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Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Reiter RJ, Rikhtegar R, Jalili J, Hajalioghli P, Mihanfar A, Majidinia M, Yousefi B. Melatonin: An atypical hormone with major functions in the regulation of angiogenesis. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1560-1584. [PMID: 32329956 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a pleotropic molecule with a wide distribution, has received considerable attention in recent years, mostly because of its various major effects on tissues or cells since it has both receptor-dependent and receptor-independent actions over a wide range of concentrations. These biological and physiological functions of melatonin include regulation of circadian rhythms by modulating the expression of core oscillator genes, scavenging the reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, modulating the immune system and inflammatory response, and exerting cytoprotective and antiapoptotic effects. Given the multiple critical roles of melatonin, dysregulation of its production or any disruption in signaling through its receptors may have contributed in the development of a wide range of disorders including type 2 diabetes, aging, immune-mediated diseases, hypertension, and cancer. Herein, we focus on the modulatory effects of melatonin on angiogenesis and its implications as a therapeutic strategy in cancer and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Reza Rikhtegar
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Jalili
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Hajalioghli
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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152
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Protein Degradome of Spinal Cord Injury: Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2702-2726. [PMID: 32328876 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Degradomics is a proteomics sub-discipline whose goal is to identify and characterize protease-substrate repertoires. With the aim of deciphering and characterizing key signature breakdown products, degradomics emerged to define encryptic biomarker neoproteins specific to certain disease processes. Remarkable improvements in structural and analytical experimental methodologies as evident in research investigating cellular behavior in neuroscience and cancer have allowed the identification of specific degradomes, increasing our knowledge about proteases and their regulators and substrates along with their implications in health and disease. A physiologic balance between protein synthesis and degradation is sought with the activation of proteolytic enzymes such as calpains, caspases, cathepsins, and matrix metalloproteinases. Proteolysis is essential for development, growth, and regeneration; however, inappropriate and uncontrolled activation of the proteolytic system renders the diseased tissue susceptible to further neurotoxic processes. In this article, we aim to review the protease-substrate repertoires as well as emerging therapeutic interventions in spinal cord injury at the degradomic level. Several protease substrates and their breakdown products, essential for the neuronal structural integrity and functional capacity, have been characterized in neurotrauma including cytoskeletal proteins, neuronal extracellular matrix glycoproteins, cell junction proteins, and ion channels. Therefore, targeting exaggerated protease activity provides a potentially effective therapeutic approach in the management of protease-mediated neurotoxicity in reducing the extent of damage secondary to spinal cord injury.
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153
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Panda SP, Panigrahy UP, Prasanth D, Gorla US, Guntupalli C, Panda DP, Jena BR. A trimethoxy flavonoid isolated from stem extract of Tabebuia chrysantha suppresses angiogenesis in angiosarcoma. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:990-999. [PMID: 32311118 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This research aimed to evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of isolated flavonoid 4a,5,8,8a-tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxy-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) chromen-4-one (TMF) from Tabebuia chrysantha. STAT3-MMP9 signalling is a signal transduction mechanism that promotes angiogenesis in various cancers. METHODS The tumour xenografting chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model-based ex vivo assay was used to evaluate the activity of TMF. The Western blot, densitometric analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to evaluate the activity of the MMP9. Zebrafish embryos were used to evaluate embryotoxicity, and in vitro free radical scavenging activity of flavonoid was also elucidated. KEY FINDINGS This research assessed the high level of STAT3, p-ERK, VEGF-R and MMP9 in the tissue extract of the control group, and also, the suppression of angiogenesis in the treatment groups was due to scavenged ROS and RNS, dephosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK, and suppression of MMP9 gene expression. CONCLUSION The isolated flavonoid named TMF from T. chrysantha functions as specific regulators of target proteins of angiosarcoma. The STAT3-MMP9 signalling may be used as an effective prognostic marker of angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | | | - Dsnbk Prasanth
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | - Uma Sankar Gorla
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | - Chakravarthi Guntupalli
- Pharmacology research division, College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, India
| | | | - Bikash Ranjan Jena
- Southern Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS college of Pharmacy), Guntur, India
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154
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Uemura MT, Maki T, Ihara M, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ. Brain Microvascular Pericytes in Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:80. [PMID: 32317958 PMCID: PMC7171590 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pericytes are unique, multi-functional mural cells localized at the abluminal side of the perivascular space in microvessels. Originally discovered in 19th century, pericytes had drawn less attention until decades ago mainly due to lack of specific markers. Recently, however, a growing body of evidence has revealed that pericytes play various important roles: development and maintenance of blood–brain barrier (BBB), regulation of the neurovascular system (e.g., vascular stability, vessel formation, cerebral blood flow, etc.), trafficking of inflammatory cells, clearance of toxic waste products from the brain, and acquisition of stem cell-like properties. In the neurovascular unit, pericytes perform these functions through coordinated crosstalk with neighboring cells including endothelial, glial, and neuronal cells. Dysfunction of pericytes contribute to a wide variety of diseases that lead to cognitive impairments such as cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), acute stroke, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and other neurological disorders. For instance, in SVDs, pericyte degeneration leads to microvessel instability and demyelination while in stroke, pericyte constriction after ischemia causes a no-reflow phenomenon in brain capillaries. In AD, which shares some common risk factors with vascular dementia, reduction in pericyte coverage and subsequent microvascular impairments are observed in association with white matter attenuation and contribute to impaired cognition. Pericyte loss causes BBB-breakdown, which stagnates amyloid β clearance and the leakage of neurotoxic molecules into the brain parenchyma. In this review, we first summarize the characteristics of brain microvessel pericytes, and their roles in the central nervous system. Then, we focus on how dysfunctional pericytes contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular cognitive impairment including cerebral ‘small vessel’ and ‘large vessel’ diseases, as well as AD. Finally, we discuss therapeutic implications for these disorders by targeting pericytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko T Uemura
- Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,JSPS Overseas Research Fellowship Program, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takakuni Maki
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Virginia M Y Lee
- Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Institute on Aging and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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155
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Lattanzi S, Di Napoli M, Ricci S, Divani AA. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:484-496. [PMID: 31975152 PMCID: PMC7283398 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10-30% of all strokes and affects more than one million people every year worldwide, and it is the stroke subtype associated with the highest rates of mortality and residual disability. So far, clinical trials have mainly targeted primary cerebral injury and have substantially failed to improve clinical outcomes. The understanding of the pathophysiology of early and delayed injury after ICH is, hence, of paramount importance to identify potential targets of intervention and develop effective therapeutic strategies. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) represent a ubiquitous superfamily of structurally related zinc-dependent endopeptidases able to degrade any component of the extracellular matrix. They are upregulated after ICH, in which different cell types, including leukocytes, activated microglia, neurons, and endothelial cells, are involved in their synthesis and secretion. The aim of this review is to summarize the available experimental and clinical evidence about the role of MMPs in brain injury following spontaneous ICH and provide critical insights into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mario Di Napoli
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Camillo de' Lellis District General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Ricci
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, San Camillo de' Lellis District General Hospital, Rieti, Italy
| | - Afshin A Divani
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
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156
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Hypergravity Activates a Pro-Angiogenic Homeostatic Response by Human Capillary Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072354. [PMID: 32231163 PMCID: PMC7177524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Capillary endothelial cells are responsible for homeostatic responses to organismic and environmental stimulations. When malfunctioning, they may cause disease. Exposure to microgravity is known to have negative effects on astronauts’ physiology, the endothelium being a particularly sensitive organ. Microgravity-related dysfunctions are striking similar to the consequences of sedentary life, bed rest, and ageing on Earth. Among different countermeasures implemented to minimize the effects of microgravity, a promising one is artificial gravity. We examined the effects of hypergravity on human microvascular endothelial cells of dermal capillary origin (HMEC-1) treated at 4 g for 15 min, and at 20 g for 15 min, 3 and 6 h. We evaluated cell morphology, gene expression and 2D motility and function. We found a profound rearrangement of the cytoskeleton network, dose-dependent increase of Focal Adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression, suggesting cell stiffening and increased proneness to motility. Transcriptome analysis showed expression changes of genes associated with cardiovascular homeostasis, nitric oxide production, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Hypergravity-treated cells also showed significantly improved motility and function (2D migration and tube formation). These results, expanding our knowledge about the homeostatic response of capillary endothelial cells, show that adaptation to hypergravity has opposite effect compared to microgravity on the same cell type.
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157
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Mastrullo V, Cathery W, Velliou E, Madeddu P, Campagnolo P. Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: As Nature Intended? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:188. [PMID: 32266227 PMCID: PMC7099606 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the steady increase in the number of studies focusing on the development of tissue engineered constructs, solutions delivered to the clinic are still limited. Specifically, the lack of mature and functional vasculature greatly limits the size and complexity of vascular scaffold models. If tissue engineering aims to replace large portions of tissue with the intention of repairing significant defects, a more thorough understanding of the mechanisms and players regulating the angiogenic process is required in the field. This review will present the current material and technological advancements addressing the imperfect formation of mature blood vessels within tissue engineered structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mastrullo
- Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - William Cathery
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eirini Velliou
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Campagnolo
- Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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158
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Whole-Genome Uterine Artery Transcriptome Profiling and Alternative Splicing Analysis in Rat Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062079. [PMID: 32197362 PMCID: PMC7139363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, the uterine artery (UA) undergoes extensive remodeling to permit a 20–40 fold increase in blood flow with associated changes in the expression of a multitude of genes. This study used next-gen RNA sequencing technology to identify pathways and genes potentially involved in arterial adaptations in pregnant rat UA (gestation day 20) compared with non-pregnant rat UA (diestrus). A total of 2245 genes were differentially expressed, with 1257 up-regulated and 970 down-regulated in pregnant UA. Gene clustering analysis revealed a unique cluster of suppressed genes implicated in calcium signaling pathway and vascular smooth muscle contraction in pregnant UA. Transcription factor binding site motif scanning identified C2H2 ZF, AP-2 and CxxC as likely factors functional on the promoters of down-regulated genes involved in calcium signaling and vascular smooth muscle contraction. In addition, 1686 genes exhibited alternative splicing that were mainly implicated in microtubule organization and smooth muscle contraction. Cross-comparison analysis identified novel genes that were both differentially expressed and alternatively spliced; these were involved in leukocyte and B cell biology and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, this first comprehensive study provides a valuable resource for understanding the molecular mechanism underlying gestational uterine arterial adaptations during pregnancy.
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159
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Hyland M, Mennan C, Wilson E, Clayton A, Kehoe O. Pro-Inflammatory Priming of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Alters the Protein Cargo of Their Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030726. [PMID: 32188006 PMCID: PMC7140705 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UCMSCs) have shown an ability to modulate the immune system through the secretion of paracrine mediators, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, the culture conditions that UCMSCs are grown in can alter their secretome and thereby affect their immunomodulatory potential. UCMSCs are commonly cultured at 21% O2 in vitro, but recent research is exploring their growth at lower oxygen conditions to emulate circulating oxygen levels in vivo. Additionally, a pro-inflammatory culture environment is known to enhance UCMSC anti-inflammatory potential. Therefore, this paper examined EVs from UCMSCs grown in normal oxygen (21% O2), low oxygen (5% O2) and pro-inflammatory conditions to see the impact of culture conditions on the EV profile. EVs were isolated from UCMSC conditioned media and characterised based on size, morphology and surface marker expression. EV protein cargo was analysed using a proximity-based extension assay. Results showed that EVs had a similar size and morphology. Differences were found in EV protein cargo, with pro-inflammatory primed EVs showing an increase in proteins associated with chemotaxis and angiogenesis. This showed that the UCMSC culture environment could alter the EV protein profile and might have downstream implications for their functions in immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairead Hyland
- School of Medicine, Keele University at the RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK;
| | - Claire Mennan
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering at the RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK;
| | - Emma Wilson
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Chester CH2 1BR, UK;
| | | | - Oksana Kehoe
- School of Medicine, Keele University at the RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-1691404149
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160
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Elmi A, Zannoni A, Govoni N, Bertocchi M, Forni M, Ventrella D, Bacci ML. Uncovering the Physiological Mechanisms Underlying the Roe Deer ( Capreolus capreolus) Testicular Cycle: Analyses of Gelatinases and VEGF Patterns and Correlation with Testes Weight and Testosterone. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030444. [PMID: 32155893 PMCID: PMC7143327 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) is a wild, small ruminant common in Europe and Asia with a peculiar reproductive cycle. The adult male shows a complete suspension of spermatozoa production during the winter that start again in spring with the peak of sexual activity in summer (July–August). The physiological mechanism underlying such a cycle is yet to be clarified. The work aimed at the analysis of some molecules, like gelatinases (MMP) and vascular growth factor, physiologically involved in tissue remodeling, in roe deer samples collected before (June–July) and after (August–September) the rutting period. Samples were provided by hunters of the Bologna Apennines area (Italy) according to the regional hunting plan. The result showed a post-rut reduction of testicular weight and testosterone, indicative of testes involution, correlated with an increase in pro-MMP2, the latent gelatinase capable of sustaining spermatogenesis once activated. It can be assumed that gelatinases are involved in the testicular cycle and start accumulating after the rutting period to be then activated in preparation of the next reproductive season inducing spermatozoa development and migration. Future studies on this pathway during all seasonal testicular cycles will provide more information about the interesting reproductive physiology of roe deer. Abstract The roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) represents a spontaneous model of testicular inactivation: During winter, bucks show a suspension of spermatogenesis that starts again in spring and peaks during the breeding season (July–August). The underlying mechanisms to the regulation of the cyclic testicular changes are still not fully clear but seem to be imputable to the spermatogenic cell line since other testicular cell populations remain stable without apoptotic phenomena. The aim of the study was to investigate apoptosis, gelatinases (MMP2 and 9), their inhibiting factors (TIMP 1-2), and two isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF121 and 165) with its receptors (VEGFR1-2) in testes collected during pre- and post-rut periods, and to correlate them with testicular weight (TW) and testosterone (TEST). Testes from 18 adult sexually mature bucks were collected in Bologna Apennines (Italy). Samples were weighed and parenchyma collected. Radioimmunoassay, real-time PCR, and zymography were performed. The results showed a post-rut decrease in TW and TEST and an increase in proMMP2, also highlighting a correlation between the gelatinases and the testicular functionality. The VEGF pattern did not show modifications nor correlation with TW and TEST. Overall, gelatinases and their inhibitors, described herein for the first time in roe deer testes, seem to play an important role in the testicular cycle.
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161
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Mei Y, Zhu Y, Teo HY, Liu Y, Song Y, Lim HY, Binte Hanafi Z, Angeli V, Liu H. The indirect antiangiogenic effect of IL-37 in the tumor microenvironment. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 107:783-796. [PMID: 32125036 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0220-207rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-37, a newly identified IL-1 family cytokine, has been shown to play an important role in inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and carcinogenesis. IL-37 has been suggested to suppress tumoral angiogenesis, whereas some publications showed that IL-37 promoted angiogenesis through TGF-β signaling in both physiologic and pathologic conditions. Therefore, the function of IL-37 in tumoral angiogenesis is not clear and the underlying mechanism is not known. In this current study, we investigated the direct role of IL-37 on endothelial cells, as well as its indirect effect on angiogenesis through functioning on tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. We found that IL-37 treatment directly promoted HUVEC migration and tubule formation, indicating IL-37 as a proangiogenic factor. Surprisingly, the supernatants from IL-37 overexpressing tumor cell line promoted HUVEC apoptosis and inhibited its migration and tubule formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IL-37 suppressed tumor angiogenesis in a murine orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma model, suggesting its dominant antiangiogenesis role in vivo. Moreover, microarray and qPCR analysis demonstrated that IL-37 reduced the expressions of proangiogenic factors and increased the expressions of antiangiogenic factors by tumor cells. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 expression was significantly decreased by IL-37 in both cell lines and murine tumor models. MMP9 and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions were also reduced in murine tumors overexpressing IL-37, as well as in cell lines overexpressing IL-37 under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, although IL-37 could exert direct proangiogenic effects on endothelial cells, it plays an antiangiogenic role via modulating proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factor expressions by tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mei
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Zhu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huey Yee Teo
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yonghao Liu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuan Song
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hwee Ying Lim
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zuhairah Binte Hanafi
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veronique Angeli
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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162
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Ri HS, Bae SS, Ha JM, Kim HY, Baek SH. The effect of desflurane on retinal angiogenesis in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. J Anesth 2020; 34:352-357. [PMID: 32100118 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-020-02752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an ocular disorder that primarily occurs in premature infants and is the most common cause of vision impairment. This study examined the effect of desflurane on angiogenesis in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS Mice were randomly allocated to the control (C), ROP control (Rc), or ROP with desflurane exposure (Rd) group. To induce ROP, 7-day-old mice were exposed to 75% oxygen in a chamber for 5 days [postnatal days (P) 7-12], and thereafter returned to room air. Age-matched mice exposed to room air formed the C group. The Rd group was exposed to 8% desflurane for 2 h on P12, P13, and P14 with 40% oxygen. To observe changes in angiogenesis of the retina, mice were sacrificed at P16. RESULTS The ratio of avascular area/total retinal area was not changed significantly in the Rd group, compared to the Rc group. The expression of endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in the Rd group and Rc group was not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Desflurane does not have a significant influence on retinal angiogenesis via HIF-1α and VEGF-A expression in the OIR mouse model. However, these findings are not directly applicable to premature infants, and it is thus necessary to perform further studies to determine the effect of desflurane on angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Su Ri
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Geumo-ro 20, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel-Associated Disease, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Ha
- Department of Pharmacology, Gene and Cell Therapy Center for Vessel-Associated Disease, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busandaehak-ro 49, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Geumo-ro 20, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Geumo-ro 20, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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163
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Ito MT, da Silva Costa SM, Baptista LC, Carvalho-Siqueira GQ, Albuquerque DM, Rios VM, Ospina-Prieto S, Saez RC, Vieira KP, Cendes F, Ozelo MC, Saad STO, Costa FF, Melo MB. Angiogenesis-Related Genes in Endothelial Progenitor Cells May Be Involved in Sickle Cell Stroke. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014143. [PMID: 32009522 PMCID: PMC7033889 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background The clinical aspects of sickle cell anemia (SCA) are heterogeneous, and different patients may present significantly different clinical evolutions. Almost all organs can be affected, particularly the central nervous system. Transient ischemic events, infarcts, and cerebral hemorrhage can be observed and affect ≈25% of the patients with SCA. Differences in the expression of molecules produced by endothelial cells may be associated with the clinical heterogeneity of patients affected by vascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the differential expression of genes involved in endothelial cell biology in SCA patients with and without stroke. Methods and Results Endothelial progenitor cells from 4 SCA patients with stroke and 6 SCA patients without stroke were evaluated through the polymerase chain reaction array technique. The analysis of gene expression profiling identified 29 differentially expressed genes. Eleven of these genes were upregulated, and most were associated with angiogenesis (55%), inflammatory response (18%), and coagulation (18%) pathways. Downregulated expression was observed in 18 genes, with the majority associated with angiogenesis (28%), apoptosis (28%), and cell adhesion (22%) pathways. Remarkable overexpression of the MMP1 (matrix metalloproteinase 1) gene in the endothelial progenitor cells of all SCA patients with stroke (fold change: 204.64; P=0.0004) was observed. Conclusions Our results strongly suggest that angiogenesis is an important process in sickle cell stroke, and differences in the gene expression profile of endothelial cell biology, especially MMP1, may be related to stroke in SCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta T Ito
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sueli M da Silva Costa
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Letícia C Baptista
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Vinicius M Rios
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Roberta C Saez
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Karla P Vieira
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Neuroimaging Laboratory Department of Neurology University of Campinas, UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Margareth C Ozelo
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sara Teresinha O Saad
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fernando F Costa
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mônica B Melo
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering University of Campinas-UNICAMP Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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164
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IBTK Haploinsufficiency Affects the Tumor Microenvironment of Myc-Driven Lymphoma in E-myc Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030885. [PMID: 32019112 PMCID: PMC7038122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a dynamic and interactive supporting network of various components, including blood vessels, cytokines, chemokines, and immune cells, which sustain the tumor cell’s survival and growth. Murine models of lymphoma are useful to study tumor biology, the microenvironment, and mechanisms of response to therapy. Lymphomas are heterogeneous hematologic malignancies, and the complex microenvironment from which they arise and their multifaceted genetic basis represents a challenge for the generation and use of an appropriate murine model. So, it is important to choose the correct methodology. Recently, we supported the first evidence on the pro-oncogenic action of IBTK in Myc-driven B cell lymphomagenesis in mice, inhibiting apoptosis in the pre-cancerous stage. We used the transgenic Eμ-myc mouse model of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Ibtk hemizygous mice to evaluate the tumor development of Myc-driven lymphoma. Here, we report that the allelic loss of Ibtk alters the immunophenotype of Myc-driven B cell lymphomas, increasing the rate of pre-B cells and affecting the tumor microenvironment in Eμ-myc mice. In particular, we observed enhanced tumor angiogenesis, increasing pro-angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors, such as VEGF, MMP-9, CCL2, and VEGFD, and a significant recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages in lymphomas of Ibtk+/-Eμ-myc compared to Ibtk+/+Eμ-myc mice. In summary, these results indicate that IBTK haploinsufficiency promotes Myc tumor development by modifying the tumor microenvironment.
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165
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Wang Z, Zhao Y, An Z, Li W. Molecular Links Between Angiogenesis and Neuroendocrine Phenotypes in Prostate Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1491. [PMID: 32039001 PMCID: PMC6985539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common therapy for prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is effective for the majority of patients. However, prolonged ADT promotes drug resistance and progression to an aggressive variant with reduced androgen receptor signaling, so called neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Until present, NEPC is still poorly understood, and lethal with no effective treatments. Elevated expression of neuroendocrine related markers and increased angiogenesis are two prominent phenotypes of NEPC, and both of them are positively associated with cancers progression. However, direct molecular links between the two phenotypes in NEPC and their mechanisms remain largely unclear. Their elucidation should substantially expand our knowledge in NEPC. This knowledge, in turn, would facilitate the development of effective NEPC treatments. We recently showed that a single critical pathway regulates both ADT-enhanced angiogenesis and elevated expression of neuroendocrine markers. This pathway consists of CREB1, EZH2, and TSP1. Here, we seek new insights to identify molecules common to pathways promoting angiogenesis and neuroendocrine phenotypes in prostate cancer. To this end, our focus is to summarize the literature on proteins reported to regulate both neuroendocrine marker expression and angiogenesis as potential molecular links. These proteins, often described in separate biological contexts or diseases, include AURKA and AURKB, CHGA, CREB1, EZH2, FOXA2, GRK3, HIF1, IL-6, MYCN, ONECUT2, p53, RET, and RB1. We also present the current efforts in prostate cancer or other diseases to target some of these proteins, which warrants testing for NEPC, given the urgent unmet need in treating this aggressive variant of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wenliang Li
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS), Houston, TX, United States
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Kiczmer P, Seńkowska AP, Kula A, Dawidowicz M, Strzelczyk JK, Zajdel EN, Walkiewicz K, Waniczek D, Ostrowska Z, Świętochowska E. Assessment of CMKLR1 level in colorectal cancer and its correlation with angiogenic markers. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 113:104377. [PMID: 31926977 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common malignant neoplasm in men and third in women. It is also the third leading cause of cancer-related death, killing annually >700,000 patients in the world. The global burden of CRC is expected to increase by 60% to >2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths by 2030. The pathogenesis of cancer mainly depends on angiogenesis. This process plays a key role in the growth and infiltration of tumors which is essential for distant metastases. A large number of biochemical pathways is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. As a subject of our study, we chose chemerin/chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) pathway which is responsible for the angiogenic processes in malignant neoplasms. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the CMKLR1 level and the concentrations of the two markers of angiogenesis, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, in tumor and margin tissues of CRC in relation to histological grade and TNM classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study used 47 samples of tumor and margin tissues derived from CRC patients. To determine the concentration of CMKLR1, MMP-9, and VCAM-1, we used the commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. RESULTS We found a significantly higher concentration of CMKLR1 and MMP-9 in tumor tissue compared to margin. There was no difference in VCAM-1 concentration between tumor and margin. The margin concentration of CMKLR1 was significantly correlated with that of both MMP-9 and VCAM-1. The margin concentration of VCAM-1 was correlated with that of MMP-9. Additionally, we observed that the tumor levels of CMKLR1 and MMP-9 were positively correlated with the tumor size (T parameter). CONCLUSION CMKLR1 activity may be associated with the angiogenic process in CRC via MMP-9 activity. Further research, involving a larger sample, may verify whether chemerin/CMKLR1 axis could be considered as a suitable target in novel molecular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kiczmer
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Alicja Prawdzic Seńkowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kula
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
| | - Miriam Dawidowicz
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowakowska Zajdel
- Department of Nutrition Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Walkiewicz
- Department of Nutrition Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Waniczek
- Department of Surgical Nursing and Surgery Propedeutics, General, Colorectal and Trauma Surgery, SHS in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zofia Ostrowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Świętochowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
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Quintero-Fabián S, Arreola R, Becerril-Villanueva E, Torres-Romero JC, Arana-Argáez V, Lara-Riegos J, Ramírez-Camacho MA, Alvarez-Sánchez ME. Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Angiogenesis and Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1370. [PMID: 31921634 PMCID: PMC6915110 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During angiogenesis, new vessels emerge from existing endothelial lined vessels to promote the degradation of the vascular basement membrane and remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM), followed by endothelial cell migration, and proliferation and the new generation of matrix components. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in the disruption, tumor neovascularization, and subsequent metastasis while tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) downregulate the activity of these MMPs. Then, the angiogenic response can be directly or indirectly mediated by MMPs through the modulation of the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. This review analyzes recent knowledge on MMPs and their participation in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saray Quintero-Fabián
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Military School of Graduate of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Arreola
- Psychiatric Genetics Department, National Institute of Psychiatry "Ramón de la Fuente", Clinical Research Branch, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Julio César Torres-Romero
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - Victor Arana-Argáez
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Julio Lara-Riegos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
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Diagnostic Cytokines and Comparative Analysis Secreted from Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth, Dental Pulp, and Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Functional Cell-Based Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235900. [PMID: 31771293 PMCID: PMC6928984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to clarify the distinctive features of stem cells for effective cell-based therapy strategies in regenerative medicine. The expression levels of cytokines secreted from stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were examined to identify the details of their characteristics. A total of 174 cytokines were analyzed using cytokine antibody array, and their expression levels were confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These results indicated that 11 cytokines that were related to tissue regeneration, including growth factors, chemokines, and inflammatory cytokines, were identical in SHED, DPSCs, and BMMSCs. The comparative analyses between SHED and BMMSCs revealed that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), matrix metalloproteinase-3, and stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1) were expressed 6.7-, 2.5-, and 2.1-fold higher, respectively, in SHEDs. HGF was also expressed 3.4-fold higher in DPSCs than BMMSCs. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and-3 were expressed more strongly in BMMSCs. SHED contained significantly higher SDF-1 levels than DPSCs. The distinct cytokine secretion indicated that they had different character besides basic MSC features. This knowledge of diagnostic cytokines analysis secreted from SHED, DPSCs, and BMMSCs extends our understanding, and can provide a novel therapeutic paradigm shift for functional cell-based therapy.
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169
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Transcription Factor Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) as a Potential Angiogenic Regulator of Follicular Thyroid Cancer Dissemination. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225619. [PMID: 31717665 PMCID: PMC6888435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that Prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) is a crucial regulator of lymphangiogenesis, that reprograms blood endothelial cells to lymphatic phenotype. However, the role of PROX1 in tumor progression, especially in angiogenesis remains controversial. Herein, we studied the role of PROX1 in angiogenesis in cell lines derived from follicular thyroid cancer (FTC: FTC-133) and squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland (SCT: CGTH-W-1) upon PROX1 knockdown. The genes involved in angiogenesis were selected by RNA-seq, and the impact of PROX1 on vascularization potential was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in conditioned medium collected from FTC- or SCT-derived cancer cell lines after PROX1 silencing. The angiogenic phenotype was examined in connection with the analysis of focal adhesion and correlated with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) levels. Additionally, the expression of selected genes involved in angiogenesis was detected in human FTC tissues. As a result, we demonstrated that PROX1 knockdown resulted in upregulation of factors associated with vascularization, such as metalloproteinases (MMP1 and 3), FGF2, vascular endothelial growth factors C (VEGFC), BAI1 associated protein 2 (BAIAP2), nudix hydrolase 6 (NUDT6), angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR). The observed molecular changes resulted in the enhanced formation of capillary-like structures by HUVECs and upregulated focal adhesion in FTC-133 and CGTH-W-1 cells. The signature of selected angiogenic genes' expression in a series of FTC specimens varied depending on the case. Interestingly, PROX1 and FGF2 showed opposing expression levels in FTC tissues and seven thyroid tumor-derived cell lines. In summary, our data revealed that PROX1 is involved in the spreading of thyroid cancer cells by regulation of angiogenesis.
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170
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Cui Y, Feng Q, Liu Q, Li H, Song X, Hu Z, Xu Z, Li J, Li M, Zheng W, Li Z, Pan H. Posttranscriptional regulation of MMP‐9 by HuR contributes to IL‐1β‐induced pterygium fibroblast migration and invasion. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5130-5140. [PMID: 31691974 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Hong Cui
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Qing‐Yang Feng
- Department of OphthalmologyGuangdong Women and Children Hospital Guangzhou China
- Institute of Ophthalmology, School of MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Hong‐Yang Li
- Department of OphthalmologyGuangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital Guangzhou China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Red Cross HospitalThe Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Xi‐Ling Song
- Department of Public Health and Preventive MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Zi‐Xuan Hu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhi‐Yi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan University Guangzhou China
- Institute of Ophthalmology, School of MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Jia‐Hui Li
- Department of Public Health and Preventive MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Mei‐Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan University Guangzhou China
- Institute of Ophthalmology, School of MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Wen‐Lin Zheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhi‐Jie Li
- Institute of Ophthalmology, School of MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Hong‐Wei Pan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated HospitalJinan University Guangzhou China
- Institute of Ophthalmology, School of MedicineJinan University Guangzhou China
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171
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Fernando K, Yang HW, Jiang Y, Jeon YJ, Ryu B. Ishige okamurae Extract and Its Constituent Ishophloroglucin A Attenuated In Vitro and In Vivo High Glucose-Induced Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5542. [PMID: 31698871 PMCID: PMC6888214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with vascular complications, such as impaired wound healing and accelerated vascular growth. The different clinical manifestations, such as retinopathy and nephropathy, reveal the severity of enhanced vascular growth known as angiogenesis. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of an extract of Ishige okamurae (IO) and its constituent, Ishophloroglucin A (IPA) on high glucose-induced angiogenesis. A transgenic zebrafish (flk:EGFP) embryo model was used to evaluate vessel growth. The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), gap closure, transwell, and Matrigel® assays were used to analyze the proliferation, migration, and capillary formation of EA.hy926 cells. Moreover, protein expression were determined using western blotting. IO extract and IPA suppressed vessel formation in the transgenic zebrafish (flk:EGFP) embryo. IPA attenuated cell proliferation, cell migration, and capillary-like structure formation in high glucose-treated human vascular endothelial cells. Further, IPA down regulated the expression of high glucose-induced vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and downstream signaling molecule cascade. Overall, the IO extract and IPA exhibited anti-angiogenic effects against high glucose-induced angiogenesis, suggesting their potential for use as therapeutic agents in diabetes-related angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.H.N. Fernando
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea (H.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Hye-Won Yang
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea (H.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yunfei Jiang
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea (H.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea (H.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
| | - BoMi Ryu
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea (H.-W.Y.); (Y.J.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
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Design, synthesis and preliminary bioactivity evaluations of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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173
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Matrix metalloproteinase-9 induces a pro-angiogenic profile in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 520:198-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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174
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Li Y, Ayala-Orozco C, Rauta PR, Krishnan S. The application of nanotechnology in enhancing immunotherapy for cancer treatment: current effects and perspective. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:17157-17178. [PMID: 31531445 PMCID: PMC6778734 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05371a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment modality that suppresses and eliminates tumors by re-activating and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle, and further enhancing the body's anti-tumor immune response. Despite the impressive therapeutic potential of immunotherapy approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines in pre-clinical and clinical applications, the effective response is limited by insufficient accumulation in tumor tissues and severe side-effects. Recent years have witnessed the rise of nanotechnology as a solution to improve these technical weaknesses due to its inherent biophysical properties and multifunctional modifying potential. In this review, we summarized and discussed the current status of nanoparticle-enhanced cancer immunotherapy strategies, including intensified delivery of tumor vaccines and immune adjuvants, immune checkpoint inhibitor vehicles, targeting capacity to tumor-draining lymph nodes and immune cells, triggered releasing and regulating specific tumor microenvironments, and adoptive cell therapy enhancement effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. and Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Ciceron Ayala-Orozco
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Pradipta Ranjan Rauta
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Barbariga M, Vallone F, Mosca E, Bignami F, Magagnotti C, Fonteyne P, Chiappori F, Milanesi L, Rama P, Andolfo A, Ferrari G. The role of extracellular matrix in mouse and human corneal neovascularization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14272. [PMID: 31582785 PMCID: PMC6776511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50718-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal neo-vascularization (CNV) is a highly prevalent medical condition which impairs visual acuity. The role of specific proteins in modulating CNV has been extensively reported, although no studies have described the entire human proteome in CNV corneas. In this paper, we performed a proteomic analysis of vascularized vs healthy corneal stroma, in a CNV mouse model and in CNV-affected patients, with a specific focus on extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We identified and quantified 2315 murine proteins, 691 human proteins and validated 5 proteins which are differentially expressed in vascularized samples and conserved in mice and humans: tenascin-C and fibronectin-1 were upregulated, while decorin, lumican and collagen-VI were downregulated in CNV samples. Interestingly, among CNV patients, those affected with Acanthamoeba keratitis showed the highest levels of fibronectin-1 and tenascin-C, suggesting a specific role of these two proteins in Acanthamoeba driven corneal CNV. On a broader picture, our findings support the hypothesis that the corneal stroma in CNV samples is disorganized and less compact. We are confident that the dissection of the human corneal proteome may shed new light on the complex pathophysiology of human CNV, and finally lead to improved treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barbariga
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Vallone
- ProMiFa, Protein Microsequencing Facility, IRCCS-San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - E Mosca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - F Bignami
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - C Magagnotti
- ProMiFa, Protein Microsequencing Facility, IRCCS-San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P Fonteyne
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - F Chiappori
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - L Milanesi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - P Rama
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - A Andolfo
- ProMiFa, Protein Microsequencing Facility, IRCCS-San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - G Ferrari
- Cornea and Ocular Surface Disease Unit, Eye Repair Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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176
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The Role of Urokinase, Tumor Necrosis Factor, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Monocyte Activation. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:492-495. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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177
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Humenik F, Cizkova D, Cikos S, Luptakova L, Madari A, Mudronova D, Kuricova M, Farbakova J, Spirkova A, Petrovova E, Cente M, Mojzisova Z, Aboulouard S, Murgoci AN, Fournier I, Salzet M. Canine Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Genomics, Proteomics and Functional Analyses of Paracrine Factors. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1824-1835. [PMID: 31285283 PMCID: PMC6731083 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells have become prominent candidates for treating various diseases in veterinary practice. The main goal of our study was therefore to provide a comprehensive study of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) and conditioned media, isolated from healthy adult dogs of different breeds. Under well-defined standardized isolation protocols, the multipotent differentiation and specific surface markers of BMMSC were supplemented with their gene expression, proteomic profile, and their biological function. The presented data confirm that canine BMMSC express important genes for differentiation toward osteo-, chondro-, and tendo-genic directions, but also genes associated with angiogenic, neurotrophic, and immunomodulatory properties. Furthermore, using proteome profiling, we identify for the first time the dynamic release of various bioactive molecules, such as transcription and translation factors and osteogenic, growth, angiogenic, and neurotrophic factors from canine BMMSC conditioned medium. Importantly, the relevant genes were linked to their proteins as detected in the conditioned medium and further associated with angiogenic activity in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. In this way, we show that the canine BMMSC release a variety of bioactive molecules, revealing a strong paracrine component that may possess therapeutic potential in various pathologies. However, extensive experimental or preclinical trials testing canine sources need to be performed in order to better understand their paracrine action, which may lead to novel therapeutic strategies in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Humenik
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Dasa Cizkova
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia; §Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 10, Slovakia; ¶Université Lille, INSERM, U1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Stefan Cikos
- ‖Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice 04001, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Luptakova
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Aladar Madari
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Mudronova
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Maria Kuricova
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Jana Farbakova
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Alexandra Spirkova
- ‖Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4-6, Košice 04001, Slovakia
| | - Eva Petrovova
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Martin Cente
- §Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 10, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Mojzisova
- ‡University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, Košice 041 81, Slovakia
| | - Soulaimane Aboulouard
- ¶Université Lille, INSERM, U1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Adriana-Natalia Murgoci
- §Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 10, Slovakia; ¶Université Lille, INSERM, U1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Fournier
- ¶Université Lille, INSERM, U1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Michel Salzet
- ¶Université Lille, INSERM, U1192 - Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire et Spectrométrie de Masse-PRISM, F-59000 Lille, France.
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178
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An L, Gaowa S, Cheng H, Hou M. Long-Term Outcomes Comparison of Endoscopic Resection With Gastrectomy for Treatment of Early Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:725. [PMID: 31440467 PMCID: PMC6693408 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endoscopic resection (ER) and gastrectomy have been both accepted as curative treatments for early gastric cancer. We intended to compare ER with gastrectomy treatments on safety of patients, disease-free survival and overall survival for early gastric cancer through this systematic review. Methods: A literature search was performed in Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies that have compared ER with gastrectomy for early gastric cancer were included in this meta-analysis. We searched for clinical studies published before March 2019. Stata 12.0 software was used for systematic analysis. Results: Nine studies were included in this systematic review, ER treatment was associated with a shorter length of stay (WMD = -8.53, 95% CI -11.56 to -5.49), fewer postoperative complications (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.34-0.65). ER can be performed safely with shorter hospital stay and fewer postoperative complications than gastrectomy. Recurrence rate was higher for ER than for gastrectomy treatment (HR = 3.56, 95% CI 1.86-6.84), mainly because metachronous gastric cancers developed only in the ER treatment. However, most of the metachronous gastric cancers could be curatively treated with ER again, and it didn't affect overall survival of patients with early gastric cancer. There was no difference in overall survival rate between ER and gastrectomy (HR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.63-1.13). Conclusions: ER and gastrectomy are both acceptable for curative treatment of early gastric cancer. However, due to the comparable overall survival and lower postoperative complications and shorter length of stay, ER is better than gastrectomy for early gastric cancer, who met the indication for ER treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang An
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Sharen Gaowa
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Haidong Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Mingxing Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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179
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Lermant A, Murdoch CE. Cysteine Glutathionylation Acts as a Redox Switch in Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E315. [PMID: 31426416 PMCID: PMC6720164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTM) of receptors, enzymes, ion channels and transcription factors play an important role in cell signaling. oxPTMs are a key way in which oxidative stress can influence cell behavior during diverse pathological settings such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, neurodegeneration and inflammatory response. In addition, changes in oxPTM are likely to be ways in which low level reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) may contribute to redox signaling, exerting changes in physiological responses including angiogenesis, cardiac remodeling and embryogenesis. Among oxPTM, S-glutathionylation of reactive cysteines emerges as an important regulator of vascular homeostasis by modulating endothelial cell (EC) responses to their local redox environment. This review summarizes the latest findings of S-glutathionylated proteins in major EC pathways, and the functional consequences on vascular pathophysiology. This review highlights the diversity of molecules affected by S-glutathionylation, and the complex consequences on EC function, thereby demonstrating an intricate dual role of RONS-induced S-glutathionylation in maintaining vascular homeostasis and participating in various pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Lermant
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Colin E Murdoch
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland DD1 9SY, UK.
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180
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Matrix Metalloproteinase in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12030118. [PMID: 31390798 PMCID: PMC6789891 DOI: 10.3390/ph12030118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) affects 4–5% of men over 65, and Aortic Dissection (AD) is a life-threatening aortic pathology associated with high morbidity and mortality. Initiators of AAA and AD include smoking and arterial hypertension, whilst key pathophysiological features of AAA and AD include chronic inflammation, hypoxia, and large modifications to the extra cellular matrix (ECM). As it stands, only surgical methods are available for preventing aortic rupture in patients, which often presents difficulties for recovery. No pharmacological treatment is available, as such researchers are attempting to understand the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of AAA and AD. Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, has been identified as a key event occurring during aneurysmal growth. As such, several animal models of AAA and AD have been used to investigate the therapeutic potential of suppressing MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity as well as modulating the activity of other MMPs, and TIMPs involved in the pathology. Whilst several studies have offered promising results, targeted delivery of MMP inhibition still needs to be developed in order to avoid surgery in high risk patients.
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181
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Park GH, Shin HS, Choi ES, Yoon BS, Choi MH, Lee SJ, Lee KE, Lee JS, Hong JM. Cranial burr hole with erythropoietin administration induces reverse arteriogenesis from the enriched extracranium. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 132:104538. [PMID: 31344491 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is challenging to revitalize ischemic penumbra after an acute stroke with intracranial perfusion insufficiency. To evaluate whether cranial burr hole and erythropoietin (EPO) generate effective revascularization, we investigated the efficacy of the augmentation method for reverse arteriogenesis from the healthy extracranial milieu. An intracranial perfusion insufficiency was created through bilateral internal carotid artery ligation (bICAL) in Sprague-Dawley rats. We administered recombinant human EPO (5000 U/kg) or saline intraperitoneally for 3 days after bICAL. Mechanical barrier disruption (MBD) was performed through a cranial burr hole with small dural cracks in the right hemisphere. The ipsilateral hemisphere with MBD grossly showed vascular networks between the extra- and intra-cranial spaces 2 weeks after the MBD procedure. It also showed significantly increased vessels in the intracranial vasculature adjacent to the MBD region (p = 0.0006). The levels of pro-angiogenic and inflammatory factors with prominent markers of vessel permeability were also significantly increased (MBD-only vs. control; Tnf-α, p = 0.0007; Vegf, p = 0.0206). In the EPO-administered group, such elevations in inflammation were significantly mitigated (combined vs. MBD-only; Tnf-α, p = 0.0008). The ipsilateral hemisphere with MBD-EPO (vs. MBD-only) showed significantly increased vessels (RECA-1, p = 0.0182) and their maturation (RECA-1/α-SMA, p = 0.0046), with upregulation of tumor growth factor-β1 (Tgf-β1, p = 0.037) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (Mmp-2, p = 0.0488). These findings were completely blocked by minocycline (MIC) administration during in vivo (Tgf-β1, p = 0.0009; Mmp-2, p < 0.0001) and in vitro experiments (tube formation, p < 0.0001). Our data suggest that the MBD procedure (for angiogenic routes) and EPO administration (for an arteriogenic booster) are complimentary and can facilitate successfully "reverse arteriogenesis" in subjects with intracranial perfusion insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun Hwa Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hee Sun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun Sil Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Bok Seon Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Mun Hee Choi
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Lee
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Eon Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University School of Pharmacy, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ji Man Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea.
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182
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Cunningham BW, Seiber B, Riggleman JR, Van Horn MR, Bhat A. An investigational study of a dual-layer, chorion-free amnion patch as a protective barrier following lumbar laminectomy in a sheep model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1664-1671. [PMID: 31243876 DOI: 10.1002/term.2920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The inherent properties of the human amniotic membrane (HAM) suggest its potential for use as a physical barrier during surgery to protect neural elements and vessels from the surrounding environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a dual-layer, chorion-free amnion patch (DLAM; ViaShield®, Globus Medical Inc., Audubon, PA, USA) processed from HAM as a protective barrier following lumbar laminectomy in a sheep model. A multiplex immunoassay was performed to quantify the inherent cytokines present in the amnion after processing. Twelve skeletally mature female crossbred Suffolk sheep were randomly divided into two equal post-operative periods (4 and 10 weeks). Each sheep underwent a laminectomy at L3 and L5, and one of the surgical sites randomly received the DLAM treatment. At each postsurgical time point, the extent of epidural fibrosis and neurohistopathological responses at the laminectomy sites was assessed based on epidural fibrosis-dura tenacity scores and decalcified histology, respectively. Immunoassay results showed that inflammatory mediators and immunomodulatory cytokines were present in the amnion after processing, but no proangiogenic cytokines were detected. At 10 weeks, tissue tenacity was significantly less in the DLAM treatment group when compared with the operative control (1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.4, p < 0.05), demonstrating the ability of DLAM to act as a barrier and cover the dura. Gross observations showed fewer fibroblasts in the DLAM group in comparison with the control at both post-operative time points. Fibroblast infiltration analysis indicated that at both 4 and 10 weeks, there were significantly more infiltrated fibroblasts in the operative control sites than in the DLAM-treated sites, expressed as a percentage of the total number of fibroblasts present (4 weeks: 72.3 ± 10.2% vs. 10.8 ± 10.1%, p < .05; 10 weeks: 84.9 ± 15.8% vs. 43.1 ± 11.6%, p < .05). Additionally, fibroblasts travelled further into the dura in the operative control group compared with the DLAM-treated group at both time points. In conclusion, this study found that DLAM reduced fibroblast infiltration and tissue tenacity following lumbar laminectomy in a sheep animal model. These findings support the potential use of DLAM in clinical practice as a protective barrier for neural elements and anterior vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan W Cunningham
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Breanna Seiber
- Product Development, Globus Medical Inc., Audubon, PA, USA
| | - Jessica R Riggleman
- Musculoskeletal Education and Research Center, Globus Medical Inc., Audubon, PA, USA
| | - Margaret R Van Horn
- Musculoskeletal Education and Research Center, Globus Medical Inc., Audubon, PA, USA
| | - Archana Bhat
- Product Development, Globus Medical Inc., Audubon, PA, USA
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183
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Lu H, Bhat AA, Peng D, Chen Z, Zhu S, Hong J, Maacha S, Yan J, Robbins DJ, Washington MK, Belkhiri A, El-Rifai W. APE1 Upregulates MMP-14 via Redox-Sensitive ARF6-Mediated Recycling to Promote Cell Invasion of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4426-4438. [PMID: 31308045 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor clinical outcome. The incidence of EAC has been rising rapidly in the past three decades. Here, we showed that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) is overexpressed in EAC cell lines, and patients' samples of dysplasia and EAC. Downregulation of APE1 or inhibition of its redox function significantly repressed invasion. Overexpression of a redox-defective mutant, C65A, abrogated the proinvasive phenotype of APE1. APE1 regulated invasion via upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14), which subsequently activated MMP-2, leading to degradation of the extracellular matrix in a redox-dependent manner. Downregulation of APE1 or inhibition of its redox function decreased the rate of endocytosis and recycling of MMP-14 protein. APE1 interacted with ARF6, a key regulator of MMP-14 recycling, which maintained ARF6 activity in an APE1-redox-dependent manner, promoting its ability to regulate MMP-14 recycling to the cell surface. In summary, these findings identify a novel redox-sensitive APE1-ARF6-MMP-14 signaling axis that mediates cellular invasion in esophageal carcinogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates the association between oxidative stress and the development and metastatic behavior of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Division of Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, Florida
| | - Shoumin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jun Hong
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Selma Maacha
- Division of Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jin Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangshu, China
| | - David J Robbins
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - M Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Abbes Belkhiri
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida. .,Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, Florida.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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184
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Rivera-Soto R, Damania B. Modulation of Angiogenic Processes by the Human Gammaherpesviruses, Epstein-Barr Virus and Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1544. [PMID: 31354653 PMCID: PMC6640166 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the biological process by which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing vessels. It is considered one of the classic hallmarks of cancer, as pathological angiogenesis provides oxygen and essential nutrients to growing tumors. Two of the seven known human oncoviruses, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), belong to the Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily. Both viruses are associated with several malignancies including lymphomas, nasopharyngeal carcinomas, and Kaposi’s sarcoma. The viral genomes code for a plethora of viral factors, including proteins and non-coding RNAs, some of which have been shown to deregulate angiogenic pathways and promote tumor growth. In this review, we discuss the ability of both viruses to modulate the pro-angiogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rivera-Soto
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Blossom Damania
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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185
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Wieczór R, Wieczór AM, Kulwas A, Pulkowski G, Budzyński J, Rość D. Coexistence of proangiogenic potential and increased MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 levels in the plasma of patients with critical limb ischemia. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 20:687-692. [PMID: 31273966 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1800373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the angiogenic potential expressed as a quotient of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), as an indicator of proangiogenic activity, and the circulating receptors (soluble VEGF receptor protein R1 (sVEGFR-1) and sVEGFR-2), as indicators of the effect of angiogenic inhibition, depending on the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2 in the plasma of patients with lower extremity artery disease (LEAD). These blood parameters in patients with intermittent claudication (IC) and critical limb ischemia (CLI) were compared for select clinical and biochemical features. Stimulation of angiogenesis in the plasma of individuals with LEAD was evident as indicated by the significant increase in VEGF-A concentration along with reduced inhibition depending on circulating receptors sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2. Critical ischemia was associated with higher VEGF-A, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 concentrations than in the case of IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Wieczór
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-094, Poland.,Clinic of Vascular and Internal Medicine, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-168, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Wieczór
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-094, Poland
| | - Arleta Kulwas
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-094, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Pulkowski
- Clinic of Vascular and Internal Medicine, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-168, Poland
| | - Jacek Budzyński
- Clinic of Vascular and Internal Medicine, Dr Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2 in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-168, Poland.,Department of Vascular and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-168, Poland
| | - Danuta Rość
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz PL 85-094, Poland
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186
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Kanda H, Shimamura R, Koizumi-Kitajima M, Okano H. Degradation of Extracellular Matrix by Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Is Essential for the Establishment of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Drosophila. iScience 2019; 16:218-229. [PMID: 31195239 PMCID: PMC6562144 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an essential system that isolates the central nervous system from the internal environment. Increasing evidence has begun to reveal the molecules that are required for BBB integrity. However, how these components are regulated remains unclear. Here we report that a matrix metalloproteinase, Mmp2, is essential for the establishment of the BBB in Drosophila. In the absence of mmp2, the BBB becomes leaky, which allows the tracer to penetrate the brain. Moreover, the expression pattern of a junctional component, Neuroglian, is altered. We also find that the regulation of the amounts of particular extracellular matrix components is critical for BBB establishment. Furthermore, the process of mesenchymal-epithelial transition of BBB-forming cells is perturbed in the absence of Mmp2. These data indicate that the presence of Mmp(s), which is typically considered to be a risk factor for BBB degradation, is essential for BBB integrity in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kanda
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Rieko Shimamura
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Michiko Koizumi-Kitajima
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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187
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Hiroyasu S, Turner CT, Richardson KC, Granville DJ. Proteases in Pemphigoid Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1454. [PMID: 31297118 PMCID: PMC6607946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemphigoid diseases are a subgroup of autoimmune skin diseases characterized by widespread tense blisters. Standard of care typically involves immunosuppressive treatments, which may be insufficient and are often associated with significant adverse events. As such, a deeper understanding of the pathomechanism(s) of pemphigoid diseases is necessary in order to identify improved therapeutic approaches. A major initiator of pemphigoid diseases is the accumulation of autoantibodies against proteins at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), followed by protease activation at the lesion. The contribution of proteases to pemphigoid disease pathogenesis has been investigated using a combination of in vitro and in vivo models. These studies suggest proteolytic degradation of anchoring proteins proximal to the DEJ is crucial for dermal-epidermal separation and blister formation. In addition, proteases can also augment inflammation, expose autoantigenic cryptic epitopes, and/or provoke autoantigen spreading, which are all important in pemphigoid disease pathology. The present review summarizes and critically evaluates the current understanding with respect to the role of proteases in pemphigoid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Hiroyasu
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher T. Turner
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Katlyn C. Richardson
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David J. Granville
- International Collaboration On Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Professional Firefighters' Burn and Wound Healing Group, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada
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188
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Fischer T, Riedl R. Inhibitory Antibodies Designed for Matrix Metalloproteinase Modulation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122265. [PMID: 31216704 PMCID: PMC6631688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) consists of a set of biological targets that are involved in a multitude of severe pathogenic events such as different forms of cancers or arthritis. Modulation of the target class with small molecule drugs has not led to the anticipated success until present, as all clinical trials failed due to unacceptable side effects or a lack of therapeutic outcome. Monoclonal antibodies offer a tremendous therapeutic potential given their high target selectivity and good pharmacokinetic profiles. For the treatment of a variety of diseases there are already antibody therapies available and the number is increasing. Recently, several antibodies were developed for the selective inhibition of single MMPs that showed high potency and were therefore investigated in in vivo studies with promising results. In this review, we highlight the progress that has been achieved toward the design of inhibitory antibodies that successfully modulate MMP-9 and MMP-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
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189
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Lu H, Sun J, Liang W, Zhang J, Rom O, Garcia-Barrio MT, Li S, Villacorta L, Schopfer FJ, Freeman BA, Chen YE, Fan Y. Novel gene regulatory networks identified in response to nitro-conjugated linoleic acid in human endothelial cells. Physiol Genomics 2019; 51:224-233. [PMID: 31074702 PMCID: PMC6620647 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00127.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a crucial initiation event in the development of atherosclerosis and is associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and heart failure. Both digestive and oxidative inflammatory conditions lead to the endogenous formation of nitrated derivatives of unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) upon generation of the proximal nitrating species nitrogen dioxide (·NO2) by nitric oxide (·NO) and nitrite-dependent reactions. Nitro-FAs (NO2-FAs) such as nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) and nitro-linoleic acid (NO2-LA) potently inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress, regulate cellular functions, and maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. Recently, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was identified as the preferential FA substrate of nitration in vivo. However, the functions of nitro-CLA (NO2-CLA) in ECs remain to be explored. In the present study, a distinct transcriptome regulated by NO2-CLA was revealed in primary human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) through RNA sequencing. Differential gene expression and pathway enrichment analysis identified numerous regulatory networks including those related to the modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, cell cycle, and hypoxic responses by NO2-CLA, suggesting a diverse impact of NO2-CLA and other electrophilic nitrated FAs on cellular processes. These findings extend the understanding of the protective actions of NO2-CLA in cardiovascular diseases and provide new insight into the underlying mechanisms that mediate the pleiotropic cellular responses to NO2-CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Lu
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jinjian Sun
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Wenying Liang
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Oren Rom
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Minerva T Garcia-Barrio
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shengdi Li
- Genome Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Luis Villacorta
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bruce A Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yanbo Fan
- Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center , Ann Arbor, Michigan
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190
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Wallace RM, Hart ML, Egen TE, Schmelzle A, Smith MF, Pohler KG, Green JA. Bovine pregnancy associated glycoproteins can alter selected transcripts in bovine endometrial explants. Theriogenology 2019; 131:123-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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191
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Eiro N, Gonzalez LO, Fraile M, Cid S, Schneider J, Vizoso FJ. Breast Cancer Tumor Stroma: Cellular Components, Phenotypic Heterogeneity, Intercellular Communication, Prognostic Implications and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050664. [PMID: 31086100 PMCID: PMC6562436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the mechanisms underlying the genesis and progression of breast cancer are better understood than ever, it is still the most frequent malignant tumor in women and one of the leading causes of cancer death. Therefore, we need to establish new approaches that lead us to better understand the prognosis of this heterogeneous systemic disease and to propose new therapeutic strategies. Cancer is not only a malignant transformation of the epithelial cells merely based on their autonomous or acquired proliferative capacity. Today, data support the concept of cancer as an ecosystem based on a cellular sociology, with diverse components and complex interactions between them. Among the different cell types that make up the stroma, which have a relevant role in the dynamics of tumor/stromal cell interactions, the main ones are cancer associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells and mesenchymal stromal cells. Several factors expressed by the stroma of breast carcinomas are associated with the development of metastasis, such as matrix metalloproteases, their tissular inhibitors or some of their regulators like integrins, cytokines or toll-like receptors. Based on the expression of these factors, two types of breast cancer stroma can be proposed with significantly different influence on the prognosis of patients. In addition, there is evidence about the existence of bi-directional signals between cancer cells and tumor stroma cells with prognostic implications, suggesting new therapeutic strategies in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Eiro
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Avda. Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain.
| | - Luis O Gonzalez
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Avda. Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain.
| | - María Fraile
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Avda. Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain.
| | - Sandra Cid
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Avda. Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain.
| | - Jose Schneider
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Vizoso
- Research Unit, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Avda. Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain.
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Avda. Eduardo Castro, 161, 33290 Gijón, Spain.
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192
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L-securinine inhibits cell growth and metastasis of human androgen-independent prostate cancer DU145 cells via regulating mitochondrial and AGTR1/MEK/ERK/STAT3/PAX2 apoptotic pathways. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190469. [PMID: 30975734 PMCID: PMC6509055 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the anticancer effect of L-securinine on androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) DU145 cells. L-securinine (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) treatment for 24, 48 and 72 h displayed strong growth inhibitory effect on DU145 cells in a concentration and time-dependent fashion but has less toxicity toward normal androgen-dependent LNCaP cells. Hoechst 332582 staining of DU145 cells and Annexin V-FITC/ PI dual-labeling followed by flow cytometry assay identified that this growth inhibition by L-securinine would be due to the induction of apoptosis. Moreover Transwell assay revealed that L-securinine significantly inhibited the cell migration/invasion ability of DU145 cells. Furthermore, results of western blotting showed that the involvement of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in the L-securinine-induced apoptosis of DU145 cell, as evidenced by an increase in the protein expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, cytosolic cytochrome c, and cleaved PARP, together with a unchanged cleaved caspase-8 and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression. Also, L-securinine-induced antimetastatic activity in DU145 cells was associated with decreased protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and concurrent reduction of VEGF. In addition, further studies revealed that L-securinine may inhibit the protein expression of AGTR1, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-STAT3, PAX2, and p-PAX2, while the expression of ERK1/2, MEK1/2, and STAT3 protein retains intact. These findings suggest that L-securinine may be a promising chemopreventive agent against AIPC.
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193
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Burduk PK, Sawicki P, Szylberg L, Bodnar M, Marszalek A. Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2/9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/2 as Predictive Factors in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2019; 31:153-161. [PMID: 31223594 PMCID: PMC6556742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors play an important role in the metastases formation. A multistage process of carcinogenesis requires the involvement of numerous enzymes and compounds that facilitate the expansion of tumor cells. The formation of metastases depends on both metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors activation leading to the activation of neoangiogenesis. The changes of the expression in stromal and tumor proteins could be prognostic factors in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on a total of 34 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx divided into 2 groups, including 20 patients with neck metastasis and 14 patients without lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemistry was performed with a standard protocol. RESULTS The results of the present analysis indicated a higher expression of metalloproteinases 2 in the stroma than in tumor with increasing tumor grade. The dynamics of changes in the expression of metalloproteinases showed the increase in metalloproteinases 2 and the decrease in metalloproteinases 9 depending on the tumor size. Dynamics of changes in the expression of tissue inhibitor 1 in the tumor stroma significantly increased with the tumor stage. In the assessment of nodal staging from N0 to N3, the expression of tissue inhibitor 1 and 2 were higher in the tumor tissues. The increase of metalloproteinases 2, tissue inhibitor 1 in the tumor, and metalloproteinases 9 in the stroma were characterized by a reduction in the odds ratio of patient's survival. CONCLUSION The complex evaluation of the expression of metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors may be used for the prognosis of the patient's survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel-Krzysztof Burduk
- Department of Otolaryngology,Oncology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.,Corresponding Author: Department of Otolaryngology, Oncology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Kornela Ujejskiego 75 Str. 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland. Tell: +48 603749493, E-mail:
| | | | - Lukasz Szylberg
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology Collegium Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences and Greater Poland Oncology Center, Poznan, Poland.
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194
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Abstract
Natural and nonnatural amino acids represent important building blocks for the development of peptidomimetic scaffolds, especially for targeting proteolytic enzymes and for addressing protein–protein interactions. Among all the different amino acids derivatives, proline is particularly relevant in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry due to its secondary structure’s inducing and stabilizing properties. Also, the pyrrolidine ring is a conformationally constrained template that can direct appendages into specific clefts of the enzyme binding site. Thus, many papers have appeared in the literature focusing on the use of proline and its derivatives as scaffolds for medicinal chemistry applications. In this review paper, an insight into the different biological outcomes of d-proline and l-proline in enzyme inhibitors is presented, especially when associated with matrix metalloprotease and metallo-β-lactamase enzymes.
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195
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Zhang Q, Zhou M, Wu X, Li Z, Liu B, Gao W, Yue J, Liu T. Promoting therapeutic angiogenesis of focal cerebral ischemia using thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) gene-modified bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in a rat model. J Transl Med 2019; 17:111. [PMID: 30947736 PMCID: PMC6449913 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1845-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A stroke caused by angiostenosis always has a poor prognosis. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) are widely applied in vascular regeneration. Recently, thrombospondin-4 (TSP4) was reported to promote the regeneration of blood vessels and enhance the function of endothelial cells in angiogenesis. In this work, we observed the therapeutic effect of TSP4-overexpressing BMSCs on angiogenesis post-stroke. Methods We subcloned the tsp4 gene into a lentivirus expression vector system and harvested the tsp4 lentivirus using 293FT cells. Primary BMSCs were then successfully infected by the tsp4 virus, and overexpression of GFP-fused TSP4 was confirmed by both western blot and immunofluorescence. In vitro, TSP4-overexpressing BMSCs and wild-type BMSCs were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The expression level of TSP4, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Wound healing, tube formation and an arterial ring test were performed to estimate the ability of TSP4-overexpressing BMSCs to promote the angiogenesis of endothelial cells. Using a rat permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, the effect of TSP4-overexpressing BMSCs on the regeneration of blood vessels was systematically tested by the neurological function score, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining assays. Results Our results demonstrated that TSP4-overexpressing BMSCs largely increased the expression of VEGF, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP9), matrix metalloprotein 2 (MMP2) and p-Cdc42/Rac1 in endothelial cells. TSP4-BMSC treatment notably up-regulated the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway in HUVECs. In vivo, the TSP4-BMSC infusion improved the neurological function score of MCAO rats and expanded the expression of the von Willebrand factor (vWF), Ang-1, MMP2 and MMP9 proteins in cerebral ischemic penumbra. Conclusions Our data illustrate that TSP4-BMSCs can promote the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells and tube formation. We found that TSP4-BMSC infusion can promote the recovery of neural function post-stroke. The tsp4 gene-modified BMSCs provides a better therapeutic effect than that of wild-type BMSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1845-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfeng Wu
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Li
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Gao
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Yue
- The 230th Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Dandong, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518001, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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196
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Rahma OE, Hodi FS. The Intersection between Tumor Angiogenesis and Immune Suppression. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5449-5457. [PMID: 30944124 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and antiangiogenesis agents have changed the landscape of cancer treatment in the modern era. While antiangiogenesis agents have demonstrated activities in tumors with high vascularization, including renal cell carcinoma and colorectal cancer, the effect of ICIs has been seen mainly in immunologically recognized tumors, with highly immune-infiltrative lymphocytes. The main challenge in the drug development of ICIs is moving their activities to noninflamed tumors and overcoming resistance that is driven, in part, by the immune-suppressive microenvironment. Angiogenesis factors drive immune suppression by directly suppressing the antigen-presenting cells as well as immune effector cells or through augmenting the effect of regulatory T cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Those suppressive immune cells can also drive angiogenesis, creating a vicious cycle of impaired immune activation. The combination of bevacizumab and ipilimumab was the first to show the promising effect of antiangiogenesis and ICIs. A plethora of similar combinations has entered the clinic since then, confirming the promising effects of such approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama E Rahma
- Center for Immune-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Center for Immune-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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197
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Evaluation of Cyclosaplin Efficacy Using a Silk Based 3D Tumor Model. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040123. [PMID: 30925799 PMCID: PMC6523308 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of novel anti-cancer peptides requires a rapid screening process which can be accelerated by using appropriate in vitro tumor models. Breast carcinoma tissue is a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment, which contains a hypoxic center surrounded by dense proliferative tissue. Biochemical clues provided by such a 3D cell mass cannot be recapitulated in conventional 2D culture systems. In this experiment, we evaluate the efficacy of the sandalwood peptide, cyclosaplin, on an established in vitro 3D silk breast cancer model using the invasive MDA-MB-231 cell line. The anti-proliferative effect of the peptide on the 3D silk tumor model is monitored by alamarBlue assay, with conventional 2D culture as control. The proliferation rate, glucose consumed, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) activity of human breast cancer cells are higher in 3D constructs compared to 2D. A higher concentration of drug is required to achieve 50% cell death in 3D culture than in 2D culture. The cyclosaplin treated MDA-MB-231 cells showed a significant decrease in MMP-9 activity in 3D constructs. Microscopic analysis revealed the formation of cell clusters evenly distributed in the scaffolds. The drug treated cells were less in number, smaller and showed unusual morphology. Overall, these findings indicate the role of cyclosaplin as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic.
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198
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Xie X, Zhang Y, Li F, Lv T, Li Z, Chen H, Jia L, Gao Y. Challenges and Opportunities from Basic Cancer Biology for Nanomedicine for Targeted Drug Delivery. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 19:257-276. [DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180628160211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:Effective cancer therapy is still a great challenge for modern medical research due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, and the limitations commonly associated with currently used cancer therapeutic options. Nanotechnology has been implemented in cancer therapeutics with immense potential for improving cancer treatment.Objective:Through information about the recent advances regarding cancer hallmarks, we could comprehensively understand the pharmacological effects and explore the mechanisms of the interaction between the nanomaterials, which could provide opportunities to develop mechanism-based nanomedicine to treat human cancers.Methods:We collected related information and data from articles.Results:In this review, we discussed the characteristics of cancer including tumor angiogenesis, abnormalities in tumor blood vessels, uncontrolled cell proliferation markers, multidrug resistance, tumor metastasis, cancer cell metabolism, and tumor immune system that provide opportunities and challenges for nanomedicine to be directed to specific cancer cells and portray the progress that has been accomplished in application of nanotechnology for cancer treatment.Conclusion:The information presented in this review can provide useful references for further studies on developing effective nanomedicine for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Fengqiao Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Ziying Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
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Crosby CO, Zoldan J. Mimicking the physical cues of the ECM in angiogenic biomaterials. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:61-73. [PMID: 30967961 PMCID: PMC6447000 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional microvascular system is imperative to build and maintain healthy tissue. Impaired microvasculature results in ischemia, thereby limiting the tissue's intrinsic regeneration capacity. Therefore, the ability to regenerate microvascular networks is key to the development of effective cardiovascular therapies. To stimulate the formation of new microvasculature, researchers have focused on fabricating materials that mimic the angiogenic properties of the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we will review biomaterials that seek to imitate the physical cues that are natively provided by the ECM to encourage the formation of microvasculature in engineered constructs and ischemic tissue in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody O Crosby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Janet Zoldan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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200
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Chiocchetti GM, Vélez D, Devesa V. Effect of chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic on intestinal cells. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 39:899-907. [PMID: 30748021 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (As)-As(III) + As(V)-is associated with type 2 diabetes, vascular diseases and various types of cancer. Although the oral route is the main way of exposure to inorganic As, the adverse gastrointestinal effects produced by chronic exposure are not well documented. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to As(III) on the intestinal epithelium. For this purpose, NCM460 cells, non-transformed epithelial cells from the human colon, were exposed to As(III) (0.01-0.2 mg/L) for 6 months and monitored for acquisition of a tumor-like phenotype. Secretion of matrix metalloproteinases, histone modifications (H3 acetylation), hyperproliferation capacity, formation of floating spheres, anchorage-independent growth, release of cytokine interleukin-8 and expression of relevant genes in colon tumorigenesis were assessed. The results show a maintained proinflammatory response from the beginning, with an increase in interleukin-8 secretion (≤570%). Downregulation of CDX1 and CDX2 was also observed. After 14 weeks of exposure, cells presented marked increases in matrix metalloproteinase-2 secretion and histone modifications. As(III)-treated cells were hyperproliferative, grew in low-serum media and were able to form free-floating spheres. Overall, these data suggest that exposure of human colon epithelial cells to As(III) facilitates acquisition of transformed cell characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Chiocchetti
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dinoraz Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicenta Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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