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Zhang S, Guo C, Chen Z, Zhang P, Li J, Li Y. Vitexin alleviates ox-LDL-mediated endothelial injury by inducing autophagy via AMPK signaling activation. Mol Immunol 2017; 85:214-221. [PMID: 28288411 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury plays a crucial role in the development and pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Vitexin is a natural flavonoid characterized by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitexin on ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. In the present study, vitexin was found to play a protective role against ox-LDL-induced endothelial injury. Vitexin significantly promoted cell viability and inhibited apoptosis in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs. The up-regulation of cleaved Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-9 and Bax induced by ox-LDL were inhibited by treatment with vitexin; meanwhile, the down-regulation of Bcl-2 was suppressed by vitexin. Pretreatment with vitexin was found to inhibit the ox-LDL-induced overexpression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, E-selectin, ICAM1 and VCAM1. Moreover, vitexin reduced ox-LDL-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting the production of ROS and MDA, and by promoting the expression of SOD. Furthermore, we had shown that vitexin protected against the ox-LDL induced cell injury by activating autophagy. The protective effects of vitexin in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs were all reversed following treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. In addition, we found that vitexin increased the expression of p-AMPK and decreased the expression of p-mTOR. The combination of the AMPK inhibitor Compound C plus vitexin significantly reversed the effects of vitexin in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, such as the inhibition of autophagy, reduction in cell viability, increase in apoptosis and ROS production. In conclusion, these data suggest that vitexin ameliorates ox-LDL-mediated endothelial injury by inducing autophagy via AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
| | - Changlei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China.
| | - Peiyong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, China
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152
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Taxifolin synergizes Andrographolide-induced cell death by attenuation of autophagy and augmentation of caspase dependent and independent cell death in HeLa cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171325. [PMID: 28182713 PMCID: PMC5300218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide (Andro) has emerged recently as a potential and effective anticancer agent with induction of apoptosis in some cancer cell lines while induction of G2/M arrest with weak apoptosis in others. Few studies have proved that Andro is also effective in combination therapy. The flavonoid Taxifolin (Taxi) has showed anti-oxidant and antiproliferative effects against different cancer cells. Therefore, the present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of Andro alone or in combination with Taxi on HeLa cells. The combination of Andro with Taxi was synergistic at all tested concentrations and combination ratios. Andro alone induced caspase-dependent apoptosis which was enhanced by the combination with Taxi and attenuated partly by using Z-Vad-Fmk. Andro induced a protective reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent autophagy which was attenuated by Taxi. The activation of p53 was involved in Andro-induced autophagy where the use of Taxi or pifithrin-α (PFT-α) decreased it while the activation of JNK was involved in the cell death of HeLa cells but not in the induction of autophagy. The mitochondrial outer-membrane permeabilization (MOMP) plays an important role in Andro-induced cell death in HeLa cells. Andro alone increased the MOMP which was further increased in the case of combination. This led to the increase in AIF and cytochrome c release from mitochondria which consequently increased caspase-dependent and independent cell death. In conclusion, Andro induced a protective autophagy in HeLa cells which was reduced by Taxi and the cell death was increased by increasing the MOMP and subsequently the caspase-dependent and independent cell death.
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153
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Guamán-Ortiz LM, Orellana MIR, Ratovitski EA. Natural Compounds As Modulators of Non-apoptotic Cell Death in Cancer Cells. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:132-155. [PMID: 28367073 PMCID: PMC5345338 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160803150639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is an innate capability of cells to be removed from microenvironment, if and when they are damaged by multiple stresses. Cell death is often regulated by multiple molecular pathways and mechanism, including apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. The molecular network underlying these processes is often intertwined and one pathway can dynamically shift to another one acquiring certain protein components, in particular upon treatment with various drugs. The strategy to treat human cancer ultimately relies on the ability of anticancer therapeutics to induce tumor-specific cell death, while leaving normal adjacent cells undamaged. However, tumor cells often develop the resistance to the drug-induced cell death, thus representing a great challenge for the anticancer approaches. Numerous compounds originated from the natural sources and biopharmaceutical industries are applied today in clinics showing advantageous results. However, some exhibit serious toxic side effects. Thus, novel effective therapeutic approaches in treating cancers are continued to be developed. Natural compounds with anticancer activity have gained a great interest among researchers and clinicians alike since they have shown more favorable safety and efficacy then the synthetic marketed drugs. Numerous studies in vitro and in vivo have found that several natural compounds display promising anticancer potentials. This review underlines certain information regarding the role of natural compounds from plants, microorganisms and sea life forms, which are able to induce non-apoptotic cell death in tumor cells, namely autophagy and necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Guamán-Ortiz
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Isabel Ramirez Orellana
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward A Ratovitski
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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154
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Abstract
Deadly diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer, remain the major health problems worldwide. Research in cardiovascular diseases and genome-wide association studies were successful in indentifying the gene loci associated with these threatening diseases. Yet, a substantial number of casual factors remain unexplained. Over the last decade, a better understanding of molecular and biochemical mechanisms of cardiac diseases led to developing a rationale for combining various protective agents, such as polyphenols, to target multiple signaling pathways. The present review article summarizes recent advances of the use of polyphenols against diseases, such as cardiac diseases.
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155
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Zenkov NK, Chechushkov AV, Kozhin PM, Kandalintseva NV, Martinovich GG, Menshchikova EB. Plant Phenols and Autophagy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:297-314. [PMID: 27293088 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916040015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many plant phenols (stilbenes, curcumins, catechins, flavonoids, etc.) are effective antioxidants and protect cells during oxidative stress. Extensive clinical studies on the potential of phenolic compounds for treatment of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, oncological, and inflammatory diseases are now being conducted. In addition to direct antioxidant effect, plant phenols may provide a protective effect via activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE redox-sensitive signaling system and regulation of autophagy. In this review, mechanisms of effects of the most common plant phenols on autophagy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Zenkov
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia.
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156
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) may be one of the most challenging brain tumors to treat, as patients generally do not live more than 2 years. This review aimed to give a timely review of potential future treatments for GBM by looking at the latest strategies, involving mainly the use of temozolomide (TMZ). Although these studies were carried out either in vitro or in rodents, the findings collectively suggested that we are moving toward developing a more efficacious therapy for GBM patients. Nanoparticles preparation was, by far, the most extensively studied strategy for targeted brain delivery. Therefore, the first section of this review presents a treatment strategy using TMZ-loaded nanocarriers, which encompassed nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, and nanosponges. Besides nanocarriers, new complexes that were formed between TMZ and another chemical agent or molecule have shown increased cytotoxicity and antitumor activity. Another approach was by reducing GBM cell resistance to TMZ, and this was achieved either through the suppression of metabolic change occurring in the cells, inhibition of the DNA repair protein, or up-regulation of the protein that mediates autophagy. Finally, the review collates a list of substances that have demonstrated the ability to suppress tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chooi Yeng Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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157
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Kamal A, Nekkanti S, Shankaraiah N, Sathish M. Future of Drug Discovery. DRUG RESISTANCE IN BACTERIA, FUNGI, MALARIA, AND CANCER 2017:609-629. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48683-3_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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158
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Pavan AR, Silva GDBD, Jornada DH, Chiba DE, Fernandes GFDS, Man Chin C, Dos Santos JL. Unraveling the Anticancer Effect of Curcumin and Resveratrol. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8110628. [PMID: 27834913 PMCID: PMC5133053 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol and curcumin are natural products with important therapeutic properties useful to treat several human diseases, including cancer. In the last years, the number of studies describing the effect of both polyphenols against cancer has increased; however, the mechanism of action in all of those cases is not completely comprehended. The unspecific effect and the ability to interfere in assays by both polyphenols make this challenge even more difficult. Herein, we analyzed the anticancer activity of resveratrol and curcumin reported in the literature in the last 11 years, in order to unravel the molecular mechanism of action of both compounds. Molecular targets and cellular pathways will be described. Furthermore, we also discussed the ability of these natural products act as chemopreventive and its use in association with other anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Renata Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Diego Eidy Chiba
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
| | | | - Chung Man Chin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
| | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
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159
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Ding L, Li J, Huang R, Liu Z, Li C, Yao S, Wang J, Qi D, Li N, Pi J. Salvianolic acid B protects against myocardial damage caused by nanocarrier TiO 2; and synergistic anti-breast carcinoma effect with curcumin via codelivery system of folic acid-targeted and polyethylene glycol-modified TiO 2 nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5709-5727. [PMID: 27843313 PMCID: PMC5098748 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s107767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery by the folate ligand is an effective way to enhance an anti-breast carcinoma effect, due to its high affinity for the folate receptor, which is overexpressed in many tumor cells. In this study, we firstly synthesized a folic acid (FA)-targeted and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified TiO2 nanocarrier. Then, an FA-PEG-TiO2 nanoparticle (NP) codelivery system loaded with curcumin and salvianolic acid B were prepared by emulsion evaporation-solidification at low temperature. The obtained folate-targeted NPs (FA-NPs) showed more cytotoxicity on MCF7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells than a nontargeted NP group. Apart from a synergistic anti-breast cancer effect with curcumin, salvianolic acid B protects the cardiovascular system from oxidative injury by the TiO2 nanocarrier. With coumarin 6 as a fluorescent probe to observe cellular uptake of NPs, the results of in vitro cellular uptake demonstrated FA-NPs exhibited higher cellular uptake and accumulation in MCF7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells than nontargeted NPs. Then, in vivo biodistribution of NPs was further qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed by in vivo imaging. More importantly, the animal study further suggested that FA-NPs had significantly stronger antitumor effects via receptor-mediated targeted delivery. Consequently, FA-PEG-TiO2 NPs loaded with curcumin and salvianolic acid B could be a promising drug-delivery system to treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Rui Huang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Chunhua Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaozi Yao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jinyan Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Dongli Qi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Nan Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jiaxin Pi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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160
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Lemaire L, Nel J, Franconi F, Bastiat G, Saulnier P. Perfluorocarbon-Loaded Lipid Nanocapsules to Assess the Dependence of U87-Human Glioblastoma Tumor pO2 on In Vitro Expansion Conditions. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165479. [PMID: 27788227 PMCID: PMC5082913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing tumor cell lines, such as U87-MG glioma cells, under mild hypoxia (3% O2) leads to a ca. 40% reduction in growth rate once implanted in the brain of nude mice, as compared to normoxia (21% O2) grown cells, wherein the former over-express HIF-1 and VEGF-A. Despite developing differently, the tumors have similar: blood perfusion, oxygen consumption, and vascular surface area parameters, whereas the number of blood vessels is nearly doubled in the tumor arising from normoxia cultured cells. Interestingly, tumor oxygen tension, measured using 19F-oximetry, showed that the normoxia grown cells led to tumors characterized by mild hypoxic environment (approximately 4%) conditions, whilst the hypoxia grown cells led to tumors characterized by physioxic environment (approximately 6%) conditions. This reversal in oxygen concentration may be responsible for the apparent paradoxical growth profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Lemaire
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines biomimétiques - MINT', Angers, France.,Université Angers, UMR-S1066, Angers, France
| | - Janske Nel
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines biomimétiques - MINT', Angers, France.,Université Angers, UMR-S1066, Angers, France
| | | | - Guillaume Bastiat
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines biomimétiques - MINT', Angers, France.,Université Angers, UMR-S1066, Angers, France
| | - Patrick Saulnier
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines biomimétiques - MINT', Angers, France.,Université Angers, UMR-S1066, Angers, France
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161
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Jaroonwitchawan T, Chaicharoenaudomrung N, Namkaew J, Noisa P. Curcumin attenuates paraquat-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma cells through modulating oxidative stress and autophagy. Neurosci Lett 2016; 636:40-47. [PMID: 27793699 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat is a neurotoxic agent, and oxidative stress plays an important role in neuronal cell death after paraquat exposure. In this study, we assessed the neuroprotective effect of curcumin against paraquat and explored the underlying mechanisms of curcumin in vitro. Curcumin treatment prevented paraquat-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic cell death. Curcumin also exerted a neuroprotective effect by increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic and antioxidant genes. The pretreatment of curcumin significantly decreased gene expression and protein production of amyloid precursor protein. The activation of autophagy process was found defective in paraquat-induced cells, indicated by the accumulation and reduction of LC3I/II. Noteworthy, curcumin restored LC3I/II expression after the pretreatment. Collectively, curcumin demonstrated as a prominent suppressor of ROS, and could reverse autophagy induction in SH-SY5Y cells. The consequences of this were the reduction of APP production and prevention of SH-SY5Y cells from apoptosis. Altogether, curcumin potentially serves as a therapeutic agent of neurodegenerative diseases, associated with ROS overproduction and autophagy dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiranut Jaroonwitchawan
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nipha Chaicharoenaudomrung
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Jirapat Namkaew
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Parinya Noisa
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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162
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Klinger NV, Mittal S. Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin for the Treatment of Brain Tumors. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9324085. [PMID: 27807473 PMCID: PMC5078657 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9324085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brain malignancies currently carry a poor prognosis despite the current multimodal standard of care that includes surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. As new therapies are desperately needed, naturally occurring chemical compounds have been studied for their potential chemotherapeutic benefits and low toxicity profile. Curcumin, found in the rhizome of turmeric, has extensive therapeutic promise via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo data have shown it to be an effective treatment for brain tumors including glioblastoma multiforme. These effects are potentiated by curcumin's ability to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest, activation of apoptotic pathways, induction of autophagy, disruption of molecular signaling, inhibition of invasion, and metastasis and by increasing the efficacy of existing chemotherapeutics. Further, clinical data suggest that it has low toxicity in humans even at large doses. Curcumin is a promising nutraceutical compound that should be evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of human brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil V. Klinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sandeep Mittal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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163
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Antidepressant indatraline induces autophagy and inhibits restenosis via suppression of mTOR/S6 kinase signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34655. [PMID: 27694974 PMCID: PMC5046148 DOI: 10.1038/srep34655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Indatraline is an antidepressive agent and a non-selective monoamine transporter inhibitor that blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine). In this study, we report that indatraline induces autophagy via the suppression of mTOR/S6 kinase signaling. Autophagy induction was examined by a cell-based high content screening system using LysoTracker, which was followed by monodansylcadaverine staining and transmission electron microscope observation. Indatraline increased the number of EGFP-LC3 cells expressing autophagosomes in the cytoplasm. Conversion of LC3 was further validated by immunoblotting. Indatraline induced autophagy by affecting the AMPK/mTOR/S6K signaling axis and had no influence on the PI3K/AKT/ERK signaling. Moreover, indatraline induced autophagy in smooth muscle cells (SMCs); further, it exhibited therapeutic potential for restenosis by inhibiting SMC accumulation in a rat restenosis model. These results provide new insights into the role of monoamine transporters in autophagy regulation and identify indatraline as a novel agent for inducing autophagy.
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164
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Phycocyanin Inhibits Tumorigenic Potential of Pancreatic Cancer Cells: Role of Apoptosis and Autophagy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34564. [PMID: 27694919 PMCID: PMC5046139 DOI: 10.1038/srep34564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, and unresponsive to current chemotherapies. Here we investigate the therapeutic potential of phycocyanin as an anti-PDA agent in vivo and in vitro. Phycocyanin, a natural product purified from Spirulina, effectively inhibits the pancreatic cancer cell proliferation in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Phycocyanin induces G2/M cell cycle arrest, apoptotic and autophagic cell death in PANC-1 cells. Inhibition of autophagy by targeting Beclin 1 using siRNA significantly suppresses cell growth inhibition and death induced by phycocyanin, whereas inhibition of both autophagy and apoptosis rescues phycocyanin-mediated cell death. Mechanistically, cell death induced by phycocyanin is the result of cross-talk among the MAPK, Akt/mTOR/p70S6K and NF-κB pathways. Phycocyanin is able to induce apoptosis of PANC-1 cell by activating p38 and JNK signaling pathways while inhibiting Erk pathway. On the other hand, phycocyanin promotes autophagic cell death by inhibiting PI3/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Furthermore, phycocyanin promotes the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which plays an important role in balancing phycocyanin-mediated apoptosis and autosis. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that phycocyanin exerts anti-pancreatic cancer activity by inducing apoptotic and autophagic cell death, thereby identifying phycocyanin as a promising anti-pancreatic cancer agent.
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165
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The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090581. [PMID: 27657126 PMCID: PMC5037565 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail. The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in the anti-cancer activity of polyphenols will also be highlighted. In addition, the potential of polyphenols to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) via various mechanisms will be explained. Recently, the use of natural products as chemotherapeutics and chemopreventive drugs to overcome the side effects and resistance that arise from using chemical-based agents has garnered the attention of the scientific community. Polyphenol research is considered a promising field in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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166
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Niedzwiecki A, Roomi MW, Kalinovsky T, Rath M. Anticancer Efficacy of Polyphenols and Their Combinations. Nutrients 2016; 8:E552. [PMID: 27618095 PMCID: PMC5037537 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, found abundantly in plants, display many anticarcinogenic properties including their inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and inflammation as well as inducing apoptosis. In addition, they can modulate immune system response and protect normal cells against free radicals damage. Most investigations on anticancer mechanisms of polyphenols were conducted with individual compounds. However, several studies, including ours, have indicated that anti-cancer efficacy and scope of action can be further enhanced by combining them synergistically with chemically similar or different compounds. While most studies investigated the anti-cancer effects of combinations of two or three compounds, we used more comprehensive mixtures of specific polyphenols and mixtures of polyphenols with vitamins, amino acids and other micronutrients. The mixture containing quercetin, curcumin, green tea, cruciferex, and resveratrol (PB) demonstrated significant inhibition of the growth of Fanconi anemia head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 secretion, cell migration and invasion through Matrigel. PB was found effective in inhibition of fibrosarcoma HT-1080 and melanoma A2058 cell proliferation, MMP-2 and -9 expression, invasion through Matrigel and inducing apoptosis, important parameters for cancer prevention. A combination of polyphenols (quercetin and green tea extract) with vitamin C, amino acids and other micronutrients (EPQ) demonstrated significant suppression of ovarian cancer ES-2 xenograft tumor growth and suppression of ovarian tumor growth and lung metastasis from IP injection of ovarian cancer A-2780 cells. The EPQ mixture without quercetin (NM) also has shown potent anticancer activity in vivo and in vitro in a few dozen cancer cell lines by inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis, MMP-2 and -9 secretion, invasion, angiogenesis, and cell growth as well as induction of apoptosis. The presence of vitamin C, amino acids and other micronutrients could enhance inhibitory effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on secretion of MMPs. In addition, enrichment of NM with quercetin (EPQ mix) enhanced anticancer activity of NM in vivo. In conclusion, polyphenols, especially in combination with other polyphenols or micronutrients, have been shown to be effective against multiple targets in cancer development and progression, and should be considered as safe and effective approaches in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Waheed Roomi
- Dr. Rath Research Institute, 1260 Memorex Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA.
| | - Tatiana Kalinovsky
- Dr. Rath Research Institute, 1260 Memorex Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA.
| | - Matthias Rath
- Dr. Rath Research Institute, 1260 Memorex Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95050, USA.
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167
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Zhang Y, Shen K, Bai Y, Lv X, Huang R, Zhang W, Chao J, Nguyen LK, Hua J, Gan G, Hu G, Yao H. Mir143-BBC3 cascade reduces microglial survival via interplay between apoptosis and autophagy: Implications for methamphetamine-mediated neurotoxicity. Autophagy 2016; 12:1538-59. [PMID: 27464000 PMCID: PMC5082785 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1191723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BBC3 (BCL2 binding component 3) is a known apoptosis inducer; however, its role in microglial survival remains poorly understood. In addition to the classical transcription factor TRP53, Mir143 is involved in BBC3 expression at the post-transcriptional level. Here, we identify unique roles of Mir143-BBC3 in mediating microglial survival via the regulation of the interplay between apoptosis and autophagy. Autophagy inhibition accelerated methamphetamine-induced apoptosis, whereas autophagy induction attenuated the decrease in microglial survival. Moreover, anti-Mir143-dependent BBC3 upregulation reversed the methamphetamine-induced decrease in microglial survival via the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy. The in vivo relevance of these findings was confirmed in mouse models, which demonstrated that the microinjection of anti-Mir143 into the hippocampus ameliorated the methamphetamine-induced decrease in microglia as well as that observed in heterozygous Mir143(+/-) mice. These findings provide new insight regarding the specific contributions of Mir143-BBC3 to microglial survival in the context of drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan K. Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Jun Hua
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangming Gan
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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168
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Tsai JP, Lee CH, Ying TH, Lin CL, Lin CL, Hsueh JT, Hsieh YH. Licochalcone A induces autophagy through PI3K/Akt/mTOR inactivation and autophagy suppression enhances Licochalcone A-induced apoptosis of human cervical cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:28851-66. [PMID: 26311737 PMCID: PMC4745696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of dietary bioactive compounds in chemoprevention can potentially reverse, suppress, or even prevent cancer progression. However, the effects of licochalcone A (LicA) on apoptosis and autophagy in cervical cancer cells have not yet been clearly elucidated. In this study, LicA treatment was found to significantly induce the apoptotic and autophagic capacities of cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. MTT assay results showed dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in four cervical cancer cell lines treated with LicA. We found that LicA induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in SiHa cells, with decreasing Bcl-2 expression. LicA also induced autophagy effects were examined by identifying accumulation of Atg5, Atg7, Atg12 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II. Treatment with autophagy-specific inhibitors (3-methyladenine and bafilomycin A1) enhanced LicA-induced apoptosis. In addition, we suggested the inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of mTOR pathway by LicA. Furthermore, the inhibition of PI3K/Akt by LY294002/si-Akt or of mTOR by rapamycin augmented LicA-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Finally, the in vivo mice bearing a SiHa xenograft, LicA dosed at 10 or 20 mg/kg significantly inhibited tumor growth. Our findings demonstrate the chemotherapeutic potential of LicA for treatment of human cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Pi Tsai
- Department of Nephrology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Tsung Hsueh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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169
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Impairment of autophagy by TTR V30M aggregates: in vivo reversal by TUDCA and curcumin. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:1665-75. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20160075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR)-related amyloidoses are diseases characterized by extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils and aggregates in tissues composed of insoluble misfolded TTR that becomes toxic. Previous studies have demonstrated the ability of small compounds in preventing and reversing TTR V30M deposition in transgenic mice gastrointestinal (GI) tract as well as lowering biomarkers associated with cellular stress and apoptotic mechanisms. In the present study we aimed to study TTR V30M aggregates effect in autophagy, a cellular mechanism crucial for cell survival that has been implicated in the development of several neurodegenerative diseases. We were able to demonstrate in cell culture that TTR V30M aggregates cause a partial impairment of the autophagic machinery as shown by p62 accumulation, whereas early steps of the autophagic flux remain unaffected as shown by autophagosome number evaluation and LC3 turnover assay. Our studies performed in TTR V30M transgenic animals demonstrated that tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and curcumin effectively reverse p62 accumulation in the GI tract pointing to the ability of both compounds to modulate autophagy additionally to mitigate apoptosis. Overall, our in vitro and in vivo studies establish an association between TTR V30M aggregates and autophagy impairment and suggest the use of autophagy modulators as an additional and alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of TTR V30M-related amyloidosis.
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170
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Newman RA, Kondo Y, Yokoyama T, Dixon S, Cartwright C, Chan D, Johansen M, Peiying Yang. Autophagic Cell Death of Human Pancreatic Tumor Cells Mediated by Oleandrin, a Lipid-Soluble Cardiac Glycoside. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 6:354-64. [DOI: 10.1177/1534735407309623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-soluble cardiac glycosides such as bufalin, oleandrin, and digitoxin have been suggested as potent agents that might be useful as anticancer agents. Past research with oleandrin, a principle cardiac glycoside in Nerium oleander L. (Apocynaceae), has been shown to induce cell death through induction of apoptosis. In PANC-1 cells, a human pancreatic cancer cell line, cell death occurs not through apoptosis but rather through autophagy. Oleandrin at low nanomolar concentrations potently inhibited cell proliferation associated with induction of a profound G2/M cell cycle arrest. Inhibition of cell cycle was not accompanied by any significant sub G1 accumulation of cells, suggesting a nonapoptotic mechanism. Oleandrin-treated cells exhibited time- and concentration-dependent staining with acridine orange, a lysosomal stain. Subcellular changes within PANC-1 cells included mitochondrial condensation and translocation to a perinuclear position accompanied by vacuoles. Use of a fluorescent oleandrin analog (BODIPY-oleandrin) revealed co-localization of the drug within cell mitochondria. Damaged mitochondria were found within autophagosome structures. Formation of autophagosomes was confirmed through electron microscopy and detection of green fluorescent protein—labeled light chain 3 association with autophagosome membranes. Also observed was a drug-mediated inhibition of pAkt formation and up-regulation of pERK. Transfection of Akt into PANC-1 cells or inhibition of pERK activation by MAPK inhibitor abrogated oleandrin-mediated inhibition of cell growth, suggesting that the reduction of pAkt and increased pERK are important to oleandrin's ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. The data provide insight into the mechanisms and role of a potent, lipid-soluble cardiac glycoside (oleandrin) in control of human pancreatic cancer proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasuko Kondo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tomohisa Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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171
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Zhang D, Zhang Y, Ye M, Ding Y, Tang Z, Li M, Zhou Y, Wang C. Interference with Akt signaling pathway contributes curcumin-induced adipocyte insulin resistance. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 429:1-9. [PMID: 27113027 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous study has shown that curcumin directly or indirectly suppresses insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we experimentally demonstrate that curcumin inhibited the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) function, activated autophagy, and reduced protein levels of protein kinase B (Akt) in a dose- and time-dependent manner in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, accompanied with attenuation of insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation, plasma membrane translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and glucose uptake. These in vitro inhibitory effects of curcumin on Akt protein expression and insulin action were reversed by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy but not by inhibition of the UPS and caspases. In addition, Akt reduction in adipose tissues of mice treated with curcumin could be recovered by administration of autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 (BFA). This new finding provides a novel mechanism by which curcumin induces insulin resistance in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deling Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yemin Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhao Tang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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172
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Rodriguez GA, Shah AH, Gersey ZC, Shah SS, Bregy A, Komotar RJ, Graham RM. Investigating the therapeutic role and molecular biology of curcumin as a treatment for glioblastoma. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2016; 8:248-60. [PMID: 27482284 PMCID: PMC4952019 DOI: 10.1177/1758834016643518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the aggressive standard of care for patients with glioblastoma multiforme, survival rates typically do not exceed 2 years. Therefore, current research is focusing on discovering new therapeutics or rediscovering older medications that may increase the overall survival of patients with glioblastoma. Curcumin, a component of the Indian natural spice, turmeric, also known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been found to be an effective inhibitor of proliferation and inducer of apoptosis in many cancers. The goal of this study was to investigate the expanded utility of curcumin as an antiglioma agent. METHODS Using the PubMed MeSH database, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to include pertinent studies on the growth inhibitory effects of curcumin on glioblastoma cell lines based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS A total of 19 in vitro and five in vivo studies were analyzed. All of the studies indicated that curcumin decreased glioblastoma cell viability through various pathways (i.e. decrease in prosurvival proteins such as nuclear factor κB, activator protein 1, and phosphoinositide 3 kinase, and upregulation of apoptotic pathways like p21, p53, and executor caspase 3). Curcumin treatment also increased animal survival compared with control groups. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in certain subpopulations of glioblastoma tumors, and its ability to target multiple signaling pathways involved in cell death makes it an attractive therapeutic agent. As such, it should be considered as a potent anticancer treatment. Further experiments are warranted to elucidate the use of a bioavailable form of curcumin in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor A Rodriguez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ashish H Shah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zachary C Gersey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sumedh S Shah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Amade Bregy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ricardo J Komotar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Regina M Graham
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1095 NW 14th Terrace, Room 5-23, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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173
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Wang A, Zhang H, Liang Z, Xu K, Qiu W, Tian Y, Guo H, Jia J, Xing E, Chen R, Xiang Z, Liu J. U0126 attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis and autophagy in myocardium through MEK/ERK/EGR-1 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 788:280-285. [PMID: 27343376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia is one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death worldwide. Depending on the cell type and stimulus, ERK activity mediates different anti-proliferative events, such as apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis[2-aminophenylthio] butadiene (U0126), an ERK kinase inhibitor, on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the mechanisms involved. An I/R model was established in vivo in C57BL/6 mice and in vitro using mouse cardiomyocytes, respectively. To evaluate the protective effects of U0126 on I/R injury, we measured the myocardial infarct area, apoptosis, and autophagy. Our data indicated that pretreatment with U0126 significantly reduced the infarct area caused by I/R. Moreover, U0126 reduced the caspase-3 activity and the number of TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes, which together indicate decreased apoptosis. Additionally, U0126 remarkable reduced the level of Beclin-1 and LC3 and increased p62 expression, which indicates that U0126 suppressed H/R-induced autophagy. Furthermore, the relationship between U0126 and MEK/ERK pathway activation in H/R-induced cardiomyocytes was also investigated. U0126 ameliorated H/R injury through inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway and by suppressing in the downstream EGR-1 expression. Together, our research suggests that U0126 may protect against H/R injury by preventing H/R-induced myocardium apoptosis and autophagy via the MEK/ERK/EGR-1 pathway, and may be a potential therapeutic approach for attenuating myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anxing Wang
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China.
| | - Zeming Liang
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Kai Xu
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Weifeng Qiu
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Yongbo Tian
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Hong Guo
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Junzheng Jia
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Erke Xing
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Rufei Chen
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Zongxing Xiang
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
| | - Jia Liu
- The Second Department of Cardiovascular, Baoji City Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721001, PR China
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174
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Lee D, Kim IY, Saha S, Choi KS. Paraptosis in the anti-cancer arsenal of natural products. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 162:120-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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175
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Wang J, Tan X, Yang Q, Zeng X, Zhou Y, Luo W, Lin X, Song L, Cai J, Wang T, Wu X. Inhibition of autophagy promotes apoptosis and enhances anticancer efficacy of adriamycin via augmented ROS generation in prostate cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 77:80-90. [PMID: 27247025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis response to chemotherapy is still a subject of intense debate in recent years. More efforts have focused on the regulation effects of apoptosis on autophagy, whereas how autophagy affects apoptosis remains poorly understood. In this study performed on prostate cancer cells, we investigated the role of autophagy in adriamycin-induced apoptosis, as well as the mechanisms mediating the effects of autophagy on apoptosis response to adriamycin (ADM). The results show that ADM not only inhibited cell viability and enhanced apoptosis, but also promoted autophagy via PI3K/Akt(T308)/mTOR signal pathway. Inhibition of autophagy by either pharmacological inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) or RNA interference of Atg5 increased ADM-induced apoptosis and enhanced the chemosensitivity of prostate cancer cells. Moreover, blockade of autophagy augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by ADM. Scavenging of ROS by antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) reversed the strengthened effects of CQ on ADM-induced apoptosis and rescued the cells from apoptosis. The results identified ROS as a potential mediator directing the modulation effects of the protective autophagy on apoptosis response to ADM. Suppression of the protective autophagy might provide a promising strategy to increase the anticancer efficacy of agents in the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhong Wang
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangpeng Tan
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangfeng Zeng
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Department of Cell biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaomian Lin
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Song
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jialong Cai
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tianxiang Wang
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, and Key Laboratory of Molecule Immunology and Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Province, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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176
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Lin CJ, Chen TL, Tseng YY, Wu GJ, Hsieh MH, Lin YW, Chen RM. Honokiol induces autophagic cell death in malignant glioma through reactive oxygen species-mediated regulation of the p53/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 304:59-69. [PMID: 27236003 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Honokiol, an active constituent extracted from the bark of Magnolia officinalis, possesses anticancer effects. Apoptosis is classified as type I programmed cell death, while autophagy is type II programmed cell death. We previously proved that honokiol induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of U87 MG glioma cells. Subsequently in this study, we evaluated the effect of honokiol on autophagy of glioma cells and examined the molecular mechanisms. Administration of honokiol to mice with an intracranial glioma increased expressions of cleaved caspase 3 and light chain 3 (LC3)-II. Exposure of U87 MG cells to honokiol also induced autophagy in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Results from the addition of 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor, and rapamycin, an autophagy inducer confirmed that honokiol-induced autophagy contributed to cell death. Honokiol decreased protein levels of PI3K, phosphorylated (p)-Akt, and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with a p53 inhibitor or transfection with p53 small interfering (si)RNA suppressed honokiol-induced autophagy by reversing downregulation of p-Akt and p-mTOR expressions. In addition, honokiol caused generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was suppressed by the antioxidant, vitamin C. Vitamin C also inhibited honokiol-induced autophagic and apoptotic cell death. Concurrently, honokiol-induced alterations in levels of p-p53, p53, p-Akt, and p-mTOR were attenuated following vitamin C administration. Taken together, our data indicated that honokiol induced ROS-mediated autophagic cell death through regulating the p53/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ju Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Liang Chen
- Anesthetics and Toxicology Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yun Tseng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gong-Jhe Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hui Hsieh
- Anesthetics and Toxicology Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Wei Lin
- Brain Disease Research Center, Taipei Medical University Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Anesthetics and Toxicology Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Disease Research Center, Taipei Medical University Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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177
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Song JX, Sun YR, Peluso I, Zeng Y, Yu X, Lu JH, Xu Z, Wang MZ, Liu LF, Huang YY, Chen LL, Durairajan SSK, Zhang HJ, Zhou B, Zhang HQ, Lu A, Ballabio A, Medina DL, Guo Z, Li M. A novel curcumin analog binds to and activates TFEB in vitro and in vivo independent of MTOR inhibition. Autophagy 2016; 12:1372-89. [PMID: 27172265 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1179404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy dysfunction is a common feature in neurodegenerative disorders characterized by accumulation of toxic protein aggregates. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that activation of TFEB (transcription factor EB), a master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, can ameliorate neurotoxicity and rescue neurodegeneration in animal models. Currently known TFEB activators are mainly inhibitors of MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin [serine/threonine kinase]), which, as a master regulator of cell growth and metabolism, is involved in a wide range of biological functions. Thus, the identification of TFEB modulators acting without inhibiting the MTOR pathway would be preferred and probably less deleterious to cells. In this study, a synthesized curcumin derivative termed C1 is identified as a novel MTOR-independent activator of TFEB. Compound C1 specifically binds to TFEB at the N terminus and promotes TFEB nuclear translocation without inhibiting MTOR activity. By activating TFEB, C1 enhances autophagy and lysosome biogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, compound C1 is an orally effective activator of TFEB and is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Xian Song
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Yue-Ru Sun
- c Department of Chemistry , State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong , China
| | - Ivana Peluso
- d Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM) , Naples , Italy
| | - Yu Zeng
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Xing Yu
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- e State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Zheng Xu
- c Department of Chemistry , State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong , China
| | - Ming-Zhong Wang
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Liang-Feng Liu
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Ying-Yu Huang
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Lei-Lei Chen
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Siva Sundara Kumar Durairajan
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Hong-Jie Zhang
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Bo Zhou
- f State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Hong-Qi Zhang
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Aiping Lu
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- d Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM) , Naples , Italy
| | - Diego L Medina
- d Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM) , Naples , Italy
| | - Zhihong Guo
- c Department of Chemistry , State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong , China
| | - Min Li
- a School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China.,b Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi Ming Center for Parkinson Disease Research (CPDR), Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong , China
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178
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Fu T, Wang L, Jin XN, Sui HJ, Liu Z, Jin Y. Hyperoside induces both autophagy and apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:505-18. [PMID: 26948085 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Hyperoside (quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside) is a flavonol glycoside found in plants of the genera Hypericum and Crataegus, which exhibits anticancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study we investigated whether autophagy was involved in the anticancer mechanisms of hyperoside in human non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Human non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549 was tested, and human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B was used for comparison. The expression of LC3-II, apoptotic and signaling proteins was measured using Western blotting. Autophagosomes were observed with MDC staining, LC3 immunocytochemistry, and GFP-LC3 fusion protein techniques. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. RESULTS Hyperoside (0.5, 1, 2 mmol/L) dose-dependently increased the expression of LC3-II and autophagosome numbers in A549 cells, but had no such effects in BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, hyperoside dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, p70S6K and 4E-BP1, but increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in A549 cells. Insulin (200 nmol/L) markedly enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and decreased LC3-II expression in A549 cells, which were reversed by pretreatment with hyperoside, whereas the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 (20 μmol/L) did not blocked hyperoside-induced LC3-II expression. Finally, hyperoside dose-dependently suppressed the cell viability and induced apoptosis in A549 cells, which were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (2.5 mmol/L). CONCLUSION Hyperoside induces both autophagy and apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro. The autophagy is induced through inhibiting the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signal pathways, which contributes to anticancer actions of hyperoside.
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179
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Sahebkar A, Cicero AFG, Simental-Mendía LE, Aggarwal BB, Gupta SC. Curcumin downregulates human tumor necrosis factor-α levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis ofrandomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:234-242. [PMID: 27025786 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a key inflammatory mediator and its reduction is a therapeutic target in several inflammatory diseases. Curcumin, a bioactive polyphenol from turmeric, has been shown in several preclinical studies to block TNF-α effectively. However, clinical evidence has not been fully conclusive. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin supplementation on circulating levels of TNF-α in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS The search included PubMed-Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases by up to September 21, 2015, to identify RCTs investigating the impact of curcumin on circulating TNF-α concentration. Quantitative data synthesis was performed using a random-effects model, with weighed mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) as summary statistics. Meta-regression and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the modifiers of treatment response. RESULTS Eight RCTs comprising nine treatment arms were finally selected for the meta-analysis. There was a significant reduction of circulating TNF-α concentrations following curcumin supplementation (WMD: -4.69pg/mL, 95% CI: -7.10, -2.28, p<0.001). This effect size was robust in sensitivity analysis. Meta-regression did not suggest any significant association between the circulating TNF-α-lowering effects of curcumin with either dose or duration (slope: 0.197; 95% CI: -1.73, 2.12; p=0.841) of treatment. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis of RCTs suggested a significant effect of curcumin in lowering circulating TNF-α concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Kumar G, Mittal S, Sak K, Tuli HS. Molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive potential of curcumin: Current challenges and future perspectives. Life Sci 2016; 148:313-28. [PMID: 26876915 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, natural compounds have received considerable attention in preventing and curing most dreadful diseases including cancer. The reason behind the use of natural compounds in chemoprevention is associated with fewer numbers of side effects than conventional chemotherapeutics. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane, PubMed CID: 969516), a naturally occurring polyphenol, is derived from turmeric, which is used as a common Indian spice. It governs numerous intracellular targets, including proteins involved in antioxidant response, immune response, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and tumor progression. A huge mass of available studies strongly supports the use of Curcumin as a chemopreventive drug. However, the main challenge encountered is the low bioavailability of Curcumin. This extensive review covers various therapeutic interactions of Curcumin with its recognized cellular targets involved in cancer treatment, strategies to overcome the bioavailability issue and adverse effects associated with Curcumin consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Delhi University, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonam Mittal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mulana-Ambala, India.
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181
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Luthra PM, Lal N. Prospective of curcumin, a pleiotropic signalling molecule from Curcuma longa in the treatment of Glioblastoma. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 109:23-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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182
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Quercetin Attenuates Chronic Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Mitochondrial Damage through Enhanced Mitophagy. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8010027. [PMID: 26742072 PMCID: PMC4728641 DOI: 10.3390/nu8010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggested mitophagy activation mitigates ethanol-induced liver injury. However, the effect of ethanol on mitophagy is inconsistent. Importantly, the understanding of mitophagy status after chronic ethanol consumption is limited. This study evaluated the effect of quercetin, a naturally-occurring flavonoid, on chronic ethanol-induced mitochondrial damage focused on mitophagy. An ethanol regime to mice for 15 weeks (accounting for 30% of total calories) led to significant mitochondrial damage as evidenced by changes of the mitochondrial ultrastructure, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and remodeling of membrane lipid composition, which was greatly attenuated by quercetin (100 mg/kg.bw). Moreover, quercetin blocked chronic ethanol-induced mitophagy suppression as denoted by mitophagosomes-lysosome fusion and mitophagy-related regulator elements, including LC3II, Parkin, p62 and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), paralleling with increased FoxO3a nuclear translocation. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), instead of AKT and Sirtuin 1, were involved in quercetin-mediated mitophagy activation. Quercetin alleviated ethanol-elicited mitochondrial damage through enhancing mitophagy, highlighting a promising preventive strategy for alcoholic liver disease.
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183
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Sahebkar A. Autophagic activation: A key piece of the puzzle for the curcumin-associated cognitive enhancement? J Psychopharmacol 2016; 30:93-4. [PMID: 26702989 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115620568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Metabolic Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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184
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Guan F, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li M, Wang C. Curcumin Suppresses Proliferation and Migration of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells through Autophagy-Dependent Akt Degradation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146553. [PMID: 26752181 PMCID: PMC4708990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have evidenced that the anticancer potential of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a main yellow bioactive compound from plant turmeric was mediated by interfering with PI3K/Akt signaling. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. This study experimentally revealed that curcumin treatment reduced Akt protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, along with an activation of autophagy and suppression of ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) function. The curcumin-reduced Akt expression, cell proliferation, and migration were prevented by genetic and pharmacological inhibition of autophagy but not by UPS inhibition. Additionally, inactivation of AMPK by its specific inhibitor compound C or by target shRNA-mediated silencing attenuated curcumin-activated autophagy. Thus, these results indicate that curcumin-stimulated AMPK activity induces activation of the autophagy-lysosomal protein degradation pathway leading to Akt degradation and the subsequent suppression of proliferation and migration in breast cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Youming Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yemin Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Laparascopic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Mingxin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- * E-mail:
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185
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Way TD, Tsai SJ, Wang CM, Jhan YL, Ho CT, Chou CH. Cinnamtannin D1 from Rhododendron formosanum Induces Autophagy via the Inhibition of Akt/mTOR and Activation of ERK1/2 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:10407-10417. [PMID: 26567590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, ursolic acid present in the leaves of Rhododendron formosanum was found to possess antineoplastic activity. We further isolated and unveiled a natural product, cinnamtannin D1 (CNT D1), an A-type procyanidin trimer in R. formosanum also exhibiting anticancer efficacy that induced G1 arrest (83.26 ± 3.11% for 175 μM CNT D1 vs 69.28 ± 1.15% for control, p < 0.01) and autophagy in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. We found that CNT D1-mediated autophagy was via the noncanonical pathway, being beclin-1-independent but Atg5 (autophagy-related genes 5)-dependent. Inhibition of autophagy with a specific inhibitor enhanced cell death, suggesting a cytoprotective function for autophagy in CNT D1-treated NSCLC cells. Moreover, CNT D1 inhibited the Akt/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway, resulting in induction of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzong-Der Way
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University , Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , New Brunswick, New Jersey United States
| | - Chang-Hung Chou
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701, Taiwan
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186
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Bhardwaj M, Paul S, Jakhar R, Kang SC. Potential role of vitexin in alleviating heat stress-induced cytotoxicity: Regulatory effect of Hsp90 on ER stress-mediated autophagy. Life Sci 2015; 142:36-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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187
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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188
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Burada F, Nicoli ER, Ciurea ME, Uscatu DC, Ioana M, Gheonea DI. Autophagy in colorectal cancer: An important switch from physiology to pathology. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 7:271-284. [PMID: 26600927 PMCID: PMC4644850 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v7.i11.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death in both men and women worldwide. Among the factors and mechanisms that are involved in the multifactorial etiology of CRC, autophagy is an important transformational switch that occurs when a cell shifts from normal to malignant. In recent years, multiple hypotheses have been considered regarding the autophagy mechanisms that are involved in cancer. The currently accepted hypothesis is that autophagy has dual and contradictory roles in carcinogenesis, but the precise mechanisms leading to autophagy in cancer are not yet fully defined and seem to be context dependent. Autophagy is a surveillance mechanism used by normal cells that protects them from the transformation to malignancy by removing damaged organelles and aggregated proteins and by reducing reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial abnormalities and DNA damage. However, autophagy also supports tumor formation by promoting access to nutrients that are critical to the metabolism and growth of tumor cells and by inhibiting cellular death and increasing drug resistance. Autophagy studies in CRC have focused on several molecules, mainly microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, beclin 1, and autophagy related 5, with conflicting results. Beneficial effects were observed for some agents that modulate autophagy in CRC either alone or, more often, in combination with other agents. More extensive studies are needed in the future to clarify the roles of autophagy-related genes and modulators in colorectal carcinogenesis, and to develop potential beneficial agents for the prognosis and treatment of CRC.
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189
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Moustapha A, Pérétout PA, Rainey NE, Sureau F, Geze M, Petit JM, Dewailly E, Slomianny C, Petit PX. Curcumin induces crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis mediated by calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomal destabilization and mitochondrial events. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15017. [PMID: 27551451 PMCID: PMC4979459 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a major active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa, L.), has anticancer effects. In vitro studies suggest that curcumin inhibits cancer cell growth by activating apoptosis, but the mechanism underlying these effects is still unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanisms leading to apoptosis in curcumin-treated cells. Curcumin induced endoplasmic reticulum stress causing calcium release, with a destabilization of the mitochondrial compartment resulting in apoptosis. These events were also associated with lysosomal membrane permeabilization and of caspase-8 activation, mediated by cathepsins and calpains, leading to Bid cleavage. Truncated tBid disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis and enhance apoptosis. We followed the induction of autophagy, marked by the formation of autophagosomes, by staining with acridine orange in cells exposed curcumin. At this concentration, only the early events of apoptosis (initial mitochondrial destabilization with any other manifestations) were detectable. Western blotting demonstrated the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II (light chain 3), a marker of active autophagosome formation. We also found that the production of reactive oxygen species and formation of autophagosomes following curcumin treatment was almost completely blocked by N-acetylcystein, the mitochondrial specific antioxidants MitoQ10 and SKQ1, the calcium chelators, EGTA-AM or BAPTA-AM, and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter inhibitor, ruthenium red. Curcumin-induced autophagy failed to rescue all cells and most cells underwent type II cell death following the initial autophagic processes. All together, these data imply a fail-secure mechanism regulated by autophagy in the action of curcumin, suggesting a therapeutic potential for curcumin. Offering a novel and effective strategy for the treatment of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moustapha
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
| | - P A Pérétout
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
| | - N E Rainey
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
| | - F Sureau
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Laboratoire Jean Perrin , Paris, France
| | - M Geze
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelles, CeMIM/USM 0504, 'Biologie Fonctionnelles des Protozoaires' 57 , Paris, France
| | - J-M Petit
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelles, UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN 'Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes' 57 , Paris, France
| | - E Dewailly
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, INSERM U800, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille 1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - C Slomianny
- Laboratoire de Physiologie cellulaire, INSERM U800, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille 1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - P X Petit
- INSERM U1124 'Toxicologie, Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire', Université Paris-Descartes, Centre Universitaire des Saints-Pères , Paris, France
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190
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Antibiotic resistance breakers: can repurposed drugs fill the antibiotic discovery void? Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 14:821-32. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd4675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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191
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Watkins R, Wu L, Zhang C, Davis RM, Xu B. Natural product-based nanomedicine: recent advances and issues. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6055-74. [PMID: 26451111 PMCID: PMC4592057 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been used in medicine for many years. Many top-selling pharmaceuticals are natural compounds or their derivatives. These plant- or microorganism-derived compounds have shown potential as therapeutic agents against cancer, microbial infection, inflammation, and other disease conditions. However, their success in clinical trials has been less impressive, partly due to the compounds’ low bioavailability. The incorporation of nanoparticles into a delivery system for natural products would be a major advance in the efforts to increase their therapeutic effects. Recently, advances have been made showing that nanoparticles can significantly increase the bioavailability of natural products both in vitro and in vivo. Nanotechnology has demonstrated its capability to manipulate particles in order to target specific areas of the body and control the release of drugs. Although there are many benefits to applying nanotechnology for better delivery of natural products, it is not without issues. Drug targeting remains a challenge and potential nanoparticle toxicity needs to be further investigated, especially if these systems are to be used to treat chronic human diseases. This review aims to summarize recent progress in several key areas relevant to natural products in nanoparticle delivery systems for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Watkins
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA ; Program in Nanoscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Chenming Zhang
- Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA ; Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA ; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Richey M Davis
- Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA ; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA ; Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA ; Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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192
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193
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Casasampere M, Ordoñez YF, Pou A, Casas J. Inhibitors of dihydroceramide desaturase 1: Therapeutic agents and pharmacological tools to decipher the role of dihydroceramides in cell biology. Chem Phys Lipids 2015; 197:33-44. [PMID: 26248324 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroceramide desaturase (Des1) is the last enzyme in the de novo synthesis of ceramides (Cer). It catalyzes the insertion of a double bond into dihydroceramides (dhCer) to convert them to Cer, both of which are further metabolized to more complex (dihydro) sphingolipids. For many years dhCer have received poor attention, mainly due to their supposed lack of biological activity. It was not until about ten years ago that the concept that dhCer might have regulatory roles in biology emerged for the first time. Since then, multiple publications have established that dhCer are implicated in a wide spectrum of biological processes. Physiological and pathophysiological functions of dhCer have been recently reviewed. In this review we will focus on the biochemical features of Des1 and on its inhibition by different compounds with presumably different modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Casasampere
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yadira F Ordoñez
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Pou
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biomedicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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194
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Bathaie SZ, Faridi N, Nasimian A, Heidarzadeh H, Tamanoi F. How Phytochemicals Prevent Chemical Carcinogens and/or Suppress Tumor Growth? Enzymes 2015; 37:1-42. [PMID: 26298454 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are a powerful group of chemicals that are derived from natural resource, especially with plants origin. They have shown to exhibit chemoprevention and chemotherapeutic effects not only in cell lines and in animal models of cancer but also some of them are in the clinical trial phase I and II. Despite numerous reports of these phytochemical effects on cancer, an overview of the mechanisms of their action and their effects on various cellular and molecular functions important in the inhibition of cancer progression has been lacking. In this review, we attempt to catalogue various studies to examine the effect of phytochemicals in cancer initiation, promotion, signaling, and epigenetic changes. Because of the numerous studies in these topics, we only pointed out to some examples in each section.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Nasim Faridi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nasimian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Heidarzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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195
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WU HAO, LIU QIANG, CAI TAO, CHEN YUDAN, WANG ZHIFEI. Induction of microRNA-146a is involved in curcumin-mediated enhancement of temozolomide cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5461-6. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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196
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Tan HK, Moad AIH, Tan ML. The mTOR signalling pathway in cancer and the potential mTOR inhibitory activities of natural phytochemicals. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:6463-75. [PMID: 25169472 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.16.6463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase plays an important role in regulating cell growth and cell cycle progression in response to cellular signals. It is a key regulator of cell proliferation and many upstream activators and downstream effectors of mTOR are known to be deregulated in various types of cancers. Since the mTOR signalling pathway is commonly activated in human cancers, many researchers are actively developing inhibitors that target key components in the pathway and some of these drugs are already on the market. Numerous preclinical investigations have also suggested that some herbs and natural phytochemicals, such as curcumin, resveratrol, timosaponin III, gallic acid, diosgenin, pomegranate, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCC), genistein and 3,3'-diindolylmethane inhibit the mTOR pathway either directly or indirectly. Some of these natural compounds are also in the clinical trial stage. In this review, the potential anti-cancer and chemopreventive activities and the current status of clinical trials of these phytochemicals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Kean Tan
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Halaman Bukit Gambir, Malaysia E-mail : ,
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197
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Blaylock RL. Methodological problems with population cancer studies: The forgotten confounding factors. Surg Neurol Int 2015; 6:93. [PMID: 26097772 PMCID: PMC4455124 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.157893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Among clinical physicians it is the population study that is considered to be the “gold standard” of medical evidence concerning acceptable treatments. As new information comes to light concerning the many variables and confounding factors that can affect such studies, many older studies lose much of their original impact. While newer population studies take into consideration a far greater number of confounding factors many are still omitted and a number of these omitted factors can have profound effects on interpretation and validity of the study. In this editorial, I will discuss some of the omitted confounding factors and demonstrate how they can alter the interpretation of these papers and their clinical application.
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198
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Nonautophagic cytoplasmic vacuolation death induction in human PC-3M prostate cancer by curcumin through reactive oxygen species -mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10420. [PMID: 26013662 PMCID: PMC4445067 DOI: 10.1038/srep10420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The antiapoptotic and antiautophagic abilities of cancer cells constitute a major challenge for anticancer drug treatment. Strategies for triggering nonapoptotic or nonautophagic cell death may improve therapeutic efficacy against cancer. Curcumin has been reported to exhibit cancer chemopreventive properties. Herein, we report that curcumin induced apoptosis in LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 cells but triggered extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation in PC-3M cells. Electron microscopic images showed that the vacuoles lacked intracellular organelles and were derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Moreover, curcumin-induced vacuolation was not reversed by an apoptosis- or autophagy-related inhibitor, suggesting that vacuolation-mediated cell death differs from classical apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Mechanistic investigations revealed that curcumin treatment upregulated the ER stress markers CHOP and Bip/GRP78 and the autophagic marker LC3-II. In addition, curcumin induced ER stress by triggering ROS generation, which was supported by the finding that treating cells with the antioxidant NAC alleviated curcumin-mediated ER stress and vacuolation-mediated death. An in vivo PC-3M orthotopic prostate cancer model revealed that curcumin reduced tumor growth by inducing ROS production followed by vacuolation-mediated cell death. Overall, our results indicated that curcumin acts as an inducer of ROS production, which leads to nonapoptotic and nonautophagic cell death via increased ER stress.
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199
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Lemaire L, Franconi F, Siegler B, Legendre C, Garcion E. In vitro expansion of U87-MG human glioblastoma cells under hypoxic conditions affects glucose metabolism and subsequent in vivo growth. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7699-710. [PMID: 25934335 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a characteristic feature of solid tumors leading to the over expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein and therefore to a specific cellular behavior. However, even though the oxygen tension in tumors is low (<5 %), most of the cell lines used in cancer studies are grown under 21 % oxygen tension. This work focuses on the impact of oxygen conditions during in vitro cell culture on glucose metabolism using 1-(13)C-glucose. Growing U87-MG glioma cells under hypoxic conditions leads to a two- to threefold reduction of labeled glutamine and an accumulation of fructose. However, under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions, glucose is used for de novo synthesis of pyrimidine since the (13)C label is found both in the uracil and ribose moieties. Labeling of the ribose ring demonstrates that U87-MG glioma cells use the reversible branch of the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. Interestingly, stereotactic implantation of U87-MG cells grown under normoxia or mild hypoxia within the striatum of nude mice led to differential growth; the cells grown under hypoxia retaining an imprint of the oxygen adaptation as their development is then slowed down.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lemaire
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques - MINT' IBS - CHU, 4, rue Larrey, 49933, Angers, France. .,LUNAM Université, Université Angers, UMR-S1066, Angers, France.
| | - F Franconi
- PRIMEX, Université d'Angers, LUNAM Université, Angers, France.,PIAM, Université d'Angers, LUNAM Université, Angers, France
| | - B Siegler
- PIAM, Université d'Angers, LUNAM Université, Angers, France
| | - C Legendre
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques - MINT' IBS - CHU, 4, rue Larrey, 49933, Angers, France.,LUNAM Université, Université Angers, UMR-S1066, Angers, France
| | - E Garcion
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques - MINT' IBS - CHU, 4, rue Larrey, 49933, Angers, France.,LUNAM Université, Université Angers, UMR-S1066, Angers, France
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200
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Fumonisin B1 induces autophagic cell death via activation of ERN1-MAPK8/9/10 pathway in monkey kidney MARC-145 cells. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:985-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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