, antifungal treatment lowered the incidence of A. baumannii pneumonia. These findings could be due to modification of the host immune response and/or expression of A. baumannii virulence genes by Candida spp.
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158
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Abstract
T helper (Th) cells producing interleukin (IL)-17, IL-22, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) form the key T cell population driving psoriasis pathogenesis. They orchestrate the inflammation in the skin that results in the proliferation of keratinocytes and endothelial cells. Besides Th17 cells, other immune cells that are capable of producing IL-17-associated cytokines participate in psoriatic inflammation. Recent advances in psoriasis research improved our understanding of the cellular and molecular players that are involved in Th17 pathology and inflammatory pathways in the skin. The inflammation-driving actions of TNF in psoriasis are already well known and antibodies against TNF are successful in the treatment of Th17-mediated psoriatic skin inflammation. A further key cytokine with potent IL-17-/IL-22-promoting properties is IL-23. Therapeutics directly neutralizing IL-23 or IL-17 itself are now extending the therapeutic spectrum of antipsoriatic agents and further developments are on the way. The enormous progress in psoriasis research allows us to control this Th17-mediated inflammatory skin disease in many patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska C Eberle
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Brück
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Holstein
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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159
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Abdalla AE, Lambert N, Duan X, Xie J. Interleukin-10 Family and Tuberculosis: An Old Story Renewed. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:710-7. [PMID: 27194948 PMCID: PMC4870714 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-10 (IL-10) family of cytokines consists of six immune mediators, namely IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. IL-10, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26 are critical for the regulation of host defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Specifically, IL-10 and IL-26 can suppress the antimycobacterial immunity and promote the survival of pathogen, while IL-22 and IL-24 can generate protective responses and inhibit the intracellular growth of pathogen. Knowledge about the new players in tuberculosis immunology, namely IL-10 family, can inform novel immunity-based countermeasures and host directed therapies against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla
- 1. Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- 2. Department of Clinical Microbiology, College of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Nzungize Lambert
- 1. Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiangke Duan
- 1. Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- 1. Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
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160
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Liu J, Cao X. Advances in innate immune signaling: new activators and regulators. Natl Sci Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nww016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
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161
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Johnston A. Interleukin-29: Just an extra string in the bow of Th17 cells or a target for therapeutic exploitation? J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:373-6. [PMID: 27026528 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1412-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, 6427 Medical Science Building I, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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162
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Liu S, Feng M, Guan W. Mitochondrial DNA sensing by STING signaling participates in inflammation, cancer and beyond. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:736-41. [PMID: 26939583 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the diverse pathophysiological functions of mitochondria beyond traditional energetic metabolism in cells. Mitochondria-released damage-associated molecular patterns, particularly mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA), play a central role in host immune defenses against foreign pathogens. Newly discovered cGAS-STING signaling is responsible for microbial DNA recognition, and potentially participates in mitochondrial DNA sensing. Inappropriate inflammatory signaling mediated by mtDNA is implicated in various human diseases, especially infectious/inflammatory disease and cancer. In addition, mtDNA horizontal transfer between tumor cells and surrounding somatic cells has been recently observed and been associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression. In this review, we will summarize the molecular signaling of mtDNA recognition (especially STING signaling), and discuss the underlying mechanism by which mtDNA transfer triggers cancer progression in human. Besides, we will highlight the central role of mtDNA in host immunity, with particular emphasis on mtDNA-induced NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps) formation, apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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163
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Tsuda S, Tanaka Y, Kunikata H, Yokoyama Y, Yasuda M, Ito A, Nakazawa T. Real-time imaging of RGC death with a cell-impermeable nucleic acid dyeing compound after optic nerve crush in a murine model. Exp Eye Res 2016; 146:179-188. [PMID: 27013099 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the main source of therapeutic targets for neuroprotective glaucoma treatment, and evaluating RGCs is key for effective glaucoma care. Thus, we developed a minimally invasive, quick, real-time method to evaluate RGC death in mice. In this article we describe the details of our method, report new results obtained from C57BL/6J mice, and report that our method was usable in wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice lacking an RGC-death-suppressing gene. It used a non-invasive confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) and a low molecular weight, photo-switching, cell-impermeant, fluorescent nucleic acid dyeing compound, SYTOX orange (SO). The RGCs were retrogradely labeled with Fluorogold (FG), the optic nerve was crushed (ONC), and SO was injected into the vitreous. After ten minutes, RGC death was visualized with cSLO in vivo. The retinas were then extracted and flat mounted for histological observation. SO-labeled RGCs were counted in vivo and FG-labeled RGCs were counted in retinal flat mounts. The time course of RGC death was examined in Calpastatin KO mice and wild type (WT) mice. Our in vivo imaging method revealed that SO-positive dead RGCs were mainly present from 4 to 6 days after ONC, and the peak of RGC death was after 5 days. Moreover, the number of SO-positive dead RGCs after 5 days differed significantly in the Calpastatin KO mice and the WT mice. Counting FG-labeled RGCs in isolated retinas confirmed these results. Thus, real-time imaging with SO was able to quickly quantify ONC-induced RGC death. This technique may aid research into RGC death and the development of new neuroprotective therapies for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Tsuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuji Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunikata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Retinal Disease Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yu Yokoyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yasuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Azusa Ito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Retinal Disease Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
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164
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Ryan ES, Micci L, Fromentin R, Paganini S, McGary CS, Easley K, Chomont N, Paiardini M. Loss of Function of Intestinal IL-17 and IL-22 Producing Cells Contributes to Inflammation and Viral Persistence in SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005412. [PMID: 26829644 PMCID: PMC4735119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In HIV/SIV-infected humans and rhesus macaques (RMs), a severe depletion of intestinal CD4(+) T-cells producing interleukin IL-17 and IL-22 associates with loss of mucosal integrity and chronic immune activation. However, little is known about the function of IL-17 and IL-22 producing cells during lentiviral infections. Here, we longitudinally determined the levels and functions of IL-17, IL-22 and IL-17/IL-22 producing CD4(+) T-cells in blood, lymph node and colorectum of SIV-infected RMs, as well as how they recover during effective ART and are affected by ART interruption. Intestinal IL-17 and IL-22 producing CD4(+) T-cells are polyfunctional in SIV-uninfected RMs, with the large majority of cells producing four or five cytokines. SIV infection induced a severe dysfunction of colorectal IL-17, IL-22 and IL-17/IL-22 producing CD4(+) T-cells, the extent of which associated with the levels of immune activation (HLA-DR(+)CD38(+)), proliferation (Ki-67+) and CD4(+) T-cell counts before and during ART. Additionally, Th17 cell function during ART negatively correlated with residual plasma viremia and levels of sCD163, a soluble marker of inflammation and disease progression. Furthermore, IL-17 and IL-22 producing cell frequency and function at various pre, on, and off-ART experimental points associated with and predicted total SIV-DNA content in the colorectum and blood. While ART restored Th22 cell function to levels similar to pre-infection, it did not fully restore Th17 cell function, and all cell types were rapidly and severely affected--both quantitatively and qualitatively--after ART interruption. In conclusion, intestinal IL-17 producing cell function is severely impaired by SIV infection, not fully normalized despite effective ART, and strongly associates with inflammation as well as SIV persistence off and on ART. As such, strategies able to preserve and/or regenerate the functions of these CD4(+) T-cells central for mucosal immunity are critically needed in future HIV cure research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S. Ryan
- Division of Microbiology & Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Luca Micci
- Division of Microbiology & Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sara Paganini
- Division of Microbiology & Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Colleen S. McGary
- Division of Microbiology & Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kirk Easley
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mirko Paiardini
- Division of Microbiology & Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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165
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Mancini F, Monaci E, Lofano G, Torre A, Bacconi M, Tavarini S, Sammicheli C, Arcidiacono L, Galletti B, Laera D, Pallaoro M, Tuscano G, Fontana MR, Bensi G, Grandi G, Rossi-Paccani S, Nuti S, Rappuoli R, De Gregorio E, Bagnoli F, Soldaini E, Bertholet S. One Dose of Staphylococcus aureus 4C-Staph Vaccine Formulated with a Novel TLR7-Dependent Adjuvant Rapidly Protects Mice through Antibodies, Effector CD4+ T Cells, and IL-17A. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147767. [PMID: 26812180 PMCID: PMC4727907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapidly acting, single dose vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus would be highly beneficial for patients scheduled for major surgeries or in intensive care units. Here we show that one immunization with a multicomponent S. aureus candidate vaccine, 4C-Staph, formulated with a novel TLR7-dependent adjuvant, T7-alum, readily protected mice from death and from bacterial dissemination, both in kidney abscess and peritonitis models, outperforming alum-formulated vaccine. This increased efficacy was paralleled by higher vaccine-specific and α-hemolysin-neutralizing antibody titers and Th1/Th17 cell responses. Antibodies played a crucial protective role, as shown by the lack of protection of 4C-Staph/T7-alum vaccine in B-cell-deficient mice and by serum transfer experiments. Depletion of effector CD4+ T cells not only reduced survival but also increased S. aureus load in kidneys of mice immunized with 4C-Staph/T7-alum. The role of IL-17A in the control of bacterial dissemination in 4C-Staph/T7-alum vaccinated mice was indicated by in vivo neutralization experiments. We conclude that single dose 4C-Staph/T7-alum vaccine promptly and efficiently protected mice against S. aureus through the combined actions of antibodies, CD4+ effector T cells, and IL-17A. These data suggest that inclusion of an adjuvant that induces not only fast antibody responses but also IL-17-producing cell-mediated effector responses could efficaciously protect patients scheduled for major surgeries or in intensive care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mancini
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Monaci
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lofano
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonina Torre
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Marta Bacconi
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Tavarini
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Sammicheli
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Galletti
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Donatello Laera
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Michele Pallaoro
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanna Tuscano
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Fontana
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuliano Bensi
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Grandi
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Nuti
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Rino Rappuoli
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Ennio De Gregorio
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Bagnoli
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Soldaini
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Sylvie Bertholet
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, S.r.l., Research Center, Siena, Italy
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166
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Cleret-Buhot A, Zhang Y, Planas D, Goulet JP, Monteiro P, Gosselin A, Wacleche VS, Tremblay CL, Jenabian MA, Routy JP, El-Far M, Chomont N, Haddad EK, Sekaly RP, Ancuta P. Identification of novel HIV-1 dependency factors in primary CCR4(+)CCR6(+)Th17 cells via a genome-wide transcriptional approach. Retrovirology 2015; 12:102. [PMID: 26654242 PMCID: PMC4676116 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-015-0226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The HIV-1 infection is characterized by profound CD4(+) T cell destruction and a marked Th17 dysfunction at the mucosal level. Viral suppressive antiretroviral therapy restores Th1 but not Th17 cells. Although several key HIV dependency factors (HDF) were identified in the past years via genome-wide siRNA screens in cell lines, molecular determinants of HIV permissiveness in primary Th17 cells remain to be elucidated. RESULTS In an effort to orient Th17-targeted reconstitution strategies, we investigated molecular mechanisms of HIV permissiveness in Th17 cells. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling in memory CD4(+) T-cell subsets enriched in cells exhibiting Th17 (CCR4(+)CCR6(+)), Th1 (CXCR3(+)CCR6(-)), Th2 (CCR4(+)CCR6(-)), and Th1Th17 (CXCR3(+)CCR6(+)) features revealed remarkable transcriptional differences between Th17 and Th1 subsets. The HIV-DNA integration was superior in Th17 versus Th1 upon exposure to both wild-type and VSV-G-pseudotyped HIV; this indicates that post-entry mechanisms contribute to viral replication in Th17. Transcripts significantly enriched in Th17 versus Th1 were previously associated with the regulation of TCR signaling (ZAP-70, Lck, and CD96) and Th17 polarization (RORγt, ARNTL, PTPN13, and RUNX1). A meta-analysis using the NCBI HIV Interaction Database revealed a set of Th17-specific HIV dependency factors (HDFs): PARG, PAK2, KLF2, ITGB7, PTEN, ATG16L1, Alix/AIP1/PDCD6IP, LGALS3, JAK1, TRIM8, MALT1, FOXO3, ARNTL/BMAL1, ABCB1/MDR1, TNFSF13B/BAFF, and CDKN1B. Functional studies demonstrated an increased ability of Th17 versus Th1 cells to respond to TCR triggering in terms of NF-κB nuclear translocation/DNA-binding activity and proliferation. Finally, RNA interference studies identified MAP3K4 and PTPN13 as two novel Th17-specific HDFs. CONCLUSIONS The transcriptional program of Th17 cells includes molecules regulating HIV replication at multiple post-entry steps that may represent potential targets for novel therapies aimed at protecting Th17 cells from infection and subsequent depletion in HIV-infected subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Cleret-Buhot
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Delphine Planas
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | | | - Patricia Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Annie Gosselin
- CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Vanessa Sue Wacleche
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Cécile L Tremblay
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Mohamed El-Far
- CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Elias K Haddad
- Division of infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | | | - Petronela Ancuta
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,CHUM-Research Centre, 900 rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger, R09.416, Montreal, QUÉBEC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
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167
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Volpe E, Battistini L, Borsellino G. Advances in T Helper 17 Cell Biology: Pathogenic Role and Potential Therapy in Multiple Sclerosis. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:475158. [PMID: 26770017 PMCID: PMC4685148 DOI: 10.1155/2015/475158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the T helper (Th) 17 lineage, involved in the protection against fungal and extracellular bacterial infections, has profoundly revolutionized our current understanding of T cell-mediated responses in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, recent data demonstrate the pathogenic role of Th17 cells in autoimmune disorders. In particular, studies in MS and in its animal model (EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) have revealed a crucial role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of autoimmune demyelinating diseases in both mice and humans. Over the past years, several important aspects concerning Th17 cells have been elucidated, such as the factors which promote or inhibit their differentiation and the effector cytokines which mediate their responses. The identification of the features endowing Th17 cells with high pathogenicity in MS is of particular interest, and discoveries in Th17 cell biology and function could lead to the design of new strategies aimed at modulating the immune response in MS. Here, we will discuss recent advances in this field, with particular focus on the mechanisms conferring pathogenicity in MS and their potential modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Volpe
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64-65, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Battistini
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64-65, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Borsellino
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64-65, 00143 Rome, Italy
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168
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Lee
- Merck Research Laboratory Palo Alto, Pathways of Inflammation, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Daniel J Cua
- Merck Research Laboratory Palo Alto, Pathways of Inflammation, Palo Alto, California, USA
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169
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T cells: A killer cytokine. Nat Rev Immunol 2015. [PMID: 26205580 DOI: 10.1038/nri3895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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