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Kan HX, Cao Y, Ma Y, Zhang YL, Wang J, Li J, Li JN. Efficacy and safety of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for the prevention of colorectal cancer and precancerous lesion in high-risk populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Dig Dis 2024; 25:14-26. [PMID: 38126945 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly prevalent worldwide and is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have recently attracted attention as preventive measures against colorectal neoplasms. We aimed to analyze the findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in patients at a high risk of CRC, outlining the challenges and future prospects of using probiotics to prevent colorectal tumors and providing evidence for clinical physicians in particular. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies published up to January 7, 2022. RCTs conducted on populations with a high risk of CRC who received probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics in comparison with placebo, candidate agent or no treatment were included. The primary outcome was the incidence or recurrence of any colorectal neoplasms. Additional outcomes included their effects on the diversity of gut microbiota and relevant inflammatory biomarkers. Safety outcomes were also analyzed. Two authors independently screened and selected studies based on pre-specified eligible criteria, performed data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment independently. RESULTS Nine RCTs were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced adenoma incidence, but no significant benefit was observed in CRC incidence. Additionally, probiotics modulated gut microbiota and inflammatory biomarkers. CONCLUSION Probiotics may have beneficial effects in the prevention of CRC. More RCTs with larger sample sizes are warranted to further confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xuan Kan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Lun Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Nan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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152
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Falzone L, Lavoro A, Candido S, Salmeri M, Zanghì A, Libra M. Benefits and concerns of probiotics: an overview of the potential genotoxicity of the colibactin-producing Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 strain. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2397874. [PMID: 39229962 PMCID: PMC11376418 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2397874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the mounting integration of probiotics into human health strategies has gathered considerable attention. Although the benefits of probiotics have been widely recognized in patients with gastrointestinal disorders, immune system modulation, and chronic-degenerative diseases, there is a growing need to evaluate their potential risks. In this context, new concerns have arisen regarding the safety of probiotics as some strains may have adverse effects in humans. Among these strains, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) exhibited traits of concern due to a pathogenic locus in its genome that produces potentially genotoxic metabolites. As the use of probiotics for therapeutic purposes is increasing, the effects of potentially harmful probiotics must be carefully evaluated. To this end, in this narrative review article, we reported the findings of the most relevant in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the expanding applications of probiotics and their impact on human well-being addressing concerns arising from the presence of antibiotic resistance and pathogenic elements, with a focus on the polyketide synthase (pks) pathogenic island of EcN. In this context, the literature data here discussed encourages a thorough profiling of probiotics to identify potential harmful elements as done for EcN where potential genotoxic effects of colibactin, a secondary metabolite, were observed. Specifically, while some studies suggest EcN is safe for gastrointestinal health, conflicting findings highlight the need for further research to clarify its safety and optimize its use in therapy. Overall, the data here presented suggest that a comprehensive assessment of the evolving landscape of probiotics is essential to make evidence-based decisions and ensure their correct use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Falzone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lavoro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Salmeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Zanghì
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technology 'G.F. Ingrassia', University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Research Center for Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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153
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Nenu I, Baldea I, Coadă CA, Crăciun RC, Moldovan R, Tudor D, Petrushev B, Toma VA, Ştefanescu H, Procopeţ B, Spârchez Z, Vodnar D, Lenghel M, Clichici S, Filip GA. Lactobacillus rhamnosus probiotic treatment modulates gut and liver inflammatory pathways in a hepatocellular carcinoma murine model. A preliminary study. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 183:114314. [PMID: 38052407 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a growing global concern with an increasing incidence rate. The intestinal microbiota has been identified as a potential culprit in modulating the effects of antitumoral drugs. We aimed to assess the impact of adding Lactobacillus rhamnosus probiotic to regorafenib in mice with HCC. METHODS Cirrhosis and HCCs were induced in 56 male Swiss mice via diethylnitrosamine injection and carbon tetrachloride administration. Mice were divided into four groups: treated with vehicle (VC), regorafenib (Rego), L. rhamnosus probiotic, and a combination of regorafenib and probiotic (Rego-Pro). After 3 weeks of treatment, liver and intestinal fragments were collected for analysis. RESULTS Regorafenib elevated gut permeability, an effect mitigated by probiotic intervention, which exhibited a notable correlation with reduced inflammation (p < 0.01). iNOS levels were also reduced by adding the probiotic with respect to the mice treated with regorafenib only (p < 0.001). Notably, regorafenib substantially increased IL-6, TNF-a and TLR4 in intestinal fragments (p < 0.01). The administration of the probiotic effectively restored IL-6 to its initial levels (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Reducing systemic and intestinal inflammation by administering L. rhamnosus probiotic may alleviate tumoral resistance and systemic adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Nenu
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | | | - Rareş Călin Crăciun
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Remus Moldovan
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Tudor
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Bobe Petrushev
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Vlad Alexandru Toma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Experimental Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Research, Branch of NIRDBS, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Molecular and Biomolecular Physics, NIRD for Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Horia Ştefanescu
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Bogdan Procopeţ
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Zeno Spârchez
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Dan Vodnar
- Department of Food Science University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Manuela Lenghel
- Radiology Department, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology Discipline, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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154
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Li N, Xiao X, Zhang H, Bai Z, Li M, Sun J, Dong Y, Zhu W, Fei Z, Sun X, Xiao P, Gao Y, Zhou D. Sterile soil mitigates the intergenerational loss of gut microbial diversity and anxiety-like behavior induced by antibiotics in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:179-190. [PMID: 37848098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The decline in gut microbial diversity in modern humans is closely associated with the rising prevalence of various diseases. It is imperative to investigate the underlying causes of gut microbial loss and restoring methods. Although the impact of non-perinatal antibiotic use on gut microbiota has been recognized, its intergenerational effects remain unexplored. Our previous research has highlighted soil in the farm environment as a key factor for gut microbiome health by restoring gut microbial diversity and balance. In this study, we investigated the intergenerational consequences of antibiotic exposure and the therapeutic potential of sterile soil. We treated C57BL/6 mice with vancomycin and streptomycin for 2 weeks continuously, followed by a 4-8 week withdrawal period before breeding. The process was repeated across 3 generations. Half of the mice in each generation received an oral sterile soil intervention. We assessed gut microbial diversity, anxiety behavior, microglial reactivity, and gut barrier integrity across generations. Antibiotic exposure led to a decrease in gut microbial diversity over generations, along with aggravated anxiety behavior, microgliosis, and altered intestinal tight junction protein expression. Oral sterile soil intervention restored gut microbial diversity in adult mice across generations, concomitantly rescuing abnormalities in behavior, microgliosis, and intestinal barrier integrity. In conclusion, this study simulated an important process of the progressive loss of gut microbiota diversity in modern humans and demonstrated the potential of sterile soil to reverse this process. This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for research and interventions targeting multiple modern chronic diseases related to intestinal microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Department of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiaoao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Honglin Zhang
- College of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, China
| | - Zhimao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Department of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yangyang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Department of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Wenyong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zhongjie Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Pengfeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuanqing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Dongrui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science of Department of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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Li Y, Li J, Jia D, Gao S, Guo Y, Liu J, Wang J, Guan G, Luo J, Yin H, Xiao S, Li Y. The Microbial Tryptophan Metabolite Contributes to the Remission of Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:57-68. [PMID: 38019127 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm) causes severe foodborne diseases. Interestingly, gut microbial tryptophan (Trp) metabolism plays a pivotal role in such infections by a yet unknown mechanism. This study aimed to explore the impact of Trp metabolism on S. Tm infection and the possible mechanisms involved. S. Tm-infected C57BL6/J mice were used to demonstrate the therapeutic benefits of the Bacillus velezensis JT3-1 (B. velezensis/JT3-1) strain or its cell-free supernatant in enhancing Trp metabolism. Targeted Trp metabolomic analyses indicated the predominance of indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), an indole derivative and ligand for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Based on the 16S amplicon sequencing and correlation analysis of metabolites, we found that B. velezensis supported the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Ligilactobacillus in mouse gut and showed positive correlations with ILA levels. Moreover, AHR and its downstream genes (especially IL-22) significantly increased in mouse colons after B. velezensis or cell-free supernatant treatment, suggesting the importance of AHR pathway activation. In addition, ILA was found to stimulate primary mouse macrophages to secrete IL-22, which was antagonized by CH-223191. Furthermore, ILA could protect mice from S. Tm infection by increasing IL-22 in Ahr+/- mice, but not in Ahr-/- mice. Finally, Trp-rich feeding showed amelioration of S. Tm infection in mice, and the effect depended on gut microbiota. Taken together, these results suggest that B. velezensis-associated ILA contributes to protecting mice against S. Tm infection by activating the AHR/IL-22 pathway. This study provides insights into the involvement of microbiota-derived Trp catabolites in protecting against Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junqi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shandian Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Junlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guiquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sa Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Youquan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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156
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Xie LW, Cai S, Lu HY, Tang FL, Zhu RQ, Tian Y, Li M. Microbiota-derived I3A protects the intestine against radiation injury by activating AhR/IL-10/Wnt signaling and enhancing the abundance of probiotics. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2347722. [PMID: 38706205 PMCID: PMC11086037 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2347722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestine is prone to radiation damage in patients undergoing radiotherapy for pelvic tumors. However, there are currently no effective drugs available for the prevention or treatment of radiation-induced enteropathy (RIE). In this study, we aimed at investigating the impact of indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A) derived from the intestinal microbiota on RIE. Intestinal organoids were isolated and cultivated for screening radioprotective tryptophan metabolites. A RIE model was established using 13 Gy whole-abdominal irradiation in male C57BL/6J mice. After oral administration of I3A, its radioprotective ability was assessed through the observation of survival rates, clinical scores, and pathological analysis. Intestinal stem cell survival and changes in the intestinal barrier were observed through immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the radioprotective mechanisms of I3A was investigated through 16S rRNA and transcriptome sequencing, respectively. Finally, human colon cancer cells and organoids were cultured to assess the influence of I3A on tumor radiotherapy. I3A exhibited the most potent radioprotective effect on intestinal organoids. Oral administration of I3A treatment significantly increased the survival rate in irradiated mice, improved clinical and histological scores, mitigated mucosal damage, enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells, and maintained intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, I3A enhanced the abundance of probiotics, and activated the AhR/IL-10/Wnt signaling pathway to promote intestinal epithelial proliferation. As a crucial tryptophan metabolite, I3A promotes intestinal epithelial cell proliferation through the AhR/IL-10/Wnt signaling pathway and upregulates the abundance of probiotics to treat RIE. Microbiota-derived I3A demonstrates potential clinical application value for the treatment of RIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Xie
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Lu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng-Ling Tang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui-Qiu Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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157
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Wang A, Zhong Q. Drying of probiotics to enhance the viability during preparation, storage, food application, and digestion: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13287. [PMID: 38284583 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Functional food products containing viable probiotics have become increasingly popular and demand for probiotic ingredients that maintain viability and stability during processing, storage, and gastrointestinal digestions. This has resulted in heightened research and development of powdered probiotic ingredients. The aim of this review is to overview the development of dried probiotics from upstream identification to downstream applications in food. Free probiotic bacteria are susceptible to various environmental stresses during food processing, storage, and after ingestion, necessitating additional materials and processes to preserve their activity for delivery to the colon. Various classic and emerging thermal and nonthermal drying technologies are discussed for their efficiency in preparing dehydrated probiotics, and strategies for enhancing probiotic survival after dehydration are highlighted. Both the formulation and drying technology can influence the microbiological and physical properties of powdered probiotics that are to be characterized comprehensively with various techniques. Furthermore, quality control during probiotic manufacturing and strategies of incorporating powdered probiotics into liquid and solid food products are discussed. As emerging technologies, structure-design principles to encapsulate probiotics in engineered structures and protective materials with improved survivability are highlighted. Overall, this review provides insights into formulations and drying technologies required to supplement viable and stable probiotics into functional foods, ensuring the retention of their health benefits upon consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
- International Flavors and Fragrances, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Qixin Zhong
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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158
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Ding X, Li D, Xu Y, Wang Y, Liang S, Xie L, Yu W, Zhan X, Fu A. Carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan-chitosan complex nanogels stabilized emulsions incorporated into alginate as microcapsule matrix for intestinal-targeted delivery of probiotics: In vivo and in vitro studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126931. [PMID: 37722632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a novel delivery system using carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan-chitosan (CMKGM-CS) nanogels stabilized single and double emulsion incorporated into alginate hydrogel as microcapsule matrix for intestinal-targeted delivery of probiotics. Through in vitro experiments, it was demonstrated that alginate hydrogel provided favorable biocompatible growth conditions for the proliferation of Lactobacillus reuteri (LR). The alginate hydrogel containing single (ASE) or double emulsions (ACG) enhanced the resistance of LR to various adverse environments. Simulated gastrointestinal digestion experiments revealed that the survivability of LR in free, CON, ASE and ACG group decreased by 6.45 log CFU/g, 4.21 log CFU/g, 1.26 log CFU/g and 0.65 log CFU/g, respectively. In vivo studies conducted in mice showed that ACG maintained its integrity during passage through the stomach and released the probiotics in the targeted intestinal area, whereas the pure alginate hydrogels (CON) were prematurely released in the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, the viable counts of ACG in different intestinal segments (jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon) were increased by 1.11, 1.42, 1.68, and 1.89 log CFU/g, respectively, after 72 h of oral administration compared to the CON group. This research contributed valuable insights into the development of an effective microbial delivery system with potential applications in the biopharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Danlei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lingyu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiqiang Yu
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services Center of Haiyan, Jiaxing 314300, China.
| | - Xiuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Aikun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Andersen ML, Gozal D, Pires GN, Tufik S. Exploring the potential relationships among obstructive sleep apnea, erectile dysfunction, and gut microbiota: a narrative review. Sex Med Rev 2023; 12:76-86. [PMID: 37385976 DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qead026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor sleep quality is closely associated with comorbidities affecting a multitude of organ systems. Among the sleep disorders in the population, there has recently been an increase in the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which has particularly affected men. The intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation associated with OSA can result in the manifestation or aggravation of a number of pathophysiologic conditions, including the impairment of reproductive function in men and women. In this context, erectile dysfunction (ED) is of particular concern. Other consequences of OSA are changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota, with the resultant dysbiosis having potentially harmful consequences that promote downstream exacerbation of various comorbidities. OBJECTIVES This narrative review aims to explore the potential relationships among ED, gut microbiota, and OSA. METHODS A search of the relevant literature was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science databases. RESULTS Sleep is important for regulating the body's functions, and sleep deprivation can negatively affect health. OSA can damage organic functions, including reproductive function, and can lead to ED. Restoring the microbiota and improving sleep can help to improve sexual function or reverse ED and enhance other associated conditions mediated through the gut-brain axis relationship. Probiotics and prebiotics can be used as supportive strategies in the prevention and treatment of OSA, as they help to reduce systemic inflammation and improve intestinal barrier function. CONCLUSION A good diet, a healthy lifestyle, and proper bowel function are essential in controlling depression and several other pathologies. Modulating the gut microbiota through probiotics and prebiotics can provide a viable strategy for developing new therapeutic options in treating many conditions. A better understanding of these a priori unrelated phenomena would foster our understanding of the effects of OSA on human fertility and how changes in gut microbiota may play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 04024-002, Brazil
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160
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He KY, Lei XY, Zhang L, Wu DH, Li JQ, Lu LY, Laila UE, Cui CY, Xu ZX, Jian YP. Development and management of gastrointestinal symptoms in long-term COVID-19. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1278479. [PMID: 38156008 PMCID: PMC10752947 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1278479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence reveals that SARS-CoV-2 possesses the capability to disrupt the gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis, resulting in the long-term symptoms such as loss of appetite, diarrhea, gastroesophageal reflux, and nausea. In the current review, we summarized recent reports regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19 (long COVID) on the gastrointestine. Objective To provide a narrative review of abundant clinical evidence regarding the development and management of long-term GI symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Results Long-term persistent digestive symptoms are exhibited in a majority of long-COVID patients. SARS-CoV-2 infection of intestinal epithelial cells, cytokine storm, gut dysbiosis, therapeutic drugs, psychological factors and exacerbation of primary underlying diseases lead to long-term GI symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Interventions like probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics are proved to be beneficial in preserving intestinal microecological homeostasis and alleviating GI symptoms. Conclusion Timely diagnosis and treatment of GI symptoms in long-COVID patients hold great significance as they may contribute to the mitigation of severe conditions and ultimately lead to the improvement of outcomes of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yue He
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dan-Hui Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jun-Qi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Li-Yuan Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Umm E. Laila
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Cui-Yun Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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161
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Goldman DA, Xue KS, Parrott AB, Jeeda RR, Franzese LR, Lopez JG, Vila JCC, Petrov DA, Good BH, Relman DA, Huang KC. Competition for shared resources increases dependence on initial population size during coalescence of gut microbial communities. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.29.569120. [PMID: 38076867 PMCID: PMC10705444 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.29.569120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The long-term success of introduced populations depends on their initial size and ability to compete against existing residents, but it remains unclear how these factors collectively shape colonization. Here, we investigate how initial population (propagule) size and resource competition interact during community coalescence by systematically mixing eight pairs of in vitro microbial communities at ratios that vary over six orders of magnitude, and we compare our results to a neutral ecological model. Although the composition of the resulting co-cultures deviated substantially from neutral expectations, each co-culture contained species whose relative abundance depended on propagule size even after ~40 generations of growth. Using a consumer-resource model, we show that this dose-dependent colonization can arise when resident and introduced species have high niche overlap and consume shared resources at similar rates. This model predicts that propagule size will have larger, longer-lasting effects in diverse communities in which niche overlap is higher, and we experimentally confirm that strain isolates show stronger dose dependence when introduced into diverse communities than in pairwise co-culture. This work shows how neutral-like colonization dynamics can emerge from non-neutral resource competition and have lasting effects on the outcomes of community coalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doran A. Goldman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katherine S. Xue
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Autumn B. Parrott
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rashi R. Jeeda
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Lauryn R. Franzese
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jaime G. Lopez
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jean C. C. Vila
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dmitri A. Petrov
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Benjamin H. Good
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David A. Relman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Kerwyn Casey Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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162
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Yang X, Zhu A, Li X, He S, Zhu Y, Anyan W, Qin L, Zeng H. Effects of extracted oil of fermented Tartary buckwheat on lipid-lowering, inflammation modulation, and gut microbial regulation in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:10814-10828. [PMID: 37982812 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04117d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the composition of Tartary buckwheat oil fermented by Monascus purpureus and extracted under supercritical CO2 conditions (FTBO) and evaluated its effects on lipid-lowering, inflammation modulation, and gut microbial regulation in mice that were fed a high-fat diet (MOD). Compared with the raw oil (TBO), the γ-oryzanol content reached 27.09 mg g-1; the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content (such as oleic acid and palmitic acid) was elevated; and the antioxidant capacities of DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl were improved in FTBO (p < 0.0001). Then, supplementation with FTBO had a remarkable effect on reducing the body weight and visceral obesity as well as alleviating hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, inflammatory reactions, and liver damage. The TC, TG, and LDL-C levels in the liver and plasma were reduced, and the HDL-C levels in the liver were increased (p < 0.05). In particular, the high-dose group (FTBOH) exhibited the most significant effect on reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines ET, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the liver, which were 18.85, 570.12, 50.47, and 26.22 pg mL-1, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, FTBO reversed intestinal disorders and increased the intestinal microbial diversity and richness. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, were increased, and the relative abundance of the harmful bacteria Staphylococcus and Lachnoclostridium were reduced. In summary, FTBO has potential applications as a dietary supplement or dietary modifier in lowering blood lipids, modulating immune activity, and reversing intestinal disorders. This study provides reference guidance for the subsequent industrialization and development of Tartary buckwheat, the extension of the industrial chain, the development of new products, and the extraction of functional components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Anran Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Xi Jiu Co., Ltd, Zunyi, 564622, China
| | - Xuanchen Li
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Shengling He
- Guizhou Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wen Anyan
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Likang Qin
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Haiying Zeng
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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163
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Kaur H, Ali SA, Short SP, Williams CS, Goettel JA, Washington MK, Peek RM, Acra SA, Yan F. Identification of a functional peptide of a probiotic bacterium-derived protein for the sustained effect on preventing colitis. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2264456. [PMID: 37815528 PMCID: PMC10566403 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2264456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Several probiotic-derived factors have been identified as effectors of probiotics for exerting beneficial effects on the host. However, there is a paucity of studies to elucidate mechanisms of their functions. p40, a secretory protein, is originally isolated from a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Thus, this study aimed to apply structure-functional analysis to define the functional peptide of p40 that modulates the epigenetic program in intestinal epithelial cells for sustained prevention of colitis. In silico analysis revealed that p40 is composed of a signal peptide (1-28 residues) followed by a coiled-coil domain with uncharacterized function on the N-terminus, a linker region, and a β-sheet domain with high homology to CHAP on the C-terminus. Based on the p40 three-dimensional structure model, two recombinant p40 peptides were generated, p40N120 (28-120 residues) and p40N180 (28-180 residues) that contain first two and first three coiled coils, respectively. Compared to full-length p40 (p40F) and p40N180, p40N120 showed similar or higher effects on up-regulating expression of Setd1b (encoding a methyltransferase), promoting mono- and trimethylation of histone 3 on lysine 4 (H3K4me1/3), and enhancing Tgfb gene expression and protein production that leads to SMAD2 phosphorylation in human colonoids and a mouse colonic epithelial cell line. Furthermore, supplementation with p40F and p40N120 in early life increased H3K4me1, Tgfb expression and differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the colon, and mitigated disruption of epithelial barrier and inflammation induced by DSS in adult mice. This study reveals the structural feature of p40 and identifies a functional peptide of p40 that could maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cell and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah P. Short
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Jeremy A. Goettel
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M. Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Richard M. Peek
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sari A. Acra
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Fang Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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164
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Ji J, Jin W, Liu S, Jiao Z, Li X. Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e420. [PMID: 37929014 PMCID: PMC10625129 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and its homeostasis play a crucial role in human health. However, for some diseases related to the gut microbiota, current traditional medicines can only relieve symptoms, and it is difficult to solve the root causes or even cause side effects like disturbances in the gut microbiota. Increasing clinical studies and evidences have demonstrated that probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics can prevent and treat various diseases, but currently they can only be used as dietary supplements rather than medicines, which restricts the application of probiotics in the field of medicine. Here, this review analyzes the importance of gut microbiota in human health and the current problems of traditional medicines, and systematically summarizes the effectiveness and mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in maintaining health and treating diseases based on animal models and clinical trials. And based on current research outcomes and development trends in this field, the challenges and prospects of their clinical application in maintaining health, alleviating and treating diseases are analyzed. It is hoped to promote the application of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in disease treatment and open up new frontiers in probiotic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress AdaptationsSchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Weilin Jin
- Institute of Cancer NeuroscienceMedical Frontier Innovation Research CenterThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Shuang‐Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zuoyi Jiao
- Cuiying Biomedical Research CenterThe Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xiangkai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress AdaptationsSchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
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165
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Ren Y, Tian Y, Hou M, Zhao Y, Li J, Aftab U, Rousseau X, Jiang R, Kang X, Tian Y, Gong Y. Evaluation of stimbiotic on growth performance and intestinal development of broilers fed corn- or wheat-based diets. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103094. [PMID: 37931376 PMCID: PMC10633449 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the antibiotics-free era, stimbiotic (STB) has been suggested as a new alternative of antibiotic growth promoters to modulate intestinal health via stimulating dietary fiber utilization in poultry production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of STB supplementation in corn- or wheat-basal diet on growth performance, intestinal development, and function of broilers. A total of 512 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers were randomly allocated 4 treatments, including corn group (CG), corn + 100 g/t STB (CG + STB), wheat group (WG), wheat + 100 g/t STB (WG + STB). The broilers were weighed at the days of 14, 28, and 42, of which 8 repetitions per treatment were randomly selected to determine the intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier, and cecal microbiota and metabolites. Our data showed that STB increased (P < 0.05) feed intake, body weight and reduced FCR for the overall period (0-42 d). At 28 d of age, significant increases in villus height and the villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (V/C) were found in the STB supplementation groups (P < 0.05). Addition of STB significantly increased intestinal mucosal DAO and AMPK enzyme activity and the gene expression of OCLN, CLDN1, ZO1, MUC2, SGLT1, PEPT1, FABP2, Ghrelin, and GCG in jejunum (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased the expression of the PYY gene. In addition, STB increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Oscillospirales (P < 0.05). A significant increase in cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) concentration was also observed in the STB supplementation groups. At the cellular level, STB cannot directly increase the expression of small intestinal epithelial cells, and may indirectly improve intestinal barrier function by increasing the level of sodium butyrate. Overall, these results indicated that STB supplementation could improve the growth performance, intestinal development and barrier functions, and fiber fermentation in cecum of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangguang Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yixiang Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Meng Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yudian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jing Li
- AB Vista, Marlborough SN8 4AN, UK
| | | | | | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yujie Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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166
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Esposito A, Bossi P. How can we prevent diarrhea induced by systemic treatments in oncological patients? An evaluation of phase II trials. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2023; 28:213-216. [PMID: 37750491 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2023.2264182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Esposito
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST-Spedali Civili Brescia, University of Brescia, Oncology Unit, Piazzale Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Bossi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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167
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Wang Y, Li Y, Bo L, Zhou E, Chen Y, Naranmandakh S, Xie W, Ru Q, Chen L, Zhu Z, Ding C, Wu Y. Progress of linking gut microbiota and musculoskeletal health: casualty, mechanisms, and translational values. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2263207. [PMID: 37800576 PMCID: PMC10561578 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2263207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The musculoskeletal system is important for balancing metabolic activity and maintaining health. Recent studies have shown that distortions in homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota are correlated with or may even contribute to abnormalities in musculoskeletal system function. Research has also shown that the intestinal flora and its secondary metabolites can impact the musculoskeletal system by regulating various phenomena, such as inflammation and immune and metabolic activities. Most of the existing literature supports that reasonable nutritional intervention helps to improve and maintain the homeostasis of intestinal microbiota, and may have a positive impact on musculoskeletal health. The purpose of organizing, summarizing and discussing the existing literature is to explore whether the intervention methods, including nutritional supplement and moderate exercise, can affect the muscle and bone health by regulating the microecology of the intestinal flora. More in-depth efficacy verification experiments will be helpful for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Bo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enyuan Zhou
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shinen Naranmandakh
- School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Ru
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohua Zhu
- Clinical Research Centre, Orthopedic Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhai Ding
- Clinical Research Centre, Orthopedic Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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168
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Siddiqui SA, Erol Z, Rugji J, Taşçı F, Kahraman HA, Toppi V, Musa L, Di Giacinto G, Bahmid NA, Mehdizadeh M, Castro-Muñoz R. An overview of fermentation in the food industry - looking back from a new perspective. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:85. [PMID: 38647968 PMCID: PMC10991178 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00702-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermentation is thought to be born in the Fertile Crescent, and since then, almost every culture has integrated fermented foods into their dietary habits. Originally used to preserve foods, fermentation is now applied to improve their physicochemical, sensory, nutritional, and safety attributes. Fermented dairy, alcoholic beverages like wine and beer, fermented vegetables, fruits, and meats are all highly valuable due to their increased storage stability, reduced risk of food poisoning, and enhanced flavor. Over the years, scientific research has associated the consumption of fermented products with improved health status. The fermentation process helps to break down compounds into more easily digestible forms. It also helps to reduce the amount of toxins and pathogens in food. Additionally, fermented foods contain probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria that help the body to digest food and absorb nutrients. In today's world, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and allergies have increased. In this regard, scientific investigations have demonstrated that shifting to a diet that contains fermented foods can reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases. Moreover, in the last decade, there has been a growing interest in fermentation technology to valorize food waste into valuable by-products. Fermentation of various food wastes has resulted in the successful production of valuable by-products, including enzymes, pigments, and biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Essigberg 3, 94315, Straubing, Germany.
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL E.V.), Prof.-Von-Klitzing Str. 7, 49610, Quakenbrück, Germany.
| | - Zeki Erol
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Jerina Rugji
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Fulya Taşçı
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Hatice Ahu Kahraman
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, İstiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Valeria Toppi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Musa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giacomo Di Giacinto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Nur Alim Bahmid
- Research Center for Food Technology and Processing, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gading, Playen, Gunungkidul, 55861, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Mehdizadeh
- Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
- Ilam Science and Technology Park, Ilam, Iran
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca, Av. Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000, San Antonio Buenavista, 50110, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico.
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
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169
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Sun Y, Liu M, Tang X, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Yang B. Culture-Delivery Live Probiotics Dressing for Accelerated Infected Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53283-53296. [PMID: 37948751 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic therapy in infected wound healing is hindered by its low viability and colonization efficiency during treatments. Developing dressings that maintain metabolic activity and prevent the potential leakage of probiotics is imperative. Herein, a culture-delivery live probiotics hydrogel dressing is designed and synthesized, formed by gelatin modified with norbornene (GelNB) and sulfhydryl (GelSH), distributing Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri)-laden alginate microspheres (AlgMPs). GelNB-GelSH hydrogel (GelNBSH) incorporating AlgMPs embedding L. reuteri (GelNBSH-L) possesses bioprintability and efficient polymerization that can maintain the activity of L. reuteri in situ, promote its proliferation, and limit its leakage. Thereby, GelNBSH-L achieved a sustainable antimicrobial effect against both S. aureus and E. coli (>90%). Above all, the results show that GelNBSH-L could ensure propitious viability and efficient antibacterial properties of probiotics, effectively inhibit the further development of bacterial infectious wounds and shorten the repair cycle, aiding in ameliorating future clinical probiotic biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Material, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Manxuan Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaoduo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Material, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Junhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Material, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Material, Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto-Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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170
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Li B, Ding M, Chen C, Zhao J, Shi G, Ross P, Stanton C, Chen W, Yang B. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B6MNI Alleviates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats via Regulating 5-HIAA and Pim-1/JAK/STAT3 Inflammation Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17819-17832. [PMID: 37906736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The immunomodulatory potential of certain bacterial strains suggests that they could be beneficial in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we investigated the effects of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B6MNI on the progression of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats as well as its influence on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. Forty-eight female Wistar rats were divided into six groups that included a B6MNI group with CIA and intragastrically administered B. longum subsp. infantis B6MNI (109 CFU/day/rat), a control group (CON), and a CIA group, both of which were intracardiacally administered the same volume of saline. Rats were sacrificed after short-term (ST, 4 weeks) or long-term (LT, 6 weeks) administration. The results indicate that B. longum subsp. infantis B6MNI can modulate the gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, including 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), which in turn impacts the expression of Pim-1 and immune cell differentiation, then through the JAK-STAT3 pathway affects joint inflammation, regulates osteoclast differentiation factors, and delays the progression of RA. Our results also suggest that B. longum subsp. infantis B6MNI is most efficacious for the early or middle stages of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengfan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoxun Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
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171
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Zhu Q, Wu K, Yang Q, Meng B, Niu Y, Zhao F. Advances in psoriasis and gut microorganisms with co-metabolites. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192543. [PMID: 38033573 PMCID: PMC10687559 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the potential role of gut microbes and their metabolites as novel mediators of psoriasis, including their composition and function in disease pathogenesis, progression, and management. Gut microbiota network analysis, colony construction, and in vivo large-scale interaction experiments showed that different degrees of damage and repair in psoriasis, both in animals and humans, involve cross-border homeostasis of the microbial community. Which gut microbiota interactions are present in psoriasis and how they collaborate with immune cells and influence psoriasis development via the gut-skin axis remain incompletely elucidated. In this article, we review the latest information on the unique patterns of gut microbiota and co-metabolites involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and attempt to explore microbial-based therapeutic targets derived from mono-and polymicrobial probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, pharmacomicrobiomics, and dietary interventions as diagnostic or therapeutic approaches promising to provide new options and long-term management for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushuang Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The 962nd Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuhong Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Dermatology, People's Hospital of Nan Gang District, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Meng
- Department of Dermatology, The 962nd Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Harbin, China
| | - Yucun Niu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fenglian Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The 962nd Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Harbin, China
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172
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He Z, Wang T, Zhang S, Shi K, Wang F, Li Y, Lin C, Chen J. Evaluation of cholesterol transformation abilities and probiotic properties of Bacteroides dorei YGMCC0564. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1279996. [PMID: 38029107 PMCID: PMC10666794 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1279996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), often requires therapeutic agents with varying degrees of side effects. This has created a need for safe and natural alternatives such as medications or functional foods that can improve lipid metabolism and reduce cholesterol levels. In recent years, Next-generation probiotics (NGPs) have recently emerged as a potential solution, offering distinct mechanisms compared to traditional probiotics. Among the NGPs, Bacteroides, a dominant bacterial genus in the human gut, has gained significant attention due to its prevalence, ability to break down plant polysaccharides, and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Recent evidence has demonstrated that Bacteroides effectively reduces cholesterol levels, prevents obesity, and lowers the risk of CVD. However, research on Bacteroides is currently limited to a few species, leaving rooms for exploration of the beneficial functions of different species in this genus. In this study, we isolated 66 Bacteroides strains, including 9 distinct species, from healthy adults' fecal samples. By comparing their ability to assimilate cholesterol, we found that the transformation ability was not specific to any particular species. Notably, Bacteroides dorei YGMCC0564 revealed superior cholesterol-lowering capabilities and bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity in vitro, surpassing that of Lactobacillus GG (LGG). YGMCC0564 exhibited favorable probiotic characteristics, including high survival rate in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal digestion, excellent adhesion ability, susceptibility to antibiotics, absence of hemolysis or virulence genes, and substantial production of SCFAs. The strain also demonstrated remarkable bile salt deconjugation activities and upregulation of the BT_416 gene associated with cholesterol, providing insights into a possible molecular mechanism underlying its cholesterol-reducing activity. These findings establish YGMCC0564 as a promising NPG candidate for improving cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili He
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Tinghui Wang
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Kuojiang Shi
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- Beijing Hotgen Biotechnology Inc., Beijing, China
| | - Chanqing Lin
- Beijing Hotgen Biotechnology Inc., Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Beijing YuGen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
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173
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He S, Lin F, Hu X, Pan P. Gut Microbiome-Based Therapeutics in Critically Ill Adult Patients-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4734. [PMID: 38004128 PMCID: PMC10675331 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the human microenvironment. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in critically ill patients. Therefore, utilizing intestinal microbiota to prevent complications and improve the prognosis of critically ill patients is a possible therapeutic direction. The gut microbiome-based therapeutics approach focuses on improving intestinal microbiota homeostasis by modulating its diversity, or treating critical illness by altering the metabolites of intestinal microbiota. There is growing evidence that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), selective digestive decontamination (SDD), and microbiota-derived therapies are all effective treatments for critical illness. However, different treatments are appropriate for different conditions, and more evidence is needed to support the selection of optimal gut microbiota-related treatments for different diseases. This narrative review summarizes the curative effects and limitations of microbiome-based therapeutics in different critically ill adult patients, aiming to provide possible directions for gut microbiome-based therapeutics for critically ill patients such as ventilator-associated pneumonia, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and COVID-19, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue He
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Fengyu Lin
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, China
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174
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Marangoni K, Dorneles G, da Silva DM, Pinto LP, Rossoni C, Fernandes SA. Diet as an epigenetic factor in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5618-5629. [PMID: 38077158 PMCID: PMC10701328 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i41.5618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has as a main characteristic the exacerbation of the immune system against enterocytes, compromising the individual's intestinal microbiota. This inflammatory cascade causes several nutritional deficiencies, which further compromise immunological functioning and, as a result, worsen the prognosis. This vicious cycle can be interrupted as the patient's dietary pattern meets their needs according to their clinical condition, acting directly on the inflammatory process of IBD through the interaction of food, intestinal microbiota, and epigenome. Specific nutritional intervention for IBD has a crucial role in preventing and managing disease activity. This review addresses epigenetic modifications through dietary compounds as a mechanism for modulating the intestinal microbiota of patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Marangoni
- Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Caparica - Almada, Portugal, Caparica 2820-062, Portugal
- National Institute of Sciences and Technology - Theranostics and Nanobiotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia - MG, Brazil, Uberlândia 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Gilson Dorneles
- Corporate Social Responsibility, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre 90035-004, Brazil
| | - Daniella Miranda da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Gastroenterology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Uniasselvi - Group Vitru, Santa Catarina 89082-262, Brazil
| | - Letícia Pereira Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Carina Rossoni
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Environmental Health, University of Lisbon, Lisboa 1649-026, Portugal
- Master in Physical Activity and Health, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja 7800-000, Portugal
- Degree in Nutrition Sciences, Lusófona University, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Sabrina Alves Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Brazil
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175
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Sisk-Hackworth L, Brown J, Sau L, Levine AA, Tam LYI, Ramesh A, Shah RS, Kelley-Thackray ET, Wang S, Nguyen A, Kelley ST, Thackray VG. Genetic hypogonadal mouse model reveals niche-specific influence of reproductive axis and sex on intestinal microbial communities. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:79. [PMID: 37932822 PMCID: PMC10626657 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome has been linked to many diseases with sex bias including autoimmune, metabolic, neurological, and reproductive disorders. While numerous studies report sex differences in fecal microbial communities, the role of the reproductive axis in this differentiation is unclear and it is unknown how sex differentiation affects microbial diversity in specific regions of the small and large intestine. METHODS We used a genetic hypogonadal mouse model that does not produce sex steroids or go through puberty to investigate how sex and the reproductive axis impact bacterial diversity within the intestine. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed alpha and beta diversity and taxonomic composition of fecal and intestinal communities from the lumen and mucosa of the duodenum, ileum, and cecum from adult female (n = 20) and male (n = 20) wild-type mice and female (n = 17) and male (n = 20) hypogonadal mice. RESULTS Both sex and reproductive axis inactivation altered bacterial composition in an intestinal section and niche-specific manner. Hypogonadism was significantly associated with bacteria from the Bacteroidaceae, Eggerthellaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Rikenellaceae families, which have genes for bile acid metabolism and mucin degradation. Microbial balances between males and females and between hypogonadal and wild-type mice were also intestinal section-specific. In addition, we identified 3 bacterial genera (Escherichia Shigella, Lachnoclostridium, and Eggerthellaceae genus) with higher abundance in wild-type female mice throughout the intestinal tract compared to both wild-type male and hypogonadal female mice, indicating that activation of the reproductive axis leads to female-specific differentiation of the gut microbiome. Our results also implicated factors independent of the reproductive axis (i.e., sex chromosomes) in shaping sex differences in intestinal communities. Additionally, our detailed profile of intestinal communities showed that fecal samples do not reflect bacterial diversity in the small intestine. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that sex differences in the gut microbiome are intestinal niche-specific and that sampling feces or the large intestine may miss significant sex effects in the small intestine. These results strongly support the need to consider both sex and reproductive status when studying the gut microbiome and while developing microbial-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sisk-Hackworth
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jada Brown
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lillian Sau
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Reeya S Shah
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Sophia Wang
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anita Nguyen
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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176
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Svabova T, Jelinkova A, Gautam UK. Gut microbiota and Lactobacillus species maintain the small intestine stem cell niche and ameliorate the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis. Allergy 2023; 78:3038-3040. [PMID: 37610035 DOI: 10.1111/all.15856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Svabova
- Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novy Hradek, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Jelinkova
- Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novy Hradek, Czech Republic
| | - Umesh Kumar Gautam
- Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novy Hradek, Czech Republic
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177
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Liu Y, Liu J, Du M, Yang H, Shi R, Shi Y, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Lan J. Short-chain fatty acid - A critical interfering factor for allergic diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110739. [PMID: 37805176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Allergy is a growing global public health problem with a high socio-economic impact. The incidence of allergic diseases is increasing year by year, which has attracted more and more attention. In recent years, a number of epidemiological investigations and gut microbiota studies have shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with an increased prevalence of various allergic diseases, such as food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and have not been fully clarified. Metabolites are one of the main ways in which the gut microbiota functions. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites of intestinal flora fermentation and are beneficial to human health. Studies have shown that SCFAs play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and regulating immune responses by recognizing receptors and inhibiting histone deacetylases, and are key molecules involved in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. In addition, research on the regulation of gut microbiota and the application of SCFAs in the treatment of allergic diseases is also emerging. This article reviews the clinical and experimental evidence on the correlation between SCFAs and allergic diseases and the potential mechanisms by which SCFAs regulate allergic diseases. Furthermore, SCFAs as therapeutic targets for allergic diseases are also summarized and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mi Du
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ruiwen Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yilin Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shengben Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Jing Lan
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China.
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178
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Yang J, Li Y, Meng L. Combination of Bifidobacterium breve and antibiotics against Clostridioides difficile: effect of the time interval of combination on antagonistic activity. Int Microbiol 2023; 26:833-840. [PMID: 36808573 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Co-administration of probiotics and antibiotics has been used to prevent or treat primary Clostridioides difficile (pCDI), and the closer the interval between the combination, the more effective it is, but the reason behind this is unknown. In this study, the cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of Bifidobacterium breve YH68 was used in combination with vancomycin (VAN) and metronidazole (MTR) to treat C. difficile cells. The growth and biofilm production of C. difficile under different co-administration time interval treatments were determined by optical density and crystalline violet staining, respectively. The toxin production of C. difficile was determined by enzyme immunoassay, and the relative expressions of C. difficile virulence genes tcdA and tcdB were determined by real-time qPCR method. Meanwhile, the types and contents of organic acids in YH68-CFCS were investigated by LC-MS/MS. The results showed that YH68-CFCS in combination with VAN or MTR significantly inhibited the growth, biofilm production, and toxin production of C. difficile in the effective time interval range (0-12 h) but did not affect the expression level of C. difficile virulence genes. In addition, the effective antibacterial component of YH68-CFCS is lactic acid (LA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingpeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingtong Meng
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
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179
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Nie S, Ge Y. The link between the gut microbiome, inflammation, and Parkinson's disease. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6737-6749. [PMID: 37736791 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12789-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
As our society ages, the growing number of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) puts tremendous pressure on our society. Currently, there is no effective treatment for PD, so there is an urgent need to find new treatment options. In recent years, increasing studies have shown a strong link between gut microbes and PD. In this review, recent advances in research on gut microbes in PD patients were summarized. Increased potential pro-inflammatory microbes and decreased potential anti-inflammatory microbes are prominent features of gut microbiota in PD patients. These changes may lead to an increase in pro-inflammatory substances (such as lipopolysaccharide and H2S) and a decrease in anti-inflammatory substances (such as short-chain fatty acids) to promote inflammation in the gut. This gut microbiota-mediated inflammation will lead to pathological α-synuclein accumulation in the gut, and the inflammation and α-synuclein can spread to the brain via the microbiota-gut-brain axis, thereby promoting neuroinflammation, apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons, and ultimately the development of PD. This review also showed that therapies based on gut microbiota may have a bright future for PD. However, more research and new approaches are still needed to clarify the causal relationship between gut microbes and PD and to determine whether therapies based on gut microbiota are effective in PD patients. KEY POINTS: • There is a strong association between gut microbes and PD. • Inflammation mediated by gut microbes may promote the development of PD. • Therapies based on the gut microbiome provide a promising strategy for PD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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180
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Pacheco-Yanes J, Reynolds E, Li J, Mariño E. Microbiome-targeted interventions for the control of oral-gut dysbiosis and chronic systemic inflammation. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:912-925. [PMID: 37730461 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has confirmed the strong connection between imbalances in the oral and gut microbiome (oral-gut dysbiosis), periodontitis, and inflammatory conditions such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular diseases. Microbiome modulation is crucial for preventing and treating several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. However, the causal relationships between the microbiome and its derived metabolites that mediate periodontitis and chronic inflammation constitute a notable knowledge gap. Here we review the mechanisms involved in the microbiome-host crosstalk, and describe novel precision medicine for the control of systemic inflammation. As microbiome-targeted therapies begin to enter clinical trials, the success of these approaches relies upon understanding these reciprocal microbiome-host interactions, and it may provide new therapeutic avenues to reduce the risk of periodontitis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pacheco-Yanes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Reynolds
- Oral Health Collaborative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eliana Mariño
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; ImmunoBiota Therapeutics Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia.
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181
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Kim DY, Park JY, Gee HY. Lactobacillus plantarum ameliorates NASH-related inflammation by upregulating L-arginine production. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2332-2345. [PMID: 37907736 PMCID: PMC10689779 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus is a probiotic with therapeutic potential for several diseases, including liver disease. However, the therapeutic effect of L. plantarum against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its underlying mechanisms remain unelucidated. Therefore, we delineated the L. plantarum-mediated NASH regulation in a mouse model to understand its therapeutic effect. We used a choline-deficient high-fat diet (CD-HFD)-induced murine model that recapitulated the critical features of human metabolic syndrome and investigated the effect of L. plantarum on NASH pathogenesis using transcriptomic, metagenomic, and immunohistochemistry analyses. Validation experiments were performed using liver organoids and a murine model fed a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet. L. plantarum treatment in mice significantly decreased liver inflammation and improved metabolic phenotypes, such as insulin tolerance and the hepatic lipid content, compared with those in the vehicle group. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that L. plantarum treatment significantly downregulated inflammation-related pathways. Shotgun metagenomic analysis revealed that L-arginine biosynthesis-related microbial genes were significantly upregulated in the L. plantarum group. We also confirmed the elevated arginine levels in the serum of the L. plantarum group. We further used liver organoids and mice fed an MCD diet to demonstrate that L-arginine alone was sufficient to alleviate liver inflammation. Our data revealed a novel and counterintuitive therapeutic effect of L. plantarum on alleviating NASH-related liver inflammation by increasing circulating L-arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of South Korea
| | - Jun Yong Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea.
- Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of South Korea.
| | - Heon Yung Gee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of South Korea.
- Woo Choo Lee Institute for Precision Drug Development, Seoul, Republic of South Korea.
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182
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Labossiere A, Ramsey M, Merritt J, Kreth J. Molecular commensalism-how to investigate underappreciated health-associated polymicrobial communities. mBio 2023; 14:e0134223. [PMID: 37754569 PMCID: PMC10653818 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01342-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of human commensal bacteria began with the first observation of prokaryotes >340 years ago. Since then, the study of human-associated microbes has been justifiably biased toward the study of infectious pathogens. However, the role of commensal microbes has in recent years begun to be understood with some appreciation of them as potential protectors of host health rather than bystanders. As our understanding of these valuable microbes grows, it highlights how much more remains to be learned about them and their roles in maintaining health. We note here that a thorough framework for the study of commensals, both in vivo and in vitro is overall lacking compared to well-developed methodologies for pathogens. The modification and application of methods for the study of pathogens can work well for the study of commensals but is not alone sufficient to properly characterize their relationships. This is because commensals live in homeostasis with the host and within complex communities. One difficulty is determining which commensals have a quantifiable impact on community structure and stability as well as host health, vs benign microbes that may indeed serve only as bystanders. Human microbiomes are composed of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses. This review focuses particularly on oral bacteria, yet many of the principles of commensal impacts on host health observed in the mouth can translate well to other host sites. Here, we discuss the value of commensals, the shortcomings involved in model systems for their study, and some of the more notable impacts they have upon not only each other but host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Labossiere
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Matthew Ramsey
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Justin Merritt
- Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Dentistry, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jens Kreth
- Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Dentistry, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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183
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Zhu Z, Yi B, Tang Z, Chen X, Li M, Xu T, Zhao Z, Tang C. Lactobacillus casei combined with Lactobacillus reuteri alleviate pancreatic cancer by inhibiting TLR4 to promote macrophage M1 polarization and regulate gut microbial homeostasis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1044. [PMID: 37904102 PMCID: PMC10614400 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease with no effective treatments. Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) and Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) exhibited therapeutic effects on several cancers, but their roles in pancreatic cancer are unknown. This study aims to explore how L. casei & L. reuteri influence pancreatic cancer and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Pancreatic cancer cells were treated with L. casei & L. reuteri and co-cultured with macrophages in a transwell system in vitro. Pancreatic cancer xenograft model was established and L. casei & L. reuteri was used to treat mice in vivo. MTT, CCK-8 assay or immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells or tumor tissues. Transwell assay was applied to test the migration and invasion of pancreatic cells. RT-qPCR was utilized to assess TLR4 and MyD88 expressions in pancreatic cells or tumor tissues. WB, immunofluorescence staining, or flow cytometry was used to evaluate the M1/M2 polarization of macrophages. Besides, the composition of gut microbiota of tumor-bearing mice was determined by 16 S rRNA sequencing, and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) untargeted metabolomics was used to evaluate the metabolic profiles of feces. RESULTS L. casei & L. reuteri inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic cancer cell-induced M2 polarization of macrophages by suppressing TLR4. Meanwhile, L. casei & L. reuteri repressed pancreatic cancer growth and promoted M1 macrophage polarization. Besides, L. casei & L. reuteri reduced fecal Alloprevotella and increased fecal azelate and glutamate in nude mice, while TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 increased Clostridia UCG-014, azelate, uridine, methionine sulfoxide, oxypurinol, and decreased glyceryl monoester in the feces of pancreatic tumor-bearing mice. Fecal oxypurinol and glyceryl monoester levels were positively or negatively associated with gut Clostridia UCG-014 abundance, respectively. CONCLUSION L. casei & L. reuteri alleviate pancreatic cancer by inhibiting TLR4 to promote macrophage M1 polarization and regulate gut microbial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Bo Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Zikai Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
- Department of Trauma Center, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Trauma Center, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China.
| | - Caixi Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China.
- Department of Trauma Center, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China.
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184
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Xue KS, Walton SJ, Goldman DA, Morrison ML, Verster AJ, Parrott AB, Yu FB, Neff NF, Rosenberg NA, Ross BD, Petrov DA, Huang KC, Good BH, Relman DA. Prolonged delays in human microbiota transmission after a controlled antibiotic perturbation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.559480. [PMID: 37808827 PMCID: PMC10557656 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.559480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Humans constantly encounter new microbes, but few become long-term residents of the adult gut microbiome. Classical theories predict that colonization is determined by the availability of open niches, but it remains unclear whether other ecological barriers limit commensal colonization in natural settings. To disentangle these effects, we used a controlled perturbation with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin to investigate the dynamics of gut microbiome transmission in 22 households of healthy, cohabiting adults. Colonization was rare in three-quarters of antibiotic-taking subjects, whose resident strains rapidly recovered in the week after antibiotics ended. In contrast, the remaining antibiotic-taking subjects exhibited lasting responses, with extensive species losses and transient expansions of potential opportunistic pathogens. These subjects experienced elevated rates of commensal colonization, but only after long delays: many new colonizers underwent sudden, correlated expansions months after the antibiotic perturbation. Furthermore, strains that had previously transmitted between cohabiting partners rarely recolonized after antibiotic disruptions, showing that colonization displays substantial historical contingency. This work demonstrates that there remain substantial ecological barriers to colonization even after major microbiome disruptions, suggesting that dispersal interactions and priority effects limit the pace of community change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Xue
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sophie Jean Walton
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Biophysics Training Program, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Doran A Goldman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maike L Morrison
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adrian J Verster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | | | | | - Norma F Neff
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Noah A Rosenberg
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Benjamin D Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Dmitri A Petrov
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kerwyn Casey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Benjamin H Good
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David A Relman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Infectious Diseases Section, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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185
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Ponziani FR, Coppola G, Rio P, Caldarelli M, Borriello R, Gambassi G, Gasbarrini A, Cianci R. Factors Influencing Microbiota in Modulating Vaccine Immune Response: A Long Way to Go. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1609. [PMID: 37897011 PMCID: PMC10611107 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine immunogenicity still represents an unmet need in specific populations, such as people from developing countries and "edge populations". Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as the environment, age, and dietary habits, influence cellular and humoral immune responses. The human microbiota represents a potential key to understanding how these factors impact the immune response to vaccination, with its modulation being a potential step to address vaccine immunogenicity. The aim of this narrative review is to explore the intricate interactions between the microbiota and the immune system in response to vaccines, highlighting the state of the art in gut microbiota modulation as a novel therapeutic approach to enhancing vaccine immunogenicity and laying the foundation for future, more solid data for its translation to the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (G.C.); (P.R.); (M.C.); (R.B.); (G.G.); (A.G.)
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186
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Zamora-Pineda J, Kalinina O, Sperling AI, Knight KL. Mechanism of TLR4-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Response Induced by Exopolysaccharide from the Probiotic Bacillus subtilis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1232-1239. [PMID: 37672039 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal inflammatory diseases affect millions of people worldwide, and one class of drugs showing promise toward treatment of several inflammatory diseases is probiotics. Numerous studies have been performed using probiotics to prevent and treat intestinal inflammatory diseases. Most of these studies used intact bacteria, and neither the active molecule nor the molecular mechanisms by which they affect immune responses are known. We have shown that the probiotic Bacillus subtilis is anti-inflammatory and can protect mice from acute colitis induced by the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. We identified and purified the active molecule, exopolysaccharide (EPS), and showed that it protects mice from C. rodentium-induced colitis by inducing anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages or inhibitory dendritic cells (DCs), both of which inhibit excessive T cell responses. We showed previously that EPS affects macrophages and DCs in a TLR4-dependent manner, and in the current study we asked how EPS induces these anti-inflammatory cells and how they function to inhibit T cells. By investigating the signaling downstream of TLR4 that leads to acquisition of inhibitory properties of macrophages and DCs, we found that EPS induces expression of the inhibitory molecule IDO in bone marrow-derived DCs, and that inhibition of T cell proliferation by IDO-expressing bone marrow-derived DCs utilizes the kynurenine/aryl hydrocarbon receptor circuit. Furthermore, unlike LPS, EPS does not induce inflammatory cytokines upon injection in vivo, directly demonstrating different outcomes induced by two different TLR4 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Zamora-Pineda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Olga Kalinina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Anne I Sperling
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Katherine L Knight
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
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187
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Wei J, Li Z, Fan Y, Feng L, Zhong X, Li W, Guo T, Ning X, Li Z, Ou C. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG aggravates vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease: A potential role for extracellular vesicles. Life Sci 2023; 331:122001. [PMID: 37625519 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a probiotic with great promise in future clinical application, which can significantly promote bone formation. However, the effect of LGG on CKD-related vascular calcification is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of LGG on CKD-related vascular calcification. MATERIALS AND METHODS After 2 weeks of 5/6 nephrectomy, CKD rats received a special diet (4 % calcium and 1.8 % phosphate) combined with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to induce vascular calcification. Meanwhile, CKD rats in the LGG group were gavaged orally with LGG (1 × 109 CFU bacteria/day). 16S RNA amplicon sequencing was performed to analyze the effect of LGG treatment on gut microbiota composition. Furthermore, differential ultracentrifugation was utilized to extract EVs. The effects of EVs on vascular calcification were evaluated in rat VSMCs, rat aortic rings, and CKD rat calcification models. In this study, vascular calcification was assessed by microcomputed tomography analysis, alizarin red staining, calcium content determination, and the expression of osteogenic transcription factors RUNX2 and BMP2. KEY FINDINGS LGG remarkably aggravated vascular calcification. LGG supplementation significantly altered gut microbiota composition in CKD rats, particularly increasing Lactobacillus. Interestingly, EVs presented a significant promoting effect on the development of calcification. Finally, mechanistic analysis proved that EVs aggravated vascular calcification through PI3K/AKT signaling. SIGNIFICANCE These results do not support the supplementation of LGG in CKD-associated vascular calcification patients. Our study presented a fresh perspective on LGG with potential risks and adverse effects. CKD patients should use specific probiotic strains cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Wei
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Zehua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Fan
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Liyun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinglong Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, Liuzhou, PR China
| | - Weirun Li
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Ning
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China.
| | - Caiwen Ou
- The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Dongguan 523018, PR China.
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Antony MA, Chowdhury A, Edem D, Raj R, Nain P, Joglekar M, Verma V, Kant R. Gut microbiome supplementation as therapy for metabolic syndrome. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1502-1513. [PMID: 37970133 PMCID: PMC10642415 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is defined as an ecological community of commensal symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms that exist in our body. Gut microbiome dysbiosis is a condition of dysregulated and disrupted intestinal bacterial homeostasis, and recent evidence has shown that dysbiosis is related to chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and obesity. It is well known that obesity, T2DM and CVD are caused or worsened by multiple factors like genetic predisposition, environmental factors, unhealthy high calorie diets, and sedentary lifestyle. However, recent evidence from human and mouse models suggest that the gut microbiome is also an active player in the modulation of metabolic syndrome, a set of risk factors including obesity, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia that increase the risk for CVD, T2DM, and other diseases. Current research aims to identify treatments to increase the number of beneficial microbiota in the gut microbiome in order to modulate metabolic syndrome by reducing chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. There is increasing interest in supplements, classified as prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, or postbiotics, and their effect on the gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome. In this review article, we have summarized current research on these supplements that are available to improve the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota and to reduce the harmful ones in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mc Anto Antony
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed Campus, Anderson, SC 29621, United States
| | - Aniqa Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed Campus, Anderson, SC 29621, United States
| | - Dinesh Edem
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AK 72205, United States
| | - Rishi Raj
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Pikeville Medical Center, Pikeville, KY 41501, United States
| | - Priyanshu Nain
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Mansi Joglekar
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed Campus, Anderson, SC 29621, United States
| | - Vipin Verma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed Campus, Anderson, SC 29621, United States
| | - Ravi Kant
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical University of South Carolina/AnMed Campus, Anderson, SC 29621, United States
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189
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Ye W, Dong B, Li G, Zhang Y. The effect of probiotics on surgical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Surg 2023; 10:1254597. [PMID: 37901305 PMCID: PMC10611462 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1254597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of probiotics on postoperative infectious complications and nutritional status in patients with gastric cancer is still controversial, and a comprehensive search and analysis of the current relevant evidence is necessary. Our study aimed to define the effects of probiotics on surgical outcomes in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery. Up to June 20, 2023, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of probiotics in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery. Relative risk (RR) or mean difference (MD) was used to calculate the effect sizes using RevMan 5.3. A total of nine studies reporting on 861 participants were included. Perioperative supplementation with probiotics did not improve weight loss (MD 0.73 kg; 95% CI: -0.56, 2.02) or serum prealbumin levels (MD 9.48 mg/L 95% CI: -3.43, 22.40), but did reduce the incidence of postoperative infectious complications (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.28, 0.77), shorten the time to first exhaust (MD -11.27 h; 95% CI: -16.83, -5.70), the time to first defecation (MD -15.71 h; 95% CI: -25.62, -5.79), and the length of hospital stay (MD -0.94 days; 95% CI: -1.33, -0.55), and increase serum albumin levels (MD 0.73 g/L; 95% CI: 0.01, 1.46) in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery. Probiotics are effective in preventing postoperative infectious complications, promoting postoperative recovery, and improving nutritional status in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery. Our study highlights the importance of probiotics for healthcare systems and offers a potential strategy to improve the prognosis and reduce the medical burden of gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuqiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, People’s Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
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190
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Godur DA, Denton AJ, Eshraghi N, Mittal J, Cooper J, Moosa M, Mittal R. Modulation of Gut Microbiome as a Therapeutic Modality for Auditory Disorders. Audiol Res 2023; 13:741-752. [PMID: 37887847 PMCID: PMC10603848 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres13050066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been shown to play a pivotal role in health and disease. Recently, there has been increased interest within the auditory community to explore the role of the gut microbiome in the auditory system and its implications for hearing disorders such as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), otitis media, and tinnitus. Studies have suggested that modulating the gut microbiome using probiotics as well as with diets high in monounsaturated and omega-3 fatty acids is associated with a reduction in inflammation prevalence in auditory disorders. This review aims to evaluate the current literature on modulation of the gut microbiome and its effects on otological conditions. The probiotic conversion of nondigestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids has been shown to provide benefits for improving hearing by maintaining an adequate vascular supply. For acute and secretory otitis media, studies have shown that a combination therapy of probiotics with a decreased dose of antibiotics yields better clinical outcomes than aggressive antibiotic treatment alone. Gut microbiome modulation also alters neurotransmitter levels and reduces neuroinflammation, which may provide benefits for tinnitus by preventing increased neuronal activity. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics, natural health products, and micronutrients on auditory disorders, paving the way to develop novel interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri A. Godur
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Alexa J. Denton
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Nicolas Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Jaimee Cooper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Moeed Moosa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (D.A.G.); (A.J.D.); (N.E.); (J.M.); (J.C.); (M.M.)
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191
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Yang J, Meng L, Li Y, Huang H. Strategies for applying probiotics in the antibiotic management of Clostridioides difficile infection. Food Funct 2023; 14:8711-8733. [PMID: 37725066 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02110f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The vital role of probiotics in the food field has been widely recognized, and at the same time, probiotics are gradually exhibiting surprising effects in the field of nutraceuticals, especially in regulating gut inflammation and the nutritional environment. As a dietary supplement in clinical nutrition, the coadministration of probiotics with antibiotics model has been applied to prevent intestinal infections caused by Clostridioides difficile. However, the mechanism behind this "bacteria-drug combination" model remains unclear. In particular, the selection of specific probiotic strains, the order of probiotics or antibiotics, and the time interval of coadministration are key issues that need to be further explored and clarified. Here, we focus on the issues mentioned above and give reasonable opinions, mainly including: (1) probiotics are safer and more effective when they intervene after antibiotics have been used; (2) the choice of the time interval between coadministration should be based on the metabolism of antibiotics in the host, differences in probiotic strains, the baseline ecological environment of the host's intestine, and the host immune level; in addition, the selection of the coadministration regime should also take into account factors such as the antibiotic sensitivity of probiotics and dosage of probiotics; and (3) by encapsulating probiotics, combining probiotics with prebiotics, and developing next-generation probiotics (NGPs) and postbiotic formulations, we can provide a more reasonable reference for this type of "bacteria-drug combination" model, and also provide targeted guidance for the application of probiotic dietary supplements in the antibiotic management of C. difficile infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingpeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lingtong Meng
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China.
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192
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Dehghani F, Abdollahi S, Shidfar F, Clark CCT, Soltani S. Probiotics supplementation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:942-952. [PMID: 35996352 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2110664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS An emerging body of evidence has demonstrated the beneficial effects of probiotics on various mental health conditions. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we sought to examine the effects of probiotics supplementation on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in adults. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched, from database inception to April 2021, for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We pooled mean differences and standard deviations from RCTs using random-effect models. RESULTS Overall, meta-analysis of 11 trials (n = 648 participants) showed no significant changes in serum level of BDNF following probiotics. However, subgroup analysis revealed that probiotics increased BDNF levels in individuals suffering from neurological disorders (n = 214 participants; WMD = 3.08 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.83, 4.34; P = 0.001; I2 = 7.5%; P-heterogeneity 0.34), or depression (n = 268 participants; WMD = 0.77 ng/mL, 95% CI: 0.07, 1.47; P = 0.032; I2 = 88.4%; P-heterogeneity < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant increase in BDNF levels was found in studies that administered the mixture of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera, and were conducted in Asia . CONCLUSION Our main findings suggest that probiotics may be effective in elevating BDNF levels in patients with depression and neurological disorders, and a mixed of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium appear to show greater efficacy than the single genus supplement. The low quality of evidence reduces clinical advocacy, and indicates that more large-scale, high-quality, RCTs are needed to facilitate reliable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Dehghani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shima Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of nutrition, School of public health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Teharn, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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193
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Şahin TÖ, Yılmaz B, Yeşilyurt N, Cicia D, Szymanowska A, Amero P, Ağagündüz D, Capasso R. Recent insights into the nutritional immunomodulation of cancer-related microRNAs. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4375-4397. [PMID: 37434291 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the most common cause of death worldwide, following cardiovascular diseases. Cancer is a multifactorial disease and many reasons such as physical, chemical, biological, and lifestyle-related factors. Nutrition, which is one of the various factors that play a role in the prevention, development, and treatment of many types of cancer, affects the immune system, which is characterized by disproportionate pro-inflammatory signaling in cancer. Studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of this effect have shown that foods rich in bioactive compounds, such as green tea, olive oil, turmeric, and soybean play a significant role in positively changing the expression of miRNAs involved in the regulation of genes associated with oncogenic/tumor-suppressing pathways. In addition to these foods, some diet models may change the expression of specific cancer-related miRNAs in different ways. While Mediterranean diet has been associated with anticancer effects, a high-fat diet, and a methyl-restricted diet are considered to have negative effects. This review aims to discuss the effects of specific foods called "immune foods," diet models, and bioactive components on cancer by changing the expression of miRNAs in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Birsen Yılmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Donatella Cicia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Szymanowska
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Amero
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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194
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Young GR, Nelson A, Stewart CJ, Smith DL. Bacteriophage communities are a reservoir of unexplored microbial diversity in neonatal health and disease. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 75:102379. [PMID: 37647765 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Acquisition and development of the gut microbiome are vital for immune education in neonates, especially those born preterm. As such, microbial communities have been extensively studied in the context of postnatal health and disease. Bacterial communities have been the focus of research in this area due to the relative ease of targeted bacterial sequencing and the availability of databases to align and validate sequencing data. Recent increases in high-throughput metagenomic sequencing accessibility have facilitated research to investigate bacteriophages within the context of neonatal gut microbial communities. Focusing on unexplored viral diversity, has identified novel bacteriophage species and previously uncharacterised viral diversity. In doing so, studies have highlighted links between bacteriophages and bacterial community structure in the context of health and disease. However, much remains unknown about the complex relationships between bacteriophages, the bacteria they infect and their human host. With a particular focus on preterm infants, this review highlights opportunities to explore the influence of bacteriophages on developing microbial communities and the tripartite relationships between bacteriophages, bacteria and the neonatal human host. We suggest a focus on expanding collections of isolated bacteriophages that will further our understanding of the growing numbers of bacteriophages identified in metagenomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Young
- Applied Sciences, Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Andrew Nelson
- Applied Sciences, Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | | | - Darren L Smith
- Applied Sciences, Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK.
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195
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Wang J, Tan S, Gianotti L, Wu G. Evaluation and management of body composition changes in cancer patients. Nutrition 2023; 114:112132. [PMID: 37441827 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Wasting in cancer patients has long been recognized as a condition that adversely affects cancer patients' quality of life, treatment tolerance, and oncological outcomes. Historically, this condition was mainly evaluated by changes in body weight. However, this approach is not quite accurate because body weight is the overall change of all body compartments. Conditions such as edema and ascites can mask the severity of muscle and adipose tissue depletion. Changes in body composition assessment in cancer patients have historically been underappreciated because of the limited availability of measurement tools. As more evidence highlighting the importance of body composition has emerged, it is imperative to apply a more precise evaluation of nutritional status and a more targeted approach to provide nutritional support for cancer patients. In this review, we will discuss the modalities for evaluating body composition and how to manage body composition changes in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanjun Tan
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luca Gianotti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, and HBP Surgery Unit, and Foundation IRCCS San Gerardo, Monza, Italy.
| | - Guohao Wu
- Department of General Surgery/Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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196
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Chen H, Wang C, Bai J, Song J, Bu L, Liang M, Suo H. Targeting microbiota to alleviate the harm caused by sleep deprivation. Microbiol Res 2023; 275:127467. [PMID: 37549451 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation has become a common health hazard, affecting 37-58% of the population and promoting the occurrence and development of many diseases. To date, effective treatment strategies are still elusive. Accumulating evidence indicates that modulating the intestinal microbiota harbors significant potential for alleviating the deleterious impacts of sleep deprivation. This paper first reviews the effects of sleep deprivation on gastrointestinal diseases, metabolic diseases, and neuropsychiatric diseases, discussing its specific mechanisms of influence. We then focus on summarizing existing interventions, including probiotics, melatonin, prebiotics, diet, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Finally, we have discussed the advantages and limitations of each strategy. Compared with other strategies, probiotics showed a high potential in alleviating sleep deprivation-related hazards due to their reduced risk and high security. We suggest that future research should focus on the specific mechanisms by which probiotics mitigate the harms of sleep deprivation, such insights may unveil novel pathways for treating diseases exacerbated by insufficient sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Food Industry Innovation Research Institute of Modern Sichuan Cuisine & Chongqing Flavor, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junying Bai
- Citrus Research Institute, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Food Industry Innovation Research Institute of Modern Sichuan Cuisine & Chongqing Flavor, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Linli Bu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ming Liang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Food Industry Innovation Research Institute of Modern Sichuan Cuisine & Chongqing Flavor, Chongqing 400715, China.
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197
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Liu L, Helal SE, Peng N. CRISPR-Cas-Based Engineering of Probiotics. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2023; 5:0017. [PMID: 37849462 PMCID: PMC10541000 DOI: 10.34133/bdr.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are the treasure of the microbiology fields. They have been widely used in the food industry, clinical treatment, and other fields. The equivocal health-promoting effects and the unknown action mechanism were the largest obstacles for further probiotic's developed applications. In recent years, various genome editing techniques have been developed and applied to explore the mechanisms and functional modifications of probiotics. As important genome editing tools, CRISPR-Cas systems that have opened new improvements in genome editing dedicated to probiotics. The high efficiency, flexibility, and specificity are the advantages of using CRISPR-Cas systems. Here, we summarize the classification and distribution of CRISPR-Cas systems in probiotics, as well as the editing tools developed on the basis of them. Then, we discuss the genome editing of probiotics based on CRISPR-Cas systems and the applications of the engineered probiotics through CRISPR-Cas systems. Finally, we proposed a design route for CRISPR systems that related to the genetically engineered probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Shimaa Elsayed Helal
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Nan Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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198
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van der Slikke EC, Beumeler LFE, Holmqvist M, Linder A, Mankowski RT, Bouma HR. Understanding Post-Sepsis Syndrome: How Can Clinicians Help? Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6493-6511. [PMID: 37795206 PMCID: PMC10546999 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s390947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a global health challenge, with over 49 million cases annually. Recent medical advancements have increased in-hospital survival rates to approximately 80%, but the escalating incidence of sepsis, owing to an ageing population, rise in chronic diseases, and antibiotic resistance, have also increased the number of sepsis survivors. Subsequently, there is a growing prevalence of "post-sepsis syndrome" (PSS). This syndrome includes long-term physical, medical, cognitive, and psychological issues after recovering from sepsis. PSS puts survivors at risk for hospital readmission and is associated with a reduction in health- and life span, both at short and long term, after hospital discharge. Comprehensive understanding of PSS symptoms and causative factors is vital for developing optimal care for sepsis survivors, a task of prime importance for clinicians. This review aims to elucidate our current knowledge of PSS and its relevance in enhancing post-sepsis care provided by clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth C van der Slikke
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Lise F E Beumeler
- Department of Intensive Care, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, 8934AD, the Netherlands
- Department of Sustainable Health, Campus Fryslân, University of Groningen, Groningen, 8911 CE, the Netherlands
| | - Madlene Holmqvist
- Department of Infection Medicine, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Adam Linder
- Department of Infection Medicine, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, 221 84, Sweden
| | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Hjalmar R Bouma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, the Netherlands
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199
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Feng S, Liu Y, Xu J, Fan J, Li J, Wu Z, Sun Y, Xiong W. Three Strains of Lactobacillus Derived from Piglets Alleviated Intestinal Oxidative Stress Induced by Diquat through Extracellular Vesicles. Nutrients 2023; 15:4198. [PMID: 37836484 PMCID: PMC10574712 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies found that Poria cocos polysaccharides (PCPs) significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity in piglet intestines while increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus. However, the relationship between Lactobacillus and antioxidant activity has yet to be verified, and the mode of action needs further investigation. Six Lactobacillus strains isolated from the intestines of neonatal piglets fed with PCPs were studied to investigate the relationship between Lactobacillus and intestinal oxidative stress. The results showed that three of them alleviated intestinal oxidative stress and protected the intestinal barrier. Subsequently, we extracted the extracellular vesicles (EVs) of these three Lactobacillus strains to verify their intestinal protection mode of action. We found that these EVs exerted an excellent antioxidant effect and intestinal barrier protection and could directly improve intestinal microbial composition. Our findings suggested that the EVs of the three Lactobacillus strains could enhance antioxidant activity by improving the physical intestinal barrier and remodeling gut microbiota. Unlike probiotics, which should be pre-colonized, EVs can act directly on the intestines. This study provides new ideas for the subsequent development of products to protect intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wen Xiong
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.F.); (Y.L.); (J.X.); (J.F.); (J.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
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200
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Wei Y, Peng J, Wang S, Ding Z, Chen G, Sun J. Probiotics and the Potential of Genetic Modification as a Possible Treatment for Food Allergy. Nutrients 2023; 15:4159. [PMID: 37836443 PMCID: PMC10574749 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is caused by an abnormal immune response to harmless food antigens, which is influenced by genetics and environmental factors. Modulating the gut microbiota and immune system with probiotics or genetically modified probiotics confers health benefits to the host and offers a novel strategy for preventing and treating food allergy. This systematic review aims to summarize the current proof of the role of probiotics in food allergy and propose a promising future research direction of using probiotics as a possible strategy of treatment for food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jing Peng
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zheng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guixi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiazeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100190, China
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