151
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D'Huyvetter M, De Vos J, Xavier C, Pruszynski M, Sterckx YGJ, Massa S, Raes G, Caveliers V, Zalutsky MR, Lahoutte T, Devoogdt N. 131I-labeled Anti-HER2 Camelid sdAb as a Theranostic Tool in Cancer Treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6616-6628. [PMID: 28751451 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Camelid single-domain antibody-fragments (sdAb) have beneficial pharmacokinetic properties, and those targeted to HER2 can be used for imaging of HER2-overexpressing cancer. Labeled with a therapeutic radionuclide, they may be used for HER2-targeted therapy. Here, we describe the generation of a 131I-labeled sdAb as a theranostic drug to treat HER2-overexpressing cancer.Experimental Design: Anti-HER2 sdAb 2Rs15d was labeled with 131I using [131I]SGMIB and evaluated in vitro Biodistribution was evaluated in two HER2+ murine xenograft models by micro-SPECT/CT imaging and at necropsy, and under challenge with trastuzumab and pertuzumab. The therapeutic potential of [131I]SGMIB-2Rs15d was investigated in two HER2+ tumor mouse models. A single-dose toxicity study was performed in mice using unlabeled [127I]SGMIB-sdAb at 1.4 mg/kg. The structure of the 2Rs15d-HER2 complex was determined by X-ray crystallography.Results: [131I]SGMIB-2Rs15d bound specifically to HER2+ cells (Kd = 4.74 ± 0.39 nmol/L). High and specific tumor uptake was observed in both BT474/M1 and SKOV-3 tumor xenografted mice and surpassed kidney levels by 3 hours. Extremely low uptake values were observed in other normal tissues at all time points. The crystal structure revealed that 2Rs15d recognizes HER2 Domain 1, consistent with the lack of competition with trastuzumab and pertuzumab observed in vivo [131I]SGMIB-2Rs15d alone, or in combination with trastuzumab, extended median survival significantly. No toxicity was observed after injecting [127I]SGMIB-2Rs15d.Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the theranostic potential of [131I]SGMIB-2Rs15d. An initial scan using low radioactive [*I]SGMIB-2Rs15d allows patient selection and dosimetry calculations for subsequent therapeutic [131I]SGMIB-2Rs15d and could thereby impact therapy outcome on HER2+ breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res; 23(21); 6616-28. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias D'Huyvetter
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Jens De Vos
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Camel-IDS NV/SA, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catarina Xavier
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Yann G J Sterckx
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sam Massa
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Gent, Belgium
| | - Geert Raes
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Gent, Belgium
| | - Vicky Caveliers
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Nuclear Medicine Department, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tony Lahoutte
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Nuclear Medicine Department, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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152
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Li WQ, Wang Z, Hao S, He H, Wan Y, Zhu C, Sun LP, Cheng G, Zheng SY. Mitochondria-Targeting Polydopamine Nanoparticles To Deliver Doxorubicin for Overcoming Drug Resistance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16793-16802. [PMID: 28481505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in diverse cellular processes, such as energy production and apoptosis regulation. The mitochondria-targeted drug delivery is becoming a potential novel strategy for overcoming drug resistance in cancer therapy. Herein, we synthesize nature-inspired dopamine-derived polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles. Using triphenylphosphonium (TPP) as the mitochondrial penetration molecule to improve the target efficiency, we synthesize poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-modified PDA (PDA-PEG) and TPP-functionalized PEG-modified PDA (PDA-PEG-TPP) nanoparticles. Then anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded on PDA-PEG and PDA-PEG-TPP (PDA-PEG-DOX and PDA-PEG-TPP-DOX) nanoparticles, which are apt to deliver DOX to cell nuclei and mitochondria, respectively. To mimic the repeated anticancer drug treatment in clinical cases, we repeatedly treated the MDA-MD-231 cancer cells for a long time using DOX-loaded nanoparticles and find that the mitochondria targeting PDA-PEG-TPP-DOX has higher potential to overcome the drug resistance than the regular delivery nanoparticles PDA-PEG-DOX. These results indicate the promising potential of applying PDA-PEG-TPP-DOX nanoparticles in mitochondria-targeted drug delivery to overcome the drug resistance in long-time anticancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Sijie Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Hongzhang He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yuan Wan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Chuandong Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Si-Yang Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Material Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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153
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Masoud V, Pagès G. Targeted therapies in breast cancer: New challenges to fight against resistance. World J Clin Oncol 2017; 8:120-134. [PMID: 28439493 PMCID: PMC5385433 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v8.i2.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer found in women and today represents a significant challenge to public health. With the latest breakthroughs in molecular biology and immunotherapy, very specific targeted therapies have been tailored to the specific pathophysiology of different types of breast cancers. These recent developments have contributed to a more efficient and specific treatment protocol in breast cancer patients. However, the main challenge to be further investigated still remains the emergence of therapeutic resistance mechanisms, which develop soon after the onset of therapy and need urgent attention and further elucidation. What are the recent emerging molecular resistance mechanisms in breast cancer targeted therapy and what are the best strategies to apply in order to circumvent this important obstacle? The main scope of this review is to provide a thorough update of recent developments in the field and discuss future prospects for preventing resistance mechanisms in the quest to increase overall survival of patients suffering from the disease.
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154
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Zhang L, Huang Y, Zhuo W, Zhu Y, Zhu B, Chen Z. Identification and characterization of biomarkers and their functions for Lapatinib-resistant breast cancer. Med Oncol 2017; 34:89. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-0953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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155
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Azad AKM, Lawen A, Keith JM. Bayesian model of signal rewiring reveals mechanisms of gene dysregulation in acquired drug resistance in breast cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173331. [PMID: 28288164 PMCID: PMC5348014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecule inhibitors, such as lapatinib, are effective against breast cancer in clinical trials, but tumor cells ultimately acquire resistance to the drug. Maintaining sensitization to drug action is essential for durable growth inhibition. Recently, adaptive reprogramming of signaling circuitry has been identified as a major cause of acquired resistance. We developed a computational framework using a Bayesian statistical approach to model signal rewiring in acquired resistance. We used the p1-model to infer potential aberrant gene-pairs with differential posterior probabilities of appearing in resistant-vs-parental networks. Results were obtained using matched gene expression profiles under resistant and parental conditions. Using two lapatinib-treated ErbB2-positive breast cancer cell-lines: SKBR3 and BT474, our method identified similar dysregulated signaling pathways including EGFR-related pathways as well as other receptor-related pathways, many of which were reported previously as compensatory pathways of EGFR-inhibition via signaling cross-talk. A manual literature survey provided strong evidence that aberrant signaling activities in dysregulated pathways are closely related to acquired resistance in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Our approach predicted literature-supported dysregulated pathways complementary to both node-centric (SPIA, DAVID, and GATHER) and edge-centric (ESEA and PAGI) methods. Moreover, by proposing a novel pattern of aberrant signaling called V-structures, we observed that genes were dysregulated in resistant-vs-sensitive conditions when they were involved in the switch of dependencies from targeted to bypass signaling events. A literature survey of some important V-structures suggested they play a role in breast cancer metastasis and/or acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs, where the mRNA changes of TGFBR2, LEF1 and TP53 in resistant-vs-sensitive conditions were related to the dependency switch from targeted to bypass signaling links. Our results suggest many signaling pathway structures are compromised in acquired resistance, and V-structures of aberrant signaling within/among those pathways may provide further insights into the bypass mechanism of targeted inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. M. Azad
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Alfons Lawen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Keith
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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156
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Wang YW, Zhang HY, Li JS, Wang XW. Integrated Exploitation of the Structural Diversity Space of Chemotherapy Drugs to Selectively Inhibit HER2 T798M Mutant in Lung Cancer. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 27696725 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Wang
- Department of Chemotherapy; Cancer Center; Qilu Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery; Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University; Jinan 250021 P. R. China
| | - Ji-Sheng Li
- Department of Chemotherapy; Cancer Center; Qilu Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Wen Wang
- Department of Chemotherapy; Cancer Center; Qilu Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 P. R. China
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157
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Buzatto IPC, Ribeiro-Silva A, Andrade JM, Carrara HHA, Silveira WA, Tiezzi DG. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer: pathologic complete response rate, predictive and prognostic factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e5674. [PMID: 28146217 PMCID: PMC5304215 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate from patients (n=86) with stage II and III HER2-positive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our institution from 2008 to 2013 and to determine possible predictive and prognostic factors. Immunohistochemistry for hormone receptors and Ki-67 was carried out. Clinical and pathological features were analyzed as predictive factors of response to therapy. For survival analysis, we used Kaplan-Meier curves to estimate 5-year survival rates and the log-rank test to compare the curves. The addition of trastuzumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved pCR rate from 4.8 to 46.8%, regardless of the number of preoperative trastuzumab cycles (P=0.0012). Stage II patients achieved a higher response rate compared to stage III (P=0.03). The disease-free and overall survivals were not significantly different between the group of patients that received trastuzumab in the neoadjuvant setting (56.3 and 70% at 5 years, respectively) and the group that initiated it post-operatively (75.8 and 88.7% at 5 years, respectively). Axillary pCR post neoadjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab was associated with reduced risk of recurrence (HR=0.34; P=0.03) and death (HR=0.21; P=0.02). In conclusion, we confirmed that trastuzumab improves pCR rates and verified that this improvement occurs even with less than four cycles of the drug. Hormone receptors and Ki-67 expressions were not predictive of response in this subset of patients. Axillary pCR clearly denotes prognosis after neoadjuvant target therapy and should be considered to be a marker of resistance, providing an opportunity to investigate new strategies for HER2-positive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P C Buzatto
- Setor de Mastologia, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - A Ribeiro-Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - J M Andrade
- Setor de Mastologia, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - H H A Carrara
- Setor de Mastologia, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - W A Silveira
- Setor de Mastologia, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - D G Tiezzi
- Setor de Mastologia, Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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158
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Tormo E, Adam-Artigues A, Ballester S, Pineda B, Zazo S, González-Alonso P, Albanell J, Rovira A, Rojo F, Lluch A, Eroles P. The role of miR-26a and miR-30b in HER2+ breast cancer trastuzumab resistance and regulation of the CCNE2 gene. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41309. [PMID: 28120942 PMCID: PMC5264595 DOI: 10.1038/srep41309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A subset of HER2+ breast cancer patients manifest clinical resistance to trastuzumab. Recently, miR-26a and miR-30b have been identified as trastuzumab response regulators, and their target gene CCNE2 seems to play an important role in resistance to trastuzumab therapy. Cell viability was evaluated in trastuzumab treated HER2+ BT474 wt (sensitive), BT474r (acquired resistance), HCC1954 (innate resistance), and MDA-MB-231 (HER2−) cell lines, and the expression of miR-26a, miR-30b, and their target genes was measured. BT474 wt cell viability decreased by 60% and miR-26a and miR-30b were significantly overexpressed (~3-fold, p = 0.003 and p = 0.002, respectively) after trastuzumab treatment, but no differences were observed in resistant and control cell lines. Overexpression of miR-30b sensitized BT474r cells to trastuzumab (p = 0.01) and CCNE2, was significantly overexpressed after trastuzumab treatment in BT474r cells (p = 0.032), but no significant changes were observed in sensitive cell line. When CCNE2 was silenced BT474r cell sensitivity to trastuzumab increased (p = 0.03). Thus, the molecular mechanism of trastuzumab action in BT474 cell line may be regulated by miR-26a and miR-30b and CCNE2 overexpression might play an important role in acquired trastuzumab resistance in HER2+ breast cancer given that resistance was diminished when CCNE2 was silenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Tormo
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Begoña Pineda
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Zazo
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Joan Albanell
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Pompeu Fabra University, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Rovira
- Cancer Research Program, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Lluch
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.,Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Eroles
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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159
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Ferreira PMP, Pessoa C. Molecular biology of human epidermal receptors, signaling pathways and targeted therapy against cancers: new evidences and old challenges. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000216076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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160
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Lv Q, Meng Z, Yu Y, Jiang F, Guan D, Liang C, Zhou J, Lu A, Zhang G. Molecular Mechanisms and Translational Therapies for Human Epidermal Receptor 2 Positive Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E2095. [PMID: 27983617 PMCID: PMC5187895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer (HER2+ BC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with poor prognosis and a high rate of recurrence. About one third of breast cancer is HER2+ BC with significantly high expression level of HER2 protein compared to other subtypes. Therefore, HER2 is an important biomarker and an ideal target for developing therapeutic strategies for the treatment HER2+ BC. In this review, HER2 structure and physiological and pathological roles in HER2+ BC are discussed. Two diagnostic tests, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), for evaluating HER2 expression levels are briefly introduced. The current mainstay targeted therapies for HER2+ BC include monoclonal antibodies, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and other emerging anti-HER2 agents. In clinical practice, combination therapies are commonly adopted in order to achieve synergistic drug response. This review will help to better understand the molecular mechanism of HER2+ BC and further facilitate the development of more effective therapeutic strategies against HER2+ BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxia Lv
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Ziyuan Meng
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
- The State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Daogang Guan
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Junwei Zhou
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU (Haimen) Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Haimen 226133, China.
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161
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Goh G, Schmid R, Guiver K, Arpornwirat W, Chitapanarux I, Ganju V, Im SA, Kim SB, Dechaphunkul A, Maneechavakajorn J, Spector N, Yau T, Afrit M, Ahmed SB, Johnston SR, Gibson N, Uttenreuther-Fischer M, Herrero J, Swanton C. Clonal Evolutionary Analysis during HER2 Blockade in HER2-Positive Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Phase II Open-Label Clinical Trial of Afatinib +/- Vinorelbine. PLoS Med 2016; 13:e1002136. [PMID: 27923043 PMCID: PMC5140058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare, aggressive form of breast cancer associated with HER2 amplification, with high risk of metastasis and an estimated median survival of 2.9 y. We performed an open-label, single-arm phase II clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01325428) to investigate the efficacy and safety of afatinib, an irreversible ErbB family inhibitor, alone and in combination with vinorelbine in patients with HER2-positive IBC. This trial included prospectively planned exome analysis before and after afatinib monotherapy. METHODS AND FINDINGS HER2-positive IBC patients received afatinib 40 mg daily until progression, and thereafter afatinib 40 mg daily and intravenous vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 weekly. The primary endpoint was clinical benefit; secondary endpoints were objective response (OR), duration of OR, and progression-free survival (PFS). Of 26 patients treated with afatinib monotherapy, clinical benefit was achieved in 9 patients (35%), 0 of 7 trastuzumab-treated patients and 9 of 19 trastuzumab-naïve patients. Following disease progression, 10 patients received afatinib plus vinorelbine, and clinical benefit was achieved in 2 of 4 trastuzumab-treated and 0 of 6 trastuzumab-naïve patients. All patients had treatment-related adverse events (AEs). Whole-exome sequencing of tumour biopsies taken before treatment and following disease progression on afatinib monotherapy was performed to assess the mutational landscape of IBC and evolutionary trajectories during therapy. Compared to a cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) patients with HER2-positive non-IBC, HER2-positive IBC patients had significantly higher mutational and neoantigenic burden, more frequent gain-of-function TP53 mutations and a recurrent 11q13.5 amplification overlapping PAK1. Planned exploratory analysis revealed that trastuzumab-naïve patients with tumours harbouring somatic activation of PI3K/Akt signalling had significantly shorter PFS compared to those without (p = 0.03). High genomic concordance between biopsies taken before and following afatinib resistance was observed with stable clonal structures in non-responding tumours, and evidence of branched evolution in 8 of 9 tumours analysed. Recruitment to the trial was terminated early following the LUX-Breast 1 trial, which showed that afatinib combined with vinorelbine had similar PFS and OR rates to trastuzumab plus vinorelbine but shorter overall survival (OS), and was less tolerable. The main limitations of this study are that the results should be interpreted with caution given the relatively small patient cohort and the potential for tumour sampling bias between pre- and post-treatment tumour biopsies. CONCLUSIONS Afatinib, with or without vinorelbine, showed activity in trastuzumab-naïve HER2-positive IBC patients in a planned subgroup analysis. HER2-positive IBC is characterized by frequent TP53 gain-of-function mutations and a high mutational burden. The high mutational load associated with HER2-positive IBC suggests a potential role for checkpoint inhibitor therapy in this disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01325428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Goh
- Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ramona Schmid
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Kelly Guiver
- Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Bracknell, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Seock-Ah Im
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | | | | | - Neil Spector
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Neil Gibson
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co.KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Javier Herrero
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Swanton
- Translational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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162
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Intrinsic HER2 V777L mutation mediates resistance to trastuzumab in a breast cancer patient. Med Oncol 2016; 34:3. [PMID: 27900589 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-016-0857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
HER2 (ERBB2) is an oncogene and 20% of breast cancers display HER2 amplification. The HER2 monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab, is used to treat breast cancers that display HER2 amplification, with good responses in 80-90% of cases; however, 10% of tumours develop resistance to trastuzumab. In this study, we collected data of primary breast cancer patients who treated at hospital during 2004-2014. In our cohort, 205 of 1497 primary breast cancer patients showed HER2-amplification, and 20 experienced recurrence after trastuzumab therapy. Of the 20 recurrent cases, only six patients had metastatic sites, excluding brain metastases, which were resistant to trastuzumab. To examine trastuzumab resistance in HER2-amplified breast cancer, we analysed clinical specimens before and after trastuzumab therapy. The results indicated that an intrinsic activating mutation leads to a valine-to-leucine substitution at codon 777 within the HER2 kinase domain (HER2 V777L). This was identified in one of six cases of a HER2-amplified breast cancer, both pre- and post-treatment; however, HER2 V777L was not identified in 14 responders who were treated with trastuzumab. These results suggest that HER2 V777L mutation is responsible for, and a predictive marker of, trastuzumab resistance. This is the first report to show that HER2 V777L is coincident with HER2-amplification in breast cancers that have developed trastuzumab resistance.
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163
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Lyu H, Yang XH, Edgerton SM, Thor AD, Wu X, He Z, Liu B. The erbB3- and IGF-1 receptor-initiated signaling pathways exhibit distinct effects on lapatinib sensitivity against trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2921-35. [PMID: 26621843 PMCID: PMC4823081 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Both erbB3 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) have been shown to play an important role in trastuzumab resistance. However, it remains unclear whether erbB3- and IGF-1R-initiated signaling pathways possess distinct effects on the sensitivity of lapatinib, a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor against both EGFR and erbB2, in trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Here, we show that the trastuzumab-resistant SKBR3-pool2 and BT474-HR20 breast cancer sublines, as compared the parental SKBR3 and BT474 cells, respectively, exhibit refractoriness to lapatinib. Knockdown of erbB3 inhibited Akt in SKBR3-pool2 and BT474-HR20 cells, significantly increased lapatinib efficacy, and dramatically re-sensitized the cells to lapatinib-induced apoptosis. In contrast, specific knockdown of IGF-1R did not alter the cells' responsiveness to lapatinib. While the levels of phosphorylated Src (P-Src) were reduced upon IGF-1R downregulation, the P-Akt levels remained unchanged. Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of Akt, but not Src, significantly enhanced lapatinib-mediated anti-proliferative/anti-survival effects on SKBR3-pool2 and BT474-HR20 cells. These data indicate that erbB3 signaling is critical for both trastuzumab and lapatinib resistances mainly through the PI-3K/Akt pathway, whereas IGF-1R-initiated Src activation results in trastuzumab resistance without affecting lapatinib sensitivity. Our findings may facilitate the development of precision therapeutic regimens for erbB2-positive breast cancer patients who become resistant to erbB2-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lyu
- Cancer Research Institute and Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Xiao He Yang
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Susan M Edgerton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ann D Thor
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhimin He
- Cancer Research Institute and Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bolin Liu
- Cancer Research Institute and Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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164
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Mercogliano MF, De Martino M, Venturutti L, Rivas MA, Proietti CJ, Inurrigarro G, Frahm I, Allemand DH, Deza EG, Ares S, Gercovich FG, Guzmán P, Roa JC, Elizalde PV, Schillaci R. TNFα-Induced Mucin 4 Expression Elicits Trastuzumab Resistance in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:636-648. [PMID: 27698002 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although trastuzumab administration improved the outcome of HER2-positive breast cancer patients, resistance events hamper its clinical benefits. We demonstrated that TNFα stimulation in vitro induces trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines. Here, we explored the mechanism of TNFα-induced trastuzumab resistance and the therapeutic strategies to overcome it. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Trastuzumab-sensitive breast cancer cells, genetically engineered to stably overexpress TNFα, and de novo trastuzumab-resistant tumors, were used to evaluate trastuzumab response and TNFα-blocking antibodies effectiveness respectively. Immunohistochemistry and antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC), together with siRNA strategy, were used to explore TNFα influence on the expression and function of its downstream target, mucin 4 (MUC4). The clinical relevance of MUC4 expression was studied in a cohort of 78 HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant trastuzumab. RESULTS TNFα overexpression turned trastuzumab-sensitive cells and tumors into resistant ones. Histopathologic findings revealed mucin foci in TNFα-producing tumors. TNFα induced upregulation of MUC4 that reduced trastuzumab binding to its epitope and impaired ADCC. Silencing MUC4 enhanced trastuzumab binding, increased ADCC, and overcame trastuzumab and trastuzumab-emtansine antiproliferative effects in TNFα-overexpressing cells. Accordingly, administration of TNFα-blocking antibodies downregulated MUC4 and sensitized de novo trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells and tumors to trastuzumab. In HER2-positive breast cancer samples, MUC4 expression was found to be an independent predictor of poor disease-free survival (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS We identified TNFα-induced MUC4 expression as a novel trastuzumab resistance mechanism. We propose MUC4 expression as a predictive biomarker of trastuzumab efficacy and a guide to combination therapy of TNFα-blocking antibodies with trastuzumab. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 636-48. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Mercogliano
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares de Carcinogénesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mara De Martino
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares de Carcinogénesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Venturutti
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares de Carcinogénesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín A Rivas
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares de Carcinogénesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Isabel Frahm
- Servicio de Patología, Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Allemand
- Unidad de Patología Mamaria, Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández," Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Sandra Ares
- Instituto Oncológico Henry Moore, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Pablo Guzmán
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Juan C Roa
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Pathology. Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares de Carcinogénesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Laboratorio de Mecanismos Moleculares de Carcinogénesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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165
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Tilio M, Gambini V, Wang J, Garulli C, Kalogris C, Andreani C, Bartolacci C, Elexpuru Zabaleta M, Pietrella L, Hysi A, Iezzi M, Belletti B, Orlando F, Provinciali M, Galeazzi R, Marchini C, Amici A. Irreversible inhibition of Δ16HER2 is necessary to suppress Δ16HER2-positive breast carcinomas resistant to Lapatinib. Cancer Lett 2016; 381:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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166
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De Mattos-Arruda L, Bottai G, Nuciforo PG, Di Tommaso L, Giovannetti E, Peg V, Losurdo A, Pérez-Garcia J, Masci G, Corsi F, Cortés J, Seoane J, Calin GA, Santarpia L. MicroRNA-21 links epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammatory signals to confer resistance to neoadjuvant trastuzumab and chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37269-80. [PMID: 26452030 PMCID: PMC4741929 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with primary HER2-positive breast cancer benefit from HER2-targeted therapies. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of these patients die of disease progression due to mechanisms of drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as critical core regulators of drug resistance that act by modulating the epithelial- to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer-related immune responses. In this study, we investigated the association between the expression of a specific subset of 14 miRNAs involved in EMT processes and immune functions and the response to neoadjuvant trastuzumab and chemotherapy in 52 patients with HER2-overexpressing breast tumors. The expression of only a single miRNA, miR-21, was significantly associated with residual disease (p = 0.030) and increased after trastuzumab-chemotherapy (p = 0.012). A target prediction analysis coupled with in vitro and in vivo validations revealed that miR-21 levels inversely correlated with the expression of PTEN (rs = −0.502; p = 0.005) and PDCD4 (rs = −0.426; p = 0.019), which differentially influenced the drug sensitivity of HER2-positive breast cancer cells. However, PTEN expression was only marginally associated with residual disease. We further demonstrated that miR-21 was able to affect the response to both trastuzumab and chemotherapy, triggering an IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB-mediated signaling loop and activating the PI3K pathway. Our findings support the ability of miR-21 signaling to sustain EMT and shape the tumor immune microenvironment in HER2-positive breast cancer. Collectively, these data provide a rationale for using miR-21 expression as a biomarker to select trastuzumab-chemotherapy-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer patients who may benefit from treatments containing PI3K inhibitors or immunomodulatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia De Mattos-Arruda
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Bottai
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo G Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luca Di Tommaso
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Milan, Italy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory, AIRC Start-Up Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vicente Peg
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agnese Losurdo
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - José Pérez-Garcia
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanna Masci
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Deparment of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Javier Cortés
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Seoane
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Libero Santarpia
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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167
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Santarpia L, Bottai G, Kelly CM, Győrffy B, Székely B, Pusztai L. Deciphering and Targeting Oncogenic Mutations and Pathways in Breast Cancer. Oncologist 2016; 21:1063-78. [PMID: 27384237 PMCID: PMC5016060 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : Advances in DNA and RNA sequencing revealed substantially greater genomic complexity in breast cancer than simple models of a few driver mutations would suggest. Only very few, recurrent mutations or copy-number variations in cancer-causing genes have been identified. The two most common alterations in breast cancer are TP53 (affecting the majority of triple-negative breast cancers) and PIK3CA (affecting almost half of estrogen receptor-positive cancers) mutations, followed by a long tail of individually rare mutations affecting <1%-20% of cases. Each cancer harbors from a few dozen to a few hundred potentially high-functional impact somatic variants, along with a much larger number of potentially high-functional impact germline variants. It is likely that it is the combined effect of all genomic variations that drives the clinical behavior of a given cancer. Furthermore, entirely new classes of oncogenic events are being discovered in the noncoding areas of the genome and in noncoding RNA species driven by errors in RNA editing. In light of this complexity, it is not unexpected that, with the exception of HER2 amplification, no robust molecular predictors of benefit from targeted therapies have been identified. In this review, we summarize the current genomic portrait of breast cancer, focusing on genetic aberrations that are actively being targeted with investigational drugs. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Next-generation sequencing is now widely available in the clinic, but interpretation of the results is challenging, and its impact on treatment selection is often limited. This work provides an overview of frequently encountered molecular abnormalities in breast cancer and discusses their potential therapeutic implications. This review emphasizes the importance of administering investigational targeted therapies, or off-label use of approved targeted drugs, in the context of a formal clinical trial or registry programs to facilitate learning about the clinical utility of tumor target profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libero Santarpia
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Bottai
- Oncology Experimental Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Balázs Győrffy
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Borbala Székely
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Yale Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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168
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Lousberg L, Collignon J, Jerusalem G. Resistance to therapy in estrogen receptor positive and human epidermal growth factor 2 positive breast cancers: progress with latest therapeutic strategies. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2016; 8:429-449. [PMID: 27800032 DOI: 10.1177/1758834016665077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we focus on the subtype of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC). Preclinical and clinical data indicate a complex molecular bidirectional crosstalk between the ER and HER2 pathways. This crosstalk probably constitutes one of the key mechanisms of drug resistance in this subclass of BC. Delaying or even reversing drug resistance seems possible by targeting pathways implicated in this crosstalk. High-risk patients currently receive anti-HER2 therapy, chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in the adjuvant setting. In metastatic cases, most patients receive a combination of anti-HER2 therapy and chemotherapy. Only selected patients presenting more indolent disease are candidates for combinations of anti-HER2 therapy and endocrine therapy. However, relative improvements in progression-free survival by chemotherapy-based regimens are usually lower in ER-positive patients than the ER-negative and HER2-positive subgroup. Consequently, new approaches aiming to overcome endocrine therapy resistance by adding targeted therapies to endocrine therapy based regimens are currently explored. In addition, dual blockade of HER2 or the combination of trastuzumab and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOP) inhibitors targeting the downstream pathway are strategies to overcome resistance to trastuzumab. This may lead in the near future to the less frequent use of chemotherapy-based treatment options in ER-positive, HER2-positive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guy Jerusalem
- CHU Liege and Liege University, Place du 20 Août 7, Liege, Belgium
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169
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Sahai V, Redig AJ, Collier KA, Eckerdt FD, Munshi HG. Targeting BET bromodomain proteins in solid tumors. Oncotarget 2016; 7:53997-54009. [PMID: 27283767 PMCID: PMC5288238 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in inhibitors targeting BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) proteins because of the association between this family of proteins and cancer progression. BET inhibitors were initially shown to have efficacy in hematologic malignancies; however, a number of studies have now shown that BET inhibitors can also block progression of non-hematologic malignancies. In this Review, we summarize the efficacy of BET inhibitors in select solid tumors; evaluate the role of BET proteins in mediating resistance to current targeted therapies; and consider potential toxicities of BET inhibitors. We also evaluate recently characterized mechanisms of resistance to BET inhibitors; summarize ongoing clinical trials with these inhibitors; and discuss potential future roles of BET inhibitors in patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Sahai
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amanda J. Redig
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katharine A. Collier
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frank D. Eckerdt
- The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hidayatullah G. Munshi
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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170
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Frequent detection of PIK3CA mutations in single circulating tumor cells of patients suffering from HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2016; 10:1330-43. [PMID: 27491860 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern technologies enable detection and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood samples. Thus, CTC have attracted interest as markers for therapeutic response in breast cancer. First studies have incorporated CTC analyses to guide therapeutic interventions and stratification of breast cancer patients. Aim of this study was to analyze characteristic features of CTC as biomarker for predicting resistance to HER2-targeted therapies. Therefore, CTC from metastatic breast cancer patients with HER2-negative primary tumors screened for the prospective randomized phase III trial DETECT III were explored for their HER2 status and the presence of PIK3CA mutations. Detection and characterization of HER2 expression of CTC were conducted with the CellSearch(®) system. Fifteen of 179 CTC-positive patients (8.4%) contained ≥1 CTC with strong HER2 expression. Genomic DNA from individual CTC isolated by micromanipulation was propagated by whole genome amplification and analyzed for PIK3CA mutations in exons 9 and 20 by Sanger sequencing. One or more CTC/7.5 mL were detected in 179/290 patients (61.7%). In 109 patients (34.8%), ≥5 CTC/7.5 mL were found. We detected at least one CTC with the mutation p.E542K, p.E545K, p.H1047R, p.H1047L or p.M1043V in 12/33 patients (36.4%). Thirty six of 114 CTC (31.6%) harbored one of these mutations. CTC in individual patients exhibited heterogeneity concerning PIK3CA mutations and HER2 expression. In conclusion, clinically relevant genomic aberrations such as mutations in the hotspot regions of exon 9 and 20 of the PIK3CA gene can be detected in single CTC and might provide insights into mechanisms of resistance to HER2-targeted therapies.
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171
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Knutson KL, Clynes R, Shreeder B, Yeramian P, Kemp KP, Ballman K, Tenner KS, Erskine CL, Norton N, Northfelt D, Tan W, Calfa C, Pegram M, Mittendorf EA, Perez EA. Improved Survival of HER2+ Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Trastuzumab and Chemotherapy Is Associated with Host Antibody Immunity against the HER2 Intracellular Domain. Cancer Res 2016; 76:3702-10. [PMID: 27197192 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-3091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy extends survival among patients with HER2(+) breast cancer. Prior work showed that trastuzumab and chemotherapy augments HER2 extracellular domain (ECD)-specific antibodies. The current study investigated whether combination therapy induced immune responses beyond HER2-ECD and, importantly, whether those immune responses were associated with survival. Pretreatment and posttreatment sera were obtained from 48 women with metastatic HER2(+) breast cancer on NCCTG (now Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology) studies, N0337 and N983252. IgG to HER2 intracellular domain (ICD), HER2-ECD, p53, IGFBP2, CEA, and tetanus toxoid were examined. Sera from 25 age-matched controls and 26 surgically resected HER2(+) patients were also examined. Prior to therapy, some patients with metastatic disease had elevated antibodies to IGFBP2, p53, HER2-ICD, HER2-ECD, and CEA, but not to tetanus toxin, relative to controls and surgically resected patients. Treatment augmented antibody responses to HER2-ICD in 69% of metastatic patients, which was highly associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS; HR = 0.5, P = 0.0042) and overall survival (OS; HR = 0.7, P = 0.038). Augmented antibody responses to HER2-ICD also correlated (P = 0.03) with increased antibody responses to CEA, IGFBP2, and p53, indicating that treatment induces epitope spreading. Paradoxically, patients who already had high preexisting immunity to HER2-ICD did not respond to therapy with increased antibodies to HER2-ICD and demonstrated poorer PFS (HR = 1.6, P < 0.0001) and OS (HR = 1.4, P = 0.0006). Overall, the findings further demonstrate the importance of the adaptive immune system in the efficacy of trastuzumab-containing regimens. Cancer Res; 76(13); 3702-10. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith L Knutson
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.
| | - Raphael Clynes
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Barath Shreeder
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Patrick Yeramian
- Cancer Vaccines and Immune Therapies Program, Center for Diseases of Aging, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Kathleen P Kemp
- Cancer Vaccines and Immune Therapies Program, Center for Diseases of Aging, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Karla Ballman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kathleen S Tenner
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Nadine Norton
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Donald Northfelt
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Winston Tan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | | | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Edith A Perez
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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172
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Pera E, Kaemmerer E, Milevskiy MJG, Yapa KTDS, O'Donnell JS, Brown MA, Simpson F, Peters AA, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. The voltage gated Ca(2+)-channel Cav3.2 and therapeutic responses in breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:24. [PMID: 27034617 PMCID: PMC4815142 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the cause of therapeutic resistance and identifying new biomarkers in breast cancer to predict therapeutic responses will help optimise patient care. Calcium (Ca2+)-signalling is important in a variety of processes associated with tumour progression, including breast cancer cell migration and proliferation. Ca2+-signalling is also linked to the acquisition of multidrug resistance. This study aimed to assess the expression level of proteins involved in Ca2+-signalling in an in vitro model of trastuzumab-resistance and to assess the ability of identified targets to reverse resistance and/or act as potential biomarkers for prognosis or therapy outcome. Methods Expression levels of a panel of Ca2+-pumps, channels and channel regulators were assessed using RT-qPCR in resistant and sensitive age-matched SKBR3 breast cancer cells, established through continuous culture in the absence or presence of trastuzumab. The role of Cav3.2 in the acquisition of trastuzumab-resistance was assessed through pharmacological inhibition and induced overexpression. Levels of Cav3.2 were assessed in a panel of non-malignant and malignant breast cell lines using RT-qPCR and in patient samples representing different molecular subtypes (PAM50 cohort). Patient survival was also assessed in samples stratified by Cav3.2 expression (METABRIC and KM-Plotter cohort). Results Increased mRNA of Cav3.2 was a feature of both acquired and intrinsic trastuzumab-resistant SKBR3 cells. However, pharmacological inhibition of Cav3.2 did not restore trastuzumab-sensitivity nor did Cav3.2 overexpression induce the expression of markers associated with resistance, suggesting that Cav3.2 is not a driver of trastuzumab-resistance. Cav3.2 levels were significantly higher in luminal A, luminal B and HER2-enriched subtypes compared to the basal subtype. High levels of Cav3.2 were associated with poor outcome in patients with oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers, whereas Cav3.2 levels were correlated positively with patient survival after chemotherapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancers. Conclusion Our study identified elevated levels of Cav3.2 in trastuzumab-resistant SKBR3 cell lines. Although not a regulator of trastuzumab-resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer cells, Cav3.2 may be a potential differential biomarker for survival and treatment response in specific breast cancer subtypes. These studies add to the complex and diverse role of Ca2+-signalling in breast cancer progression and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-016-0299-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pera
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Elke Kaemmerer
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Michael J G Milevskiy
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Kunsala T D S Yapa
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Jake S O'Donnell
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD Australia.,Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Melissa A Brown
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD Australia.,Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Amelia A Peters
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Sarah J Roberts-Thomson
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Gregory R Monteith
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, QLD Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD Australia
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173
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Walsh L, Gallagher WM, O’Connor DP, Ní Chonghaile T. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications of Histone Epigenetic Modulators in Breast Cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:541-51. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1156534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Walsh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - William M. Gallagher
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
- OncoMark Limited, NovaUCD, Belfield Innovation Park, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Darran P. O’Connor
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Tríona Ní Chonghaile
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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174
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Abstract
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor type 2 (HER2) gene amplification and/or protein overexpression is observed in patients suffering from HER2+ breast cancer. This subtype of breast cancer has improved prognosis due to availability of anti-HER2 therapy. However, drug resistance and tumor recurrence still remains a major concern. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are believed to constitute the subset of cell population that is resistant to drug treatment and possesses characteristics of stem cells. CSCs enable the tumors to thrive despite major insults. This review provides a comprehensive idea about the concept of CSCs in context of HER2+ breast cancer by providing the description of the markers that are used for the identification of CSCs and by elucidating the signaling pathways that are associated with HER2+ breast CSCs. Furthermore, the review also describes the interaction of HER2 with those signaling pathways and the future of targeting CSCs in HER2+ breast cancer.
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175
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Rimawi MF, De Angelis C, Schiff R. Resistance to Anti-HER2 Therapies in Breast Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2016:e157-64. [PMID: 25993167 DOI: 10.14694/edbook_am.2015.35.e157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HER2 is amplified or overexpressed in 20% to 25% of breast cancers. HER2 is a redundant, robust, and powerful signaling pathway that represents an attractive therapeutic target. Anti-HER2 therapy in the clinic has resulted in significant improvements in patient outcomes and, in recent years, combinations of anti-HER2 therapies have been explored and carry great promise. However, treatment resistance remains a problem. Resistance can be mediated, among others, by pathway redundancy, reactivation, or the utilization of escape pathways. Understanding mechanisms of resistance can lead to better therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mothaffar F Rimawi
- From the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- From the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Rachel Schiff
- From the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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176
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Creedon H, Balderstone LA, Muir M, Balla J, Gomez-Cuadrado L, Tracey N, Loane J, Klinowska T, Muller WJ, Brunton VG. Use of a genetically engineered mouse model as a preclinical tool for HER2 breast cancer. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:131-40. [PMID: 26721874 PMCID: PMC4770148 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.023143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies presents a major clinical problem. Although preclinical studies have identified a number of possible mechanisms, clinical validation has been difficult. This is most likely to reflect the reliance on cell-line models that do not recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity seen in human tumours. Here, we show the utility of a genetically engineered mouse model of HER2-driven breast cancer (MMTV-NIC) to define mechanisms of resistance to the pan-HER family inhibitor AZD8931. Genetic manipulation of MMTV-NIC mice demonstrated that loss of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) conferred de novo resistance to AZD8931, and a tumour fragment transplantation model was established to assess mechanisms of acquired resistance. Using this approach, 50% of tumours developed resistance to AZD8931. Analysis of the resistant tumours showed two distinct patterns of resistance: tumours in which reduced membranous HER2 expression was associated with an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and resistant tumours that retained HER2 expression and an epithelial morphology. The plasticity of the EMT phenotype was demonstrated upon re-implantation of resistant tumours that then showed a mixed epithelial and mesenchymal phenotype. Further AZD8931 treatment resulted in the generation of secondary resistant tumours that again had either undergone EMT or retained their original epithelial morphology. The data provide a strong rationale for basing therapeutic decisions on the biology of the individual resistant tumour, which can be very different from that of the primary tumour and will be specific to individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Creedon
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Lucy A Balderstone
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Jozef Balla
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Laura Gomez-Cuadrado
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Natasha Tracey
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Joseph Loane
- Pathology Department, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2ZD, UK
| | - Teresa Klinowska
- AstraZeneca Oncology iMed, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - William J Muller
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
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177
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Kakarla P, Inupakutika M, Devireddy AR, Gunda SK, Willmon TM, Ranjana KC, Shrestha U, Ranaweera I, Hernandez AJ, Barr S, Varela MF. 3D-QSAR AND CONTOUR MAP ANALYSIS OF TARIQUIDAR ANALOGUES AS MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN-1 (MRP1) INHIBITORS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH 2016; 7:554-572. [PMID: 26913287 PMCID: PMC4762489 DOI: 10.13040/ijpsr.0975-8232.7(2).554-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the major obstacles to the successful chemotherapy towards several cancers is multidrug resistance of human cancer cells to anti-cancer drugs. An important contributor to multidrug resistance is the human multidrug resistance protein-1 transporter (MRP1), which is an efflux pump of the ABC (ATP binding cassette) superfamily. Thus, highly efficacious, third generation MRP1 inhibitors, like tariquidar analogues, are promising inhibitors of multidrug resistance and are under clinical trials. To maximize the efficacy of MRP1 inhibitors and to reduce systemic toxicity, it is important to limit the exposure of MRP1 inhibitors and anticancer drugs to normal tissues and to increase their co-localization with tumor cells. Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) and Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis (CoMSIA) associated with 3D-Quantitiative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) studies were performed on a series of tariquidar analogues, as selective MDR modulators. Best predictability was obtained with CoMFA model r2 (non-cross-validated square of correlation coefficient) = 0.968, F value = 151.768 with five components, standard error of estimate = 0.107 while the CoMSIA yielded r2 = 0.982, F value = 60.628 with six components, and standard error of estimate = 0.154. These results indicate that steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic (lipophilic), and hydrogen bond donor substituents play significant roles in multidrug resistance modulation of tariquidar analogues upon MRP1. The tariquidar analogue and MRP1 binding and stability data generated from CoMFA and CoMSIA based 3D-contour maps may further aid in study and design of tariquidar analogues as novel, potent and selective MDR modulator drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathusha Kakarla
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Madhuri Inupakutika
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Amith R. Devireddy
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Shravan Kumar Gunda
- Bioinformatics Division, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Thomas Mark Willmon
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - KC Ranjana
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Ugina Shrestha
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Indrika Ranaweera
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Alberto J. Hernandez
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Sharla Barr
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
| | - Manuel F. Varela
- Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Station 33, Portales, NM, 88130, USA
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178
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Current challenges in HER2-positive breast cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 98:211-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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179
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Schwab CL, Santin AD. Targeted therapy in the treatment of uterine serous carcinoma. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 16:97-9. [PMID: 25616096 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlton L Schwab
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Rm 305 LSOG, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208063, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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180
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Asić K. Dominant mechanisms of primary resistance differ from dominant mechanisms of secondary resistance to targeted therapies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 97:178-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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181
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Herold K. Overview of the CLEOPATRA Trial: Implications for Advanced Practitioners. J Adv Pract Oncol 2016; 7:83-89. [PMID: 27713847 PMCID: PMC5045281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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182
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Gomes BC, Santos B, Rueff J, Rodrigues AS. Methods for Studying MicroRNA Expression and Their Targets in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Breast Cancer Tissues. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1395:189-205. [PMID: 26910075 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3347-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a burden in cancer treatment. In the past few years molecular genetics brought a new hope with personalized therapy. This individual approach allows the identification of genetic profiles that will respond better to a given treatment and consequently get a better outcome. Recently, physicians received an extra aid with the approval of molecular tools based on gene expression signatures. With these tools, physicians have the capacity to identify the probability of disease recurrence in the first 5 years following diagnosis, a fact that is essential for a more effective adjuvant therapy administration. However, some patients still relapse and acquire drug resistance and aggressive tumors. For that reason, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular players in drug resistance is of extreme importance. MicroRNAs have been described as regulators of various cellular pathways and as predictive and prognostic factors. As broad regulators, microRNAs also interfere with drug metabolism and drug targets. Thus it is of paramount importance to understand which microRNAs are deregulated in breast cancer and try to relate this misexpression with resistance to therapeutics, poor outcomes, and survival. Here, we describe a possible approach to study microRNA expression and respective targets from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissues. FFPE tissues are regularly archived for long periods in pathology departments, and microRNAs are well conserved in these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Costa Gomes
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, Lisbon, 1150-008, Portugal
| | - Bruno Santos
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, Lisbon, 1150-008, Portugal
| | - José Rueff
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, Lisbon, 1150-008, Portugal
| | - António Sebastião Rodrigues
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Câmara Pestana 6, Lisbon, 1150-008, Portugal.
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183
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Karakashev SV, Reginato MJ. Hypoxia/HIF1α induces lapatinib resistance in ERBB2-positive breast cancer cells via regulation of DUSP2. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1967-80. [PMID: 25596742 PMCID: PMC4385829 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB2/HER2 belongs to the EGFR-family of receptor tyrosine kinases and its overexpression can promote tumor progression. Breast cancer patients with ERBB2 amplifications are currently treated with lapatinib, a small-molecule kinase inhibitor that specifically blocks EGFR/ERBB2 signaling. Here, we show that hypoxia, via HIF-1, induces resistance to lapatinib-mediated effects in ERBB2-expressing mammary epithelial and ERBB2-positive breast cancer cells. Lapatinib-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis in three-dimensional (3D) cultures are decreased under hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia can maintain activation of signaling pathways downstream from ERBB2 including AKT and ERK in the presence of lapatinib. HIF-1 is both required and sufficient to induce lapatinib resistance as overexpression of stable HIF-1 in ERBB2-expressing cells blocks lapatinib-mediated effects and maintains ERBB2-downstream signaling under normoxic conditions. Under hypoxia, activation of ERK signaling is required for lapatinib resistance as treatment with MEK inhibitor trametinib reverses hypoxia-mediated lapatinib resistance. HIF-1 can bypass the lapatinib-treated inhibition of the ERK pathway via inhibition of the dual-specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2). Indeed, overexpression of DUSP2 in ErbB2-positve breast cancer cells reverses hypoxia-mediated lapatinib resistance. Thus, our results provide rationale for therapeutic evaluation of the treatment of hypoxic ERBB2 expressing breast tumors with a combination of lapatinib and MEK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Karakashev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Mauricio J Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
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184
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van Vuuren RJ, Visagie MH, Theron AE, Joubert AM. Antimitotic drugs in the treatment of cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015; 76:1101-12. [PMID: 26563258 PMCID: PMC4648954 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease since it is adaptive in such a way that it can promote proliferation and invasion by means of an overactive cell cycle and in turn cellular division which is targeted by antimitotic drugs that are highly validated chemotherapy agents. However, antimitotic drug cytotoxicity to non-tumorigenic cells and multiple cancer resistance developed in response to drugs such as taxanes and vinca alkaloids are obstacles faced in both the clinical and basic research field to date. In this review, the classes of antimitotic compounds, their mechanisms of action and cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy and other limitations of current antimitotic compounds are highlighted, as well as the potential of novel 17-β estradiol analogs as cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle H Visagie
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x 323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa.
| | - Anne E Theron
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x 323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
| | - Annie M Joubert
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x 323, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
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185
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Monteiro IDPC, Madureira P, de Vasconscelos A, Pozza DH, de Mello RA. Targeting HER family in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: potential biomarkers and novel targeted therapies. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 16:257-71. [PMID: 25712189 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2-targeted therapies have radically changed the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer over the last few years. However, resistance to these therapies has been a constant, leading to treatment-failure and new tumor progression. Recently, the kinase-impaired HER3 emerged as a pivotal player in oncogenic signaling, with an important role in both non-treated progression and treatment response. HER2/HER3 dimerization is required for full signaling potential and constitutes the key oncogenic unit. Also, when inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway (as with anti-HER2 drugs) feedback mechanisms lead to a rebound in HER3 activity, which is one of the main roads to resistance. As current strategies to treat HER2-positive breast cancer are unable to inhibit this feedback response, two great promises emerged: the combination of targeted-therapies and drugs targeting HER3. In this article HER2 and HER3-targeted drugs and possible combinations between them, as well as the biomarkers to predict and monitor these drugs effect, are reviewed.
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186
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Wang Y, Sun T, Wan D, Sheng L, Li W, Zhu H, Li Y, Lu J. Hormone receptor status predicts the clinical outcome of human epidermal growth factor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients receiving trastuzumab therapy: a multicenter retrospective study. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3337-48. [PMID: 26648738 PMCID: PMC4648606 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s91166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), dramatically improves the clinical outcomes of HER2-positive breast cancer. Emerging evidence implied that the clinical behavior and sensitivity to targeted agents in HER2-positive breast cancer differed by hormone receptor (HR) status. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the HR status on survival benefit of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer when treated with anti-HER2-targeted therapy in People’s Republic of China. Methods Metastatic breast cancer patients with HER2-positive diseases across six cancer centers in People’s Republic of China were retrospectively analyzed in our study. Patients were classified into four groups according to HR/HER2 status and trastuzumab treatment: HER2+/HR+ patients with first-line trastuzumab treatment, HER2+/HR+ patients with no trastuzumab treatment, HER2+/HR− patients with first-line trastuzumab treatment, and HER2+/HR− patients with no trastuzumab treatment. Kaplan–Meier analysis, log-rank test, and multivariate analysis were performed during analysis. Results A total of 295 patients were included in the final analysis. The median overall survival was 30 months (95% confidence interval: 27.521–32.479). Among patients with HER2+/HR− disease, significant survival benefit was observed when treated with trastuzumab (30 vs 21 months, P=0.000). However, in patients with HER2+/HR+ disease, trastuzumab administration had a survival improvement trend but no significant statistical differences (36 vs 30 months, P=0.258). In the multivariate analysis, HR status was an independent predictor of overall survival and trastuzumab treatment had significantly decreased risk of death in HER2+/HR− patients (hazard ratio =0.330). Conclusion HR status is an independent predictor of overall survival in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients and patients with HER2+/HR− subtype might be associated with more survival benefits when treated with trastuzumab-based regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Donggui Wan
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Sheng
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Janice Lu
- Department of Breast Cancer, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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187
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Lin CH, Pelissier FA, Zhang H, Lakins J, Weaver VM, Park C, LaBarge MA. Microenvironment rigidity modulates responses to the HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib via YAP and TAZ transcription factors. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:3946-53. [PMID: 26337386 PMCID: PMC4710228 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-07-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stiffness is a biophysical property of the extracellular matrix that modulates cellular functions, including proliferation, invasion, and differentiation, and it also may affect therapeutic responses. Therapeutic durability in cancer treatments remains a problem for both chemotherapies and pathway-targeted drugs, but the reasons for this are not well understood. Tumor progression is accompanied by changes in the biophysical properties of the tissue, and we asked whether matrix rigidity modulated the sensitive versus resistant states in HER2-amplified breast cancer cell responses to the HER2-targeted kinase inhibitor lapatinib. The antiproliferative effect of lapatinib was inversely proportional to the elastic modulus of the adhesive substrata. Down-regulation of the mechanosensitive transcription coactivators YAP and TAZ, either by siRNA or with the small-molecule YAP/TEAD inhibitor verteporfin, eliminated modulus-dependent lapatinib resistance. Reduction of YAP in vivo in mice also slowed the growth of implanted HER2-amplified tumors, showing a trend of increasing sensitivity to lapatinib as YAP decreased. Thus we address the role of stiffness in resistance to and efficacy of a HER2 pathway-targeted therapeutic via the mechanotransduction arm of the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Lin
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Fanny A Pelissier
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Jon Lakins
- Center for Bioengineering, Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Valerie M Weaver
- Center for Bioengineering, Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Catherine Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Mark A LaBarge
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
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188
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Janiszewska M, Liu L, Almendro V, Kuang Y, Paweletz C, Sakr RA, Weigelt B, Hanker AB, Chandarlapaty S, King TA, Reis-Filho JS, Arteaga CL, Park SY, Michor F, Polyak K. In situ single-cell analysis identifies heterogeneity for PIK3CA mutation and HER2 amplification in HER2-positive breast cancer. Nat Genet 2015; 47:1212-9. [PMID: 26301495 PMCID: PMC4589505 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Detection of minor, genetically distinct subpopulations within tumors is a key challenge in cancer genomics. Here we report STAR-FISH (specific-to-allele PCR-FISH), a novel method for the combined detection of single-nucleotide and copy number alterations in single cells in intact archived tissues. Using this method, we assessed the clinical impact of changes in the frequency and topology of PIK3CA mutation and HER2 (ERBB2) amplification within HER2-positive breast cancer during neoadjuvant therapy. We found that these two genetic events are not always present in the same cells. Chemotherapy selects for PIK3CA-mutant cells, a minor subpopulation in nearly all treatment-naive samples, and modulates genetic diversity within tumors. Treatment-associated changes in the spatial distribution of cellular genetic diversity correlated with poor long-term outcome following adjuvant therapy with trastuzumab. Our findings support the use of in situ single cell-based methods in cancer genomics and imply that chemotherapy before HER2-targeted therapy may promote treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Janiszewska
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vanessa Almendro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yanan Kuang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Belfer Institute of Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cloud Paweletz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Belfer Institute of Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rita A Sakr
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ariella B Hanker
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tari A King
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carlos L Arteaga
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Medicine, Breast Cancer Research Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Franziska Michor
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kornelia Polyak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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189
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Tripathy D. The BMC Medicine breast cancer collection: an illustration of contemporary research and clinical care. BMC Med 2015; 13:223. [PMID: 26394747 PMCID: PMC4580146 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of breast cancer had witnessed clear improvements in survival and less morbidity over the last few decades owing to earlier detection as a result of public awareness and screening, as well as treatments involving the disciplines of surgical, radiation and medical oncology along with advances in imaging and pathological diagnostics. However, in the last 5-10 years, newer assays and biological therapies have begun to cross new boundaries with higher rates of cure seen in more aggressive cancers. Even though metastatic breast cancer remains incurable, some, but not all, subsets of patients with breast cancer are living longer and more productive lives. Many challenges still remain, and the development of team science coupled with collaborative clinical research and care is expected to accelerate advances along this trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debu Tripathy
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Unit 1354, Houston, 77030, TX, USA.
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190
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Abstract
HER2 (ErbB2), a member of the HER family of tyrosine kinase receptors (HER1-4), is a major driver of tumor growth in 20% of breast cancers. Treatment with the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab has revolutionized the outcome of patients with this aggressive breast cancer subtype, but intrinsic and acquired resistance is common. Growing understanding of the biology and complexity of the HER2 signaling network and of potential resistance mechanisms has guided the development of new HER2-targeted agents. Combinations of these drugs to more completely inhibit the HER receptor layer, or combining HER2-targeted agents with agents that target downstream signaling, alternative pathways, or components of the host immune system, are being vigorously investigated in the preclinical and clinical settings. As a result, the list of more effective and well tolerated FDA-approved new regimens for patients with HER2+ tumors is constantly growing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mothaffar F Rimawi
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center and the Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030; , ,
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191
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Agajanian M, Runa F, Kelber JA. Identification of a PEAK1/ZEB1 signaling axis during TGFβ/fibronectin-induced EMT in breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 465:606-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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192
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Giuliano M, Hu H, Wang YC, Fu X, Nardone A, Herrera S, Mao S, Contreras A, Gutierrez C, Wang T, Hilsenbeck SG, De Angelis C, Wang NJ, Heiser LM, Gray JW, Lopez-Tarruella S, Pavlick AC, Trivedi MV, Chamness GC, Chang JC, Osborne CK, Rimawi MF, Schiff R. Upregulation of ER Signaling as an Adaptive Mechanism of Cell Survival in HER2-Positive Breast Tumors Treated with Anti-HER2 Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3995-4003. [PMID: 26015514 PMCID: PMC4558260 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the direct effect and therapeutic consequences of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeting therapy on expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and Bcl2 in preclinical models and clinical tumor samples. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Archived xenograft tumors from two preclinical models (UACC812 and MCF7/HER2-18) treated with ER and HER2-targeting therapies and also HER2+ clinical breast cancer specimens collected in a lapatinib neoadjuvant trial (baseline and week 2 posttreatment) were used. Expression levels of ER and Bcl2 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The effects of Bcl2 and ER inhibition, by ABT-737 and fulvestrant, respectively, were tested in parental versus lapatinib-resistant UACC812 cells in vitro. RESULTS Expression of ER and Bcl2 was significantly increased in xenograft tumors with acquired resistance to anti-HER2 therapy compared with untreated tumors in both preclinical models (UACC812: ER P = 0.0014; Bcl2 P < 0.001 and MCF7/HER2-18: ER P = 0.0007; Bcl2 P = 0.0306). In the neoadjuvant clinical study, lapatinib treatment for 2 weeks was associated with parallel upregulation of ER and Bcl2 (Spearman coefficient: 0.70; P = 0.0002). Importantly, 18% of tumors originally ER-negative (ER(-)) converted to ER(+) upon anti-HER2 therapy. In ER(-)/HER2(+) MCF7/HER2-18 xenografts, ER reexpression was primarily observed in tumors responding to potent combination of anti-HER2 drugs. Estrogen deprivation added to this anti-HER2 regimen significantly delayed tumor progression (P = 0.018). In the UACC812 cells, fulvestrant, but not ABT-737, was able to completely inhibit anti-HER2-resistant growth (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS HER2 inhibition can enhance or restore ER expression with parallel Bcl2 upregulation, representing an ER-dependent survival mechanism potentially leading to anti-HER2 resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Lapatinib
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoadjuvant Therapy
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Quinazolines/pharmacology
- Quinazolines/therapeutic use
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Time Factors
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Giuliano
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Huizhong Hu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Yen-Chao Wang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaoyong Fu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Agostina Nardone
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sabrina Herrera
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sufeng Mao
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Alejandro Contreras
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Carolina Gutierrez
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Tao Wang
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan G Hilsenbeck
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicholas J Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon
| | - Laura M Heiser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon
| | - Joe W Gray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Anne C Pavlick
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Meghana V Trivedi
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Gary C Chamness
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - C Kent Osborne
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mothaffar F Rimawi
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rachel Schiff
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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193
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Sun Z, Shi Y, Shen Y, Cao L, Zhang W, Guan X. Analysis of different HER-2 mutations in breast cancer progression and drug resistance. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2691-701. [PMID: 26305917 PMCID: PMC4687700 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies over the last two decades have identified that amplified human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER‐2; c‐erbB‐2, neu) and its overexpression have been frequently implicated in the carcinogenesis and prognosis in a variety of solid tumours, especially breast cancer. Lots of painstaking efforts were invested on the HER‐2 targeted agents, and significantly improved outcome and prolonged the survival of patients. However, some patients classified as ‘HER‐2‐positive’ would be still resistant to the anti‐HER‐2 therapy. Various mechanisms of drug resistance have been illustrated and the alteration of HER‐2 was considered as a crucial mechanism. However, systematic researches in regard to the HER‐2 mutations and variants are still inadequate. Notably, the alterations of HER‐2 play an important role in drug resistance, but also have a potential association with the cancer risk. In this review, we summarize the possible mutations and focus on HER‐2 variants’ role in breast cancer tumourigenesis. Additionally, the alteration of HER‐2, as a potential mechanism of resistance to trastuzumab, is discussed here. We hope that HER‐2 related activating mutations could potentially offer more therapeutic opportunities to a broader range of patients than previously classified as HER‐2 overexpressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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194
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The Major Prognostic Features of Nuclear Receptor NR5A2 in Infiltrating Ductal Breast Carcinomas. Int J Genomics 2015; 2015:403576. [PMID: 26366408 PMCID: PMC4561099 DOI: 10.1155/2015/403576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Gene expression profiles of 181 breast cancer samples were analyzed to identify prognostic features of nuclear receptors NR5A1 and NR5A2 based upon their associated transcriptional networks. Methods. A supervised network analysis approach was used to build the NR5A-mediated transcriptional regulatory network. Other bioinformatic tools and statistical methods were utilized to confirm and extend results from the network analysis methodology. Results. NR5A2 expression is a negative factor in breast cancer prognosis in both ER(-) and ER(-)/ER(+) mixed cohorts. The clinical and cohort significance of NR5A2-mediated transcriptional activities indicates that it may have a significant role in attenuating grade development and cancer related signal transduction pathways. NR5A2 signature that conditions poor prognosis was identified based upon results from 15 distinct probes. Alternatively, the expression of NR5A1 predicts favorable prognosis when concurrent NR5A2 expression is low. A favorable signature of eight transcription factors mediated by NR5A1 was also identified. Conclusions. Correlation of poor prognosis and NR5A2 activity is identified by NR5A2-mediated 15-gene signature. NR5A2 may be a potential drug target for treating a subset of breast cancer tumors across breast cancer subtypes, especially ER(-) breast tumors. The favorable prognostic feature of NR5A1 is predicted by NR5A1-mediated 8-gene signature.
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195
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Bazargani YT, de Boer A, Schellens JHM, Leufkens HGM, Mantel-Teeuwisse AK. Essential medicines for breast cancer in low and middle income countries. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:591. [PMID: 26283654 PMCID: PMC4538762 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women worldwide. In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), appropriate selection of medicines on national essential medicines lists (NEMLs) is a first step towards adequate access to treatment. We studied selection of systemic treatments for breast cancer on NEMLs and assessed its alignment with treatment guidelines for different types of early and advanced breast cancer. Furthermore, influence of country characteristics on the selection was investigated. METHOD NEMLs from 75 LMICs were studied for inclusion of all components of therapy in each stage of breast cancer according to international consensus guidelines. The results were then grouped by income level, WHO region and the NEMLs' release date. Non parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Unlike HER2-targeted therapies (<10%), aromatase inhibitors (12%) and taxanes (28%); tamoxifen and first generation chemotherapeutic regimens (e.g., anthracycline-based regimens) were frequently found in the NEMLs (71-78%). Consequently, all components of treatment for "Luminal A" early breast cancer and non HER2 overexpressed advanced breast cancer were found on the NEMLs of over 70% of countries. However, 40% of the low income countries did not have all the components of therapy for any type of early breast cancer in their NEMLs, and adequate treatment of HER2 overexpressed breast cancer was hardly possible with the current selections. Recent NEMLs were more aligned with the guidelines (p < 0.05). Eastern Mediterranean and African regions less frequently incorporated all components of breast cancer treatment in their NEMLs. CONCLUSION Alignment of selection with guidelines' recommendations was inconsistent for different types of early and advanced breast cancer in NEMLs. Regular updates and more attention to clinical guidelines is therefore recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Bazargani
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, David de Wied building, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - A de Boer
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, David de Wied building, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - J H M Schellens
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, David de Wied building, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - H G M Leufkens
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, David de Wied building, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Aukje K Mantel-Teeuwisse
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, David de Wied building, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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196
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Menon R, Panwar B, Eksi R, Kleer C, Guan Y, Omenn GS. Computational Inferences of the Functions of Alternative/Noncanonical Splice Isoforms Specific to HER2+/ER-/PR- Breast Cancers, a Chromosome 17 C-HPP Study. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:3519-29. [PMID: 26147891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted as a part of the Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) of the Human Proteome Organization. The main objective is to identify and evaluate functionality of a set of specific noncanonical isoforms expressed in HER2-neu positive, estrogen receptor negative (ER-), and progesterone receptor negative (PR-) breast cancers (HER2+/ER-/PR- BC), an aggressive subtype of breast cancers that cause significant morbidity and mortality. We identified 11 alternative splice isoforms that were differentially expressed in HER2+/ER-/PR- BC compared to normal mammary, triple negative breast cancer and triple positive breast cancer tissues (HER2+/ER+/PR+). We used a stringent criterion that differentially expressed noncanonical isoforms (adjusted p value < 0.05) and have to be expressed in all replicates of HER2+/ER-/PR- BC samples, and the trend in differential expression (up or down) is the same in all comparisons. Of the 11 protein isoforms, six were overexpressed in HER2+/ER-/PR- BC. We explored possible functional roles of these six proteins using several complementary computational tools. Biological processes including cell cycle events and glycolysis were linked to four of these proteins. For example, glycolysis was the top ranking functional process for DMXL2 isoform 3, with a fold change of 27 compared to just two for the canonical protein. No previous reports link DMXL2 with any metabolic processes; the canonical protein is known to participate in signaling pathways. Our results clearly indicate distinct functions for the six overexpressed alternative splice isoforms, and these functions could be specific to HER2+/ER-/PR- tumor progression. Further detailed analysis is warranted as these proteins could be explored as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HER2+/ER-/PR- BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasree Menon
- University of Michigan , 100 Washtenaw Avenue, Room 2044B, Palmer Commons, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Bharat Panwar
- University of Michigan , 100 Washtenaw Avenue, Room 2044B, Palmer Commons, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ridvan Eksi
- University of Michigan , 100 Washtenaw Avenue, Room 2044B, Palmer Commons, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Celina Kleer
- University of Michigan , 100 Washtenaw Avenue, Room 2044B, Palmer Commons, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yuanfang Guan
- University of Michigan , 100 Washtenaw Avenue, Room 2044B, Palmer Commons, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Gilbert S Omenn
- University of Michigan , 100 Washtenaw Avenue, Room 2044B, Palmer Commons, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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197
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Denny EC, Kane SE. t-Darpp Promotes Enhanced EGFR Activation and New Drug Synergies in Her2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132267. [PMID: 26121470 PMCID: PMC4488293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab has led to improved survival rates of HER2+ breast cancer patients. However, acquired resistance remains a problem in the majority of cases. t-Darpp is over-expressed in trastuzumab-resistant cell lines and its over-expression is sufficient for conferring the resistance phenotype. Although its mechanism of action is unknown, t-Darpp has been shown to increase cellular proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. We have reported that trastuzumab-resistant BT.HerR cells that over-express endogenous t-Darpp are sensitized to EGFR inhibition in the presence (but not the absence) of trastuzumab. The purpose of the current study was to determine if t-Darpp might modulate sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors in trastuzumab-resistant cells. Using EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors AG1478, gefitinib and erlotinib, we found that trastuzumab-resistant SK.HerR cells were sensitized to EGFR inhibition, compared to SK-Br-3 controls, even in the absence of trastuzumab. t-Darpp knock-down in SK.HerR cells reversed their sensitivity to EGFR inhibition. Increased EGFR sensitivity was also noted in SK.tDp cells that stably over-express t-Darpp. High levels of synergy between trastuzumab and the EGFR inhibitors were observed in all cell lines with high t-Darpp expression. These cells also demonstrated more robust activation of EGFR signaling and showed greater EGFR stability than parental cells. The T75A phosphorylation mutant of t-Darpp did not confer sensitivity to EGFR inhibition nor activation of EGFR signaling. The over-expression of t-Darpp might facilitate enhanced EGFR signaling as part of the trastuzumab resistance phenotype. This study suggests that the presence of t-Darpp in HER2+ cancers might predict the enhanced response to dual HER2/EGFR targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C. Denny
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Susan E. Kane
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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198
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Crafter C, Vincent JP, Tang E, Dudley P, James NH, Klinowska T, Davies BR. Combining AZD8931, a novel EGFR/HER2/HER3 signalling inhibitor, with AZD5363 limits AKT inhibitor induced feedback and enhances antitumour efficacy in HER2-amplified breast cancer models. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:446-54. [PMID: 26095475 PMCID: PMC4501645 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling network is frequently de-regulated in breast cancer and has been shown to mediate resistance to anti-HER2 agents. Whilst constitutive activation of this pathway is emerging as a marker of sensitivity to various PI3K pathway inhibitors, activity of these agents in the clinic may be limited by the presence of feedback loops, leading to reactivation of receptor tyrosine kinases, such as HER2/HER3. To determine whether inhibition of HER2 could increase the efficacy of AZD5363, a novel AKT inhibitor, a panel of breast cancer cells was dosed with AZD5363 in combination with AZD8931, an inhibitor of EGFR/HER2/HER3 signalling. We show that the combined treatment resulted in synergistic growth inhibition and enhanced cell death, specifically in the HER2-amplified cell lines. Investigation of the mechanism by western blot analysis revealed that the addition of AZD8931 prevented the induction of HER2/HER3 phosphorylation induced by AZD5363 and resulted in concomitant inhibition of both the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK signalling pathways and induction of apoptosis. Using the HCC1954 xenograft model, which is resistant to trastuzumab, we show that the combination of AZD5363 and AZD8931 is more efficacious than either agent alone, resulting in profound tumour regressions. We conclude that the activity of AZD5363 in HER2-amplified breast cancer cells is enhanced by the addition of AZD8931 and that dual targeting of AKT and EGFR/HER2/HER3 signalling is an attractive treatment option to be explored in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Crafter
- Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - John P Vincent
- Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Eric Tang
- Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Phillippa Dudley
- Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Neil H James
- Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Teresa Klinowska
- Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Barry R Davies
- Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG, UK
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199
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Cordo Russo RI, Béguelin W, Díaz Flaqué MC, Proietti CJ, Venturutti L, Galigniana N, Tkach M, Guzmán P, Roa JC, O'Brien NA, Charreau EH, Schillaci R, Elizalde PV. Targeting ErbB-2 nuclear localization and function inhibits breast cancer growth and overcomes trastuzumab resistance. Oncogene 2015; 34:3413-28. [PMID: 25174405 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Membrane overexpression of ErbB-2/HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase (membrane ErbB-2 (MErbB-2)) has a critical role in breast cancer (BC). We and others have also shown the role of nuclear ErbB-2 (NErbB-2) in BC, whose presence we identified as a poor prognostic factor in MErbB-2-positive tumors. Current anti-ErbB-2 therapies, as with the antibody trastuzumab (Ttzm), target only MErbB-2. Here, we found that blockade of NErbB-2 action abrogates growth of BC cells, sensitive and resistant to Ttzm, in a scenario in which ErbB-2, ErbB-3 and Akt are phosphorylated, and ErbB-2/ErbB-3 dimers are formed. Also, inhibition of NErbB-2 presence suppresses growth of a preclinical BC model resistant to Ttzm. We showed that at the cyclin D1 promoter, ErbB-2 assembles a transcriptional complex with Stat3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and ErbB-3, another member of the ErbB family, which reveals the first nuclear function of ErbB-2/ErbB-3 dimer. We identified NErbB-2 as the major proliferation driver in Ttzm-resistant BC, and demonstrated that Ttzm inability to disrupt the Stat3/ErbB-2/ErbB-3 complex underlies its failure to inhibit growth. Furthermore, our results in the clinic revealed that nuclear interaction between ErbB-2 and Stat3 correlates with poor overall survival in primary breast tumors. Our findings challenge the paradigm of anti-ErbB-2 drug design and highlight NErbB-2 as a novel target to overcome Ttzm resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Synergism
- Female
- Genes, Dominant/physiology
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Mutant Proteins/pharmacology
- Mutant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Protein Isoforms/pharmacology
- Protein Isoforms/therapeutic use
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-2/physiology
- Trastuzumab
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Cordo Russo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - W Béguelin
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M C Díaz Flaqué
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Venturutti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Galigniana
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Tkach
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Guzmán
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - J C Roa
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - N A O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E H Charreau
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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200
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Abstract
Targeted treatment of cancer with monoclonal antibodies has added to the beneficial outcome of patients. In an attempt to improve anti-tumor activity of monoclonal antibodies, multi-specific antibodies have entered the research arena. To date, only a few multi-specific constructs have entered phase III clinical trials, in contrast to classical monoclonal antibodies, which are the standard first-line therapy in several tumor entities. In this review, we will assess selected multi-specific antibodies in pre-clinical and clinical development that may be new treatment options for cancer patients in the very near future. We will further evaluate therapy modalities including the timely distribution or the combination of various therapeutic approaches and assess the potential role of multi-specific antibodies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron D Jachimowicz
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Innate Immunity Group, University Hospital Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Str. 9, 50937, Cologne, Germany,
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