151
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Elwej A, Ghorbel I, Chaabane M, Soudani N, Marrekchi R, Jamoussi K, Mnif H, Boudawara T, Zeghal N, Sefi M. Protective effects of dietary selenium and vitamin C in barium-induced cardiotoxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:1146-1157. [PMID: 27941167 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116681651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several metals including barium (Ba) known as environmental pollutants provoke deleterious effects on human health. The present work pertains to the potential ability of selenium (Se) and/or vitamin C, used as nutritional supplements, to alleviate the toxic effects induced by barium chloride (BaCl2) in the heart of adult rats. Animals were randomly divided into seven groups of six each: group 1, serving as negative controls, received distilled water; group 2 received in their drinking water BaCl2 (67 ppm); group 3 received both Ba and Se (sodium selenite 0.5 mg kg-1 of diet); group 4 received both Ba and vitamin C (200 mg kg-1 bodyweight) via force feeding; group 5 received Ba, Se, and vitamin C; and groups 6 and 7, serving as positive controls, received either Se or vitamin C for 21 days. The exposure of rats to BaCl2 caused cardiotoxicity as monitored by an increase in malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and advanced oxidation protein product levels, a decrease in Na+-K+ adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), Mg2+ ATPase, and acetylcholinesterase activities and in antioxidant defense system (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and nonprotein thiols). Plasma lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase activities, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels increased, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level decreased. Coadministration of Se and/or vitamin C restored the parameters indicated above to near control values. The histopathological findings confirmed the biochemical results. Se and vitamin C may be a promising therapeutic strategy for Ba-induced heart injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awatef Elwej
- 1 Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Ghorbel
- 1 Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Chaabane
- 1 Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nejla Soudani
- 1 Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Marrekchi
- 2 Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Jamoussi
- 2 Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hela Mnif
- 3 Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahia Boudawara
- 3 Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najiba Zeghal
- 1 Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mediha Sefi
- 1 Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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152
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Tunis SR, Messner DA. Payer Perspectives on Coverage of Biomarker Testing in Cardiovascular Disease. Clin Chem 2016; 63:258-260. [PMID: 27864388 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.268136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Tunis
- Center for Medical Technology Policy, Baltimore, MD
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153
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Revin VV, Gromova NV, Revina ES, Martynova MI, Seikina AI, Revina NV, Imarova OG, Solomadin IN, Tychkov AY, Zhelev N. Role of Membrane Lipids in the Regulation of Erythrocytic Oxygen-Transport Function in Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3429604. [PMID: 27872848 PMCID: PMC5107249 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3429604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The composition and condition of membrane lipids, the morphology of erythrocytes, and hemoglobin distribution were explored with the help of laser interference microscopy (LIM) and Raman spectroscopy. It is shown that patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have significant changes in the composition of their phospholipids and the fatty acids of membrane lipids. Furthermore, the microviscosity of the membranes and morphology of the erythrocytes are altered causing disordered oxygen transport by hemoglobin. Basic therapy carried out with the use of antiaggregants, statins, antianginals, beta-blockers, and calcium antagonists does not help to recover the morphofunctional properties of erythrocytes. Based on the results the authors assume that, for the relief of the ischemic crisis and further therapeutic treatment, it is necessary to include, in addition to cardiovascular disease medicines, medication that increases the ability of erythrocytes' hemoglobin to transport oxygen to the tissues. We assume that the use of LIM and Raman spectroscopy is advisable for early diagnosis of changes in the structure and functional state of erythrocytes when cardiovascular diseases develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V. Revin
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Gromova
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Elvira S. Revina
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Maria I. Martynova
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Angelina I. Seikina
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Revina
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Oksana G. Imarova
- GBUZ RM “National Hospital for War Veterans”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Ilia N. Solomadin
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Alexander Yu. Tychkov
- Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk 430005, Russia
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154
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Gupta A, Bhatnagar S. Vasoregression: A Shared Vascular Pathology Underlying Macrovascular And Microvascular Pathologies? OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2016; 19:733-53. [PMID: 26669709 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2015.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vasoregression is a common phenomenon underlying physiological vessel development as well as pathological microvascular diseases leading to peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, and vascular oculopathies. In this review, we describe the hallmarks and pathways of vasoregression. We argue here that there is a parallel between characteristic features of vasoregression in the ocular microvessels and atherosclerosis in the larger vessels. Shared molecular pathways and molecular effectors in the two conditions are outlined, thus highlighting the possible systemic causes of local vascular diseases. Our review gives us a system-wide insight into factors leading to multiple synchronous vascular diseases. Because shared molecular pathways might usefully address the diagnostic and therapeutic needs of multiple common complex diseases, the literature analysis presented here is of broad interest to readership in integrative biology, rational drug development and systems medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Gupta
- 1 Computational and Structural Biology Laboratory, Division of Biotechnology, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology , Dwarka, New Delhi, India .,2 Department of Biotechnology, IMS Engineering College , Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sonika Bhatnagar
- 1 Computational and Structural Biology Laboratory, Division of Biotechnology, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology , Dwarka, New Delhi, India
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155
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Thorpe RJ, Fesahazion RG, Parker L, Wilder T, Rooks RN, Bowie JV, Bell CN, Szanton SL, LaVeist TA. Accelerated Health Declines among African Americans in the USA. J Urban Health 2016; 93:808-819. [PMID: 27653384 PMCID: PMC5052148 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-016-0075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The weathering hypothesis, an explanation for race disparities in the USA, asserts that the health of African Americans begin to deteriorate prematurely compared to whites as a consequence of long-term exposure to social and environmental risk factors. Using data from 2000-2009 National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS), we sought to describe differences in age-related health outcomes in 619,130 African Americans and whites. Outcome measures included hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. Using a mixed models approach to age-period-cohort analysis, we calculated age- and race-specific prevalence rates that accounted for the complex sampling design of NHIS. African Americans exhibited higher prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, and stroke than whites across all age groups. Consistent with the weathering hypothesis, African Americans exhibited equivalent prevalence rates for these three conditions 10 years earlier than whites. This suggests that African Americans are acquiring age-related conditions prematurely compared to whites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland J Thorpe
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Ste 708, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
- Center for Biobehavioral Health Disparities Research, Duke University, Durham, USA.
| | - Ruth G Fesahazion
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Ste 708, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Lauren Parker
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Tanganiyka Wilder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ronica N Rooks
- Department of Health and Behavioral Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, USA
| | - Janice V Bowie
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Ste 708, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Caryn N Bell
- Department of African American Studies, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Sarah L Szanton
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Ste 708, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Thomas A LaVeist
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Ste 708, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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156
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Alkaabi J, Gariballa S, Sharma C, Yasin J, Essa AA, Ali H, Souid AK. Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risks among overweight-obese Emirati women. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:355. [PMID: 27440160 PMCID: PMC4955260 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-2160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of abdominal obesity among women in UAE is exceptionally high. However, its impact on cardiovascular health has not been adequately investigated. The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) correlations between inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers vs. anthropometric and metabolic measures; (2) rates of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension and (3) risks of cardiovascular disease. METHODS One hundred ten "healthy" overweight/obese Emirati women attending nutrition counselling clinics were randomly recruited. All participants had completed questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory assessment. RESULTS The participants' mean ± SD of age, body mass-index, waist circumference were 39 ± 9 years, 34 ± 6 kg/m(2) and 100 ± 13 cm respectively. Among the studied women 45 % met diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome showing a positive correlation of hsCRP with BMI (p = 0.002), body fat (p = 0.002) and waist circumference (p = 0.018). There was positive correlation of IL-6 with waist circumference (p = 0.019) and adiponectin with HDL (p = 0.007). Prevalence of HDL <1.3 mmol/L or triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L were 82 %, dysglycemia 31 %, and hypertension 27 and 37 % of women had either 'high' or 'moderate' calculated cardiovascular 10-year risk score. CONCLUSION The levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were highly prevalent among overweight/obese Emirati women and this may predispose to increasing cardiovascular risks at relatively young age. Thus effective strategies to impact cardiovascular burden and conducting outcome studies assessing the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and addressing obesity prevention among women are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juma Alkaabi
- />Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salah Gariballa
- />Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charu Sharma
- />Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Javed Yasin
- />Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Awad Al Essa
- />Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba Ali
- />Department of Nutrition and Health, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul-Kader Souid
- />Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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157
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Atteritano M, Catalano A, Santoro D, Lasco A, Benvenga S. Effects of strontium ranelate on markers of cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Endocrine 2016; 53:305-12. [PMID: 26304851 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent pooled analyses have shown that strontium ranelate increases the incidence of venous thromboembolism and non-fatal myocardial infarction, but no explanations were given. The aim of our study was to assess the effects a 12-month treatment with strontium ranelate on hemostasis factors and markers of cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Forty osteoporotic postmenopausal women received orally strontium ranelate 2 g daily, plus calcium and colecalcipherol for 12 months. Forty postmenopausal osteopenic women matched for age, menopausal age, and body mass index served as controls and received orally calcium and colecalcipherol for 12 months. Biochemical cardiovascular risk factors and hemostatic indices were assayed prior to treatment, and after 3, 6, and 12 months of therapy. These indices included fibrinogen, fasting glucose, total serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma levels of D-dimer, homocysteine, partial thromboplastin time, and prothrombin time. In addition, we evaluated possible changes in blood pressure and occurrence of venous thromboembolic events. At baseline, no statistically significance was observed between the two groups except for bone mineral density at lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur, which was lower in strontium ranelate group. After 12 months of treatment, there was no statistically significant change in cardiovascular risk factors and hemostatic parameters. None of the 40 women developed any clinical venous thromboembolic event. A 12-month treatment with strontium ranelate did not alter hemostasis factors or markers of cardiovascular risk, suggesting that reported increased risk of venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction with strontium is mediated by other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Atteritano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Pad. C, 3rd Floor, A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Martino" Via C. Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonino Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Pad. C, 3rd Floor, A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Martino" Via C. Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Pad. C, 3rd Floor, A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Martino" Via C. Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Lasco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Pad. C, 3rd Floor, A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Martino" Via C. Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Benvenga
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Pad. C, 3rd Floor, A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Martino" Via C. Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
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158
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Yuan L, Zhen J, Ma W, Cai C, Huang X, Xiao R. The Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Profile and Cognitive Function in Old Chinese Adults. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070385. [PMID: 27347995 PMCID: PMC4963861 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship between the erythrocyte fatty acid profile and cognition in elderly Chinese adults. Methods: 60 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects and 60 age- and gender-matched control adults (aged 55 years and above) were involved in this cross-sectional study. Cognitive function was measured by using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Information regarding the demographic characteristics and lifestyle of the participants was collected with a questionnaire. A semi-quantified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) method was used for dietary assessment. The erythrocytes fatty acid profile was measured. Results: The MCI subjects had a lower education level than the control subjects (p < 0.05). Compared with control subjects, MCI subjects had higher daily poultry intake and lower fish intake (p < 0.05). Erythrocyte fatty acid profile of the MCI subjects was characterized as lower erythrocyte proportions of 20:4 n-6, 20:5 n-3, and total n-3 fatty acids compared with control subjects (p < 0.05). An association of erythrocyte proportions of 18:0, 22:0, total SFA, 18:2 n-6, 24:4 n-6 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and total n-6 PUFAs with cognition in elderly Chinese adults was detected. Conclusion: The erythrocyte fatty acid profile was related to cognitionin the elderly. Lower erythrocyte unsaturated fatty acid and higher saturated fatty acid proportions might predict cognitive function decline in elderly Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jie Zhen
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Can Cai
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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159
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Zhang L, Tong S, Zhou J, Bao G. Accurate Quantification of Disease Markers in Human Serum Using Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-linked Immunosorbent Assay. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1353-61. [PMID: 27375784 PMCID: PMC4924504 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate and reliable quantification of biomarkers in the blood is essential in disease screening and diagnosis. Here we describe an iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP)-linked immunosorbent assay (ILISA) for detecting biomolecules in human serum. Sandwich ILISA was optimized for the detection of four important serological markers, IgA, IgG, IgM, and C-reactive protein (CRP), and assessed with normal sera, simulated disease-state sera and the serum samples from patients infected with West Nile virus (WNV) or human herpes virus (HHV). Our study shows that using the detection assay formulated with 18.8 nm wüstite nanocrystals, ILISA can achieve sub-picomolar detection sensitivity, and all four markers can be accurately quantified over a large dynamic range. In addition, ILISA is not susceptible to variations in operating procedures and shows better linearity and higher stability compared with ELISA, which facilitates its integration into detection methods suitable for point of care. Our results demonstrate that ILISA is a simple and versatile nanoplatform for highly sensitive and reliable detection of serological biomarkers in biomedical research and clinical applications.
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160
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Rama EC, Costa-García A. Screen-printed Electrochemical Immunosensors for the Detection of Cancer and Cardiovascular Biomarkers. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Costa Rama
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química; Universidad de Oviedo; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Agustín Costa-García
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química; Universidad de Oviedo; 33006 Oviedo Spain
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161
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Chrysohoou C, Metallinos G, Georgiopoulos G, Mendrinos D, Papanikolaou A, Magkas N, Pitsavos C, Vyssoulis G, Stefanadis C, Tousoulis D. Short term omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation induces favorable changes in right ventricle function and diastolic filling pressure in patients with chronic heart failure; A randomized clinical trial. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 79:43-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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162
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The impact of nutrients on the aging rate: A complex interaction of demographic, environmental and genetic factors. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 154:49-61. [PMID: 26876763 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition has a strong influence on the health status of the elderly, with many dietary components associated to either an increased risk of disease or to an improvement of the quality of life and to a delay of age-related pathologies. A direct effect of a reduced caloric intake on the delay of aging phenotypes is documented in several organisms. The role of nutrients in the regulation of human lifespan is not easy to disentangle, influenced by a complex interaction of nutrition with environmental and genetic factors. The individual genetic background is fundamental for mediating the effects of nutritional components on aging. Classical genetic factors able to influence nutrient metabolism are considered those belonging to insulin/insulin growth factor (INS/IGF-1) signaling, TOR signaling and Sirtuins, but also genes involved in inflammatory/immune response and antioxidant activity can have a major role. Considering the worldwide increasing interest in nutrition to prevent age related diseases and achieve a healthy aging, in this review we will discuss this complex interaction, in the light of metabolic changes occurring with aging, with the aim of shedding a light on the enormous complexity of the metabolic scenario underlying longevity phenotype.
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163
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Zortea K, Franco VC, Francesconi LP, Cereser KMM, Lobato MIR, Belmonte-de-Abreu PS. Resveratrol Supplementation in Schizophrenia Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Serum Glucose and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Nutrients 2016; 8:73. [PMID: 26840331 PMCID: PMC4772037 DOI: 10.3390/nu8020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with schizophrenia (SZ) are generally overweight or obese and have several metabolic disorders. Additionally, such patients have a lower life expectancy and the main cause of their increased mortality is cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of resveratrol supplementation on serum glucose and CVD risk factors in individuals with SZ. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a four-week randomized, double-blind controlled trial (registration No.: NCT 02062190) in which 19 men with a diagnosis of SZ, aged 18 to 65, were assigned to either a resveratrol supplement group (200 mg/day) or a placebo group (200 mg/day). In short, we did not observe significant changes after resveratrol supplementation. In the placebo group, we found a significant increase in total cholesterol levels (p = 0.024) and in LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.002), as well as a decrease in body fat percentage (p = 0.038). The placebo group also showed an increase in triglycerides (9.19%) and a reduction in HDL-cholesterol (4.88%). In the resveratrol group, triglycerides decreased (7.64%). CONCLUSION In summary, oral resveratrol in reasonably low dosages (200 mg daily) brought no differences to body weight, waist circumference, glucose, and total cholesterol. It was possible to note that the lipid profile in the placebo group worsened and, although no significant differences were found, we can assume that resveratrol might prevent lipid profile damage and that the intervention affected the lipoprotein metabolism at various levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Zortea
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
| | - Viviane C Franco
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
| | - Lenise P Francesconi
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
| | - Keila M M Cereser
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maria Inês R Lobato
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
| | - Paulo S Belmonte-de-Abreu
- Schizophrenia Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil.
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164
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Brunius C, Shi L, Landberg R. Metabolomics for Improved Understanding and Prediction of Cardiometabolic Diseases—Recent Findings from Human Studies. Curr Nutr Rep 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-015-0144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Circulating miR-33a and miR-33b are up-regulated in familial hypercholesterolaemia in paediatric age. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 129:963-72. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20150235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circulating miR-33a and miR-33b are up-regulated in familial hypercholesterolaemic children. miR-33a and miR-33b positively correlate with total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio, apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein and glycaemia. miR-33 could be a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases associated with paediatric hypercholesterolaemia.
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