151
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Mirzaei H. Stroke in Women: Risk Factors and Clinical Biomarkers. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4191-4202. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical BiotechnologySchool of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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152
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Mulholland EJ, Dunne N, McCarthy HO. MicroRNA as Therapeutic Targets for Chronic Wound Healing. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 8:46-55. [PMID: 28918046 PMCID: PMC5485763 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a highly complex biological process composed of three overlapping phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Impairments at any one or more of these stages can lead to compromised healing. MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of multiple proteins and associated pathways. Thus, identification of the appropriate miR involved in the different phases of wound healing could reveal an effective third-generation genetic therapy in chronic wound care. Several miRs have been shown to be upregulated or downregulated during the wound healing process. This article examines the biological processes involved in wound healing, the miR involved at each stage, and how expression levels are modulated in the chronic wound environment. Key miRs are highlighted as possible therapeutic targets, either through underexpression or overexpression, and the healing benefits are interrogated. These are prime miR candidates that could be considered as a gene therapy option for patients suffering from chronic wounds. The success of miR as a gene therapy, however, is reliant on the development of an appropriate delivery system that must be designed to overcome both extracellular and intracellular barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoghan J Mulholland
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Nicholas Dunne
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Stokes Building, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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153
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Lee A, Papangeli I, Park Y, Jeong HN, Choi J, Kang H, Jo HN, Kim J, Chun HJ. A PPARγ-dependent miR-424/503-CD40 axis regulates inflammation mediated angiogenesis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2528. [PMID: 28566713 PMCID: PMC5451412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the endothelium by pro-inflammatory stimuli plays a key role in the pathogenesis of a multitude of vascular diseases. Angiogenesis is a crucial component of the vascular response associated with inflammatory signaling. The CD40/CD40 ligand dyad in endothelial cells (EC) has a central role in promoting vascular inflammatory response; however, the molecular mechanism underlying this component of inflammation and angiogenesis is not fully understood. Here we report a novel microRNA mediated suppression of endothelial CD40 expression. We found that CD40 is closely regulated by miR-424 and miR-503, which directly target its 3′ untranslated region. Pro-inflammatory stimuli led to increased endothelial CD40 expression, at least in part due to decreased miR-424 and miR-503 expression. In addition, miR-424 and miR-503 reduced LPS induced EC sprouting, migration and tube formation. Moreover, we found that miR-424 and miR-503 expression is directly regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), whose endothelial expression and activity are decreased in response to inflammatory factors. Finally, we demonstrate that mice with endothelial-specific deletion of miR-322 (miR-424 ortholog) and miR-503 have augmented angiogenic response to LPS in a Matrigel plug assay. Overall, these studies identify a PPARγ-dependent miR-424/503-CD40 signaling axis that is critical for regulation of inflammation mediated angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Lee
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, Korea
| | - Irinna Papangeli
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Youngsook Park
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, Korea
| | - Ha-Neul Jeong
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, Korea
| | - Jihea Choi
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, Korea
| | - Hyesoo Kang
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, Korea
| | - Ha-Neul Jo
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 140-742, Korea. .,Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Hyung J Chun
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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154
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Downregulation of miR-199a-5p promotes prostate adeno-carcinoma progression through loss of its inhibition of HIF-1α. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83523-83538. [PMID: 29137361 PMCID: PMC5663533 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) plays key roles in cell survival under both hypoxia and normoxia conditions. Regulation of HIF-1α is complex and involves numerous molecules and pathways, including post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs). Although upregulation of HIF-1α has been shown to promote prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) progression, the mechanism by which miRNAs modulate HIF-1α in prostate cancer has not been clarified. Here, we show that miR-199a-5p is underexpressed in prostate adenocarcinoma. Artificial overexpression of miR-199a-5p decreased cell proliferation, motility, and tumor angiogenesis and increased apoptosis in PCa cell liness PC-3 and DU145 by directly targeting the 3’-untranslated region (UTR) of HIF-1α mRNA, which reduced HIF-1α levels as well as downstream genes transactivated by HIF-1α (such as VEGF, CXCR4, BNIP3 and BCL-xL). Abnormalities of miR-199a-HIF regulation may contribute significantly to PCa pathogenesis and progression.
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155
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Song J, Sundar K, Gangaraju R, Prchal JT. Regulation of erythropoiesis after normoxic return from chronic sustained and intermittent hypoxia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:1671-1675. [PMID: 28522758 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00119.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia increases erythropoiesis mediated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF), which regulate erythropoietin transcription. Neocytolysis is a physiological mechanism that corrects polycythemia from chronic sustained hypoxemia by transient, preferential destruction of young RBCs after normoxia is restored. We showed that neocytolysis is caused by excessive mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species in reticulocytes mediated by downregulation of HIF-controlled BNIP3L regulated mitophagy and a decrease in RBC antioxidant catalase (CAT) in hypoxia-produced erythrocytes. Decreased CAT results from hypoxia-induced miR-21 that downregulates CAT. This correlates with a transient acute decrease of HIF-1 at normoxic return that is associated with normalization of red cell mass.
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156
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Aquila G, Fortini C, Pannuti A, Delbue S, Pannella M, Morelli MB, Caliceti C, Castriota F, de Mattei M, Ongaro A, Pellati A, Ferrante P, Miele L, Tavazzi L, Ferrari R, Rizzo P, Cremonesi A. Distinct gene expression profiles associated with Notch ligands Delta-like 4 and Jagged1 in plaque material from peripheral artery disease patients: a pilot study. J Transl Med 2017; 15:98. [PMID: 28472949 PMCID: PMC5418727 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The lack of early diagnosis, progression markers and effective pharmacological treatment has dramatic unfavourable effects on clinical outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Addressing these issues will require dissecting the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease. We sought to characterize the Notch signaling and atherosclerosis relevant markers in lesions from femoral arteries of symptomatic PAD patients. Methods Plaque material from the common femoral, superficial femoral or popliteal arteries of 20 patients was removed by directional atherectomy. RNA was obtained from 9 out of 20 samples and analysed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results We detected expression of Notch ligands Delta-like 4 (Dll4) and Jagged1 (Jag1), of Notch target genes Hes1, Hey1, Hey2, HeyL and of markers of plaque inflammation and stability such as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), smooth muscle 22 (SM22), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), Bcl2, CD68 and miRNAs 21-5p, 125a-5p, 126-5p,146-5p, 155-5p, 424-5p. We found an “inflamed plaque” gene expression profile characterized by high Dll4 associated to medium/high CD68, COX2, VCAM1, Hes1, miR126-5p, miR146a-5p, miR155-5p, miR424-5p and low Jag1, SM22, Bcl2, Hey2, HeyL, miR125a-5p (2/9 patients) and a “stable plaque” profile characterized by high Jag1 associated to medium/high Hey2, HeyL, SM22, Bcl2, miR125a and low Dll4, CD68, COX2, VCAM1, miR126-5p, miR146a-5p, miR155-5p, miR424-5p (3/9 patients). The remaining patients (4/9) showed a plaque profile with intermediate characteristics. Conclusions This study reveals the existence of a gene signature associated to Notch activation by specific ligands that could be predictive of PAD progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-017-1199-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Aquila
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fortini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Pannuti
- Department of Genetics and Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Serena Delbue
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Pannella
- GoldyneSavad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Cristiana Caliceti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castriota
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Monica de Mattei
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Ongaro
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Agnese Pellati
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ferrante
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics and Stanley Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrari
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Rizzo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 64/B, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Alberto Cremonesi
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, E.S. Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
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157
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Cao Y, Wang RH. Associations among Metabolism, Circadian Rhythm and Age-Associated Diseases. Aging Dis 2017; 8:314-333. [PMID: 28580187 PMCID: PMC5440111 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2016.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating epidemiological studies have implicated a strong link between age associated metabolic diseases and cancer, though direct and irrefutable evidence is missing. In this review, we discuss the connection between Warburg effects and tumorigenesis, as well as adaptive responses to environment such as circadian rhythms on molecular pathways involved in metabolism. We also review the central role of the sirtuin family of proteins in physiological modulation of cellular processes and age-associated metabolic diseases. We also provide a macroscopic view of how the circadian rhythm affects metabolism and may be involved in cell metabolism reprogramming and cancer pathogenesis. The aberrations in metabolism and the circadian system may lead to age-associated diseases directly or through intermediates. These intermediates may be either mutated or reprogrammed, thus becoming responsible for chromatin modification and oncogene transcription. Integration of circadian rhythm and metabolic reprogramming in the holistic understanding of metabolic diseases and cancer may provide additional insights into human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Cao
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Rui-Hong Wang
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Macau, China
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158
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Bertero T, Rezzonico R, Pottier N, Mari B. Impact of MicroRNAs in the Cellular Response to Hypoxia. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 333:91-158. [PMID: 28729029 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, hypoxia, or inadequate oxygen availability, regulates the expression of a specific set of MicroRNAs (MiRNAs), termed "hypoxamiRs." Over the past 10 years, the appreciation of the importance of hypoxamiRs in regulating the cellular adaptation to hypoxia has grown dramatically. At the cellular level, each hypoxamiR, including the master hypoxamiR MiR-210, can simultaneously regulate expression of multiple target genes in order to fine-tune the adaptive response of cells to hypoxia. This review addresses the complex molecular regulation of MiRNAs in both physiological and pathological conditions of low oxygen adaptation and the multiple functions of hypoxamiRs in various hypoxia-associated biological processes, including apoptosis, survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metabolism. From a clinical perspective, we also discuss the potential use of hypoxamiRs as new biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets in cancer and aging-associated diseases including cardiovascular and fibroproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bertero
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, FHU-OncoAge, Nice, France
| | - Roger Rezzonico
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, FHU-OncoAge, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | | | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, FHU-OncoAge, Sophia-Antipolis, France.
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159
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Rodriguez-Barrueco R, Nekritz EA, Bertucci F, Yu J, Sanchez-Garcia F, Zeleke TZ, Gorbatenko A, Birnbaum D, Ezhkova E, Cordon-Cardo C, Finetti P, Llobet-Navas D, Silva JM. miR-424(322)/503 is a breast cancer tumor suppressor whose loss promotes resistance to chemotherapy. Genes Dev 2017; 31:553-566. [PMID: 28404630 PMCID: PMC5393051 DOI: 10.1101/gad.292318.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Rodriguez-Barrueco et al. analyzed ∼3000 primary tumors and show that miR-424(322)/503 is commonly lost in a subset of aggressive breast cancers; they then describe the genetic aberrations that inactivate its expression. Their data show that miR-424(322)/503 is a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and provide a link between mammary epithelial involution, tumorigenesis, and the phenomenon of chemoresistance. The female mammary gland is a very dynamic organ that undergoes continuous tissue remodeling during adulthood. Although it is well established that the number of menstrual cycles and pregnancy (in this case transiently) increase the risk of breast cancer, the reasons are unclear. Growing clinical and experimental evidence indicates that improper involution plays a role in the development of this malignancy. Recently, we described the miR-424(322)/503 cluster as an important regulator of mammary epithelial involution after pregnancy. Here, through the analysis of ∼3000 primary tumors, we show that miR-424(322)/503 is commonly lost in a subset of aggressive breast cancers and describe the genetic aberrations that inactivate its expression. Furthermore, through the use of a knockout mouse model, we demonstrate for the first time that loss of miR-424(322)/503 promotes breast tumorigenesis in vivo. Remarkably, we found that loss of miR-424(322)/503 promotes chemoresistance due to the up-regulation of two of its targets: BCL-2 and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). Importantly, targeted therapies blocking the aberrant activity of these targets restore sensitivity to chemotherapy. Overall, our studies reveal miR-424(322)/503 as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and provide a link between mammary epithelial involution, tumorigenesis, and the phenomenon of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Rodriguez-Barrueco
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Erin A Nekritz
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - François Bertucci
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Jiyang Yu
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Kay Research and Care Center, IA6053, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | - Felix Sanchez-Garcia
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Tizita Z Zeleke
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Andrej Gorbatenko
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Elena Ezhkova
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Pascal Finetti
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille 13009, France
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M Silva
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
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160
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De Mariano M, Stigliani S, Moretti S, Parodi F, Croce M, Bernardi C, Pagano A, Tonini GP, Ferrini S, Longo L. A genome-wide microRNA profiling indicates miR-424-5p and miR-503-5p as regulators of ALK expression in neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56518-56532. [PMID: 28915608 PMCID: PMC5593579 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of missense mutations of ALK gene identified this receptor tyrosine kinase as a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma (NB). Moreover, a high level of ALK protein has been associated with metastatic NB cases and with a worse prognosis, suggesting that also ALK overexpression is involved in NB tumorigenesis. Since miRNAs play key roles in the regulation of gene expression we aimed at identifying those miRNAs that can regulate ALK in NB. We therefore analyzed the genome-wide expression profile of miRNAs in two sample sets of 16 NB cell lines and 22 NB samples by using miRNA microarrays. Both sample sets were then divided into two subgroups showing high (ALK+) or low/absent (ALK-) expression of ALK. Results showed a down-regulation of 30 and 23 miRNAs (p-value <0.05) in the ALK+ group in NB cell lines and samples, respectively. Validation analysis indicated that miR-424-5p and miR-503-5p, belonging to the same cluster, were differentially expressed in both NB cell lines and tumor samples. Although only miR-424-5p showed a direct binding to ALK 3′-UTR, both miRNAs led to a remarkable decreasing of ALK protein as well as to the inhibition of cell viability in ALK+ NB cell lines. In conclusion, our data indicate that both miR-424-5p and miR-503-5p are involved in regulating ALK expression in NB, either by directly targeting ALK receptor or indirectly, and may thus serve as potential therapeutic tools in ALK dependent NBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena De Mariano
- UOC Bioterapie, Dipartimento di Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Stigliani
- UOS Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione Umana, Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale, Specialistica ed Oncologica, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Moretti
- Université Paris-Dauphine, PSL Research University, CNRS, Department UMR [7243], LAMSADE, Paris, France
| | - Federica Parodi
- UOC Bioterapie, Dipartimento di Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Croce
- UOC Bioterapie, Dipartimento di Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bernardi
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Pagano
- Dipartimento di Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Tonini
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Pediatric Research Institute, Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvano Ferrini
- UOC Bioterapie, Dipartimento di Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Longo
- UOC Bioterapie, Dipartimento di Terapie Oncologiche Integrate, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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161
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a multifaceted vascular disease where development and severity are determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Over the past decade, there has been an acceleration of the discovery of molecular effectors that mediate PH pathogenesis, including large numbers of microRNA molecules that are expressed in pulmonary vascular cell types and exert system-wide regulatory functions in all aspects of vascular health and disease. Due to the inherent pleiotropy, overlap, and redundancy of these molecules, it has been challenging to define their integrated effects on overall disease manifestation. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the roles of microRNAs in PH with an emphasis on potential methods to discern the hierarchical motifs governing their multifunctional and interconnected activities. Deciphering this higher order of regulatory structure will be crucial for overcoming the challenges of developing these molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets, in isolation or combination.
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162
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Khoo CP, Roubelakis MG, Schrader JB, Tsaknakis G, Konietzny R, Kessler B, Harris AL, Watt SM. miR-193a-3p interaction with HMGB1 downregulates human endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44137. [PMID: 28276476 PMCID: PMC5343468 DOI: 10.1038/srep44137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to vascular repair where they are a target for therapy. Since ECFC proliferative potential is increased in cord versus peripheral blood and to define regulatory factors controlling this proliferation, we compared the miRNA profiles of cord blood and peripheral blood ECFC-derived cells. Of the top 25 differentially regulated miRNAs selected, 22 were more highly expressed in peripheral blood ECFC-derived cells. After validating candidate miRNAs by q-RT-PCR, we selected miR-193a-3p for further investigation. The miR-193a-3p mimic reduced cord blood ECFC-derived cell proliferation, migration and vascular tubule formation, while the miR-193a-3p inhibitor significantly enhanced these parameters in peripheral blood ECFC-derived cells. Using in silico miRNA target database analyses combined with proteome arrays and luciferase reporter assays of miR-193a-3p mimic treated cord blood ECFC-derived cells, we identified 2 novel miR-193a-3p targets, the high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and the hypoxia upregulated-1 (HYOU1) gene products. HMGB1 silencing in cord blood ECFC-derived cells confirmed its role in regulating vascular function. Thus, we show, for the first time, that miR-193a-3p negatively regulates human ECFC vasculo/angiogenesis and propose that antagonising miR-193a-3p in less proliferative and less angiogenic ECFC-derived cells will enhance their vasculo/angiogenic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheen P. Khoo
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
| | - Maria G. Roubelakis
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Laboratory of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens 115 27, Greece
- Cell and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Jack B. Schrader
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Grigorios Tsaknakis
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete
| | - Rebecca Konietzny
- Target Discovery Institute, NDM Research Building, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Benedikt Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, NDM Research Building, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Adrian L. Harris
- The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, OX3 9BQ, UK
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163
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Torres S, Garcia-Palmero I, Bartolomé RA, Fernandez-Aceñero MJ, Molina E, Calviño E, Segura MF, Casal JI. Combined miRNA profiling and proteomics demonstrates that different miRNAs target a common set of proteins to promote colorectal cancer metastasis. J Pathol 2017; 242:39-51. [PMID: 28054337 DOI: 10.1002/path.4874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The process of liver colonization in colorectal cancer remains poorly characterized. Here, we addressed the role of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation in metastasis. We first compared miRNA expression profiles between colorectal cancer cell lines with different metastatic properties and then identified target proteins of the dysregulated miRNAs to establish their functions and prognostic value. We found that 38 miRNAs were differentially expressed between highly metastatic (KM12SM/SW620) and poorly metastatic (KM12C/SW480) cancer cell lines. After initial validation, we determined that three miRNAs (miR-424-3p, -503, and -1292) were overexpressed in metastatic colorectal cancer cell lines and human samples. Stable transduction of non-metastatic cells with each of the three miRNAs promoted metastatic properties in culture and increased liver colonization in vivo. Moreover, miR-424-3p and miR-1292 were associated with poor prognosis in human patients. A quantitative proteomic analysis of colorectal cancer cells transfected with miR-424-3p, miR-503, or miR-1292 identified alterations in 149, 129, or 121 proteins, respectively, with an extensive overlap of the target proteins of the three miRNAs. Importantly, down-regulation of two of these shared target proteins, CKB and UBA2, increased cell adhesion and proliferation in colorectal cancer cells. The capacity of distinct miRNAs to regulate the same mRNAs boosts the capacity of miRNAs to regulate cancer metastasis and underscores the necessity of targeting multiple miRNAs for effective cancer therapy. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Torres
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Garcia-Palmero
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén A Bartolomé
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Elena Molina
- Surgical Pathology Department, Hospital Clínico, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Calviño
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel F Segura
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Ignacio Casal
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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164
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Juni RP, Abreu RC, da Costa Martins PA. Regulation of microvascularization in heart failure - an endothelial cell, non-coding RNAs and exosome liaison. Noncoding RNA Res 2017; 2:45-55. [PMID: 30159420 PMCID: PMC6096416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex syndrome involving various pathophysiological processes. An increasing body of evidence shows that the myocardial microvasculature is essential for the homeostasis state and that a decompensated heart is associated with microvascular dysfunction as a result of impaired endothelial angiogenic capacity. The intercellular communication between endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes through various signaling molecules, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxide, and non-coding RNAs is an important determinant of cardiac microvascular function. Non-coding RNAs are transported from endothelial cells to cardiomyocytes, and vice versa, regulating microvascular properties and angiogenic processes in the heart. Small-exocytosed vesicles, called exosomes, which are secreted by both cell types, can mediate this intercellular communication. The purpose of this review is to highlight the contribution of the microvasculature to proper heart function maintenance by focusing on the interaction between cardiac endothelial cells and myocytes with a specific emphasis on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in this form of cell-to-cell communication. Finally, the potential of ncRNAs as targets for angiogenesis therapy will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rio P. Juni
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo C. Abreu
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paula A. da Costa Martins
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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165
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Li L, Qi Q, Luo J, Huang S, Ling Z, Gao M, Zhou Z, Stiehler M, Zou X. FOXO1-suppressed miR-424 regulates the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by targeting FGF2 under oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42331. [PMID: 28186136 PMCID: PMC5301230 DOI: 10.1038/srep42331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as key regulators of the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Our previous in vivo study and other in vitro studies using miRNA microarrays suggest that miR-424 is involved in the regulation of bone formation. However, the role and mechanism of miR-424 in bone formation still remain unknown. Here, we identified that the downregulation of miR-424 mediates bone formation under oxidative stress, and we explored its underlying mechanism. Our results showed that miR-424 was significantly downregulated in an anterior lumbar interbody fusion model of pigs and in a cell model of oxidative stress induced by H2O2. The overexpression of miR-424 inhibited proliferation and osteogenic differentiation shown by a decrease in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization and osteogenic markers, including RUNX2 and ALP, whereas the knockdown of miR-424 led to the opposite results. Moreover, miR-424 exerts its effects by targeting FGF2. Furthermore, we found that FOXO1 suppressed miR-424 expression and bound to its promoter region. FOXO1 enhanced proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in part through the miR-424/FGF2 pathway. These results indicated that FOXO1-suppressed miR-424 regulates both the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs via targeting FGF2, suggesting that miR-424 might be a potential novel therapeutic strategy for promoting bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangping Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China.,Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Qihua Qi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Jiaquan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Zemin Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Manman Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Zhiyu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
| | - Maik Stiehler
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Orthopaedic Research Institute /Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P R China
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166
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Jung KO, Youn H, Lee CH, Kang KW, Chung JK. Visualization of exosome-mediated miR-210 transfer from hypoxic tumor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:9899-9910. [PMID: 28038441 PMCID: PMC5354779 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells actively release exosomes carrying specific cellular components, such as proteins, mRNA, and miRNA, to communicate with various cells in the tumor microenvironment. We visualized exosome-mediated transfer of miR-210 from hypoxic breast cancer cells to neighboring cells using a miR-210 specific reporter system. By in vitro and in vivo visualization, we found that exosomes with miR-210 were transferred to cells in the tumor microenvironment and that miR-210 was involved in expression of vascular remodeling related genes, such as Ephrin A3 and PTP1B, to promote angiogenesis. These results indicate that cellular components, such as miRNAs from hypoxic cancer cells, spread to adjacent cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment via exosomes and influence tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Oh Jung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Department of Radiation Oncology & Medical Physics, Stanford University, CA, USA, 94305
| | - Hyewon Youn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
| | - Chul-Hee Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
| | - June-Key Chung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, 110-799
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167
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Exosome-derived microRNAs in cancer metabolism: possible implications in cancer diagnostics and therapy. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e285. [PMID: 28104913 PMCID: PMC5291842 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2016.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant progression is greatly affected by dynamic cross-talk between stromal and cancer cells. Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles that have key roles in cell–cell communication by transferring nucleic acids and proteins to target cells and tissues. Recently, MicroRNAs (miRs) and their delivery in exosomes have been implicated in physiological and pathological processes. Tumor-delivered miRs, interacting with stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, modulate tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis and immune escape. Altered cell metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer. A number of different types of tumor rely on mitochondrial metabolism by triggering adaptive mechanisms to optimize their oxidative phosphorylation in relation to their substrate supply and energy demands. Exogenous exosomes can induce metabolic reprogramming by restoring the respiration of cancer cells and supress tumor growth. The exosomal miRs involved in the modulation of cancer metabolism may be potentially utilized for better diagnostics and therapy.
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168
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Retinal Diseases Associated with Oxidative Stress and the Effects of a Free Radical Scavenger (Edaravone). OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9208489. [PMID: 28194256 PMCID: PMC5286467 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9208489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in developing and accelerating retinal diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). An excess amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to functional and morphological impairments in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), endothelial cells, and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Here we demonstrate that edaravone, a free radical scavenger, decreased apoptotic cell death, oxidative damage to DNA and lipids, and angiogenesis through inhibiting JNK and p38 MAPK pathways in AMD, glaucoma, DR, and RVO animal models. These data suggest that the therapeutic strategy for targeting oxidative stress may be important for the treatment of these ocular diseases, and edaravone may be useful for treating retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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169
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Grimes JA, Prasad N, Levy S, Cattley R, Lindley S, Boothe HW, Henderson RA, Smith BF. A comparison of microRNA expression profiles from splenic hemangiosarcoma, splenic nodular hyperplasia, and normal spleens of dogs. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:272. [PMID: 27912752 PMCID: PMC5135805 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0903-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Splenic masses are common in older dogs; yet diagnosis preceding splenectomy and histopathology remains elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that play a role in post-transcriptional regulation, and differential expression of miRNAs between normal and tumor tissue has been used to diagnose neoplastic diseases. The objective of this study was to determine differential expression of miRNAs by use of RNA-sequencing in canine spleens that were histologically confirmed as hemangiosarcoma, nodular hyperplasia, or normal. Results Twenty-two miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in hemangiosarcoma samples (4 between hemangiosarcoma and both nodular hyperplasia and normal spleen and 18 between hemangiosarcoma and normal spleen only). In particular, mir-26a, mir-126, mir-139, mir-140, mir-150, mir-203, mir-424, mir-503, mir-505, mir-542, mir-30e, mir-33b, mir-365, mir-758, mir-22, and mir-452 are of interest in the pathogenesis of hemangiosarcoma. Conclusions Findings of this study confirm the hypothesis that miRNA expression profiles are different between canine splenic hemangiosarcoma, nodular hyperplasia, and normal spleens. A large portion of the differentially expressed miRNAs have roles in angiogenesis, with an additional group of miRNAs being dysregulated in vascular disease processes. Two other miRNAs have been implicated in cancer pathways such as PTEN and cell cycle checkpoints. The finding of multiple miRNAs with roles in angiogenesis and vascular disease is important, as hemangiosarcoma is a tumor of endothelial cells, which are driven by angiogenic stimuli. This study shows that miRNA dysregulation is a potential player in the pathogenesis of canine splenic hemangiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet A Grimes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA. .,Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- Genomics Services Laboratory, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Shawn Levy
- Genomics Services Laboratory, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Russell Cattley
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Stephanie Lindley
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Harry W Boothe
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Ralph A Henderson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Bruce F Smith
- Scott Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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170
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Araldi E, Suárez Y. MicroRNAs as regulators of endothelial cell functions in cardiometabolic diseases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1861:2094-2103. [PMID: 26825686 PMCID: PMC5039046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) provide nutrients and oxygen essential for tissue homeostasis. Metabolic imbalances and other environmental stimuli, like cytokines or low shear stress, trigger endothelial inflammation, increase permeability, compromise vascular tone, promote cell proliferation, and ultimately cause cell death. These factors contribute to EC dysfunction, which is crucial in the development of cardiometabolic diseases. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have important functions in the regulation of ECs. In the present review, we discuss the role of miRNAs in various aspects of EC pathology in cardiometabolic diseases like atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome, and in complication of those pathologies, like ischemia. We also discuss the potential therapeutic applications of miRNAs in promoting angiogenesis and neovascularization in tissues where the endothelium is damaged in different cardiometabolic diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MicroRNAs and lipid/energy metabolism and related diseases edited by Carlos Fernández-Hernando and Yajaira Suárez.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Araldi
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Section of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Section of Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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171
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Guo Y, Luo F, Liu Q, Xu D. Regulatory non-coding RNAs in acute myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:1013-1023. [PMID: 27878945 PMCID: PMC5387171 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases that leads to high mortality and morbidity globally. Various therapeutic targets for AMI have been investigated in recent years, including the non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs). NcRNAs, a class of RNA molecules that typically do not code proteins, are divided into several subgroups. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs) are widely studied for their modulation of several pathological aspects of AMI, including cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrosis. It has emerged that long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) also regulate these processes via interesting mechanisms. However, the regulatory functions of ncRNAs in AMI and their underlying functional mechanisms have not been systematically described. In this review, we summarize the recent findings involving ncRNA actions in AMI and briefly describe the novel mechanisms of these ncRNAs, highlighting their potential application as therapeutic targets in AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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172
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Xiao X, Tan J, Yuan W, Liu Y. MicroRNA-433 Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of HUVECs and Neurons by Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 61:135-143. [PMID: 27815672 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated an important role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction. In the present study, a down-regulation of microRNA-433 (miR-433) is identified in hypoxia-induced human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as in rat neurons, and is found to be negatively regulated cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, the expression of miR-433 is inversely correlated with the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), which has been shown to play critical role in responding to hypoxia conditions. Overexpression or knockdown of miR-433 responsively alters both mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1α and its downstream genes, vascular endothelial growth factor, Glut-1, and Angpt2. In a luciferase reporter system, miR-433 down-regulates the luciferase activity of HIF-1α 3'-UTR, and these effects are abolished by a mutation in the putative miR-433-binding site. Further investigation confirms that knockdown of HIF-1α blocked the stimulatory effect of anti-miR-433, while overexpression of HIF-1α reversed the inhibitory effects of pre-miR-433 on proliferation and migration of HUVEC and neurons. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-433 plays an important role in response to hypoxia, inhibiting HUVEC and neuron proliferation and migration by down-regulating HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Institute of neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong Univerisity Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta street, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Yuanxiao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Institute of neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong Univerisity Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta street, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Xinli Xiao
- Institute of neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong Univerisity Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta street, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Anesthesia, The first Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an North Hospital, Xi'an, 710043, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong Univerisity Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta street, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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173
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Greville G, McCann A, Rudd PM, Saldova R. Epigenetic regulation of glycosylation and the impact on chemo-resistance in breast and ovarian cancer. Epigenetics 2016; 11:845-857. [PMID: 27689695 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1241932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most fundamental posttranslational modifications in cellular biology and has been shown to be epigenetically regulated. Understanding this process is important as epigenetic therapies such as those using DNA methyltransferase inhibitors are undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of ovarian and breast cancer. Previous work has demonstrated that altered glycosylation patterns are associated with aggressive disease in women presenting with breast and ovarian cancer. Moreover, the tumor microenvironment of hypoxia results in globally altered DNA methylation and is associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes and chemo-resistance, a feature integral to many cancers. There is sparse knowledge on the impact of these therapies on glycosylation. Moreover, little is known about the efficacy of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in hypoxic tumors. In this review, we interrogate the impact that hypoxia and epigenetic regulation has on cancer cell glycosylation in relation to resultant tumor cell aggressiveness and chemo-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Greville
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- b UCD School of Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Science, University College Dublin , UCD, Belfield, Dublin , Ireland.,c UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin , UCD, Belfield, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Pauline M Rudd
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin , Ireland
| | - Radka Saldova
- a NIBRT GlycoScience Group , The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training , Mount Merrion, Blackrock, Dublin , Ireland
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174
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Altintas O, Ozgen Altintas M, Kumas M, Asil T. Neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning via modulating the expression of cerebral miRNAs against transient cerebral ischemia in diabetic rats. Neurol Res 2016; 38:1003-1011. [PMID: 27635859 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2016.1232013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the Ischemic preconditioning (IPreC) on the expression profile of cerebral miRNAs against stroke by induced transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in diabetic rats. METHODS Eighty male Spraque Dawley rats were allocated to eight groups. In order to evaluate the expression profile of miRNAs, we induced transient MCAo seven days after STZ-induced diabetes (DM). Also we performed IPreC 72 h before transient MCAo to assess whether IPreC could have a neuroprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. RESULTS The general characteristics of STZ-treated rats included reduced body weight and elevated blood glucose levels compared to non-diabetic ones. We demonstrated that miRNA expression profiles, which are determined for biological functions such as aquaporin 4 formation (miR-29b-2, miR-124a-3p, miR-130a, miR-223 and miR-320a), glutamate toxicity (miR107, miR-145, miR-223), salvageable ischemic area (miR-9a, miR-19b, miR-29b-2, miR-341, miR-339-5p, miR-15-5p, miR-99b-5p), and neoangiogenesis (let-7f-5p, miR-126a and miR-322-3p), were regulated following IPreC. Ischemic preconditioning before cerebral ischemia significantly reduced infarction size compared with the other groups [IPreC + MCAo (27 ± 11 mm3) vs. MCAo (109 ± 15 mm3) p < 0.001; DM + IPreC + MCAo (38 ± 9 mm3) vs. DM + MCAo (165 ± 41 mm3) p < 0.001, respectively]. DISCUSSION The study results revealed the neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning, supported with the upregulated pro-survival miRNAs in MCA infarcts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Altintas
- a Neurology Clinic , Bor State Hospital , Nigde , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozgen Altintas
- b Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering , Fatih University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Meltem Kumas
- c Vocational School of Health Services, Medical Laboratory Techniques , BezmiAlem Vakif University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Talip Asil
- d Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology , BezmiAlem Vakıf University , Istanbul , Turkey
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175
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miR-322/-503 cluster is expressed in the earliest cardiac progenitor cells and drives cardiomyocyte specification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:9551-6. [PMID: 27512039 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1608256113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of early cardiac fate determination may lead to better approaches in promoting heart regeneration. We used a mesoderm posterior 1 (Mesp1)-Cre/Rosa26-EYFP reporter system to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) enriched in early cardiac progenitor cells. Most of these miRNA genes bear MESP1-binding sites and active histone signatures. In a calcium transient-based screening assay, we identified miRNAs that may promote the cardiomyocyte program. An X-chromosome miRNA cluster, miR-322/-503, is the most enriched in the Mesp1 lineage and is the most potent in the screening assay. It is specifically expressed in the looping heart. Ectopic miR-322/-503 mimicking the endogenous temporal patterns specifically drives a cardiomyocyte program while inhibiting neural lineages, likely by targeting the RNA-binding protein CUG-binding protein Elav-like family member 1 (Celf1). Thus, early miRNAs in lineage-committed cells may play powerful roles in cell-fate determination by cross-suppressing other lineages. miRNAs identified in this study, especially miR-322/-503, are potent regulators of early cardiac fate.
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176
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Beltrán-Anaya FO, Cedro-Tanda A, Hidalgo-Miranda A, Romero-Cordoba SL. Insights into the Regulatory Role of Non-coding RNAs in Cancer Metabolism. Front Physiol 2016; 7:342. [PMID: 27551267 PMCID: PMC4976125 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a complex disease originated from alterations in several genes leading to disturbances in important signaling pathways in tumor biology, favoring heterogeneity that promotes adaptability and pharmacological resistance of tumor cells. Metabolic reprogramming has emerged as an important hallmark of cancer characterized by the presence of aerobic glycolysis, increased glutaminolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis, as well as an altered mitochondrial energy production. The metabolic switches that support energetic requirements of cancer cells are closely related to either activation of oncogenes or down-modulation of tumor-suppressor genes, finally leading to dysregulation of cell proliferation, metastasis and drug resistance signals. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as one important kind of molecules that can regulate altered genes contributing, to the establishment of metabolic reprogramming. Moreover, diverse metabolic signals can regulate ncRNA expression and activity at genetic, transcriptional, or epigenetic levels. The regulatory landscape of ncRNAs may provide a new approach for understanding and treatment of different types of malignancies. In this review we discuss the regulatory role exerted by ncRNAs on metabolic enzymes and pathways involved in glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. We also review how metabolic stress conditions and tumoral microenvironment influence ncRNA expression and activity. Furthermore, we comment on the therapeutic potential of metabolism-related ncRNAs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredy O Beltrán-Anaya
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Cedro-Tanda
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico City, Mexico
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Zhu S, He C, Deng S, Li X, Cui S, Zeng Z, Liu M, Zhao S, Chen J, Jin Y, Chen H, Deng S, Liu Y, Wang C, Zhao G. MiR-548an, Transcriptionally Downregulated by HIF1α/HDAC1, Suppresses Tumorigenesis of Pancreatic Cancer by Targeting Vimentin Expression. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2209-19. [PMID: 27353169 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic microenvironments contribute to the tumorigenesis of numerous cancers by regulating the expression of a subset of miRNAs called "hypoxiamiRs." However, the function and mechanism of these deregulated miRNAs in hypoxic microenvironments within pancreatic cancers remain undefined. This study demonstrates that miR-548an is significantly downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and correlates with increased tumor size, advanced TNM stage, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-548an significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo We further revealed that hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) induces the downregulation of miR-548an in pancreatic cancer cells during hypoxia. Our co-IP and ChIP assays revealed that HIF-1α and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) form a complex and bind to the hypoxia response elements (HRE) on the miR-548an promoter. In addition, inhibition of HDAC1 with trichostatin A antagonizes the suppression of miR-548 by hypoxia. Our dual luciferase assay validated that miR-548an directly binds to the 3' untranslated region of vimentin mRNA. The downregulation of vimentin suppresses the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo In addition, vimentin was inversely correlated with miR-548an expression in pancreatic cancer samples. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the HIF-1α-HDAC1 complex transcriptionally inhibits miR-548an expression during hypoxia, resulting in the upregulation of vimentin that facilitates the pancreatic tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2209-19. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chi He
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijiang Deng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shipeng Cui
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingliang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shufeng Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hengyu Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shichang Deng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyou Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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178
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Wang L, Lee AYW, Wigg JP, Peshavariya H, Liu P, Zhang H. miRNA involvement in angiogenesis in age-related macular degeneration. J Physiol Biochem 2016; 72:583-592. [PMID: 27349759 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Late-stage AMD is characterized by choroidal neovascularization (CNV). miR-93 appears to play a role in regulating vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), a known factor involved in neovascularization. Understanding its biological significance might enable development of therapeutic interventions for diseases like AMD. We aimed to determine the role of miR-93 in AMD using a laser-induced CNV mouse model. CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation in C57BL/6 mice. The CNV mice were transfected with scrambled miR or miR-93 mimic. The treatment effect was assessed by fundus photography and fluorescein angiography and confirmed by choroidal flatmount. The expression of miR-93 and VEGF-A in ocular tissues was analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot. The overexpression effects of miR-93 were also proved on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs). Significantly decreased expression of miR-93 was observed by qPCR analysis in CNV mice compared to untreated mice (p < 0.05). VEGF-A messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression were upregulated with CNV; these changes were ameliorated by restoration of miR-93 (p < 0.05). CNV was reduced after miR-93 transfection. Transfection of miR-93 reduced the proliferation of HMECs (p < 0.01), but no significant changes were observed in 2D capillary-like tube formation (p > 0.05) and migration (p > 0.05) compared with that in the untreated cells. miR-93 has been shown to be a negative modulator of angiogenesis in the eye. All together, these results highlight the therapeutic potential of miR-93 and suggest that it may contribute as a putative therapeutic target for AMD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Eye Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Amy Yi Wei Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Drug Delivery Unit, Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan P Wigg
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 32 Gisborne Street, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Hitesh Peshavariya
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 32 Gisborne Street, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Ping Liu
- Eye Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Eye Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, 32 Gisborne Street, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
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179
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Yang L, Song S, Lv H. MicroRNA-322 protects hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes via BDNF gene. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:2812-2819. [PMID: 27398164 PMCID: PMC4931175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiomyocytes apoptosis under hypoxia condition contributes significantly to various cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of microRNA-322 (miR-322) in regulating hypoxia-induced apoptosis in neonatal murine cardiomyocytes in vitro. METHOD Cardiomyocytes of C57BL/6J mice were treated with hypoxia condition in vitro. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Gene expression pattern of miR-322 was measured by qRT-PCR. Stable downregulation of miR-322 in cardiomyocytes were achieved by lentiviral transduction, and the effect of miR-322 downregulation on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis was investigated. Possible regulation of miR-322 on its downstream target gene, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was investigated in cardiomyocytes. BDNF was then genetically silenced by siRNA to evaluate its role in miR-137 mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis protection under hypoxia condition. RESULTS Under hypoxia condition, significant apoptosis was induced and miR-322 was significantly upregulated in cardiomyocytes in vitro. Through lentiviral transduction, miR-322 was efficiently knocked down in cardiomyocytes. Downregulation of miR-322 protected hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Luciferase assay showed BDNF was the target gene of miR-322. QRT-PCR showed BDNF expression was associated with miR-322 regulation on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Silencing BDNF in cardiomyocyte through siRNA transfection reversed the protective effect of miR-322 downregulation on hypoxia-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that miR-322, in association with BDNF, played important role in regulating hypoxia-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Yang
- Second Ward of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 157000, China
| | - Shigang Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 157000, China
| | - Hang Lv
- Second Ward of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 157000, China
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180
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Frediani JN, Fabbri M. Essential role of miRNAs in orchestrating the biology of the tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:42. [PMID: 27231010 PMCID: PMC4882787 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as central players in shaping the biology of the Tumor Microenvironment (TME). They do so both by modulating their expression levels within the different cells of the TME and by being shuttled among different cell populations within exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art knowledge of the role of miRNAs in the complexity of the TME and highlights limitations and challenges in the field. A better understanding of the mechanisms of action of these fascinating micro molecules will lead to the development of new therapeutic weapons and most importantly, to an improvement in the clinical outcome of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie N Frediani
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,, 4650 Sunset Blvd MS #57, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
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181
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miR-190 Enhances HIF-Dependent Responses to Hypoxia in Drosophila by Inhibiting the Prolyl-4-hydroxylase Fatiga. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006073. [PMID: 27223464 PMCID: PMC4880290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular and systemic responses to low oxygen levels are principally mediated by Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs), a family of evolutionary conserved heterodimeric transcription factors, whose alpha- and beta-subunits belong to the bHLH-PAS family. In normoxia, HIFα is hydroxylated by specific prolyl-4-hydroxylases, targeting it for proteasomal degradation, while in hypoxia the activity of these hydroxylases decreases due to low oxygen availability, leading to HIFα accumulation and expression of HIF target genes. To identify microRNAs required for maximal HIF activity, we conducted an overexpression screen in Drosophila melanogaster, evaluating the induction of a HIF transcriptional reporter. miR-190 overexpression enhanced HIF-dependent biological responses, including terminal sprouting of the tracheal system, while in miR-190 loss of function embryos the hypoxic response was impaired. In hypoxic conditions, miR-190 expression was upregulated and required for induction of HIF target genes by directly inhibiting the HIF prolyl-4-hydroxylase Fatiga. Thus, miR-190 is a novel regulator of the hypoxia response that represses the oxygen sensor Fatiga, leading to HIFα stabilization and enhancement of hypoxic responses.
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182
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Tomasetti M, Amati M, Santarelli L, Neuzil J. MicroRNA in Metabolic Re-Programming and Their Role in Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E754. [PMID: 27213336 PMCID: PMC4881575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of metabolic re-programing is linked to the activation of oncogenes and/or suppression of tumour suppressor genes, which are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). The interplay between oncogenic transformation-driven metabolic re-programming and modulation of aberrant miRNAs further established their critical role in the initiation, promotion and progression of cancer by creating a tumorigenesis-prone microenvironment, thus orchestrating processes of evasion to apoptosis, angiogenesis and invasion/migration, as well metastasis. Given the involvement of miRNAs in tumour development and their global deregulation, they may be perceived as biomarkers in cancer of therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tomasetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
| | - Monica Amati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60020, Italy.
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Cancer Research Group, School of Medical Science and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
- Molecular Therapy Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 25243, Czech Republic.
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183
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Circulating microRNAs predict future fatal myocardial infarction in healthy individuals - The HUNT study. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 97:162-8. [PMID: 27192016 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of death, and the number of individuals at risk is increasing. To better manage this pandemic, improved tool for risk prediction, including more accurate biomarkers are needed. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of circulating microRNAs (miRs) to predict future fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in healthy participants. We performed a prospective nested case-control study with 10-year observation period and fatal AMI as endpoint. In total, 179 miRs were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction in serum of 112 healthy participants (40-70years) that either (1) suffered from fatal AMI within 10years [n=56], or (2) remained healthy [n=56, risk factor-matched controls]. Candidate miRs were validated in a separate cohort of healthy individuals (n=100). Twelve miRs were differently expressed in cases and controls in the derivation cohort (p<0.05). Among these, 10 miRs differed significantly between cases and controls in the validation cohort (p<0.05). We identified gender dimorphisms, as miR-424-5p and miR-26a-5p were associated exclusively with risk in men and women, respectively. The best model for predicting future AMI consisted of miR-106a-5p, miR-424-5p, let-7g-5p, miR-144-3p and miR-660-5p, providing 77.6% correct classification for both genders, and 74.1% and 81.8% for men and women, respectively. Adding these 5 miRs to the Framingham Risk Score, increased the AUC from 0.72 to 0.91 (p<0.001). In conclusion, we identified several miRs associated with future AMI, revealed gender-specific associations, and proposed a panel of 5 miRs to enhance AMI risk prediction in healthy individuals.
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184
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Abstract
Activation of hypoxia pathways is both associated with and contributes to an aggressive phenotype across multiple types of solid cancers. The regulation of gene transcription by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a key element in this response. HIF directly upregulates the expression of many hundreds of protein-coding genes, which act to both improve oxygen delivery and to reduce oxygen demand. However, it is now becoming apparent that many classes of noncoding RNAs are also regulated by hypoxia, with several (e.g. micro RNAs, long noncoding RNAs and antisense RNAs) under direct transcriptional regulation by HIF. These hypoxia-regulated, noncoding RNAs may act as effectors of the indirect response to HIF by acting on specific coding transcripts or by affecting generic RNA-processing pathways. In addition, noncoding RNAs may also act as modulators of the HIF pathway, either by integrating other physiological responses or, in the case of HIF-regulated, noncoding RNAs, by providing negative or positive feedback and feedforward loops that affect upstream or downstream components of the HIF cascade. These hypoxia-regulated, noncoding transcripts play important roles in the aggressive hypoxic phenotype observed in cancer.
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185
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Zhai W, Sun Y, Jiang M, Wang M, Gasiewicz TA, Zheng J, Chang C. Differential regulation of LncRNA-SARCC suppresses VHL-mutant RCC cell proliferation yet promotes VHL-normal RCC cell proliferation via modulating androgen receptor/HIF-2α/C-MYC axis under hypoxia. Oncogene 2016; 35:4866-80. [PMID: 26973243 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that hypoxia contributes to tumor progression in a hypoxia inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α)-dependent manner in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), yet the role of long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) involved in hypoxia-mediated RCC progression remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that LncRNA-SARCC (Suppressing Androgen Receptor in Renal Cell Carcinoma) is differentially regulated by hypoxia in a von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-dependent manner both in RCC cell culture and clinical specimens. LncRNA-SARCC can suppress hypoxic cell cycle progression in the VHL-mutant RCC cells while derepress it in the VHL-restored RCC cells. Mechanism dissection reveals that LncRNA-SARCC can post-transcriptionally regulate androgen receptor (AR) by physically binding and destablizing AR protein to suppress AR/HIF-2α/C-MYC signals. In return, HIF-2α can transcriptionally regulate the LncRNA-SARCC expression via binding to hypoxia-responsive elements on the promoter of LncRNA-SARCC. The negative feedback modulation between LncRNA-SARCC/AR complex and HIF-2α signaling may then lead to differentially modulated RCC progression in a VHL-dependent manner. Together, these results may provide us a new therapeutic approach via targeting this newly identified signal from LncRNA-SARCC to AR-mediated HIF-2α/C-MYC signals against RCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhai
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and the Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Y Sun
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and the Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M Jiang
- Lab of Nuclear Receptors and Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - M Wang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and the Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - T A Gasiewicz
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Chang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Radiation Oncology and the Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University/Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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186
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Nassirpour R, Raj D, Townsend R, Argyropoulos C. MicroRNA biomarkers in clinical renal disease: from diabetic nephropathy renal transplantation and beyond. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 98:73-88. [PMID: 26925770 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a common health problem affecting 1 in 12 Americans. It is associated with elevated risks of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and high costs for the treatment of renal failure with dialysis or transplantation. Advances in CKD care are impeded by the lack of biomarkers for early diagnosis, assessment of the extent of tissue injury, estimation of disease progression, and evaluation of response to therapy. Such biomarkers should improve the performance of existing measures of renal functional impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR) or kidney damage (proteinuria). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) a class of small, non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional repressors are gaining momentum as biomarkers in a number of disease areas. In this review, we examine the potential utility of miRNAs as promising biomarkers for renal disease. We explore the performance of miRNAs as biomarkers in two clinically important forms of CKD, diabetes and the nephropathy developing in kidney transplant recipients. Finally, we highlight the pitfalls and opportunities of miRNAs and provide a broad perspective for the future clinical development of miRNAs as biomarkers in CKD beyond the current gold standards of eGFR and albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rounak Nassirpour
- Drug Safety, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Dominic Raj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Renal Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raymond Townsend
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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187
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MicroRNA-101 targets von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL) to induce HIF1α mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in normoxia condition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20489. [PMID: 26841847 PMCID: PMC4740907 DOI: 10.1038/srep20489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation/inactivation of HIF1α is precisely regulated in an oxygen-dependent manner. HIF1α is essential for hypoxia induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Several recent studies indicated that the expression of miRNAs can be modulated by hypoxia. However, the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of HIF1α induction remains elusive. In present study, we demonstrated that miR-101 was rapidly and transiently induced after hypoxia in breast cancer cells. Over-expression of miR-101 significantly inhibited cell proliferation in breast cancer cells through increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in normoxia condition. This inhibitory phenomenon seems due to miR-101-mediated induction of HIF1α, because we identified that VHL, a negative regulator of HIF1α, is a novel target of miR-101 and over-expression of miR-101 decreased VHL levels and subsequently stabilized HIF1α and induced its downstream target VEGFA. Furthermore, we demonstrated that siRNA-mediated knockdown of VHL or HIF1α overexpression could also induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest whereas enforced expression of VHL, administration of anti-miR-101 oligos or treatment of 2-MeOE2, an inhibitor of HIF1α, could rescue cells from such inhibition. These results reveal a novel regulatory mechanism of HIF1α induction in normoxia and suggest that miR-101 mediated proliferation inhibition may through HIF1α mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Abstract
Recent investigations have highlighted the importance of the non-coding genome in regions of hypoxia in tumours. Such regions are frequently found in solid tumours, and are associated with worse patient survival and therapy resistance. Hypoxia stabilises the transcription factors, hypoxia inducible factors (HIF1α and HIF2α) which coordinate transcriptomic changes that occur in hypoxia. The changes in gene expression induced by HIF1α and HIF2α contribute to many of the hallmarks of cancer phenotypes and enable tumour growth, survival and invasion in the hypoxic tumour microenvironment. Non-coding RNAs, in particular microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate mRNA stability and translation, and long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have diverse functions including chromatin modification and transcriptional regulation, are also important in enabling the key hypoxia regulated processes. They have roles in the regulation of metabolism, angiogenesis, autophagy, invasion and metastasis in the hypoxic microenvironment. Furthermore, HIF1α and HIF2α expression and stabilisation are also regulated by both miRNAs and lncRNAs. Here we review the recent developments in the expression, regulation and functions of miRNAs, lncRNAs and other non-coding RNA classes in tumour hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Alan McIntyre
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, QMC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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189
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Peng Y, Croce CM. The role of MicroRNAs in human cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2016; 1:15004. [PMID: 29263891 PMCID: PMC5661652 DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2015.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1483] [Impact Index Per Article: 185.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small non-coding RNAs that function in regulation of gene expression. Compelling evidences have demonstrated that miRNA expression is dysregulated in human cancer through various mechanisms, including amplification or deletion of miRNA genes, abnormal transcriptional control of miRNAs, dysregulated epigenetic changes and defects in the miRNA biogenesis machinery. MiRNAs may function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors under certain conditions. The dysregulated miRNAs have been shown to affect the hallmarks of cancer, including sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, activating invasion and metastasis, and inducing angiogenesis. An increasing number of studies have identified miRNAs as potential biomarkers for human cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targets or tools, which needs further investigation and validation. In this review, we focus on how miRNAs regulate the development of human tumors by acting as tumor suppressors or oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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190
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Shirzad R, Shahrabi S, Ahmadzadeh A, Kampen KR, Shahjahani M, Saki N. Signaling and molecular basis of bone marrow niche angiogenesis in leukemia. Clin Transl Oncol 2016; 18:957-71. [PMID: 26742939 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the process of blood vessel formation, is necessary for tissue survival in normal and pathologic conditions. Increased angiogenesis in BM niche is correlated with leukemia progression and resistance to treatment. Angiogenesis can interfere with disease progression and several angiogenic (such as vascular growth factors) as well as anti-angiogenic factors (i.e. angiostatin) can affect angiogenesis. Furthermore, miRs can affect the angiogenic process by inhibiting angiogenesis or increasing the expression of growth factors. Given the importance of angiogenesis in BM for maintenance of leukemic clones, recognition of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors and miRs as well as drug resistance mechanisms of leukemic blasts can improve the therapeutic strategies. We highlight the changes in angiogenic balance within the BM niche in different leukemia types. Moreover, we explored the pathways leading to drug resistance in relation to angiogenesis and attempted to assign interesting candidates for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shirzad
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - S Shahrabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - A Ahmadzadeh
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - K R Kampen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Shahjahani
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - N Saki
- Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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191
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Arora A, Singh S, Bhatt AN, Pandey S, Sandhir R, Dwarakanath BS. Interplay Between Metabolism and Oncogenic Process: Role of microRNAs. TRANSLATIONAL ONCOGENOMICS 2015; 7:11-27. [PMID: 26740741 PMCID: PMC4696840 DOI: 10.4137/tog.s29652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease that arises from the alterations in the composition and regulation of several genes leading to the disturbances in signaling pathways, resulting in the dysregulation of cell proliferation and death as well as the ability of transformed cells to invade the host tissue and metastasize. It is increasingly becoming clear that metabolic reprograming plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Therefore, targeting this phenotype is considered as a promising approach for the development of therapeutics and adjuvants. The process of metabolic reprograming is linked to the activation of oncogenes and/or suppression of tumor suppressor genes, which are further regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) that play important roles in the interplay between oncogenic process and metabolic reprograming. Looking at the advances made in the recent past, it appears that the translation of knowledge from research in the areas of metabolism, miRNA, and therapeutic response will lead to paradigm shift in the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Arora
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.; Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Pandey
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.; Dr B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bilikere S Dwarakanath
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.; Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India
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192
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Micro-Ribonucleic Acid Profiles From Microarray in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Arch Rheumatol 2015; 31:121-126. [PMID: 29900950 DOI: 10.5606/archrheumatol.2016.5733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to detect candidate micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) from microarray within peripheral blood mononuclear cells and synovial fluid mononuclear cells in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Patients and methods Samples from three AS patients (3 males, mean age 37.3±2.5 years; range 35 to 40 years) and three healthy controls (3 males, mean age 39.0±2.6 years; range 37 to 42 years) were obtained for miRNA microarray. The microarray experiment proceeded only when the quality of total RNAs were considered to have "passed", and their integrity was good by total RNA quality control using Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100. Hierarchical clustering was performed to understand the impact of the storage condition on the miRNA expression profiles. MiScript primer assays were used for semiquantitative determination of the expression of human miRNAs to validate results from miRNA microarray. Results A total of 887 miRNAs were screened by microarray among groups. After normalization of the raw data, we noted that the expression of five miRNAs was significantly lower (fold change ≤0.5 and p≤0.05) and only hsa-miR-424-5p was significantly higher in AS peripheral blood mononuclear cell (fold change ≥2 and p≤0.05). In AS synovial fluid mononuclear cells, we identified that expressions of 16 miRNAs were significantly down regulated whereas only hsa-miR-424-5p was significantly upregulated (fold change ≥2 and p≤0.05). All above-mentioned miRNAs were reevaluated for further validation. Finally, significantly increased hsa-miR-424-5p and decreased hsa-miR-377 were found in synovial fluid mononuclear cells from AS patients compared with healthy controls. Based on target prediction programs and published papers, potential target genes and its pathways were screened. Conclusion miR-424-5p was increased and miR-377 was decreased in synovial fluid mononuclear cells from patients with AS. These two miRs might have functional roles in patients with arthritis via different pathways.
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193
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Zhao C, Popel AS. Computational Model of MicroRNA Control of HIF-VEGF Pathway: Insights into the Pathophysiology of Ischemic Vascular Disease and Cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004612. [PMID: 26588727 PMCID: PMC4654485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
HRMs (hypoxia-responsive miRNAs) are a specific group of microRNAs that are regulated by hypoxia. Recent studies revealed that several HRMs including let-7 family miRNAs were highly induced in response to HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) stabilization in hypoxia, and they potently participated in angiogenesis by targeting AGO1 (argonaute 1) and upregulating VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Here we constructed a novel computational model of microRNA control of HIF-VEGF pathway in endothelial cells to quantitatively investigate the role of HRMs in modulating the cellular adaptation to hypoxia. The model parameters were optimized and the simulations based on these parameters were validated against several published in vitro experimental data. To advance the mechanistic understanding of oxygen sensing in hypoxia, we demonstrated that the rate of HIF-1α nuclear import substantially influences its stabilization and the formation of HIF-1 transcription factor complex. We described the biological feedback loops involving let-7 and AGO1 in which the impact of external perturbations were minimized; as a pair of master regulators when low oxygen tension was sensed, they coordinated the critical process of VEGF desuppression in a controlled manner. Prompted by the model-motivated discoveries, we proposed and assessed novel pathway-specific therapeutics that modulate angiogenesis by adjusting VEGF synthesis in tumor and ischemic cardiovascular disease. Through simulations that capture the complex interactions between miRNAs and miRNA-processing molecules, this model explores an innovative perspective about the distinctive yet integrated roles of different miRNAs in angiogenesis, and it will help future research to elucidate the dysregulated miRNA profiles found in cancer and various cardiovascular diseases. Cells living in a hypoxic environment secrete signals to stimulate new blood vessel growth, a process termed angiogenesis, to acquire more oxygen and nutrients. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) accumulates in hypoxia and expedites the release of pro-angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a prime inducer of angiogenesis. The intermediate signaling events connecting HIF-1 and VEGF are tightly controlled by microRNAs (miRs), which are endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules and powerful regulators in cancer and cardiovascular disease. Given the importance of angiogenesis in tumor development and post-ischemia reperfusion, it holds great basic research and therapeutic value to investigate how miRs modulate intracellular VEGF synthesis to control angiogenesis in hypoxia. We present a computational model that details the interactions between miRs and other key molecules which make up different hierarchies in HIF-miR-VEGF pathway. Based on simulation analysis, new potential therapies are introduced and tested in silico, from which the strategies that most effectively reduce VEGF synthesis in cancer, or enhance VEGF release in ischemic vascular disease are identified. We conclude that in hypoxia different miRs work consonantly to fine-tune the cellular adaptations; when a master miR alters its expression, dynamics of other miRs vary accordingly which together contribute to aberrant RNA/protein profiles observed in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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194
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Altara R, Manca M, Sabra R, Eid AA, Booz GW, Zouein FA. Temporal cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction: dynamics and prognostic implications in personalized medicine. Heart Fail Rev 2015; 21:25-47. [PMID: 26498937 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-015-9513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite dramatic improvements in short-term mortality rates following myocardial infarction (MI), long-term survival for MI patients who progress to heart failure remains poor. MI occurs when the left ventricle (LV) is deprived of oxygen for a sufficient period of time to induce irreversible necrosis of the myocardium. The LV response to MI involves significant tissue, cellular, and molecular level modifications, as well as substantial hemodynamic changes that feedback negatively to amplify the response. Inflammation to remove necrotic myocytes and fibroblast activation to form a scar are key wound healing responses that are highly variable across individuals. Few biomarkers of early remodeling stages are currently clinically adopted. The discovery of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and associated novel biomarkers has the potential of improving prognostic capability and therapeutic monitoring. Combining these biomarkers with other prominent ones could constitute a powerful diagnostic and prognostic tool that directly reflects the pathophysiological remodeling of the LV. Understanding temporal remodeling at the tissue, cellular, and molecular level and its link to a well-defined set of biomarkers at early stages post-MI is a prerequisite for improving personalized care and devising more successful therapeutic interventions. Here we summarize the integral mechanisms that occur during early cardiac remodeling in the post-MI setting and highlight the most prominent biomarkers for assessing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Altara
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Marco Manca
- DG-DI, Medical Applications, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ramzi Sabra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assaad A Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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195
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AngiomiRs: Potential Biomarkers of Pregnancy's Vascular Pathologies. J Pregnancy 2015; 2015:320386. [PMID: 26550492 PMCID: PMC4621355 DOI: 10.1155/2015/320386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been the focus of research for their role in posttranscriptional regulation and as potential biomarkers of risk for disease development. Their identification in specific physiological processes, like angiogenesis, a key pathway in placental vascular development in pregnancy, suggests an important role of miRNAs that regulate angiogenesis (angiomiRs). Many complications of pregnancy have in common placental vascular alterations, involving an imbalance in the angiogenesis process in the development of conditions such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and gestational diabetes, complications with the highest rates of morbimortality in pregnancy. Many studies have identified angiomiRs with differential expression profiles in each of these diseases; however, this evidence requires further studies focused on evaluating their potential as biomarkers of risk for the angiomiRs detected, to establish correlations between placental tissue and serum/plasma expression profiles. Therefore, the objective of this review is to highlight the best angiomiRs detected in placental tissue and serum/plasma in each of these three pathologies to show the current data available for potential biomarkers and to propose future research strategies on this topic.
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196
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Feng J, Huang T, Huang Q, Chen H, Li Y, He W, Wang GB, Zhang L, Xia J, Zhang N, Liu Y. Pro‑angiogenic microRNA‑296 upregulates vascular endothelial growth factor and downregulates Notch1 following cerebral ischemic injury. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:8141-7. [PMID: 26500043 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the association between microRNA (miR)‑296 and angiogenesis following cerebral ischemic injury, and the underlying mechanisms. A cerebral ischemic model was established in rats via right middle cerebral artery occlusion. The animals were randomly divided into four groups (baseline, 1 day, 3 day and 7 day). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses were performed to examine the expression levels of miR‑296 and hepatocyte growth factor‑regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HGS), respectively. Angiogenesis was assessed by examining microvessel density. The results demonstrated that miR‑296 and angiogenesis were significantly upregulated, while HGS was significantly downregulated following ischemic injury. Adenovirus‑mediated overexpression of miR‑296 markedly enhanced the formation of capillary‑like structures in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, parallel with significantly increased expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2, and reduced expression levels of DLL4 and Notch1. The results of the present study provided in vivo and in vitro evidence suggesting that miR‑296 promotes angiogenesis in the ischemic brain through upregulating VEGF and downregulating Notch1 following cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Tianxiang Huang
- Institute of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qing Huang
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hua Chen
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Bin Wang
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xia
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yunhai Liu
- Institute of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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197
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Wu CT, Lin WY, Chang YH, Lin PY, Chen WC, Chen MF. DNMT1-dependent suppression of microRNA424 regulates tumor progression in human bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2015; 6:24119-31. [PMID: 26090723 PMCID: PMC4695174 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the role of miRNAs regulation by DNMT1 and its underlying mechanisms in bladder cancer. The choice of target miRNAs was based on the analysis of a TaqMan MicroRNA Panel assay. The role of target miRNA in tumor behavior and the related signaling pathways were assessed using the human bladder cancer cell lines. We also evaluated the predictive power of the target miRNA and its link to DNMT1 from 124 clinical bladder cancer specimens. Our results revealed that the miR-424 level is significantly increased when blocking DNMT1 in bladder cancer cells. From the clinical specimen analysis, the staining of miR-424 was inversely correlated with DNMT1 immunoreactivity. The lack of miR-424 expression was significantly linked to aggressive tumor growth, advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis in bladder cancer. Increased miR-424 suppressed the tumor growth rate and invasion ability determined in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the EGFR pathway plays a role in the transmission of the miR-424 signal that regulates cell growth and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These results highlight a potential role for miR-424 as a molecular predictor and therapeutic target in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Te Wu
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Puzi City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsu Chang
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Paul-Yang Lin
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Puzi City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Puzi City, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Fen Chen
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Puzi City, Taiwan
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198
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Wang Y, Liu X, Zhang H, Sun L, Zhou Y, Jin H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Liu J, Guo H, Nie Y, Wu K, Fan D, Zhang H, Liu L. Hypoxia-inducible lncRNA-AK058003 promotes gastric cancer metastasis by targeting γ-synuclein. Neoplasia 2015; 16:1094-106. [PMID: 25499222 PMCID: PMC4309257 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia has been implicated as a crucial microenvironmental factor that induces cancer metastasis. We previously reported that hypoxia could promote gastric cancer (GC) metastasis, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently emerged as important regulators of carcinogenesis that act on multiple pathways. However, whether lncRNAs are involved in hypoxia-induced GC metastasis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the differentially expressed lncRNAs resulting from hypoxia-induced GC and normoxia conditions using microarrays and validated our results through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We found an lncRNA, AK058003, that is upregulated by hypoxia. AK058003 is frequently upregulated in GC samples and promotes GC migration and invasion in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, AK058003 can mediate the metastasis of hypoxia-induced GC cells. Next, we identified γ-synuclein (SNCG), which is a metastasis-related gene regulated by AK058003. In addition, we found that the expression of SNCG is positively correlated with that of AK058003 in the clinical GC samples used in our study. Furthermore, we found that the SNCG gene CpG island methylation was significantly increased in GC cells depleted of AK058003. Intriguingly, SNCG expression is also increased by hypoxia, and SNCG upregulation by AK058003 mediates hypoxia-induced GC cell metastasis. These results advance our understanding of the role of lncRNA-AK058003 as a regulator of hypoxia signaling, and this newly identified hypoxia/lncRNA-AK058003/SNCG pathway may help in the development of new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Xiangqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Yongan Zhou
- Department of thoracic surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Haifeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032,China
| | - Helong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China.
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China.
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199
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Blick C, Ramachandran A, McCormick R, Wigfield S, Cranston D, Catto J, Harris AL. Identification of a hypoxia-regulated miRNA signature in bladder cancer and a role for miR-145 in hypoxia-dependent apoptosis. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:634-44. [PMID: 26196183 PMCID: PMC4647685 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia leads to the stabilisation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factor that drives the expression of target genes including microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs are known to regulate many genes involved in tumourigenesis. The aim of this study was to identify hypoxia-regulated miRNAs (HRMs) in bladder cancer and investigate their functional significance. METHODS Bladder cancer cell lines were exposed to normoxic and hypoxic conditions and interrogated for the expression of 384 miRNAs by qPCR. Functional studies were carried out using siRNA-mediated gene knockdown and chromatin immunoprecipitations. Apoptosis was quantified by annexin V staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS The HRM signature for NMI bladder cancer lines includes miR-210, miR-193b, miR-145, miR-125-3p, miR-708 and miR-517a. The most hypoxia-upregulated miRNA was miR-145. The miR-145 was a direct target of HIF-1α and two hypoxia response elements were identified within the promoter region of the gene. Finally, the hypoxic upregulation of miR-145 contributed to increased apoptosis in RT4 cells. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the hypoxic regulation of a number of miRNAs in bladder cancer. We have shown that miR-145 is a novel, robust and direct HIF target gene that in turn leads to increased cell death in NMI bladder cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Blick
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - A Ramachandran
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - R McCormick
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - S Wigfield
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - D Cranston
- Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - J Catto
- The Academic Department of Urology and Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - A L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
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Li Y, Zhang D, Wang X, Yao X, Ye C, Zhang S, Wang H, Chang C, Xia H, Wang YC, Fang J, Yan J, Ying H. Hypoxia-inducible miR-182 enhances HIF1α signaling via targeting PHD2 and FIH1 in prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26205124 PMCID: PMC4513346 DOI: 10.1038/srep12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) controls the transcription of genes governing angiogenesis under hypoxic condition during tumorigenesis. Here we show that hypoxia-responsive miR-182 is regulated by HIF1α at transcriptional level. Prolyl hydroxylase domain enzymes (PHD) and factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH1), negative regulators of HIF1 signaling, are direct targets of miR-182. Overexpression of miR-182 in prostate cancer cells led to a reduction of PHD2 and FIH1 expression and an increase in HIF1α level either under normoxic or hypoxic condition. Consistently, inhibition of miR-182 could increase PHD2 and FIH1 levels, thereby reducing the hypoxia-induced HIF1α expression. Matrigel plug assay showed that angiogenesis was increased by miR-182 overexpression, and vice versa. miR-182 overexpression in PC-3 prostate cancer xenografts decreased PHD2 and FIH1 expression, elevated HIF1α protein levels, and increased tumor size. Lastly, we revealed that the levels of both miR-182 and HIF1α were elevated, while the expression PHD2 and FIH1 was downregulated in a mouse model of prostate cancer. Together, our results suggest that the interplay between miR-182 and HIF1α could result in a sustained activation of HIF1α pathway, which might facilitate tumor cell adaption to hypoxic stress during prostate tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cunjie Chang
- Model Animal Research Center, and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Hongfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China.,Clinical Research Center of Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Model Animal Research Center, and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Clinical Research Center of Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
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