151
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides to Enhance Delivery of Oligonucleotide-Based Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020051. [PMID: 29734750 PMCID: PMC6027240 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The promise of nucleic acid based oligonucleotides as effective genetic therapies has been held back by their low bioavailability and poor cellular uptake to target tissues upon systemic administration. One such strategy to improve upon delivery is the use of short cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) that can be either directly attached to their cargo through covalent linkages or through the formation of noncovalent nanoparticle complexes that can facilitate cellular uptake. In this review, we will highlight recent proof-of-principle studies that have utilized both of these strategies to improve nucleic acid delivery and discuss the prospects for translation of this approach for clinical application.
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152
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Azevedo C, Macedo MH, Sarmento B. Strategies for the enhanced intracellular delivery of nanomaterials. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:944-959. [PMID: 28919437 PMCID: PMC7108348 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular delivery of nanomaterials and drugs has been attracting increasing research interest, mainly because of their important effects and functions in several organelles. Targeting specific organelles can help treat or decrease the symptoms of diabetes, cancer, infectious, and autoimmune diseases. Tuning biological and chemical properties enables the creation of functionalized nanomaterials with enhanced intracellular uptake, ability to escape premature lysosome degradation, and to reach a specific target. Here, we provide an update of recent advances in the intracellular delivery mechanisms that could help drugs reach their target more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Azevedo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Macedo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde & Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal.
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153
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Iegre J, Ahmed NS, Gaynord JS, Wu Y, Herlihy KM, Tan YS, Lopes-Pires ME, Jha R, Lau YH, Sore HF, Verma C, O' Donovan DH, Pugh N, Spring DR. Stapled peptides as a new technology to investigate protein-protein interactions in human platelets. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4638-4643. [PMID: 29899957 PMCID: PMC5969508 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00284c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the first application of stapled peptides in human platelets. Bim BH3 stapled peptides are used to overcome the limitations of traditional methods and uncover a new role for Bim in platelet activation.
Platelets are blood cells with numerous crucial pathophysiological roles in hemostasis, cardiovascular thrombotic events and cancer metastasis. Platelet activation requires the engagement of intracellular signalling pathways that involve protein–protein interactions (PPIs). A better understanding of these pathways is therefore crucial for the development of selective anti-platelet drugs. New strategies for studying PPIs in human platelets are required to overcome limitations associated with conventional platelet research methods. For example, small molecule inhibitors can lack selectivity and are often difficult to design and synthesise. Additionally, development of transgenic animal models is costly and time-consuming and conventional recombinant techniques are ineffective due to the lack of a nucleus in platelets. Herein, we describe the generation of a library of novel, functionalised stapled peptides and their first application in the investigation of platelet PPIs. Moreover, the use of platelet-permeable stapled Bim BH3 peptides confirms the part of Bim in phosphatidyl-serine (PS) exposure and reveals a role for the Bim protein in platelet activatory processes. Our work demonstrates that functionalised stapled peptides are a complementary alternative to conventional platelet research methods, and could make a significant contribution to the understanding of platelet signalling pathways and hence to the development of anti-platelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iegre
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Niaz S Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences , Anglia Ruskin University , CB1 1PT , UK .
| | | | - Yuteng Wu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Kara M Herlihy
- Discovery Sciences , IMED Biotech Unit , AstraZeneca , Cambridge , UK
| | - Yaw Sing Tan
- Bioinformatics Institute , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) , 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix , 13867 , Singapore
| | - Maria E Lopes-Pires
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences , Anglia Ruskin University , CB1 1PT , UK .
| | - Rupam Jha
- Discovery Sciences , IMED Biotech Unit , AstraZeneca , Cambridge , UK
| | - Yu Heng Lau
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK . .,School of Chemistry , The University of Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Hannah F Sore
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Chandra Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute , Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) , 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix , 13867 , Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences , National University of Singapore , 14 Science Drive 4 , Singapore 117543.,School of Biological Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 60 Nanyang Drive , Singapore 637551
| | | | - Nicholas Pugh
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences , Anglia Ruskin University , CB1 1PT , UK .
| | - David R Spring
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
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154
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Hedegaard SF, Derbas MS, Lind TK, Kasimova MR, Christensen MV, Michaelsen MH, Campbell RA, Jorgensen L, Franzyk H, Cárdenas M, Nielsen HM. Fluorophore labeling of a cell-penetrating peptide significantly alters the mode and degree of biomembrane interaction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6327. [PMID: 29679078 PMCID: PMC5910404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for highly efficient macromolecular drugs, used in the treatment of many severe diseases, is continuously increasing. However, the hydrophilic character and large molecular size of these drugs significantly limit their ability to permeate across cellular membranes and thus impede the drugs in reaching their target sites in the body. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have gained attention as promising drug excipients, since they can facilitate drug permeation across cell membranes constituting a major biological barrier. Fluorophores are frequently covalently conjugated to CPPs to improve detection, however, the ensuing change in physico-chemical properties of the CPPs may alter their biological properties. With complementary biophysical techniques, we show that the mode of biomembrane interaction may change considerably upon labeling of the CPP penetratin (PEN) with a fluorophore. Fluorophore-PEN conjugates display altered modes of membrane interaction with increased insertion into the core of model cell membranes thereby exerting membrane-thinning effects. This is in contrast to PEN, which localizes along the head groups of the lipid bilayer, without affecting the thickness of the lipid tails. Particularly high membrane disturbance is observed for the two most hydrophobic PEN conjugates; rhodamine B or 1-pyrene butyric acid, as compared to the four other tested fluorophore-PEN conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Fogh Hedegaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammed Sobhi Derbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tania Kjellerup Lind
- Department of Biomedical Science and Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Per Albin Hanssons väg 35, 214 32, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marina Robertnova Kasimova
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Symphogen A/S, Pederstrupvej 93, 2750, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Malene Vinther Christensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Høtoft Michaelsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard A Campbell
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS20156, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Lene Jorgensen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marité Cárdenas
- Department of Biomedical Science and Biofilms - Research Center for Biointerfaces, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Per Albin Hanssons väg 35, 214 32, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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155
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Trenner A, Godau J, Sartori AA. A Short BRCA2-Derived Cell-Penetrating Peptide Targets RAD51 Function and Confers Hypersensitivity toward PARP Inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1392-1404. [PMID: 29654063 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Under conditions of genotoxic stress, cancer cells strongly rely on efficient DNA repair to survive and proliferate. The human BRCA2 tumor suppressor protein is indispensable for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination (HR) by virtue of its ability to promote RAD51 loading onto single-stranded DNA. Therefore, blocking the interaction between BRCA2 and RAD51 could significantly improve the efficacy of conventional anticancer therapies. However, targeting protein-protein interaction (PPI) interfaces has proven challenging because flat and large PPI surfaces generally do not support binding of small-molecule inhibitors. In contrast, peptides are more potent for targeting PPIs but are otherwise difficult to deliver into cells. Here, we report that a synthetic 16-mer peptide derived from the BRC4 repeat motif of BRCA2 is capable of blocking RAD51 binding to BRCA2. Efficient noncytotoxic cellular uptake of a nona-arginine (R9)-conjugated version of the BRC4 peptide interferes with DNA damage-induced RAD51 foci formation and HR. Moreover, transduction of the BRC4 peptide impairs replication fork-protective function of BRCA2 and triggers MRE11-dependent degradation of nascent DNA in response to DNA replication stress. Finally, the BRC4 cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) confers selective hypersensitivity to PARP inhibition in cancer cells but spares noncancerous cells. Taken together, our data highlight an innovative approach to develop novel peptide-based DNA repair inhibitors and establish BRCA2-derived CPPs as promising anticancer agents. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1392-404. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Trenner
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Godau
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro A Sartori
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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156
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Del’Guidice T, Lepetit-Stoffaes JP, Bordeleau LJ, Roberge J, Théberge V, Lauvaux C, Barbeau X, Trottier J, Dave V, Roy DC, Gaillet B, Garnier A, Guay D. Membrane permeabilizing amphiphilic peptide delivers recombinant transcription factor and CRISPR-Cas9/Cpf1 ribonucleoproteins in hard-to-modify cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195558. [PMID: 29617431 PMCID: PMC5884575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of recombinant proteins to therapeutic cells is limited by a lack of efficient methods. This hinders the use of transcription factors or Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) ribonucleoproteins to develop cell therapies. Here, we report a soluble peptide designed for the direct delivery of proteins to mammalian cells including human stem cells, hard-to-modify primary natural killer (NK) cells, and cancer cell models. This peptide is composed of a 6x histidine-rich domain fused to the endosomolytic peptide CM18 and the cell penetrating peptide PTD4. A less than two-minute co-incubation of 6His-CM18-PTD4 peptide with spCas9 and/or asCpf1 CRISPR ribonucleoproteins achieves robust gene editing. The same procedure, co-incubating with the transcription factor HoxB4, achieves transcriptional regulation. The broad applicability and flexibility of this DNA- and chemical-free method across different cell types, particularly hard-to-transfect cells, opens the way for a direct use of proteins for biomedical research and cell therapy manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Pascal Lepetit-Stoffaes
- Feldan Therapeutics, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Université Laval, Département de Génie Chimique, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Xavier Barbeau
- Feldan Therapeutics, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Université Laval, Département de Génie Chimique, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jessica Trottier
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vibhuti Dave
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis-Claude Roy
- Centre de recherche de l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Gaillet
- Université Laval, Département de Génie Chimique, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Garnier
- Université Laval, Département de Génie Chimique, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - David Guay
- Feldan Therapeutics, Québec, Québec, Canada
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157
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Almarwani B, Phambu EN, Alexander C, Nguyen HAT, Phambu N, Sunda-Meya A. Vesicles mimicking normal and cancer cell membranes exhibit differential responses to the cell-penetrating peptide Pep-1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1394-1402. [PMID: 29621495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) Pep-1 presents a great potential in drug delivery due to its intrinsic property to cross plasma membrane. However, its mechanism of entry into the cell remains unresolved. In this study, we compare the selectivity of Pep-1 towards vesicles mimicking normal and cancer cell membranes. The interaction was performed in a wide range of peptide-to-lipid molar ratios using infrared (IR), fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. At low peptide concentration, fluorescence experiments show that lipid-phosphatidylserine (PS) seems to enable Pep-1 translocation into cancer cell membrane as evidenced by the blue shift of its maximal emission wavelength. DSC data show that Pep-1 induces segregation of lipids. At high peptide concentration, IR data indicate that the interaction of Pep-1 is relatively stronger with normal cell membrane than with cancer cell membrane through the phosphate groups, while the interaction is weaker with normal cell membrane than with cancer cell membrane through the carbonyl groups. TGA and DSC data reveal that vesicles of normal cell membrane are thermally more stable than vesicles of cancer cell membrane. This suggests that the additional lipid PS included in cancer cell membrane has a destabilizing effect on the membrane structure. SEM images reveal that Pep-1 form superstructures including spherical particles and fibrils in the presence of both model membranes. PS seems to enhance peptide transport across cellular membranes. The biophysical techniques in this study provide valuable insights into the properties of CPPs in drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashiyar Almarwani
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Esther Nzuzi Phambu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | | | - Ha Aimee T Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA
| | - Nsoki Phambu
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
| | - Anderson Sunda-Meya
- Department of Physics and Computer Science, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA.
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158
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Human transbodies that interfere with the functions of Ebola virus VP35 protein in genome replication and transcription and innate immune antagonism. Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:41. [PMID: 29568066 PMCID: PMC5864874 DOI: 10.1038/s41426-018-0031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Small molecular inhibitors and passive immunization against Ebola virus disease (EVD) have been tested in animal models, including rodents and non-human primates, as well as in clinical trials. Nevertheless, there is currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapy, and alternative strategies must be pursued. The aim of this study was to produce cell-penetrable human single-chain antibodies (transbodies) that are able to interfere with the activities of interferon inhibitory domain (IID) of the VP35 protein, a multifunctional virulence factor of Ebola virus (EBOV). We speculated that effective VP35-IID-specific transbodies could inspire further studies to identify an alternative to conventional antibody therapies. Phage display technology was used to generate Escherichia coli-derived human single-chain antibodies (HuscFvs) that bind to IID. HuscFvs were linked to nona-arginine (R9) to make them cell penetrable. Transbodies of transformed E. coli clones 13 and 3, which were predicted to interact with first basic patch residues (R9-HuscFv13), central basic patch, and end-cap residues (R9-HuscFv3), effectively inhibited EBOV minigenome activity. Transbodies of E. coli clones 3 and 8 antagonized VP35-mediated interferon suppression in VP35-transduced cells. We postulate that these transbodies formed an interface contact with the IID central basic patch, end-cap, and/or residues that are important for IID multimeric formation for dsRNA binding. These transbodies should be evaluated further in vitro using authentic EBOV and in vivo in animal models of EVD before their therapeutic/prophylactic effectiveness is clinically evaluated.
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159
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Kebebe D, Liu Y, Wu Y, Vilakhamxay M, Liu Z, Li J. Tumor-targeting delivery of herb-based drugs with cell-penetrating/tumor-targeting peptide-modified nanocarriers. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1425-1442. [PMID: 29563797 PMCID: PMC5849936 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s156616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become one of the leading causes of mortality globally. The major challenges of conventional cancer therapy are the failure of most chemotherapeutic agents to accumulate selectively in tumor cells and their severe systemic side effects. In the past three decades, a number of drug delivery approaches have been discovered to overwhelm the obstacles. Among these, nanocarriers have gained much attention for their excellent and efficient drug delivery systems to improve specific tissue/organ/cell targeting. In order to enhance targeting efficiency further and reduce limitations of nanocarriers, nanoparticle surfaces are functionalized with different ligands. Several kinds of ligand-modified nanomedicines have been reported. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are promising ligands, attracting the attention of researchers due to their efficiency to transport bioactive molecules intracellularly. However, their lack of specificity and in vivo degradation led to the development of newer types of CPP. Currently, activable CPP and tumor-targeting peptide (TTP)-modified nanocarriers have shown dramatically superior cellular specific uptake, cytotoxicity, and tumor growth inhibition. In this review, we discuss recent advances in tumor-targeting strategies using CPPs and their limitations in tumor delivery systems. Special emphasis is given to activable CPPs and TTPs. Finally, we address the application of CPPs and/or TTPs in the delivery of plant-derived chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Kebebe
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yumei Wu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Maikhone Vilakhamxay
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Engineering Research Center of Modern Chinese Medicine Discovery and Preparation Technique, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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160
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Beaudoin S, Paquette M, Fafard-Couture L, Tremblay MA, Lecomte R, Guérin B, Leyton JV. Initial Evaluation of Antibody-conjugates Modified with Viral-derived Peptides for Increasing Cellular Accumulation and Improving Tumor Targeting. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29578523 DOI: 10.3791/55440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-conjugates (ACs) modified with virus-derived peptides are a potentially powerful class of tumor cell delivery agents for molecular payloads used in cancer treatment and imaging due to increased cellular accumulation over current ACs. During early AC in vitro development, fluorescence techniques and radioimmunoassays are sufficient for determining intracellular localization, accumulation efficiency, and target cell specificity. Currently, there is no consensus on standardized methods for preparing cells for evaluating AC intracellular accumulation and localization. The initial testing of ACs modified with virus-derived peptides is critical especially if several candidates have been constructed. Determining intracellular accumulation by fluorescence can be affected by background signal from ACs at the cell surface and complicate the interpretation of accumulation. For radioimmunoassays, typically treated cells are fractionated and the radioactivity in different cell compartments measured. However, cell lysis varies from cell to cell and often nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments are not adequately isolated. This can produce misleading data on payload delivery properties. The intravenous injection of radiolabeled virus-derived peptide-modified ACs in tumor bearing mice followed by radionuclide imaging is a powerful method for determining tumor targeting and payload delivery properties at the in vivo phase of development. However, this is a relatively recent advancement and few groups have evaluated virus-derived peptide-modified ACs in this manner. We describe the processing of treated cells to more accurately evaluate virus-derived peptide-modified AC accumulation when using confocal microscopy and radioimmunoassays. Specifically, a method for trypsinizing cells to remove cell surface bound ACs. We also provide a method for improving cellular fractionation. Lastly, this protocol provides an in vivo method using positron emission tomography (PET) for evaluating initial tumor targeting properties in tumor-bearing mice. We use the radioisotope 64Cu (t1/2 = 12.7 h) as an example payload in this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Beaudoin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Michel Paquette
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke
| | | | - Mylene A Tremblay
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Roger Lecomte
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center (CIMS), Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Institute of Pharmacology
| | - Brigitte Guérin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center (CIMS), Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Institute of Pharmacology
| | - Jeffrey V Leyton
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center (CIMS), Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Institute of Pharmacology;
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161
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Bansal K, Aqdas M, Kumar M, Bala R, Singh S, Agrewala JN, Katare OP, Sharma RK, Wangoo N. A Facile Approach for Synthesis and Intracellular Delivery of Size Tunable Cationic Peptide Functionalized Gold Nanohybrids in Cancer Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1102-1110. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Aqdas
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India
| | | | | | - Sanpreet Singh
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh-160036, India
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162
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Van der Poorten O, Legrand B, Vezenkov LL, García-Pindado J, Bettache N, Knuhtsen A, Pedersen DS, Sánchez-Navarro M, Martinez J, Teixidó M, Garcia M, Tourwé D, Amblard M, Ballet S. Indoloazepinone-Constrained Oligomers as Cell-Penetrating and Blood-Brain-Barrier-Permeating Compounds. Chembiochem 2018; 19:696-705. [PMID: 29377388 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-cationic and amphipathic indoloazepinone-constrained (Aia) oligomers have been synthesized as new vectors for intracellular delivery. The conformational preferences of the [l-Aia-Xxx]n oligomers were investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and NMR spectroscopy. Whereas Boc-[l-Aia-Gly]2,4 -OBn oligomers 12 and 13 and Boc-[l-Aia-β3 -h-l-Ala]2,4 -OBn oligomers 16 and 17 were totally or partially disordered, Boc-[l-Aia-l-Ala]2 -OBn (14) induced a typical turn stabilized by C5 - and C7 -membered H-bond pseudo-cycles and aromatic interactions. Boc-[l-Aia-l-Ala]4 -OBn (15) exhibited a unique structure with remarkable T-shaped π-stacking interactions involving the indole rings of the four l-Aia residues forming a dense hydrophobic cluster. All of the proposed FITC-6-Ahx-[l-Aia-Xxx]4 -NH2 oligomers 19-23, with the exception of FITC-6-Ahx-[l-Aia-Gly]4 -NH2 (18), were internalized by MDA-MB-231 cells with higher efficiency than the positive references penetratin and Arg8 . In parallel, the compounds of this series were successfully explored in an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeation assay. Although no passive diffusion permeability was observed for any of the tested Ac-[l-Aia-Xxx]4 -NH2 oligomers in the PAMPA model, Ac-[l-Aia-l-Arg]4 -NH2 (26) showed significant permeation in the in vitro cell-based human model of the BBB, suggesting an active mechanism of cell penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Van der Poorten
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Lubomir L Vezenkov
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Júlia García-Pindado
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nadir Bettache
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Astrid Knuhtsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Sejer Pedersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Macarena Sánchez-Navarro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Meritxell Teixidó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcel Garcia
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Dirk Tourwé
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Muriel Amblard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Chemistry and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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163
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Tumor target amplification: Implications for nano drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2018; 275:142-161. [PMID: 29454742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells overexpress surface markers which are absent from normal cells. These tumor-restricted antigenic signatures are a fundamental basis for distinguishing on-target from off-target cells for ligand-directed targeting of cancer cells. Unfortunately, tumor heterogeneity impedes the establishment of a solid expression pattern for a given target marker, leading to drastic changes in quality (availability) and quantity (number) of the target. Consequently, a subset of cancer cells remains untargeted during the course of treatment, which subsequently promotes drug-resistance and cancer relapse. Since target inefficiency is only problematic for cancer treatment and not for treatment of other pathological conditions such as viral/bacterial infections, target amplification or the generation of novel targets is key to providing eligible antigenic markers for effective targeted therapy. This review summarizes the limitations of current ligand-directed targeting strategies and provides a comprehensive overview of tumor target amplification strategies, including self-amplifying systems, dual targeting, artificial markers and peptide modification. We also discuss the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of these approaches, the underlying mechanism(s) and established methodologies, mostly in the context of different nanodelivery systems, to facilitate more effective ligand-directed cancer cell monitoring and targeting.
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164
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Amornwachirabodee K, Tantimekin N, Pan-In P, Palaga T, Pienpinijtham P, Pipattanaboon C, Sukmanee T, Ritprajak P, Charoenpat P, Pitaksajjakul P, Ramasoota P, Wanichwecharungruang S. Oxidized Carbon Black: Preparation, Characterization and Application in Antibody Delivery across Cell Membrane. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2489. [PMID: 29410523 PMCID: PMC5802750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulating biomolecular networks in cells with peptides and proteins has become a promising therapeutic strategy and effective biological tools. A simple and effective reagent that can bring functional proteins into cells can increase efficacy and allow more investigations. Here we show that the relatively non-toxic and non-immunogenic oxidized carbon black particles (OCBs) prepared from commercially available carbon black can deliver a 300 kDa protein directly into cells, without an involvement of a cellular endocytosis. Experiments with cell-sized liposomes indicate that OCBs directly interact with phospholipids and induce membrane leakages. Delivery of human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs, 150 kDa) with specific affinity towards dengue viruses (DENV) into DENV-infected Vero cells by OCBs results in HuMAbs distribution all over cells' interior and effective viral neutralization. An ability of OCBs to deliver big functional/therapeutic proteins into cells should open doors for more protein drug investigations and new levels of antibody therapies and biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittima Amornwachirabodee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattapol Tantimekin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Porntip Pan-In
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Nanotec-Chulalongkorn University Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Prompong Pienpinijtham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chonlatip Pipattanaboon
- Center of Excellence for Antibody Research, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Sukmanee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Ritprajak
- Department of Microbiology, and RU in Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Promchat Charoenpat
- Department of Microbiology, and RU in Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pannamthip Pitaksajjakul
- Center of Excellence for Antibody Research, and Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Pongrama Ramasoota
- Center of Excellence for Antibody Research, and Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Supason Wanichwecharungruang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Center of Excellence in Materials and Bio-Interfaces, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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165
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Chaulagain B, Jain A, Tiwari A, Verma A, Jain SK. Passive delivery of protein drugs through transdermal route. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:472-487. [PMID: 29378433 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1430695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin is the largest external organ in the human body but its use for therapeutic purposes has been minimal. Stratum corneum residing on the uppermost layer of the skin provides a tough barrier to transport the drugs across the skin. Very small group of drugs sharing Lipinski properties, i.e. drugs having molecular weight not larger than 500 Da, having high lipophilicity and optimum polarity are fortunate enough to be used on skin therapeutics. But, at a time where modern therapeutics is slowly shifting from use of small molecular drugs towards the use of macromolecular therapeutic agents such as peptides, proteins and nucleotides in origin, skin therapeutics need to be evolved accordingly to cater the delivery of these agents. Physical technologies like iontophoresis, laser ablation, micro-needles and ultrasound, etc. have been introduced to enhance skin permeability. But their success is limited due to their complex working mechanisms and involvement of certain irreversible skin damage in some or other way. This review therefore explores the delivery strategies for transport of mainly peptide and protein drugs that do not involve any injuries (non-invasive) to the skin termed as passive delivery techniques. Chemical enhancers, nanocarriers, certain biological peptides and miscellaneous approaches like prodrugs are also thoroughly reviewed for their applications in protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bivek Chaulagain
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory , Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University , Sagar , India
| | - Ankit Jain
- b Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University , Mathura , India
| | - Ankita Tiwari
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory , Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University , Sagar , India
| | - Amit Verma
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory , Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University , Sagar , India
| | - Sanjay K Jain
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory , Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University , Sagar , India
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166
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Cao XW, Yang XZ, Du X, Fu LY, Zhang TZ, Shan HW, Zhao J, Wang FJ. Structure optimisation to improve the delivery efficiency and cell selectivity of a tumour-targeting cell-penetrating peptide. J Drug Target 2018; 26:777-792. [PMID: 29303375 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1424858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) is used for the delivery of biomacromolecules across the cell membrane and is limited in cancer therapy due to the lack of cell selectivity. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been widely used in clinical targeted therapy for tumours. Here, we reported a novel tumour targeting cell-penetrating peptide (TCPP), EHB (ELBD-C6H) with 20-fold and 3000-fold greater transmembrane ability and tumour cell selectivity than our previously reported S3-HBD and classic CPP TAT, respectively. In this new TCPP, a specific alpha helix structure was inserted into a repeated amino acid (AA) sequence formed by tandem multiple selected key AA residues of vaccinia growth factor (VGF), and this sequence was then fused to a tailored heparin binding domain sequence (C6H) derived from heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor to intensify its targeting delivery ability. EHB could carry anticancer proteins such as MAP30 (Momordica Antiviral Protein 30 kDa) into EGFR-overexpressing cancer cell and inhibit cell growth, but it had a greatly reduced interaction with normal cells. These results indicated that EHB, as a novel efficient TCPP for the selective delivery of drug molecules into cancer cells, would help to improve the efficacy and safety of anti-tumour drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wei Cao
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Xu-Zhong Yang
- b Zhejiang Reachall Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd , Zhejiang , PR China
| | - Xuan Du
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Long-Yun Fu
- b Zhejiang Reachall Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd , Zhejiang , PR China
| | - Tao-Zhu Zhang
- b Zhejiang Reachall Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd , Zhejiang , PR China
| | - Han-Wen Shan
- b Zhejiang Reachall Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd , Zhejiang , PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Fu-Jun Wang
- b Zhejiang Reachall Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd , Zhejiang , PR China.,c Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , PR China
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167
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García-Díaz M, Birch D, Wan F, Nielsen HM. The role of mucus as an invisible cloak to transepithelial drug delivery by nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 124:107-124. [PMID: 29117511 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal administration of drugs and drug delivery systems has gained increasing interest. However, nanoparticles intended to protect and deliver drugs to epithelial surfaces require transport through the surface-lining mucus. Translation from bench to bedside is particularly challenging for mucosal administration since a variety of parameters will influence the specific barrier properties of the mucus including the luminal fluids, the microbiota, the mucus composition and clearance rate, and the condition of the underlying epithelia. Besides, after administration, nanoparticles interact with the mucosal components, forming a biomolecular corona that modulates their behavior and fate after mucosal administration. These interactions are greatly influenced by the nanoparticle properties, and therefore different designs and surface-engineering strategies have been proposed. Overall, it is essential to evaluate these biomolecule-nanoparticle interactions by complementary techniques using complex and relevant mucus barrier matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Díaz
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ditlev Birch
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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168
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Gomes B, Augusto MT, Felício MR, Hollmann A, Franco OL, Gonçalves S, Santos NC. Designing improved active peptides for therapeutic approaches against infectious diseases. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:415-429. [PMID: 29330093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are one of the main causes of human morbidity and mortality. In the last few decades, pathogenic microorganisms' resistance to conventional drugs has been increasing, and it is now pinpointed as a major worldwide health concern. The need to search for new therapeutic options, as well as improved treatment outcomes, has therefore increased significantly, with biologically active peptides representing a new alternative. A substantial research effort is being dedicated towards their development, especially due to improved biocompatibility and target selectivity. However, the inherent limitations of peptide drugs are restricting their application. In this review, we summarize the current status of peptide drug development, focusing on antiviral and antimicrobial peptide activities, highlighting the design improvements needed, and those already being used, to overcome the drawbacks of the therapeutic application of biologically active peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marcelo T Augusto
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mário R Felício
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Axel Hollmann
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Basic and Applied Microbiology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratory of Biointerfaces and Biomimetic Systems, CITSE, National University of Santiago del Estero-CONICET, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Octávio L Franco
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Sónia Gonçalves
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno C Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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169
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Motevalli F, Bolhassani A, Hesami S, Shahbazi S. Supercharged green fluorescent protein delivers HPV16E7 DNA and protein into mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo. Immunol Lett 2017; 194:29-39. [PMID: 29273425 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecules including DNA and proteins serve as important human therapeutics but are limited by their general inability to cross cell membranes. Supercharged proteins have been known as potent tools for delivery of macromolecules into mammalian cells. Thus, the use of these delivery systems is important to reduce the human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated malignancies through improvement of vaccine modalities. In this study, we used a supercharged green fluorescent protein (+36 GFP) for delivery of the full-length HPV16 E7 DNA and protein into mammalian cells and evaluated immune responses, and protective/therapeutic effects of different formulations in C57BL/6 tumor mice model. Our results showed that the complexes of E7 DNA/+36 GFP and also E7 protein/+36 GFP form stable nanoparticles through non-covalent binding with an average size of ∼ 200-300 nm. The efficient delivery of E7 DNA or protein by +36 GFP was detected in HEK-293T cell line for 4 h and 24 h post-transfection. Mice immunization with E7 protein/+36 GFP nanoparticles elicited a higher Th1 cellular immune response with the predominant IgG2a and IFN-γ levels than those induced by E7 protein, E7 DNA, E7 DNA/+36 GFP and control groups (p < .05). Moreover, the E7 DNA/+36 GFP and E7 protein/+36 GFP nanoparticles similarly protected mice against TC-1 tumor challenge (∼67%) as compared to E7 DNA and E7 protein (∼33%), respectively. These data suggest that +36 GFP may provide a promising platform to improve protein and DNA delivery in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Motevalli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shilan Hesami
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Shahbazi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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170
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Birch D, Christensen MV, Staerk D, Franzyk H, Nielsen HM. Fluorophore labeling of a cell-penetrating peptide induces differential effects on its cellular distribution and affects cell viability. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:2483-2494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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171
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Im SW, Chung HY, Jang YJ. Development of single-chain Fv of antibody to DNA as intracellular delivery vehicle. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2017.1401556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Woo Im
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yong Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ju Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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172
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Glab-Ampai K, Chulanetra M, Malik AA, Juntadech T, Thanongsaksrikul J, Srimanote P, Thueng-In K, Sookrung N, Tongtawe P, Chaicumpa W. Human single chain-transbodies that bound to domain-I of non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) of hepatitis C virus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15042. [PMID: 29118372 PMCID: PMC5678119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14886-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A safe and broadly effective direct acting anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) agent that can withstand the viral mutation is needed. In this study, human single chain antibody variable fragments (HuscFvs) to conserved non-structural protein-5A (NS5A) of HCV were produced by phage display technology. Recombinant NS5A was used as bait for fishing-out the protein bound-phages from the HuscFv-phage display library. NS5A-bound HuscFvs produced by five phage transfected-E. coli clones were linked molecularly to nonaarginine (R9) for making them cell penetrable (become transbodies). The human monoclonal transbodies inhibited HCV replication in the HCVcc infected human hepatic cells and also rescued the cellular antiviral immune response from the viral suppression. Computerized simulation verified by immunoassays indicated that the transbodies used several residues in their multiple complementarity determining regions (CDRs) to form contact interface with many residues of the NS5A domain-I which is important for HCV replication complex formation and RNA binding as well as for interacting with several host proteins for viral immune evasion and regulation of cellular physiology. The human monoclonal transbodies have high potential for testing further as a new ramification of direct acting anti-HCV agent, either alone or in combination with their cognates that target other HCV proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittirat Glab-Ampai
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Monrat Chulanetra
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Malik
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanate Juntadech
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jeeraphong Thanongsaksrikul
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum-thani province, 12120, Thailand
| | - Potjanee Srimanote
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum-thani province, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Thueng-In
- School of Pathology, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon-ratchaseema province, Thailand
| | - Nitat Sookrung
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongsri Tongtawe
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum-thani province, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, Pathum-thani province, 12120, Thailand.
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173
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Design Strategies beyond Primary Structure and Amphipathicity. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111929. [PMID: 29117144 PMCID: PMC6150340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient intracellular drug delivery and target specificity are often hampered by the presence of biological barriers. Thus, compounds that efficiently cross cell membranes are the key to improving the therapeutic value and on-target specificity of non-permeable drugs. The discovery of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and the early design approaches through mimicking the natural penetration domains used by viruses have led to greater efficiency of intracellular delivery. Following these nature-inspired examples, a number of rationally designed CPPs has been developed. In this review, a variety of CPP designs will be described, including linear and flexible, positively charged and often amphipathic CPPs, and more rigid versions comprising cyclic, stapled, or dimeric and/or multivalent, self-assembled peptides or peptido-mimetics. The application of distinct design strategies to known physico-chemical properties of CPPs offers the opportunity to improve their penetration efficiency and/or internalization kinetics. This led to increased design complexity of new CPPs that does not always result in greater CPP activity. Therefore, the transition of CPPs to a clinical setting remains a challenge also due to the concomitant involvement of various internalization routes and heterogeneity of cells used in the in vitro studies.
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174
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Mukherjee D, Kundu N, Chakravarty L, Behera B, Chakrabarti P, Sarkar N, Maiti TK. Membrane perturbation through novel cell-penetrating peptides influences intracellular accumulation of imatinib mesylate in CML cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2017; 34:233-245. [PMID: 29046997 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-017-9414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a stem cell disease with the presence of Philadelphia chromosome generated through reciprocal translocation of chromosome 9 and 22. The use of first- and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been successful to an extent. However, resistance against such drugs is an emerging problem. Apart from several drug-resistant mechanisms, drug influx/efflux ratio appears to be one of the key determinants of therapeutic outcomes. In addition, intracellular accumulation of drug critically depends on cell membrane fluidity and lipid raft dynamics. Previously, we reported two novel cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), namely, cationic IR15 and anionic SR11 present in tryptic digest of Abrus agglutinin. Here, the potential of IR15 and SR11 to influence intracellular concentration of imatinib has been evaluated. Fluorescent correlation spectroscopy and lifetime imaging were employed to map membrane fluidity and lipid raft distribution following peptide-drug co-administration. Results show that IR15 and SR11 are the two CPPs which can modulate membrane fluidity and lipid raft distribution in K562 cells. Both IR15 and SR11 significantly reduce the viability of CML cells in the presence of imatinib by increasing the intracellular accumulation of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devdeep Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Niloy Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Lopamudra Chakravarty
- Department of Haematology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Birendra Behera
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Prantar Chakrabarti
- Department of Haematology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Nilmoni Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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175
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A New Noncanonical Anionic Peptide That Translocates a Cellular Blood-Brain Barrier Model. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101753. [PMID: 29057814 PMCID: PMC6151732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity to transport therapeutic molecules across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents a breakthrough in the development of tools for the treatment of many central nervous system (CNS)-associated diseases. The BBB, while being protective against infectious agents, hinders the brain uptake of many drugs. Hence, finding safe shuttles able to overcome the BBB is of utmost importance. Herein, we identify a new BBB-translocating peptide with unique properties. For years it was thought that cationic sequences were mandatory for a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) to achieve cellular internalization. Despite being anionic at physiological pH, PepNeg (sequence (SGTQEEY) is an efficient BBB translocator that is able to carry a large cargo (27 kDa), while maintaining BBB integrity. In addition, PepNeg is able to use two distinct methods of translocation, energy-dependent and -independent, suggesting that direct penetration might occur when low concentrations of peptide are presented to cells. The discovery of this new anionic trans-BBB peptide allows the development of new delivery systems to the CNS and contributes to the need to rethink the role of electrostatic attraction in BBB-translocation.
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176
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Vezenkov LL, Martin V, Bettache N, Simon M, Messerschmitt A, Legrand B, Bantignies JL, Subra G, Maynadier M, Bellet V, Garcia M, Martinez J, Amblard M. Ribbon-like Foldamers for Cellular Uptake and Drug Delivery. Chembiochem 2017; 18:2110-2114. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lubomir L. Vezenkov
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Vincent Martin
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Nadir Bettache
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Matthieu Simon
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Alexandre Messerschmitt
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Jean-Louis Bantignies
- L2C-UMR 5221 CNRS; Université de Montpellier; Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Gilles Subra
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Marie Maynadier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Virginie Bellet
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Marcel Garcia
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Muriel Amblard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247; Université de Montpellier; CNRS; ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault B. P.14491 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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177
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Morimoto BH. Therapeutic peptides for CNS indications: Progress and challenges. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:2859-2862. [PMID: 28951091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Attacking neurodegeneration and promoting neuroprotection have been the holy grail in neurology for almost 20years and represent an area of high unmet medical need. However, indications like Alzheimer's disease and stroke are areas in drug development fraught with failure. This review will highlight three CNS peptide programs which are tackling targets and indications in which traditional small molecule approaches have been difficult and challenging. The targets for these potential peptide therapeutics include the NMDA receptor, γ-secretase, and cyclin-dependent kinase in which direct inhibition has resulted in on-target (not compound related) problems. For example, direct inhibition of γ-secretase has resulted in gastrointestinal abnormalities and inhibition of the NMDA receptor can result in hallucinations, dizziness, out-of-body sensations, and nightmares. When confronted with show-stopping side effects, the CNS peptide programs profiled in this review strike the problem with intervention and disruption of selective protein-protein interactions. The goal of these peptide programs is to produce selective therapeutics with a better safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce H Morimoto
- Scientific Affairs, Celerion, Inc., 621 Rose Street, Lincoln, NE 68502, USA.
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178
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Routes for Drug Translocation Across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Exploiting Peptides as Delivery Vectors. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2326-2334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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179
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Łepek T, Kwiatkowska A, Couture F, Ly K, Desjardins R, Dory Y, Prahl A, Day R. Macrocyclization of a potent PACE4 inhibitor: Benefits and limitations. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:476-485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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180
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Gourdon G, Meola G. Myotonic Dystrophies: State of the Art of New Therapeutic Developments for the CNS. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:101. [PMID: 28473756 PMCID: PMC5397409 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophies are multisystemic diseases characterized not only by muscle and heart dysfunction but also by CNS alteration. They are now recognized as brain diseases affecting newborns and children for myotonic dystrophy type 1 and adults for both myotonic dystrophy type 1 and type 2. In the past two decades, much progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying the DM symptoms allowing development of new molecular therapeutic tools with the ultimate aim of curing the disease. This review describes the state of the art for the characterization of CNS related symptoms, the development of molecular strategies to target the CNS as well as the available tools for screening and testing new possible treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Gourdon
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163Paris, France.,Laboratory CTGDM, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris CitéParis, France
| | - Giovanni Meola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Policlinico San Donato (IRCCS), University of MilanMilan, Italy
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181
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Ray M, Lee YW, Scaletti F, Yu R, Rotello VM. Intracellular delivery of proteins by nanocarriers. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:941-952. [PMID: 28338410 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of proteins is potentially a game-changing approach for therapeutics. However, for most applications, the protein needs to access the cytosol to be effective. A wide variety of strategies have been developed for protein delivery, however access of delivered protein to the cytosol without acute cytotoxicity remains a critical issue. In this review we discuss recent trends in protein delivery using nanocarriers, focusing on the ability of these strategies to deliver protein into the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Ray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Federica Scaletti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Ruijin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.,College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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182
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Novel strategies in the oral delivery of antidiabetic peptide drugs - Insulin, GLP 1 and its analogs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 115:257-267. [PMID: 28336368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As diabetes is a complex disorder being a major cause of mortality and morbidity in epidemic rates, continuous research has been done on new drug types and administration routes. Up to now, a large number of therapeutic peptides have been produced to treat diabetes including insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogs. The most common route of administration of these antidiabetic peptides is parenteral. Due to several drawbacks associated with this invasive route, delivery of these antidiabetic peptides by the oral route has been a goal of pharmaceutical technology for many decades. Dosage form development should focus on overcoming the limitations facing oral peptides delivery as degradation by proteolytic enzymes and poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This review focuses on currently developed strategies to improve oral bioavailability of these peptide based drugs; evaluating their advantages and limitations in addition to discussing future perspectives on oral peptides delivery. Depending on the previous reports and papers, the area of nanocarriers systems including polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes and micelles seem to be the most promising strategy that could be applied for successful oral peptides delivery; but still further potential attempts are required to be able to achieve the FDA approved oral antidiabetic peptide delivery system.
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183
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Bolhassani A, Jafarzade BS, Mardani G. In vitro and in vivo delivery of therapeutic proteins using cell penetrating peptides. Peptides 2017; 87:50-63. [PMID: 27887988 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The failure of proteins to penetrate mammalian cells or target tumor cells restricts their value as therapeutic tools in a variety of diseases such as cancers. Recently, protein transduction domains (PTDs) or cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been shown to promote the delivery of therapeutic proteins or peptides into live cells. The successful delivery of proteins mainly depends on their physicochemical properties. Although, linear cell penetrating peptides are one of the most effective delivery vehicles; but currently, cyclic CPPs has been developed to potently transport bioactive full-length proteins into cells. Up to now, several small protein transduction domains from viral proteins including Tat or VP22 could be fused to other peptides or proteins to entry them in various cell types at a dose-dependent approach. A major disadvantage of PTD-fusion proteins is primary uptake into endosomal vesicles leading to inefficient release of the fusion proteins into the cytosol. Recently, non-covalent complex formation (Chariot) between proteins and CPPs has attracted a special interest to overcome some delivery limitations (e.g., toxicity). Many preclinical and clinical trials of CPP-based delivery are currently under evaluation. Generally, development of more efficient protein transduction domains would significantly increase the potency of protein therapeutics. Moreover, the synergistic or combined effects of CPPs with other delivery systems for protein/peptide drug delivery would promote their therapeutic effects in cancer and other diseases. In this review, we will describe the functions and implications of CPPs for delivering the therapeutic proteins or peptides in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Golnaz Mardani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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184
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Feni L, Neundorf I. The Current Role of Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Cancer Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1030:279-295. [PMID: 29081059 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-66095-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are a heterogeneous class of peptides with the ability to translocate across the plasma membrane and to carry attached cargos inside the cell. Two main entry pathways are discussed, as direct translocation and endocytosis , whereas the latter is often favored when bulky cargos are added to the CPP. Attachment to the CPP can be achieved by means of covalent coupling or non-covalent complex formation, depending on the chemical nature of the cargo. Owing to their striking abilities the further development and application of CPP-based delivery strategies has steadily emerged during the past years. However, one main pitfall when using CPPs is their non-selective uptake in nearly all types of cells. Thus, one particular interest lies in the design of targeting strategies that help to circumvent this drawback but still benefit from the potent delivery abilities of CPPs. The following review aims to summarize some of these very recent concepts and to highlight the current role of CPPs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Feni
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Zuelpicherstr. 47a, D-50674, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ines Neundorf
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Zuelpicherstr. 47a, D-50674, Cologne, Germany.
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185
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Backlund CM, Sgolastra F, Otter R, Minter L, Takeuchi T, Futaki S, Tew GN. Increased Hydrophobic Block Length of PTDMs Promotes Protein Internalization. Polym Chem 2016; 7:7514-7521. [PMID: 29093759 PMCID: PMC5661863 DOI: 10.1039/c6py01615d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is a major obstacle in the development and use of biomacromolecules for intracellular therapeutic applications. Protein transduction domains (PTDs) have been used to overcome this barrier, but often require covalent conjugation to their cargo and can be time consuming to synthesize. Synthetic monomers can be designed to mimic the amino acid moieties in PTDs, and their resulting polymers provide a well-controlled platform to vary molecular composition for structure-activity relationship studies. In this paper, a series of polyoxanorbornene-based synthetic mimics, inspired by PTDs, with varying cationic and hydrophobic densities, and the nature of the hydrophobic chain and degree of polymerizations were investigated in vitro to determine their ability to non-covalently transport enhanced green fluorescent protein into HeLa cells, Jurkat T cells, and hTERT mesenchymal stem cells. Polymers with high charge density lead to efficient protein delivery. Similarly, the polymers with the highest hydrophobic content and density proved to be the most efficient at internalization. The observed improvements with increased hydrophobic length and content were consistent across all three cell types, suggesting that these architectural relationships are not cell type specific. However, Jurkat T cells showed distinct variation in uptake between polymers than with the other two cell types. These results provide important design parameters for more effective delivery of biomacromolecules for intracellular delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie M Backlund
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Federica Sgolastra
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Ronja Otter
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Lisa Minter
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Toshihide Takeuchi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Gregory N Tew
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
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186
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Sakamoto K, Adachi Y, Komoike Y, Kamada Y, Koyama R, Fukuda Y, Kadotani A, Asami T, Sakamoto JI. Novel DOCK2-selective inhibitory peptide that suppresses B-cell line migration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:183-190. [PMID: 28039053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) is a key molecule for lymphocyte activation and migration. DOCK2 interacts with Ras-related C3 botulinus toxin substrate 1 (Rac1, GTPase) and mediates the GDP-GTP exchange reaction, indicating that inhibitors against protein-protein interaction (PPI) between DOCK2 and Rac1 would be good drug candidates for treating immune-related disorders. Here, we report DOCK2-selective PPI inhibitory peptides discovered using random peptide T7 phage display technology. These peptides inhibited DOCK2 activity at nanomolar concentrations and were delivered to intracellular compartments by combination with cell-penetrating peptide (CPP). Consequently, one peptide, R4-DCpep-2(V2W/K4R/ox)-NH2 (Ac-RRRRCWARYHGYPWCRRRR-NH2), inhibited migration in human B lymphocyte MINO cell line at IC50 = 120 nM. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a DOCK2-selective peptide inhibitor; this study will contribute to the development of novel DOCK2-targeting immunosuppressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Sakamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Adachi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yusaku Komoike
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kamada
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ryokichi Koyama
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yasunori Fukuda
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Akito Kadotani
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Taiji Asami
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Sakamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
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187
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Taskova M, Madsen CS, Jensen KJ, Hansen LH, Vester B, Astakhova K. Antisense Oligonucleotides Internally Labeled with Peptides Show Improved Target Recognition and Stability to Enzymatic Degradation. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 28:768-774. [PMID: 28292178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Specific target binding and stability in diverse biological media is of crucial importance for applications of synthetic oligonucleotides as diagnostic and therapeutic tools. So far, these issues have been addressed by chemical modification of oligonucleotides and by conjugation with a peptide, most often at the terminal position of the oligonucleotide. Herein, we for the first time systematically investigate the influence of internally attached short peptides on the properties of antisense oligonucleotides. We report the synthesis and internal double labeling of 21-mer oligonucleotides that target the BRAF V600E oncogene, with a library of rationally designed peptides employing CuAAC "click" chemistry. The peptide sequence has an influence on the specificity and affinity of target DNA/RNA binding. We also investigated the impact of locked nucleic acids (LNAs) on the latter. Lysine residues improve binding of POCs to target DNA and RNA, whereas the distance to lysine correlates exclusively with a decrease in binding of mismatched RNA targets. Glycine and tyrosine residues affect target binding as well. Importantly, the resistance of POCs to enzymatic degradation is dramatically improved by the internal attachment of peptides but not by LNA alone. Independently of the peptide sequence, the conjugates are stable for up to 24 h in 90% human serum and duplexes of POCs with complementary DNA for up to 160 h in 90% human serum. Such excellent stability has not been previously reported for DNA and makes internally labeled POCs an exciting object of study, i.e., showing high target specificity and simultaneous stability in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlotte S Madsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Knud J Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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188
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Thwala LN, Beloqui A, Csaba NS, González-Touceda D, Tovar S, Dieguez C, Alonso MJ, Préat V. The interaction of protamine nanocapsules with the intestinal epithelium: A mechanistic approach. J Control Release 2016; 243:109-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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189
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Intelligent substance delivery into cells using cell-penetrating peptides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:121-130. [PMID: 27956345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are oligopeptides that can permeate the cell membrane. The use of a CPP-mediated transport system could be an excellent method for delivering cell-impermeable substances such as proteins, antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, siRNAs, plasmids, drugs, fluorescent compounds, and nanoparticles as covalently or noncovalently conjugated cargo into cells. Nonetheless, the mechanisms through which CPPs are internalized remain unclear. Endocytosis and direct translocation through the membrane are the generally accepted routes. Internalization via both pathways can occur simultaneously, depending on cellular conditions. However, the peculiar property of CPPs has attracted many researchers, especially in drug discovery or development, who intend to deliver impermeable substances into cells through the cell membrane. The delivery of drugs using CPPs may non-invasively solve the problem of drug penetration into cells with the added benefit of low cytotoxicity. Moreover, macromolecules can also be delivered by this transport system. In this review, I discuss the possibilities and advantages of substance delivery into cells using CPPs.
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190
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Berthoin L, Toussaint B, Garban F, Le Gouellec A, Caulier B, Polack B, Laurin D. Targeted release of transcription factors for cell reprogramming by a natural micro-syringe. Int J Pharm 2016; 513:678-687. [PMID: 27697633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic expression of defined transcription factors (TFs) for cell fate handling has proven high potential interest in reprogramming differentiated cells, in particular for regenerative medicine, ontogenesis study and cell based modelling. Pluripotency or transdifferentiation induction as TF mediated differentiation is commonly produced by transfer of genetic information with safety concerns. The direct delivery of proteins could represent a safer alternative but still needs significant advances to be efficient. We have successfully developed the direct delivery of proteins by an attenuated bacterium with a type 3 secretion system that does not require challenging and laborious steps for production and purification of recombinant molecules. Here we show that this natural micro-syringe is able to inject TFs to primary human fibroblasts and cord blood CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. The signal sequence for vectorization of the TF Oct4 has no effect on DNA binding to its nucleic target. As soon as one hour after injection, vectorized TFs are detectable in the nucleus. The injection process is not associated with toxicity and the bacteria can be completely removed from cell cultures. A three days targeted release of Oct4 or Sox2 embryonic TFs results in the induction of the core pluripotency genes expression in fibroblasts and CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. This micro-syringe vectorization represents a new strategy for TF delivery and has potential applications for cell fate reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Berthoin
- TIMC-TheREx Laboratory UMR 5525, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France.
| | - Bertrand Toussaint
- TIMC-TheREx Laboratory UMR 5525, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France.
| | - Frédéric Garban
- TIMC-TheREx Laboratory UMR 5525, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France; Etablissement Français du Sang, 29 av du Maquis du Grésivaudan, BP35, 38701 La Tronche, France.
| | - Audrey Le Gouellec
- TIMC-TheREx Laboratory UMR 5525, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France.
| | - Benjamin Caulier
- TIMC-TheREx Laboratory UMR 5525, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France; Etablissement Français du Sang, 29 av du Maquis du Grésivaudan, BP35, 38701 La Tronche, France.
| | - Benoît Polack
- TIMC-TheREx Laboratory UMR 5525, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France.
| | - David Laurin
- TIMC-TheREx Laboratory UMR 5525, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38041, France; Etablissement Français du Sang, 29 av du Maquis du Grésivaudan, BP35, 38701 La Tronche, France.
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191
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Bera S, Kar RK, Mondal S, Pahan K, Bhunia A. Structural Elucidation of the Cell-Penetrating Penetratin Peptide in Model Membranes at the Atomic Level: Probing Hydrophobic Interactions in the Blood-Brain Barrier. Biochemistry 2016; 55:4982-96. [PMID: 27532224 PMCID: PMC5014585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have shown promise in nonpermeable therapeutic drug delivery, because of their ability to transport a variety of cargo molecules across the cell membranes and their noncytotoxicity. Drosophila antennapedia homeodomain-derived CPP penetratin (RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK), being rich in positively charged residues, has been increasingly used as a potential drug carrier for various purposes. Penetratin can breach the tight endothelial network known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB), permitting treatment of several neurodegenerative maladies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. However, a detailed structural understanding of penetratin and its mechanism of action is lacking. This study defines structural features of the penetratin-derived peptide, DK17 (DRQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK), in several model membranes and describes a membrane-induced conformational transition of the DK17 peptide in these environments. A series of biophysical experiments, including high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, provides the three-dimensional structure of DK17 in different membranes mimicking the BBB or total brain lipid extract. Molecular dynamics simulations support the experimental results showing preferential binding of DK17 to particular lipids at atomic resolution. The peptide conserves the structure of the subdomain spanning residues Ile6-Arg11, despite considerable conformational variation in different membrane models. In vivo data suggest that the wild type, not a mutated sequence, enters the central nervous system. Together, these data highlight important structural and functional attributes of DK17 that could be utilized in drug delivery for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapna Bera
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VII(M), Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Rajiv K Kar
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VII(M), Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Susanta Mondal
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 820 South Damen Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VII(M), Kolkata 700054, India
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192
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Huang Y, Dreyfus CF. The role of growth factors as a therapeutic approach to demyelinating disease. Exp Neurol 2016; 283:531-40. [PMID: 27016070 PMCID: PMC5010931 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A variety of growth factors are being explored as therapeutic agents relevant to the axonal and oligodendroglial deficits that occur as a result of demyelinating lesions such as are evident in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). This review focuses on five such proteins that are present in the lesion site and impact oligodendrocyte regeneration. It then presents approaches that are being exploited to manipulate the lesion environment affiliated with multiple neurodegenerative diseases and suggests that the utility of these approaches can extend to demyelination. Challenges are to further understand the roles of specific growth factors on a cellular and tissue level. Emerging technologies can then be employed to optimize the use of growth factors to ameliorate the deficits associated with demyelinating degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Huang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Cheryl F Dreyfus
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 683 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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193
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Cromm PM, Spiegel J, Küchler P, Dietrich L, Kriegesmann J, Wendt M, Goody RS, Waldmann H, Grossmann TN. Protease-Resistant and Cell-Permeable Double-Stapled Peptides Targeting the Rab8a GTPase. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:2375-82. [PMID: 27336832 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Small GTPases comprise a family of highly relevant targets in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry research and have been considered "undruggable" due to the persisting lack of effective synthetic modulators and suitable binding pockets. As molecular switches, small GTPases control a multitude of pivotal cellular functions, and their dysregulation is associated with many human diseases such as various forms of cancer. Rab-GTPases represent the largest subfamily of small GTPases and are master regulators of vesicular transport interacting with various proteins via flat and extensive protein-protein interactions (PPIs). The only reported synthetic inhibitor of a PPI involving an activated Rab GTPase is the hydrocarbon stapled peptide StRIP3. However, this macrocyclic peptide shows low proteolytic stability and cell permeability. Here, we report the design of a bioavailable StRIP3 analogue that harbors two hydrophobic cross-links and exhibits increased binding affinity, combined with robust cellular uptake and extremely high proteolytic stability. Localization experiments reveal that this double-stapled peptide and its target protein Rab8a accumulate in the same cellular compartments. The reported approach offers a strategy for the implementation of biostability into conformationally constrained peptides while supporting cellular uptake and target affinity, thereby conveying drug-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp M. Cromm
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jochen Spiegel
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Philipp Küchler
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Laura Dietrich
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- VU University Amsterdam, Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathias Wendt
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- VU University Amsterdam, Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roger S. Goody
- Structural
Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
11, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Tom N. Grossmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- VU University Amsterdam, Department of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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194
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Bae HD, Lee J, Jin XH, Lee K. Potential of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein-Derived Protein Transduction Domains as Antigen Carriers for Nasal Vaccine Delivery. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3196-205. [PMID: 27454469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nasal vaccination offers a promising alternative to intramuscular (i.m.) vaccination because it can induce both mucosal and systemic immunity. However, its major drawback is poor absorption of large antigens in the nasal epithelium. Protein transduction domains (PTDs), also called cell-penetrating peptides, have been proposed as vehicles for nasal delivery of therapeutic peptides and proteins. Here, we evaluated the potential of a mutant PTD derived from translationally controlled tumor protein (designated TCTP-PTD 13) as an antigen carrier for nasal vaccines. We first compared the l- and d-forms of TCTP-PTD 13 isomers (l- or d-TCTP-PTD 13) as antigen carriers. Studies in mice demonstrated that nasally administered mixtures of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and d-TCTP-PTD 13 induced higher plasma IgG titers and secretory IgA levels in nasal washes than nasally administered OVA alone, OVA/l-TCTP-PTD 13, or i.m.-injected OVA. Plasma IgG subclass responses (IgG1 and IgG2a) of mice nasally administered OVA/d-TCTP-PTD 13 showed that the predominant IgG subclass was IgG1, indicating a Th2-biased immune response. We also used synthetic CpG oligonucleotides (CpG) as a Th1 immune response-inducing adjuvant. Nasally administered CpG plus OVA/d-TCTP-PTD 13 was superior in eliciting systemic and mucosal immune responses compared to those induced by nasally administered OVA/d-TCTP-PTD 13. Furthermore, the OVA/CpG/d-TCTP-PTD 13 combination skewed IgG1 and IgG2a profiles of humoral immune responses toward a Th1 profile. These findings suggest that TCTP-derived PTD is a suitable vehicle to efficiently carry antigens and to induce more powerful antigen-specific immune responses and a more balanced Th1/Th2 response when combined with a DNA adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Duck Bae
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Joohyun Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Xing-Hai Jin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Kyunglim Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760, Korea
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195
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Augmenting the Efficacy of Immunotoxins and Other Targeted Protein Toxins by Endosomal Escape Enhancers. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8070200. [PMID: 27376327 PMCID: PMC4963833 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8070200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxic moiety of almost all protein-based targeted toxins must enter the cytosol of the target cell to mediate its fatal effect. Although more than 500 targeted toxins have been investigated in the past decades, no antibody-targeted protein toxin has been approved for tumor therapeutic applications by the authorities to date. Missing efficacy can be attributed in many cases to insufficient endosomal escape and therefore subsequent lysosomal degradation of the endocytosed toxins. To overcome this drawback, many strategies have been described to weaken the membrane integrity of endosomes. This comprises the use of lysosomotropic amines, carboxylic ionophores, calcium channel antagonists, various cell-penetrating peptides of viral, bacterial, plant, animal, human and synthetic origin, other organic molecules and light-induced techniques. Although the efficacy of the targeted toxins was typically augmented in cell culture hundred or thousand fold, in exceptional cases more than million fold, the combination of several substances harbors new problems including additional side effects, loss of target specificity, difficulties to determine the therapeutic window and cell type-dependent variations. This review critically scrutinizes the chances and challenges of endosomal escape enhancers and their potential role in future developments.
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