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Ballantyne MD, Pinel K, Dakin R, Vesey AT, Diver L, Mackenzie R, Garcia R, Welsh P, Sattar N, Hamilton G, Joshi N, Dweck MR, Miano JM, McBride MW, Newby DE, McDonald RA, Baker AH. Smooth Muscle Enriched Long Noncoding RNA (SMILR) Regulates Cell Proliferation. Circulation 2016; 133:2050-65. [PMID: 27052414 PMCID: PMC4872641 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.021019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells from a contractile to a synthetic state is implicated in diverse vascular pathologies, including atherogenesis, plaque stabilization, and neointimal hyperplasia. However, very little is known about the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) during this process. Here, we investigated a role for lncRNAs in vascular smooth muscle cell biology and pathology. METHODS AND RESULTS Using RNA sequencing, we identified >300 lncRNAs whose expression was altered in human saphenous vein vascular smooth muscle cells following stimulation with interleukin-1α and platelet-derived growth factor. We focused on a novel lncRNA (Ensembl: RP11-94A24.1), which we termed smooth muscle-induced lncRNA enhances replication (SMILR). Following stimulation, SMILR expression was increased in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, and was detected in conditioned media. Furthermore, knockdown of SMILR markedly reduced cell proliferation. Mechanistically, we noted that expression of genes proximal to SMILR was also altered by interleukin-1α/platelet-derived growth factor treatment, and HAS2 expression was reduced by SMILR knockdown. In human samples, we observed increased expression of SMILR in unstable atherosclerotic plaques and detected increased levels in plasma from patients with high plasma C-reactive protein. CONCLUSIONS These results identify SMILR as a driver of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and suggest that modulation of SMILR may be a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret D Ballantyne
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Karine Pinel
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Rachel Dakin
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Alex T Vesey
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Louise Diver
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Ruth Mackenzie
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Raquel Garcia
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Paul Welsh
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Naveed Sattar
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Graham Hamilton
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Marc R Dweck
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Joseph M Miano
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Martin W McBride
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - David E Newby
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Robert A McDonald
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.)
| | - Andrew H Baker
- From BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (M.D.B., R.D., L.D., R.M., R.G., P.W., N.S., M.W.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); British Heart Foundation/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.D.B., K.P., A.T.V., N.J., M.R.D., D.E.N., R.A.M., A.H.B.); Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (G.H.); and Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY (J.M.M.).
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157
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Connor Y, Tekleab S, Nandakumar S, Walls C, Tekleab Y, Husain A, Gadish O, Sabbisetti V, Kaushik S, Sehrawat S, Kulkarni A, Dvorak H, Zetter B, R Edelman E, Sengupta S. Physical nanoscale conduit-mediated communication between tumour cells and the endothelium modulates endothelial phenotype. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8671. [PMID: 26669454 PMCID: PMC4697439 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major cause of mortality and remains a hurdle in the search for a cure for cancer. Not much is known about metastatic cancer cells and endothelial cross-talk, which occurs at multiple stages during metastasis. Here we report a dynamic regulation of the endothelium by cancer cells through the formation of nanoscale intercellular membrane bridges, which act as physical conduits for transfer of microRNAs. The communication between the tumour cell and the endothelium upregulates markers associated with pathological endothelium, which is reversed by pharmacological inhibition of these nanoscale conduits. These results lead us to define the notion of ‘metastatic hijack': cancer cell-induced transformation of healthy endothelium into pathological endothelium via horizontal communication through the nanoscale conduits. Pharmacological perturbation of these nanoscale membrane bridges decreases metastatic foci in vivo. Targeting these nanoscale membrane bridges may potentially emerge as a new therapeutic opportunity in the management of metastatic cancer. Cancer cells and stromal cells have been shown to pass cellular information between each other via exosomes. Here, the authors demonstrate that cancer cells can communicate with endothelial cells through nanoscale membrane bridges, and demonstrate that microRNAs are passed through these nanobridges, which modulates endothelial cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamicia Connor
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Sarah Tekleab
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Shyama Nandakumar
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Cherelle Walls
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Yonatan Tekleab
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Amjad Husain
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Or Gadish
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Venkata Sabbisetti
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Shelly Kaushik
- India Innovation Research Center, New Delhi 110092, India
| | - Seema Sehrawat
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ashish Kulkarni
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Harold Dvorak
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Bruce Zetter
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Program in Vascular Biology and Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Elazer R Edelman
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Shiladitya Sengupta
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Room 317, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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