151
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Bhaskar S, Helen A. Quercetin modulates toll-like receptor-mediated protein kinase signaling pathways in oxLDL-challenged human PBMCs and regulates TLR-activated atherosclerotic inflammation in hypercholesterolemic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 423:53-65. [PMID: 27665434 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that have a unique and essential function in innate immunity. The effect of quercetin on TLR-mediated downstream signaling mechanism and its effect on TLR-mediated MAP kinase and Akt pathways were studied in oxLDL-stimulated hPBMCs using specific inhibitors. The pretreatment of hPBMCs with specific TLR inhibitor, CLI-095, decreased the NF-κB nuclear translocation and TNF-α release by oxLDL. When the cells treated with inhibitor and quercetin together, the inhibition was more effective. The specific inhibitor for p38 MAPK, SB203580, reduced the phosphorylated p38 level and decreased the NF-κB activation and TNF-α release by oxLDL-challenged hPBMCs. This inhibitor showed enhanced inhibition when treated with quercetin together. The inhibitors for ERK1/2, PD98059, and for JNK, SP606125, also showed inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation and TNF-α release by oxLDL-simulated hPBMCs. Quercetin supplementation enhanced the inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-κB and the release of cytokines. TLR4 inhibition study confirmed the downstream signaling mechanism mediated by NF-κB which is involved in the oxLDL-induced inflammatory response, and quercetin suppresses the cytokine, TNF-α release by modulating TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition to NF-κB signaling pathway, inflammation induced by oxLDL was also related to the activation of p38MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK, and Akt pathways, and the protective effect of quercetin may be also related to the inhibition of activation of these pathways. Quercetin significantly downregulated the elevated mRNA expression of TLRs and cytokine TNF-α in HCD-fed atherosclerotic rats in vivo. As quercetin possesses inhibition on both TLR-NF-κB signaling pathway and TLR-mediated MAPK pathway, it is evident that it can be used as a therapeutic agent to ameliorate atherosclerotic inflammation. Since quercetin is the major flavonoid and forms the backbone of many other flavonoids and this study provides strong evidence that it has potent anti-inflammatory effect, quercetin may be a promising agent for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and promote health by reducing harmful vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Bhaskar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - A Helen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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152
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Precupas A, Sandu R, Popa VT. Quercetin Influence on Thermal Denaturation of Bovine Serum Albumin. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:9362-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b06214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurica Precupas
- “Ilie Murgulescu”
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei
202, Bucharest, 060021, Romania
| | - Romica Sandu
- “Ilie Murgulescu”
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei
202, Bucharest, 060021, Romania
| | - Vlad T. Popa
- “Ilie Murgulescu”
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei
202, Bucharest, 060021, Romania
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153
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Fujiwara Y, Horlad H, Shiraishi D, Tsuboki J, Kudo R, Ikeda T, Nohara T, Takeya M, Komohara Y. Onionin A, a sulfur-containing compound isolated from onions, impairs tumor development and lung metastasis by inhibiting the protumoral and immunosuppressive functions of myeloid cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2467-2480. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Hasita Horlad
- Department of Cell Pathology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiraishi
- Department of Cell Pathology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Junko Tsuboki
- Department of Cell Pathology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Rino Kudo
- Department of Cell Pathology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ikeda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sojo University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nohara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sojo University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Motohiro Takeya
- Department of Cell Pathology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
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154
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Chen MM, Yin ZQ, Zhang LY, Liao H. Quercetin promotes neurite growth through enhancing intracellular cAMP level and GAP-43 expression. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:667-72. [PMID: 26412426 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the role of quercetin on neurite growth in N1E-115 cells and the underlying mechanisms. Quercetin was evaluated for its effects on cell numbers of neurites, neurite length, intracellular cAMP content, and Gap-43 expression in N1E-115 cells in vitro by use of microscopy, LANCE(tm) cAMP 384 kit, and Western blot analysis, respectively. Our results showed that quercetin could increase the neurite length in a concentration-dependent manner, but had no effect on the numbers of cells. Quercetin significantly increased the expression of cellular cAMP in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The Gap-43 expression was up-regulated in a time-dependent manner. In conclusion, quercetin could promote neurite growth through increasing the intracellular cAMP level and Gap-43 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Chen
- National Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of Phytochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lu-Yong Zhang
- National Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hong Liao
- National Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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155
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Pratheeshkumar P, Son YO, Divya SP, Wang L, Turcios L, Roy RV, Hitron JA, Kim D, Dai J, Asha P, Zhang Z, Shi X. Quercetin inhibits Cr(VI)-induced malignant cell transformation by targeting miR-21-PDCD4 signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2016; 8:52118-52131. [PMID: 28881718 PMCID: PMC5581017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is an important human carcinogen associated with pulmonary diseases and lung cancer. Inhibition of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis by a dietary antioxidant is a novel approach. Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids widely present in many fruits and vegetables, possesses potent antioxidant and anticancer properties. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is a key oncomiR significantly elevated in the majority of human cancers that exerts its oncogenic activity by targeting the tumor suppressor gene programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). The present study examined the effect of quercetin on the inhibition of Cr(VI)-induced malignant cell transformation and the role of miR-21-PDCD4 signaling involved. Our results showed that quercetin decreased ROS generation induced by Cr(VI) exposure in BEAS-2B cells. Chronic Cr(VI) exposure induced malignant cell transformation, increased miR-21 expression and caused inhibition of PDCD4, which were significantly inhibited by the treatment of quercetin in a dose dependent manner. Nude mice injected with BEAS-2B cells chronically exposed to Cr(VI) in the presence of quercetin showed reduced tumor incidence compared to Cr(VI) alone treated group. Stable knockdown of miR-21 and overexpression of PDCD4 or catalase in BEAS-2B cells suppressed Cr(VI)-induced malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that quercetin is able to protect BEAS-2B cells from Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis by targeting miR-21-PDCD4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Young-Ok Son
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sasidharan Padmaja Divya
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lilia Turcios
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ram Vinod Roy
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John Andrew Hitron
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Donghern Kim
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Padmaja Asha
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, India
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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156
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Ren J, Li J, Liu X, Feng Y, Gui Y, Yang J, He W, Dai C. Quercetin Inhibits Fibroblast Activation and Kidney Fibrosis Involving the Suppression of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and β-catenin Signaling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23968. [PMID: 27052477 PMCID: PMC4823739 DOI: 10.1038/srep23968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid found in a wide variety of plants and presented in human diet, displays promising potential in preventing kidney fibroblast activation. However, whether quercetin can ameliorate kidney fibrosis in mice with obstructive nephropathy and the underlying mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. In this study, we found that administration of quercetin could largely ameliorate kidney interstitial fibrosis and macrophage accumulation in the kidneys with obstructive nephropathy. MTORC1, mTORC2, β-catenin as well as Smad signaling were activated in the obstructive kidneys, whereas quercetin could markedly reduce their abundance except Smad3 phosphorylation. In cultured NRK-49F cells, quercetin could inhibit α-SMA and fibronectin (FN) expression induced by TGFβ1 treatment. MTORC1, mTORC2, β-catenin and Smad signaling pathways were stimulated by TGFβ1 at a time dependent manner. Similar to those findings in the obstructive kidneys, mTORC1, mTORC2 and β-catenin, but not Smad signaling pathways were remarkably blocked by quercetin treatment. Together, these results suggest that quercetin inhibits fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis involving a combined inhibition of mTOR and β-catenin signaling transduction, which may act as a therapeutic candidate for patients with chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafa Ren
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Feng
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Gui
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weichun He
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunsun Dai
- Center for Kidney Diseases, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 262 North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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157
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Zhang Y, Si Y, Zhai L, Guo S, Zhao J, Sang H, Pang X, Zhang X, Chen A, Qin S. Celastrus Orbiculatus Thunb. Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Promoting Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Hyperlipidemic Mice. Lipids 2016; 51:677-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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158
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Morphological and in vitro antibacterial efficacy of quercetin loaded nanoparticles against food-borne microorganisms. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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159
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Wang Z, Zhao Z, Cheng X, Liu S, Wei Q, Scott IM. Conifer flavonoid compounds inhibit detoxification enzymes and synergize insecticides. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 127:1-7. [PMID: 26821651 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Detoxification by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and esterases are important mechanisms associated with insecticide resistance. Discovery of novel GST and esterase inhibitors from phytochemicals could provide potential new insecticide synergists. Conifer tree species contain flavonoids, such as taxifolin, that inhibit in vitro GST activity. The objectives were to test the relative effectiveness of taxifolin as an enzyme inhibitor and as an insecticide synergist in combination with the organophosphorous insecticide, Guthion (50% azinphos-methyl), and the botanical insecticide, pyrethrum, using an insecticide-resistant Colorado potato beetle (CPB) Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) strain. Both taxifolin and its isomer, quercetin, increased the mortality of 1(st) instar CPB larvae after 48h when combined with Guthion, but not pyrethrum. Taxifolin had greater in vitro esterase inhibition compared with the commonly used esterase inhibitor, S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF). An in vivo esterase and GST inhibition effect after ingestion of taxifolin was measured, however DEF caused a greater suppression of esterase activity. This study demonstrated that flavonoid compounds have both in vitro and in vivo esterase inhibition, which is likely responsible for the insecticide synergism observed in insecticide-resistant CPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Zhong Zhao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaofei Cheng
- Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Suqi Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Qin Wei
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Ian M Scott
- Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada.
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160
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Jin X, Su R, Li R, Song L, Chen M, Cheng L, Li Z. Amelioration of particulate matter-induced oxidative damage by vitamin c and quercetin in human bronchial epithelial cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:459-466. [PMID: 26386771 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has a close association with respiratory damage. Vitamin c and quercetin have been documented to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties. However, their potential protective effects against PM2.5-induced respiratory damage have not been evaluated yet. Hence, the study was aimed to investigate their protective effects and delineate the possible mechanisms. The results indicated that PM2.5 depleted the cell viability of 16HBE cells, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and inhibited mitochondrial genes expressions, including fusion proteins Mfn1 and OPA1, along with biogenesis markers SIRT1 and p53R2. Additionally, the damage of mitochondrial morphology was observed upon PM2.5 exposure using both JC-1 and MitoTracker Red staining. Expressions of mitochondrial respiratory chain genes including NDUFS2 and UQCRI1 were also attenuated by PM2.5 exposure. Furthermore, PM2.5 promoted the mRNA levels of NADPH oxidase and inflammation cytokines. However, the addition of vitamin c or quercetin strikingly antagonized the PM2.5-induced toxic effects. Collectively, these findings suggest that vitamin c and quercetin have repressive roles in respiratory oxidative damage incurred by PM2.5, which provide the theoretical basis about intervention and control of food nutrients on PM2.5-induced human adverse health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Jin
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ruijun Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Li Song
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Meilan Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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161
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Nam JS, Sharma AR, Nguyen LT, Chakraborty C, Sharma G, Lee SS. Application of Bioactive Quercetin in Oncotherapy: From Nutrition to Nanomedicine. Molecules 2016; 21:E108. [PMID: 26797598 PMCID: PMC6273093 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals as dietary constituents are being explored for their cancer preventive properties. Quercetin is a major constituent of various dietary products and recently its anti-cancer potential has been extensively explored, revealing its anti-proliferative effect on different cancer cell lines, both in vitro and in vivo. Quercetin is known to have modulatory effects on cell apoptosis, migration and growth via various signaling pathways. Though, quercetin possesses great medicinal value, its applications as a therapeutic drug are limited. Problems like low oral bioavailability and poor aqueous solubility make quercetin an unreliable candidate for therapeutic purposes. Additionally, the rapid gastrointestinal digestion of quercetin is also a major barrier for its clinical translation. Hence, to overcome these disadvantages quercetin-based nanoformulations are being considered in recent times. Nanoformulations of quercetin have shown promising results in its uptake by the epithelial system as well as enhanced delivery to the target site. Herein we have tried to summarize various methods utilized for nanofabrication of quercetin formulations and for stable and sustained delivery of quercetin. We have also highlighted the various desirable measures for its use as a promising onco-therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Suk Nam
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Lich Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Bio-informatics, School of Computer and Information Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India.
| | - Garima Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India.
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 200704, Korea.
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162
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Vovkun TV, Yanchuk PI, Shtanova LY, Vesеlskyу SP, Shalamaу AS. EXOCRINE FUNCTION OF THE LIVER IN RATS WITH EXPOSURE TO CОRVITIN. FIZIOLOHICHNYI ZHURNAL (KIEV, UKRAINE : 1994) 2016; 62:30-8. [PMID: 29569883 DOI: 10.15407/fz62.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In acute experiments on rats with cannulated bile duct we
studied the effect of Corvitin, water-soluble analogue of
quercetin, on secretion of bile. Intraportal administration of
the test compound at doses of 2,5; 5 and 10 mg/kg resulted in
a significant increase in the volume of secreted bile by 20,9,
31,2 and 20,4%, respectively, as compared with the control. Using the method of thin layer chromatography it was established
the mild stimulating effect of Corvitin on the processes
of bile acids conjugation with taurine and glycine, especially
when administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg. This flavonoid did not
affect the concentration of glycocholic acid, however increased
the content of glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic
acids in the mixture between 15 to 35,1%. Regarding free bile
acids, the concentration of cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic and
deoxycholic acids in the mixture was increased significantly
relative to control only after Corvitin application at dose 10 mg/
kg. In the first case – from 17,9 to 29,8%, in the second – from
25 to 65,4%. At the dose of 5 mg/kg, Corvitin significantly
increased the ratio of bile cholates conjugation (maximum by
23,2%), whereas 10 mg/kg of the drug decreased this index
by 27,0%. After administration of Corvitin, the hydroxylation
ratio in all experimental groups differed little from the control:
at the dose of 5 and 10 mg/kg this parameter decreased by
14%. Thus, Corvitin modulates exocrine function of the liver,
causing an increase in bile secretion and concentration of
different cholates, dose-dependently increasing or decreasing
the effectiveness of multienzyme systems providing processes
of bile acids conjugation in rats.
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163
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Cho S, Im H, Lee KY, Chen J, Kang HJ, Yoon HJ, Min KH, Lee KR, Park HJ, Lee BJ. Identification of novel scaffolds for potential anti-Helicobacter pylori agents based on the crystal structure of H. pylori 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate synthase (HpKDO8PS). Eur J Med Chem 2015; 108:188-202. [PMID: 26649906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structure of 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate-8-phosphate synthase (KDO8PS) from Helicobacter pylori (HpKDO8PS) was determined alone and within various complexes, revealing an extra helix (HE) that is absent in the structures of KDO8PS from other organisms. In contrast to the metal coordination of the KDO8PS enzyme from Aquifex aeolicus, HpKDO8PS is specifically coordinated with Cd(2+) or Zn(2+) ions, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) revealed that Cd(2+) thermally stabilizes the protein structure more efficiently than Zn(2+). In the substrate-bound structure, water molecules play a key role in fixing residues in the proper configuration to achieve a compact structure. Using the structures of HpKDO8PS and API [arabinose 5-phosphate (A5P) and phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) bisubstrate inhibitor], we generated 21 compounds showing potential HpKDO8PS-binding properties via in silico virtual screening. The capacity of three, avicularin, hyperin, and MC181, to bind to HpKDO8PS was confirmed through saturation transfer difference (STD) experiments, and we identified their specific ligand binding modes by combining competition experiments and docking simulation analysis. Hyperin was confirmed to bind to the A5P binding site, primarily via hydrophilic interaction, whereas MC181 bound to both the PEP and A5P binding sites through hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions. These results were consistent with the epitope mapping by STD. Our results are expected to provide clues for the development of HpKDO8PS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Cho
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hookang Im
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Ju Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Min
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ro Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jin Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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Sagit M, Korkmaz F, Gürgen SG, Gundogdu R, Akcadag A, Ozcan I. Quercetine attenuates the gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in a rat model. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:2109-14. [PMID: 26434546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective role of quercetin in gentamicin-induced ototoxicity through an auditory brainstem response (ABR) test and a histopathological evaluation of the cochlea. METHODS In this study, 48 female adult Sprague-Dawley rats aged 20-22 weeks and weighing 200-250g were used. An ABR test was carried out on all rats prior to drug administration, after which, the rats were divided into four groups of 12 animals each. Drug administration was gentamicin 120mg/kg plus ethanol in group one; gentamicin 120mg/kg plus quercetin 15mg/kg in group two; quercetin 15mg/kg in group three; and ethanol in group four. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally once a day for two weeks, and the ABR test was repeated after drug administration. Subsequently, the rats were sacrificed and their cochleae were dissected and examined histopathologically. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the pre-treatment ABR measurement values of the groups. However, a significant increase was detected in the ABR values in the group of rats that were administered gentamicin plus ethanol, while no statistically significant increase was found in the ABR values in the groups administered with gentamicin plus quercetin; quercetin alone; and ethanol alone. The number of TUNEL positive cells in the inner and outer hair cells in the Corti organ was found to be fewer, and Caspase 3 and 9 expressions were found to be weaker in the group receiving gentamicin plus quercetin than in the group receiving gentamicin plus ethanol. CONCLUSIONS Auditory function was detected to be significantly protected and apoptotic cells were found to be decreased when quercetin was administered together with gentamicin. From these results it was concluded that quercetin, a powerful antioxidant, attenuates ABR thresholds and histopathological lesions in the cochlea in gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Sagit
- Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Department of ENT, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ferhat Korkmaz
- Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Department of ENT, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Seren Gulsen Gürgen
- Celal Bayar University, School of Vocational Health Service, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Gundogdu
- Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Department of ENT, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Alper Akcadag
- Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Subdepartment of Audiology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ozcan
- Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Department of ENT, Kayseri, Turkey
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Bi Y, Shen C, Li C, Liu Y, Gao D, Shi C, Peng F, Liu Z, Zhao B, Zheng Z, Wang X, Hou X, Liu H, Wu J, Zou H, Wang K, Zhong C, Zhang J, Shi C, Zhao S. Inhibition of autophagy induced by quercetin at a late stage enhances cytotoxic effects on glioma cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3549-60. [PMID: 26454746 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4125-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor in the central nervous system (CNS) with high morbidity and mortality in adults. Although standardized comprehensive therapy has been adapted, the prognosis of glioma patients is still frustrating and thus novel therapeutic strategies are urgently in need. Quercetin (Quer), an important flavonoid compound found in many herbs, is shown to be effective in some tumor models including glioma. Recently, it is reported that adequate regulation of autophagy can strengthen cytotoxic effect of anticancer drugs. However, it is not yet fully clear how we should modulate autophagy to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic effect. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) and Beclin1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) were used to inhibit the early stage of autophage while chloroquine (CQ) to inhibit the late stage. MTT assay was implemented to determine cell viability. Transmission electron microscopy, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were adopted to evaluate autophagy. Western blot, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect apoptosis. C6 glioma xenograft models were established to assess the therapeutic effect (the body weight change, the median survival time, and tumor volume) in vivo. Quercetin can inhibit cell viability and induce autophagy of U87 and U251 glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of early-stage autophagy by 3-MA or shRNA against Beclin1 attenuated the quercetin-induced cytotoxicity. In contrast, suppression of autophagy at a late stage by CQ enhanced the anti-glioma efficiency of quercetin. Therapeutic effect of quercetin for malignant glioma can be strengthened by inhibition of autophagy at a late stage, not initial stage, which may provide a novel opportunity for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunke Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaohua Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of HeiLongJiang Agricultural Reclamation Department, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixing Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huailei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huichao Zou
- Department of Pain Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiakang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbin Shi
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center and Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shiguang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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Dajas F, Abin-Carriquiry JA, Arredondo F, Blasina F, Echeverry C, Martínez M, Rivera F, Vaamonde L. Quercetin in brain diseases: Potential and limits. Neurochem Int 2015; 89:140-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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167
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D'Andrea G. Quercetin: A flavonol with multifaceted therapeutic applications? Fitoterapia 2015; 106:256-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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168
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Ye MF, Liu Z, Lou SF, Chen ZY, Yu AY, Liu CY, Yu CY, Zhang HF, Zhang J. Flos Albiziae aqueous extract and its active constituent quercetin potentiate the hypnotic effect of pentobarbital via the serotonergic system. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:835-838. [PMID: 26623026 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flos albiziae (FA) is reportedly used for treatment of insomnia and anxiety in traditional medicine. The hypnotic effect of an extract of FA (FAE) and its constituent quercetin [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one, QR] was examined in mice. QR is a widely distributed natural flavonoid abundant in FA flowers and other tissues. The possible mechanisms underlying the hypnotic effects of FAE and QR were investigated using behavioral pharmacology. FAE and QR significantly potentiated pentobarbital-induced [50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (ip)] sleep (prolonged sleeping time; shortened sleep latency) in a dose-dependent manner, and these effects were augmented by administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a precursor of 5-hydroxytryptamine. With a sub-hypnotic dose of pentobarbital (28 mg/kg, ip), FAE and QR significantly increased the rate of sleep onset and were synergistic with 5-HTP (2.5 mg/kg, ip). Pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine, an inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, significantly decreased sleeping time and prolonged sleep latency in pentobarbital-treated mice, whereas FAE and QR significantly reversed this effect. Data show that FAE and QR have hypnotic activity, possibly mediated by the serotonergic system. The present study offers a rationale for the use of FA in treating sleep disorders associated with serotonin system dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fei Ye
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China ; Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Judicial Identification Center of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Fang Lou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Yue Yu
- Department of Basic Course, Shaoxing University Yuanpei College, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Yang Yu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Fang Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
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169
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Lage PS, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Mesquita JT, Mata LM, Fernandes SOA, Cardoso VN, Soto M, Tavares CAP, Leite JPV, Tempone AG, Coelho EAF. Antileishmanial activity and evaluation of the mechanism of action of strychnobiflavone flavonoid isolated from Strychnos pseudoquina against Leishmania infantum. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:4625-35. [PMID: 26346453 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro antileishmanial activity of strychnobiflavone flavonoid against Leishmania infantum, as well as its mechanism of action, and evaluate the ex vivo biodistribution profile of the flavonoid in naive BALB/c mice. The antileishmanial activity (IC50 value) of strychnobiflavone against stationary promastigote and amastigote-like stages of the parasites was of 5.4 and 18.9 μM, respectively; with a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) value of 125.0 μM on murine macrophages, resulting in selectivity index (SI) of 23.2 and 6.6, respectively. Amphotericin B, used as a positive control, presented SI values of 7.6 and 3.3 for promastigote and amastigote-like stages of L. infantum, respectively. The strychnobiflavone was also effective in reducing in significant levels the percentage of infected macrophages, as well as the number of amastigotes per macrophage, after the treatment of infected macrophages using the flavonoid. By using different fluorescent probes, we investigated the bioenergetics metabolism of L. infantum promastigotes and demonstrated that the flavonoid caused the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, without affecting the production of reactive oxygen species. In addition, using SYTOX(®) green as a fluorescent probe, the strychnobiflavone demonstrated no interference in plasma membrane permeability. For the ex vivo biodistribution assays, the flavonoid was labeled with technetium-(99m) and studied in a mouse model by intraperitoneal route. After a single dose administration, the scintigraphic images demonstrated a highest uptake by the liver and spleen of the animals within 60 min, resulting in low concentrations after 24 h. The present study therefore demonstrated, for the first time, the antileishmanial activity of the strychnobiflavone against L. infantum, and suggests that the mitochondria of the parasites may be the possible target organelle. The preferential distribution of this compound into the liver and spleen of the animals could warrant its employ in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miguel A Chávez-Fumagalli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana T Mesquita
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, 01246-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laís M Mata
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone O A Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valbert N Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Manuel Soto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos A P Tavares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João P V Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andre G Tempone
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, 01246-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Aplicada ao Estudo das Leishmanioses, Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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170
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Ahn TB, Jeon BS. The role of quercetin on the survival of neuron-like PC12 cells and the expression of α-synuclein. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1113-9. [PMID: 26330835 PMCID: PMC4541243 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.160106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Both genetic and environmental factors are important in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. As α-synuclein is a major constituent of Lewy bodies, a pathologic hallmark of Parkinson's disease, genetic aspects of α-synuclein is widely studied. However, the influence of dietary factors such as quercetin on α-synuclein was rarely studied. Herein we aimed to study the neuroprotective role of quercetin against various toxins affecting apoptosis, autophagy and aggresome, and the role of quercetin on α-synuclein expression. PC12 cells were pre-treated with quercetin (100, 500, 1,000 μM) and then together with various drugs such as 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+; a free radical generator), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA; a free radical generator), ammonium chloride (an autophagy inhibitor), and nocodazole (an aggresome inhibitor). Cell viability was determined using a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltertazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was detected by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide through the use of fluorescence activated cell sorter. α-Synuclein expression was detected by western blot assay and immunohistochemistry. The role of α-synuclein was further studied by knocking out α-synuclein using RNA interference. Cell viability increased at lower concentrations (100 and 500 μM) of quercetin but decreased at higher concentration (1,000 μM). Quercetin exerted neuroprotective effect against MPP+, ammonium chloride and nocodazole at 100 μM. MPP+ induced apoptosis was decreased by 100 μM quercetin. Quercetin treatment increased α-synuclein expression. However, knocking out α-synuclein exerted no significant effect on cell survival. In conclusion, quercetin is neuroprotective against toxic agents via affecting various mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy and aggresome. Because α-synuclein expression is increased by quercetin, the role of quercetin as an environmental factor in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Beom Ahn
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom S Jeon
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea ; Department of Neurology, Movement Disorder Center, Parkinson Study Group, and Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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171
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Frenzel M, Krolak E, Wagner A, Steffen-Heins A. Physicochemical properties of WPI coated liposomes serving as stable transporters in a real food matrix. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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172
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Schlipf DM, Jones CA, Armbruster ME, Rushing ES, Wooten KC, Rankin SE, Knutson BL. Flavonoid adsorption and stability on titania-functionalized silica nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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173
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Gomathi S, Sasikumar P, Anbazhagan K, Neha SA, Sasikumar S, Selvi M, Selvam GS. Oral administration of indigenous oxalate degrading lactic acid bacteria and quercetin prevents calcium oxalate stone formation in rats fed with oxalate rich diet. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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174
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Non-Nutrient, Naturally Occurring Phenolic Compounds with Antioxidant Activity for the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontal Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:447-81. [PMID: 26783837 PMCID: PMC4665427 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main factors able to explain the pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory conditions that occur in periodontal disease is oxidative stress. Given the emerging understanding of this relationship, host-modulatory therapies using antioxidants could be interesting to prevent or slow the breakdown of soft and hard periodontal tissues. In this context, non-nutrient phenolic compounds of various foods and plants have received considerable attention in the last decade. Here, studies focusing on the relationship between different compounds of this type with periodontal disease have been collected. Among them, thymoquinone, coenzyme Q (CoQ), mangiferin, resveratrol, verbascoside and some flavonoids have shown to prevent or ameliorate periodontal tissues damage in animal models. However evidence regarding this effect in humans is poor and only limited to topical treatments with CoQ and catechins. Along with animal experiments, in vitro studies indicate that possible mechanisms by which these compounds might exert their protective effects include antioxidative properties, oxygen and nitrogen scavenging abilities, and also inhibitory effects on cell signaling cascades related to inflammatory processes which have an effect on RNS or ROS production as well as on antioxidant defense systems.
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175
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Doses of Quercetin in the Range of Serum Concentrations Exert Delipidating Effects in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes by Acting on Different Stages of Adipogenesis, but Not in Mature Adipocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:480943. [PMID: 26180590 PMCID: PMC4477249 DOI: 10.1155/2015/480943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Scope. To determine whether doses of quercetin in the range of serum concentrations exert any effect on triacylglycerol accumulation in maturing preadipocytes and mature adipocytes. The influence on the expression of adipogenic markers as well as on gene expression and activity of enzymes involved in triacylglycerol metabolism were assessed.
Methods and Results. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated during differentiation and mature adipocytes for 24 hours with low doses (0.1–10 µM) of quercetin. Triacylglycerol content in both cell types and free fatty acid and glycerol in the incubation medium of mature adipocytes were measured spectrophotometrically. Gene and protein expression were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot. LPL and FAS activities were quantified. During differentiation quercetin reduced triacylglycerol content at doses from 0.5 to 10 µM. 1 µM of quercetin reduced C/EBPβ gene expression, SREBP1 mature protein levels, and PPARγ gene expression. 10 µM of quercetin reduced LPL gene expression and PPARγ and SREBP1c expression. In mature adipocytes, only 10 µM of quercetin reduced triacylglycerol content. Lipogenic FAS expression and activity were reduced at this dose. Conclusion. Quercetin, in the range of serum concentrations, is able to inhibit adipogenesis, but higher doses, at least 10 µM, are needed to reduce fat accumulation in mature adipocytes.
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176
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V DK, Verma PRP, Singh SK, Viswanathan S. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of quercetin in rat plasma after oral administration of biodegradable nanoparticles. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 29:1731-6. [PMID: 25973544 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of free quercetin in rat plasma, using fisetin as internal standard. The detection was performed by negative ion electrospray ionization under selected reaction monitoring. Chromatographic separation (isocratic elution) was carried out using acetonitrile-10 m m ammonium formate (80:20, v/v) with 0.1% v/v formic acid. The lower limit of quantification (4.928 ng/mL) provided high sensitivity for the detection of quercetin in rat plasma. The linearity range was from 5 to 2000 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-day variability (RSD) of quercetin extraction from rat plasma was <4.19 and 1.37% with accuracies of 98.77 and 99.67%. The method developed was successfully applied for estimating free quercetin in rat plasma, after oral administration of quercetin-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles (QLN) and quercetin suspension. QLN (C(max), 1277.34 ± 216.67 ng/mL; AUC, 17,458.25 ± 3152.95 ng hr/mL) showed a 5.38-fold increase in relative bioavailability as compared with quercetin suspension (C(max), 369.2 ± 108.07 ng/mL; AUC, 3276.92 ± 396.67 ng hr/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar V
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Priya Ranjan Prasad Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - S Viswanathan
- Micro-Therapeutic Research Labs Private Limited, Chennai, 600097, India
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177
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Co-delivery of natural metabolic inhibitors in a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system for improved oral bioavailability of curcumin. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 4:344-52. [PMID: 25422796 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-014-0199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In spite of its well-documented anticancer chemopreventive and therapeutic activity, the clinical development of curcumin has been limited by its poor oral bioavailability. Curcumin has low aqueous solubility and undergoes extensive first pass metabolism following oral dosing. We hypothesized that oral bioavailability of curcumin can be enhanced by increasing its absorption and decreasing its metabolic clearance simultaneously. To test this hypothesis, we formulated curcumin with naturally occurring UGT inhibitors (piperine, quercetin, tangeretin, and silibinin) in a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). Mouse liver microsome studies showed that silibinin and quercetin inhibited curcumin glucuronidation effectively. When dosed orally in mice, the SMEDDS containing curcumin alone increased curcumin glucuronide concentrations in plasma without significantly affecting parent drug concentration. Of the four inhibitors examined in vivo, silibinin significantly improved the Cmax (0.15 μM vs. 0.03 μM for curcumin SMEDDS) and the overall bioavailability (3.5-fold vs. curcumin SMEDDS) of curcumin. Previous studies have shown that silibinin has anticancer activity as well. Thus, co-delivery of silibinin with curcumin in SMEDDS represents a novel and promising approach to improve curcumin bioavailability.
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178
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Dinesh Kumar V, Verma PRP, Singh SK. Development and evaluation of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles for the effective delivery of quercetin using a quality by design approach. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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179
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Seo YS, Kang OH, Kim SB, Mun SH, Kang DH, Yang DW, Choi JG, Lee YM, Kang DK, Lee HS, Kwon DY. Quercetin prevents adipogenesis by regulation of transcriptional factors and lipases in OP9 cells. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1779-85. [PMID: 25891365 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
With the industrialization of society, the increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders has become an important health concern in a number of countries. Quercetin (3,30,40,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is well known as a bioactive flavonoid in a variety of biological resources. The aim of the present study was to explore the machanisms responsible for the anti-adipogenic activity of quercetin and its effects on the lipolysis in OP9 mouse stromal cells which rapidly differentiate into adipocytes. The differentiation of OP9 cells into adipocytes was evaluated by the measurement of lipid accumulation by Oil Red O (ORO) staining; lipid accumulation was significantly impaired by treatment with quercetin. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to measure the expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS). The mRNA expression levels of lipases, such as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were also measured by RT-PCR. Quercetin significantly decreased the expression of transcription factors, including C/EBPα, PPARγ and SREBP-1c both at the protein and mRNA level. The results from the present study demonstrate that quercetin prevents adipogenesis by upregulating ATGL and HSL expression and downregulating FAS, LPL and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (aP2) expression, as well as the expression of transcription factors. Our data suggest that quercetin has therapeutic potential by regulating the expression of transcriptional factors and enzymes associated with adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Soo Seo
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Mun
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Kang
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Wun Yang
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kil Kang
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seog Lee
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
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180
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Shimizu M, Li J, Inoue J, Sato R. Quercetin represses apolipoprotein B expression by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of C/EBPβ. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121784. [PMID: 25875015 PMCID: PMC4398426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most abundant polyphenolic flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables and has anti-oxidative and anti-obesity effects. Because the small intestine is a major absorptive organ of dietary nutrients, it is likely that highly concentrated food constituents, including polyphenols, are present in the small intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting that food factors may have a profound effect in this tissue. To identify novel targets of quercetin in the intestinal enterocytes, mRNA profiling using human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells was performed. We found that mRNA levels of some apolipoproteins, particularly apolipoprotein B (apoB), are downregulated in the presence of quercetin. On the exposure of Caco-2 cells to quercetin, both mRNA and protein levels of apoB were decreased. Promoter analysis of the human apoB revealed that quercetin response element is localized at the 5′-proximal promoter region, which contains a conserved CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-response element. We found that quercetin reduces the promoter activity of apoB, driven by the enforced expression of C/EBPβ. Quercetin had no effect on either mRNA or protein levels of C/EBPβ. In contrast, we found that quercetin inhibits the transcriptional activity of C/EBPβ but not its recruitment to the apoB promoter. On the exposure of Caco-2 cells to quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, which is in a cell-impermeable form, no notable change in apoB mRNA was observed, suggesting an intracellular action of quercetin. In vitro interaction experiments using quercetin-conjugated beads revealed that quercetin binds to C/EBPβ. Our results describe a novel regulatory mechanism of transcription of apolipoprotein genes by quercetin in the intestinal enterocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Shimizu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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181
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Zhang X, Zhang JH, Chen XY, Hu QH, Wang MX, Jin R, Zhang QY, Wang W, Wang R, Kang LL, Li JS, Li M, Pan Y, Huang JJ, Kong LD. Reactive oxygen species-induced TXNIP drives fructose-mediated hepatic inflammation and lipid accumulation through NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:848-70. [PMID: 25602171 PMCID: PMC4367240 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Increased fructose consumption predisposes the liver to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the mechanisms are elusive. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) links oxidative stress to NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and this signaling axis may be involved in fructose-induced NAFLD. Here, we explore the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced TXNIP overexpression in fructose-mediated hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation, inflammation, and lipid accumulation. RESULTS Rats were fed a 10% fructose diet for 8 weeks and treated with allopurinol and quercetin during the last 4 weeks. Five millimolars of fructose-exposed hepatocytes (primary rat hepatocytes, rat hepatic parenchymal cells [RHPCs], HLO2, HepG2) were co-incubated with antioxidants or caspase-1 inhibitor or subjected to TXNIP or NLRP3 siRNA interference. Fructose induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, janus-activated kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3-mediated inflammatory signaling, and expression alteration of lipid metabolism-related genes in cultured hepatocytes and rat livers. NLRP3 silencing and caspase-1 suppression blocked these effects in primary rat hepatocytes and RHPCs, confirming that inflammasome activation alters hepatocyte lipid metabolism. Hepatocellular ROS and TXNIP were increased in animal and cell models. TXNIP silencing blocked NLRP3 inflammasome activation, inflammation, and lipid metabolism perturbations but not ROS induction in fructose-exposed hepatocytes, whereas antioxidants addition abrogated TXNIP induction and diminished the detrimental effects in fructose-exposed hepatocytes and rat livers. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSIONS This study provides a novel mechanism for fructose-induced NAFLD pathogenesis by which the ROS-TXNIP pathway mediates hepatocellular NLRP3 inflammasome activation, inflammation and lipid accumulation. Antioxidant-based interventions can inhibit the ROS-TXNIP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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YANG FEIYA, SONG LIMING, WANG HUIPING, WANG JUN, XU ZHIQING, XING NIANZENG. Quercetin in prostate cancer: Chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive effects, mechanisms and clinical application potential (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2659-68. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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183
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Abreu AC, Serra SC, Borges A, Saavedra MJ, Mcbain AJ, Salgado AJ, Simões M. Combinatorial Activity of Flavonoids with Antibiotics Against Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Microb Drug Resist 2015; 21:600-9. [PMID: 25734256 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of resistance-modifying agents is a potential strategy that is used to prolong the effective life of antibiotics in the face of increasing antibiotic resistance. Since certain flavonoids are potent bacterial efflux pump inhibitors, we assessed morin, rutin, quercetin, hesperidin, and (+)-catechin for their combined activity with the antibiotics ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxacillin, and ampicillin against drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Four established methods were used to determine the combined efficacy of each combination: microdilution checkerboard assays, time-kill determinations, the Etest, and dual disc-diffusion methods. The cytotoxicity of the flavonoids was additionally evaluated in a mouse fibroblast cell line. Quercetin and its isomer morin decreased by 3- to 16-fold the minimal inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and erythromycin against some S. aureus strains. Rutin, hesperidin, and (+)-catechin did not promote any potentiation of antibiotics. Despite the potential cytotoxicity of these phytochemicals at a high concentration (fibroblast IC50 of 41.8 and 67.5 mg/L, respectively), quercetin is commonly used as a supplement for several therapeutic purposes. All the methods, with exception of the time-kill assay, presented a high degree of congruence without any apparent strain specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Abreu
- 1 LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia C Serra
- 2 Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho , Braga, Portugal .,3 ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Anabela Borges
- 1 LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto , Porto, Portugal .,4 CECAV, Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria José Saavedra
- 4 CECAV, Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center, Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro , Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Andrew J Mcbain
- 5 Manchester Pharmacy School, The University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - António J Salgado
- 2 Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho , Braga, Portugal .,3 ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Manuel Simões
- 1 LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto , Porto, Portugal
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184
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Neuroprotective therapeutics from botanicals and phytochemicals against Huntington's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders. J Herb Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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185
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Effect of UV irradiation on the antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of quercetin. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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186
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GUAN CUIPING, XU WEN, HONG WEISONG, ZHOU MIAONI, LIN FUQUAN, FU LIFANG, LIU DONGYIN, XU AIE. Quercetin attenuates the effects of H2O2 on endoplasmic reticulum morphology and tyrosinase export from the endoplasmic reticulum in melanocytes. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4285-90. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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187
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Pan HC, Jiang Q, Yu Y, Mei JP, Cui YK, Zhao WJ. Quercetin promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits the expression of MMP-9 and fibronectin via the AKT and ERK signalling pathways in human glioma cells. Neurochem Int 2015; 80:60-71. [PMID: 25481090 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and malignant primary brain tumours and are associated with a poor prognosis despite the availability of multiple therapeutic options. Quercetin, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is an important flavonoid and has anti-cancer activity. Here, we evaluated whether quercetin could inhibit glioma cell viability and migration and promote apoptosis. The treatment of U87-MG glioblastoma and U251 and SHG44 glioma cell lines with different concentrations of quercetin inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Wound healing assays indicated that quercetin significantly decreased glioma cell migration. β-galactosidase staining, DNA staining and Annexin V-EGF/PI double staining assays demonstrated that quercetin promoted cell senescence and apoptosis. In addition, the protein levels of p-AKT, p-ERK, Bcl-2, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and fibronectin (FN) were significantly reduced following quercetin treatment. Therefore, we conclude that quercetin might inhibit the viability and migration and promote the senescence and apoptosis of glioma cells by suppressing the Ras/MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. Quercetin might be a potential candidate for the clinical treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Chao Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Jiang
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Ping Mei
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yu-Kun Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei-Jiang Zhao
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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188
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Heinonen T, Gaus W. Cross matching observations on toxicological and clinical data for the assessment of tolerability and safety of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract. Toxicology 2015; 327:95-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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189
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Tu Y, Zhang P, Pang X. Thioredoxin-interacting Protein as a Common Regulation Target for Multiple Drugs in Clinical Therapy/Application. CANCER TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/2395-3977.151488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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190
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Ushakov IB, Vasin MV. Radiation protective agents in the radiation safety system for long-term exploration missions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0362119714070251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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191
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González-Peña D, Angulo J, Vallejo S, Colina-Coca C, de Ancos B, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Peiró C, Sánchez-Moreno C. High-cholesterol diet enriched with onion affects endothelium-dependent relaxation and NADPH oxidase activity in mesenteric microvessels from Wistar rats. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2014; 11:57. [PMID: 25926860 PMCID: PMC4413540 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-11-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of onion as functional ingredient on the oxidative status, lipoprotein levels (total cholesterol-TC, HDL-C, LDL-C), triacylglycerides (TAG) and vascular reactivity of mesenteric arteries in hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats. METHODS Twenty-four animals were fed with three different diets [control, high-cholesterol diet (HC) and high-cholesterol enriched with onion diet (HCO)]. After seven weeks of experimental feeding the rats were euthanized for blood and tissues collection. TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and TAG were measured, and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS(•+)) scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were determined in plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities were assayed in erythrocyte lysates. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation to acetylcholine was evaluated in mesenteric arterial segments. NADPH oxidase (NOX) was also measured by lucigenin-derived chemiluminiscence. RESULTS The dietary cholesterol content significantly affected plasma lipoprotein levels, increased superoxide generation from NOX, and caused impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the rat mesenteric arteries. Onion ingredient improved antioxidant status in HCO group, as it was evidenced by ABTS(•+) and FRAP values and SOD and GPx enzyme activities compared to the HC-fed group, reduced the increment in NOX activity and reversed endothelial dysfunction promoted by the HC diet. Scavenging of superoxide with TEMPOL or inhibition of NOX with apocynin improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation only in HC-fed rats. CONCLUSIONS Enrichment of diet with onion as functional ingredient could be proposed as a complementary approach to prevent or partially modulate vascular dysfunction, reducing some of the risk indexes linked to initial development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana González-Peña
- />Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Angulo
- />Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), ES-28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Vallejo
- />Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Colina-Coca
- />Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña de Ancos
- />Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos F Sánchez-Ferrer
- />Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Peiró
- />Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Sánchez-Moreno
- />Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
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192
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Mechanisms Underlying the Antinociceptive, Antiedematogenic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Main Flavonoid from Kalanchoe pinnata. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:429256. [PMID: 25580151 PMCID: PMC4279175 DOI: 10.1155/2014/429256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kalanchoe pinnata (KP) is popularly used for treating inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the antinociceptive, antiedematogenic, and anti-inflammatory potential of the subcutaneous administration of KP flower aqueous extract (KPFE), its ethyl acetate (EtOAcF) and butanol (BuOHF) fractions, and the main KP flavonoid [quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 → 2) α-L-rhamnopyranoside] (KPFV) in mice, as well as its possible mechanisms of action. KPFE (30–300 mg/kg) and KPFV (1–10 mg/kg) inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing (ID50 = 164.8 and 9.4 mg/kg, resp.). KPFE (300 mg/kg), EtOAcF (12 mg/kg), BuOHF (15 mg/kg), or KPFV (0.3–3.0 mg/kg) reduced leukocyte migration on carrageenan-induced pleurisy (ID50 = 2.0 mg/kg for KPFV). KPFE (3–30 mg/kg) and KPFV (0.3–3.0 mg/kg) reduced the croton oil-induced ear edema (ID50 = 4.3 and 0.76 mg/kg, resp.). KPFE and KPFV reduced the TNF-α concentration in the pleural exudates on carrageenan-induced pleurisy test. Moreover, KPFV inhibited COX-1 (IC50 = 22.1 μg/mL) and COX-2 (IC50 > 50 μg/mL). The selectivity index (COX-1IC50/COX-2IC50) was <0.44. These results indicate that KPFE and KPFV produced antinociceptive, antiedematogenic, and anti-inflammatory activities through COX inhibition and TNF-α reduction, revealing that the main flavonoid in KP flowers and leaves plays an important role in the ethnomedicinal use of the plant.
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193
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Kim JK, Seo YK, Park S, Park SA, Lim S, Lee S, Kwon O, Seo JK, Choi UK, Ryu SH, Suh PG. Spiraeoside inhibits mast cells activation and IgE-mediated allergic responses by suppressing phospholipase C-γ-mediated signaling. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 93:227-35. [PMID: 25781488 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are responsible for IgE-mediated allergic responses through the secretion of various inflammatory cytokines and mediators. Therefore, the pharmacological regulation of mast cell activation is an important goal in the development of novel anti-allergic drugs. In this study, we found that spiraeoside (SP) inhibits mast cell activation and allergic responses in vivo. SP dose-dependently inhibited the degranulation induced by IgE-antigen (Ag) stimulation in RBL-2H3 mast cells without cytotoxic effects. At the molecular level, SP reduced the Ag-induced phosphorylation and subsequent activation of phospholipase C-γ2 (PLC-γ2). Moreover, SP inhibited the phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), linker for activation of T cells (LAT), and downstream MAPKs, such as ERK1/2, p38, and JNK, eventually attenuating expression of TNF-α and IL-4. Finally, we found that SP significantly inhibited IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that SP suppresses IgE-mediated mast cell activation and allergic responses by inhibiting Lyn-induced PLC-γ2/MAPK signaling in mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Kuk Kim
- School of Nano-Biotechnology & Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea., Division of Molecular and Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Gomes IBS, Porto ML, Santos MCLFS, Campagnaro BP, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC. Renoprotective, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of oral low-dose quercetin in the C57BL/6J model of diabetic nephropathy. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:184. [PMID: 25481305 PMCID: PMC4271322 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major causes of end-stage renal disease in diabetic patients. Increasing evidence from studies in the rodents has suggested that this disease is associated with increased oxidative stress due to hyperglycemia. In the present study, we evaluated the renoprotective, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of the flavonoid quercetin in C57BL/6J model of DN. Methods DN was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 100 mg/kg/day, for 3 days) in adult C57BL/6J mice. Six weeks later, mice were divided into the following groups: diabetic mice treated with quercetin (DQ, 10 mg/kg/day, 4 weeks), diabetic mice treated with vehicle (DV) or non-treated non-diabetic (ND) mice. Results Quercetin treatment caused a reduction in polyuria (~45%) and glycemia (~35%), abolished the hypertriglyceridemia and had significant effects on renal function including, decreased proteinuria and high plasma levels of uric acid, urea and creatinine, which were accompanied by beneficial effects on the structural changes of the kidney including glomerulosclerosis. Flow cytometry showed a decrease in oxidative stress and apoptosis in DN mice. Conclusion Taken together, these data show that quercetin effectively attenuated STZ-induced cytotoxicity in renal tissue. This study provides convincing experimental evidence and perspectives on the renoprotective effects of quercetin in diabetic mice and outlines a novel therapeutic strategy for this flavonoid in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, UFES, Vitoria, Brazil.
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195
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Suriyanarayanan B, Sarojini Santhosh R. Docking analysis insights quercetin can be a non-antibiotic adjuvant by inhibiting Mmr drug efflux pump in Mycobacterium sp. and its homologue EmrE in Escherichia coli. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:1819-34. [PMID: 25297690 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.974211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Drug efflux pumps (EP) like Mmr in Mycobacterium transported drugs out of cell, a main reason for drug resistance developing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this in silico study, mainly analysed EP inhibitory potential of a plant-derived flavonoid, quercetin, through docking analysis. Mmr present in Mycobacterium smegmatis and M. tuberculosis, and its homologue EmrE of Escherichia coli was used. Initially, homology modelling of EP monomers and dimers constructed from M. smegmatis, M. tuberculosis and E. coli; the stabilities of models were analysed from Ramachandran plots prepared in PROCHECK. Docking analysis of quercetin with EP protein showed that in all three organisms, the residues for function and stability are important and quercetin had best interactions comparing to compounds such as, verapamil, reserpine, chlorpromazine, Carbonyl Cyanide m- Chloro Phenylhydrazone. Molecular dynamics and simulation studies showed that during the entire course of simulation quercetin-Mmr complex were stable. It insights quercetin can act as a non-antibiotic adjuvant for treatment of tuberculosis by bring down the efflux of drug from bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramanian Suriyanarayanan
- a Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases , School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University , Thanjavur 613401 , India
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196
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Rosenblat M, Volkova N, Khatib S, Mahmood S, Vaya J, Aviram M. Reduced glutathione increases quercetin stimulatory effects on HDL- or apoA1-mediated cholesterol efflux from J774A.1 macrophages. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1462-72. [PMID: 25204422 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.963574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In our in vitro study, we analyzed the effects of incubation of J774A.1 macrophages with reduced glutathione (GSH) and quercetin on the extent of cellular cholesterol efflux by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1). This combination was the most potent one among other exogenous and endogenous antioxidant combinations, since it significantly increased the extent of HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages by 47% versus control cells, whereas quercetin (20 μM) or GSH (200 μM) alone increased it by only 37% or 17%, respectively. Similarly, apoA1-mediated cholesterol efflux was increased by 11% or 22% in quercetin or quercetin + GSH-treated cells, respectively, versus control cells. These stimulatory effects were noted only after 20 h of cell incubation. The combination of quercetin + GSH demonstrated high scavenging capacity of free radicals versus quercetin or GSH alone. In addition, quercetin + GSH significantly decreased macrophage oxidative stress as measured by the scavenging capacity of free radicals in the cells, the formation of reactive oxygen species, and the levels of cellular glutathione and lipid peroxides. There was no significant effect of quercetin + GSH on cellular HDL binding, on ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) activity, or on ABCG1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. In contrast, mRNA levels for ABCA1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) were both significantly increased by 89% and 93%, respectively, in quercetin + GSH-treated cells versus control cells. Quercetin alone increased the mRNA levels for ABCA1 or PPARα by 42% or 77%, respectively, whereas GSH alone increased it by 22% or 28%, respectively. Mass spectra analysis revealed that oxidized quercetin reacts with GSH to form a new adduct product. We thus conclude that the stimulatory effects of quercetin + GSH on apoA1- or HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux are related to the ability of GSH to preserve quercetin in its reduced form.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rosenblat
- The Lipid Research Laboratory, Rambam Health Care Campus, the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa , Israel
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197
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Russo M, Spagnuolo C, Bilotto S, Tedesco I, Maiani G, Russo GL. Inhibition of protein kinase CK2 by quercetin enhances CD95-mediated apoptosis in a human thymus-derived T cell line. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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198
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Miceli M, Bontempo P, Nebbioso A, Altucci L. Natural compounds in epigenetics: a current view. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 73:71-83. [PMID: 25139119 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The successful treatment of many human diseases, including cancer, has come to be considered a major challenge, as patient response to therapy is difficult to predict. Recently, considerable efforts are being focused on the development of new tools to meet the growing demand for personalized medicine. With few exceptions, synthetic compounds have been unable to meet initial expectations for their clinical use. The last twenty years have been characterized by the failure of several drugs in advanced clinical development, possibly due to the insufficient understanding of molecular pathways underlying their mechanism of action. Although the biodiversity of compounds found in nature has been poorly explored until now, the field of naturally occurring drugs is rapidly expanding. Here, we review the current knowledge on the use of natural compounds with particular emphasis on those that display a chromatin remodeling effect coupled with anticancer action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Miceli
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Universita' di Napoli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, IGB, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Bontempo
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Universita' di Napoli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Universita' di Napoli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Universita' di Napoli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, IGB, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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199
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Bhat FA, Sharmila G, Balakrishnan S, Arunkumar R, Elumalai P, Suganya S, Raja Singh P, Srinivasan N, Arunakaran J. Quercetin reverses EGF-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasiveness in prostate cancer (PC-3) cell line via EGFR/PI3K/Akt pathway. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:1132-1139. [PMID: 25150162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in metastasis and tumorigenesis of prostate cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in tumor progression during which cancer cells undergo dramatic changes acquiring highly invasive properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of quercetin on EGF-induced EMT in prostate cancer (PC-3) cell line. Quercetin, a plant flavonoid, prevented EGF-induced invasion and migration of PC-3 cells. The protein and mRNA expressions of E-cadherin and N-cadherin were studied by immunocytochemistry, Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Quercetin prevented EGF-induced expression of N-cadherin and vimentin and increased the expression of E-cadherin in PC-3 cells, therefore preventing EGF-induced EMT. EGF-induced cell adhesion proteins, intercellular adhesion molecule and vascular cell adhesion molecule were significantly decreased by quercetin treatment. Furthermore, mRNA and protein expressions of Snail, Slug and Twist showed that quercetin significantly decreased EGF-induced expressions of Snail, Slug and Twist. The protein expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathway showed that quercetin prevents EGF-induced EMT via EGFR/PI3k/Akt/ERK1/2 pathway and by suppressing transcriptional repressors Snail, Slug and Twist in PC-3 cells. Thus, it is concluded from the present study that quercetin may prevent cancer metastasis by targeting EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdous Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - G Sharmila
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - S Balakrishnan
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - R Arunkumar
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - P Elumalai
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - S Suganya
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - P Raja Singh
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - N Srinivasan
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - J Arunakaran
- Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, India.
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200
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Ahmad W, Shaikh S, Nazam N, Lone MI. Protective Effects of Quercetin against Dimethoate-Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Allium sativum Test. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:632672. [PMID: 27379342 PMCID: PMC4897342 DOI: 10.1155/2014/632672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was directed to study the possible protective activity of quercetin-a natural antioxidant against dimethoate-induced cyto- and genotoxicity in meristematic cells of Allium sativum. So far there is no report on the biological properties of quercetin in plant test systems. Chromosome breaks, multipolar anaphase, stick chromosome, and mitotic activity were undertaken in the current study as markers of cyto- and genotoxicity. Untreated control, quercetin controls (@ 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL for 3 h), and dimethoate exposed groups (@ 100 and 200 μg/mL for 3 h) were maintained. For protection against cytogenotoxicity, the root tip cells treated with dimethoate at 100 and 200 μg/mL for 3 h and quercetin treatment at 5, 10, and 20 μg/mL for 16 h, prior to dimethoate treatment, were undertaken. Quercetin was found to be neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic in Allium sativum control at these doses. A significant increase (P < 0.05) in chromosomal aberrations was noted in dimethoate treated Allium. Pretreatment of Allium sativum with quercetin significantly (P < 0.05) reduced dimethoate-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in meristematic cells, and these effects were dose dependent. In conclusion, quercetin has a protective role in the abatement of dimethoate-induced cyto- and genotoxicity in the meristematic cells of Allium sativum that resides, at least in part, on its antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ahmad
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Sibhghatulla Shaikh
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Nazia Nazam
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Iqbal Lone
- Gene-Tox Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
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