151
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Niccolai E, Russo E, Baldi S, Ricci F, Nannini G, Pedone M, Stingo FC, Taddei A, Ringressi MN, Bechi P, Mengoni A, Fani R, Bacci G, Fagorzi C, Chiellini C, Prisco D, Ramazzotti M, Amedei A. Significant and Conflicting Correlation of IL-9 With Prevotella and Bacteroides in Human Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 11:573158. [PMID: 33488574 PMCID: PMC7820867 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Gut microbiota (GM) can support colorectal cancer (CRC) progression by modulating immune responses through the production of both immunostimulatory and/or immunosuppressive cytokines. The role of IL-9 is paradigmatic because it can either promote tumor progression in hematological malignancies or inhibit tumorigenesis in solid cancers. Therefore, we investigate the microbiota–immunity axis in healthy and tumor mucosa, focusing on the correlation between cytokine profile and GM signature. Methods In this observational study, we collected tumor (CRC) and healthy (CRC-S) mucosa samples from 45 CRC patients, who were undergoing surgery in 2018 at the Careggi University Hospital (Florence, Italy). First, we characterized the tissue infiltrating lymphocyte subset profile and the GM composition. Subsequently, we evaluated the CRC and CRC-S molecular inflammatory response and correlated this profile with GM composition, using Dirichlet multinomial regression. Results CRC samples displayed higher percentages of Th17, Th2, and Tregs. Moreover, CRC tissues showed significantly higher levels of MIP-1α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IP-10, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, P-selectin, and IL-9. Compared to CRC-S, CRC samples also showed significantly higher levels of the following genera: Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacterium, Ruminococcus2, and Ruminococcus. Finally, the abundance of Prevotella spp. in CRC samples negatively correlated with IL-17A and positively with IL-9. On the contrary, Bacteroides spp. presence negatively correlated with IL-9. Conclusions Our data consolidate antitumor immunity impairment and the presence of a distinct microbiota profile in the tumor microenvironment compared with the healthy mucosa counterpart. Relating the CRC cytokine profile with GM composition, we confirm the presence of bidirectional crosstalk between the immune response and the host’s commensal microorganisms. Indeed, we document, for the first time, that Prevotella spp. and Bacteroides spp. are, respectively, positively and negatively correlated with IL-9, whose role in CRC development is still under debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Niccolai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Federica Ricci
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio" University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Pedone
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti", Florence, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bechi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Mengoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Renato Fani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bacci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Camilla Fagorzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio" University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy
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152
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Chen W, Zhang M, Guo Y, Wang Z, Liu Q, Yan R, Wang Y, Wu Q, Yuan K, Sun W. The Profile and Function of Gut Microbiota in Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:4283-4296. [PMID: 34703261 PMCID: PMC8541750 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s320169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysbiosis of gut microbiota impairs the homeostasis of immune and metabolic systems. Although previous studies have revealed the correlation between gut microbiota and various diseases, the function between gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not been discovered distinctly. In this study, we tried to investigate the profile and function of gut microbiota in DN. METHODS A total of 100 people were enrolled in this study. Twenty were healthy people, 20 were diabetes patients, and 60 were DN patients. The DN patients were divided into three stages including stage III, IV, and V. We conducted taxonomic analyses in different groups. The distributions of phyla, classes, orders, families, and genera in different groups and samples were investigated. We also evaluated the correlations between clinical parameters and gut microbiota in 60 DN patients. RESULTS The gut microbiota in the healthy group, diabetes group, and DN group had 1764 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in total. The healthy group had 1034 OTUs, the diabetes group had 899 OTUs, and the DN group had 1602 OTUs. The diversity of gut microbiota in the stage III DN group was smaller than that in the other groups. 24-h urinary protein was positively correlated with Alistipes and Subdoligranulum, cholesterol was positively correlated with Bacteroides and Lachnoclostridium, and estimated glomerular filtration rate was negatively correlated with Ruminococcus torques group. DISCUSSION The gut microbiota might play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of DN. A change in gut microbiota diversity is correlated with disease progression. Some kinds of gut microbiota including Alistipes, Bacteroides, Subdoligranulum, Lachnoclostridium, and Ruminococcus torques group might be detrimental factors in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjiu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runze Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoru Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Kai Yuan; Weiwei Sun Email ;
| | - Weiwei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
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153
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Samanta S. Potential Impacts of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Cancer Prevention. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 22:605-628. [PMID: 33305713 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621999201210220442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a serious problem throughout the world. The pathophysiology of cancer is multifactorial and is also related to gut microbiota. Intestinal microbes are the useful resident of the healthy human. They play various aspects of human health including nutritional biotransformation, flushing of the pathogens, toxin neutralization, immune response, and onco-suppression. Disruption in the interactions among the gut microbiota, intestinal epithelium, and the host immune system are associated with gastrointestinal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp.) have been regarded as beneficial to health and shown to play a significant role in immunomodulation and displayed preventive role against obesity, diabetes, liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, tumor progression, and cancer. OBJECTIVE The involvement of gut microorganisms in cancer development and prevention has been recognized as a balancing factor. The events of dysbiosis emphasize metabolic disorder and carcinogenesis. The gut flora potentiates immunomodulation and minimizes the limitations of usual chemotherapy. The significant role of prebiotics and probiotics on the improvement of immunomodulation and antitumor properties has been considered. METHODS I had reviewed the literature on the multidimensional activities of prebiotics and probiotics from the NCBI website database PubMed, Springer Nature, Science Direct (Elsevier), Google Scholar database to search relevant articles. Specifically, I had focused on the role of prebiotics and probiotics in immunomodulation and cancer prevention. RESULTS Prebiotics are the nondigestible fermentable sugars that selectively influence the growth of probiotic organisms that exert immunomodulation over the cancerous growth. The oncostatic properties of bacteria are mediated through the recruitment of cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, approaches have also been taken to use probiotics as an adjuvant in cancer therapy. CONCLUSION The present review has indicated that dysbiosis is the crucial factor in many pathological situations including cancer. Applications of prebiotics and probiotics exhibit the immune-surveillance as oncostatic effects. These events increase the possibilities of new therapeutic strategies for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, Paschim Medinipur, 721101, West Bengal,. India
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154
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Shi W, Shen L, Zou W, Wang J, Yang J, Wang Y, Liu B, Xie L, Zhu J, Zhang Z. The Gut Microbiome Is Associated With Therapeutic Responses and Toxicities of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients-A Pilot Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:562463. [PMID: 33363048 PMCID: PMC7756020 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.562463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Responses to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and therapy-related toxicities in rectal cancer vary among patients. To provide the individualized therapeutic option for each patient, predictive markers of therapeutic responses and toxicities are in critical need. We aimed to identify the association of gut microbiome with and its potential predictive value for therapeutic responses and toxicities. In the present study, we collected fecal microbiome samples from patients with rectal cancer at treatment initiation and just after nCRT. Taxonomic profiling via 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed on all samples. Patients were classified as responders versus non-responders. Patients were grouped into no or mild diarrhea and severe diarrhea. STAMP and high-dimensional class comparisons via linear discriminant analysis of effect size (LEfSe) were used to compare the compositional differences between groups. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) was utilized to predict differences in metabolic function between groups. Ten patients were classified as responders and 12 patients were classified as non-responders. Fourteen patients experienced no or mild diarrhea and 8 patients experienced severe diarrhea. Several bacteria taxa with significantly different relative abundances before and after nCRT were identified. Similarly, several baseline bacteria taxa and predicted pathways with significantly different relative abundances between responders and non-responders or between patients no or mild diarrhea and severe diarrhea were identified. Specifically, Shuttleworthia was identified as enriched in responders and several bacteria taxa in the Clostridiales order etc. were identified as enriched in non-responders. Pathways including fatty acid metabolism were predicted to be enriched in responders. In addition, Bifidobacterium, Clostridia, and Bacteroides etc. were identified as enriched in patients with no or mild diarrhea. Pathways including primary bile acid biosynthesis were predicted to be enriched in patients with no or mild diarrhea. Together, the microbiota and pathway markers identified in this study may be utilized to predict the therapeutic responses and therapy-related toxicities of nCRT in patients with rectal cancer. More patient data is needed to verify the current findings and the results of metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and metabolomic analyses will further mine key biomarkers at the compositional and functional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuezhu Wang
- Sequencing Department, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ji Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
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155
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Wong-Rolle A, Wei HK, Zhao C, Jin C. Unexpected guests in the tumor microenvironment: microbiome in cancer. Protein Cell 2020; 12:426-435. [PMID: 33296049 PMCID: PMC8106554 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00813-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although intestinal microbiome have been established as an important biomarker and regulator of cancer development and therapeutic response, less is known about the role of microbiome at other body sites in cancer. Emerging evidence has revealed that the local microbiota make up an important part of the tumor microenvironment across many types of cancer, especially in cancers arising from mucosal sites, including the lung, skin and gastrointestinal tract. The populations of bacteria that reside specifically within tumors have been found to be tumor-type specific, and mechanistic studies have demonstrated that tumor-associated microbiota may directly regulate cancer initiation, progression and responses to chemo- or immuno-therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the important literature on the microbiota in the cancerous tissue, and their function and mechanism of action in cancer development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Wong-Rolle
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 4 Memorial Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Haohan Karen Wei
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chen Zhao
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 4 Memorial Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Chengcheng Jin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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156
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Zhong M, Xiong Y, Ye Z, Zhao J, Zhong L, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Tian L, Qiu X, Hong X. Microbial Community Profiling Distinguishes Left-Sided and Right-Sided Colon Cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:498502. [PMID: 33324571 PMCID: PMC7726112 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.498502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The difference between left- and right-sided colon cancer has become the focus of global attention, and researchers have found differences in the morbidity, molecular biological characteristics, and response to targeted drug therapy between left- and right-sided colon cancer. Therefore, the identification of more effective predictive indicators is critical for providing guidance to future clinical work. We collected samples from different colon sites and regions and analyzed the identities and distributions of differentially expressed species in the microbiota in the left and right sides of the colon to better explore the pathogenesis of colon cancer and provided a basis for individualized drug therapy. We collected samples from different regions in the body of 40 patients with colon cancer, including stool and tissues. The Subjects were classified into four groups, and this classification was mainly based on the colon cancer distribution. The microbiota composition of the left-sided and right-sided colon samples was assessed by specifically amplifying the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene from DNA extracts from the samples. These amplicons were examined by Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencing. The microbial taxa in the left-sided colon samples are more abundant than those in the right-sided colon samples. The flora in the left-sided colon samples, such as Clostridium perfringens and Fusobacterium nucleatum, might be associated with VEGF expression and are more likely to promote colon cancer. The microbiota distribution in the right-sided colon samples is less invasive and harmful and particularly rich in Bifidobacterium dentium. In addition, Streptococcus, which is the target of EGFR, was found to be expressed in both the left- and right-sided colon samples but was found at a higher level in the left-sided colon samples. Additionally, the differential pathways involved in the left-sided colon samples mainly mediate DNA damage, methylation, and histone modifications, whereas those in the right-sided colon samples are dominated by DNA synthesis. The comparison of only the geographical differences revealed a significant difference in the distribution of the microbial population. The adherent microbiota composition and structural changes between the left- and right-sided colon samples might contribute to the development of colon cancer, lead to different morbidities, and further affect the prognosis of patients and their sensitivity to targeted drugs. Therefore, the identification of the differential flora in the colon could be used as an indicator for predicting the occurrence and development of colon cancer, which is also beneficial for future individualized drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yubo Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhijian Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiabao Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lifeng Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lantian Tian
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xingfeng Qiu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuehui Hong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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157
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Kim M, Lee ST, Choi S, Lee H, Kwon SS, Byun JH, Kim YA, Rhee KJ, Choi JR, Kim TI, Lee K. Fusobacterium nucleatum in biopsied tissues from colorectal cancer patients and alcohol consumption in Korea. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19915. [PMID: 33199749 PMCID: PMC7669878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of individual bacteria and their relationship in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CRC-associated bacteria using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) or 16S rRNA analysis and the statistical correlations of patient demographics and clinical characteristics comprising alcohol consumption with CRC-associated bacteria. We determined the prevalence of five CRC-associated bacterial species in 38 CRC patients (39 samples) and 21 normal individuals using qPCR, and the relative abundance of bacterial taxa in the gut microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA analysis. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the only bacterium that was significantly (P < 0.0001) more prevalent in the cancer tissue (82.1%) than in the normal tissue (0%) by qPCR. 16S rRNA analysis showed a significant correlation between six operational taxonomic units (OTUs), namely, the genera Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Collinsella, Prevotella, Parvimonas, and Gemella, in patients with CRC. An integrated analysis using 16S rRNA data and epidemiological characteristics showed that alcohol consumption was significantly correlated with the abundance of Fusobacterium OTUs. The correlation of alcohol consumption with the abundance of Fusobacterium OTUs in cancer tissue discovered using 16S rRNA analysis suggests a possible link between alcohol metabolism and subsequent tumorigenesis caused by F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungsook Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seung-Tae Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Songyi Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sun Sung Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Byun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeonsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University College of Health Sciences, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jong Rak Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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158
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Zorzi M, Cavestro GM, Guzzinati S, Dal Maso L, Rugge M. Decline in the incidence of colorectal cancer and the associated mortality in young Italian adults. Gut 2020; 69:1902-1903. [PMID: 31843788 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Zorzi
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Martina Cavestro
- Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University - Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Luigino Dal Maso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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159
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Janney A, Powrie F, Mann EH. Host–microbiota maladaptation in colorectal cancer. Nature 2020; 585:509-517. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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160
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Influence of Intratumor Microbiome on Clinical Outcome and Immune Processes in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092524. [PMID: 32899474 PMCID: PMC7564876 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary While the intratumor microbiome has been largely unexplored in relation to prostate cancer development, our research shows that microbes may play an anti-tumor or pro-tumor role to significantly alter clinical course in prostate cancer patients. We found that the presence and absence of specific microbes are strongly correlated with known biomarkers of prostate cancer, including increased androgen receptor expression, prostate-specific antigen level, immune-associated gene dysregulation, stem-cell related gene overexpression, cancer pathways, and known chromosomal alterations. Our results provide important insight on potential mechanisms by which intratumor microbes may greatly contribute to prostate cancer progression and prognosis. We hope our results can be validated in future studies, and the key microbes that we identified can be used as effective targets for more specialized prebiotic and probiotic treatments for prostate cancer. Abstract Although 1 in 9 American men will receive a diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC), most men with this diagnosis will not die from it, as most PCs are indolent. However, there is a subset of patients in which the once-indolent PC becomes metastatic and eventually, fatal. In this study, we analyzed microbial compositions of intratumor bacteria in PC to determine the influence of the microbiome on metastatic growth. Using large-scale RNA-sequencing data and corresponding clinical data, we correlated the abundance of microbes to immune pathways and PC risk factors, identifying specific microbes that either significantly deter or contribute to cancer aggressiveness. Interestingly, most of the microbes we found appeared to play anti-tumor roles in PC. Since these anti-tumor microbes were overrepresented in tumor samples, we believe that microbes thrive in the tumor microenvironment, outcompete cancer cells, and directly mitigate tumor growth by recruiting immune cells. These include Listeria monocytogenes, Methylobacterium radiotolerans JCM 2831, Xanthomonas albilineans GPE PC73, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum, which are negatively correlated with Gleason score, Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and Androgen Receptor (AR) expression, respectively. We also identified microbes that contribute to tumor growth and are positively correlated with genomic alterations, dysregulated immune-associated (IA) genes, and prostate cancer stem cells (PCSC) genes.
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Kudera T, Doskocil I, Salmonova H, Petrtyl M, Skrivanova E, Kokoska L. In Vitro Selective Growth-Inhibitory Activities of Phytochemicals, Synthetic Phytochemical Analogs, and Antibiotics against Diarrheagenic/Probiotic Bacteria and Cancer/Normal Intestinal Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E233. [PMID: 32899218 PMCID: PMC7558399 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A desirable attribute of novel antimicrobial agents for bacterial diarrhea is decreased toxicity toward host intestinal microbiota. In addition, gut dysbiosis is associated with an increased risk of developing intestinal cancer. In this study, the selective growth-inhibitory activities of ten phytochemicals and their synthetic analogs (berberine, bismuth subsalicylate, ferron, 8-hydroxyquinoline, chloroxine, nitroxoline, salicylic acid, sanguinarine, tannic acid, and zinc pyrithione), as well as those of six commercial antibiotics (ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, tetracycline, and vancomycin) against 21 intestinal pathogenic/probiotic (e.g., Salmonella spp. and bifidobacteria) bacterial strains and three intestinal cancer/normal (Caco-2, HT29, and FHs 74 Int) cell lines were examined in vitro using the broth microdilution method and thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay. Chloroxine, ciprofloxacin, nitroxoline, tetracycline, and zinc pyrithione exhibited the most potent selective growth-inhibitory activity against pathogens, whereas 8-hydroxyquinoline, chloroxine, nitroxoline, sanguinarine, and zinc pyrithione exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. None of the tested antibiotics were cytotoxic to normal cells, whereas 8-hydroxyquinoline and sanguinarine exhibited selective antiproliferative activity against cancer cells. These findings indicate that 8-hydroxyquinoline alkaloids and metal-pyridine derivative complexes are chemical structures derived from plants with potential bioactive properties in terms of selective antibacterial and anticancer activities against diarrheagenic bacteria and intestinal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Kudera
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Ivo Doskocil
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; (I.D.); (H.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Hana Salmonova
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; (I.D.); (H.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Miloslav Petrtyl
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic;
| | - Eva Skrivanova
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic; (I.D.); (H.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Ladislav Kokoska
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic;
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162
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Abstract
A paper published in Science probes over 1500 tumor samples from multiple cancer types for markers of a tumor microbiome and viable bacteria. Unique intertumoral and intracellular signatures associated with clinical biomarkers and metabolic pathways provide clues to the roles bacteria play in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leigh Greathouse
- Human Science and Design, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Joshua K Stone
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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163
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Zhang B, Xu Y, Liu S, Lv H, Hu Y, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang J, Ji X, Ma H, Wang X, Wang S. Dietary Supplementation of Foxtail Millet Ameliorates Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice via Activation of Gut Receptors and Suppression of the STAT3 Pathway. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082367. [PMID: 32784751 PMCID: PMC7468867 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coarse cereal intake has been reported to be associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer. However, evidence from intervention studies is absent and the molecular basis of this phenomenon remains largely unexplored. This study sought to investigate the effects of foxtail millet and rice, two common staple grains in Asia, on the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and define the mechanism involved. In total, 40 BALB/c mice were randomized into four groups. The Normal and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) groups were supplied with an AIN-93G diet, while the millet- and rice-treated groups were supplied with a modified AIN-93G diet. Compared to the AOM/DSS-induced CAC mice supplemented with rice, an increased survival rate, suppressed tumor burden, and reduced disease activity index were observed in the millet-treated group. The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 were decreased in the millet-treated group compared to both the AOM/DSS and AOM/DSS + rice groups. Millet treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 and the related signaling proteins involved in cell proliferation, survival and angiogenesis. These beneficial effects were mediated by the activation of gut receptors AHR and GPCRs via the microbial metabolites (indole derivates and short-chain fatty acids) of foxtail millet. Moreover, millet-treatment increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroidales_S24-7 compared to the rice-treated mice. This study could help researchers to develop better dietary patterns that work against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and for CAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Yingchuan Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Shuang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Huan Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Yaozhong Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Yaya Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Zhi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Jin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Xuemeng Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Hui Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;
- Shanxi Functional Food Research Institute, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (B.Z.); (Y.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (J.W.); (X.J.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-22-85358445
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164
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Hsiao YC, Liu CW, Chi L, Yang Y, Lu K. Effects of Gut Microbiome on Carcinogenic DNA Damage. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2130-2138. [PMID: 32677427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The human intestine is host to a vast microbial community: the gut microbiome (GM). The GM has been considered as a key modulator of human health in the past decade. In particular, several studies have supported that altered GM is associated with cancer, such as colorectal cancer, adenocarcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. The formation of a DNA adduct is one of the key events in carcinogenesis, and whether GM can influence DNA adducts has yet to be examined. This study analyzed 10 DNA adducts (N2-Me-dG, N6-Me-dA, N2-Et-dG, OH-Me-dG, OH-Me-dA, N2-EtD-dG, O6-Me-dG, 1,N2-ε-dG, 8-oxo-dG, and 5-Cl-dC), attributed to various endogenous processes and physiological stressors, using highly sensitive LC-MS/MS in germ-free (GF) and conventionally raised (CONV-R) mice. Our results showed that significant differences in specific DNA adducts appeared in liver, colon, and small intestine samples between GF and CONV-R mice. The differences in adduct levels may indicate that GM can locally or systemically regulate endogenous processes including neutrophil bactericidal activity (represented by 5-Cl-dC), lipid peroxidation (1,N2-ε-dG), oxidative stress generation (8-oxo-dG), and endogenous aldehyde metabolism (OH-Me-dA). Further studies are warranted to elucidate how the GM influences endogenous process, DNA damage, and the risks of developing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chung Hsiao
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Chih-Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Liang Chi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yifei Yang
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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165
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Casasanta MA, Yoo CC, Udayasuryan B, Sanders BE, Umaña A, Zhang Y, Peng H, Duncan AJ, Wang Y, Li L, Verbridge SS, Slade DJ. Fusobacterium nucleatum host-cell binding and invasion induces IL-8 and CXCL1 secretion that drives colorectal cancer cell migration. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/641/eaba9157. [PMID: 32694172 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aba9157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is implicated in accelerating colorectal cancer (CRC) and is found within metastatic CRC cells in patient biopsies. Here, we found that bacterial invasion of CRC cells and cocultured immune cells induced a differential cytokine secretion that may contribute to CRC metastasis. We used a modified galactose kinase markerless gene deletion approach and found that F. nucleatum invaded cultured HCT116 CRC cells through the bacterial surface adhesin Fap2. In turn, Fap2-dependent invasion induced the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and CXCL1, which are associated with CRC progression and promoted HCT116 cell migration. Conditioned medium from F. nucleatum-infected HCT116 cells caused naïve cells to migrate, which was blocked by depleting CXCL1 and IL-8 from the conditioned medium. Cytokine secretion from HCT116 cells and cellular migration were attenuated by inhibiting F. nucleatum host-cell binding and entry using galactose sugars, l-arginine, neutralizing membrane protein antibodies, or fap2 deletion. F. nucleatum also induces the mobilization of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, in neutrophils and macrophages, the bacterial-induced secretion of cytokines was Fap2 independent. Thus, our findings show that F. nucleatum both directly and indirectly modulates immune and cancer cell signaling and migration. Because increased IL-8 and CXCL1 production in tumors is associated with increased metastatic potential and cell seeding, poor prognosis, and enhanced recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages and fibroblasts, we propose that inhibition of host-cell binding and invasion, potentially through vaccination or novel galactoside compounds, could be an effective strategy for reducing F. nucleatum-associated CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Casasanta
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Christopher C Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Barath Udayasuryan
- Laboratory of Integrative Tumor Ecology, and Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Blake E Sanders
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Ariana Umaña
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Huaiyao Peng
- Laboratory of Integrative Tumor Ecology, and Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Alison J Duncan
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Yueying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Scott S Verbridge
- Laboratory of Integrative Tumor Ecology, and Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Daniel J Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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166
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Mann EH, Maughan TS. Fusobacterium nucleatum, rectal cancer and radiotherapy. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1277-1278. [PMID: 32629022 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E H Mann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - T S Maughan
- Department of Oncology, MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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167
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Lu JJ, Wang YT. Identification of anti-cancer compounds from natural products. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:481-482. [PMID: 32616187 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
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168
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The microbiome in inflammatory bowel diseases: from pathogenesis to therapy. Protein Cell 2020; 12:331-345. [PMID: 32601832 PMCID: PMC8106558 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global disease with accelerating incidence worldwide in the 21st century while its accurate etiology remains unclear. In the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has consistently been associated with IBD. Although many IBD-associated dysbiosis have not been proven to be a cause or an effect of IBD, it is often hypothesized that at least some of alteration in microbiome is protective or causative. In this article, we selectively reviewed the hypothesis supported by both association studies in human and pathogenesis studies in biological models. Specifically, we reviewed the potential protective bacterial pathways and species against IBD, as well as the potential causative bacterial pathways and species of IBD. We also reviewed the potential roles of some members of mycobiome and virome in IBD. Lastly, we covered the current status of therapeutic approaches targeting microbiome, which is a promising strategy to alleviate and cure this inflammatory disease.
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169
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He C, Peng C, Xia Z, Lu N. Letter: are microbes other than Helicobacter pylori associated with gastric cancer? Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020; 51:1446-1447. [PMID: 32445521 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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170
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He J, Xu S, Zhang B, Xiao C, Chen Z, Si F, Fu J, Lin X, Zheng G, Yu G, Chen J. Gut microbiota and metabolite alterations associated with reduced bone mineral density or bone metabolic indexes in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8583-8604. [PMID: 32392181 PMCID: PMC7244073 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with an altered microbiota in senile osteoporosis. However, the relationship among gut microbiota, BMD and bone metabolic indexes remains unknown in postmenopausal osteoporosis. In this study, fecal microbiota profiles for 106 postmenopausal individuals with osteopenia (n=33) or osteoporosis (n=42) or with normal BMD (n=31) were determined. An integrated 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS-based metabolomics approach was applied to explore the association of estrogen-reduced osteoporosis with the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic phenotype. Adjustments were made using several statistical models for potential confounding variables identified from the literature. The results demonstrated decreased bacterial richness and diversity in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Additionally, showed significant differences in abundance levels among phyla and genera in the gut microbial community were found. Moreover, postmenopausal osteopenia-enriched N-acetylmannosamine correlated negatively with BMD, and distinguishing metabolites were closely associated with gut bacterial variation. Both serum procollagen type I N propeptide (P1NP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1) correlated positively with osteopenia-enriched Allisonella, Klebsiella and Megasphaera. However, we did not find a significant correlation between bacterial diversity and estrogen. These observations will lead to a better understanding of the relationship between bone homeostasis and the microbiota in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan He
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Shuangbin Xu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bangzhou Zhang
- Institute for Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chuanxing Xiao
- Institute for Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhangran Chen
- Institute for Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fuyou Si
- Institute for Microbial Ecology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jifan Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinyu People's Hospital, Xinyu 338000, China
| | - Xiaomei Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Guangchuang Yu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
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171
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Jeong CH, Kwon HC, Cheng WN, Kim DH, Choi Y, Han SG. Aluminum exposure promotes the metastatic proclivity of human colorectal cancer cells through matrix metalloproteinases and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 141:111402. [PMID: 32437896 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human exposure to aluminum (Al) mainly occurs through food intake. However, influences of Al on the gastrointestinal tract have been rarely reported. In particular, the effect of Al on the metastasis and angiogenesis of colorectal cancer cells has not been studied. Thus, we investigated the effect of Al on the metastatic proclivity using the human colorectal cancer cell line, HT-29. Cells were exposed to 1-16 mM AlCl3 for 3-72 h. The effects of AlCl3 on HT-29 cells for migration/invasion/adhesion, and metastasis-associated protein and gene expression were evaluated. AlCl3 promoted cell migration and invasion, whereas it suppressed cell adhesion. AlCl3-exposed cells showed decreased E-cadherin and increased vimentin and Snail. AlCl3 increased transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) mRNA expression and Smad2/3 nuclear translocation. AlCl3-treated cells had a higher mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 and -9 than the control. Particularly, AlCl3-treated HT-29 cells promoted the angiogenesis of endothelial cells via increasing the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor. Taken together, AlCl3 can promote the metastatic proclivity of colorectal cancer cells through MMP-7, -9, and TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. Our data suggest that Al exposure of the gastrointestinal tract may be a risk factor for metastasis initiation in colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hee Jeong
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Cheol Kwon
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Nee Cheng
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hyun Kim
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gu Han
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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172
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Elsalem L, Jum'ah AA, Alfaqih MA, Aloudat O. The Bacterial Microbiota of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2020; 13:151-185. [PMID: 32440192 PMCID: PMC7211962 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s243337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has an essential role in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal diseases including cancer. This effect is mediated through different mechanisms such as damaging DNA, activation of oncogenic pathways, production of carcinogenic metabolites, stimulation of chronic inflammation, and inhibition of antitumor immunity. Recently, the concept of "pharmacomicrobiomics" has emerged as a new field concerned with exploring the interplay between drugs and microbes. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota and their metabolites have a major impact on the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic responses toward anticancer drugs including conventional chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapeutics. In addition, microbiota appears as an attractive target for cancer prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of bacterial microbiota in the pathogenesis of different cancer types affecting the gastrointestinal tract system. We also scrutinize the evidence regarding the role of microbiota in anticancer drug responses. Further, we discuss the use of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics, either alone or in combination with anticancer drugs for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Jum'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Osama Aloudat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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173
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Lau DK, Burge M, Roy A, Chau I, Haller DG, Shapiro JD, Peeters M, Pavlakis N, Karapetis CS, Tebbutt NC, Segelov E, Price TJ. Update on optimal treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer from the AGITG expert meeting: ESMO congress 2019. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:251-270. [PMID: 32186929 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1744439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer are improving, due to the tailoring of therapy enabled by better understanding of clinical behavior according to molecular subtype.Areas covered: A review of the literature and recent conference presentations was undertaken on the topic of systemic treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. This review summarizes expert discussion of the current evidence for therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on molecular subgrouping.Expert opinion: EGFR-targeted and VEGF-targeted antibodies are now routinely incorporated into treatment strategies for mCRC. EGFR-targeted antibodies are restricted to patients with extended RAS wild-type profiles, with evidence that they should be further restricted to patients with left-sided tumors. Clinically distinct treatment pathways based on tumor RAS, BRAF, HER2 and MMR status, are now clinically applicable. Evidence suggests therapy for additional subgroups will soon be defined; the most advanced being for patients with KRAS G12 C mutation and gene TRK fusion defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Lau
- GI and Lymphoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London and Surrey, UK
| | - Matthew Burge
- Medical Oncology, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amitesh Roy
- Medical Oncology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Ian Chau
- GI and Lymphoma Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London and Surrey, UK
| | - Daniel G Haller
- Abramson Cancer Center at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeremy D Shapiro
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Medical Oncology, Cabrini Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marc Peeters
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.,Sydney University, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Niall C Tebbutt
- Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eva Segelov
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Medical Oncology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Australia
| | - Timothy J Price
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia
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174
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Haruki K, Kosumi K, Hamada T, Twombly TS, Väyrynen JP, Kim SA, Masugi Y, Qian ZR, Mima K, Baba Y, da Silva A, Borowsky J, Arima K, Fujiyoshi K, Lau MC, Li P, Guo C, Chen Y, Song M, Nowak JA, Nishihara R, Yanaga K, Zhang X, Wu K, Bullman S, Garrett WS, Huttenhower C, Meyerhardt JA, Giannakis M, Chan AT, Fuchs CS, Ogino S. Association of autophagy status with amount of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer. J Pathol 2020; 250:397-408. [PMID: 31880318 PMCID: PMC7282529 DOI: 10.1002/path.5381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), which has been associated with colorectal carcinogenesis, can impair anti-tumour immunity, and actively invade colon epithelial cells. Considering the critical role of autophagy in host defence against microorganisms, we hypothesised that autophagic activity of tumour cells might influence the amount of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer tissue. Using 724 rectal and colon cancer cases within the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we evaluated autophagic activity of tumour cells by immunohistochemical analyses of BECN1 (beclin 1), MAP1LC3 (LC3), and SQSTM1 (p62) expression. We measured the amount of F. nucleatum DNA in tumour tissue by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We conducted multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses to examine the association of tumour BECN1, MAP1LC3, and SQSTM1 expression with the amount of F. nucleatum, adjusting for potential confounders, including microsatellite instability status; CpG island methylator phenotype; long-interspersed nucleotide element-1 methylation; and KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutations. Compared with BECN1-low cases, BECN1-intermediate and BECN1-high cases were associated with lower amounts of F. nucleatum with odds ratios (for a unit increase in three ordinal categories of the amount of F. nucleatum) of 0.54 (95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.99) and 0.31 (95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.60), respectively (Ptrend < 0.001 across ordinal BECN1 categories). Tumour MAP1LC3 and SQSTM1 levels were not significantly associated with the amount of F. nucleatum (Ptrend > 0.06). Tumour BECN1, MAP1LC3, and SQSTM1 levels were not significantly associated with patient survival (Ptrend > 0.10). In conclusion, tumour BECN1 expression is inversely associated with the amount of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer tissue, suggesting a possible role of autophagy in the elimination of invasive microorganisms. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kosumi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamada
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler S. Twombly
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juha P. Väyrynen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sun A. Kim
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yohei Masugi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhi Rong Qian
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Scientific Research Center and Digestive Disease Center, the seventh affiliated hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kosuke Mima
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annacarolina da Silva
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Borowsky
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kota Arima
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenji Fujiyoshi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mai Chan Lau
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peilong Li
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chunguang Guo
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Nowak
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reiko Nishihara
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Yanaga
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kana Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Bullman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wendy S. Garrett
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marios Giannakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S. Fuchs
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Smilow Cancer Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
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175
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Chénard T, Malick M, Dubé J, Massé E. The influence of blood on the human gut microbiome. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:44. [PMID: 32126968 PMCID: PMC7055051 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01724-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prevailing causes of cancer mortality in the world. A common screening test for CRC is based on the human hemoglobin immunochemical based fecal occult blood test (iFOBT), which consists in the detection of blood in the patient's stool. In addition to iFOBT, recent studies support the use of the gut microbiome as a biomarker for CRC prediction. However, these studies did not take into account the effect of blood itself on the microbiome composition, independently of CRC. Therefore, we investigated the microbiome of patients undergoing the iFOBT screening in order to determine the effect of blood alone. Our cohort consisted of patients who had no blood in their stools (n = 265) or did have blood but no underlying precancerous or cancerous lesions (n = 235). We also identified bacterial taxa specifically associated with the presence of blood in stools. RESULTS We observed significant differences in the intestinal bacterial composition that could be solely caused by the presence of blood in stools. More precisely, we identified 12 bacterial species showing significant differences in abundance between both our study groups. These species, Bacteroides uniformis, Collinsella aerofaciens, Eggerthella lenta and Clostridium symbiosum demonstrated increased abundance in the presence of blood. In contrast, the species Prevotella copri, Coprococcus eutactus and catus, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia faecis, Blautia obeum, Gemmiger formicilis and Clostridium celatum showed decreased abundance in patients with blood in their stools. Notably, we found multiple taxa that were reported in previous studies linking microbiome composition and diseases. CONCLUSIONS We show that, in the absence of disease, blood in the stools has a major influence on the composition of the microbiome. Our data suggest that blood itself should be taken into consideration when investigating the microbiome signatures of intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Chénard
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault Street, Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Mandy Malick
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault Street, Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Jean Dubé
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault Street, Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Eric Massé
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault Street, Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E 4K8, Canada.
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176
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Chorna N, Romaguera J, Godoy-Vitorino F. Cervicovaginal Microbiome and Urine Metabolome Paired Analysis Reveals Niche Partitioning of the Microbiota in Patients with Human Papilloma Virus Infections. Metabolites 2020; 10:E36. [PMID: 31952112 PMCID: PMC7022855 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate the association between vaginal and cervical human papillomavirus infections high-risk types (HPV+H), negative controls (HPV-), the bacterial biota, and urinary metabolites via integration of metagenomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics analysis. We recently proposed that testing urine as a biofluid could be a non-invasive method for the detection of cervical HPV+H infections by evaluating the association between cervical HPV types and a total of 24 urinary metabolites identified in the samples. As a follow-up study, we expanded the analysis by pairing the urine metabolome data with vaginal and cervical microbiota in selected samples from 19 Puerto Rican women diagnosed with HPV+H infections and HPV- controls, using a novel comprehensive framework, Model-based Integration of Metabolite Observations and Species Abundances 2 (MIMOSA2). This approach enabled us to estimate the functional activities of the cervicovaginal microbiome associated with HPV+H infections. Our results suggest that HPV+H infections could induce changes in physicochemical properties of the genital tract through which niche partitioning may occur. As a result, Lactobacillus sp. enrichment coincided with the depletion of L. iners and Shuttleworthia, which dominate under normal physiological conditions. Changes in the diversity of microbial species in HPV+H groups influence the capacity of new community members to produce or consume metabolites. In particular, the functionalities of four metabolic enzymes were predicted to be associated with the microbiota, including acylphosphatase, prolyl aminopeptidase, prolyl-tRNA synthetase, and threonyl-tRNA synthetase. Such metabolic changes may influence systemic health effects in women at risk of developing cervical cancer. Overall, even assuming the limitation of the power due to the small sample number, our study adds to current knowledge by suggesting how microbial taxonomic and metabolic shifts induced by HPV infections may influence the maintenance of microbial homeostasis and indicate that HPV+H infections may alter the ecological balance of the cervicovaginal microbiota, resulting in higher bacterial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Chorna
- Department of Biochemistry, UPR School of Medicine, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
- PR-INBRE Metabolomics Research Core, UPR School of Medicine, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Josefina Romaguera
- Department of Ob-Gyn, UPR School of Medicine, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico;
| | - Filipa Godoy-Vitorino
- Department of Microbiology & Medical Zoology, UPR School of Medicine, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
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177
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Peng M, Lee SH, Rahaman SO, Biswas D. Dietary probiotic and metabolites improve intestinal homeostasis and prevent colorectal cancer. Food Funct 2020; 11:10724-10735. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02652b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolites from Lactobacillus casei display substantial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, inhibit colorectal cancer cell proliferation and growth, and modulate gut microfloral composition, specifically reducing sulfidogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Peng
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences
- University of Maryland
- College Park
- USA
- Biological Sciences Program
| | - Seong-Ho Lee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- University of Maryland
- College Park
- USA
| | - Shaik O. Rahaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- University of Maryland
- College Park
- USA
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences
- University of Maryland
- College Park
- USA
- Biological Sciences Program
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178
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Ji X, Hou C, Gao Y, Xue Y, Yan Y, Guo X. Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota modulatory effects of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) polysaccharides in a colorectal cancer mouse model. Food Funct 2020; 11:163-173. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02171j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has reported that the gut microbiota could play important roles in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Ji
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Hou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Gao
- Basic Medical College
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Shijiazhuang 050200
- PR China
| | - Yuqiang Xue
- Basic Medical College
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Shijiazhuang 050200
- PR China
| | - Yizhe Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
- Zhengzhou 450002
- P.R. China
| | - Xudan Guo
- Basic Medical College
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine
- Shijiazhuang 050200
- PR China
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179
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nuzzo
- Computational Biology, Human Genetics, R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Mail Stop UP12-200 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426-0989, United States
| | - James R. Brown
- Computational Biology, Human Genetics, R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Mail Stop UP12-200 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426-0989, United States
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180
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Settanni CR, Quaranta G, Bibbò S, Gasbarrini A, Cammarota G, Ianiro G. Oral supplementation with lactobacilli to prevent colorectal cancer in preclinical models. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 2019; 66:48-69. [PMID: 31760735 DOI: 10.23736/s1121-421x.19.02631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a major threat for public health, as it is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women and it ranks second among tumors in terms of mortality. Evidence from the last decades emphasizes the complex role of gut microbial composition in CRC development. Historically, it is believed that dairy products, a source of lactobacilli and other lactic acid bacteria, are beneficial for human health and help in preventing CRC. We searched online literature for trials evaluating the preventive role of lactobacilli in CRC animal models. Most of selected studied assessed a relevant role of lactobacilli in preventing CRC and precursor lesions. Mechanisms through which this effect was achieved are supposed to regard immunomodulation, regulation of apoptosis, gut microbial modulation, genes expression, reduction of oxidative stress and others. Lactobacilli oral supplementation is reported to be effective in preventing CRC in animal models, even if the underlying mechanisms of action are still not fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo R Settanni
- Digestive Disease Center, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Quaranta
- Institute of Microbiology, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bibbò
- Digestive Disease Center, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Digestive Disease Center, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cammarota
- Digestive Disease Center, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Digestive Disease Center, Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Sacred Heart Catholic University, Rome, Italy -
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181
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Abstract
AbstractAlong with the development of modern science, medical knowledge and therapy become more and more precise and personal as a consequence. Genetics and immunology participate in the progress in particular. They open the way to molecular knowledge, allowing precise interpretation of pathology in individual cases followed by finding proper therapy. However, the large-scale improvement of medical efficacy seems to be achieved with the development of screening tests that, being not invasive and cheap, may allow for personal repeatable use and early revealing of threatening diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Konieczny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Lazarza 16, 31-530 Krakow, Poland
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182
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Reglero C, Reglero G. Precision Nutrition and Cancer Relapse Prevention: A Systematic Literature Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2799. [PMID: 31744117 PMCID: PMC6893579 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer mortality rates are undergoing a global downward trend; however, metastasis and relapse after surgery and adjuvant treatments still correlate with poor prognosis and represent the most significant challenges in the treatment of this disease. Advances in genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics are improving our understanding regarding cancer metabolic diversity, resulting in detailed classifications of tumors and raising the effectiveness of precision medicine. Likewise, the growing knowledge of interactions between nutrients and the expression of certain genes could lead to cancer therapies based on precision nutrition strategies. This review aims to identify the recent advances in the knowledge of the mechanistic role of bioactive phytochemicals in foodstuffs in tumor progression, metastasis, and chemo-resistance in order to assess their potential use in precision nutrition therapies targeting relapse in lung, breast, colon, and prostate cancer, and leukemia. A considerable number of bioactive phytochemicals in foodstuffs were identified in the literature with proven effects modulating tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. In addition, the use of foodstuffs in cancer, and specifically in relapse therapies, is being reinforced by the development of different formulations that significantly increase the therapeutic efficiency of these products. This can open the possibility for testing combinations of bioactive phytochemicals with cancer relapse treatments as a potential prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Reglero
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- IMDEA Food Institute, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Autónoma de Madrid University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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183
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Tarashi S, Siadat SD, Ahmadi Badi S, Zali M, Biassoni R, Ponzoni M, Moshiri A. Gut Bacteria and their Metabolites: Which One Is the Defendant for Colorectal Cancer? Microorganisms 2019; 7:E561. [PMID: 31766208 PMCID: PMC6920974 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide health concern which requires efficient therapeutic strategies. The mechanisms underlying CRC remain an essential subject of investigations in the cancer biology field. The evaluation of human microbiota can be critical in this regard, since the disruption of the normal community of gut bacteria is an important issue in the development of CRC. However, several studies have already evaluated the different aspects of the association between microbiota and CRC. The current study aimed at reviewing and summarizing most of the studies on the modifications of gut bacteria detected in stool and tissue samples of CRC cases. In addition, the importance of metabolites derived from gut bacteria, their relationship with the microbiota, and epigenetic modifications have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Tarashi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran; (S.T.); (S.D.S.); (S.A.B.)
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19857-17411 Tehran, Iran;
| | - Roberto Biassoni
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, IRCCS Instituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Mirco Ponzoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Arfa Moshiri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 19857-17411 Tehran, Iran;
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
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184
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Zhang Z, Tang H, Chen P, Xie H, Tao Y. Demystifying the manipulation of host immunity, metabolism, and extraintestinal tumors by the gut microbiome. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:41. [PMID: 31637019 PMCID: PMC6799818 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The trillions of microorganisms in the gut microbiome have attracted much attention recently owing to their sophisticated and widespread impacts on numerous aspects of host pathophysiology. Remarkable progress in large-scale sequencing and mass spectrometry has increased our understanding of the influence of the microbiome and/or its metabolites on the onset and progression of extraintestinal cancers and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Given the plasticity in microbial composition and function, microbial-based therapeutic interventions, including dietary modulation, prebiotics, and probiotics, as well as fecal microbial transplantation, potentially permit the development of novel strategies for cancer therapy to improve clinical outcomes. Herein, we summarize the latest evidence on the involvement of the gut microbiome in host immunity and metabolism, the effects of the microbiome on extraintestinal cancers and the immune response, and strategies to modulate the gut microbiome, and we discuss ongoing studies and future areas of research that deserve focused research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, China
| | - Haosheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078 Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078 Changsha, Hunan China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011 Changsha, China
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