151
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Li K, Wang M, Hu Y, Xu N, Yu Q, Wang Q. TAK1 knockdown enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in myeloid cells via unleashing MEKK3 activity. Cell Immunol 2016; 310:193-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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152
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Khan TA, Schimke LF, Amaral EP, Ishfaq M, Barbosa Bonfim CC, Rahman H, Iqbal A, D'Império Lima MR, Costa Carvalho BT, Cabral-Marques O, Condino-Neto A. Interferon-gamma reduces the proliferation of M. tuberculosis within macrophages from a patient with a novel hypomorphic NEMO mutation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016; 63:1863-6. [PMID: 27391872 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
X-linked ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (XL-EDA-ID) is caused by mutations in the nuclear factor-kappa B essential modulator (NEMO) gene. Here, we report the clinical and genetic features of a XL-EDA-ID patient who developed bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection. Patient lymphocytes failed to degrade IκB-α, and sequencing of NEMO identified the novel mutation c.1238A>C/p.H413P. Furthermore, patient monocyte-derived macrophages ingested Mycobacterium tuberculosis normally, but failed to control the intracellular proliferation of bacilli, a defect which was improved in the presence of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). This work expands the genetic spectrum of XL-EDA-ID and demonstrates improvement in macrophage function in a NEMO-deficient patient by IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taj Ali Khan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Lena Friederike Schimke
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pinheiro Amaral
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Basic Science Research Department, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Caio César Barbosa Bonfim
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hazir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Otavio Cabral-Marques
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Rheumatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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153
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Swarnkar G, Shim K, Nasir AM, Seehra K, Chen HPT, Mbalaviele G, Abu-Amer Y. Myeloid Deletion of Nemo Causes Osteopetrosis in Mice Owing to Upregulation of Transcriptional Repressors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29896. [PMID: 27435916 PMCID: PMC4951754 DOI: 10.1038/srep29896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB is central to numerous physiologic processes including bone development, and its activation is controlled by IKKγ (also called NEMO), the regulatory subunit of IKK complex. NEMO is X-linked, and mutations in this gene result in Incontinentia Pigmenti in human hemizygous females. In mice, global deficiency causes embryonic lethality. In addition, certain point mutations in the NEMO (IKBKG) human gene manifest skeletal defects implicating NEMO in the regulation of bone homeostasis. To specifically investigate such role, we conditionally deleted Nemo from osteoclast and myeloid progenitors. Morphometric, histologic, and molecular analyses demonstrate that myeloid NEMO deletion causes osteopetrosis in mice. Mechanistically, NEMO deficiency hampered activation of IKK complex in osteoclast precursors, causing arrest of osteoclastogenesis and apoptosis. Interestingly, inhibiting apoptosis by genetic ablation of TNFr1 significantly increased cell survival, but failed to rescue osteoclastogenesis or reverse osteopetrosis. Based on this observation, we analyzed the expression of different regulators of osteoclastogenesis and discovered that NEMO deletion leads to increased RBPJ expression, resulting in a decrease of Blimp1 expression. Consequently, expression of IRF8 and Bcl6 which are targets of Blimp1 and potent osteoclastogenic transcriptional repressors, is increased. Thus, NEMO governs survival and osteoclast differentiation programs through serial regulation of multiple transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Swarnkar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kyuhwan Shim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amjad M Nasir
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kuljeet Seehra
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hung-Po Tim Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yousef Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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154
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The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Gnaphalium affine Through Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells and Analysis of Its Phytochemical Components. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 74:407-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-016-0744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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155
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Jakkampudi A, Jangala R, Reddy BR, Mitnala S, Nageshwar Reddy D, Talukdar R. NF-κB in acute pancreatitis: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pancreatology 2016; 16:477-88. [PMID: 27282980 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) is increasing globally and mortality could be high among patients with organ failure and infected necrosis. The predominant factors responsible for the morbidity and mortality of AP are systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction. Even though preclinical studies have shown antisecretory agents (somatostatin), antioxidants (S-adenosyl methionine [SAM], selenium), protease inhibitors, platelet activating factor inhibitor (Lexipafant), and anti-inflammatory immunomodulators (eg. prostaglandin E, indomethacin) to benefit AP in terms of reducing the severity and/or mortality, most of these agents have shown heterogeneous results in clinical studies. Several years of experimental studies have implicated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation as an early and central event in the progression of inflammation in AP. In this manuscript, we review the literature on the role of NF-κB in the pathogenesis of AP, its early intraacinar activation, and how it results in progression of the disease. We also discuss why anti-protease, antisecretory, and anti-inflammatory agents are unlikely to be effective in clinical acute pancreatitis. NF-κB, being a central molecule that links the initial acinar injury to systemic inflammation and perpetuate the inflammation, we propose that more studies be focussed towards targeted inhibition of NF-κB activity. Direct NF-κB inhibition strategies have already been attempted in patients with various cancers. So far, peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) ligand, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), proteasome inhibitor and calpain I inhibitor have been shown to have direct inhibitory effects on NF-κB activation in experimental AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Jakkampudi
- Wellcome-DBT Laboratory, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ramaiah Jangala
- Wellcome-DBT Laboratory, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India
| | - B Ratnakar Reddy
- Wellcome-DBT Laboratory, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sasikala Mitnala
- Wellcome-DBT Laboratory, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India
| | - D Nageshwar Reddy
- Dept. of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rupjyoti Talukdar
- Wellcome-DBT Laboratory, Asian Healthcare Foundation, Hyderabad, India; Dept. of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.
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156
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Zhang R, Fang L, Cai K, Zeng S, Wu W, An K, Chen H, Xiao S. Differential contributions of porcine bocavirus NP1 protein N- and C-terminal regions to its nuclear localization and immune regulation. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:1178-1188. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Liurong Fang
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Kaimei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Songlin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Kang An
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PRChina
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production,Wuhan 430070, PRChina
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157
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Kook M, Lee SK, Kim SD, Lee HY, Hwang JS, Choi YW, Bae YS. Anti-septic activity of α-cubebenoate isolated from Schisandra chinensis. BMB Rep 2016; 48:336-41. [PMID: 25541055 PMCID: PMC4578620 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.6.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening, infectious, systemic inflammatory disease. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of α-cubebenoate, a novel compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis against polymicrobial sepsis in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) experimental model. Administration of α-cubebenoate strongly enhanced survival in the CLP model. α-cubebenoate administration also markedly blocked CLP-induced lung inflammation and increased bactericidal activity by enhancing phagocytic activity and hydrogen peroxide generation in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and neutrophils. Expression of two important inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-6, was strongly increased in the CLP model, and this was dramatically blocked by α-cubebenoate. Lymphocyte apoptosis and caspase-3 activation, which are associated with immune paralysis during sepsis, were markedly attenuated by α-cubebenoate. Taken together, our findings indicate that α-cubebenoate, a natural compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis, is a powerful potential anti-septic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsoo Kook
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Sung Kyun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Sang Doo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Ha Young Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746; Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, Dong-A University, Busan 602-714, Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju 565-851, Korea
| | - Young Whan Choi
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 627-706, Korea
| | - Yoe-Sik Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746; Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, Dong-A University, Busan 602-714; Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 135-710, Korea
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158
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1-(2,3-Dibenzimidazol-2-ylpropyl)-2-methoxybenzene Is a Syk Inhibitor with Anti-Inflammatory Properties. Molecules 2016; 21:508. [PMID: 27096863 PMCID: PMC6274291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the protective action of our bodies against external pathogens by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Proper regulation of inflammatory responses is required to maintain our body’s homeostasis, as well as there are demands to develop proper acute or chronic inflammation. In this study, we elucidated the regulatory mechanism of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses by a novel compound, 1-(2,3-dibenzimidazol-2-ylpropyl)-2-methoxybenzene (DBMB). We found that DBMB suppressed inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), reacted to exposure to a number of toll like receptor (TLR) ligands. Such observations occurred following to decreased mRNA expression of several pro-inflammatory mediators, and such diminished mRNA levels were caused by inhibited transcriptional factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB, as evaluated by luciferase reporter assay and molecular biological approaches. To find the potential targets of DBMB, we screened phosphorylated forms of NF-κB signal molecules: inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), IκB kinase (IKK)α/β, Akt, 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), p85, and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). We found that DBMB treatment could suppress signal transduction through these molecules. Additionally, we conducted in vitro kinase assays using immunoprecipitated Syk and its substrate, p85. Consequently, we could say that DBMB clearly suppressed the kinase activity of Syk kinase activity. Together, our results demonstrate that synthetic DBMB has an effect on the inflammatory NF-κB signaling pathway and suggest the potential for clinical use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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159
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Hu Y, Cong X, Chen L, Qi J, Wu X, Zhou M, Yoo D, Li F, Sun W, Wu J, Zhao X, Chen Z, Yu J, Du Y, Wang J. Synergy of TLR3 and 7 ligands significantly enhances function of DCs to present inactivated PRRSV antigen through TRIF/MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23977. [PMID: 27046485 PMCID: PMC4820752 DOI: 10.1038/srep23977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PRRS is one of the most important diseases in swine industry. Current PRRS inactivated vaccine provides only a limited protection and cannot induce sufficient cell-mediated immune responses. In this study, we first found that the mRNA and protein levels of Th1-type cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-6, IL-10) were significantly increased through TRIF/MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway when porcine peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) were treated with poly (I: C) of TLR3 ligand and imiquimod of TLR7 ligand, along with inactivated PRRSV antigen. Meanwhile, the ability of catching PRRSV antigen was also significantly enhanced. In mice experiment, it was found that the PRRSV-specific T lymphocyte proliferation, the percentages of CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and PRRSV-specific CD3+ T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-4, the levels of Th1- and Th2-type cytokines and the titers of neutralization antibody were significantly enhanced in poly (I: C), imiquimod along with inactivated PRRSV group. Taken together, results of our experiments described for the first time that synergy of TLR3 and 7 ligands could significantly enhance the function of DCs to present inactivated PRRSV antigen through TRIF/MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway and be used as adjuvant candidate for the development of novel PRRS inactivated vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of animal biotechnology and disease control and prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiangju Wu
- Key Laboratory of animal biotechnology and disease control and prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Mingming Zhou
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Dongwan Yoo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Wenbo Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of animal biotechnology and disease control and prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yijun Du
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jinbao Wang
- Key Laboratory of animal biotechnology and disease control and prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sangyuan Road No. 8, Jinan 250100, China
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160
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Molecular mechanisms of curcumins suppressing effects on tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis, focusing on NF-κB pathway. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 28:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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161
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Park MH, Hong JT. Roles of NF-κB in Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases and Their Therapeutic Approaches. Cells 2016; 5:cells5020015. [PMID: 27043634 PMCID: PMC4931664 DOI: 10.3390/cells5020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including immune response, inflammation, cell growth and survival, and development. NF-κB is critical for human health, and aberrant NF-κB activation contributes to development of various autoimmune, inflammatory and malignant disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis and malignant tumors. Thus, inhibiting NF-κB signaling has potential therapeutic applications in cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 28160, Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk 28160, Korea.
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162
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Morris J, Fang Y, De Mukhopdhyay K, Wargovich MJ. Natural Agents Used in Chemoprevention of Aerodigestive and GI Cancers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 2:11-20. [PMID: 27134816 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-016-0047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aerodigestive cancers are on an increasing level in both occurrence and mortality. A major cause in many of these cancers is disruption of the inflammatory pathway, leading to increased cell proliferation, and epigenetic silencing of normal regulatory genes. Here we review the research on several natural products: silibinin, silymarin, quercetin, neem & nimbolide, gingerol, epigallatecatechin-3- gallate, curcumin, genistein and resveratrol conducted on aerodigestive cancers. These types of cancers are primarily those from oral cavity, esophagus/windpipe, stomach, small and large intestine, colon/rectum and bile/pancreas tissues. We report on the utilization in vivo and in vitro systems to research these dose effects on the inflammatory and epigenetic pathway components within the aerodigestive cancer. To follow up on the basic research we will discuss remaining research questions and future directions involving these natural products as putative stand alone or in combination with clinical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Morris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Keya De Mukhopdhyay
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Michael J Wargovich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
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163
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Singer M, Ouburg S. Effect of cytokine level variations in individuals on the progression and outcome of bacterial urogenital infections--a meta-analysis. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftv126. [PMID: 26733496 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial urogenital infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis are widespread inflammatory diseases, which may be accompanied by severe complications. These complications can range from basic inflammation to tubal pathology, infertility and neurological dysfunction, though infections go unnoticed in the majority of cases. Cytokines in the host play a vital role in both the initial and long-term immune response and inflammation. However, levels of cytokine expression vary between individuals. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of cytokine expression differences on severity of infections with these pathogens. Studies comparing expression of cytokines in humans with inflammation or inflammation-based complications were identified using NCBI, Google Scholar and Cochrane databases. Only studies into human cytokine expressions were included, and three articles per subject were required to be suitably analysed during meta-analysis. A total of 52 articles were included for meta-analysis. It was shown that differences in IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα and IFNγ affect the clinical outcome of Chlamydia trachomatis infection significantly. Similarly, IL-1 and IL-8 expression during Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection significantly affects the outcome of the disease. For Treponema pallidum infection, it was shown that IFNγ variation in hosts could be linked to severity of disease. However, a lack of studies to use in the meta-analysis and fluctuation in the resulting data depending on the adjustments makes adequate evaluation difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Singer
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Ouburg
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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164
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Forman K, Vara E, García C, Kireev R, Cuesta S, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Tresguerres JAF. Influence of aging and growth hormone on different members of the NFkB family and IkB expression in the heart from a murine model of senescence-accelerated aging. Exp Gerontol 2016; 73:114-20. [PMID: 26581911 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is related to several pathological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the protein expression of the different subunits of the nuclear factor Kappa b (NFkBp65, p50, p105, p52, p100) and the protein expressions of IkB beta and alpha in the hearts from a murine model of accelerated aging (SAM model) by Western blot. In addition, the translocation of some isoforms of NFkB from cytosol to nuclei (NFkBp65, p50, p52) and ATP level content was studied. In addition we investigated the effect of the chronic administration of growth hormone (GH) on these age-related parameters. SAMP8 and SAMR1 mice of 2 and 10 months of age were used (n = 30). Animals were divided into five experimental groups: 2 old untreated (SAMP8/SAMR1), 2 young control (SAMP8/SAMR1) and one GH treated-old groups (SAMP8). Age-related changes were found in the studied parameters. We were able to see decreases of ATP level contents and the translocation of the nuclear factor kappa B p50, p52 and p65 from cytosol to nuclei in old SAMP8 mice together with a decrease of IKB proteins. However p100 and p105 did not show differences with aging. No significant changes were recorded in SAMR1 animals. GH treatment showed beneficial effects in old SAMP8 mice inducing an increase in ATP levels and inhibiting the translocation of some NFkB subunits such as p52. Our results supported the relation of NFkB activation with enhanced apoptosis and pro-inflammatory status in old SAMP8 mice and suggested a selective beneficial effect of the GH treatment, which was able to partially reduce the incidence of some deleterious changes in the heart of those mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Forman
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Chile; Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - E Vara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - C García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - R Kireev
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV), Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Vigo, SERGAS, Spain
| | - S Cuesta
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
| | - D Acuña-Castroviejo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Center of Biomedical Investigation, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Spain
| | - J A F Tresguerres
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University Complutense of Madrid, Spain
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165
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Wen L, Chen Y, Zhang L, Yu H, Xu Z, You H, Cheng Y. Rice protein hydrolysates (RPHs) inhibit the LPS-stimulated inflammatory response and phagocytosis in RAW264.7 macrophages by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08927e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Different RPH components inhibit LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production. RPHs-C-7-3 inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory expression. RPHs-C-7-3 suppresses the LPS-stimulated phagocytic ability. RPHs-C-7-3 regulates the nuclear translocation of p65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wen
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Yuehua Chen
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Huixin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Haixi You
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
| | - Yunhui Cheng
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- China
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166
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Samadi AK, Bilsland A, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Amin A, Bishayee A, Azmi AS, Lokeshwar BL, Grue B, Panis C, Boosani CS, Poudyal D, Stafforini DM, Bhakta D, Niccolai E, Guha G, Vasantha Rupasinghe HP, Fujii H, Honoki K, Mehta K, Aquilano K, Lowe L, Hofseth LJ, Ricciardiello L, Ciriolo MR, Singh N, Whelan RL, Chaturvedi R, Ashraf SS, Shantha Kumara HMC, Nowsheen S, Mohammed SI, Keith WN, Helferich WG, Yang X. A multi-targeted approach to suppress tumor-promoting inflammation. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S151-S184. [PMID: 25951989 PMCID: PMC4635070 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancers harbor significant genetic heterogeneity and patterns of relapse following many therapies are due to evolved resistance to treatment. While efforts have been made to combine targeted therapies, significant levels of toxicity have stymied efforts to effectively treat cancer with multi-drug combinations using currently approved therapeutics. We discuss the relationship between tumor-promoting inflammation and cancer as part of a larger effort to develop a broad-spectrum therapeutic approach aimed at a wide range of targets to address this heterogeneity. Specifically, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, cyclooxygenase-2, transcription factor nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor alpha, inducible nitric oxide synthase, protein kinase B, and CXC chemokines are reviewed as important antiinflammatory targets while curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, lycopene, and anthocyanins are reviewed as low-cost, low toxicity means by which these targets might all be reached simultaneously. Future translational work will need to assess the resulting synergies of rationally designed antiinflammatory mixtures (employing low-toxicity constituents), and then combine this with similar approaches targeting the most important pathways across the range of cancer hallmark phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin Health Sciences Institute, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State Univeristy, Karmanos Cancer Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States; Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Brendan Grue
- Department of Environmental Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Mediators, State University of West Paraná, UNIOESTE, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Deepak Poudyal
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Diana M Stafforini
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kapil Mehta
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Luigi Ricciardiello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Richard L Whelan
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rupesh Chaturvedi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - H M C Shantha Kumara
- Department of Surgery, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
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167
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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168
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Du Y, Zhu Y, Teng X, Zhang K, Teng X, Li S. Toxicological Effect of Manganese on NF-κB/iNOS-COX-2 Signaling Pathway in Chicken Testes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 168:227-34. [PMID: 25904117 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) pollution can cause tissue and organ dysfunction and structural damage. The toxicity of Mn in poultry was reported, but inflammatory damage that Mn induced in the testicular tissue has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mn poisoning on NF-κB/iNOS-COX-2 signaling pathway in chicken testes. One hundred eighty Hyline male chickens at 7 days of age were fed either commercial diet or MnCl2-added commercial diet containing 600, 900, and 1800 mg/kg Mn for 30, 60, and 90 days, respectively. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO) content, iNOS activity, and histopathology were examined in chicken testes. The results showed that excess Mn upregulated mRNA expression of NF-κB, COX-2, TNF-α, and iNOS, NO content, and iNOS activity at 60th and 90th day. Mn had a time-dependent effect on NF-κB and TNF-α mRNA expression. Mn had a dose- and time-dependent effect on NO content and iNOS activity. Mn exposure induced chicken testis histological changes in dose- and time-dependent manner. It indicated that Mn exposure resulted in inflammatory injury of chicken testis tissue through NF-κB/iNOS-COX-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Teng
- Heilongjiang Grassland and Forage Central Experimental Station, Harbin, 150069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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169
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Chan PM, Tan YS, Chua KH, Sabaratnam V, Kuppusamy UR. Attenuation of Inflammatory Mediators (TNF-α and Nitric Oxide) and Up-Regulation of IL-10 by Wild and Domesticated Basidiocarps of Amauroderma rugosum (Blume & T. Nees) Torrend in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139593. [PMID: 26427053 PMCID: PMC4591274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amauroderma rugosum, commonly known as “Jiǎzī” in China, is a wild mushroom traditionally used by the Chinese to reduce inflammation, to treat diuretic and upset stomach, and to prevent cancer. It is also used by the indigenous communities in Malaysia to prevent epileptic episodes and incessant crying by babies. The aim of this study was to compare the wild and domesticated basidiocarps of A. rugosum for antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The wild basidiocarps of A. rugosum were collected from the Belum Forest, Perak, Malaysia and the domesticated basidiocarps of A. rugosum were cultivated in the mushroom house located in the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Both the wild and domesticated basidiocarps were subjected to ethanolic extraction and the extracts were tested for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the crude ethanolic extract of wild (WB) and domesticated (DB) basidiocarps of A. rugosum had comparable total phenolic content and DPPH scavenging activity. However, WB (EC50 = 222.90 μg/mL) displayed a better ABTS cation radical scavenging activity than DB (EC50 = 469.60 μg/mL). Both WB and DB were able to scavenge nitric oxide (NO) radical and suppress the NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and this effect was mediated through the down-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene. In addition, both WB and DB caused down-regulation of the inflammatory gene TNF-α and the up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory gene IL-10. There was no inhibitory effect of WB and DB on nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. In conclusion, the wild and domesticated basidiocarps of A. rugosum possessed antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory properties. WB and DB inhibited downstream inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and NO) and induced anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 production. No inhibitory effects shown on upstream nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. WB and DB exhibited antioxidant activity and attenuation of proinflammatory mediators and therefore, A. rugosum may serve as a potential therapeutic agent in the management of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Mun Chan
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yee-Shin Tan
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kek-Heng Chua
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umah Rani Kuppusamy
- Mushroom Research Centre, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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170
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Pinsino A, Russo R, Bonaventura R, Brunelli A, Marcomini A, Matranga V. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles stimulate sea urchin immune cell phagocytic activity involving TLR/p38 MAPK-mediated signalling pathway. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14492. [PMID: 26412401 PMCID: PMC4585977 DOI: 10.1038/srep14492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) are one of the most widespread-engineered particles in use for drug delivery, cosmetics, and electronics. However, TiO2NP safety is still an open issue, even for ethical reasons. In this work, we investigated the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus immune cell model as a proxy to humans, to elucidate a potential pathway that can be involved in the persistent TiO2NP-immune cell interaction in vivo. Morphology, phagocytic ability, changes in activation/inactivation of a few mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK, ERK), variations of other key proteins triggering immune response (Toll-like receptor 4-like, Heat shock protein 70, Interleukin-6) and modifications in the expression of related immune response genes were investigated. Our findings indicate that TiO2NPs influence the signal transduction downstream targets of p38 MAPK without eliciting an inflammatory response or other harmful effects on biological functions. We strongly recommend sea urchin immune cells as a new powerful model for nano-safety/nano-toxicity investigations without the ethical normative issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Pinsino
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare “A. Monroy”, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Russo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare “A. Monroy”, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Bonaventura
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare “A. Monroy”, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Brunelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Calle Larga S. Marta 2137, 30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Calle Larga S. Marta 2137, 30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Valeria Matranga
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare “A. Monroy”, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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171
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Fredericksen F, Carrasco G, Villalba M, Olavarría VH. Cytopathic BVDV-1 strain induces immune marker production in bovine cells through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:213-22. [PMID: 26330089 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV-1) is a pathogen responsible for high economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. This virus has the capacity to modulate the immune system of several higher vertebrates, but there is little information available on the cell infection mechanism. To further investigate the effects of BVDV-1 on the activation of the immune response, the Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell line was infected with the cytopathic CH001 field isolate of BVDV-1, and the proinflammatory and antiviral cytokine expression profiles were analyzed. The results showed that BVDV-1 was able to induce the production of BCL3, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-15, IL-18, Mx-1, IRF-1, and IRF-7 in a way similar to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. Interestingly, all BVDV-1 activities were blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These results, together with in silico analyses showing the presence of several regulatory consensus target motifs, suggest that BVDV-1 regulates gene expression in bovines through the activation of several key transcription factors. Collectively, these data identified BVDV-1 as a viral regulator of immune marker expression, even from early infection. Additionally, this is the first report to find BVDV-1 modulating the activation of cytokine production and transcriptions factors mainly through the NF-κB pathway in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Fredericksen
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja S/N, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Carrasco
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja S/N, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Melina Villalba
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja S/N, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Víctor H Olavarría
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja S/N, Valdivia, Chile.
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172
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Zou J, Shankar N. Roles of TLR/MyD88/MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways in the Regulation of Phagocytosis and Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression in Response to E. faecalis Infection. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136947. [PMID: 26317438 PMCID: PMC4552673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is a commensal bacterium residing in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, but in certain situations it is also an opportunistic pathogen which can cause serious disease. Macrophages have been shown to play a critical role in controlling infections by commensal enterococci and also have an important role in mediating chromosomal instability and promoting colon cancer during high-level enterococcal colonization in genetically susceptible mice. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of macrophages with enterococci during infection are not fully understood. In this study, using BMDM and RAW264.7 macrophages we show that enterococcal infection activates ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK as well as NF-κB, and drives polarization of macrophages towards the M1 phenotype. Inhibition of NF-κB activation significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, as did the inhibition of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK, although to differing extent. Enterococci-induced activation of these pathways and subsequent cytokine expression was contact dependent, modest compared to activation by E. coli and, required the adaptor protein MyD88. Phagocytosis of enterococci by macrophages was enhanced by preopsonization with E. faecalis antiserum and involved the ERK and JNK signaling pathways, with the adaptor protein MyD88 as an important mediator. This study of the interaction of macrophages with enterococci could provide a foundation for studying the pathogenesis of infection by this opportunistic pathogen and to developing new therapeutic approaches to combat enterococcal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Nathan Shankar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
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173
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Miller PG, Bonn MB, McKarns SC. Transmembrane TNF-TNFR2 Impairs Th17 Differentiation by Promoting Il2 Expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:2633-47. [PMID: 26268655 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The double-edged sword nature by which IL-2 regulates autoimmunity and the unpredictable outcomes of anti-TNF therapy in autoimmunity highlight the importance for understanding how TNF regulates IL-2. Transmembrane TNF (tmTNF) preferentially binds TNFR2, whereas soluble TNF (sTNF) binds TNFR1. We previously showed reduced IL-2 production in TNFR1(-/-) TNFR2(-/-) CD4(+) T cells. In this study, we generated TNFR1(-/-), TNFR2(-/-), or TNFR1(-/-) TNFR2(-/-) 5C.C7 TCR Il2-GFP mice and report that CD4(+) T cell-intrinsic tmTNF/TNFR2 stimulates Il2 promoter activity and Il2 mRNA stability. We further used tmTNF Foxp3 gfp reporter mice and pharmacological TNF blockade in wild-type mice to report a tmTNF/TNFR2 interaction for Il2 expression. IL-17 is critical for host defense, but its overabundance promotes autoimmunity. IL-2 represses Th17 differentiation, but the role for TNFR2 in this process is not well understood. We report elevated expression of TNFR2 under Th17-polarization conditions. Genetic loss-of-function experimental models, as well as selective TNF blockade by etanercept and XPro1595 in wild-type mice, demonstrate that impaired tmTNF/TNFR2, but not sTNF/TNFR1, promotes Th17 differentiation in vivo and in vitro. Under Th17-polarizing conditions, elevated IL-17 production by TNFR2-knockout CD4(+) T cells was associated with increased STAT3 activity and decreased STAT5 activity. Increased IL-17 production in TNFR2-knockout T cells was prevented by adding exogenous IL-2. We conclude that CD4(+) T cell-intrinsic tmTNF/TNFR2 promotes IL-2 production that inhibits the generation of Th17 cells in a Foxp3-independent manner. Moreover, under Th17-polarizing conditions, selective blockade of CD4(+) T cell-intrinsic TNFR2 appears to be sufficient to promote Th17 differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Miller
- Laboratory of TGF-β Biology, Epigenetics, and Cytokine Regulation, Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212; and
| | - Michael B Bonn
- Laboratory of TGF-β Biology, Epigenetics, and Cytokine Regulation, Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212; and
| | - Susan C McKarns
- Laboratory of TGF-β Biology, Epigenetics, and Cytokine Regulation, Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212; and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212
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174
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Ghayor C, Gjoksi B, Siegenthaler B, Weber FE. N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation by suppressing NF-κB signaling. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:527-36. [PMID: 26047594 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0833-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), a small bioactive molecule, stimulates bone formation and inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potentials of NMP on the inflammatory process and the underlying molecular mechanisms in RAW264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW264.7 macrophages and mouse primary bone marrow macrophages (mBMMs) were used as an in vitro model to investigate inflammatory processes. Cells were pre-treated with or without NMP and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The productions of cytokines and NO were determined by proteome profiler method and nitrite analysis, respectively. The expressions of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were measured by Western blotting and/or qPCR. Western blot, ELISA-base reporter assay, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the activation of MAP kinases and NF-κB. RESULTS LPS-induced mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 were inhibited by NMP in a dose-dependent manner. NMP also suppressed the LPS-increased productions of iNOS and NO. The proteome profiler array showed that several cytokines and chemokines involved in inflammation and up-regulated by LPS stimulation were significantly down-regulated by NMP. Additionally, this study shows that the effect of NMP is mediated through down-regulation of NFκB pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that NMP inhibits the inflammatory mediators in macrophages by an NFκB-dependent mechanism, based on the epigenetical activity of NMP as bromodomain inhibitor. In the light of its action on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation process and its anti-inflammatory potential, NMP might be used in inflammation-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chafik Ghayor
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Oral Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Center for Dental Medicine, Zentrum für Zahnmedizin, University Zürich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zürich, Switzerland,
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175
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Youn SW, Park KK. Small-nucleic-acid-based therapeutic strategy targeting the transcription factors regulating the vascular inflammation, remodeling and fibrosis in atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11804-33. [PMID: 26006249 PMCID: PMC4463731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis arises when injury to the arterial wall induces an inflammatory cascade that is sustained by a complex network of cytokines, together with accumulation of lipids and fibrous material. Inflammatory cascades involve leukocyte adherence and chemotaxis, which are coordinated by the local secretion of adhesion molecules, chemotactic factors, and cytokines. Transcription factors are critical to the integration of the various steps of the cascade response to mediators of vascular injury, and are induced in a stimulus-dependent and cell-type-specific manner. Several small-nucleic-acid-based therapeutic strategies have recently been developed to target transcription factors: antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, RNA interference, microRNA, and decoy oligodeoxynucleotides. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of these particular targeted therapeutic strategies, toward regulation of the vascular inflammation, remodeling and fibrosis associated with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Youn
- Department of Radiology, Catholic University of Daegu Medical Center, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 705-718, Korea.
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu Medical Center, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 705-718, Korea.
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176
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Nitric oxide and Brazilian propolis combined accelerates tissue repair by modulating cell migration, cytokine production and collagen deposition in experimental leishmaniasis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125101. [PMID: 25973801 PMCID: PMC4431861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The fact that drugs currently used in the treatment of Leishmania are highly toxic and associated with acquired resistance has promoted the search for new therapies for treating American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL). In this study, BALB/c mice were injected in the hind paw with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and subsequently treated with a combination of nitric oxide (NO) donor (cis-[Ru(bpy) 2imN(NO)](PF6)3) (Ru-NO), given by intraperitoneal injection, and oral Brazilian propolis for 30 days. Ru-NO reached the center of the lesion and increased the NO level in the injured hind paw without lesion exacerbation. Histological and immunological parameters of chronic inflammation showed that this combined treatment increased the efficacy of macrophages, determined by the decrease in the number of parasitized cells, leading to reduced expression of proinflammatory and tissue damage markers. In addition, these drugs in combination fostered wound healing, enhanced the number of fibroblasts, pro-healing cytokines and induced collagen synthesis at the lesion site. Overall, our findings suggest that the combination of the NO donor Ru-NO and Brazilian propolis alleviates experimental ATL lesions, highlighting a new therapeutic option that can be considered for further in vivo investigations as a candidate for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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177
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Chang WC, Wu SL, Huang WC, Hsu JY, Chan SH, Wang JM, Tsai JP, Chen BK. PTX3 gene activation in EGF-induced head and neck cancer cell metastasis. Oncotarget 2015; 6:7741-57. [PMID: 25797258 PMCID: PMC4480713 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) is associated with enhanced invasion and metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Long Pentraxin PTX3 is involved in immune escape in cancer cells. Here, we identified PTX3 as a promoting factor that mediates EGF-induced HNSCC metastasis. EGF-induced PTX3 transcriptional activation is via the binding of c-Jun to the activator protein (AP)-1 binding site of the PTX3 promoter. PI3K/Akt and NF-κB were essential for the PTX3 activation. EGF-induced PTX3 expression was blocked in c-Jun- and NF-κB-knockdown cells. EGF-mediated PTX3 secretion resulted in the enhancement of cell migration and invasion, and interactions between cancer and endothelial cells. The tail-vein injection animal model revealed that depletion of PTX3 decreased EGF-primed tumor cell metastatic seeding of the lungs. In addition, fibronectin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and E-cadherin were essential components in EGFR/PTX3-mediated cancer metastasis. In conclusion, PI3K/Akt and NF-κB-dependent regulation of AP-1 mediates PTX3 transcriptional responses to EGF. Autocrine production of EGF-induced PTX3 in turn induces metastatic molecules, activating inflammatory cascades and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Master Program for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University-Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shuo-Lun Wu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Chen Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jinn-Yuan Hsu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Hung Chan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jhih-Peng Tsai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ben-Kuen Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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178
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Mathew DJ, Newsom EM, Guyton JM, Tuggle CK, Geisert RD, Lucy MC. Activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B in uterine luminal epithelial cells by interleukin 1 Beta 2: a novel interleukin 1 expressed by the elongating pig conceptus. Biol Reprod 2015; 92:107. [PMID: 25761593 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.126128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Conceptus mortality is greatest in mammals during the peri-implantation period, a time when conceptuses appose and attach to the uterine surface epithelium while releasing proinflammatory molecules. Interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), a master proinflammatory cytokine, is released by the primate, rodent, and pig blastocyst during the peri-implantation period and is believed to be essential for establishment of pregnancy. The gene encoding IL1B has duplicated in the pig, resulting in a novel gene. Preliminary observations indicate that the novel IL1B is specifically expressed by pig conceptuses during the peri-implantation period. To verify this, IL1B was cloned from mRNA isolated from Day 12 pig conceptuses and compared with IL1B cloned from mRNA isolated from pig peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). The pig conceptuses, but not the PBLs, expressed a novel IL1B, referred to here as interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2). Porcine endometrium was treated with recombinant porcine interleukin 1 beta 1 (IL1B1), the prototypical cytokine, and IL1B2 proteins. Immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR were used to measure activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NFKB) and NFKB-regulated transcripts, respectively, within the endometrium. Both IL1B1 and IL1B2 activated NFKB in the uterine luminal epithelium within 4 h. The NFKB activation and related gene expression, however, were lower in endometrium treated with IL1B2, suggesting that the conceptus-derived cytokine may have reduced activity within the uterus. In conclusion, the peri-implantation pig conceptus expresses a novel IL1B that can activate NFKB within the uterine surface epithelium, likely creating a proinflammatory microenvironment during establishment of pregnancy in the pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Mathew
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Emily M Newsom
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jennifer M Guyton
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Rodney D Geisert
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Matthew C Lucy
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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179
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Liang J, Wang T, Xiang Z, He N. Tweedle cuticular protein BmCPT1 is involved in innate immunity by participating in recognition of Escherichia coli. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 58:76-88. [PMID: 25449127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bombyx mori, a lepidopteran insect, is one of the earliest models for pattern recognition of Gram-negative bacteria, which may induce the IMD pathway for production of antibacterial peptides. So far, several recognition proteins have been reported in B. mori. However, the connection between pattern recognition of Gram negative bacteria and activation of BmRelish1, a transcription factor controlled by the IMD pathway remains largely unknown. In the present study, we identify BmCPT1, a cuticle protein bearing a Tweedle domain. Its gene expression is co-regulated by NF-kappaB and juvenile hormone signals. BmCPT1 is induced by Escherichia coli in fat bodies and hemocytes, but is constitutively expressed in the epidermis. In vitro binding assays indicate that BmCPT1 protein recognizes and binds to E. coli peptidoglycan. Post-transcriptionally modified BmCPT1 in the hemolymph binds to E. coli cells through interactions with peptidoglycan recognition protein-5 (BmPGRP5) and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (BmLBP). Transgenic overexpression of BmCPT1 causes the upregulated expression of BmRelish1 and clear induction of two gloverin genes. Therefore, BmCPT1 may work along with BmPGRP-S5 and BmLBP to recognize E. coli in the hemolymph and indirectly activate BmRelish1 to induce antimicrobial peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiubo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Zhonghuai Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Ningjia He
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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180
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Ishikawa S, Takemitsu H, Li G, Mori N, Yamamoto I, Arai T. Short communication: molecular characterization of dog and cat p65 subunits of NF-kappaB. Res Vet Sci 2015; 99:145-8. [PMID: 25770673 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) plays an important role in the immune system. The p65 subunit is an important part of NF-κB unit, and studies of dog and cat p65 subunits of NF-κB (dp65 and cp65) are important in understanding their immune function. In this study, we described the molecular characterization of dp65 and cp65. The dp65 and cp65 complementary DNA encoded 542 and 555 amino acids, respectively, showing a high sequence homology with the mammalian p65 subunit (>87.5%). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that the p65 messenger RNA is highly expressed in the dog stomach and cat heart and adipose tissue. Functional NF-κB promoter-luciferase reporter vectors revealed that our isolated dp65 and cp65 cDNA encodes a functionally active protein. Transiently expressed dp65 and cp65 up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels in dog and cat, respectively. These findings suggest that dp65 and cp65 play important roles in regulating immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Ishikawa
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemitsu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Gebin Li
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Nobuko Mori
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
| | - Toshiro Arai
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
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181
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Silva LM, Hirai KE, de Sousa JR, de Souza J, Fuzii HT, Dias LB, Carneiro FRO, de Souza Aarão TL, Quaresma JAS. Immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of cellular transcription NFκB (p65), AP-1 (c-Fos and c-Jun), and JAK/STAT in leprosy. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:746-52. [PMID: 25771902 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leprosy is a disease whose clinical spectrum depends on the cytokine patterns produced during the early stages of the immune response. The main objective of this study was to describe the activation pattern of cellular transcription factors and to correlate these factors with the clinical forms of leprosy. Skin samples were obtained from 16 patients with the tuberculoid (TT) form and 14 with the lepromatous (LL) form. The histologic sections were immunostained with anti-c-Fos and anti-c-Jun monoclonal antibodies for investigation of AP-1, anti-NFκB p65 for the study of NFκB, and anti-JAK2, STAT1, STAT3, and STAT4 for investigation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Cells expressing STAT1 were more frequent in the TT form than in LL lesions (P = .0096), in agreement with the protective immunity provided by IFN-γ. STAT4 was also more highly expressed in the TT form than in the LL form (P = .0098). This transcription factor is essential for the development of a Th1 response because it is associated with interleukin-12. NFκB (p65) and STAT4 expression in the TT form showed a strong and significant correlation (r = 0.7556 and P = .0007). A moderate and significant correlation was observed between JAK2 and STAT4 in the TT form (r = 0.6637 and P = .0051), with these factors responding to interleukin-12 in Th1 profiles. The results suggest that STAT1, JAK2, and NFκB, together with STAT4, contribute to the development of cell-mediated immunity, which is able to contain the proliferation of Mycobacterium leprae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Mota Silva
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, Para, Brazil 66000-000
| | - Kelly Emi Hirai
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, Para, Brazil 66000-000
| | | | - Juarez de Souza
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, Para, Brazil 66000-000
| | - Hellen Thais Fuzii
- Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, Para, Brazil 66000-000
| | - Leonidas Braga Dias
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, Para, Brazil 66000-000
| | | | | | - Juarez Antonio Simões Quaresma
- Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade do Estado do Para, Belem, Para, Brazil 66000-000; Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, Para, Brazil 66000-000.
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182
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Li X, Zhang C, Qiao W, Zhou X, Sun M. NFKB1 -94ins/del ATTG polymorphism increases osteosarcoma risk in a Chinese Han population. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:1420-1423. [PMID: 25785149 PMCID: PMC4358604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common bone malignancies. The Nuclear factor-κB1 (NFKB1) gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. The objective of this study aimed to detect the potential association between NFKB1 -94 ins/del ATTG polymorphism and osteosarcoma susceptibility in Chinese Han population. We recruited 220 osteosarcoma patients and 222 cancer-free controls in this case-control study. The NFKB1 -94 ins/del ATTG polymorphism by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Patients with ID genotype and II genotype showed higher risk of osteosarcoma than individuals with DD genotype (OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.00-2.44, P=0.05; OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.01-2.93, P=0.04), respectively. Subjects with ID or II genotype also showed increased risk of osteosarcoma (OR=1.60, 95% CI 1.04-2.47, P=0.03). In addition, I allele was significantly associated with osteosarcoma risk (OR=1.31, 95% CI 1.01-1.71, P=0.04). We also found that this polymorphism was significantly associated with advanced osteosarcoma risk (OR=3.43, 95% CI 1.61-7.36, P=0.001) and metastatic osteosarcoma risk (OR=2.33, 95% CI 1.22-5.03, P=0.01). In conclusion, our findings indicate that osteosarcoma is associated with the NFKB1 promoter -94ins/del ATTG polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyi Li
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003, China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003, China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003, China
| | - Menghong Sun
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
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183
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Jin J, Xiao Y, Hu H, Zou Q, Li Y, Gao Y, Ge W, Cheng X, Sun SC. Proinflammatory TLR signalling is regulated by a TRAF2-dependent proteolysis mechanism in macrophages. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5930. [PMID: 25565375 PMCID: PMC4286812 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction from toll-like receptors (TLRs) is important for innate immunity against infections, but deregulated TLR signalling contributes to inflammatory disorders. Here we show that myeloid cell-specific ablation of TRAF2 greatly promotes TLR-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages and exacerbates colitis in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease. TRAF2 deficiency does not enhance upstream signalling events, but it causes accumulation of two transcription factors, c-Rel and IRF5, known to mediate proinflammatory cytokine induction. Interestingly, TRAF2 controls the fate of c-Rel and IRF5 via a proteasome-dependent mechanism that also requires TRAF3 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase cIAP. We further show that TRAF2 also regulates inflammatory cytokine production in tumour-associated macrophages and facilitates tumour growth. These findings demonstrate an unexpected anti-inflammatory function of TRAF2 and suggest a proteasome-dependent mechanism that limits the proinflammatory TLR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Jin
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yanchuan Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yanpan Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongdan Santiao 5#, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Wei Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongdan Santiao 5#, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xuhong Cheng
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- 1] Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2] Center for Inflammation and Cancer, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [3] The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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184
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Yang JH, Kim KM, Kim MG, Seo KH, Han JY, Ka SO, Park BH, Shin SM, Ku SK, Cho IJ, Ki SH. Role of sestrin2 in the regulation of proinflammatory signaling in macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 78:156-67. [PMID: 25463278 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sestrins (Sesns) are conserved antioxidant proteins that accumulate in cells in response to various stresses. However, the regulatory roles of Sesn2 in the immune system and in inflammatory responses remain obscure. In the present study, we investigated whether Sesn2 regulates Toll like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammatory signaling and sought to identify the molecular mechanism responsible. In cells expressing Sesn2, it was found that Sesn2 almost completely inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO release and iNOS expression. A gene knockdown experiment confirmed the role of Sesn2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Consistently, proinflammatory cytokine (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) release and expression were inhibited in Sesn2-expressing cells. Furthermore, Sesn2 prevented LPS-elicited cell death and ROS production via inhibition of NADPH oxidase. NF-κB and AP-1 are redox-sensitive transcription factors that regulate the expressions of diverse inflammatory genes. Surprisingly, Sesn2 specifically inhibited AP-1 luciferase activity and its DNA binding, but not those of NF-κB. AP-1 inhibition by Sesn2 was found to be due to a lack of JNK, p38, and c-Jun phosphorylation. Next, we investigated whether Sesn2 protects galactosamine (Gal)/LPS-induced liver injury in mice infected with a recombinant adenovirus Sesn2 (Ad-Sesn2). Ad-Sesn2 present less severe hepatic injury as supported by decreases in the ALT, AST, and hepatocyte degeneration. Moreover, Ad-Sesn2 attenuated Gal/LPS-induced proinflammatory gene expression in mice. The study shows that Sesn2 inhibits TLR-induced proinflammatory signaling and protects cells by inhibiting JNK- or p38-mediated c-Jun phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Kyu Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Mi Gwang Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Kyu Hwa Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Sun-O Ka
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- MRC-GHF, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Je Cho
- MRC-GHF, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea.
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185
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Fujita K, Tanaka Y, Sho T, Ozeki S, Abe S, Hikage T, Kuchimaru T, Kizaka-Kondoh S, Ueno T. Intracellular CO Release from Composite of Ferritin and Ruthenium Carbonyl Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:16902-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja508938f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Fujita
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Tanaka
- Chemical
Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-27, 4259
Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takeya Sho
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ozeki
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Abe
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Hikage
- High
Intensity X-ray Diffraction Laboratory, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kuchimaru
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-B55, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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186
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Tomar D, Singh R. TRIM family proteins: emerging class of RING E3 ligases as regulator of NF-κB pathway. Biol Cell 2014; 107:22-40. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201400046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Cell Biology; School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Advanced Research; Gandhinagar India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; The M.S. University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 002 Gujarat India
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187
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Intronic variants in the NFKB1 gene may influence hearing forecast in patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss in Meniere's disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112171. [PMID: 25397881 PMCID: PMC4232390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Meniere's disease is an episodic vestibular syndrome associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and tinnitus. Patients with MD have an elevated prevalence of several autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis), which suggests a shared autoimmune background. Functional variants of several genes involved in the NF-κB pathway, such as REL, TNFAIP3, NFKB1 and TNIP1, have been associated with two or more immune-mediated diseases and allelic variations in the TLR10 gene may influence bilateral affectation and clinical course in MD. We have genotyped 716 cases of MD and 1628 controls by using the ImmunoChip, a high-density genotyping array containing 186 autoimmune loci, to explore the association of immune system related-loci with sporadic MD. Although no single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) reached a genome-wide significant association (p<10−8), we selected allelic variants in the NF-kB pathway for further analyses to evaluate the impact of these SNPs in the clinical outcome of MD in our cohort. None of the selected SNPs increased susceptibility for MD in patients with uni or bilateral SNHL. However, two potential regulatory variants in the NFKB1 gene (rs3774937 and rs4648011) were associated with a faster hearing loss progression in patients with unilateral SNHL. So, individuals with unilateral MD carrying the C allele in rs3774937 or G allele in rs4648011 had a shorter mean time to reach hearing stage 3 (>40 dB HL) (log-rank test, corrected p values were p = 0.009 for rs3774937 and p = 0.003 for rs4648011, respectively). No variants influenced hearing in bilateral MD. Our data support that the allelic variants rs3774937 and rs4648011 can modify hearing outcome in patients with MD and unilateral SNHL.
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188
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Kubanov AA, Mineyeva AA. Molecular and genetic studies of the predisposition to the development of psoriasis among the population of the Russian Federation: a study of polymorphisms of TNFAIP3, TNIP1, TYK2 and REL genes. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2014. [DOI: 10.25208/0042-4609-2014-90-5-73-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Goal. To study the role of polymorphic variants of genes encoding proteins of the signaling pathway of the nuclear transcription factor kappa-B, NF-kB (TNFAIP3 (rs610604), TNIP1 (rs17728338), TYK2 (rs12720356) and REL (rs702873)) in the predisposition to psoriasis among the Caucasian population of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The authors studied markers of the predisposition to the development of psoriasis such as TNFAIP3 (rs610604), TNIP1 (rs17728338), TYK2 (rs12720356) and REL (rs702873) using Real-Time PCR methods and allele-specific oligonucleotide probes and PFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) assay in whole blood samples taken from psoriatic patients (n = 301). To compare the frequency of genotypes, the authors used data obtained as a result of the genotyping of DNAs taken from healthy volunteers (n = 109). Results. The authors analyzed particular features of the distribution of polymorphic variants of TNFAIP3 (rs610604), TNIP1 (rs17728338), TYK2 (rs1272035) и REL (rs702873) genes in a sample of 301 psoriatic patients and 109 healthy volunteers from the Russian Federation. They revealed reliable differences in the frequency of registration of genotypes of these genes. The authors also determined genotypes considered as risk factors with regard to the development of psoriasis (TNFAIP3-A/C, TNIP1-A/G, TNIP1-A/A and TYK2-T/T) as well as protector genotypes (TNFAIP3-A/Ä, REL-A/A and TYK2-T/G)
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189
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Manresa MC, Godson C, Taylor CT. Hypoxia-sensitive pathways in inflammation-driven fibrosis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2014; 307:R1369-80. [PMID: 25298511 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00349.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue injury can occur for a variety of reasons, including physical damage, infection, and ischemia. The ability of tissues to effectively recover from injury is a cornerstone of human health. The healing response in tissues is conserved across organs and typically involves distinct but overlapping inflammatory, proliferative, and maturation/resolution phases. If the inflammatory phase is not successfully controlled and appropriately resolved, an excessive healing response characterized by scar formation can lead to tissue fibrosis, a major clinical complication in disorders such as Crohn's disease (CD). As a result of enhanced metabolic and inflammatory processes during chronic inflammation, profound changes in tissue oxygen levels occur leading to localized tissue hypoxia. Therefore, inflammation, fibrosis, and hypoxia are coincidental events during inflammation-driven fibrosis. Our current understanding of the mechanism(s) underpinning fibrosis is limited as are the therapeutic options available. In this review, we discuss what is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning inflammation-driven fibrosis and how hypoxia may play a role in shaping this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario C Manresa
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Godson
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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190
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de Oliveira DC, Hastreiter AA, Mello AS, de Oliveira Beltran JS, Oliveira Santos EWC, Borelli P, Fock RA. The effects of protein malnutrition on the TNF-RI and NF-κB expression via the TNF-α signaling pathway. Cytokine 2014; 69:218-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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191
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Paracha RZ, Ahmad J, Ali A, Hussain R, Niazi U, Tareen SHK, Aslam B. Formal modelling of toll like receptor 4 and JAK/STAT signalling pathways: insight into the roles of SOCS-1, interferon-β and proinflammatory cytokines in sepsis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108466. [PMID: 25255432 PMCID: PMC4185881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the major causes of human morbidity and results in a considerable number of deaths each year. Lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis has been associated with TLR4 signalling pathway which in collaboration with the JAK/STAT signalling regulate endotoxemia and inflammation. However, during sepsis our immune system cannot maintain a balance of cytokine levels and results in multiple organ damage and eventual death. Different opinions have been made in previous studies about the expression patterns and the role of proinflammatory cytokines in sepsis that attracted our attention towards qualitative properties of TLR4 and JAK/STAT signalling pathways using computer-aided studies. René Thomas' formalism was used to model septic and non-septic dynamics of TLR4 and JAK/STAT signalling. Comparisons among dynamics were made by intervening or removing the specific interactions among entities. Among our predictions, recurrent induction of proinflammatory cytokines with subsequent downregulation was found as the basic characteristic of septic model. This characteristic was found in agreement with previous experimental studies, which implicate that inflammation is followed by immunomodulation in septic patients. Moreover, intervention in downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines by SOCS-1 was found desirable to boost the immune responses. On the other hand, interventions either in TLR4 or transcriptional elements such as NFκB and STAT were found effective in the downregulation of immune responses. Whereas, IFN-β and SOCS-1 mediated downregulation at different levels of signalling were found to be associated with variations in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. However, these predictions need to be further validated using wet laboratory experimental studies to further explore the roles of inhibitors such as SOCS-1 and IFN-β, which may alter the levels of proinflammatory cytokines at different stages of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Zafar Paracha
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jamil Ahmad
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Niazi
- IBERS, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Samar Hayat Khan Tareen
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Babar Aslam
- Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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192
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Yin L, Chen Y, Qu Z, Zhang L, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Li L. Involvement of JAK/STAT signaling in the effect of cornel iridoid glycoside on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis amelioration in rats. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 274:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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193
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Jeon BT, Kim KE, Heo RW, Shin HJ, Yi CO, Hah YS, Kim WH, Lee SI, Roh GS. Myeloid-specific deletion of SIRT1 increases hepatic steatosis and hypothalamic inflammation in mice fed a high-fat diet. Metab Brain Dis 2014; 29:635-43. [PMID: 24756314 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9542-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-induced fatty liver disease is associated with increased hypothalamic inflammation. Previous reports have demonstrated that the deletion of SIRT1 in hepatocytes increases hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Using myeloid cell-specific SIRT1 knockout (KO) mice, we investigated whether ablation of SIRT1 in macrophages plays a role in regulating hepatic steatosis and hypothalamic inflammation. When challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks, hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hepatic steatosis and macrophage infiltrations in HFD-fed KO mice were increased compared with HFD-fed WT mice. Hypothalamic expression levels of iba1 were increased in HFD-fed KO mice compared with HFD-fed WT mice. In particular, the expression levels of choline acetyltransferase were decreased in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed KO mice compared with HFD-fed WT mice. Thus, our findings suggest that SIRT1 plays a key role for hepatic steatosis and hypothalamic inflammation and that anti-inflammatory effect of SIRT1 may be important for the prevention of obesity-induced metabolic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Tak Jeon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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194
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Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor Ameliorates Seawater Immersion-Induced Intestinal Mucosa Injury via Antioxidation, Modulation of NF-κB Activity, and Its Related Cytokines in Rats with Open Abdominal Injury. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2014; 2014:858237. [PMID: 25210512 PMCID: PMC4158255 DOI: 10.1155/2014/858237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the role of oxidative stress, NF-κB activity, and its related cytokines in the pathogenesis of seawater immersion after open abdominal injury (SI-OAI) and whether UTI treatment can attenuate SI-OAI induced IMI. Methods. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: C group, S group, and U group. The rats in C group only suffered from anesthesia and surgical operation, whereas the rats in S group and U group received caudal vein injection of normal saline without/with 50,000 U/kg body weight of UTI. The activities of TNF-α, IL-6, SOD, MDA, ROS, NF-κB, and IκB-β were monitored by ELISA, biochemical methods, EMSA, and Western blot, respectively. Results. The plasma inflammatory mediators and the contents of MDA, ROS, and NF-κB in intestine as well as the pathological scores in ileal mucosa were significantly increased in rats after SI-OAI, accompanied by a reduction in SOD activities and IκB-β levels. UTI treatment significantly attenuated intestinal histopathological changes with evidence of a decrease in all of the parameters, except for upregulation of the levels of SOD and IκB-β protein. Conclusion. UTI can attenuate SI-OAI induced IMI via inhibition of NF-κB activity, subsequently inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and by combating oxidative stress.
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195
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Bin L, Luping D, Bing S, Zhengyu Y, Maojun L, Zhixin F, Yanna W, Haiyan W, Guoqing S, Kongwang H. Transcription analysis of the porcine alveolar macrophage response to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101968. [PMID: 25098731 PMCID: PMC4123846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is considered the major causative agent of porcine respiratory disease complex, occurs worldwide and causes major economic losses to the pig industry. To gain more insights into the pathogenesis of this organism, the high throughput cDNA microarray assays were employed to evaluate host responses of porcine alveolar macrophages to M. hyopneumoniae infection. A total of 1033 and 1235 differentially expressed genes were identified in porcine alveolar macrophages in responses to exposure to M. hyopneumoniae at 6 and 15 hours post infection, respectively. The differentially expressed genes were involved in many vital functional classes, including inflammatory response, immune response, apoptosis, cell adhesion, defense response, signal transduction, protein folding, protein ubiquitination and so on. The pathway analysis demonstrated that the most significant pathways were the chemokine signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domains (Nod)-like receptor signaling pathway and apoptosis signaling pathway. The reliability of the data obtained from the microarray was verified by performing quantitative real-time PCR. The expression kinetics of chemokines was further analyzed. The present study is the first to document the response of porcine alveolar macrophages to M. hyopneumoniae infection. The data further developed our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of M. hyopneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Bin
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (LB); (HK)
| | - Du Luping
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sun Bing
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhengyu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liu Maojun
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhixin
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yanna
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wang Haiyan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shao Guoqing
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - He Kongwang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (LB); (HK)
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196
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Zhang Y, Dean C, Chessum L, Nguyen D, Stewart M, Taylor M, Cookson WO, Moffatt MF. Functional analysis of a novel ENU-induced PHD finger 11 (Phf11) mouse mutant. Mamm Genome 2014; 25:573-82. [PMID: 25091723 PMCID: PMC4239810 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-014-9535-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previously, human genetic studies have shown association between polymorphisms within the gene encoding plant homeodomain zinc finger protein 11 (PHF11) and asthma-related phenotypes. Initial functional studies have suggested that PHF11 may be involved in the immune response through regulation of T cell activities. In order to study further the gene’s functions, we have investigated the mouse Phf11 locus. We have established and characterised a mouse line harbouring a point mutation in the PHD domain of Phf11. Full-length mouse cDNA for Phf11 was obtained by applying rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). All five exons encoding the PHD domain of Phf11 were directly sequenced in 3840 mouse DNA samples from the UK MRC Harwell ENU (N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea)-mutagenised DNA archive. Mice harbouring a valine to alanine substitution, predicted to have a significant functional impact on the PHD zinc finger domain, were re-derived. These Phf11 mutant mice were outcrossed to C3H mice and then backcrossed for ten generations in order to establish a congenic line harbouring the single point mutation in Phf11. Macroscopic examination, haematology and histological examination of lung structure revealed no significant differences between mutant and wild-type mice. After administration of lipopolysaccharide, the level of expression of Il2, NF-kB and Setdb2 were significantly increased in Phf11 mutant homozygous lungs compared to control littermates. Our results provide evidence that Phf11 can operate as a Th1 cell regulator in immune responses. Moreover, our data indicate that these mice may provide a useful model for future studies on Phf11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Zhang
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Group, Division of Respiratory Sciences, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK,
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Song Q, Jiang Z, Li N, Liu P, Liu L, Tang M, Cheng G. Anti-inflammatory effects of three-dimensional graphene foams cultured with microglial cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:6930-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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198
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein 4 antagonizes beta interferon expression by targeting the NF-κB essential modulator. J Virol 2014; 88:10934-45. [PMID: 25008936 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01396-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a highly infectious pathogen that causes severe diseases in pigs and great economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Type I interferons (IFNs) play a crucial role in antiviral immunity. In the present study, we demonstrated that infection with the highly pathogenic PRRSV strain JXwn06 antagonized type I IFN expression induced by poly(I·C) in both porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) and blood monocyte-derived macrophages (BMo). Subsequently, we showed that the inhibition of poly(I·C)-induced IFN-β production by PRRSV was dependent on the blocking of NF-κB signaling pathways. By screening PRRSV nonstructural and structural proteins, we demonstrated that nonstructural protein 4 (nsp4), a viral 3C-like serine protease, significantly suppressed IFN-β expression. Moreover, we verified that nsp4 inhibited NF-κB activation induced by signaling molecules, including RIG-I, VISA, TRIF, and IKKβ. nsp4 was shown to target the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) at the E349-S350 site to mediate its cleavage. Importantly, nsp4 mutants with defective protease activity abolished its ability to cleave NEMO and inhibit IFN-β production. These findings might have implications for our understanding of PRRSV pathogenesis and its mechanisms for evading the host immune response. IMPORTANCE Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major agent of respiratory diseases in pigs. Like many other viruses, PRRSV has evolved a variety of strategies to evade host antiviral innate immunity for survival and propagation. In this study, we show that PRRSV nsp4 is a novel antagonist of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which is responsible for regulating the expression of type I interferons and other crucial cytokines. We then investigated the underlying mechanism used by nsp4 to suppress NF-κB-mediated IFN-β production. We found that nsp4 interfered with the NF-κB signaling pathway through the cleavage of NEMO (a key regulator of NF-κB signaling) at the E349-S350 site, leading to the downregulation of IFN-β production induced by poly(I·C). The data presented here may help us to better understand PRRSV pathogenesis.
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199
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Sun H, Wu Y, Fu D, Liu Y, Huang C. SIRT6 Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Partially via Suppressing the Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway. Stem Cells 2014; 32:1943-55. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Yanru Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjie Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Yinchen Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan Hubei People's Republic of China
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Yang Z, Zhou E, Wei D, Li D, Wei Z, Zhang W, Zhang X. Emodin inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response by activating PPAR-γ in mouse mammary epithelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21:354-60. [PMID: 24874440 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative isolated from the rhizomes of Rheum palmatum, has been reported to have a protective effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of emodin in modifying lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced signaling pathways in mouse mammary epithelial cells (MEC). The pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), inhibitory kappa B (IκBα) protein, p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and PPAR-γ were determined by Western blotting. The results showed that emodin suppressed tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), iNOS and COX-2 expression. We also found that emodin inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation, IκBα degradation, phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and P38. Furthermore, emodin could activate PPAR-γ and the anti-inflammatory effects of emodin can be reversed by GW9662, a specific antagonist for PPAR-γ. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that emodin activates PPAR-γ, thereby attenuating LPS-induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Ershun Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Depeng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xichen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China.
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