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Finkel AM. A Healthy Public Cannot Abide Unhealthy And Unsafe Workplaces. Am J Public Health 2018; 108:312-313. [DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.304282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Finkel
- Adam M. Finkel is with the University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, and the University of Pennsylvania Law School, Philadelphia
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152
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Malta DC, Stopa SR, Silva MMAD, Szwarcwald CL, Franco MDS, Santos FV, Machado EL, Gómez CM. Self-reported occupational accidents among Brazil's adult population based on data from the 2013 National Health Survey. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 22:169-178. [PMID: 28076540 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232017221.17862015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: to provide an overview of occupational accidents among Brazil's adult population. Methods: descriptive study using data from the 2013 National Health Survey. Results: A total of 4.9 million workers mentioned having suffered some kind of work-related accident, which is equivalent to 3.4% (CI95% 4.6-5.6) of Brazil's adult population. Prevalence rates were higher among men, young adults aged between 18 and 39 years, and black people and in the North Region of the country. Prevalence was highest in the State of Para and lowest in the State of Rio de Janeiro State. Around one third of all accidents were commuting accidents, 50.4% (CI95% 45.3-55.5) of people who had suffered an occupational accident were prevented from carrying out some kind of routine activity due to the accident, 8.8% (CI95% 6.4-11.2) were hospitalized and 19% (CI95% 15.3-22.7) had sequelae resulting from occupational accidents. Conclusion: the data provided by the National Health Survey comprises an unprecedented and invaluable source of information on these issues in Brazil. The results of the survey confirm that occupational accidents are underreported, since official figures do not cover individuals working in the informal sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Alfredo Balena 190, Santa Efigênia. 30130-100 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - Sheila Rizzato Stopa
- Departamento de Epidemiologia. Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo SP Brasil
| | | | - Célia Landmann Szwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
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153
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Abstract
In 2015, approximately 244 million people were transnational migrants, approximately half of whom were workers, often engaged in jobs that are hazardous to their health. They work for less pay, for longer hours, and in worse conditions than do nonmigrants and are often subject to human rights violations, abuse, human trafficking, and violence. Worldwide, immigrant workers have higher rates of adverse occupational exposures and working conditions, which lead to poor health outcomes, workplace injuries, and occupational fatalities. Health disparities of immigrant workers are related to environmental and occupational exposures and are a result of language/cultural barriers, access to health care, documentation status, and the political climate of the host country. Recommendations on global and local scales are offered as potential solutions to improving the health of immigrant workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally C Moyce
- School of Nursing, Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, California 94609, USA;
| | - Marc Schenker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA;
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154
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Hirsch Allen AJ, Koehoorn M, Park JE, Ayas NT. Risk of occupational injury in patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CRITICAL CARE AND SLEEP MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24745332.2017.1391056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Hirsch Allen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mieke Koehoorn
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julie E. Park
- Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Najib T. Ayas
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Sleep Disorders Program, University Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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155
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Galdino A, Santana VS, Ferrite S. Quality of the record of data on fatal workplace injuries in Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2017; 51:120. [PMID: 29236875 PMCID: PMC5718107 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of the data on fatal workplace injuries in Brazil, in the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the Information System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN-AT), analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution between 2007 and 2012. METHODS We identified fields related to fatal workplace injuries, which were examined for completeness and the use of the "ignored" option. From the SIM, we extracted the records of deaths from external causes, which require the completing of the <acidtrab> field about their relation with work. From the SINAN, we analyzed the <evolution> field, which allows us to identify fatal cases among s severe workplace injuries. RESULTS In the SIM, from 469,121 records, the <acidtrab> field was left unfilled or filled as ignored in 84.2% of them; the Brazilian region with the highest proportion was the Northeast (79.1%), from which the state of Alagoas (94.4%) had the highest amount. There was a 5.5% decreasing trend between 2007 (86.6%) and 2012 (81.8%). Among the 251,681 records found in the SINAN-AT, 28.3% had unfilled or ignored responses for <evolution>, varying from 39.7% in 2007 to 23.2% in 2012, a 41.6% decrease. CONCLUSIONS The quality of the records on the fields of interest needed to identify fatal workplace injuries is poor in the SIM, but gradually improving. Recording quality was better for SINAN-AT, which has also been strongly getting better lately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Galdino
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia. Departamento de Saúde II. Jequié, BA, Brasil
| | - Vilma Sousa Santana
- Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva. Programa Integrado de Pesquisa e Cooperação Técnica em Saúde Ambiental e do Trabalhador. Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Silvia Ferrite
- Universidade Federal da Bahia. Departamento de Fonoaudiologia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Programa Integrado de Pesquisa e Cooperação Técnica em Saúde Ambiental e do Trabalhador. Salvador, BA, Brasil
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156
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Buys NJ, Selander J, Sun J. Employee experience of workplace supervisor contact and support during long-term sickness absence. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 41:808-814. [PMID: 29212387 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1410584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Workplace support is an important factor in promoting successful return to work. The purpose of this article is to examine relationships between supervisor contact, perceived workplace support and demographic variables among employees on long-term sickness absence. MATERIALS AND METHOD Data were collected from 204 public employees at a municipality in Sweden who had been on long term sickness absence (60 days or more) using a 23 question survey instrument that collected information on demographic variables, supervisor contact and perceived workplace support. RESULTS Most injured employees (97%) reported having contact with their supervisors during their sickness absence, with a majority (56%) reporting high levels of support, including early (58.6%) and multiple (70.7%) contacts. Most were pleased with amount of contact (68.9%) and the majority had discussed workplace accommodations (68.1%). Employees who self-initiated contact, felt the amount of contact was appropriate, had a personal meeting with their supervisors and discussed workplace adjustments reported experiencing higher levels of support from supervisors. CONCLUSIONS Employees on long-term sickness absence appreciate contact from their supervisors and this is associated with perceived workplace support. However, the amount and employee experience of this contact is important. It needs to be perceived by employees as supportive, which includes a focus on strategies (e.g., work adjustment) to facilitate a return to work. Supervisor training is required in this area to support the return to work process. Implications for Rehabilitation Contact and support from workplace supervisors is important to workers on long-term sickness absence. Employees appreciate frequent contact from supervisors during long-terms sickness absence. Employees appreciate a personal meeting with supervisors and the opportunity to discuss issues related to return to work such as work adjustment. Employers should provide training to supervisors on how to communicate and assist employees on long-term sickness absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Buys
- a Menzies Health Institute of Queensland , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia
| | - John Selander
- b Department of Health Sciences , Mid Sweden University , Ostersund , Sweden
| | - Jing Sun
- a Menzies Health Institute of Queensland , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia
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Schulte PA, Cunningham TR, Nickels L, Felknor S, Guerin R, Blosser F, Chang CC, Check P, Eggerth D, Flynn M, Forrester C, Hard D, Hudson H, Lincoln J, McKernan LT, Pratap P, Stephenson CM, Van Bogaert D, Menger-Ogle L. Translation research in occupational safety and health: A proposed framework. Am J Ind Med 2017; 60:1011-1022. [PMID: 28990211 PMCID: PMC5771485 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Translation research in occupational safety and health is the application of scientific investigative approaches to study how the outputs of basic and applied research can be effectively translated into practice and have an impact. This includes the study of the ways in which useful knowledge and interventions are disseminated, adopted, implemented, and institutionalized. In this paper, a 4-stage framework (Development, Testing, Institutionalization, and Evaluation) is presented. Translation research can be used to enhance the use and impact of occupational safety and health knowledge and interventions to protect workers. This type of research has not received much attention in the occupational safety and health field. However, in contemporary society, it is critical to know how to make an impact with the findings and outputs of basic and applied research. This paper provides a novel framework for consideration of how to advance and prioritize translation research for occupational safety and health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fred Blosser
- NIOSH Washington, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | - Pietra Check
- NIOSH Washington, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | | | | | - David Hard
- NIOSH Morgantown, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Kool B, Ameratunga S, Scott N, Lawrenson R, Christey G. The epidemiology of work-related injury admissions to hospitals in the Midland region of New Zealand. Injury 2017; 48:2478-2484. [PMID: 28964510 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients with work-related injuries (WRI) admitted to hospitals in New Zealand's Midland Trauma System (MTS) during a four year period. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of trauma registry records for adults (≥15years) admitted to four hospitals in the MTS as a result of WRI between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2015. We describe the patterns of injury incidence by demographic characteristics, employment industry, mechanism of injury, body regions injured, injury severity score (ISS), month, day and time of injury, duration of hospital stay, domicile District Health Board (DHB), and discharge destination. RESULTS The 2169 WRI trauma admissions, corresponded to an annualised rate of 205.8 per 100,000 workers or 234.3 per 100,000 full time employment employees (FTE). Injury rates were highest among males (238.0 per 100,000 workers) and those aged 15-24 years (227.1 per 100,000 workers), and lowest among Asians (83 per 100,000 workers). The highest injury rates occurred among the 'agriculture/forestry/fishing', 'manufacturing', and 'transport/postal/warehousing' industries. 'Contact with machinery' was the most common mechanism of injury, and the 'extremities or pelvic girdle' the most common body region injured. The in-hospital case fatality rate was <0.5%. CONCLUSION The predominance of WRI in the 'agriculture/forestry/fishing' industries in the Midland region is consistent with national estimates. The high rate of injuries amongst males, young adults, and Māori requires further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Kool
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Shanthi Ameratunga
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nina Scott
- Waikato District Health Board, New Zealand
| | - Ross Lawrenson
- National Institute of Demography and Economic Analysis, University of Waikato, New Zealand
| | - Grant Christey
- Midland Trauma System, Waikato District Health Board, New Zealand
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159
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Abstract
In this collection review, Cathy Zimmerman and colleague introduce the PLOS Medicine Collection on Human Trafficking, Exploitation and Health, laying out the magnitude of the global trafficking problem and offering a public health policy framework to guide responses to trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Zimmerman
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdon
- * E-mail:
| | - Ligia Kiss
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdon
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160
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Gakidou E, Afshin A, Abajobir AA, Abate KH, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abd-Allah F, Abdulle AM, Abera SF, Aboyans V, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Abyu GY, Adedeji IA, Adetokunboh O, Afarideh M, Agrawal A, Agrawal S, Ahmadieh H, Ahmed MB, Aichour MTE, Aichour AN, Aichour I, Akinyemi RO, Akseer N, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Alam T, Alasfoor D, Alene KA, Ali K, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Alkerwi A, Alla F, Allebeck P, Al-Raddadi R, Alsharif U, Altirkawi KA, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare AT, Amini E, Ammar W, Amoako YA, Ansari H, Antó JM, Antonio CAT, Anwari P, Arian N, Ärnlöv J, Artaman A, Aryal KK, Asayesh H, Asgedom SW, Atey TM, Avila-Burgos L, Avokpaho EFGA, Awasthi A, Azzopardi P, Bacha U, Badawi A, Balakrishnan K, Ballew SH, Barac A, Barber RM, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen T, Barquera S, Barregard L, Barrero LH, Batis C, Battle KE, Baumgarner BR, Baune BT, Beardsley J, Bedi N, Beghi E, Bell ML, Bennett DA, Bennett JR, Bensenor IM, Berhane A, Berhe DF, Bernabé E, Betsu BD, Beuran M, Beyene AS, Bhansali A, Bhutta ZA, Bicer BK, Bikbov B, Birungi C, Biryukov S, Blosser CD, Boneya DJ, Bou-Orm IR, Brauer M, Breitborde NJK, Brenner H, Brugha TS, Bulto LNB, Butt ZA, Cahuana-Hurtado L, Cárdenas R, Carrero JJ, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Catalá-López F, Cercy K, Chang HY, Charlson FJ, Chimed-Ochir O, Chisumpa VH, Chitheer AA, Christensen H, Christopher DJ, Cirillo M, Cohen AJ, Comfort H, Cooper C, Coresh J, Cornaby L, Cortesi PA, Criqui MH, Crump JA, Dandona L, Dandona R, das Neves J, Davey G, Davitoiu DV, Davletov K, de Courten B, Defo BK, Degenhardt L, Deiparine S, Dellavalle RP, Deribe K, Deshpande A, Dharmaratne SD, Ding EL, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Dokova K, Doku DT, Donkelaar AV, Dorsey ER, Driscoll TR, Dubey M, Duncan BB, Duncan S, Ebrahimi H, El-Khatib ZZ, Enayati A, Endries AY, Ermakov SP, Erskine HE, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esteghamati A, Estep K, Faraon EJA, Farinha CSES, Faro A, Farzadfar F, Fay K, Feigin VL, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes JC, Ferrari AJ, Feyissa TR, Filip I, Fischer F, Fitzmaurice C, Flaxman AD, Foigt N, Foreman KJ, Frostad JJ, Fullman N, Fürst T, Furtado JM, Ganji M, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Gebrehiwot TT, Geleijnse JM, Geleto A, Gemechu BL, Gesesew HA, Gething PW, Ghajar A, Gibney KB, Gill PS, Gillum RF, Giref AZ, Gishu MD, Giussani G, Godwin WW, Gona PN, Goodridge A, Gopalani SV, Goryakin Y, Goulart AC, Graetz N, Gugnani HC, Guo J, Gupta R, Gupta T, Gupta V, Gutiérrez RA, Hachinski V, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hailu GB, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Hammami M, Handal AJ, Hankey GJ, Hanson SW, Harb HL, Hareri HA, Hassanvand MS, Havmoeller R, Hawley C, Hay SI, Hedayati MT, Hendrie D, Heredia-Pi IB, Hernandez JCM, Hoek HW, Horita N, Hosgood HD, Hostiuc S, Hoy DG, Hsairi M, Hu G, Huang JJ, Huang H, Ibrahim NM, Iburg KM, Ikeda C, Inoue M, Irvine CMS, Jackson MD, Jacobsen KH, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic MB, Jauregui A, Javanbakht M, Jeemon P, Johansson LRK, Johnson CO, Jonas JB, Jürisson M, Kabir Z, Kadel R, Kahsay A, Kamal R, Karch A, Karema CK, Kasaeian A, Kassebaum NJ, Kastor A, Katikireddi SV, Kawakami N, Keiyoro PN, Kelbore SG, Kemmer L, Kengne AP, Kesavachandran CN, Khader YS, Khalil IA, Khan EA, Khang YH, Khosravi A, Khubchandani J, Kiadaliri AA, Kieling C, Kim JY, Kim YJ, Kim D, Kimokoti RW, Kinfu Y, Kisa A, Kissimova-Skarbek KA, Kivimaki M, Knibbs LD, Knudsen AK, Kopec JA, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko M, Krohn KJ, Kromhout H, Kumar GA, Kutz M, Kyu HH, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lan Q, Lansingh VC, Larsson A, Lee PH, Lee A, Leigh J, Leung J, Levi M, Levy TS, Li Y, Li Y, Liang X, Liben ML, Linn S, Liu P, Lodha R, Logroscino G, Looker KJ, Lopez AD, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lozano R, Lunevicius R, Macarayan ERK, Magdy Abd El Razek H, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Majdan M, Majdzadeh R, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manguerra H, Mantovani LG, Mapoma CC, Martin RV, Martinez-Raga J, Martins-Melo FR, Mathur MR, Matsushita K, Matzopoulos R, Mazidi M, McAlinden C, McGrath JJ, Mehata S, Mehndiratta MM, Meier T, Melaku YA, Memiah P, Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Mengesha MM, Mensah GA, Mensink GBM, Mereta ST, Meretoja TJ, Meretoja A, Mezgebe HB, Micha R, Millear A, Miller TR, Minnig S, Mirarefin M, Mirrakhimov EM, Misganaw A, Mishra SR, Mohammad KA, Mohammed KE, Mohammed S, Mohan MBV, Mokdad AH, Monasta L, Montico M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moraga P, Morawska L, Morrison SD, Mountjoy-Venning C, Mueller UO, Mullany EC, Muller K, Murthy GVS, Musa KI, Naghavi M, Naheed A, Nangia V, Natarajan G, Negoi RI, Negoi I, Nguyen CT, Nguyen QL, Nguyen TH, Nguyen G, Nguyen M, Nichols E, Ningrum DNA, Nomura M, Nong VM, Norheim OF, Norrving B, Noubiap JJN, Obermeyer CM, Ogbo FA, Oh IH, Oladimeji O, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Olivares PR, Olsen HE, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Opio JN, Oren E, Ortiz A, Ota E, Owolabi MO, PA M, Pacella RE, Pana A, Panda BK, Panda-Jonas S, Pandian JD, Papachristou C, Park EK, Parry CD, Patten SB, Patton GC, Pereira DM, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Petzold M, Phillips MR, Pillay JD, Piradov MA, Pishgar F, Plass D, Pletcher MA, Polinder S, Popova S, Poulton RG, Pourmalek F, Prasad N, Purcell C, Qorbani M, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MHU, Rahman MA, Rahman M, Rai RK, Rajsic S, Ram U, Rawaf S, Rehm CD, Rehm J, Reiner RC, Reitsma MB, Remuzzi G, Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Reynales-Shigematsu LM, Rezaei S, Ribeiro AL, Rivera JA, Roba KT, Rojas-Rueda D, Roman Y, Room R, Roshandel G, Roth GA, Rothenbacher D, Rubagotti E, Rushton L, Sadat N, Safdarian M, Safi S, Safiri S, Sahathevan R, Salama J, Salomon JA, Samy AM, Sanabria JR, Sanchez-Niño MD, Sánchez-Pimienta TG, Santomauro D, Santos IS, Santric Milicevic MM, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Sawhney M, Saxena S, Schmidt MI, Schneider IJC, Schutte AE, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Seedat S, Sepanlou SG, Serdar B, Servan-Mori EE, Shaddick G, Shaheen A, Shahraz S, Shaikh MA, Shamsipour M, Shamsizadeh M, Shariful Islam SM, Sharma J, Sharma R, She J, Shen J, Shi P, Shibuya K, Shields C, Shiferaw MS, Shigematsu M, Shin MJ, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shishani K, Shoman H, Shrime MG, Sigfusdottir ID, Silva DAS, Silva JP, Silveira DGA, Singh JA, Singh V, Sinha DN, Skiadaresi E, Slepak EL, Smith DL, Smith M, Sobaih BHA, Sobngwi E, Soneji S, Sorensen RJD, Sposato LA, Sreeramareddy CT, Srinivasan V, Steel N, Stein DJ, Steiner C, Steinke S, Stokes MA, Strub B, Subart M, Sufiyan MB, Suliankatchi RA, Sur PJ, Swaminathan S, Sykes BL, Szoeke CEI, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tadakamadla SK, Takahashi K, Takala JS, Tandon N, Tanner M, Tarekegn YL, Tavakkoli M, Tegegne TK, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Terkawi AS, Tesssema B, Thakur JS, Thamsuwan O, Thankappan KR, Theis AM, Thomas ML, Thomson AJ, Thrift AG, Tillmann T, Tobe-Gai R, Tobollik M, Tollanes MC, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Torre A, Tortajada M, Touvier M, Tran BX, Truelsen T, Tuem KB, Tuzcu EM, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja KN, Uneke CJ, Updike R, Uthman OA, van Boven JFM, Varughese S, Vasankari T, Veerman LJ, Venkateswaran V, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov VV, Vollset SE, Vos T, Wadilo F, Wakayo T, Wallin MT, Wang YP, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub RG, Weiss DJ, Werdecker A, Westerman R, Whiteford HA, Wiysonge CS, Woldeyes BG, Wolfe CDA, Woodbrook R, Workicho A, Xavier D, Xu G, Yadgir S, Yakob B, Yan LL, Yaseri M, Yimam HH, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, Yotebieng M, Younis MZ, Zaidi Z, Zaki MES, Zavala-Arciniega L, Zhang X, Zimsen SRM, Zipkin B, Zodpey S, Lim SS, Murray CJL. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017; 390:1345-1422. [PMID: 28919119 PMCID: PMC5614451 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)32366-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1598] [Impact Index Per Article: 228.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. METHODS We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and exposure estimates from 22 717 randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources, according to the GBD 2016 source counting methods. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL), we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. Finally, we explored four drivers of trends in attributable burden: population growth, population ageing, trends in risk exposure, and all other factors combined. FINDINGS Since 1990, exposure increased significantly for 30 risks, did not change significantly for four risks, and decreased significantly for 31 risks. Among risks that are leading causes of burden of disease, child growth failure and household air pollution showed the most significant declines, while metabolic risks, such as body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose, showed significant increases. In 2016, at Level 3 of the hierarchy, the three leading risk factors in terms of attributable DALYs at the global level for men were smoking (124·1 million DALYs [95% UI 111·2 million to 137·0 million]), high systolic blood pressure (122·2 million DALYs [110·3 million to 133·3 million], and low birthweight and short gestation (83·0 million DALYs [78·3 million to 87·7 million]), and for women, were high systolic blood pressure (89·9 million DALYs [80·9 million to 98·2 million]), high body-mass index (64·8 million DALYs [44·4 million to 87·6 million]), and high fasting plasma glucose (63·8 million DALYs [53·2 million to 76·3 million]). In 2016 in 113 countries, the leading risk factor in terms of attributable DALYs was a metabolic risk factor. Smoking remained among the leading five risk factors for DALYs for 109 countries, while low birthweight and short gestation was the leading risk factor for DALYs in 38 countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In terms of important drivers of change in trends of burden attributable to risk factors, between 2006 and 2016 exposure to risks explains an 9·3% (6·9-11·6) decline in deaths and a 10·8% (8·3-13·1) decrease in DALYs at the global level, while population ageing accounts for 14·9% (12·7-17·5) of deaths and 6·2% (3·9-8·7) of DALYs, and population growth for 12·4% (10·1-14·9) of deaths and 12·4% (10·1-14·9) of DALYs. The largest contribution of trends in risk exposure to disease burden is seen between ages 1 year and 4 years, where a decline of 27·3% (24·9-29·7) of the change in DALYs between 2006 and 2016 can be attributed to declines in exposure to risks. INTERPRETATION Increasingly detailed understanding of the trends in risk exposure and the RRs for each risk-outcome pair provide insights into both the magnitude of health loss attributable to risks and how modification of risk exposure has contributed to health trends. Metabolic risks warrant particular policy attention, due to their large contribution to global disease burden, increasing trends, and variable patterns across countries at the same level of development. GBD 2016 findings show that, while it has huge potential to improve health, risk modification has played a relatively small part in the past decade. FUNDING The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Bloomberg Philanthropies.
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Iavicoli S. The new EU occupational safety and health strategic framework 2014-2020: objectives and challenges. Occup Med (Lond) 2017; 66:180-2. [PMID: 27016744 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqw010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers Compensation Authority (INAIL), Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078 Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Burden of occupational disease estimation contributes to understanding of both magnitude and relative importance of different occupational hazards and provides essential information for targeting risk reduction. This review summarises recent key findings and discusses their impact on occupational regulation and practice. RECENT FINDINGS New methods have been developed to estimate burden of occupational disease that take account of the latency of many chronic diseases and allow for exposure trends and workforce turnover. Results from these studies have shown in several countries and globally that, in spite of improvements in workplace technology, practices and exposures over the last decades, occupational hazards remain an important cause of ill health and mortality worldwide. Major data gaps have been identified particularly regarding exposure information. Reliable data on employment and disease are also lacking especially in developing countries. Burden of occupational disease estimates form an important part of decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley Rushton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
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163
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Ohajinwa CM, Van Bodegom PM, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg WJGM. Health Risks Awareness of Electronic Waste Workers in the Informal Sector in Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14080911. [PMID: 28805712 PMCID: PMC5580614 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Insight into the health risk awareness levels of e-waste workers is important as it may offer opportunities for better e-waste recycling management strategies to reduce the health effects of informal e-waste recycling. Therefore, this study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices associated with occupational health risk awareness of e-waste workers compared with a control group (butchers) in the informal sector in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was used to assess health risk awareness of 279 e-waste workers (repairers and dismantlers) and 221 butchers from the informal sector in three locations in Nigeria in 2015. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic backgrounds, occupational history, knowledge, attitude, and work practices. The data was analysed using Analysis of Variance. The three job designations had significantly different knowledge, attitude, and practice mean scores (p = 0.000), with butchers consistently having the highest mean scores. Only 43% of e-waste workers could mention one or more Personal Protective Equipment needed for their job compared with 70% of the butchers. The health risk awareness level of the e-waste workers was significantly lower compared with their counterparts in the same informal sector. A positive correlation existed between the workers’ knowledge and their attitude and practice. Therefore, increasing the workers’ knowledge may decrease risky practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimere M Ohajinwa
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter M Van Bodegom
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Center for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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Buys N, Wagner S, Randall C, Harder H, Geisen T, Yu I, Hassler B, Howe C, Fraess-Phillips A. Disability management and organizational culture in Australia and Canada. Work 2017; 57:409-419. [PMID: 28800348 DOI: 10.3233/wor-172568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organizational culture has received increasing attention in terms of its influence on workplace health and productivity, yet there has been little research on its relationship with employer-based disability programs. OBJECTIVE This study explored the relationship between disability management and organizational culture in Australian and Canadian organizations. METHODS Thematic analysis was conducted on data from semi-structured interviews with 16 employees, including injured workers, human resource managers and disability managers in two Australian and two Canadian large organizations. RESULTS Seven themes were identified: 1. Consistency between espoused beliefs and artifacts in organization; 2. Genuineness of interest in well-being of injured worker; 3. Level of ongoing support of worker following injury; 4. Communication with injured workers; 5. Level of support from supervisors and co-workers; 6. Promptness in claims processing and covering medical costs and; 7. Focus on wellness and injury prevention. It was found that organizational culture may impact the delivery and perceived value of employer-based disability management programs. CONCLUSIONS Given the potential relationship between organizational culture and disability management, employers should facilitate a positive workplace culture by ensuring consistency among underlying values, espoused values and actual treatment of employees, including injured workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Henry Harder
- University of Northern British Columbia, BC, Canada
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Choi SJ, Oh MY, Kim NR, Jung YJ, Ro YS, Shin SD. Comparison of trauma care systems in Asian countries: A systematic literature review. Emerg Med Australas 2017; 29:697-711. [PMID: 28782875 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to compare the trauma care systems in Asian countries. METHODS Asian countries were categorised into three groups; 'lower middle-income country', 'upper middle-income country' and 'high-income country'. The Medline/PubMed database was searched for articles published from January 2005 to December 2014 using relevant key words. Articles were excluded if they examined a specific injury mechanism, referred to a specific age group, and/or did not have full text available. We extracted information and variables on pre-hospital and hospital care factors, and regionalised system factors and compared them across countries. RESULTS A total of 46 articles were identified from 13 countries, including Pakistan, India, Vietnam and Indonesia from lower middle-income countries; the Islamic Republic of Iran, Thailand, China, Malaysia from upper middle-income countries; and Saudi Arabia, the Republic of Korea, Japan, Hong Kong and Singapore from high-income countries. Trauma patients were transported via various methods. In six of the 13 countries, less than 20% of trauma patients were transported by ambulance. Pre-hospital trauma teams primarily comprised emergency medical technicians and paramedics, except in Thailand and China, where they included mainly physicians. In Iran, Pakistan and Vietnam, the proportion of patients who died before reaching hospital exceeded 50%. In only three of the 13 countries was it reported that trauma surgeons were available. In only five of the 13 countries was there a nationwide trauma registry. CONCLUSION Trauma care systems were poorly developed and unorganised in most of the selected 13 Asian countries, with the exception of a few highly developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jin Choi
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Young Oh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Na Rae Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Joong Jung
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Ro
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Do Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Akpinar-Elci M, Nguyen M, Randall M, Bidaisee S, Elci O, Olayinka O, Guzman JR. Assessment of current occupational safety and health regulations and legislation in the Caribbean. REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA = PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2017. [PMID: 28614464 PMCID: PMC6660838 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2017.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neglecting occupational safety and health (OSH) can have adverse and even deadly consequences. While OSH is important in any nation, the issue is particularly concerning in developing countries, including ones in the Caribbean. The purpose of this study, which was carried out in 2012 and 2013, was to examine the reasons for an apparent fundamental lack of awareness of OSH in the Caribbean. We conducted a descriptive study, in which a questionnaire was administered, via telephone, to key policy-making representatives from six English-speaking Caribbean nations, in order to assess the current OSH environment in their countries. We also did a situational analysis of current OSH regulations and legislation within the six countries. We found that that some of the countries’ OSH laws are out of date or are limited to a certain type of industry. We also found that there is very little documentation on research on exposure to and risks from hazards and on psychological and reproductive health as related to OSH. It is recommended that these Caribbean countries both increase national OSH awareness and strengthen enforcement of OSH regulations. Additionally, further assistance and a more coordinated effort from intergovernmental bodies could help build and fortify OSH systems in the Caribbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Akpinar-Elci
- Old Dominion University, Center for Global Health, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - MyNgoc Nguyen
- Old Dominion University, Center for Global Health, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Marvin Randall
- St. George's University, Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
| | - Satesh Bidaisee
- St. George's University, Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
| | - Omur Elci
- St. George's University, Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada
| | - Olaniyi Olayinka
- Old Dominion University, Center for Global Health, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Julieta Rodriguez Guzman
- Pan American Health Organization, Special Program of Sustainable Development and Health Equity, Washington, D.C, United States of America
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Chung PH, Cheng Y. Prevalence of Self-Reported Work-Related Injuries and Their Association with Psychological Symptoms in General Working Population of Taiwan. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2017; 27:195-201. [PMID: 27137940 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-016-9645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the prevalence of self-reported work-related injuries across occupational groups and examined their association with the risk of psychological symptoms in general working population of Taiwan. Methods Data from a national survey conducted in 2013 of a representative sample of general working people of Taiwan was analyzed, consisting of 12,528 male and 8396 female workers aged 25~65 years. Information about work-related injuries including work-related disease occurred over the previous 12 months prior to the survey was obtained by a standardized questionnaire. The presence of psychological symptoms was assessed by the Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS). Also obtained were participants' socio-demographic characteristics, working hours, job control, psychological job demands, physical job demands and job insecurity. Results Over a year, 14.91 % of male and 11.53 % of female working people had experienced work-related injuries. Workers with lower educational level, manual workers, the self-employed as well as employers of small enterprise were at higher risks for work-related injuries. Findings from multivariate logistic regression analyses with adjustment of gender, age, working hours and psychosocial work conditions showed that employees with experiences of work-related injuries over the past year were at a substantially higher risk for psychological symptoms (OR = 2.42) as compared to employees who had no experiences of work-related injuries. Conclusion A sizable proportion of workers are affected by work-related injuries and these workers are at higher risk for psychological symptoms. The psychosocial consequences of work-related injuries deserve further investigation and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hua Chung
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 17 Xu-Zhou Road, 10055, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yawen Cheng
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 17 Xu-Zhou Road, 10055, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Davoodi S, Haghighi KS, Kalhori SRN, Hosseini NS, Mohammadzadeh Z, Safdari R. Occupational Disease Registries-Characteristics and Experiences. Acta Inform Med 2017; 25:136-140. [PMID: 28883681 PMCID: PMC5544442 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2017.25.136-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to growth of occupational diseases and also increase of public awareness about their consequences, attention to various aspects of diseases and improve occupational health and safety has found great importance. Therefore, there is the need for appropriate information management tools such as registries in order to recognitions of diseases patterns and then making decision about prevention, early detection and treatment of them. These registries have different characteristics in various countries according to their occupational health priorities. AIM Aim of this study is evaluate dimensions of occupational diseases registries including objectives, data sources, responsible institutions, minimum data set, classification systems and process of registration in different countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, the papers were searched using the MEDLINE (PubMed) Google scholar, Scopus, ProQuest and Google. The search was done based on keyword in English for all motor engines including "occupational disease", "work related disease", "surveillance", "reporting", "registration system" and "registry" combined with name of the countries including all subheadings. After categorizing search findings in tables, results were compared with each other. RESULTS Important aspects of the registries studied in ten countries including Finland, France, United Kingdom, Australia, Czech Republic, Malaysia, United States, Singapore, Russia and Turkey. The results show that surveyed countries have statistical, treatment and prevention objectives. Data sources in almost the rest of registries were physicians and employers. The minimum data sets in most of them consist of information about patient, disease, occupation and employer. Some of countries have special occupational related classification systems for themselves and some of them apply international classification systems such as ICD-10. Finally, the process of registration system was different in countries. CONCLUSION Because occupational diseases are often preventable, but not curable, it is necessary to all countries, to consider prevention and early detection of occupational diseases as the objectives of their registry systems. Also it is recommended that all countries reach an agreement about global characteristics of occupational disease registries. This enables country to compare their data at international levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Davoodi
- Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosro Sadeghniat Haghighi
- Occupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharareh Rostam Niakan Kalhori
- Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Mohammadzadeh
- Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Safdari
- Health Information Management Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rattray NJW, Charkoftaki G, Rattray Z, Hansen JE, Vasiliou V, Johnson CH. Environmental influences in the etiology of colorectal cancer: the premise of metabolomics. CURRENT PHARMACOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 3:114-125. [PMID: 28642837 PMCID: PMC5475285 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-017-0088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review we discuss how environmental exposures predominate the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC). With CRC being a personalized disease influenced by genes and environment, our goal was to explore the role metabolomics can play in identifying exposures, assessing the interplay between co-exposures, and the development of personalized therapeutic interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Approximately 10 % of CRC cases can be explained by germ-line mutations, whereas the prevailing majority are caused by an initiating exposure event occurring decades prior to diagnosis. Recent research has shown that dietary metabolites are linked to a procarcinogenic or protective environment in the colon which is modulated by the microbiome. In addition, excessive alcohol has been shown to increase the risk of CRC and is dependent on diet (folate), the response of microbiome, and genetic polymorphisms within the folate and alcohol metabolic pathways. Metabolomics can not only be used to identify this modulation of host metabolism, which could affect the progression of the tumors but also response to targeted therapeutics. SUMMARY This review highlights the current understanding of the multifaceted etiology and mechanisms of CRC development but also highlights where the field of metabolomics can contribute to a greater understanding of environmental exposure in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. W. Rattray
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Yale University, CT, USA 06520
| | - James E. Hansen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Yale University, CT, USA 06520
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 06520
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
| | - Caroline H. Johnson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA, 06520
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Schulte PA, Pana-Cryan R, Schnorr T, Schill AL, Guerin R, Felknor S, Wagner GR. An Approach to Assess the Burden of Work-Related Injury, Disease, and Distress. Am J Public Health 2017; 107:1051-1057. [PMID: 28520495 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.303765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The true burden (morbidity, mortality, disability, cost, pain, distress) of occupational and work-related diseases and injuries is unknown, and what is reported as burden is significantly underestimated. This underestimation affects the way decision-makers view investments in research and worker protection, which in turn has a substantial impact on national welfare and public health. To better describe the societal and individual burdens of occupational and work-related diseases and injuries, we propose an approach to gauge what is known about burden and where new assessments may be made. This approach consists of 4 elements to consider in burden assessments: (1) utilizing multiple domains, including the individual worker, the worker's family, the community in which the workplace is located, the employer, and society as a whole; (2) taking a broader view of the work-relatedness of disease and injury; (3) assessing the impact of the entire working-life continuum; and (4) applying the comprehensive concept of "well-being" as an indicator in addressing contemporary changes in the nature of work, the workplace, and the workforce. Further research on burden and enhanced surveillance is needed to develop these elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Schulte
- At the time of the study, the authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Paul A. Schulte, Teresa Schnorr, and Rebecca Guerin in Cincinnati, OH; Rene Pana-Cryan and Anita L. Schill in Washington, DC; Sarah Felknor in Atlanta, GA; and Gregory R. Wagner in Boston, MA
| | - Rene Pana-Cryan
- At the time of the study, the authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Paul A. Schulte, Teresa Schnorr, and Rebecca Guerin in Cincinnati, OH; Rene Pana-Cryan and Anita L. Schill in Washington, DC; Sarah Felknor in Atlanta, GA; and Gregory R. Wagner in Boston, MA
| | - Teresa Schnorr
- At the time of the study, the authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Paul A. Schulte, Teresa Schnorr, and Rebecca Guerin in Cincinnati, OH; Rene Pana-Cryan and Anita L. Schill in Washington, DC; Sarah Felknor in Atlanta, GA; and Gregory R. Wagner in Boston, MA
| | - Anita L Schill
- At the time of the study, the authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Paul A. Schulte, Teresa Schnorr, and Rebecca Guerin in Cincinnati, OH; Rene Pana-Cryan and Anita L. Schill in Washington, DC; Sarah Felknor in Atlanta, GA; and Gregory R. Wagner in Boston, MA
| | - Rebecca Guerin
- At the time of the study, the authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Paul A. Schulte, Teresa Schnorr, and Rebecca Guerin in Cincinnati, OH; Rene Pana-Cryan and Anita L. Schill in Washington, DC; Sarah Felknor in Atlanta, GA; and Gregory R. Wagner in Boston, MA
| | - Sarah Felknor
- At the time of the study, the authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Paul A. Schulte, Teresa Schnorr, and Rebecca Guerin in Cincinnati, OH; Rene Pana-Cryan and Anita L. Schill in Washington, DC; Sarah Felknor in Atlanta, GA; and Gregory R. Wagner in Boston, MA
| | - Gregory R Wagner
- At the time of the study, the authors were with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Paul A. Schulte, Teresa Schnorr, and Rebecca Guerin in Cincinnati, OH; Rene Pana-Cryan and Anita L. Schill in Washington, DC; Sarah Felknor in Atlanta, GA; and Gregory R. Wagner in Boston, MA
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Veglia A, Pahwa M, Demers PA. Establishing a Policy Framework for the Primary Prevention of Occupational Cancer: A Proposal Based on a Prospective Health Policy Analysis. Saf Health Work 2017; 8:29-35. [PMID: 28344838 PMCID: PMC5355532 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite our knowledge of the causes of cancer, millions of workers are involuntarily exposed to a wide range of known and suspected carcinogens in the workplace. To address this issue from a policy perspective, we developed a policy framework based on a prospective health policy analysis. Use of the framework was demonstrated for developing policies to prevent cancers associated with diesel engine exhaust (DEE), asbestos, and shift work, three occupational carcinogens with global reach and large cancer impact. METHODS An environmental scan of existing prospective health policy analyses was conducted to select and describe our framework parameters. These parameters were augmented by considerations unique to occupational cancer. Policy-related resources, predominantly from Canada, were used to demonstrate how the framework can be applied to cancers associated with DEE, asbestos, and shift work. RESULTS The parameters of the framework were: problem statement, context, jurisdictional evidence, primary prevention policy options, and key policy players and their attributes. Applying the framework to the three selected carcinogens illustrated multiple avenues for primary prevention, including establishing an occupational exposure limit for DEE, banning asbestos, and improving shift schedules. The framework emphasized the need for leadership by employers and government. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first proposal for a comprehensive policy framework dedicated to the primary prevention of occupational cancer. The framework can be adapted and applied by key policy players in Canada and other countries as a guide of what parameters to consider when developing policies to protect workers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Veglia
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manisha Pahwa
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul A. Demers
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- CAREX Canada, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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Wagner S, Buys N, Yu I, Geisen T, Harder H, Randall C, Fraess-Phillips A, Hassler B, Scott L, Lo K, Tang D, Howe C. International employee perspectives on disability management. Disabil Rehabil 2017. [PMID: 28637132 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1284907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide an international analysis of employees' views of the influence of disability management (DM) on the workplace. METHODOLOGY An international research team with representation from Australia, Canada, China, and Switzerland collected survey data from employees in public and private companies in their respective regions. Due to lack of availability of current measures, a research team-created survey was used and a total of 1201 respondents were collected across the four countries. ANALYSIS Multiple linear (enter) regression was also employed to predict DM's influence on job satisfaction, physical health, mental health, workplace morale and reduced sickness absence, from respondents' perceptions of whether their company provided disability prevention, stay-at-work, and return-to-work initiatives within their organization. One-way ANOVA comparisons were used to examine differences on demographic variables including company status (public versus private), union status (union versus nonunion), and gender. RESULTS The perceived influence of DM programs was related to perceptions of job satisfaction; whereas, relationships with mental health, physical health, morale, and sickness absence were variable according to type of DM program and whether the response was related to self or others. Difference analyses (ANOVA) revealed significantly more positive perceptions for private and nonunion organizations; no gender effects were found. CONCLUSIONS There is perceived value of DM from the perspective of employees, especially with respect to its value for coworkers. Implications for Rehabilitation Rehabilitation efforts should continue to focus attention on the value of disability management (DM). In particular, DM that is fully committed to the biopsychosocial model would be supported by this research. Employees reported the most value in the psychosocial variables addressed by DM, such that rehabilitation professionals could focus on these valued aspects to improve buy-in from employees. The interest in coworker value may provide another avenue for rehabilitation efforts to increase uptake, by highlighting the value of intervention efforts for employee coworkers. Rehabilitation professionals in union environments may need to be particularly cognizant of the need for encouraging psychosocial and coworker value potentially seen by employees in order to increase acceptance and participation for organizational DM efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Wagner
- a School of Health Sciences , University of Northern British Columbia , Prince George , BC , Canada
| | - Nicholas Buys
- b Griffith Health Centre, Griffith University , Gold Coast , QLD , Australia
| | - Ignatius Yu
- c Hong Kong Occupational & Environmental Health Academy , Tsimshatsui , Hong Kong
| | - Thomas Geisen
- d School of Social Work , University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland , Olten , Switzerland
| | - Henry Harder
- a School of Health Sciences , University of Northern British Columbia , Prince George , BC , Canada
| | - Christine Randall
- e School of Allied Health Sciences , Griffith University , Gold Coast , QLD , Australia
| | - Alex Fraess-Phillips
- a School of Health Sciences , University of Northern British Columbia , Prince George , BC , Canada
| | - Benedikt Hassler
- d School of Social Work , University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland , Olten , Switzerland
| | - Liz Scott
- f Organizational Solutions , Burlington , ON , Canada
| | - Karen Lo
- g Hong Kong Workers' Health Centre , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Dan Tang
- h The Guangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Centre , Guangzhou , China
| | - Caroline Howe
- b Griffith Health Centre, Griffith University , Gold Coast , QLD , Australia
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Merino-Salazar P, Artazcoz L, Cornelio C, Iñiguez MJI, Rojas M, Martínez-Iñigo D, Vives A, Funcasta L, Benavides FG. Work and health in Latin America: results from the working conditions surveys of Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Central America and Uruguay. Occup Environ Med 2017; 74:432-439. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Andersen LL, Persson R, Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E. Psychosocial effects of workplace physical exercise among workers with chronic pain: Randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5709. [PMID: 28072707 PMCID: PMC5228667 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While workplace physical exercise can help manage musculoskeletal disorders, less is known about psychosocial effects of such interventions. This aim of this study was to investigate the effect of workplace physical exercise on psychosocial factors among workers with chronic musculoskeletal pain.The trial design was a 2-armed parallel-group randomized controlled trial with allocation concealment. A total of 66 slaughterhouse workers (51 men and 15 women, mean age 45 years [standard deviation (SD) 10]) with upper limb chronic musculoskeletal pain were randomly allocated to group-based strength training (physical exercise group) or individual ergonomic training and education (reference group) for 10 weeks. Social climate was assessed with the General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work, and vitality and mental health were assessed with the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. All scales were converted to 0 to 100 (higher scores are better). Between-group differences from baseline to follow-up were determined using linear mixed models adjusted for workplace, age, gender, and baseline values of the outcome.Mean baseline scores of social climate, mental health, and vitality were 52.2 (SD 14.9), 79.5 (SD 13.7), and 53.9 (SD 19.7), respectively. Complete baseline and follow-up data were obtained from 30 and 31 from the physical exercise and reference groups, respectively. The between-group differences from baseline to follow-up between physical exercise and reference were 7.6 (95% CI 0.3 to 14.9), -2.3 (95% CI -10.3 to 5.8), and 10.1 (95% CI 0.6 to 19.5) for social climate, mental health, and vitality, respectively. For social climate and vitality, this corresponded to moderate effect sizes (Cohen d = 0.51 for both) in favor of physical exercise. There were no reported adverse events.In conclusion, workplace physical exercise performed together with colleagues improves social climate and vitality among workers with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Mental health remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars L. Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Physical Activity and Human Performance Group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Roger Persson
- Department of Psychology
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Markus D. Jakobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil Sundstrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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175
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Mohammadfam I, Kamalinia M, Momeni M, Golmohammadi R, Hamidi Y, Soltanian A. Evaluation of the Quality of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Based on Key Performance Indicators in Certified Organizations. Saf Health Work 2016; 8:156-161. [PMID: 28593071 PMCID: PMC5447402 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems are becoming more widespread in organizations. Consequently, their effectiveness has become a core topic for researchers. This paper evaluates the performance of the Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series 18001 specification in certified companies in Iran. METHODS The evaluation is based on a comparison of specific criteria and indictors related to occupational health and safety management practices in three certified and three noncertified companies. RESULTS Findings indicate that the performance of certified companies with respect to occupational health and safety management practices is significantly better than that of noncertified companies. CONCLUSION Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series 18001-certified companies have a better level of occupational health and safety; this supports the argument that Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems play an important strategic role in health and safety in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Mohammadfam
- Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health and Research, Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kamalinia
- Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Corresponding author. Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hamadan Medical Science University, Hamadan 689, Iran.Department of Occupational HygieneSchool of Public HealthHamadan Medical Science UniversityHamadan689Iran
| | - Mansour Momeni
- Department of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rostam Golmohammadi
- Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health and Research, Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Yadollah Hamidi
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltanian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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El-Menyar A, Mekkodathi A, Al-Thani H. Occupational injuries: Global and local perspectives. Nepal J Epidemiol 2016; 6:560-562. [PMID: 27774343 PMCID: PMC5073172 DOI: 10.3126/nje.v6i2.15161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Gender bias in individual radiosensitivity and the association with genetic polymorphic variations. Radiother Oncol 2016; 119:236-43. [PMID: 26987471 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the extent of variation in radiosensitivity between individuals, gender-related dissimilarity and impact on the association with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Survival curves of 152 fibroblast cell strains derived from both gender were generated. Individual radiosensitivity was characterized by the surviving fraction at 2Gy (SF2). SNPs in 10 radiation responsive genes were genotyped by direct sequencing. RESULTS The wide variation in SF2 (0.12-0.50; mean=0.33) was significantly associated with 3 SNPs: TP53 G72C (P=0.007), XRCC1 G399A (P=0.002) and ATM G1853A (P=0.01). Females and males differed significantly in radiosensitivity (P=0.004) that impacted genetic association where only XRCC1 remained significant in both gender (P<0.05). Meanwhile, discordant association was observed for TP53 that was significant in females (P=0.012) and ATM that was significant in males (P=0.0006). When gender-specific SF2-mean (0.31 and 0.35 for females and males; respectively) was considered, further discordance was observed where XRCC1 turned out not to be associated with radiosensitivity in males (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although the variation in individual radiosensitivity was associated with certain SNPs, gender bias for both endpoints was evident. Therefore, assessing the risk of radiation exposure in females and males should be considered separately in order to achieve the ultimate goal of personalized radiation medicine.
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The Impact of Physical and Ergonomic Hazards on Poultry Abattoir Processing Workers: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:197. [PMID: 26861374 PMCID: PMC4772217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The poultry abattoir industry continues to grow and contribute significantly to the gross domestic product in many countries. The industry expects working shifts of eight to eleven hours, during which workers are exposed to occupational hazards which include physical hazards ranging from noise, vibration, exposure to cold and ergonomic stress from manual, repetitive tasks that require force. A PubMed, Medline and Science Direct online database search, using specific keywords was conducted and the results confirmed that physical and ergonomic hazards impact on abattoir processing workers health, with harm not only to workers’ health but also as an economic burden due to the loss of their livelihoods and the need for treatment and compensation in the industry. This review endeavours to highlight the contribution poultry processing plays in the development of physical agents and ergonomic stress related occupational diseases in poultry abattoir processing workers. The impact includes noise-induced hearing loss, increased blood pressure, menstrual and work related upper limb disorders. These are summarised as a quick reference guide for poultry abattoir owners, abattoir workers, poultry associations, occupational hygienists and medical practitioners to assist in the safer management of occupational health in poultry abattoirs.
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180
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Evaluation Studies on Education in Occupational Safety and Health: Inspiration for Developing Economies. Ann Glob Health 2015; 81:548-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2015.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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181
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Lee W, Yoon JH, Roh J, Kim YK, Seok H, Lee JH, Won JU. Factors related to the physician and the employer influencing successful return to work in Korea: results from the first panel study of workers' compensation insurance (PSWCI). Ann Occup Environ Med 2015; 27:27. [PMID: 26693027 PMCID: PMC4676145 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-015-0076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate associated factors including the physician and the employer of successful return to work (RTW) in occupationally injured workers. Methods This study is based on the first panel study of workers’ compensation insurance (PSWCI), published in June 2014. The PSWCI is a sample survey of occupationally injured workers who completed medical care in 2012 (89,921 people). A total of 2000 subjects were sampled based on sex, age, nine metropolitan-based regions, disability ratings, duration of rehabilitation, and whether vocational rehabilitation service was used. We divided the study population into two groups: return to work (RTW) group (job retention, reemployment, unpaid family worker, and self-employment), and non-RTW group (joblessness and economical inactivity). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) related to differences in basic characteristics, part of physician and employer-related factors between those who succeeded to RTW and those who did not were measured using multivariable logistic regression model. Results The success of RTW is 70.6 % (n = 1412) among participants. The ORs (95 % CI) of the participants belonging to RTW who received periodic recovery assessment from the medical care institution and the physician are 1.51 (1.07–2.13). The ORs (95 % CI) are 1.68 (1.05–2.69) for the RTW group who received work ability assessment and referral for vocational return. When the employer maintains the relationship with the occupationally injured worker, the worker has 1.39 times higher odds (95 % CI: 1.41–2.26) of the RTW group compared to the non-RTW group. Conclusions The physician and the employer have a significant impact on the RTW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhyung Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749 Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Incheon Worker's Health Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749 Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Incheon Worker's Health Center, Incheon, Korea ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Roh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749 Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Incheon Worker's Health Center, Incheon, Korea ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong-Kwang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749 Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Incheon Worker's Health Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hongdeok Seok
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749 Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Incheon Worker's Health Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749 Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Incheon Worker's Health Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 120-749 Seoul, Korea ; Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ; Incheon Worker's Health Center, Incheon, Korea ; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lin Y, Chen M, Chen G, Wu X, Lin T. Application of an autoregressive integrated moving average model for predicting injury mortality in Xiamen, China. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e008491. [PMID: 26656013 PMCID: PMC4679986 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Injury is currently an increasing public health problem in China. Reducing the loss due to injuries has become a main priority of public health policies. Early warning of injury mortality based on surveillance information is essential for reducing or controlling the disease burden of injuries. We conducted this study to find the possibility of applying autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to predict mortality from injuries in Xiamen. METHOD The monthly mortality data on injuries in Xiamen (1 January 2002 to 31 December 2013) were used to fit the ARIMA model with the conditional least-squares method. The values p, q and d in the ARIMA (p, d, q) model refer to the numbers of autoregressive lags, moving average lags and differences, respectively. The Ljung-Box test was used to measure the 'white noise' and residuals. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) between observed and fitted values was used to evaluate the predicted accuracy of the constructed models. RESULTS A total of 8274 injury-related deaths in Xiamen were identified during the study period; the average annual mortality rate was 40.99/100,000 persons. Three models, ARIMA (0, 1, 1), ARIMA (4, 1, 0) and ARIMA (1, 1, (2)), passed the parameter (p<0.01) and residual (p>0.05) tests, with MAPE 11.91%, 11.96% and 11.90%, respectively. We chose ARIMA (0, 1, 1) as the optimum model, the MAPE value for which was similar to that of other models but with the fewest parameters. According to the model, there would be 54 persons dying from injuries each month in Xiamen in 2014. CONCLUSION The ARIMA (0, 1, 1) model could be applied to predict mortality from injuries in Xiamen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Lin
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Guowei Chen
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianquan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Municipal Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Xiamen, China
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183
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Prévalence des accidents du travail et facteurs associés à la cimenterie de Katana en République démocratique du Congo (RDC). ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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184
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Gawley T, Dixon S. One side of the story: Examining newspaper coverage of workplace injury and fatality in Ontario, 2007-2012. Work 2015; 53:205-18. [PMID: 26409383 DOI: 10.3233/wor-152140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND News coverage in popular media can shape public perspectives on occupational issues. Few studies exist concerning how occupational injury and fatality are represented in the news. OBJECTIVES This study examined how injuries, fatalities and worker characteristics were represented in newspapers compared with official government statistics. It also examined what individuals or organizations were most often included by reporters to provide interpretations of injuries and fatalities. METHODS Quantitative content analysis was used to examine 304 newspaper articles from between 2007 and 2012 representing the nine most populous cities in the province of Ontario, Canada. Government data came from reports compiled by the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) of Ontario. RESULTS Compared to workers' compensation board records, physical characteristics of injuries and fatalities were skewed toward the acute traumatic. Women were dramatically underrepresented in newspaper articles. Age distributions were represented. Goods-producing, transportation and resource extraction occupations were overrepresented while services were underrepresented. Worker voices were largely absent in newspaper accounts compared with law enforcement, the State and management. CONCLUSIONS How workplace injury and fatality are framed, and who contributes to these frames, serves to shape public interpretations of occupational injury and fatality and how occupational health and safety issues might be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Gawley
- Health Studies Program, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Brantford, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shane Dixon
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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185
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van der Molen HF, Stocks SJ, Frings-Dresen MHW. Exploring Study Designs for Evaluation of Interventions Aimed to Reduce Occupational Diseases and Injuries. Saf Health Work 2015; 7:83-5. [PMID: 27014496 PMCID: PMC4792913 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective interventions to reduce work-related exposures are available for many types of work-related diseases or injuries. However, knowledge of the impact of these interventions on injury or disease outcomes is scarce due to practical and methodological reasons. Study designs are considered for the evaluation of occupational health interventions on occupational disease or injury. Latency and frequency of occurrence of the health outcomes are two important features when designing an evaluation study with occupational disease or occupational injury as an outcome measure. Controlled evaluation studies—giving strong indications for an intervention effect—seem more suitable for more frequently occurring injuries or diseases. Uncontrolled evaluation time or case series studies are an option for evaluating less frequently occurring injuries or diseases. Interrupted time series offer alternatives to experimental randomized controlled trials to give an insight into the effectiveness of preventive actions in the work setting to decision and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk F van der Molen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan J Stocks
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Monique H W Frings-Dresen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Stanhope J, Carver S, Weinstein P. The risky business of being an entomologist: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 140:619-633. [PMID: 26069935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse work-related health outcomes are a significant problem worldwide. Entomologists, including arthropod breeders, are a unique occupational group exposed to potentially harmful arthropods, pesticides, and other more generic hazards. These exposures may place them at risk of a range of adverse work-related health outcomes. OBJECTIVES To determine what adverse work-related health outcomes entomologists have experienced, the incidence/prevalence of these outcomes, and what occupational management strategies have been employed by entomologists, and their effectiveness. METHODS A systematic search of eight databases was undertaken to identify studies informing the review objectives. Data pertaining to country, year, design, work-exposure, adverse work-related health outcomes, incidence/prevalence of these outcomes, and occupational management strategies were extracted, and reported descriptively. DISCUSSION Results showed entomologists experienced work-related allergies, venom reactions, infections, infestations and delusional parasitosis. These related to exposure to insects, arachnids, chilopods and entognathans, and non-arthropod exposures, e.g. arthropod feed. Few studies reported the incidence/prevalence of such conditions, or work-related management strategies utilised by entomologists. There were no studies that specifically investigated the effectiveness of potential management strategies for entomologists as a population. Indeed, critical appraisal analysis indicated poor research quality in this area, which is a significant research gap. CONCLUSIONS Entomologists are a diverse, unique occupational group, at risk of a range of adverse work-related health outcomes. This study represents the first systematic review of their work-related health risks. Future studies investigating the prevalence of adverse work-related health outcomes for entomologists, and the effectiveness of management strategies are warranted to decrease the disease burden of this otherwise understudied group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stanhope
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 5, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Scott Carver
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 5, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Philip Weinstein
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 7001, South Australia, Australia.
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Gonzalez-Delgado M, Gómez-Dantés H, Fernández-Niño JA, Robles E, Borja VH, Aguilar M. Factors associated with fatal occupational accidents among Mexican workers: a national analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121490. [PMID: 25790063 PMCID: PMC4366246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the factors associated with fatal occupational injuries in Mexico in 2012 among workers affiliated with the Mexican Social Security Institute. METHODS Analysis of secondary data using information from the National Occupational Risk Information System, with the consequence of the occupational injury (fatal versus non-fatal) as the response variable. The analysis included 406,222 non-fatal and 1,140 fatal injuries from 2012. The factors associated with the lethality of the injury were identified using a logistic regression model with the Firth approach. RESULTS Being male (OR=5.86; CI95%: 4.22-8.14), age (OR=1.04; CI95%: 1.03-1.06), employed in the position for 1 to 10 years (versus less than 1 year) (OR=1.37; CI95%: 1.15-1.63), working as a facilities or machine operator or assembler (OR: 3.28; CI95%: 2.12- 5.07) and being a worker without qualifications (OR=1.96; CI95%: 1.18-3.24) (versus an office worker) were associated with fatality in the event of an injury. Additionally, companies classified as maximum risk (OR=1.90; CI 95%: 1.38-2.62), workplace conditions (OR=7.15; CI95%: 3.63-14.10) and factors related to the work environment (OR=9.18; CI95%:4.36-19.33) were identified as risk factors for fatality in the event of an occupational injury. CONCLUSIONS Fatality in the event of an occupational injury is associated with factors related to sociodemographics (age, sex and occupation), the work environment and workplace conditions. Worker protection policies should be created for groups with a higher risk of fatal occupational injuries in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Héctor Gómez-Dantés
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud (CISS), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Julián Alfredo Fernández-Niño
- Centro de Información para Decisiones en Salud Pública (CENIDSP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Eduardo Robles
- Coordinación de Salud en el Trabajo, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), México D.F., México
| | - Víctor H. Borja
- Unidad de Atención Primaria en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), México D.F., México
| | - Miriam Aguilar
- Coordinación de Salud en el Trabajo, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), México D.F., México
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Analysis of new workers' compensation claims in the Department of Defense civilian workforce, 2000-2012. J Occup Environ Med 2015; 57 Suppl 3:S20-6. [PMID: 25741610 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study of Department of Defense (DoD) civilian employees Workers' Compensation (WC) claims for chargeback year 2000 through 2012 aimed to analyze the frequency, rates, and costs of WC claims representing 5% of the DoD annual personnel budget. METHODS A multiyear cross-sectional study of WC claims data identified the top five most frequent causes, natures, and anatomical sites; changes in frequency, worker age, costs, and time were evaluated for trends. RESULTS The annual frequency and rate of new DoD WC claims decreased over time, whereas costs per new claim have increased. New claim frequencies, rates, and costs aggregated in older age groups. CONCLUSIONS The increasing trend in costs of each claim and the overall program costs presents a need for case management. Analysis of WC claims data is necessary to help target injury prevention efforts and reduce program costs.
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Pillay M. Accident Causation, Prevention and Safety Management: A Review of the State-of-the-art. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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