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Secreted proteases: A new insight in the pathogenesis of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. Int J Med Microbiol 2019; 309:159-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Haddadin RN, Assaf AM, Homsi A, Collier PJ, Shehabi A. Investigating possible association between multidrug resistance and isolate origin with some virulence factors of Escherichia coli strains isolated from infant faeces and fresh green vegetables. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:88-98. [PMID: 31034123 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, the association between multidrug resistance (MDR) and the expression of some virulence factors were evaluated in Escherichia coli strains isolated from infant faeces and fresh green vegetables. The effect of isolate origin on associated virulence factors was evaluated. In addition, genetic fingerprinting of a sample of these isolates (10 isolates from each group) was studied in order to detect any genetic relatedness among these isolates. METHODS AND RESULTS Escherichia coli isolates were divided into four groups based on their origin (human faeces or plant) and their antibiotic resistance (multiresistance or susceptible). PCR was used to investigate heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxin genes, and four siderophore genes (aerobactin, enterobactin, salmochelin and yersiniabactin). Genetic fingerprinting of the isolates was performed using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR. Siderophore production was measured by a colorimetric method. Biofilm formation was evaluated by a crystal violet assay. The results of the study showed that the expression of MDR is not significantly associated with an increase in these virulence factors or with biofilm formation. However, the origin of isolates had a significant association with siderophore gene availability and consequently on the concentrations of siderophores released. Genetic fingerprinting indicated that human and plant isolates have the same clonal origin, suggesting their circulation among humans and plants. CONCLUSION Antibiotic-susceptible strains of E. coli may be as virulent as MDR strains. Results also suggest that the environment can play a potential role in selection of strains with specific virulence factors. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Antibiotic-susceptible isolates of Escherichia coli from plant or human origin can be as virulent as the multidrug resistance (MDR) ones. Genetic relatedness was detected among the isolates of plant and human origin, indicating the circulation of these bacteria among human and plants. This could imply a potential role for environmental antimicrobial resistant bacteria in human infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Haddadin
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - A M Assaf
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - A Homsi
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - A Shehabi
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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153
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Costa B, Mota R, Parreira P, Tamagnini P, L Martins MC, Costa F. Broad-Spectrum Anti-Adhesive Coating Based on an Extracellular Polymer from a Marine Cyanobacterium. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040243. [PMID: 31022915 PMCID: PMC6520837 DOI: 10.3390/md17040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical device-associated infections are a major health threat, representing about half of all hospital-acquired infections. Current strategies to prevent this problem based on device coatings with antimicrobial compounds (antibiotics or antiseptics) have proven to be insufficient, often toxic, and even promoting bacterial resistance. Herein, we report the development of an infection-preventive coating (CyanoCoating) produced with an extracellular polymer released by the marine cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. CCY 0110. CyanoCoating was prepared by spin-coating and its bacterial anti-adhesive efficiency was evaluated against relevant etiological agents (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and platelets, both in the presence or absence of human plasma proteins. CyanoCoating cytotoxicity was assessed using the L929 fibroblasts cell line. CyanoCoating exhibited a smooth topography, low thickness and high hydrophilic properties with mild negative charge. The non-cytotoxic CyanoCoating prevented adhesion of all the bacteria tested (≤80%) and platelets (<87%), without inducing platelet activation (even in the presence of plasma proteins). The significant reduction in protein adsorption (<77%) confirmed its anti-adhesive properties. The development of this anti-adhesive coating is an important step towards the establishment of a new technological platform capable of preventing medical device-associated infections, without inducing thrombus formation in blood-contacting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Costa
- i3S⁻Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB⁻Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rita Mota
- i3S⁻Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- IBMC⁻Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula Parreira
- i3S⁻Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB⁻Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paula Tamagnini
- i3S⁻Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- IBMC⁻Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - M Cristina L Martins
- i3S⁻Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB⁻Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- ICBAS⁻Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fabíola Costa
- i3S⁻Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
- INEB⁻Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Terahara F, Nishiura H. Fluoroquinolone consumption and Escherichia coli resistance in Japan: an ecological study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:426. [PMID: 31014305 PMCID: PMC6480435 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency of antimicrobial resistance has steadily increased worldwide, induced by inappropriate use of antibiotics in a variety of settings. We analyzed the ecological correlation between fluoroquinolone consumption and levofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli in Japan. METHODS We collected information on cases of E. coli resistant to levofloxacin in 2015-2016 in all 47 prefectures from the Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system. Information on fluoroquinolone consumption was obtained from pharmaceutical sales data. To address potential confounding, we also collected information on the number of physicians, nurses, and medical facilities per 100,000 individuals. RESULTS We identified higher fluoroquinolone consumption and higher resistance in western prefectures, and lower consumption and resistance in eastern prefectures. Multivariate analysis identified a positive correlation between fluoroquinolone consumption and levofloxacin resistance in both 2015 and 2016. CONCLUSIONS Fluoroquinolone consumption and levofloxacin-resistant E. coli are potentially associated on a nationwide scale. The relationship between the two must be elucidated using additional studies with different epidemiological designs, so that any possible counter-measures, including alternative prescription, can be considered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Terahara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-8638 Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishiura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-8638 Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012 Japan
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Mukheem A, Shahabuddin S, Akbar N, Miskon A, Muhamad Sarih N, Sudesh K, Ahmed Khan N, Saidur R, Sridewi N. Boron Nitride Doped Polyhydroxyalkanoate/Chitosan Nanocomposite for Antibacterial and Biological Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E645. [PMID: 31010071 PMCID: PMC6523564 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present research focused on the fabrication of biocompatible polyhydroxyalkanoate, chitosan, and hexagonal boron nitride incorporated (PHA/Ch-hBN) nanocomposites through a simple solvent casting technique. The fabricated nanocomposites were comprehensively characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), field emission scanning electroscope (FESEM), and elemental mapping and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antibacterial activity of nanocomposites were investigated through time-kill method against multi drug resistant (MDR) microbes such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) K1 strains. In addition, nanocomposites have examined for their host cytotoxicity abilities using a Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay against spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell lines. The results demonstrated highly significant antibacterial activity against MDR organisms and also significant cell viability as compared to the positive control. The fabricated PHA/Ch-hBN nanocomposite demonstrated effective antimicrobial and biocompatibility properties that would feasibly suit antibacterial and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Mukheem
- Department of Maritime Science and Technology, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Syed Shahabuddin
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Akbar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Azizi Miskon
- Department of Maritime Science and Technology, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
| | - Norazilawati Muhamad Sarih
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Faculty of Science, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Kumar Sudesh
- Applied Microbiology and Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Rahman Saidur
- Research Centre for Nano-Materials and Energy Technology (RCNMET), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
- Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK.
| | - Nanthini Sridewi
- Department of Maritime Science and Technology, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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Efficiency of Single Phage Suspensions and Phage Cocktail in the Inactivation of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium: An In Vitro Preliminary Study. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7040094. [PMID: 30935094 PMCID: PMC6518180 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterobacteriaceae Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains are among the main pathogens responsible for moderate and serious infections at hospital and community environments, in part because they frequently present resistance to antibiotics. As the treatment of Enterobacteriaceae infections is empiric, using the same antibiotics to treat E. coli and Salmonella infections, the same concept can be applied with phages. The use of different phages combined in cocktails, frequently used to circumvent the development of phage-resistant mutants, also allows for the treatment of multiple pathogens, broadening the phages’ action spectrum. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a cocktail of two phages (ELY-1, produced on E. coli and phSE-5, produced on S. Typhimurium) to control E. coli and S. Typhimurium. Phages ELY-1 and phSE-5 were effective against E. coli (maximum reductions of 4.5 and 3.8 log CFU/mL, respectively), S. Typhimurium (maximum reductions of 2.2 and 2.6 log CFU/mL, respectively), and the mixture of both bacteria (maximum reductions of 2.2 and 2.0 log CFU/mL, respectively). The cocktail ELY-1/phSE-5 was more effective against S. Typhimurium and the mixture of both bacteria (maximum reduction of 3.2 log CFU/mL for both) than the single phage suspensions and as effective against E. coli as its specific phage ELY-1 (maximum reductions of 4.5 log CFU/mL). The use of both the phage cocktails, as well as the single-phage suspensions, however, did not prevent the occurrence of phage-resistant mutants. Overall, the results indicate that the application of the phages in the form of a cocktail show their potential to be used presumptively, that is, prior to the identification of the pathogens, paving its use to control E. coli or S. Typhimurium.
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157
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Alizade H, Hosseini Teshnizi S, Azad M, Shojae S, Gouklani H, Davoodian P, Ghanbarpour R. An overview of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 24:23. [PMID: 31007693 PMCID: PMC6450139 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_256_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a common enteric pathogen that causes a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal infections, particularly in developing countries. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of DEC in various geographical regions in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS English (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) and Persian (IranMedex, SID, Magiran, and Iran Doc) databases were comprehensively searched from January 1990 to April 2017. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. After assessing heterogeneity among studies, a random effects model was applied to estimate pooled prevalence. Data analyses were done with the Stata software (version 12.0). This meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017070411. RESULTS A total of 73 studies with 18068 isolates were eligible for inclusion within the meta-analysis. The results of random effects model showed that the most prevalent DEC pathotypes were enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (16%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11%-23%), enteroaggregative E. coli (11%; 95% CI: 8%-15%), atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (11%; 95% CI: 8%-14%), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (9%; 95% CI: 6%-13%), diffuse adherent E. coli (6%; 95% CI: 6%-12%), enteroinvasive E. coli (4%; 95% CI: 2%-6%), and typical EPEC (3%; 95% CI: 1%-5%). CONCLUSION This study showed that DEC infections in the Iranian population have low frequency. Our data suggest that the ETEC pathotype can be regarded as one of the most important etiological agents of diarrhea in this country. However, the prevalence of DEC pathotypes is diverse in different regions of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Alizade
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Azad
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Saeed Shojae
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hamed Gouklani
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Parivash Davoodian
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanbarpour
- Molecular Microbiology Research Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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158
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Bhola J, Bhadekar R. Invitro synergistic activity of lactic acid bacteria against multi-drug resistant staphylococci. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:70. [PMID: 30890126 PMCID: PMC6425562 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Multi-drug resistance in microorganisms is a serious problem at national as well as at a global level. Many researches have suggested alternatives to antibiotics with minimal or no major side effects. LAB is one of the most human-friendly probiotic strains known to mankind from times immemorial. With the objective to deal with progressing antibiotic resistance among microorganisms, the present work demonstrates the inhibitory activity of LAB consortium against MDR clinical isolates. Methods Total of nine hospital isolates of staphylococci were obtained and distinguished as S.aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) based on their ability to ferment mannitol and form clumping with citrated plasma. All the test organisms were tested for antibiotic sensitivity with HiMedia (India) Octadisc Combi 92. Sets of L .plantarum, L .acidophilus and L.casei var. rhamnosus were prepared and tested against a standard culture of S.aureus NCIM 2129 by agar well diffusion method. To identify the primary source of substances responsible for inhibitory action, whole broth, cell-free supernatant, and cell lysate was prepared from the above-mentioned set. These were tested for their inhibitory action initially against standard S.aureus NCIM 2127, followed by clinical isolates. Results The antibiotic sensitivity profile revealed that all clinical isolates were multi-drug resistant. The maximum inhibitory potential was seen in a combination of the three LAB in the ratio 1:1:1. Highest antagonistic activity was observed with whole broth and cell lysate of LAB consortium. In liquid broth assay, the cell lysate of LAB consortium astoundingly exhibited up to 85% inhibition of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus isolates. Conclusions Our results suggest antagonistic role of LAB metabolites against methicillin resistant staphylococci.
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159
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Duchesne R, Castagnet S, Maillard K, Petry S, Cattoir V, Giard JC, Leon A. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of equine clinical isolates from France, 2006-2016. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 19:144-153. [PMID: 30880244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyse antimicrobial susceptibility evolution of equine pathogens isolated from clinical samples from 2006-2016. METHODS A collection of 25 813 bacterial isolates was studied, clustered according to their origins (respiratory tract, cutaneous, genital and other), and analysed for their antimicrobial susceptibility using the disk diffusion method. RESULTS The most frequently isolated pathogens were group C Streptococci (27.6%), Escherichia coli (20.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.0%), Enterobacter spp. (3.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2.4%), and Rhodococcus equi (1.8%). Of the isolates, 9512 were from respiratory samples (36.8%), 7689 from genital origin (29.8%), and 4083 from cutaneous samples (15.8%). Over the 11-year period, the frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains fluctuated between 6.4-20.4% for group C Streptococci and 17-37.7% for Klebsiella pneumoniae. From 2006-2009, 24.5-43.0% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were MDR; after 2009 the level did not exceeded 27.6%. For Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp., these levels were mostly >30.0% until 2012, but significantly decreased thereafter (22.5-26.3%). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first large-scale analysis of equine pathogens, by the number of samples and duration of study. The results showed high levels of MDR strains and the need to support veterinary antimicrobial stewardship to encourage proper use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Duchesne
- LABÉO Frank Duncombe, 14053 Caen, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, U2RM, 14033 Caen, France
| | - Sophie Castagnet
- LABÉO Frank Duncombe, 14053 Caen, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, U2RM, 14033 Caen, France
| | | | - Sandrine Petry
- ANSES, Dozulé Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Bacteriology Unit, 14430 Goustranville, France
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- University Hospital of Rennes, Department of Clinical Microbiology, 35033 Rennes, France; National Reference Center for Antimicrobial Resistance (lab Enterococci), 35033 Rennes, France
| | | | - Albertine Leon
- LABÉO Frank Duncombe, 14053 Caen, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, U2RM, 14033 Caen, France.
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160
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Bruer GG, Hagedorn P, Kietzmann M, Tohamy AF, Filor V, Schultz E, Mielke-Kuschow S, Meissner J. Histamine H 1 receptor antagonists enhance the efficacy of antibacterials against Escherichia coli. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:55. [PMID: 30744618 PMCID: PMC6371457 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background H1 receptor antagonists are commonly used for the treatment of allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to find out, if antihistaminic compounds like mepyramine have the ability to influence the activity of antibacterials. Therefore, the checkerboard method was chosen to detect these possible effects in vitro. Studies were performed with two different Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains as test microbes, treated with antibacterials in combination with mepyramine. Results The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of E. coli ATCC® 25922™ and E. coli PIG 01 was reduced by combinations of the tested antibacterials with mepyramine. Conclusions These results have to be confirmed in vivo, before the use of antihistamines should be considered as potential way to minimize the amount of used antibacterials for treatment of E. coli infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Bruer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
| | - P Hagedorn
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Kietzmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - A F Tohamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - V Filor
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Schultz
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Mielke-Kuschow
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Meissner
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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Doaa SM, Eman FA, Rehab MAEB. Molecular characterization of silver resistant E. coli strains isolated from patients suffering from diarrhea. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2019; 13:91-98. [DOI: 10.5897/ajmr2018.8981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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162
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Yousfi K, Touati A, Lefebvre B, Garneau P, Brahmi S, Gharout-Sait A, Harel J, Bekal S. Characterization of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli isolated from hospitals effluents: first report of a bla OXA-48-like in Klebsiella oxytoca, Algeria. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 50:175-183. [PMID: 30637660 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-018-0010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic susceptibility profile and antimicrobial resistance determinants were characterized on Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from Algerian hospital effluents. Among the 94 isolates, Enterobacteriaceae was the predominant family, with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most isolated species. In non-Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter and Aeromonas were the predominant species followed by Pseudomonas, Comamonas, Pasteurella, and Shewanella spp. The majority of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and carried different antimicrobial resistance genes including blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA-48-like, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-51, qnrB, qnrS, tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), dfrA1, aac(3)-IIc (aacC2), aac(6')-1b, sul1, and sul2. The qacEΔ1-sul1 and intI2 signatures of class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively, were also detected. Microarray hybridization on MDR E. coli revealed additional resistance genes (aadA1 and aph3strA, tet30, mphA, dfrA12, blacmy2, blaROB1, and cmlA1) and classified the tested strains as commensals, thus highlighting the potential role of humans in antibiotic resistance dissemination. This study is the first report of blaOXA-48-like in Klebsiella oxytoca in Algeria and blaOXA-23 in A. baumannii in Algerian hospital effluents. The presence of these bacteria and resistance genes in hospital effluents represents a serious public health concern since they can be disseminated in the environment and can colonize other hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadidja Yousfi
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Béjaia, 06000, Béjaia, Algeria.,Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3R5, Canada
| | - Abdelaziz Touati
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Béjaia, 06000, Béjaia, Algeria
| | - Brigitte Lefebvre
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3R5, Canada
| | - Philippe Garneau
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Soumia Brahmi
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Béjaia, 06000, Béjaia, Algeria
| | - Alima Gharout-Sait
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Béjaia, 06000, Béjaia, Algeria
| | - Josée Harel
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie Porcine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Sadjia Bekal
- Laboratoire de santé publique du Québec, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3R5, Canada. .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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163
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Engineering and modification of microbial chassis for systems and synthetic biology. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2018; 4:25-33. [PMID: 30560208 PMCID: PMC6290258 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering and modifying synthetic microbial chassis is one of the best ways not only to unravel the fundamental principles of life but also to enhance applications in the health, medicine, agricultural, veterinary, and food industries. The two primary strategies for constructing a microbial chassis are the top-down approach (genome reduction) and the bottom-up approach (genome synthesis). Research programs on this topic have been funded in several countries. The ‘Minimum genome factory’ (MGF) project was launched in 2001 in Japan with the goal of constructing microorganisms with smaller genomes for industrial use. One of the best examples of the results of this project is E. coli MGF-01, which has a reduced-genome size and exhibits better growth and higher threonine production characteristics than the parental strain [1]. The ‘cell factory’ project was carried out from 1998 to 2002 in the Fifth Framework Program of the EU (European Union), which tried to comprehensively understand microorganisms used in the application field. One of the outstanding results of this project was the elucidation of proteins secreted by Bacillus subtilis, which was summarized as the ‘secretome’ [2]. The GTL (Genomes to Life) program began in 2002 in the United States. In this program, researchers aimed to create artificial cells both in silico and in vitro, such as the successful design and synthesis of a minimal bacterial genome by John Craig Venter's group [3]. This review provides an update on recent advances in engineering, modification and application of synthetic microbial chassis, with particular emphasis on the value of learning about chassis as a way to better understand life and improve applications.
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164
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Lopes A, Pereira C, Almeida A. Sequential Combined Effect of Phages and Antibiotics on the Inactivation of Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 2018; 6:E125. [PMID: 30563133 PMCID: PMC6313441 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6040125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a global concern. The use of bacteriophages (or phages) alone or combined with antibiotics is consolidating itself as an alternative approach to inactivate antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, phage-resistant mutants have been considered as a major threat when phage treatment is employed. Escherichia coli is one of the main responsible pathogens for moderate and serious infections in hospital and community environments, being involved in the rapid evolution of fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined treatments of phages and antibiotics in the inactivation of E. coli. For this, ciprofloxacin at lethal and sublethal concentrations was added at different times (0, 6, 12 and 18 h) and was tested in combination with the phage ELY-1 to inactivate E. coli. The efficacy of the combined treatment varied with the antibiotic concentration and with the time of antibiotic addition. The combined treatment prevented bacterial regrowth when the antibiotic was used at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and added after 6 h of phage addition, causing less bacterial resistance than phage and antibiotic applied alone (4.0 × 10-7 for the combined treatment, 3.9 × 10-6 and 3.4 × 10-5 for the antibiotics and the phages alone, respectively). Combined treatment with phage and antibiotic can be effective in reducing the bacterial density and it can also prevent the emergence of resistant variants. However, the antibiotic concentration and the time of antibiotic application are essential factors that need to be considered in the combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carla Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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165
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Al-Kandari F, Woodward MJ. Genotypic and phenotypic diversity differences of presumptive commensal and avian pathogenic E. coli. Br Poult Sci 2018; 60:79-86. [PMID: 30392387 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1544415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The objective of the experiment was to characterise the genotypic and phenotypic differences between presumptive commensal E. coli and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) of poultry. 2. DNA was extracted from 65 confirmed APEC E. coli from chicken, 100 presumptive commensal E. coli from healthy turkey and 35 from healthy chicken. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) and virulence factors genotyping was performed to characterise genetic features. 3. Carbon source utilisation and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed to characterise phenotypic features of isolates. 4. The genetic divergence between E. coli strains tested by ERIC-PCR profiles and virulence-associated genes showed a clear genetic separation between E. coli APEC and turkey E. coli strains. 5. The carbon utilisation profile of turkey isolates was different from chicken and APEC strains; whereas antimicrobial susceptibility was highest for turkey isolates (53%), and lowest for APEC strains (33.8%). 6. The study showed a significant negative correlation between utilisation of arabitol and adonitol with different virulence determinants tested, which suggests that the ability to utilise some uncommon carbon sources may be used to discriminate between presumptive commensal E. coli and APEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Al-Kandari
- a Department of Food and Nutrition Science, School of Chemistry , University of Reading , Reading , UK
| | - M J Woodward
- a Department of Food and Nutrition Science, School of Chemistry , University of Reading , Reading , UK
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166
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Fasugba O, Das A, Mnatzaganian G, Mitchell BG, Collignon P, Gardner A. Incidence of single-drug resistant, multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Escherichia coli urinary tract infections: An Australian laboratory-based retrospective study. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018; 16:254-259. [PMID: 30412781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of single-drug resistant, multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) Escherichia coli urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a sample of Australian Capital Territory (ACT) residents. METHODS Laboratory-based retrospective data from all ACT residents whose urine samples were processed from January 2009 to December 2013 at ACT Pathology were utilised. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to determine the associations of age, sex, urine sample source and socioeconomic status with risk of resistant infections. RESULTS A total of 146 915 urine samples from 57 837 ACT residents were identified over 5 years. The mean±standard deviation age of residents at first sample submitted was 48±26years, and 64.4% were female. The 5-year incidence of single-drug resistant E. coli UTI was high for ampicillin, trimethoprim and cefazolin (6.8%, 3.5% and 1.9%, respectively). No PDR E. coli UTI was detected. Five-year incidences of MDR and XDR E. coli UTIs were 1.9% and 0.2%, respectively, which is low in comparison with international rates. Female sex and age ≥38 years were significantly associated with single-drug and multidrug resistance. The risk of single-drug resistance was significantly higher in samples from after-hours general practice (GP) clinics compared with hospitals, office-hours GP clinics, and community and specialist health services (adjusted odds ratio=2.6, 95% confidence interval 2.2-3.1). CONCLUSIONS These findings have significant implications for antimicrobial prescribing given the identified risk factors for the detection of resistance, especially in patients attending after-hours GP clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyebola Fasugba
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Lifestyle Research Centre, Avondale College of Higher Education, Cooranbong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Anindita Das
- Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Pathology, Canberra Hospital and Health Services, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - George Mnatzaganian
- La Trobe Rural Health School, College of Science, Health and Engineering, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brett G Mitchell
- Faculty of Arts, Nursing and Theology, Avondale College of Higher Education, Wahroonga, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Collignon
- Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Pathology, Canberra Hospital and Health Services, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Medical School, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Anne Gardner
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
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167
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Kurnia RS, Indrawati A, Mayasari NLPI, Priadi A. Molecular detection of genes encoding resistance to tetracycline and determination of plasmid-mediated resistance to quinolones in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in Sukabumi, Indonesia. Vet World 2018; 11:1581-1586. [PMID: 30587892 PMCID: PMC6303495 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1581-1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to identify genes encoding resistance to tetracycline (TE) and plasmid-mediated resistance to quinolones in Escherichia coli isolates from clinical cases of avian colibacillosis in Sukabumi, Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 E. coli archive isolates were collected in 2013-2017 from clinical cases of avian colibacillosis in Sukabumi, Indonesia. All isolates were tested for TE and quinolone resistance using the disk diffusion method. TE -resistant E. coli isolates were screened for the presence of tet(A) and tet(B) genes by single polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The qnr(A), qnr(B), and qnr(S) genes were detected by multiplex PCR in quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates. RESULTS Result of this study shows that 19 of 25 (76%) E. coli isolates are resistant to oxytetracycline and 64% are resistant to TE; among them, 63.2% and 31.5% were positive tet(A) and tet(B), respectively. 13 out of 25 (52%) are resistant to ciprofloxacin and 36% are resistant to enrofloxacin either norfloxacin; among them, 61.6% were positive qnr(A), 7.7% were positive qnr(B), 23% were positive qnr(S), and 7.7% were positive both of qnr(A) and qnr(S). CONCLUSION This study shows that a few pathogens of E. coli are resistant to TE and quinolone. The frequency of tet and qnr genes that are responsible for this resistance among avian pathogenic E. coli isolates in Sukabumi, Indonesia, was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Septa Kurnia
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Indonesia
| | - Agustin Indrawati
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Indonesia
| | - Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari
- Department of Animal Disease and Veterinary Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Indonesia
| | - Adin Priadi
- Animal Health Diagnostic Unit, PT Medika Satwa Laboratories, West Java, Indonesia
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168
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MacKinnon MC, Pearl DL, Carson CA, Parmley EJ, McEwen SA. A comparison of modelling options to assess annual variation in susceptibility of generic Escherichia coli isolates to ceftiofur, ampicillin and nalidixic acid from retail chicken meat in Canada. Prev Vet Med 2018; 160:123-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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169
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Aashima, Pandey SK, Singh S, Mehta SK. Biocompatible gadolinium oxide nanoparticles as efficient agent against pathogenic bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 529:496-504. [PMID: 29945019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The inappropriate and surfeit use of antibiotics have generated a hunt for safe and alternative antimicrobial agents against pathogenic bacteria. With the advancement in nanoscience and nanotechnology, promising opportunities for examining the bacterial effect of metal nanoparticles were demonstrated in literature. Focusing on this, our present study presentssynthesis of l-ascorbic coated gadolinium oxide nanoparticles via a simple precipitation route. Their complete characterization and detailed stability studies were carried out. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, confirming that l-ascorbic acid onto the surface of nanoparticles. The size and morphology were analyzed by Transmission electron Microcopy (TEM) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) which reveals their spherical nature. The stability studies were performed to know about their chemical and colloidal stability. The synthesized nanoparticles were found to be non-toxic to HaCaT cells upto the concentration of 125 µg/mL. The antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles was analyzed against three bacterial strains; E. coli, S. aureus and S. typhimurium. To summarize, the synthesized nanoparticles are found to be safe and protective against pathogenic bacteria. They further can be explored in biomedical applications considering their non-toxic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aashima
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Satish Kumar Pandey
- CSIR - Central Scientific Instruments Organization, Sector-30, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Suman Singh
- CSIR - Central Scientific Instruments Organization, Sector-30, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - S K Mehta
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
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170
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Li P, Lin H, Mi Z, Tong Y, Wang J. vB_EcoS_IME347 a novel T1-like Escherichia coli bacteriophage. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 58:968-976. [PMID: 30146706 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Advances in phage therapy and its application require more information on phage genome characteristics and host-phage interaction mechanisms. In this study, a so far unknown T1-like Escherichia coli phage was identified and named vB_EcoS_IME347 (IME347). The genome length of phage IME347 is 50,048 bp with a G + C content of 49.7%. BLASTn alignment showed that the phage has its highest homology (identity 78%, query cover 72%) with phage SRT8 (GenBank: MF996376). Electron microscopy showed that phage IME347 has an icosahedral head and a long non-contractiled tail, features of the family Siphoviridae. Phylogenetic analysis of the large subunit of the terminal enzyme and tail fiber protein revealed that phage IME347 is a novel member of the T1 virus. Furthermore, through comparative genomics, silencing mutation, phage spotting assay, and phage adsorption assay, an E. coli BL21 TonB-dependent receptor YncD was identified to be responsible for phage IME347 adsorption and entry. The identification of the phage receptor YncD enriches the phage receptor database and provides a theoretical basis for bacteriophage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Food Safety Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Food Safety Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiqiang Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yigang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxue Wang
- Food Safety Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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171
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Mohammadi S, Jazani NH, Kouhkan M, Babaganjeh LA. Antibacterial effects of microbial synthesized silver-copper nanoalloys on Escherichia coli, Burkholderia cepacia, Listeria monocytogenes and Brucella abortus. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 10:171-179. [PMID: 30112155 PMCID: PMC6087701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Bacterial resistance is an emerging public health problem worldwide. Metallic nanoparticles and nanoalloys open a promising field due to their excellent antimicrobial effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of Ag-Cu nanoalloys, which were biosynthesized by Lactobacillus casei ATCC 39392, on some of the important bacterial pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Burkholderia cepacia, Listeria monocytogenes and Brucella abortus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ag-Cu nanoalloys were synthesized through the microbial reduction of AgNO3 and CuSO4 by Lactobacillus casei ATCC39392. Furthermore, they were characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis in order to investigate their chemical composition and morphological features, respectively. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of Ag-Cu nanoalloys were determined against each strain. The bactericidal test was conducted on the surface of MHA supplemented with 1, 0.1, and 0.01 μg/μL of the synthesized nanoalloy. The antimicrobial effects of synthesized nanoalloy were compared with ciprofloxacin, ampicillin and ceftazidime as positive controls. RESULTS Presence of different chemical functional groups, including N-H, C-H, C-N and C-O on the surface of Ag-Cu nanoalloys was recorded by FTIR. FESEM micrographs revealed uniformly distributed nanoparticles with spherical shape and size ranging from 50 to 100 nm. The synthesized Ag-Cu nanoalloys showed antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes PTCC 1298, E. coli ATCC 25922 and B. abortus vaccine strain. However, no antibacterial effects were observed against B. cepacia ATCC 25416. CONCLUSION According to the findings of the present research, the microbially synthesized Ag-Cu nanoalloy demonstrated antibacterial effects on the majority of the bacteria studied even at 0.01 μg/μL. However, complementary investigations should be conducted into the safety of this nanoalloy for in vivo or systemic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Mohammadi
- Students, Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nima Hosseini Jazani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mehri Kouhkan
- Faculty of Pharmacology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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172
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Voltammetric determination of the Escherichia coli DNA using a screen-printed carbon electrode modified with polyaniline and gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:217. [PMID: 29594544 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2749-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe an electrochemical assay for fast detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). It is based on a dual signal amplification strategy and the use of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) whose surface was modified with a polyaniline (PANI) film and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via cyclic voltammetry (CV). In the next step, avidin was covalently immobilized on the PANI/AuNP composite on the SPCE surface. Subsequently, the biotinylated DNA capture probe was immobilized onto the PANI/AuNP/avidin-modified SPCE by biotin-avidin interaction. Then, DNA of E.coli, digoxigenin-labeled DNA detector probe and anti-digoxigenin-labeled horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were placed on the electrode. 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and H2O2 solution were added and the CV electrochemical signal was generated at a potential of -0.1 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) and a scan rate 50 mV.s-1. The assay can detect 4 × 106 to 4 CFU of E. coli without DNA amplification. The biosensor is highly specific over other pathogens including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It can be concluded that this genosensor has an excellent potential for rapid and accurate diagnosis of E.coli inflicted infections. Graphical Abstract Schematic of an electrochemical E. coli genosensor based on sandwich assay on a polyaniline/gold nanoparticle-modified screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The biosensor can detect 4 × 106 to 4 CFU of E. coli without DNA amplification.
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173
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Kieckens E, Rybarczyk J, Cox E, Vanrompay D. Antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities of bovine lactoferrin against Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in cattle. Biometals 2018; 31:321-330. [PMID: 29442205 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a zoonotic pathogen that causes food-borne disease in humans ranging from watery diarrhea to bloody diarrhea and severe hemorrhagic colitis, renal failure and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Cattle, the most important source of E. coli O157:H7 transmission to humans, harbor the bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract without showing clinical symptoms. Prevention of E. coli O157:H7 infections in ruminants could diminish the public health risk. However, there is no specific treatment available nor a vaccine or a therapeutic agent which completely prevents E. coli O157:H7 infections in cattle. This paper provides an overview of latest research data on eradicating enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 in ruminants by use of bovine lactoferrin administration. The article provides insights into the anti-microbial and immunomodulatory activities of bovine lactoferrin against E. coli O157:H7 infections in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Kieckens
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joanna Rybarczyk
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eric Cox
- Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Daisy Vanrompay
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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174
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Nahar A, Awasthi SP, Hatanaka N, Okuno K, Hoang PH, Hassan J, Hinenoya A, Yamasaki S. Prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in domestic and imported chicken meats in Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:510-517. [PMID: 29434117 PMCID: PMC5880835 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) in retail chicken meats in Japan. Fifty-six domestic and 50 imported (Brazil, n=36; United States, n=8; Thailand, n=6) chicken meat samples were analyzed. The 162 ESBL-Ec included 111 from 43 (77%) domestic samples and 51 from 26 (52%) Brazilian samples. Fifty-three and 30 of 111 and 51 ESBL-Ec from domestic and Brazilian chickens, respectively, were selected for ESBL genotyping. The blaCTX-M (91%), blaTEM (36%) and blaSHV (15%) genes were detected in ESBL-Ec isolated from domestic chickens, whereas blaCTX-M (100%) and blaTEM (20%) were detected in ESBL-Ec isolated from imported chickens. Among the blaCTX-M group, blaCTX-M-2 (45%) and blaCTX-M-1 (34%) were prevalent in domestic chicken isolates, whereas blaCTX-M-2 (53%) and blaCTX-M-8 (43%) were prevalent in imported chicken isolates. Domestic chicken isolates were mostly resistant to tetracycline (83%), followed by streptomycin (70%) and nalidixic acid (62%). Imported chicken isolates were resistant to streptomycin (77%), followed by nalidixic acid (63%) and tetracycline (57%). Notably, extensive multidrug resistance was detected in 60% (32/53) and 70% (21/30) ESBL-Ec from domestic and imported chickens, respectively. Virulence genes associated with diarrheagenic and extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli were detected in ESBL-Ec isolated from domestic and imported chickens. These data suggest that ESBL-Ec in retail chicken meats could be a potential reservoir for antimicrobial resistance determinants and that some are potentially harmful to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azimun Nahar
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Sharda Prasad Awasthi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Hatanaka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okuno
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Phuong Hoai Hoang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.,Present address: The Southern Regional Testing Center for Food Safety, Institute of Public Health in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Jayedul Hassan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hinenoya
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
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175
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Nairoukh YR, Mahafzah AM, Irshaid A, Shehabi AA. Molecular Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Uropathogenic E. Coli Isolates from Jordanian Patients. Open Microbiol J 2018; 12:1-7. [PMID: 29456773 PMCID: PMC5806174 DOI: 10.2174/1874285801812010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emergence of multi-drug resistant uropathogenic E. coli strains is an increasing problem to empirical treatment of urinary tract infections in many countries. This study investigated the magnitude of this problem in Jordan. Methods A total of 262 E. coli isolates were recovered from urine samples of Jordanian patients which were suspected to have urinary tract infections (UTIs). All isolates were primarily identified by routine biochemical tests and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by disc diffusion method. Fifty representative Multidrug Resistance (MDR) E. coli isolates to 3 or more antibiotic classes were tested for the presence of resistance genes of blaCTX-M- 1, 9 and 15, carbapenemase (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM-1, blaOXA-48), fluoroquinolones mutated genes (parC and gyrA) and clone of ST131 type using PCR methods. Results A total of 150/262 (57.3%) of E. coli isolates were MDR. Urine samples of hospitalized patients showed significantly more MDR isolates than outpatients. Fifty representative MDR E. coli isolates indicated the following molecular characteristics: All were positive for mutated parC gene and gyrA and for ST131 clone, and 78% were positive for genes of CTX-M-15, 76% for CTX-M-I and for 8% CTX-M-9, respectively. Additionally, all 50 MDR E. coli isolates were negative for carbapenemase genes (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM-1, blaOXA-48), except of one isolate was positive for blaKPC-2 . Conclusion This study indicates alarming high rates recovery of MDR uropathogenic E. coli from Jordanian patients associated with high rates of positive ST131 clone, fluoroquinolone resistant and important types of blaCTX-M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacoub R Nairoukh
- Department of Pathology-Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Azmi M Mahafzah
- Department of Pathology-Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amal Irshaid
- Department of Pathology-Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Asem A Shehabi
- Department of Pathology-Microbiology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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176
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Kelgenbaeva Z, Abdullaeva Z, Murzubraimov B. Solvothermal synthesis of Au@Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles for antibacterial applications. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201817701002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present Au@Fe3O4 nanoparticles obtained from Fe nanoparticles and HAuCl4 using a simple solvothermal method. Trisodium citrate (C6H5Na3O7*2H2O) served as a reducing agent for Au. X-ray diffraction analysis, electronic microscopes and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed cubic structure, elemental composition (Au, Fe and O) and spherical shape of nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity of the sample was tested against E. coli bacteria and obtained results were discussed.
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177
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New insights into resistance to colistin and third-generation cephalosporins of Escherichia coli in poultry, Portugal: Novel bla CTX-M-166 and bla ESAC genes. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 263:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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178
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A Cohort Study of Risk Factors That Influence Empirical Treatment of Patients with Acute Pyelonephritis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.01317-17. [PMID: 28971876 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01317-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to compare community-acquired acute pyelonephritis (CA-APN) with health care-associated acute pyelonephritis (HCA-APN), describe the outcomes, and identify variables that could predict antimicrobial susceptibility. We conducted an observational study that included all consecutive episodes of acute pyelonephritis (APN) in adults during 2014 at a Spanish university hospital. From each episode, demographic data, comorbidities, clinical presentation, microbiological data, antimicrobial therapy, and outcome were recorded. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed to define the variables associated with antimicrobial resistance. A total of 607 patients, 503 (82.9%) with CA-APN and 104 (17.1%) with HCA-APN, were included in the study. Patients with HCA-APN were older than patients with CA-APN (70.4 versus 50.6 years; P < 0.001) and had higher rates of previous urinary tract infections (UTIs) (56.5% versus 24.5%; P < 0.001) and previous antibiotic use (56.8% versus 22.8%; P < 0.001). Escherichia coli was more frequently isolated from patients with CA-APN than from patients with HCA-APN (79.9% versus 50.5%; P < 0.001). The rates of resistance of Escherichia coli strains from CA-APN patients versus HCA-APN patients were as follows: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 22.4% versus 53.2% (P = 0.001); cefuroxime, 7.7% versus 43.5% (P = 0.001); cefotaxime, 4.3% versus 32.6% (P < 0.001); ciprofloxacin, 22.8% versus 74.5% (P < 0.001); and co-trimoxazole, 34.5% versus 58.7% (P = 0.003). The site of acquisition, recurrent UTIs, and previous antibiotic use were independent risk factors for antimicrobial resistance. Relapse rates were significantly higher when definitive antimicrobial treatment was not adequate (37.1% versus 9.3% when definitive antimicrobial treatment was adequate; P < 0.001). Our study reflects the rise of resistance to commonly used antibiotics in acute pyelonephritis. In order to choose the adequate empirical antibiotic therapy, risk factors for resistance should be considered.
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179
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Córdoba G, Holm A, Hansen F, Hammerum AM, Bjerrum L. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli from patients with suspected urinary tract infection in primary care, Denmark. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:670. [PMID: 29017466 PMCID: PMC5635483 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen causing Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). Data from the current National Surveillance program in Denmark (DANMAP) may not accurately represent the prevalence of resistant E. coli in primary care, because only urine samples from complicated cases may be forwarded to the microbiological departments at hospitals for diagnostic examination. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of resistant E. coli to the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in primary care in a consecutive sample of patients from general practice. METHODS Observational study carried out from December 2014 to December 2015. Thirty-nine general practices from The Capital Region of Denmark included adult patients with urinary tract symptoms and suspected UTI. All urine samples were sent to the central laboratory Statens Serum Institut (SSI). Significant bacteriuria was interpreted according to the European Urinalysis Standards. Susceptibility testing was performed and interpreted according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) standards. RESULTS From the 39 general practices 505 patients were recruited. Completed data were obtained from 485 (96%) patients. According to the European Urinalysis Standards, 261 (54%) patients had positive bacteriuria. The most common uropathogen in patients with uncomplicated (uUTI) and complicated (cUTI) urinary tract infection was E. coli 105 (69%) and 76 (70%), respectively. Eighty-two (45%) of 181 E. coli isolates were resistant to at least one of the tested antibiotics and 50 out of 82 isolates were resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. The highest resistance-rate was found against ampicillin 34% (95% CI 24;42) in uUTI and 36% (24;46) in cUTI. There were no differences in the distribution of resistance between uncomplicated and complicated cases. The prevalence of resistance was similar to the one reported in DANMAP 2014. CONCLUSION In E. coli from uUTI there is high resistance rates to antimicrobial agents commonly used in primary care. There was no difference in the distribution of resistant E. coli in suspected uUTI vs cUTI. In Denmark, data from the National Surveillance program DANMAP can guide the decision for choice of antibiotic in patients with suspected UTI seeking care in primary care. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02249273 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Córdoba
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen; Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Holm
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen; Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frank Hansen
- Department for Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette M. Hammerum
- Department for Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Bjerrum
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen; Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Delbet JD, Lorrot M, Ulinski T. An update on new antibiotic prophylaxis and treatment for urinary tract infections in children. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017; 18:1619-1625. [PMID: 28954556 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1383383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This review focuses on the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) in children and in particular its recent changes. Areas covered: Acute pyelonephritis, acute cystitis and asymptomatic bacteriuria or asymptomatic infections have to be clearly distinguished. Prompt treatment is required in pyelonephritis and cystitis, but not in asymptomatic bacteriuria or infection, in order to avoid selection of more virulent strains. This concept should be considered even in immunocompromised or bedridden children. In case of pyelonephritis, there should be no delay in beginning the antibiotic treatment in order to decrease the risk of long term complication, such as renal scars. Predisposing conditions for UTI, such as voiding anomalies and urinary tract malformation should be carefully evaluated. Expert opinion: One major concern is the increasing resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins. Therefore overconsumption in low-risk settings should be absolutely avoided. The prevalence of infections with E. coli producing extended spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) is increasing and pediatricians should be aware about the specific treatment options. Any recommendation about (initial) antibiotic treatment should be regularly updated and adapted to local resistance profiles and to economic factors in different health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Daniel Delbet
- a Pediatric Nephrology Unit , Trousseau Hospital and DHU i2B Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy , Paris , France.,b University Pierre and Marie Curie , Paris , France
| | - Mathie Lorrot
- c General Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases , Armand Trousseau Hospital , Paris , France
| | - Tim Ulinski
- a Pediatric Nephrology Unit , Trousseau Hospital and DHU i2B Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy , Paris , France.,b University Pierre and Marie Curie , Paris , France
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181
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Escherichia coli early-onset sepsis: trends over two decades. Eur J Pediatr 2017; 176:1227-1234. [PMID: 28770413 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-017-2975-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Escherichia coli early-onset sepsis (EOS) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates, especially in preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) newborns. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential changes in the clinical and microbiological characteristics of E. coli EOS in our setting. Epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological data from all neonates with proven E. coli EOS from January 1994 to December 2014 were retrospectively collected in a single tertiary care hospital in Barcelona (Spain). Seventy-eight E. coli EOS cases were analyzed. A slight increase in the incidence of E. coli EOS was observed during the study period. VLBW newborns remained the group with higher incidence (10.4 cases per 1000 live births) and mortality (35.3%). Systematic use of PCR increased E. coli EOS diagnosis, mainly in the term newborn group. There was an increase in resistant E. coli strains causing EOS, with especially high resistance to ampicillin and gentamicin (92.8 and 28.6%, respectively). Nonetheless, resistant strains were not associated with poorer clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS There is an urgent need to reconsider the empirical therapy used in neonatal EOS, particularly in VLBW newborns. What is Known: • E. coli early-onset sepsis (EOS) and E. coli resistant strains have been described as overall stable but increasing in VLBW neonates (< 1.500 g) in previous studies. What is New: • Our study shows an increasing incidence of E. coli EOS in all age groups, overruling group B Streptoccocus for the last 10 years. E. coli resistant strains also increased equally in all age groups, with high resistance rates to our first line antibiotics (ampicillin and gentamicin). • Empiric antibiotic therapy of EOS, mainly in VLBW newborns, should be adapted to this new scenario.
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182
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Khoshnood S, Heidary M, Mirnejad R, Bahramian A, Sedighi M, Mirzaei H. Drug-resistant gram-negative uropathogens: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:982-994. [PMID: 28810536 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infection(UTI) caused by Gram-negative bacteria is the second most common infectious presentation in community medical practice. Approximately 150 million people are diagnosed with UTI each year worldwide. Drug resistance in Gram-negative uropathogens is a major global concern which can lead to poor clinical outcomes including treatment failure, development of bacteremia, requirement for intravenous therapy, hospitalization, and extended length of hospital stay. The mechanisms of drug resistance in these bacteria are important due to they are often not identified by routine susceptibility tests and have an exceptional potential for outbreaks. Treatment of UTIs depends on the access to effective drugs, which is now threatened by antibiotic resistant Gram-negative uropathogens. Although several effective antibiotics with activity against highly resistant Gram-negatives are available, there is not a unique antibiotic with activity against the high variety of resistance. Therefore, antimicrobial susceptibility tests, correlation between clinicians and laboratories, development of more rapid diagnostic methods, and continuous monitoring of drug resistance are urgent priorities. In this review, we will discuss about the current global status of drug-resistant Gram-negative uropathogens and their mechanisms of drug resistance to provide new insights into their treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Khoshnood
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Mirnejad
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aghil Bahramian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Sedighi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habibollah Mirzaei
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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183
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Vuthy Y, Lay KS, Seiha H, Kerleguer A, Aidara-Kane A. Antibiotic susceptibility and molecular characterization of resistance genes among Escherichia coli and among Salmonella subsp. in chicken food chains. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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184
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Yang N, Liu X, Teng D, Li Z, Wang X, Mao R, Wang X, Hao Y, Wang J. Antibacterial and detoxifying activity of NZ17074 analogues with multi-layers of selective antimicrobial actions against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3392. [PMID: 28611436 PMCID: PMC5469750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03664-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
NZ17074 (N1), an arenicin-3 derivative isolated from the lugworm, has potent antibacterial activity and is cytotoxic. To reduce its cytotoxicity, seven N1 analogues with different structures were designed by changing their disulfide bonds, hydrophobicity, or charge. The “rocket” analogue-N2 and the “kite” analogue-N6 have potent activity and showed lower cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 cells than N1. The NMR spectra revealed that N1, N2, and N6 adopt β-sheet structures stabilized by one or two disulfide bonds. N2 and N6 permeabilized the outer/inner membranes of E. coli, but did not permeabilize the inner membranes of S. enteritidis. N2 and N6 induced E. coli and S. enteritidis cell cycle arrest in the I-phase and R-phase, respectively. In E. coli and in S. enteritidis, 18.7–43.8% of DNA/RNA/cell wall synthesis and 5.7–61.8% of DNA/RNA/protein synthesis were inhibited by the two peptides, respectively. Collapsed and filamentous E. coli cells and intact morphologies of S. enteritidis cells were observed after treatment with the two peptides. Body weight doses from 2.5–7.5 mg/kg of N2 and N6 enhanced the survival rate of peritonitis- and endotoxemia-induced mice; reduced the serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels; and protected mice from lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. These data indicate that N2 and N6, through multiple selective actions, may be promising dual-function candidates as novel antimicrobial and anti-endotoxin peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China.,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuehui Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da Teng
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China.,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhanzhan Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China.,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ruoyu Mao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China.,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China.,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ya Hao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China.,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Gene Engineering Laboratory, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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185
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Mushtaq S, Khan JA, Rabbani F, Latif U, Arfan M, Yameen MA. Biocompatible biodegradable polymeric antibacterial nanoparticles for enhancing the effects of a third-generation cephalosporin against resistant bacteria. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:318-327. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Mushtaq
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Akbar Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Rabbani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Usman Latif
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arfan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arfat Yameen
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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186
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Extended-spectrum β-lactamase, shigatoxin and haemolysis capacity of O157 and non-O157 E. coli serotypes from producer-distributor bulk milk. Int Dairy J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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187
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Si A, Misra AK. Concise synthesis of the pyruvic acid acetal containing pentasaccharide repeating unit of the cell wall O-antigen of Escherichia coli O156. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07567g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pentasaccharide repeating unit of the cell wall O-antigen ofEscherichia coliO156 containing 4,6-O-(R)-pyruvate acetal was synthesized using stereoselective [2 + 3] block glycosylation in satisfactory yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshupriya Si
- Bose Institute
- Division of Molecular Medicine
- Kolkata 700054
- India
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188
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First Report of Group CTX-M-9 Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases in Escherichia coli Isolates from Pediatric Patients in Mexico. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168608. [PMID: 27992527 PMCID: PMC5167402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the presence of group CTX-M-9 extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from pediatric patients. A total of 404 non-repeated positive ESBL E. coli isolates were collected from documented clinical infections in pediatric patients over a 2-year period. The identification and susceptibility profiles were determined using an automated system. Isolates that suggested ESBL production based on their resistance profiles to third and fourth generation cephalosporin and monobactam were selected. ESBL production was phenotypically confirmed using a diffusion method with cefotaxime and ceftazidime discs alone and in combination with clavulanic acid. blaESBL gene identification was performed through PCR amplification and sequencing. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) were performed to establish the clonal relationships of the E. coli isolates. CTX-M-9-type ESBLs were detected in 2.5% of the isolates. The subtypes corresponded to blaCTX-M-14 (n = 4) and blaCTX-M-27 (n = 6). Additionally, coexistence with other beta-lactamases was observed. A clonal relationship was established in three isolates; the rest were classified as non-related. We found seven different sequence type (ST) in CTX-M-9- producing E. coli isolates. ST38 was the most frequent. This study is the first report in Mexico to document the presence of group CTX-M-9 ESBLs in E. coli isolates from pediatric patients.
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189
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Rodrigues WF, Miguel CB, Nogueira APO, Ueira-Vieira C, Paulino TDP, Soares SDC, De Resende EAMR, Lazo-Chica JE, Araújo MC, Oliveira CJ. Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Involved in Urinary Infections in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional and Retrospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13090918. [PMID: 27649224 PMCID: PMC5036751 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13090918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Empirical and prolonged antimicrobial treatment of urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli is associated with the emergence of bacterial resistance, and not all countries have strict policies against the indiscriminate use of drugs in order to prevent resistance. This cross-sectional and retrospective study (2010–2015) aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and resistance of patient-derived E. coli to different drugs broadly used to treat urinary infections in Brazil: ampicillin + sulbactam, cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and nitrofurantoin. We obtained 1654 E. coli samples from ambulatory patients with disease symptoms of the urinary tract from a Brazilian public hospital. While all antibiotics were effective in killing E. coli to a large degree, nitrofurantoin was the most effective, with fewer samples exhibiting antibiotic resistance. We assessed the costs of generic and brand name versions of each antibiotic. Nitrofurantoin, the most effective antibiotic, was the cheapest, followed by the fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin), ampicillin + sulbactam and, lastly, cephalothin. Finally, assessment of antibiotic resistance to fluoroquinolones over the study period and extrapolation of the data led to the conclusion that these antibiotics could no longer be effective against E. coli-based urinary infections in approximately 20 years if their indiscriminate use in empirical treatment continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellington Francisco Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Course in Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, 38061-500 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
- Faculty Morgana Potrich-FAMP, 75830-000 Mineiros, GO, Brazil.
| | - Camila Botelho Miguel
- Postgraduate Course in Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, 38061-500 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Carlos Ueira-Vieira
- Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Tony De Paiva Paulino
- Laboratório de Pesquisas do Cefores, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Siomar De Castro Soares
- Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Javier Emilio Lazo-Chica
- Postgraduate Course in Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, 38061-500 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
- Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Costa Araújo
- Clinical Pathology Service, Microbiology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, 38025-180 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Carlo José Oliveira
- Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, 38015-050 Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
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190
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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Shanghai, China. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2016; 35:835-9. [PMID: 27164463 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000001190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in children. Also, antibiotic resistance among DEC is becoming a critical area of concern in clinical settings. METHODS This study was conducted in 4 hospitals in Shanghai from June 2012 to October 2013. DEC isolates from stool samples of patients with diarrhea were examined to determine their antimicrobial susceptibilities and presence of virulence genes, in order to identify high risk clones. RESULTS A total of 735 (10.2%) DEC isolates were identified from 7204 stool samples from patients with diarrhea, including 374 enteropathogenic E. coli, 318 enterotoxigenic E. coli, 36 Shigella/enteroinvasive E. coli and 7 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). Among the 735 DEC isolates, 299 (40.7%) were isolated from children less than 5 years old. High resistance rates were observed to streptomycin (90.7%), ampicillin (63.4%), nalidixic acid (61.1%), sulfisoxazole (49.1%), tetracycline (41.2%), trimethoprim (35.6%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (35.4%), followed by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (27.2%), cefotaxime (24.5%), cefepime (23.5%), gentamicin (16.7%), ceftazidime (12.4%), chloramphenicol (10.6%), ciprofloxacin (7.2%) and ofloxacin (3.4%). All the isolates were susceptible to imipenem. In addition, potential virulence genes were screened by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 15 enterotoxigenic E. coli belonging to the same clone were identified to be associated with nosocomial neonatal diarrhea and resistant to greater than 10 antimicrobials. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that active surveillance programs combining both phenotypic and genetic data would help identify disease outbreaks and strengthen antibiotic management.
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Aelenei P, Miron A, Trifan A, Bujor A, Gille E, Aprotosoaie AC. Essential Oils and Their Components as Modulators of Antibiotic Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria. MEDICINES 2016; 3:medicines3030019. [PMID: 28930130 PMCID: PMC5456245 DOI: 10.3390/medicines3030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria cause infections that are difficult to treat due to the emergence of multidrug resistance. This review summarizes the current status of the studies investigating the capacity of essential oils and their components to modulate antibiotic activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Synergistic interactions are particularly discussed with reference to possible mechanisms by which essential oil constituents interact with antibiotics. Special emphasis is given to essential oils and volatile compounds that inhibit efflux pumps, thus reversing drug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, indifference and antagonism between essential oils/volatile compounds and conventional antibiotics have also been reported. Overall, this literature review reveals that essential oils and their purified components enhance the efficacy of antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria, being promising candidates for the development of new effective formulations against Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petruta Aelenei
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
- Regulatory Affairs Department, Fiterman Pharma LLC, Pacurari Road 127, Iasi 700544, Romania.
| | - Anca Miron
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Adriana Trifan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Alexandra Bujor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Elvira Gille
- Stejarul Biological Research Centre/National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Alexandru cel Bun 6, Piatra Neamt 610004, Romania.
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa-Iasi, Universitatii 16, Iasi 700115, Romania.
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192
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Bat-man disease transmission: zoonotic pathogens from wildlife reservoirs to human populations. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:16048. [PMID: 27551536 PMCID: PMC4979447 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats are natural reservoir hosts and sources of infection of several microorganisms, many of which cause severe human diseases. Because of contact between bats and other animals, including humans, the possibility exists for additional interspecies transmissions and resulting disease outbreaks. The purpose of this article is to supply an overview on the main pathogens isolated from bats that have the potential to cause disease in humans.
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193
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Palma N, Gomes C, Riveros M, García W, Martínez-Puchol S, Ruiz-Roldán L, Mateu J, García C, Jacobs J, Ochoa TJ, Ruiz J. Virulence factors profiles and ESBL production in Escherichia coli causing bacteremia in Peruvian children. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 86:70-5. [PMID: 27345125 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The presence of 25 virulence genes (VGs), genetic phylogroups, quinolone-resistance and Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-production was assessed in 65 Escherichia coli isolates from blood cultures in children <5 years in Peru. The most frequent VGs were fimA (89.2%), iutA (83.1%), agn43 (72.3%), iucA (67.7%), and fyuA (49.2%). The isolates belonged to D (47.7%), A (26.1%), B1 (21.5%), and B2 (4.6%) phylogroups. D + B2 isolates presented a high number of fimA, hly, papC, sat, and fyuA genes. Quinolone-susceptible (22 isolates - 33.8%) and ESBL-negative (31 isolates - 47.7%) isolates carried more VGs that their respective counterparts (5.7 vs. 4.7 and 5.3 vs. 4.4 respectively); the frequency of the fyuA, aat, aap, and hly genes significantly differed between quinolone-resistant and quinolone-susceptible isolates. Neonatal sepsis isolates tended to be more quinolone-resistant (P = 0.0697) and ESBL-producers (P = 0.0776). Early-onset neonatal sepsis isolates possessed a high number of VGs (5.2 VGs), especially in neonates of ≤1 day (5.9 VGs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Palma
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cláudia Gomes
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Riveros
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Wilfredo García
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Sandra Martínez-Puchol
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Ruiz-Roldán
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Mateu
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Coralith García
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Jan Jacobs
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Theresa J Ochoa
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt - Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; University of Texas, Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joaquim Ruiz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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194
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Pan SY, Gao SH, Lin RC, Zhou SF, Dong HG, Tang MK, Yu ZL, Ko KM. New perspectives on dietary-derived treatments and food safety-antinomy in a new era. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 55:1836-59. [PMID: 24915382 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.654286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advances in science and technology and wide use of chemical drugs, dietary intervention (or food therapy) remains useful in preventing or treating many human diseases. A huge body of evidence shows that the dietary pattern or habit is also an important contributing factor to the development of chronic diseases such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cancers. In recent years, over-the-counter health foods, nutraceuticals, and plant-derived medicinal products have been gaining popularity all over the world, particularly in developed countries. Unfortunately, owing to the contamination with various harmful substances in foods and the presence of toxic food components, food-borne diseases have also become increasingly problematic. Incidents of food poisonings or tainted food have been increasing worldwide, particularly in China and other developing countries. Therefore, the government should put in a greater effort in enforcing food safety by improving the surveillance mechanism and exerting highest standards of quality control for foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Pan
- a Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
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195
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Kayukov IG. [The etiopathogenetic bases for antibacterial therapy and prevention of urinary tract infections]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2016; 87:123-133. [PMID: 26821430 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh20158711123-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The paper discusses the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections, the mechanisms of resistance in their pathogens to antimicrobials and uroseptics, and approaches to defining patient management tactics.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G Kayukov
- Acad. I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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196
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Wang S, Zhao SY, Xiao SZ, Gu FF, Liu QZ, Tang J, Guo XK, Ni YX, Han LZ. Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology of Escherichia coli Causing Bloodstream Infections in Three Hospitals in Shanghai, China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147740. [PMID: 26824702 PMCID: PMC4733056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most frequent and lethal causes of bloodstream infections (BSIs). We carried out a retrospective multicenter study on antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic background of clinical E. coli isolates recovered from bloodstream in three hospitals in Shanghai. E. coli isolates causing BSIs were consecutively collected between Sept 2013 and Sept 2014. Ninety isolates randomly selected (30 from each hospital) were enrolled in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion. PCR was used to detect antimicrobial resistance genes coding for β-lactamases (TEM, CTX-M, OXA, etc.), carbapenemases (IMP, VIM, KPC, NDM-1 and OXA-48), and phylogenetic groups. eBURST was applied for analysis of multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). The resistance rates for penicillins, second-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolone and tetracyclines were high (>60%). Sixty-one of the 90 (67.8%) strains enrolled produced ESBLs and no carbapenemases were found. Molecular analysis showed that CTX-M-15 (25/61), CTX-M-14 (18/61) and CTX-M-55 (9/61) were the most common ESBLs. Phylogenetic group B2 predominated (43.3%) and exhibited the highest rates of ESBLs production. ST131 (20/90) was the most common sequence type and almost assigned to phylogenetic group B2 (19/20). The following sequence types were ST405 (8/90) and ST69 (5/90). Among 61 ESBL-producers isolates, B2 (26, 42.6%) and ST131 (18, 29.5%) were also the most common phylogenetic group and sequence type. Genetic diversity showed no evidence suggesting a spread of these antimicrobial resistant isolates in the three hospitals. In order to provide more comprehensive and reliable epidemiological information for preventing further dissemination, well-designed and continuous surveillance with more hospitals participating was important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Wang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Xiao
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Fei Gu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Zhong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Guo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xing Ni
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Zhong Han
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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197
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Cantas L, Suer K, Guler E, Imir T. High Emergence of ESBL-Producing E. coli Cystitis: Time to Get Smarter in Cyprus. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1446. [PMID: 26793167 PMCID: PMC4710751 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Widespread prevalence of extended-spectrum βeta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-producing E. coli) limits the infection therapeutic options and is a growing global health problem. In this study our aim was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile of the E. coli in hospitalized and out-patients in Cyprus. Results: During the period 2010–2014, 389 strains of E. coli were isolated from urine samples of hospitalized and out-patients in Cyprus. ESBL-producing E. coli, was observed in 53% of hospitalized and 44% in out-patients, latest one being in 2014. All ESBL-producing E. coli remained susceptible to amikacin, carbapenems except ertapenem (in-patients = 6%, out-patients = 11%). Conclusion: High emerging ESBL-producing E. coli from urine samples in hospitalized and out-patients is an extremely worrisome sign of development of untreatable infections in the near future on the island. We therefore emphasize the immediate need for establishment of optimal therapy guidelines based on the country specific surveillance programs. The need for new treatment strategies, urgent prescription habit changes and ban of over-the-counter sale of antimicrobials at each segment of healthcare services is also discussed in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Cantas
- MicroLabHammerfest, Norway; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East UniversityNicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kaya Suer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Emrah Guler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Turgut Imir
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University Nicosia, Cyprus
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Zhang YC, Zhang Y, Zhu BR, Zhang BW, Ni C, Zhang DY, Huang Y, Pang E, Lin K. Genome sequences of two closely related strains of Escherichia coli K-12 GM4792. Stand Genomic Sci 2015; 10:125. [PMID: 26664654 PMCID: PMC4675052 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-015-0114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli lab strains K-12 GM4792 Lac+ and GM4792 Lac- carry opposite lactose markers, which are useful for distinguishing evolved lines as they produce different colored colonies. The two closely related strains are chosen as ancestors for our ongoing studies of experimental evolution. Here, we describe the genome sequences, annotation, and features of GM4792 Lac+ and GM4792 Lac-. GM4792 Lac+ has a 4,622,342-bp long chromosome with 4,061 protein-coding genes and 83 RNA genes. Similarly, the genome of GM4792 Lac- consists of a 4,621,656-bp chromosome containing 4,043 protein-coding genes and 74 RNA genes. Genome comparison analysis reveals that the differences between GM4792 Lac+ and GM4792 Lac- are minimal and limited to only the targeted lac region. Moreover, a previous study on competitive experimentation indicates the two strains are identical or nearly identical in survivability except for lactose utilization in a nitrogen-limited environment. Therefore, at both a genetic and a phenotypic level, GM4792 Lac+ and GM4792 Lac-, with opposite neutral markers, are ideal systems for future experimental evolution studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Cong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China ; Present address: National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Bi-Ru Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Bo-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Chuan Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China ; Present address: The second high school attached to Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100192 China
| | - Da-Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, and National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Erli Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Kui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and MOE Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875 China
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199
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Wang JT, Chang SC, Chang FY, Fung CP, Chuang YC, Chen YS, Shiau YR, Tan MC, Wang HY, Lai JF, Huang IW, Yang Lauderdale TL. Antimicrobial Non-Susceptibility of Escherichia coli from Outpatients and Patients Visiting Emergency Rooms in Taiwan. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144103. [PMID: 26632819 PMCID: PMC4669119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal nationwide surveillance data on antimicrobial non-susceptibility and prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) as well as AmpC β-lactamases producers among Escherichia coli from different sources in the community settings are limited. Such data may impact treatment practice. The present study investigated E. coli from outpatients and patients visiting emergency rooms collected by the Taiwan Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (TSAR) program. A total of 3481 E. coli isolates were studied, including 2153 (61.9%) from urine and 1125 (32.3%) from blood samples. These isolates were collected biennially between 2002 and 2012 from a total of 28 hospitals located in different geographic regions of Taiwan. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined using methods recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The prevalence and factors associated with the presence of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase-producers were determined. Significant increases in non-susceptibility to most β-lactams and ciprofloxacin occurred during the study period. By 2012, non-susceptibility to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin reached 21.1% and 26.9%, respectively. The prevalence of ESBL- and AmpC- producers also increased from 4.0% and 5.3%, respectively, in 2002–2004, to 10.7% for both in 2010–2012 (P < 0.001). The predominant ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase genes were CTX-M and CMY-types, respectively. Non-susceptibility of urine isolates to nitrofurantoin remained at around 8% and to fosfomycin was low (0.7%) but to cefazolin (based on the 2014 CLSI urine criteria) increased from 11.5% in 2002–2004 to 23.9% in 2010–2012 (P <0.001). Non-susceptibility of isolates from different specimen types was generally similar, but isolates from elderly patients were significantly more resistant to most antimicrobial agents and associated with the presence of ESBL- and AmpC- β-lactamases. An additional concern is that decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility (MIC 0.12–1 mg/L) was as high as 25% in isolates from all age groups, including those from pediatric patients. Our data indicated that there is a need to re-evaluate appropriate treatment selection for community-acquired infections in Taiwan. Identification of community reservoirs of multidrug-resistant E. coli is also warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jann-Tay Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Chwen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yee Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Phone Fung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ching Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Shen Chen
- Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ru Shiau
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chen Tan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ying Wang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Fen Lai
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Huang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ling Yang Lauderdale
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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200
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Kahlmeter G, Åhman J, Matuschek E. Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Causing Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: A European Update for 2014 and Comparison with 2000 and 2008. Infect Dis Ther 2015; 4:417-23. [PMID: 26507395 PMCID: PMC4675763 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-015-0095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to provide an update on the resistance of Escherichia coli in women with acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (UK) to mecillinam [amdinocillin (United States Adopted Name)], amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefadroxil, nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim, and to compare the results with resistance in the ECO.SENS I and II surveys in 2000 and 2008, respectively. METHODS The susceptibility of E. coli in France (166 isolates), Germany (133 isolates), Spain (169 isolates), Sweden (137 isolates), and the UK (124 isolates) was determined by disc diffusion according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints and methodology. Resistance rates were compared using Fisher's exact test, 2-tailed, with P < 0.05 indicating statistical significance. RESULTS Since 2000, there has been a significant increase in resistance to cefadroxil in Germany (1% to 12%) and Spain (3% to 8%), to ciprofloxacin in Germany (2% to 21%), Spain (15% to 31%), Sweden (0% to 7%), and the UK (1% to 15%), to trimethoprim in Germany (23% to 37%), Spain (25% to 37%), Sweden (9% to 17%), and the UK (13% to 46%), to mecillinam in Spain (1% to 6.5%), and to nitrofurantoin in the UK (0% to 6%); there was also a significant decrease in resistance to nitrofurantoin in Spain (4% to 0%). Since 2008, there has been a significant increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin in Sweden (3% to 15%) and the UK (1% to 15%), and to trimethoprim (13% to 46%) and nitrofurantoin (0% to 6%) in the UK. CONCLUSION E. coli isolates from women with acute uncomplicated UTIs have increasing antimicrobial resistance, particularly to ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim. However, resistance to mecillinam and nitrofurantoin mostly remains low. FUNDING LEO Pharma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Kahlmeter
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden.
| | - Jenny Åhman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Erika Matuschek
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden
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